005830   Sahu S P;Prakash A;Singh K B (NO, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research, Dhanbad-826 015) : Development of an empirical model for prediction of subsidence coefficient for stowed panels under multi-seam workings in Jharia coalfield. Indian J envir Prot 2015, 35(11), 942-7.

In this paper an attempt has been made to develop an empirical model for subsidence coefficient and a generalized nomogram for assessing subsidence coefficient with respect to dip of seam and depth of working. The model thus validated is in close agreement with actual field observations.

3 illus, 6 tables, 13 ref

005829   Roy P K;Pal A;Ghosh M;Majumder A (NO, Jadavpur Univ, School of Water Resource Engineering, Kolkata-700 032) : Performance of dual media filter for water purification. Indian J envir Prot 2015, 35(11), 916-25.

In the present study, the operation of dual media filter beds (DMF) was examined in a lab-scale drinking water treatment plant in School of Water Resources Engineering, Jadavpur University. The objective of ihe study is to focus on the performance and efficacy of dual media filter beds in terms of removal of BOD, TDS and pathogen from wastewater and surface water with respect to the head loss developed during the operation. The methodology involved laboratory bench scale model of dual media filter beds, fabricated by clear perspex and backwashing facility, categorized within 3 zones : A gravel layer, sand and anthracite/bituminous coal having thickness 300 mm, 320 mm and 525 mm, respectively. The total time of operation was 47.00 hr with constant rate of flow against varying turbidity ranging from 5 to 18 NTU. The treated effluent water obtained had turbidity within range of 0.5-2 NTU. The filtration rate of dual media filter beds was found to be 6.40-11.43 m/hr, 2 to 3 times greater than conventional rapid gravity filter bed. The effluent water quality was found satisfactory after the treatment with dual media filter beds.

3 illus, 4 tables, 19 ref

005828   Rajmohan R;Vairamani R;Selvaperumal S (Electrical and Electronics Engineering Dep, Coimbatore Institute of Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Reactive power compensation and harmonic mitigation through quasi Z source converter for marine applications. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(7), 897-910.

This research work brings out the unique approach for attaining an efficient grid connected PV system with suppression of current harmonics by Shunt Active Power Filter (SAPF) as grid connected inverter. But the performance of SAPF is not consistent and is varied based on the control techniques. Filter currents are created using Phase Locked Loop (PLL) based park transformation. Control loops of SAPF are employed with Proportional Integral (PI) controllers. Tuning of PI controller is found to be crucial in improving the harmonic compensation of SAPF. Various optimization algorithms are used for obtaining optimized control parameters of PI controller. Self tuning of PI controller is proposed through Imperialist Competitive Algorithm (ICA) to get the optimal value of PI parameters. Simulation works are carried out in MATLAB/Simulink and the performance of this proposed approach is compared in minimizing Total Harmonic Distortion (THD), to maintain the quality of utility grid without distortion and thus increasing energy efficiency of the system.

17 illus, 3 tables, 33 ref

005827   Pradeep Kumar A;Akila Devi A R;Anestraj S; Arun S;Santhoshkumar A (Civil Engineering Dep, Veltech Engineering College, Avadi, Chennai-6000 062) : Experimental work on concrete by adding Bacillus subtilis. Indian J envir Prot 2015, 35(11), 911-15.

The present investigation is to obtain the performance of the concrete by the microbiologically induced special growth. One such has led to the development of a very special concrete known as bacterial concrete where bacteria is induced in the mortars and concrete to heal up the faults. Researchers with different bacteria proposed different concretes. Here an attempt was made by using the bacteria Bacillus subtilis strain no. jc3. This study showed a significant increase in the compressive strength due to the addition of bacteria. When 30 mL of Bacillus subtilis is added in M20 grade concrete it attains maximum compressive strength. In concrete self-healing property is successfully achieved due to addition of bacteria.

7 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

005826   Prabhu R;Harikumar R (Biomedical Engineering Dep, Velalar College of Engineering and Technology, Erode-638 012, Email: prathinam11@gmail.com) : Performance analysis of GA-ELM classifier in classification of abnormality detection in electrical impedence tomography (EIT) lung images. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(7), 404-11.

This article presents the performance analysis of Genetic Algorithm (GA) - Extreme Learning Machine (ELM) classifier by comparing with Genetic Algorithm (GA)-Support Vector Machine (SVM) classifier for detecting the abnormalities from Electrical impedance tomography images. The machine learning algorithms, Extreme Learning Machine (ELM), and Support Vector Machine (SVM) are used for classification and a Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used as feature selector to reduce the high dimensional features needed for classification. The Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and intensity histogram are used for texture feature extraction from the EIT images. The EIT lung images are reconstructed using one step linearized Gauss-Newton (GN) algorithm. Detection of lung injury is one of the critical issue where excessive care has to be taken for better diagnosis and treatment. Any classifier needs to detect the non-ventilated regions with respect to efficiency and performance. The performance analysis of these two classifiers are analyzed based on the benchmark parameters such performance index, sensitivity, specificity, average detection and F-score. From the experimental results it is evident, that the Extreme Learning Machine has performed well compared with the Support Vector Machine and also Extreme Learning Machine classification performance has been increased for genetic algorithm based feature selection.

2 illus, 3 tables, 31 ref

005825   Perlekar P;Nityananda R (NO, TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Science in Hyderabad, Hyderabad) : Steven Vogel (1940-2015). Resonance 2016, 21(5), 395-400.

Steven Vogel was a pinoneer in applying principles of mechanics to diverse living systems. This article first provides a brief overview of his career. It then reviews the concepts of Peclet number and Reynolds number which are helpful in appreciating the Classics article by Vogel reproduced in this issue.

6 ref

005824   Nunez J A R;Velazquez L M;Hernandez L A M; Troncoso R J R;OsornioRios R A (NO, HSPdigtal- CA Mecatronica, Facultad de Ingenieria Campus San Juan del Rio, Email: raosornio@hspdigital.org) : Low-cost thermographic analysis for bearing fault detection on induction motors. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(7), 412-15.

This paper presents a low-cost thermography approach to detect faults in ball-bearings on induction motors under industrial operating conditions. The proposed methodology applies a thermal differential technique to make the failure detectable even in changing environmental conditions. The obtained results prove that around of the 5°C of thermal difference between the ball-bearing temperature and the surrounding environment is an indicative of a failure.

2 illus, 7 ref

005823   Nithya M;Maheswaran G;Senthil Kumar S (Civil Engineering Dep, KPR Institute of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore-641 407, Email: mnithya.me@gmail.com) : Experimental investigation on impact of sand mining in coastal regions and potential reuse of silica sand as construction material. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(7), 885-8.

High quality silica sand has been consumed by foundry in large quantity for casting and moulding process. Foundry successfully recycles and reuses the sand. When it can no longer be reused, it is removed from foundry, termed as Waste Foundry Sand (WFS) and normally disposed off in landfill. The dumping of the fine fraction of WFS and the continuous depletion of sand for construction are two serious environmental problems that can be solved simultaneously by using WFS as construction material. The study aims to determine the optimum percentage of WFS for partial replacement of fine aggregate in concrete and concluded that WFS could be used in making good quality concrete.

3 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

005822   Nithiyananadam T;Senthilkumar P;Selvakumar R (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Park College of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Email: vtnithi@gmail.com) : Effect of injection timing on heat release rate and emissions in a biodiesel fuelled & nano powder coated CI engine. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(4), 262-6.

The injection timing variation has a robust effect on emission formation in direct combustion diesel engine with thermal barrier coating. The piston head and cylinder were coated with Zirconium at 40 micron thickness. Low Heat Rejection (LHR) engine has high heat with standing capacity inside the combustion chamber, so the in-cylinder temperature is very high in part load and full load condition, which leads to increase the NOX emission. In the present investigation neat Jatropha oil methyl ester (JME) as well as the blends of varying proportions of Jatropha methyl ester and diesel were used to run a LHR-CI engine with standard injection timing and retarded injection timing. Significant improvements in engine performance and emission characteristics were observed for JME fuel. The addition of JME to diesel fuel has significantly reduced HC, CO emissions but it increases the NOX emission slightly with standard injection timing. The NOX emission was decreased with retarded injection timing with negligible effect on fuel consumption rate. Similar trend in brake thermal efficiency and exhaust gas temperature were observed with retarded injection timing, while maximum cylinder gas pressure and ignition delay were decreased.

4 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

005821   Morarka A R (NO, Abasaheb Garware College Karve Road, Pune-411 004, Email: amitmoraka@gmail.com) : Demonstration model of self inductance using relay. Resonance 2016, 21(5), 457-65.

Using an electrical component like a relay, the phenomenon of self inductance can easily be demonstrated to undergraduate students. By wiring simple electrical components like relay, neon bulb and a DC power supply, intermittent back electromotive force (emf) can be generated in the range from 60 to 100 volt. The glowing of neon bulb provides visual evidence for the generation of large back emf due to self inductance.

10 illus, 3 ref

005820   Mohanty S C;Singh B P;Ghosh S;Rathore D K; Prusty R K;Ray B C (Composite Materials Group, Metallurgical and Materials Engineering, National Institute of Technology, Rourkela, Email: saratchandra.cvraman@gmail.com) : Effect of carbonaceous nanofiller on the mechanical properties of conventional glass-epoxy composites. J advd Res Mfg Mater Sci metall Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 1-10.

Investigations into carbon nanofibers (CNF) as not only structural reinforcement materials but also standalone or embedded strain/damage, thermal, atmospheric and biochemical sensors are driven by their high specific strength, electrical and thermal conductivity, stiffness as well as extreme flexibility. Polymer matrix, being the weakest phase of a composite material which brakes first under the application of external load, should get strong enough to transfer load effectively from matrix phase to fiber phase. Hence incorporation of CNF into polymer matrix is the focus of the current investigation. In this study matrix modification is carried out dispersing 0.2%, 0.5% and 1% CNF into polymer matrix. To examine the flexural properties 3 point bend test is carried out with Instron 5967 with a loading speed of 1 mm/min. The maximum increase in strength obtained among all the four compositions was 22.10% in case of 1% CNF-GE composite.

4 illus, 7 ref

005819   Mohammadi A M S;Asgari G;Poormohammadi A; Ahmadian M (Social Determinants of Health Research Centre (SDHRC), Hamadan Univ of Medical Sciences, Hamadan, Iran, Email: moh.ahmadin@yahoo.com) : Oxidation of phenol from synthetic wastewater by a novel advance oxidation process: Microwave-assisted periodate. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(4), 267-72.

In this study, microwave (MW) was used to activate periodate as a novel advance oxidation process. The effects of a combined process of sodium Periodate and MW was studied in phenol removal from synthetic wastewater. Experiments were performed in a batch process, and the effect of parameters including pH, contact time, initial phenol concentration, MW radiation and Periodate concentration were examined. The maximum phenol removal equal to 98.8% was obtained at pH = 11, initial phenol concentration =100 mg/L, contact time=30 min, MW = 600 W and Periodate concentration = 0.2 mol/L. The maximum phenol removal was only 11.5 % at the same conditions but without the influence of MW radiation. The results revealed that as Periodate concentration, MW radiation and contact time increased, the phenol removal efficiency increased as well. Furthermore, when the phenol concentration increased, phenol removal efficiency decreased. It was also observed that MWs activated Periodate and significantly increased process efficiency. Therefore, the combined process of MW-Periodate can be used as a novel advanced oxidation process to remove contaminants from the aquatic environment.

2 tables, 32 ref

005818   Mittal S;Wadhwa A S;Garg H (Mechanical Dep, Univ Institute of Engineering & Technology, Punjab Univ, Chandigarh, Email: sagar15mittal@gmail.com) : Parameters of liquid cooling for microscale heat transfer. J advd Res Prod ind Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 48-54.

In an electronic component, high processing power in compact chips results in large heat dissipation. The aim of this article is to study and analyze the parameters of liquids for microscale heat transfer as it is an evolving trend from research point of view. Further, the range of coolants used for microscale heat transfer can vary from water, ethylene glycol, and liquid metal to nanofluids. Heat transfer in microchannel using nanofluid as coolant is highly efficient as it has higher heat dissipation capacity than water used as coolant. MicroChannel cooling with liquid metal poses tough challenge with regard to corrosion and blocking problems in the cooling system. The heat transfer characteristics of the nanofluids for microchannel applications would be studied and the parameters like thermal conductivity of different nanofluids compared in the present article.

^iia4 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref

005817   Mehrabi M (NO, Islamic Azad Univ, Takestanbranch, Iran, Email: bahram30866@gmail.com) : Experimental investigation of parameters effecting natural frequencies of planetary gear systems. J advd Res Prod ind Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 32-40.

In the present work an experimental model of general planetary gear transmission is used to study the sensitivity of the natural frequencies to system parameters in perturbed situation. Design parameters considered are'mass of components and their moment of inertia, mesh stiffness and bearing support stiffness. A three planer degree of freedom model is selected for planets, sun, ring, and carrier. For a cyclically symmetric(tuned) planetary gear system well-defined modal properties considering, time-invariant and linear conditions defined modal properties are applied to calculate Eigen sensitivities and indicate them in the form of simple formulae. These formulae are quite efficient to determine the eign-sensitivities to support and mesh stiffness, mass and inertia of the components in perturbed situation. The effect of these parameters on sensitivity of the natural frequency was verified experimentally and the results so obtained are found in good agreement with those available in literature.

10 illus, 10 tables, 17 ref

005816   Marimuthu P;Robersagayadoss M;Edwinpaul N E; Chandrasekaran K (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Syed Ammal Engineering College, Ramanathapuram, Tamil Nadu, Email: pmarimuthu69@gmail.com) : Modeling of EDM progression on heat resistant super alloys using response surface regression. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(8), 475-9.

Inconel 600 has been widely applied in aerospace industry and nuclear reactor due to its superior high temperature mechanical properties such as resistance to oxidation and corrosion, high tensile stress and rupture stress etc. But, machining of Inconel 600 is very difficult to machine material. Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the most extensively used non-conventional material removal process and current, pulse on time and pulse off time are the parameters that affects the quality of the machined component. Modeling of the EDM operation is essential for improving the quality of product while machining Inconel 600. Response surface methodology (RSM) incorporating statistics tool in design and executing experiments is proved. The Taguchi technique is very attractive and effective method to deal with responses influenced by number of variables. So, in this investigation, optimum parameters were obtained using Taguchi techniques and regression coefficient was obtained using response surface regression.

1 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

005815   Manavaimaran B;Krishnan B (National Centre for Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, Madras Univ, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, Email: drbalajimaran@gmail.com) : Silicon ion irradiation effects on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures grown by metalorganic chemical vapour deposition. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 50-3.

Irradiation effects of 120 MeV silicon ion with the fluence of 5 x 10<^>12 ions/cm<^>2 at room temperature and low temperature (77 K) on AIGaN/GaN heterostructures have been studied to probe the radiation tolerance for space applications. XRD results explicitly showed there were no compositional changes and additional phase formation due to irradiation. Smooth surface with atomic steps and terrace features has been observed in the pristine sample; upon irradiation, the surface become rough with annihilated surface steps. Atomic force microscopy images depict the nano and micro structures formation for the silicon ion irradiated AIGaN/GaN samples at room temperature and low temperature (77 K), respectively. Photoluminescence measurements revealed the blue shift of AIGaN layer in the low temperature irradiated samples. Intensity of defect peaks around 2.5-3.2 eV increases for irradiated samples. Low temperature irradiation decreases the radiation tolerance and increases the defects and surface roughness of the AIGaN/GaN heterostructures.

4 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

005814   Maheshwari S;Choudhary A (Mechanical Engineering Dep, MITS, Gwalior-474 005, Email: choudharyashish30@yahoo.com) : Monitoring the production quality of small and medium scale food and construction materials industries in suburbs of Indore. J advd Res Prod ind Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 41-7.

The major factors affecting the degree of competition between various manufacturing industries in and around the city of Indore is the quality of the product. Indore and areas around it like MHOW and Pithampur is house to many industries of different scale. It is a known fact that ISO 9000 provides various standardized norms to be followed by the industry in order to maintain the quality of the product. Small and medium-scale industries find it difficult to fulfil the ISO 9000 norms due to various reasons. A case study is carried out through this article to know the importance of various quality programs in an industry. A survey was conducted in the-form of a questionnaire in these industries of Indore to find the quality maintenance programs that are being carried out there.

4 tables, 8 ref

005813   Mahendran S;Gnanambal I;Maheswari A (EEE Dep, K S Rangasamy College of Technology, Tiruchengode, Email: drmahendrans@gmail.com) : Experimental validation of power quality improvement in the domestic and industrial fan load. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(8), 506-11.

Power quality is not a big problem for low power motors and it becomes a problem in the places where multiple motors are in operation. In this paper, Genetic Algorithm is used to identify the best switching angles to eliminate selected harmonic in the output of the AC chopper. Load value is not mandatory to be known to calculate the switching angles are one of the main advantages of the proposed algorithm. Total Harmonic Distortion of output voltage is calculated from the obtained switching angles and embraced in the proposed fitness function. AC chopper with single phase induction motor model is developed in the MATLAB/SIMULINK environment. High quality output is derived due to the absence of low order harmonics. High efficiency is also achieved by the induction motor drive when it is operated with the proposed technique. Simulation results are validated through the designed prototype in which Genetic algorithm is implemented with the FPGA controller. Simulation and experimental results show that the proposed technique is effective.

3 illus, 3 tables, 19 ref

005812   Lama D;Dorje P T (NO, , Dorji Wangchuck, Gongphel Lam, Thimpu, Bhutan, Email: tesering_dorje@rediffmail.com) : Radiation dose error beyond high density material in radiation therapy. J advd Res Mfg Mater Sci metall Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 11-14.

The main purpose of this study is to investigate how accurate pencil beam convolution (PBC) algorithm is beyond high- density material in radiation beam. First of all, we created an inhomogeneous phantom containing PVC and water material. Then we obtained the data for various radiation field sizes. Measurements were done using the ion chamber. PBC produced errors up to 7% after beam passes through high density material. It is highly recommended not to use metallic objects in the beam path during cancer treatment.

1 table, 15 ref

005811   Kumar M N;Arasu G T (Electronics and Communication Engineering Dep, Vivekanandha college of Technology for Women, Elayampalayam-637 205, Email: nareshece84@gmail.com) : Low power and low latency inter carrier interference cancellation architecture in multi user OFDM system. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(7), 427-31.

The Inter carrier interference (ICI) and inter block interference (IBI) are the two signal degradations on multi user orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) communication system. In this paper, a noval methodology is proposed for the detection and reduction of ICI in received OFDM symbols. The vector precoding technique is proposed to reduce the ICI and more bandwidth efficient than other precoding techniques to eliminate ICI. The precoding architecture is used to determine the level of interference in the received OFDM symbols. The proposed interference cancellation architecture is designed and implemented in VLSI for analyzing its low power, bit error rate and energy consumption with conventional methods.

3 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

005810   Kumar L M;Sivaramakrishnan V;Premalatha M; Vivekanandan M (NO, K Ramakrishnan College of Engineering, Trichy-621 112, Email: madan324@gmail.com) : Interpretation on result of directions of suction opening on solar chimney coherent with building. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(3), 194-9.

The performance of a solar chimney was investigated and integrated into a one -storey building. It was designed, manufactured and tested through the selection of different suction openings for the entry of air including right, left, front, back, both right & left and both front & back sides. A module was developed and implemented in CFD for identification of the energy effect on solar chimneys. Experimental results showed that in Tiruchirappalli (Longitude +78.69E, Latitude +10.81) the air changes per hour increased and decreased for various suction openings, indicating that there was a correct orientation of suction opening for a solar chimney for maximum ventilation. The results show that the solar chimney with 50° inclination angle at the left inlet suction opening was found to provide maximum ventilation. The findings between the CFD and experimental results show good agreement.

4 illus, 4 tables, 27 ref

005809   Kulkarni A;John V (Electrical Engineering Dep, , IISc Bangalore, Email: abhijitk@ee.iisc.ernet.in) : HF transformer based grid-connected inverter topology for photovoltaic systems. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 69-75.

Inverters are required to convert the dc power from photovoltaic panels to ac. In grid connected inverters, the ac output is directly fed into the electric grid. In this paper, a high-frequency transformer based inverter topology is presented. This leads to a very compact inverter. The modulation of this inverter with a lossless snubber circuit is proposed. Proposed modulation eliminates the over-voltage spikes due to transformer leakage inductance. Commutation of the leakage inductance energy with this modulation is also discussed. The performance of the inverter with the proposed modulation is validated using simulation and experimental results.

10 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

005808   Kesavan A V;Ramamurthy P C (Materials Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: arulkvarman@gmail.com) : Nickel electrode for improving current density in organic electronic device. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 29-33.

In this work, polymer diode performance was analyzed by using nickel as anode electrode from two kinds of nickel as starting materials, namely nickel wire Ni{B} and nickel nano-particle Ni{N}. Metal electrode surface roughness and grain morphology were investigated by atomic force microscope and scanning electron microscope, respectively. Current-voltage (l - V) and capacitance - voltage (C -V) characteristics were measured for the fabricated device at room temperature. Obtained result from the current-voltage characteristics shows an increment in the current density for nickel nano-particle top electrode device. The increase in the current density could be due to a reduction in built-in voltage at P3HT/Ni{N} interface.

8 illus, 11 ref

005807   Karunakaran B;Jagirdar A;Paul D;Mukherji S (Biosciences and Bioengineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Mumbai-400 076, Email: bhuvana.k@iitb.ac.in) : Fabrication of nearly hemispherical polymer lenses using water droplets as moulds. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 54-9.

In this paper, we present a novel method of fabricating nearly hemispherical polymer lenses using water droplets as moulds. Owing to the naturally forming meniscus of water, the surface of the lens is smooth. This technique allowed us to fabricate small lenses of diameter <126>1 mm, which makes them easy to integrate with lab-on-chip platforms. The focal length of the convex lenses was estimated to be <126>1 mm. Due to their hemispherical nature, these lenses have a high numerical aperture. The method is simple and cost effective as it eliminates the need for specialized and expensive equipment such as surface plasma cleaner. We fabricated both concave and convex lenses in polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) using water droplets and PDMS lenses as moulds.

6 illus, 19 ref

005806   Giri T K;Verma U;Tripathi K (NSHM College of Pharmaceutical Technology, NSHM Knowledge Campus, Kolkata Group of Institutions, 124 BL Saha Road, Kolkata-700 053, Email: tapan_ju01@rediffmail.com) : Effect of adsorption parameters on biosorption of Zn<. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(2), 93-103.

Graft copolymers of locust bean gum (LBG) and polyacrylamide have been synthesized using ammonium persulphate (APS) as initiator for removal of Zn<^>++ ions from water systems. The effect of reaction variables including the concentration of acrylamide 10 to 30 g/L, APS 0.1x10<^>-3 to 10x10<^>-3 mol/L, LBG 10 to 25 g/L, time duration 30-180 min and temperature 40-80°C have been studied. Grafted copolymer has been characterized by Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). To optimize the adsorption conditions several experimental parameters were varied. The sorption data obeyed Langmuir and Freundlich sorption isotherms. The Langmuir sorption capacity (Qmax) is found to be 30.30 mg/g. Freundlich constants, KF and n, are found to be 9.04 and 3.73, respectively. The adsorption of Zn<^>++ ions by graft copolymer has been assessed by FTIR and SEM analysis. A metal capped structure is observed by SEM analysis after Zn<^>++ biosorption. The results of the study indicate that the synthesized graft copolymer is an efficient adsorbent for removal of Zn<^>++ ions from water systems.

6 illus, 5 tables, 37 ref

005805   Gandhiraj P;Parida M K;Prabakar K;Manchi R; Sundari S T;Jayapandian J;Sundar C S (Materials Science Group, Indira Gandhi Centre for Atomic Research, Kalpakkam-603 102, Email: gprasabba@igcar.gov.in) : Effect of dead layer on the efficiency of planar semiconductor neutron detectors. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 45-9.

Monte Carlo simulations have been performed to optimize design parameters such as dead layer, converter material thickness, and setting of lower level discrimination (LLD) in planar semiconductor neutron detectors. Efficiency calculations are carried out based on the Shultis-McGregor methodology. It is found that the efficiency is maximum (<126>4%) when M<^>10B/<^>6LiF thickness is <126>2.5/28 μm for an LLD of 300 keV. It is also found that introduction of a dead layer between the diode and converter material decreases the efficiency to <126>3%.

5 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

005804   Deng K (Engineering Mechanics Dep, Hebei Univ, Baoding 071002, China, Email: RossDeng@pku.edu.cn) : Classical mechanics, complexity and the methodology. Curr Sci 2016, 110(11), 2050-3.

Research on complexity has exploded in recent years, despite the lack of mature theoretical and computational tools. By refining the concepts from complex systems and classical mechanics, here we propose that the methodology developed in classical mechanics over the last four centuries, together with those from other disciplines, might once again nurture the new science of complexity in the coming years.

1 illus, 30 ref

005803   Das S;Nayak R K;Sahu T;Panda A K (Electronica and Communication Engineering Dep, National Institute of Science and Technology, Palur Hills, Berhampur, Odisha, Email: akpanda62@hotmail.com) : Enhancement of multisubband electron mobility in barrier delta-doped asymmetric GaAs double quantum well structure. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 17-22.

We analyse the effect of asymmetry in the structure parameters on low-temperature multisubband electron mobility μ in a barrier delta-doped GaAs/AIGaAs double quantum well structure. We obtain the subband energy levels and wave functions through self-consistent solution of Schrodinger and Poisson's equations. We show that μ is enhanced through asymmetry in well widths and spacer widths as a function of doping concentration, mediated by intersubband effects. We analyse the interplay of different scattering mechanisms on μ and show that the nonlinear enhancement of μ arises due to interface roughness (ir-) scattering even though the mobility is mostly limited by ionized impurity (imp-) scattering. We further show that the range of μ up to which the ir-scattering dominates depends on the occupation of subbands. Our results can be utilized for low-temperature devices.

4 illus, 19 ref

005802   Chaturvedi S K;Guven U;Srivastava P K (Aerospace Engineering Dep, Univ of Petroleum and Energy Studies, Dehradun-248 007, Email: sudhir.chaturvedi@ddn.upes.ac.in) : Measurement of tsunami wave eigenfunctions in deep, intermediate and shallower regions. Curr Sci 2016, 110(12), 2292-6.

The present communication describes a numerical study and investigation of the excitation of tsunami waves by an earthquake. Detailed, analysis has been carried out to describe the properties of eigenfunctions which represent the values of wave potential, horizontal and vertical velocity, and acceleration components with angular frequencies corresponding to the deep, intermediate and shallow water waves. Analysis and measurement of eigenfunctions were also performed. It shows that as distance progresses from the deep to coastal regions, celerity reduces due to increment in significant wave heights. At 80 km distance from the origin of generation, celerity is 550 m/s in deep, 440 m/s in intermediate and 310 m/s in shallow water waves.

5 illus, 15 ref

005801   Biswas N;Chakraborti P;Dhar P (Production Engineering Dep, NIT, Agartala, Email: mechanical.biswas@gmail.com) : Optimisation of pressure and oil film thickness in multilobe bearing using response surface methodology and moga. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(8), 495-9.

The performance of a bearing depends upon its load bearing capacity without compromising the friction. As the load increases, oil film thickness decreases owing to increase in oil pressure causing an adverse effect on bearing performance. In multi-lobe bearing oil pressure is released by draining the oil through the lobes. Thus, an optimum oil film thickness can be maintained while increasing the load bearing capacity. An attempt has been made to optimize the oil film thickness after satisfying the condition of maximizing the pressure in three lobes bearing using a genetic algorithm. It gives optimum result and their respective parameter configuration.

3 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

005800   Biswar S;Gogoi A K (Electronica and Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Guwahati, Email: akg@iitg.ernet.in) : Design issues of piezoresistive MEMS accelerometer for an application specific medical diagnostic system. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 11-16.

This paper reports the design and simulation of finite element method (FEM)-based micro-electromechanical-systems (MEMS) piezoresistive accelerometer used in a strapdown medical diagnostic system. A square proofmass with four flexures is used in this design. Here, p-doped single-crystal silicon are used as eight piezoresistors implanted on the flexures for sensing the maximum stress; and they are connected in the form of a wheatstone bridge with each arm containing two piezoresistors. Basically, here two different geometric configuration but of same material have been designed and simulated using FEM-based tool for dynamic range (±)2g. To assure better performance characteristics, different analysis for both the configurations are done. Configuration 1 is found to have better performance with respect to load withstanding capability, eigen value analysis, better response characteristic, and low cross-axis sensitivity. Furthermore, the measurement scheme adopted is the wheatstone bridge, which gives better performance as offset is almost nullified.

13 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

005799   Bardhan A;Mohan N;Soman R;Manikant;Raghavan S (Centre for Nano Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, Email: abheek.bardhan@gmail.com) : Curvature management in buffer layer for device quality GaN growth on Si (111). IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 82-7.

An efficient buffer layer scheme has been designed to address the issue of curvature management during metalorganic chemical vapour deposition growth of GaN on Si (111) substrate. This is necessary to prevent cracking of the grown layer during post-growth cooling down from growth temperature to room temperature and to achieve an allowable bow (<60>40 μm) in the wafer for carrying out lithographic processes. To meet both these ends simultaneously, the stress evolution in the buffer layers was observed carefully. The reduction in precursor flow during the buffer layer growth provided better control over curvature evolution in the growing buffer layers. This has enabled the growth of a suitable high electron mobility transistor (HEMT) stack on 2" Si (111) substrate of 300 μm thickness with a bow as low as 11.4 μm, having a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) of mobility, carrier concentration, and sheet resistance values 1510 cm<^>2/V<^>-s, 0.96 x 10<^>13/cm<^>2, and 444 Ω/square, respectively. Another variation of similar technique resulted in a bow of 23.4 (Am with 2DEG mobility, carrier concentration, and sheet resistance values 1960 cm<^>2/V<^>-s, 0.98 x 10<^>13/cm<^>2, and 325 Ω/square, respectively.

6 illus, 4 tables, 7 ref

005798   Bag A;Das P;Ghosh S;Mukhopadhyay P;Dinara S M;Rahul Kumar;Chakraborty A;Biswas D (Advanced Technology Development Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur, Email: dhrubesh@gmail.com) : Fowler-Nordheim tunnelling contribution in AlGaN/GaN on Si (111) Schottky current. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 7-10.

AlGaN/GaN heterojunction with Schottky metal contact can be modelled with two back-to-back diodes. The forward-biased diode between metal and AIGaN barrier acts at the onset of current with positive bias. Fowler- Nordheim tunnelling is mainly responsible for the electron transport at the low positive bias level. Downward energy band bending of AIGaN barrier with further positive voltage reduces the tunnelling probability due to lowering of the barrier height of the first diode, causing a dramatic change in the current.

4 illus, 10 ref

005797   Arunkumar S;Adhavan J;Arunaganesan S; Venkatesh M (School of Mechanical Engineering, SASTRA Univ, Tirumalaisamudram, Thanjavur-613 401, Email: mvenkat@mech.sastra.edu) : Flow regime identification in air-water two phase flows based on acoustic impedence. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(3), 240-3.

Air-water two phase flows have been characterized using acoustic measurement and sound processing. Analysis i-s carried in a mini channel of diameter 1.8 mm. Sound of frequency 21500 Hz is emitted using a sound emitter held over the glass tube. A microphone is kept on the other side of the glass tube and acts as the acoustic electric transducer through which the sound signal is acquired using the microphone and is processed using an open source sound processing software AUDACITY 2.0. Filtering and amplification of sound signal is done using the software to study the two phase flow characteristics. Bubbly, Slug and Annular flow regimes are identified. The method can be used to characterize two phase flows without sophisticated instruments.

5 illus, 10 ref

005796   Arivazhagan P;Faulques E;Bennis F;Baskar K (Crystal Growth Centre, Anna Univ, Chennai-600 025, Email: arivazhaganau2008@gmail.com) : Time-resolved photoluminescence studies on AiGaN double heterostructures. IETE Tech Rev 2016, 33(1), 76-81.

Employing three different active layer widths, aluminium gallium nitride-based double heterostructures have been grown on GaN template by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition. The crystalline quality of the heterostructures has been investigated using high-resolution X-ray diffraction analysis. Optical and decay time studies have been carried out using room-temperature photoluminescence and time-resolved photoluminescence, respectively. The interface recombination velocity (S) between active and barrier layers has been determined.

6 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

005795   Aijo John K;Manju T (Physics Dep, Union Christian College, Aluva, Ernakulam Dist. Kerala, Email: manju.thankamoni@gmail.com) : Preparation of titanium dioxide nanotubes and effect of anodization time on the surface morphology. J advd Res Mfg Mater Sci metall Engng 2016, 3(1-2), 7-10.

Vertically aligned titanium dioxide nanotubes are fabricated by anodization of titanium plates. The anodization is carried out with ammonium fluoride in ethyl ene glycol as the electrolyte. The surface morphology of the as-formed nanotubes were analyzed by using Scanning Electron Microscopy. The effect of anodization time on the morphology of nanotubes is investigated. Nanoporous structures are formed in the initial stages and on prolonged anodization, a clear transformation of nanopores into well separated nanotubes are observed. Excellent nanotubular arrays with an average diameter of 67 nm are obtained by continuous anodization for eight hours.

3 illus, 12 ref

005794   Ahuja A K;Chakka R;Pathak T S (NO, Meerut Institute of Engineering and Technology (MIET), Meerut-250 005, Email: amit123ahuja@gmail.com) : First order correlations in simulated and real digital traffic: Importance, study & analysis. J scient ind Res 2016, 75(3), 159-71.

p-q signals are defined in<^>1,2 as digital signals with first order correlations, they can be generated using parameters p and q. The TTS-MF receiver, developed in<^>1,2, was demonstrated to perform better than the traditional Matched Filter based receiver (STS-MF receiver), in terms of the Bit Error Rate (BER), for positive values of SNR, when the signals are of p-q type. In<^>3, it was demonstrated that the improvement of the TTS-MF receiver over the STS-MF receiver (measured as PRBER), is highly dependent on p + q and the SNR. In this paper, it is demonstrated that practical and statistical digital signals passing through pre-processors and wireless fading channels indeed behave like correlated p-q signals with respect to the applicability of the TTS-MF receiver, with p + q that is quite distant from 1.0. This research thus conclusively lays the required ground and foundation for a new generation of receivers which can deal with practical digital signals, in baseband as well as pass-band communications.

4 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref