000733   Mayilsamy K;Kuppuswamy N;Rudramoorthy R (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Institute of Road and Transport Technology, Erode-638 316, Email: k_mayilsamy@yahoo.com) : Case study on existing petrol car engines design parameters. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 464-9.

New model cars are rolled out with advanced technology to reduce emission, fuel consumption, weight, noise and to "improve the stability of the vehicles. Engine performance is predicted based on cylinder diameter, stroke length, fuel supply, combustion methods, speed and compression ratio. Designing of a new engine is based on experience about the existing engine similarities and performances. In this work, a study was conducted on existing 50 4-cylinder petrol engine car models in India. Information on engine bore, stroke length, cubic capacity, compression ratio, kerb weight, maximum brake power and torque was collected from automobile related sources. Stroke length was observed increase and stroke to bore ratio decrease with increasing bore of the engines. Maximum brake power and torque of engines are proportional to bore of engines. BMEP, brake power per unit volume, brake power per unit piston area, brake power per unit weight tend to rise and piston speed and weight per unit volume tend to decrease with increasing bore for the existing petrol car engines. The results show similarity between existing car engines and give an idea to design new petrol car engines for best performances.

6 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

000732   Maruthi Prasad Y;Shukla A K;Roy A (Central mechanical, Engineering Research Institute, Durgapur-713 209, Email: prasadym@yahoo.com) : Analysis of transient thermal cycling for life assessment of stem turbine rotors. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(7), 536-44.

Transient lemperatures and stresses in the rotor during start-up and shut down cycles were evaluated using finite element analysis. Thermal gradients developed during thermal transients are the key source of stress generation in the rotor. Stress-strain response during thermal transients revealed non-proportional loading at the rotor surface and proportional loading in the rotor. Life assessment methodology of turbine rotors subjected to thermal power plant operating conditions is presented. Predictions from linear damage summation are compared with the results of nondestructive study of an. actual steam turbine rotor.

10 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

000731   Manna P;Behera R;Chakraborty D (Computational Combustion Dynamics Division, Directorate of Computatio, , Kanchanbagh Post, Hyderabad-500 058, Email: debsis_drdl@yahoo.co.in) : Thermochemical exploration of a cavity based supersonic combustor with liquid kerosene fuel. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(4), 246-58.

Thermochemical exploration of a liquid hydrocarbon fueled scramjet combustor is presented. Three dimensional Navier Stokes equations alongwith K-ε turbulence model and single step kerosene-air reaction kinetics are solved using commercial software. Various combustor configurations with different fuel injection cavities are analyzed. Simulations capture all the essential features of the flow field. Good comparisons between computational and experimental surface pressure form the basis for further analysis. Parametric studies have been carried out with different droplet diameters to study its effect in the flow development. The numerical simulation also confirmed the experimental observation that the threshold value of length-to-depth ratio for cavity characterization is different for reacting and non-reacting flows.

16 illus, 3 tables, 26 ref

000730   Mandavgane S A;Pandharipande S L;Subramanian D (NO, Priyadarshini Institute of Engineering and Technoloy, Nagpur-440 019, Email: mandavgane@rediffmail.com) : Modeling of desilication of agro based liquor using artificial neural networks. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(7), 517-21.

Black liquor, obtained from agricultural residues and used as raw material for paper production, contains additional silica, which causes serious processing problems. This shows 'multr layer perceptron (MLP) ANN with GDR based learning have been developed for estimation of silica concentration, lignin concentration, degree of desilication and delignification as a function of pH and lime. ANNs model thus developed with one hidden layer was found to be of good accuracy level, both for training and test data set.

6 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

000729   Malathy R;Subramanian K;Rameshkumar M (Civil Enginering Dep, Perundurai, Erode-638 052, Email: malathycivil@kongu.ae.in) : Effect of glass fibers on restrained plastic shrinkage cracking of HPC with silica fume. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(9), 748-51.

Presents effect of silica fume on plastic shrinkage cracking (PSC) of high performance concrete (HPC). Test 'specimens of fresh concrete were subjected to a simulated hot dry environmental conditions (temp., 45°C & 52°C: relative humidity, 40±5%; wind velocity, 2.8 m/s) immediately after casting. After studying the crack patterns, glass fibers (length 12 mm; diam. 0.014 mm; volume fractions, 0.05-0.3% at increment of 0.05%) were added. In a new technique, fiber reinforced concrete to be tested was laid on top of a fully hardened base concrete, which provides the bottom restraint resulting in cracking in the freshly placed overlay. The effect of mineral admixtures towards the development of PSC and the effectiveness of glass fibers in controlling PSC were studied. It was observed that 0.3% volume fraction fibers are required for 10% silica fume replaced concrete.

4 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

000728   Maheswari V U;Shanmugavel S (ECE Dep, Anna Univ, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Email: prescilla@yahoo.com) : Hybrid concatenated space-time coding over Rayleigh flat fading channel. Int J Syst Cybernetics Inf 2007, (Jul), 78-82.

Two outstanding examples of transmit diversity schemes for the multiple-antenna flat fading channel are space-time block codes (STBC) and space-time trellis codes (STTC). Proposes a concatenation scheme, where some advantages of both STBC and STTC for significant performance improvement is extracted. The use of space-time trellis code as outer code is aimed mainly to improve the power efficiency and the space-time block code as inner code for its reduced complexity. The hybrid concatenation scheme gives an improved coding gain as well as diversity gain compared to a simple space-time code with multiple antennas. The performance of the scheme is demonstrated by simulation results. The achievable performance of the concatenated scheme for 4PSK modulation with varying trellis states is studied along with the performance of (STT) codes and (STB) codes in the context of schemes having an effective throughput of 2 bits/symbol (BPS) and 3BPS. It is shown that the concatenated space-time coding outperforms space-time block coding and space-time trellis coding under the same spectral efficiency, trellis complexity and signal constellation.

6 illus, 1 table

000727   Maheshwari P;Basudhar P K;Chandra S (Civil Engg Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Rorkee-247 667, Email: priti_mahesh2001@yahoo.com) : Response of beams on geosynthetic reinforced earth beds subjected to uniform loading. Indian Geotech J 2008, 38(1), 21-32.

9 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

000726   Madan M M (Region IV, National Hydroelectric Power Corporation Ltd, , Chandigarh) : Construction of Dhauliganga H.E. project, stage-I (280 MW) in Uttranchal-some aspects. Indian J Pwr River Valley Dev 2007, 57(7-8), 167-70.

Dhauliganga hydroelectric project envisages the construction of 56m high concrete face rock fill dam (CFRD) near Chirkila village across Dhauliganga river in the state of Uttranchal. The water thus impounded, is being diverted through a water conductor system comprising twin underground desilting basins and one 5.4km long headrace tunnel having a finished diameter of 6.5m horse shoe shape. A 95m deep surge shaft is located at the D/S end of HRT alongwith two 250m deep vertical pressure shafts. The underground power station near Elagad has an installed capacity of 280 MW (4 x 70 MW) generating 1134 million kWh per year with a dependability of 90%. The tail water is being discharged in Elagad Nallah near its confluence with river Kali through a 450m long tailrace tunnel. Power evacuation is through 300 km long 220kV double circuit transmission line from Elagad to Bareilly. The updated cost of the project is Rs. 1578.31 crores as approved by Government of India. The challenging project was completed in a period of 5 years despite heavy odds and many lessons were learnt during execution of the project. The paper briefly describes the project and the problems encountered and measures taken to overcome the problems.

5 illus

000725   Lin G C;Lin H D (Industrial and Manufacturing Engineering and Technology Dep, Bradely Univ, 1501, West Bradley Avenue, Peoria, IL 61625, USA, Email: hdlin@cyut.edu.tw) : Determining a production run time for an imperfect production-inventory system with scrap. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(9), 724-35.

A production-inventory model is proposed for a manufacturing process used to produce a single product in batches to rneet a deterministic demand. The process is assumed to be in-control at the start of a production run. Then, the process may shift to an out-of-control state at a random point in time, and a fixed portion of items produced is defective. These defective items cannot be repaired or reworked and must be scrapped with an additional cost. Models are proposed to deal with situations regarding whether and when a screening process is implemented. The objective is to determine an optimal production run time that minimizes expected (long-run) average cost per unit of time including setup, production, inventory holding, screening, and defective costs. A numerical approach is developed for finding an optimal solution. A closed-formsolution, which is derived based on an approximation to an exponential function, is also given.

4 illus, 3 tables, 2 ref

000724   Koca A;Bayrakceken H;Altiparmak D (Mechanical Education Dep, Technical Education Faculty, Gazi Univ, 06503, Teknikokullar, Ankara, Turkey, Email: beeken@aku.edu.tr) : Determination of brake force using artificial neural network. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 425-30.

Brake forces for different conditions have been used to create an artificial neural network (ANN) model. A mathematical formulation is obtained by considering effective factors of brake force (slip, tread depth, road surface, turn angle, (read profile, tire pressure and Toe of the wheel). There is a good agreement between experimental data and ANN model. The best approach with minimum errors is performed using LM algorithm with 4 neurons on hidden layers. Statistical coefficientof multiple determinations (R²- value) is obtained as 0.999699 for training data and 0,999178 for testing data.

7 illus, 3 tables, 1 ref

000723   Karaipekli A;Sari A (Chemistry Dep, Gaziosmanpasa Univ, 60240, Tokat, Turkey, Email: asari@gop.edu.tr) : Capric acid and palmitic acid eutectic mixture applied in buiding wallboard for latent heat thermal energy storage. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 470-6.

Preparation of the phase change gypsum wallboard as novel phase change wallboard (PCW) incorporating with the eutectic mixture of capric acid (CA) and palmitic acid (PA) for latent heat thermal energy storage; (2) determination of thermal properties and thermal reliability of prepared PCW using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) technique; and (3) estimation of thermal performance of PCW by preparing a simple test cell. Maximum CA/PA eutectic mixture as phase change material absorbed in PCW was about 25 wt% of total weight. No leakage of the mixture from PCW was observed after 5000 thermal cycling. The melting and freezing temperatures and latent heats of PCW were measured as 22.94 and 21.66°C, 42.54 and 42.18 J/g, respectively by DSC analysis. These properties make it functional as TES medium, which can be applied to peak load shifting, improved use of waste heat and solar energy as well as more efficient operation of heating and cooling equipment. In addition, PCW has good thermal reliability in terms of the changes in its thermal properties after accelerated 1000, 2000, 3000, 4000, and 5000 thermal cycling. Use of such PCW can decrease indoor air fluctuation and have the function of keeping warmth to improve indoor thermal comfort due to absorption of heat in conjunction with melting of the eutectic mixture.

6 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

000722   Kanade V;Kamat S M;Jayalekshmi B R;Badari Narayana K;Gajbir Singh (NO, , Wsatkims, Victor House, Third Floor, Gandhi Nagar, Bangalore-560 009) : Improved dynamic condensation approach. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(4), 259-71.

It is difficult to determine natural frequencies and modal shapes of a Dynamic system having large number of degrees of freedom (DOF) and, in addition, expensive. It is always desirable to reduce the DOF of the system. Of various methods Guyan's condensation and Component modal analysis are quite popular for reducing the problem size. The present work deals with Guyan's approach and improvements in its basic form to suit for dynamic problems. The Guyan's Reduction method ignores the mass in calculating the transformation matrix, hence for dynamic problems its accuracy is usually low. This problem is overcome, by adopting an iterative technique in which the inertia terms are improved by a linearization process. Another important aspect in the implementation of a condensation procedure is the selection of the primary and slave DOF. In the present work, a two step approach is attempted wherein, .first, a primary DOF set is selected on the basis of energy method or Ritz vectors and later, the inertial contribution of the transformation matrix is improved through an iterative procedure. The effectiveness of the proposed method is illustrated with two examples.

10 illus, 5 tables, 14 ref

000721   Kamali C;Raol J R;Pashilkar A A (Flight Mechanics and Control Division, National Aerospace Laboratories, Post Box No. 1779, Bangalore-560 017, Email: ckamali@css.nal.res.in) : Implementation of real-time parameter estimation in labview and DSP. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(4), 272-81.

Presents the results of real time aircraft parameter estimation technology in an aircraft real time simulator. The equation error Recursive Least Squares (RLS) method is used for performing the parameter estimation. The RLS technique is successfully adapted for on-line parameter estimation by a novel methodology that will work when measurements of state derivatives are not available. Subsequently, the algorithm is implemented in Lab VIEW and in digital signal processor (DSP) hardware to demonstrate its suitability for further implementation at flight test centers and for on-board parameter estimation for aircraft.

9 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

000720   Kakati S;Mahanta P;Kakoty S K (Centre for Energy. Mechanical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technolofy Guwahati, Guwahati-781 039, Email: swapnita@iitg.ernet.in) : Performance analysis of pressurized kerosene stove with porous medium inserts. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(7), 565-9.

Performance evaluation has been carried out of BIS high-pressure kerosene stove incorporating porous medium technology (PMT) in conventional burners. Burners with and without porous material were used for the study in terms of thermal efficiency, kerosene consumption rate and emission. Overall fuel saving was found to be 103 g/h (34%) with increase (10-11%) in thermal efficiency. Similarly, emission factors for pollutants CO (% vol), HC (ppm)and NOx (ppm) were controlled in the range of 32%, 15% and 83% respectively with PMT. Flames stabilized within the port of porous structure due to internal heat feedback of burned gases to unburned gases by radiation and conduction. Such flames produce higher burning velocity and leaner flammability condition and contributes to low NO_x formation. Thus, PMT may be useful in terms of fuel economy and environmental compatibility.

7 illus, 4 tables, 22 ref

000719   Joshi A;Sivan K;Savithri Amma (Aerospace Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, Email: ashok@aero.iitb.ac.in) : Analytical sensitivity based guidance algorithm for reusable launch vehicles. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(3), 166-84.

The study is aimed at the development of an accurate and robust reentry guidance strategy for Reusable Launch Vehicles (RLVs), based on onboard trajectory planning and by using the concept of analytical sensitivities. The onboard planning algorithm generates a feasible trajectory from any reentry interface to specific target location, while satisfying all the path constraints, prior to the start of the reentry. For this purpose, the optimal control problem of reentry guidance is converted into an equivalent targeting problem in Nonlinear Programming and a simple solution methodology is devised to generate the three-dimensional trajectory. The profile tracking algorithm is developed based on the well known Linear Quadratic Regulator technique. In this strategy, equations of motion are described in polar coordinates and a direct analytical method for computation of sensitivity matrix elements is used, which ensures better mission planning and faster convergence. An additional feature of the proposed algorithm is the inclusion of an integral term in control law, which tracks the trajectory without a need for instantaneous bank reversals, even with a dispersed environment. The performance results establish adequacy and usefulness of the algorithm.

23 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

000718   Jin B;Teng H F (Computer Science Engineering Dep, School of Mechanical Engineering, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian-116 024, Email: tenghf@dlut.edu.cn) : Case-based evolutionary design approach for satelite module layout. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(12), 989-94.

A case retrieval algorithm has been developed for reuse of previous stored design solutions and to optimize layout of satellite module using prior knowledge and evolutionary approach. Case-based approach has been found more powerful than a non-case used evolutionary computation. A prototypical of a 2-D layout design of a satellite was used to show effectiveness and efficiency of this approach.

3 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

000717   Jayashankar L;Syama Sundar B;Arun Kumar R; Suman Kumar V;Sarma J A R P (Chemistry Dep, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Guntur) : Analog based studies on human leukocyte elastase inhibitors to design novel lead compounds for the treatment of COPD. Int J Syst Cybernetics Inf 2007, (Jul), 52-62.

Human leukocyte elastase is a serine protease that is released from leukocytes upon inflammatory stimulus. HLE is thought to aid in the migration of neutrophils to extra vascular compartments through degradation of a number of structural proteins including elastin. Normally this enzyme is kept in check by indigenous inhibitors, most notably alpha-1 proteinase. However alpha-1 pl may be damaged by cigarette smoking, or because of genetic defect, produced in insufficient quantities, in either case, balance between HLE and alpha -1 pl is upset which can lead to tissue damage which manifests itself in diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases, asthma, emphysema, cystic fibrosis, and adult respiratory distress syndrome. Consequently there has been concerted effort to develop low molecular weight inhibitors of HLE to treat these disease states. Authors have performed Pharmacophore and 3D-QSAR studies for developing novel HLE inhibitors using the Catalyst 4.7 and Cerius2 program suite. QSAR equations has been generated for 58 HLE inhibitors employing Molecular Field Analysis (MFA) as well as Receptor surface Analysis (RSA) using Genetic function approximation (GFA) as regression method. The best equations with training set consisting 40 molecules, produced r2 value of 0.845 and r2cv value of 0.839 in MFA-model and r2 value of 0.880 & r2cv of 0.856 in the RSA-model. For the 18 test set molecules predicted activities have correlation of 0.845 and 0.880 for MFA and RSA with observed activities.

2 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref

000716   Jayanthi V S;Shanmugam A (ECE Dep, Sri Ramakrishna Engineering College, Coimbatore-22, Email: vsj1965@gmail.com) : Image compression using memetic algorithm based vector quantizer. Int J Syst Cybernetics Inf 2007, (Jul), 73-82.

Vector quantization (VQ) is widely exploited for many applications especially in the fields of computer graphics and image processing. In VQ, minimization of Mean Square Error (MSE) between code book vectors and training vectors is a non-linear problem. Traditional LBG types of algorithms used for designing the codebooks for Vector Quantizer converge to a local minimum, which depends on the initial code book. Memetic algorithms (MAs) are population-based meta-heuristic search approaches that have been receiving increasing attention in the recent years. These algorithms are inspired by models of natural systems that combine the evolutionary adaptation of a population with individual learning within the lifetimes of its members. It has shown to be successful and popular for solving optimization problems. Presents a new approach to vector quantization based on memetic algorithm. Simulations indicate that vector quantization based on memetic algorithm has better performance in designing the optimal codebook for Vector Quantizer than conventional LBG algorithm. The Peak Signal to Noise Ratio (PSNR) is used as an objective measure of reconstructed image quality.

3 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

000715   Jambulingam M;Karthikeyan S;Sivakumar P; Kiruthika J;Maiyalagan T (PG & Research Department of Chemistry, PSG CAS, Coimbatore, Email: jambupsggas@rediffmail.com) : Characteristic studies of some activated carbons from agricultural wastes. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 495-500.

Agricultural wastes like tobacco stem, bulrush Scirpus acutits stem, Leucaena leucocephala shell, Ceibapentandra shell, Pongamia pinnata shell have been explored for the preparation of activated carbon. Characterization studies such as bulk density, moisture, ash, fixed carbon, matter soluble in water, matter soluble in acid, pH, decolourising power, phenol number, ion exchange capacity, iron content and surface area have been carried out to assess the suitability of these carbons as absorbents in water and wastewater. Adsorbents both organics and inorganics. The recovery of valuable adsorbents from readily and cheaply available agriculture wastes.

1 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref

000714   Jagadeesh Balaji R;Senthil Kumar K;Shanmugam J (Avionics Div, Electronics Engineering Dep, Chennai-600 044, Email: jagadeesh_balaji@yahoo.com) : Development and tuning of a nonlinear six DOF model and controllers for a large UAV. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(3), 185-95.

Presents development of non-linear six-degree-of-freedom model for a large UAV and simulation of its dynamics during its landing phase. A non-linear six-degree-of-freedom aircraft model was developed using the block available in the Aerosim Aeronautical Simulation Blockset in MATLAB / SIMULINK environment. The aircraft parameter data for a large UA V was taken. The developed model could be used for simulating the dynamics of the UA V with single piston engine and fixed pitch propeller. The following controllers were tuned using the above model to simulate its landing phase. Bank to Aileron', 'Airspeed error to Pitch command', 'Pitch error to Elevator deflection', 'Engine rpm error to Throttle'. The first approach was by conventional techniques using PI and PID controllers. In the next stage fuzzy logic controllers were designed for the above cases. All fuzzy controllers were designed using Mamdani inference system.

11 illus, 6 ref

000713   Gunasekaran M;Robinson R G (Civil Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036, Email: gunasekaran.iitm@gmail.com) : On-sample measurement of strains in triaxial samples using strain gauges. Indian Geotech J 2008, 38(1), 33-48.

A new technique is proposed to measure the strains in triaxial samples using strain gauges. The stress-strain curves obtained by vacuum confinement technique are practically the same as those obtained by conventional cell pressure application for both sand and clay under different drainage conditions. As the sample under vacuum confinement is free to access, any sort of on-sample instrumentation can be made. Strain gauges were mounted on the sample for measuring the axial strains. Comparison with the on-sample strain measurement using the sophisticated state-of-the-art on-sample LVDT proves the validity of the proposed technique. The limitation of the proposed method is that an effective confining stress of only 100 kPa can be achieved by the vacuum confinement. Therefore, the method is suitable for practical situations where the effective overburden pressure in the ground is less than 100 kPa.

10 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

000712   Gowd K P;Sahu J (Head Quarter SWAC, Indian Air Force, Sector-09, Gandhinagar-382 009) : Aerodynamic body shaping method for a stealth fighter aircraft. J Aerospace Sci Technol 2007, 59(3), 208-11.

3 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

000711   Govindasamy P;Dhandapani S (NO, Kongu Engineering College, Erode-638 052, Email: pgsamy@gmail.com) : Performance and emissions achievements by magnetic energizer with a single cylinder two stroke catalytic coated spark ignition engine. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 457-63.

The work conducted on a zirconia (catalyst) activated two-stroke spark ignited engine to investigate the effect of high gauss magnetic energy on cyclic variation of combustion parameters. A 9000 gauss magnet, made up of Neodymium-Iron-Boron, is fixed on fuel line before carburetor. The coating is carried out by thermal evaporation technique on the inside surface of combustion chamber walls and piston crown. In-cylinder pressures were recorded for 500 continuous cycles using a piezo electric pressure pickup and PC based data acquisition system. Magnetic flux activates preflame reaction and shortens combustion duration. Cyclic variation of combustion parameters due to magnetic energy were 25.1% less than the base engine and mean value of the peak pressures were found to have upper shift of 13.6%. Magnetically energized zirconia coated engine performed better than the base engine during running.

12 illus, 2 tables, 42 ref

000710   Gopal Madabhushi S P;Chandrasekaran V S (Civil Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Bombay, Email: mspg1@eng.cam.ac.uk) : Centrifuge testing of a sheet pile wall with clay backfill. Indian Geotech J 2008, 38(1), 1-20.

17 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

000709   Gole S V;Gupta M;Agrawal K N (Industrial Engineering Dep, Ramdeobaba K. N. Engineering College, Nagpur, Email: svgole_ngp@sancharnet.in) : System for power plant performance evaluation. Indian J Pwr River Valley Dev 2007, 57(5-6), 142-7.

Presents an approach to develop a system to evaluate the performance of a power plant. In this energy conscious era, power generation, distribution and consumption need to be given serious attention so as to determine the opportunities of power saving or trouble shooting areas where energy is lost. However, to achieve this, a user-friendly system to evaluate power plant performance is necessary. Power plant performance evaluation is a tedious job since it involves steam table, psychrometric chart and various other charts provided by manufacturers of power plant components. An exhaustive system exists for measuring performance of boiler, turbine, hp-heaters, air-heater, economizer, condenser, cooling-tower, coal-mill and electrostatic precipitator (ESP) is developed. However presents a system for performance evaluation of boiler and turbine generator systems of power plant.

6 illus, 8 ref

000708   Gokdag M;Hasiloglu A S;Karsli N;Atalay A; Akbas A (Civil Engineering Dep, Ataturk Univ 25240-Erzurum, Turkey, Email: asamet@atauni.edu.tr) : Modeling of vehicle delays at signalized intersection with an adaptive neuro-fuzzy (ANFIS). J scient ind Res 2007, 66(9), 736-40.

An adaptive neuro-fuzzy inference based delay estimation system is proposed. The system is compared with other delay estimation models, and tested through simulation and observation values. Rules, fuzzification and inference are modeled by neuro-fuzzy. Hybrid algorithm has been used for training and tests. The rule base of the delay estimation system is constructed either following a mathematical model or from real-time traffic operational data. As shown that adaptive neuro-fuzzy technique, a method to predict vehicle delays at signalized junctions, can be successfully applied to modeling of traffic systems.

3 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

000707   Fertelli A;Buyruk E (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Cumhuriyet Univ, 58140, Sivas, Turkey, Email: buyruk@cumhuriyet.edu.tr) : Numerical analysis of heat transfer characteristics for deposit formation shapes around single cylinder. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(7), 528-35.

Fouling effect on heat transfer around a cylinder in cross-flow was investigated numerically by ANSYS software programme using finite element method, Calculations were made with variable local heat transfer coefficients, consiant free-stream temperature and constant clean tube surface temperature. Heat transfer rates were presented for different cases with temperature field. Deposit thickness formed around the cylinder was fixed as follows: i) Non-uniform thickness of fouling shape was calculated with homogenous condition: ii) Non-uniform and non-homogenous fouling shape was considered: and iii) Effect of eccentricity was calculated for non-uniform and non-homogeneous cases. Numerical predictions were made as temperature contours through thickness of fouling and Q_foul/ Q_clean was plotted against the position of fouling.

8 illus, 13 ref

000706   Erdem B;Duran Z (Mining Engineering Dep, Cumhuriyet Univ, 58140, Sivas Turkey, Email: bulent@cumhuriyet.edu.tr) : A model for extended bench casting in dipping coal seam. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 435-43.

Deals with extended bench casting with draglines in surface coalmines. A computer model, developed for Trane) design, covers three fundamental operating modes: i) level casting for flat-lying coal seam; ii) downhill casting; and iii) uphill casting for inclined coal seam conditions. Influence of pit width on critical pit dimensions such as cut length, dragline reach on key cut and main cut positions, swing angles on key cut and main cut positions and rehandle percentage is critically studied. The model is equipped with a device to determine total number of points within a cut on which dragline is placed. With another module, walking pattern of dragline between adjacent cuts is decided. The model indicates that coal seam inclination significantly influences dragline productivity. All things being equal, the uphill operation mode demands larger dragline dimensions. Extended bench construction in uphill casting is easier and faster as less material is required. Besides, dragline operates on a safe bench. As coal seam gets inclined, a large dragline may switch from extended benching in downhill mode to direct casting owing to the room available for spoil piles increases with coal seam inclination. However, a small dragline would likely fail to operate in downhill mode as the size of the extended bench would expand faster than the waste available in the cut. Besides, dragline would not be adversely affected by failures occurring in spoil piles. It has been observed that in extended benching practice with an inclined coal seam downhill casting should beconsidered first.

8 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

000705   Dutt D;Garg A P;Tyagi C H;Upadhyay A K (NO, IIT Roorkee, Saharanpur-247 001, Email: dharm_dutt@yahoomail.com) : Bio-delignification of lignocarbohydrates residues of Cymbopogon martini with Phanerochaete chrysosporium. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(6), 483-9.

Cymbopogon martini, palma rosa grass, is cultivated for important palma'rosa oil. Lignocarbohydrates residue (LCR) of C. martini left after steam distillation could successfully be used for the production of chemical grade pulp. C martini had low lignin and more open and looser structure, which makes il suitable for biopulping. Openness of pile, heterogeneity of tissues and vast exposed surface area favor growth and colonization of LCR of C. martini by a multitude of microorganisms. Phancmcliaete chrvsospiiriiini was grown in solid-slate culture on LCR of C. martini. The growth of fungus on wheat bran as source of hemicellulose shows good enzyme activity. Wheat bran, a cheaper substrate, shows its commercial viability. LCR had 13.6% lignin. 74.4% holocellulose and a pemosan fraction of 25.4%. After 28 days at 40 °C, P. chrysosporiwn produced a residue from LCR of C. martini with a higher in vitro dry matter digestibility. P. chrvsoxporhini degraded 30.11 % of lignin, 62.25% of pentosan and 18.60% of holocellulose of the original value of LCR of C martini.

4 illus, 4 tables, 31 ref

000704   Datta T;Managaraj B B;Saha Mishra Iti (Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata-700 032) : A new optimization technique in the application of antenna problem:bacteria foraging algorithm. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 44-8.

Proposes an approach involving Bacterial Foraging (BF) to optimize the location of thin dipole antennas in the three-dimensional space for maximum radiation at any desired direction specified by angles with the azimuthal and vertical planes. This method is very much useful for any type of antenna problem to be optimized.

2 illus, 7 ref

000703   Datta T;Ghosh A;Das S;Nandy A;Mishra A N; Sarkar S K (NO, Institute of Engineering and Management, Saltlake, West Bengal, Email: sksarkar@etce.jdvu.ac.in) : Realization of a RFID system and to study the channel effects on its performance. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 49-55.

Radio Frequency Identification and Detection is a flexible wireless communication technology that is convenient and well suited for automatic operation. This technology of object identification provides some distinct advantages not avail with other identification scheme. RFID can work under variety of environment conditions and ensures data integrity. The environment basically incorporate noises, multipath fading etc. chaos can exhibit almost real environment. Hence, to create almost real environment using Chaos and will study their effects on RFID system performance.

8 illus, 7 ref

000702   Datta T (Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering, Jadavpur Univ, Jadavpur, Email: data_tanumay@rediffmail.com ) : Radio frequency identification: a tutorial. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 63-70.

Covers different aspects of Radio Frequency Identification (RFID). The technology along with its application and current problems are discussed here in tutorial basis.

4 illus, 16 ref

000701   Datta S K;Sidharthan P;Raja Ramana Rao P; Reddy S U M (Microwave Tube Research & Development Centre, DRDO, , Bangalore-560 013, Email: drskdatta@gmail.com) : A simple analysis of backward-wave oscillation criterion for helix travelling-wave tubes. Asian J Phys 2008, 17(2), 307-12.

A closed-form expression for backward-wave oscillation criterion in a helix travelling-wave tube was developed by a way of curve-fitting to standard published results of Johnson, which allows one to dispense with a lengthy and cumbersome iterative analysis otherwise in vogue. The analysis allows one to directly use the phase-velocity and interaction impedance values obtainable from eigen-mode analysis of the helical slow-wave structures through three-dimensional modeling in HFSS, MAFIA or CST Microwave Studio. Eigen-mode analysis is the state-of-the-art methodology for computation of dispersion and interaction impedance characteristics that are used as input for design simulation. However, the eigen-mode analysis provides field solutions only for the forward-fundamental space-harmonic mode of propagation, and not able to provide one with the backward-wave space-harmonic field-solutions that are required to analyze the limiting parameters for stabilizing the device against backward-wave oscillation. Propose a simple analytical approach to compute the backward-wave interaction impedance from the forward-fundamental space-harmonic solutions obtainable from the eigen-mode analysis.

5 illus, 10 ref

000700   Dalela C;Dalela P K;Chandra D (JSSATE, , Sector-62, Noida-201 301, Email: chhaya1974@rediffmail.com) : OFDM based QOS and capacity enhancement for mobile networks. Asian J Phys 2008, 17(2), 285-8.

The legacy cellular communication networks are not designed to support today's growth of mobile subscribers along with increase in variety of services. A new approach has been suggested to overcome bottleneck of traditional slow and limited bandwidth links of networks by providing faster and bandwidth efficient Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) based fixed wireless communication links, which is seamless to end mobile users. This approach will increase capacity and Quality of Service (QOS) of existing mobile networks. Implication of effective Radio Resource Management (RRM) with new hand off algorithm is presented here. The target is achieved with channel characterization with the help of continuous channel equalization. The simulation results of this approach has been shown using MATLAB 6.5.

7 illus, 8 ref

000699   Daghbandan A;Najar R;Haghi A K (NO, Guilan Univ, P O Box 3756, Rasht, Iran, Email: ghaghi@guilan.ac.ir) : New computational method for microwave drying of potato slabs. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(12), 1041-6.

Experiments and generalized mathematical models have been used to evaluate impact of heat and mass transfer mode on microwave drying of potato. Evolution of temperature, moisture content as well as overall drying kinetics have been discussed with various internal and external physical parameters. New computational method can be used as a tool for microwave drying of potato slabs more efficiently.

3 illus, 4 tables, 22 ref

000698   Colak I;Kosalay I;Inan A (Electrical Education Dep, Faculty of technical Education, Gazi Univ, 06500 Besevler, Ankara, Turkey, Email: icolak@gazi.edu.tr) : Estimation of magnetic field distributions in substation centers using artifical neural networks. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(10), 819-27.

Magnetic fields at different operation conditions, in and out of the measurement points, were estimated and visualized bythe developed visual software, which has 3D screening unit, based on artificial neural networks and grid data. Software enables users to estimate electromagnetic field distributions in and out of the measurement points.

7 illus, 1 table, 51 ref

000697   Chatterjee D (Commerce Dep, Netaji Nagar Day College, Netaji Nagar) : Importance of RFID in inventory management. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 56-62.

Provides a general introduction to Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) technology and discusses is made on the some application of RFID in inventory management and cost control.

2 ref 

000696   Chakraborty S (NO, RFID Centre of Excellence, TCS, Email: sukumar.chakraborty@tcs.com) : Active RFID-technology and applications. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 17-25.

RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) is not a new name in the industry, any more. RFID in its very basic from can be broadly classified into two categories, Passive RFID and Active RFID. While the passive tags extract its required energy from the signal transmitted from the reader, the active tags have their own power source for operation. This basic difference gives rise to some fundamental differences in technical as well as behavioural properties. Although active tags are costlier and also they are heavier, still there are problems which can be solved with active RFID, only. So active RFID, only. So active RFID is becoming more and popular, and the global spending towards active RFID is also showing a healthy gradient upwards. Talks about the major differences between passive and active RFID systems, and presents a survey of applications where active RFID is being used or can be used, successfully.

5 illus, 2 tables

000695   Brunner W G (Bauer Machinen GmbH, , Germany) : First cut-off wall in the Indian Himalayas for the dam of Dhauliganga hydroelectric project. Indian J Pwr River Valley Dev 2007, 57(7-8), 171-5.

In the far north of Uttaranchal in the Indian Himalayas, the 280 MW Dhauliganga hydroelectric power plant is under construction by National Hydroelectric Power Corporation (NHPC). This project sets out to develop the lower section of the mountain cascade of the Dhauliganga river, a tributary of the Sarda river, with a 311 m gross head. The 1360 km^{2 mountainous catchment area is bounded in the north-east by the Chinese border and in the south-east by the Nepalese border. The dam project is located in a remote area north of the principal town of Darchula of the upper Sarda valley, which is one of the seismically most active regions of India. The 56 m high rockfill dam is the first of its kind in India, is faced with concrete and has a 1 m thick, at its crown 270 m long and over 70 m deep cut-off wall of plastic concrete below its toe. The cut-off wall, with a total area of 7500 m2, is constructed by a combination of Bauer hydraulic grabs, assisted by chisels and a Bauer BC40 cutter which enables the overlapping joint system, guarantees optimum vertically and enables the cut-off to be keyed into the bedrock formation.}

11 illus

000694   Brahma P K (NO, C.E.O. Valency Compounds Services Pvt.Ltd, ) : Welding of tools & dies. Indian Weld J 2007, 40(2), 32-6.

6 illus, 3 tables

000693   Bose A (NO, MCKV Institute of Engineering, , Email: avi_bose@yahoo.com) : RFID technology in intranet security. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 31-4.

Intranet security is now a days playing a key role in the total networking scenario. What basically is of important in the Intranet security is the Intrusion Detection system. Now how to actually use RFID Technology in Intrusion Detection is of prima-facie concern in this paper. Work has been carried out till date about RFID network security but postulate a model which will use RFID Technology in Intrusion Detection.

5 illus, 4 ref

000692   Banerjee P;Dutta D (ECE Dep, Techon India, Salt Lake, Kolkata, Email: rabir.banerjee@gmail.com) : RFID range and the type of diode in TAG detector circuit-in search of a relationship. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2007, (20 Nov), 35-43.

Engineering inductive ID systems calls for an ability to calculate reading ranges for various combinations of readers, reader antennas, and tags. Also the risk of interference from external radio signals or from other readers in a system needs to be assessed. Such calculations can also be used for comparison of the system properties for different values of system parameters. Find the weaknesses of ID systems and suggests some methods to improve RFID ranee.

1 illus, 4 ref

000691   Balusamy T;Marappan R (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Government College of Engineering, Salem-636 011, Email: balusamyt@rediffmail.com) : Performance evalution of direct injection diesel engine with blends of Thevetia peruviana seed oil and diesel. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(12), 1035-40.

Methyl easter of Thevetia seed oil (TPSO), blended with diesel, has been tried in naturally aspirated single cylinder diesel engine at rated speed of 500 rpm. The performance and emission parameters like, brake thermal efficiency, brake specific fuel consumption, CO, HC, NO_x, CO₂, O₂, smoke and exhaust gas temperatures are measured, analyzed and compared with that of diesel. Engine performance with TPSO has been found comparable to that of diesel and CO, HC emissions are less but NO_x and smoke are slightly higher than that of diesel.

3 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

000690   Bal S (NO, , B 17, NIT Campus, Rourkela-769 008, Email: smrutisikha_bal@yahoo.com) : Influence of dispersion states of carbon nanotubes on mechanical and electrical properties of epoxy nanocomposites. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(9), 752-6.

Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs)/ epoxy resin composites have been fabricate content (0.2%) of MWCNTs in the cpoxy matrix using ethanol. To analyze dispersion of CNTs opt ical microscope is used. Further ductile nanocomposites (NCs) are prepared by setting samples at low temperature. With a little wt% of CNTs, composite samples yield higher mechanical and electrical properties than pure resin samples. Improvement in flexurel modulus and electrical conductivity are observed in NCs containing well dispersed CNTs than the ones with poorly d.spersed CNTs, Lower values are due to inhomogeneous dispersion of nanotubes in polymer matrix. Moreover, ductile samples having better dispersion state exhibit significant improvement in mechanical and electrical properties.

5 illus, 18 ref

000689   Azadeh A;Ghaderi F;Anvari M;Izadbaksh H; Dehghan S (Industrial Engineering Dep, Research Institute of Energy Management and Planning, Faculty of Engin, PO Box 11365-4563, Tehran Univ, Iran, Email: aazadeh@ut.ac.ir) : Performance assessment and optimization of thermal power plants by DEA BCC and multivariate analysis. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(10), 860-72.

Integrated Data Envelopemenl Analysis (DEA) methodology using Banker Charnes Cooper (BCC) input oriented model tor assessment and optimization of conventional thermal power plants (gas, steam and combined cycles). Installed capacity, fuel consumption, labor cost, internal power, forced outage hours and operating hours are used as input parameters whereas total power generation is used as output parameter. Moreover, 40 power plants in Iran were used as decision-making units and DEA-BCC model was used to assess their efficiency and rank during 1997-2000. Principal Component Analysis (PCA) and Numerical Taxonomy (NT) together with Spearman correlation technique were used to verify and validate the findings of DEA-BCC approach. In addition, all regional power plants have been ranked, assessed and optimized in comparison with all thermal power plants.

2 illus, 7 tables, 35 ref

000688   Asha B;Nehru Kumar V (Civil Engineering Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002) : Effect of hydraulic retention time for treating distillery effluent in diphasic anaerobic digester. J Ind Pollut Control 2007, 23(1), 25-30.

Diphasic anaerobic digesters have inherent advantages of exclusive process controls on the growth of microorganisms independently in acidogenic and methonogenic phases. A laboratory model of 15.0L effective volume with 2.5L of acidogenic reactor and 13.5L of methonogenic reactor was used to evaluate the treatability of distillery wastewater stream. The model was run for varying concentrations of COD and influent rates to study the effect of hydraulic retention time in reducing the COD into unharmful end products. The COD removal efficiency is found to vary from 17.67 to 26.19 % for the acidogenic reactor under the varying HRT of 0.96 to 2.89 days and 59.51 to 77.42% with varying HRT conditions from5.21 to 15.63 days for the methanogenic reactor. The overall COD removal of the system is observed at an efficiency of 82.30% for the system HRT of 18.52 days.

7 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

000687   Akpinar E K;Bicer Y (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Firat Univ, 23279, Elazig, Turkey, Email: ebruakpinar@firat.edu.tr) : Modelling of thin layer drying kinetics of sour cherry in a solar dryer and under open sun. J scient ind Res 2007, 66(9), 764-71.

Drying kinetics of sour cheery is investigated in solar dryer with forced convection and under open Sun with natural convection. Drying data were fitted to different mathematical models, whose performance was investigated by comparing coefficient (R). reduced chi-square (C²₅) and root mean square error (RMSE) between the observed and predicted moisture ratios. Among these models, drying model developed by Midilli and Kucuk model showed good agreement with the data obtained from the experiments in the solar dryer with forced convection drying mode. Logarithmic model has shown a better fit to the experimental sour cherries data for open sun drying with natural convection mode than the other models.

7 illus, 3 tables, 22 ref

000686   Agrawal A K;Raina S;Rajkumar;Kamath S (Microwave Tube Research & Development Centre, DRDO, , Bangalore-560 013, Email: agrawal_ak2000@yahoo.com) : Simulation of resonant meander-line attenuators for high-power helix traveling-wave tubes. Asian J Phys 2008, 17(2), 279-84.

A lossy meander-line, coated on dielectric helix-support rods, that provides resonant attenuation for high power traveling-live tubes was simulated by 3D modeling in HFSS (high frequency structure simulator) and the results validated against experiment with respect to the resonant frequency. The electric fields that are concentrated near the meander-line placed between the helix turns provided an effective attenuation at the resonant frequency. The helix dimensions and the meander-line dimensions significantly controlled the attenuation and the resonant frequencies, respectively.

5 illus, 1 table, 6 ref