007033   Narwade P A;Shah C R;Mhaske P Y (NO, , ) : Experimental determination of tire stiffness using nitrogen. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 13-19.

Vehicle stability generally depends on the tire forces and torque at wheel. Forces and reactions generated at tire play major role in the control of vehicle. On application of torque to the wheel, due to contact friction between road, tire pushes on the ground and moves forward and backward. Tire also supports the load of vehicle and deforms under load for the flexibility and damping. The stiffness of fluid in tire is the important parameter for tire stability and effectiveness. Inflation pressure in tire decides the stiffness and damping in the tire. The objective of this paper is to discuss the experimental results of tire stiffness with air and nitrogen. Tire stiffness of Tata Nano car with size P135/70R12 is tested on test rig for air and nitrogen and compared for various loads. Primarily load deflection simulation of Tire is done on Ansys software and validated with experimental result for air and then other tests are performed. Optimized tire stiffness is obtained for minimum amplitude of vibration.

ref

007032   Narayana G V;Rao G V S K (Electrical Engineering Dep, Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam) : Revisiting power flow tracing for large scale systems. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 28-35.

Power flow tracing is used to find the allocation of generators and loads in the line flows and generator contribution in loads and load contribution in generators. Due to multiplicity of solutions, recently optimal power flow tracing methods have been proposed. However, the size of optimization problem increases drastically with size of the system. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a symbolic reduction step wherein variables which will be set to zero at optimal are identified a priori by a graph theoretic analysis. This leads to reduce number of variables in the LP problem. Further, the reduced problem can be solved efficiently by sparse LP method. Results on large 488 node Indian utility system illustrate the necessity of proposed approach.

7 illus, 5 tables, 9 ref

007031   Murty D V R (NO, , ) : Two-dimensional finite element analysis of bolted flanged joints. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 60-5.

A 2D axisymmetric finite element analysis of flanges has been carried out using ANSYS 7.1 version. The analysis consider gasket as a rigid material for contact analysis and the others where the gasket has been considered as a gasket element. The non-linear behaviour with two unloading curves was used to predict the non-linear behaviour. This paper attempts to study and compare the contact pressure, gap, gasket stress and gasket total closure for different loading conditions.

007030   Mulik S S;Krishnamoorthy A;Deshmukh S P; Shewale M S (NO, , ) : Parametric optimization and stiffness determination of XY positioning stage for high precision applications. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 66-73.

In micro-electro-mechanical system (MEMS) flexural mechanisms are widely used because of their advantages such as frictionless and wear less motion and high precision. Flexures depend on material elasticity for their functionality. In flexure mechanism, motion is generated due to elastic deformation of the beam from which it is made. One of the typical advantages of flexural mechanism is to gain precise deformation and flexibility to obtain motion in desired direction. This paper deals with design, analysis and modeling of XY flexure mechanism which is based on double parallelogram flexure (DFM). The XY mechanism presented has monolithic structure and it is based on double parallelogram flexure. Finite element model and analysis is carried out in ANSYS 14.5. Static analysis is done to find out force-deflection characteristics of mechanism. Parametric analysis is used to optimize design parameters of flexure beam. Finite element analysis (FEA) result validates analytical results of mechanism.

ref

007029   Mulik S S;Krishnamoorthy A;Deshmukh S P; Shewale M S (NO, , ) : Design, development and experimental investigation of biflex mechanism for high precision applications. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 60-72.

Present article highlights at the achievement of XY mechanism that utilizes fundamental building elements, for e.g, beam of cantilever structure, double parallelogram and parallelogram flexural structures with respect to their execution aspects like parasitic error and stiffness. Distinguishing amongst biflex mechanisms is done in view of various parameters like stiffness, parasitic flaw and angular movement of deformation stage. Theoretical and finite element analysis is done for this and it is noted that double parallelogram flexure gives great execution results with respect to other flexural building structures. XY flexural system utilizing double flexural mechanism (DFM) is further fabricated and test experiments are implemented. Experimental, FEA and theoretical results show acceptable degree of accuracy.

ref

007028   Mukhopadhyay S (NO, , ) : Report on the separation efficiency with separation time in the microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems fabricated by polymers in this 21st century of 3rd millennium. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 20-37.

In this report, author has fabricated total 1157 individual microfluidic devices including many microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems by the maskless lithography, hot embossing lithography, direct bonding technique, clamping, and surface modification techniques, by his own handson completely. Author has used total 30 individual electrical and non-electrical instruments (including the cleanroom equipment) to perform all experiments of this report by his own hands-on completely. Many microfluidic flow phenomena have been experimentally investigated in this report using the polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) and SU-8 as polymers. Also, the separation of polystyrene microparticles from aqueous microparticle suspensions have been experimentally investigated in the microfluidic lab-on-a-chip systems considering the separation efficiency and separation time as two experimental parameters of these investigations for bioengineering applications.

ref

007027   Mathur P;Jha A K;Sharma A (NO, Pornima Institute of Engineering & Technology, Jaipur) : Flow and heat transfer of a non - newtonian power-law fluid over a non-linearly stretching vertical surface with heat flux and thermal radiation. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 36-41.

The present paper is focused on the study for the effects of constant heat generation and thermal buoyancy on the steady two-dimensional flow and heat transfer of a non-Newtonian power-law fluid over a non-linearly stretching vertical surface. Highly nonlinear momentum and thermal boundary layer equations which governing the flow and heat transfer are reduced to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations by appropriate transformation. The resulting ODEs are successfully solved numerically with the help of fourth order Runge-Kutta method coupled with the shooting technique. The effects of various parameters like the buoyancy(mixed convection) parameter, the radiation parameter, power-law index parameter and the local Prandtl number on the flow and temperature profiles as well as on the local skin-friction coefficient and the local Nusselt number are presented and discussed. Favorable comparisons of numerical results with previously published work on various special cases of the problem are obtained.

10 illus, 28 ref

007026   Mandal P K (NO, , ) : Study on GP-Zones formation in the SC inoculated ternary Al-Zn-Mg alloys. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 53-69.

Mostly, ternary Al-Zn-Mg (7075) alloys are used in automotive and aerospace engineering due to readily age-hardening response and high specific strength-to-density ratio. Scandium (Sc) has great inoculation effect in Al-Zn-Mg alloys. The cast Al-Zn-Mg alloys system undergoes a complex transition sequence in order to gain maximum strength. This sequence consists of solutionizing then immediate quenching in water (T4), natural ageing and artificial ageing (T6); usually, in several temperature steps to results in a structure of finely dispersed precipitates (Al3Sc). Quenching in water from the solution temperature 465oC/1 h induces severe internal stresses in the material; and introduction of dislocations in the supersaturated solid solution (SSSS) modifies the precipitation process. They act concurrently as vacancy sinks during room temperature ageing, which preferred nucleation sites and as short-circuit diffusion paths during later precipitation steps. The microstructure and the peak hardening effects are shown to depend on the competition between GP-zones and nucleation of η and/or nucleation of dislocations. According to the ageing, process starts with the diffusion of Zn to Mg atoms and GP-zones develop by the formation of Mg-Zn clusters. The GP-zones can act as prospective nucleation sites of more stable precipitates providing the basis of artificial ageing treatments applied to Al-Zn-Mg alloy systems. The kinetics of the activation energy have been studied on a number of three different Al-Zn-Mg alloys by Vicker's hardness measurement between 120 and 180°C. A systematic investigation has been carried out to study the decomposition of the SSSS in the formation of GP-zones and subsequent transition phases in the wide temperature range in Sc inoculated Al-Zn-Mg alloys. The influence of various process parameters on the microstructure and mechanical properties of the Al-Zn-Mg alloys are studied by OM, EBSD, FESEM, resistivity, XRD, DSC, TEM, and tensile properties.

007025   Kuldip Kumar;Gangwar R P S (Electronics & Communication Engg. School of Engg. and Tech, HNB Garhwal Central Univ, Srinagar, Uttarakhand) : Design of six band microstrip antenna. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 52-5.

In this paper, design of multi-band microstrip antenna with a U-shaped slot and two linear slots with a copper post at the center has been presented. It is observed that frequency bands and gain of the antenna with copper post are increased as compared to the corresponding antenna without copper post. The proposed antenna has been designed for use in wireless devices in the frequency range between 5 GHz to 9 GHz.

6 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

007024   Kisku N;Sau D C (NO, , ) : Recovery of tungsten and coper from waste tungsten copper borings. J Mater metall Engng 2017, 7(1), 1-8.

During the last many years, the unused tungsten and copper alloy from the discarded electric and electronic equipment and industrial scraps are gathering attention as a section of waste. Because of tungsten's many diverse uses, numerous types of scrap were available for recycling by a wide variety of processes. In the present study, tungsten and copper was recovered by leaching process in ammonium hydroxide solution followed by electro winning process. This results the production of APT crystals and when heated it gives tungstic acid. On further heating, this tungstic acid with coke at around 1000°C gives tungsten powder and by electro winning process pure copper is obtained. Ammonium Paratungstate has a wide usage such as tungsten metal powders, tungsten oxides of high purity or as a laboratory reagent. It is also used in some other applications like coloring agent and in catalyst industry.

007023   Kikani P (NO, , ) : Analysis of process parameters for dissimilar metal welding using MIG welding. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 38-41.

The base on which automobile engine is placed is called trolley. Trolley is a type of structure in which various support parts like main channel, support channel, shaft-bar, hook angle, handle etc. are connected by using MIG welding process. Trolley has a capacity to place 18 kg engine weight, and is made of two metal parts i.e. mild steel and hot rolled steel (i.e. MS, HR). The paper deals with analysis of various process parameters like current, voltage, welding speed, material of electrode, on various mechanical properties like hardness, tensile strength, compressive strength is taken, and effective parameter is considered. By changing appropriate data of process parameter, comparison result is observed.

007022   Kikani P (NO, , ) : Study of shielded gases for MIG welding. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 6-10.

Protecting shielding gases are inert or semi-inert gasses that are regularly utilized in few welding forms, mostly in gas metal arc welding and gas tungsten arc welding (GMAW and GTAW, more prevalently known as MIG and TIG, respectively). Their purpose is to shield the weld region from oxygen, and water vapour. Contingent upon the materials being welded, these air gases can diminish the quality of the weld or make the welding more troublesome. Other arc welding forms use different strategies for shielding the weld from the atmosphere as well shielded metal arc welding, for instance, utilizing a cathode secured as a part of a flux that creates carbon dioxide when consumed, a semi-inert gas that is an adequate shielding gas for welding steel. This paper deals with various forms of shielded gases used in GMAW and how composition of shielding gas chosen for GMAW can affect welding operation.

007021   Khaderbasha S;Mehdi S N;Reddy T K K (NO, , Mechanical Engineering Dep, Muffakham jah College of Engineering and Technology, Email: khader.basha@micollege.ac.in) : Analytical comparison of cylinder cooling using rectangular and triangular fins. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 30-2.

Engine life and performance can be improved with effective cooling. The cooling mechanism of the air cooled engine is mostly dependent on the fin design of the cylinder head and block. The heat is conducted through the engine parts and convected to air through the surfaces of the fins. Insufficient removal of heat from engine will lead to high thermal stresses and lower engine efficiency. As the air-cooled engine builds heat, the cooling fins allow the air to move the heat away from the engine. Low rate of heat transfer through cooling fins is the main problem in this type of cooling. In the present work, an attempt is made through analytical calculation to calculate temperature distribution, heat transfer through the fin, heat transfer without the fin and effectiveness. The results obtained for rectangular and triangular profile geometries are tabulated and discussed.

2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

007020   Kelkar R;Sudhakar T M;Shashi Kumar G N;Rao S V G;Guha K C;Sarkar S (NO, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mysore, Email: gnsk@barc.gov.in) : Pilot scale studies in a fluidized bed for studying influence of distributor design in bed hydrodynamics. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(5), 362-7.

Experiments in fluidized bed have been carried out with various designs of multi-cone distributor to study the change in hydrodynamic behaviour in a fluidized bed. An empirical model for the distributor pressure drop (empty bed) has been proposed based on experimental data. This equation will be helpful in diagnosing the clogged distributors. An aspect ratio of 1.8 (height of bed_{at U=0}/diameter of bed) or higher is found to avoid channeling and maintain bubbling fluidization. Also a smooth increase in "[ΔP_d.emptybed]/ΔP_b" with superficial gas velocity has been identified to represent the condition of uniform fluidization. This parameter was able to differentiate channeling and high expansion in the fluidized bed.

5 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

007019   Jyothi A;Simhachalam D (NO, , ) : Investigation on torque and thrus forces in radial drilling of copper alloys. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 6-19.

As a part of research over improvement of machining process; cutting forces, metal removal rate (MRR) and surface finish on mechanical elements has become quite significant in the operational and aesthetical point of view. To enhance accuracy and precision by adopting energy saving techniques, manufacturing firms are adopting automated systems in order to achieve manufacturing excellence. In the present work, the effect of various process parameters like spindle speed, feed, and drill diameter on torque, thrust force, MRR and surface finish in radial drilling process for copper alloys (copper, brass and bronze) are investigated by using Box Behnken Design. Three factors/three levels were used and total 15 experiments were performed. The coefficients were calculated by using regression analysis and the model was constructed. The adequacy of the developed model was checked using analysis of variance (ANOVA) technique. By using the mathematical model, the main and interaction effect of various process parameters on torque, thrust force, MRR and surface finish are studied.

007018   Jha S K;Nallusamy S;Sinha A D (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Dr. M.G.R. Educational and Research Institute Univ, Maduravoyal, Chennai-600 095, Email: jhasuman36@gmail.com) : Future energy scenario in India - an essential overview. Pollut Res 2016, 35(3), 595-9.

In India gap between the energy generation and demand is more than 10% which leads to create high energy gap lack. The Government organizations in India like Ministry of New and Renewable Energy (MNRE) and Jawaharlal Nehru National Solar Mission (JNNSM) including various state governments are making big-big five years energy plans on renewable energy sources. These plans be look good only on the paper but in reality they are not able to make even 20% of it. This demand can only be reduced by suitable energy management, application of new technology and reducing the transmission and distribution loss. In India more than 30% of energy is unused in the form of wastage and average 27% of power transmission & distribution loss. There will be no need of new energy sources if energy wastage and losses in power transmission and distribution system are controlled. In India 12.12 % of electricity is only generated by the renewable energy sources. There is a need of energy awareness; application of renewable energy sources & application of thermal energy storage by Phase Change Materials (PCM) are needed to focus for reducing the generation and demand. This article deals with the future energy sources of India using the new technologies which help to reduce the energy gap between demand and generation.

5 illus, 12 ref

007017   Jerin J;Rath R K;Anil Kumar (NO, , ) : Recovery of iron values from waste iron ore slime. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(3), 25-31.

Iron ore slime is a waste material generated after beneficiation of iron ores. Due to limited iron ore resources and fast depleting of high grade iron ore, iron ore producers are emphasizing on recovery of iron values from iron ore slime. Different beneficiation techniques such as Hydrocyclone, Wet High Intensity Magnetic Separator (WHIMS), Dispersionflocculation, and Flotation are some options to recover the lost iron value from the waste. In the present work an attempt has been made, to beneficiate iron ore slime using Hydrocyclone, WHIMS and dispersion-flocculation. Iron ore slime (-150 μm) was obtained after scrubbing and wet screening of a low grade iron ore assayed 42.7% Fe with 12.5% Al₂O₃ and 13.68% SiO₂. Size analysis revealed that 90% of the iron ore slime was having size less than 72 μm. The isoelectric point of the iron ore slime was found to be at pH 4.21. The optimum condition was applied for Hydrocyclone to obtain maximum recovery i.e., 89.2%. The cyclone underflow was enriched to 54.8% Fe with 45% recovery using WHIMS at current intensity of 2 Amp. Dispersion-flocculation could upgrade up to 47% Fe only. The nonmagnetic fraction of WHIMS was upgraded from 37 to <126> 39% Fe using dispersion-flocculation under the optimized condition.

007016   Jariwala R;Saliya K;Panchal S;Ansodariya S (NO, , ) : Experimental evaluation and optimization of dry drilling parameters of stainless steel using different drill bit. J Mater metall Engng 2017, 7(1), 43-7.

Drilling is one of the widely used in machining processes for various purposes. Stainless steel is frequently used in automotive, aircraft and aerospace and dies or mold industries, home appliances, medical and electrical equipment, but machining of stainless steel is difficult due to high tensile strength, high ductility, low heat conductivity and high fracture toughness. The cutting temperature at drill tool-chip interface affects drill hole quality, lowers the tool life, reduces hole surface finishing and blunt edges of drill tool that decreases productivity. The main objective of this work is to reduce temperature caused in drill tool while dry drilling of stainless steel by optimizing drilling parameters and selecting suitable drill tool material. The values of drill tool bit temperatures were measured using an infrared thermometer. By varying spindle speed, depth of cut and feed rate the experimental proof to be evaluated. Simulation will be done with DEFORM 3D software.

007015   Jahromi A A (NO, , ) : Intelligence wide angle diffuser relocation for wind tunnel. J expl appl Mech 2017, 8(1), 19-22.

A wide angle diffuser is placed between the centrifugal blower and the settling chamber for the open circuit wind tunnel. The cross-sectional area increases so rapidly that separation can only be avoided by boundary layer control. The wide angle diffuser is a means of reducing the length for a given area ratio rather than affecting a pressure recovery. The length of the wide angle diffuser is 3.5 m, area ratio 3 and diffuser angle 60°. Two matched cubic profiles connected together are used for wall profile of wide angle diffuser. LISA is used for computational analysis of wide angle diffuser

ref

007014   Jagdisan K;Babu P B;Anil Kumar P (NO, , ) : Precise modeling practice for avionics PCB in random vibration environment. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 51-9.

Electronic packaging analysis fraternity makes use of finite element method (FEM) to predict random vibration response experienced by printed circuit board (PCB) of any avionics electronic package. Degree of accuracy associated with such prediction enables the connoisseur to make apt verdict while ascertaining the design adequacy of the package. Achieving accuracy in prediction is dictated by the preciseness associated with the modeling practices adopted in FEM. Precision of a particular FE model in turn is influenced by proper consideration of material properties and boundary conditions. An attempt has been made to address these two major challenges in the present research work. Conventional means have been adopted to extract material properties. However a novel approach has been evolved to extract shear modulus of PCB. Rotational spring element has been used to simulate rotational degrees of freedom (DOF) of PCB. Rotational stiffness which needs to be keyed in as input for FE model has been extracted with the aid of experimentation. Further a database has been established consisting of rotational stiffness and damping values for various mounting configurations of PCB which are validated with experiments as well. By integrating these two key parameters with experimentally evaluated material properties, a precise modeling practice for PCB has been devised, methodically validated with that of experimentation and its consistency has been established. Any electronic packaging designer can make use of this precise modeling practice for evaluating the design adequacy of PCB in random vibration environment with finer degree of accuracy.

ref

007013   Jadhav V;Sahoo R (Structural Engineering Dep, Sardar Patel College of Engg., Andheri (W) Mumbai) : Behaviour of reniforced and unreinforced circular concrete colums retrofitted by microconcrete & CFRP confinement. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(7), 58-61.

Micro concrete and different types of fibre reinforced composite materials are becoming most frequently used in civil engineering structures. Strengthening of reinforced concrete columns by means of confinement with fibre reinforced composite materials and micro concrete is one of the most practical applications of these materials. In this paper comparative study of behaviour of reinforced and unreinforced circular concrete columns retrofitted by micro concrete and CFRP confinement is studied. The test result shows the increase in load carrying capacity and enhanced deformation of specimens confined with CFRP and micro concrete as compared to integral circular specimens without wrapping.

1 table, 13 ref

007012   Gupta S;Sukhwinder Kumar;Ramanjeet (ECE Dep, Thapar Institute of Engg. and Tech. Univ, Patiala, Punjab) : Octagonal shaped fractal slot loop antenna loaded with dielectric resonator. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 59-66.

This paper presents the design and fabrication of multiband fractal co-planer waveguide (CPW)-fed slot antenna having defected ground structure (DGS) which confirms the multiple wireless standards. Minkowski fractal geometry is applied on an octagon which provides a miniaturized design and generates multiple bands. Defected ground structure is used to improve the bandwidth and gain of the antenna. The slot loop formed is acting as a hybrid antenna as it performs both the task of antenna and also of a feed mechanism which is required by a dielectric slab to radiate. The proposed antenna exhibit multiple frequency bands, thus we can call it as multi-band antenna.

11 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

007011   Gulati P;Shukla D K (NO, , ) : Effect of pin profile on micro structure and mechanical properties of friction stir welded AZ31B magnesium alloy. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(3), 1-11.

Friction Stir Welding (FSW) is a solid state welding technique which was developed primarily for joining soft metal alloys. The aim of the present work was to develop a defect free friction stir joint of magnesium AZ31B sheets and to investigate the microstructural and mechanical properties of the weld. Two types of tool pins namely cylindrical and truncated conical pin profiled tools have been used to analyze its effect on the weld quality. Mechanical properties of different zones were determined by Vicker hardness test and Impact energy absorption test. Microstructure of the welded specimens was analyzed and mean grain size and grain number were measured.

007010   Goyal K;Singh H;Bhatia R (NO, , ) : Current status of thermal spray coatings for high temperature corrosion resistance of boiler steel. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 29-35.

In the thermal power plants, the conventional steels used in boilers are unable to sustain the hot corrosion issues. To reduce the problem of hot corrosion in the boilers, many types of surface coatings have been used in the recent past. Thermal spray techniques have been used to develop these coatings on the components of boilers. Thermal spray coating techniques are important means to develop coatings to increase the corrosion resistance to enhance the performance and life of components. These coatings have gained more importance in recent past. Advances in powder and wire production along with developments in thermal spraying techniques have resulted in development of surface coatings with excellent corrosion resistance properties. This paper reviews the performance, developments and applications of thermal spray coatings for high temperature corrosion resistance.

007009   Gangadhara S;Vivek S (Civil Engineering Dep, UVCE, Bangalore) : Experimental study on CBR properties of soil added with perforated plastic waste. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 67-70.

The CBR values of the soil which is one of the factors representing the strength characteristics of the soil will be significantly affected by the addition of waste plastic that is obtained by the shredding of waste beverage bottles. The percentage addition of plastic and the aspect ratio of the plastic strips provided with varying number of perforations, influence the results to a considerable extent. The CBR value of the soil increased with the increase in plastic content percentage and also as the aspect ratio and perforation numbers increased the CBR value considerably improved. The improvement in the CBR properties by the addition of plastic waste can be effectively made use of in the construction of landfill sites, making of pavement for light traffic conditions, in reducing the thickness of the pavement layer and for supporting foundation soils which possess low tensile strength etc. with a minimal cost factor and also facilitating effective reusage of plastic waste generated.

5 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

007008   Fegade P D;Bhangale P P (Civil Engineering Dep, J. T. Mahajan Polytechnic, Faizpur) : To study efficient bid process management for construction projects. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(1), 46-9.

Generally, successful completion of construction projects requires many important processes and one of them is the bidding process. During the bidding process, selecting the most appropriate contractors to execute the project seems to be quite difficult. Contractor selection plays a vital role in the overall success of any construction project. Clients generally need the best criteria in selecting contractors in order to get best results in term of cost, time, and quality for their projects. The project often get delayed and show time and cost overruns as a consequence. The importance of bidding documents, good bidding process and the selection of contractor are some of the important prerequisites for the successful completion of project. The aim of the study was to identify factors in the bid process management that any lead project success. Subsequently, these factors were ranked by expert for their importance and ability to influence the project results. Two brainstorming sessions were organized for identifying factors, one with a government organization which executes a large number public project mainly through cost based selection and second with a private developers organization which hires contractor through quality based selection process. Twelve factors were shortlisted through this process and they were given importance ranking by experienced professionals. The mean value and the descriptive statistics were worked out to rank the factors.

6 tables, 13 ref

007007   Engleng G;Rajbongshi P (Civil Engineering Dep, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar-788 010) : Predictive strain model for mechanistic-empirical rutting design of asphalt pavements. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(2), 1-5.

Structural failure in asphalt pavements is happened primarily due to fatigue and rutting. To measure rutting performance, the critical vertical compressive strain (ε_z) at the top of subgrade layer are normally used in the mechanisticempirical (M-E) pavement design process. However, the computation of ε_z in a 3-D multilayered pavement structure with distributed loading is a complex phenomenon. This paper attempts to present simple predictive strain transfer function for estimation of ε_z, considering 3-D analysis of asphalt pavements. The developed transfer function is validated and found adequate in prediction of ε_z. Degree of accuracy has also been justified statistically. ABAQUS software is used for analysis of pavement structures.

1 illus, 6 tables, 16 ref

007006   Dwivedi A K (Director (Exploration), Oil and Natural Gas Corporation Ltd, , Jeevan Bharathi Building, New Delhi, Email: dir_exp@ongc.co.in) : Petroleum exploration in India - A perspective and endeavours. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 2016, 82(3), 881-903.

Indian oil industry has come a long way since the first oil discovery at Digboi in 1889 through concerted exploratory efforts. Production of oil from a 5 barrels per day level from a single field in Assam has grown to more than 750000 barrels per day from over 50 major oil and gas in seven sedimentary Basins and is projected to attain 1 million barrels per day mark in near future. After Independence, oil and gas exploration was accorded high priority and was taken up by National, Private and International oil companies across the 26 sedimentary Basins covering an area of about 3.14 million sq. kms. Of the 26 sedimentary Basins, 7 Basins are producing oil and gas today. Sedimentary Basins of India are categorised into four categories based on their degree of hydrocarbon prospectivity as presently known. At present India's estimated hydrocarbon resource is of the order of 28 billion tonnes of oil equivalent (BTOE) and an Initial In-place volume of about 11.18 billion tonnes of oil equivalent (BTOE). A project for re-assessment of the resource potential of Indian Sedimentary Basins has been initiated by Government of India with active participation of ONGC, OIL and DGH in view of extensive availability of new data from all the Sedimentary Basins. Currentefforts are to enhance the production from category-I Basins with a focus on upgrading the Category-II Basins to Category-I Basins. Present paper outlines the endeavours during last few years through opening up of new areas, especially frontier areas of Proterozoic Basins of Vindhyan and Satpura, Deep offshore Basins of Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea within Indian exclusive economic zone, Andaman fore-arc and back-arc Basins, unconventional sources of hydrocarbons such as Basement exploration, CBM (Coal Bed Methane), shale oil and gas, gas hydrates and leveraging the technology advances in Petroleum exploration.

13 illus, 2 tables, 46 ref

007005   Dhamodharan K;Kalamdhad A S (Civil Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781 039, Email: Krishna.120187@gmail.com) : Studies on the optimum C/N ratio and its kinetics during anaerobic batch digestion of food waste. Pollut Res 2016, 35(3), 515-20.

Food waste as a highly decomposable feedstock can be utilized for the production of methane gas. Mixture of food waste from the institute hostels and digester sludge were used as substrate and inoculum respectively. Experiments were conducted for different food to microorganisms (F/M) ratio on the basis of volatile solids (VS) in mesophilic conditions and it was found that F/M ratio maintained at 2 yielded higher VS reduction and high methane production. The nitrogen was added as 250, 500, 750 and 1000 mg L^{-1 in reactors of same food and inoculum concentrations with control. The VS destruction was higher as 68% after 30 d of biochemical methane potential test in 500 mg L-1 nitrogen added reactor and achieved a gas production of 410 mL methane g-1 VS degraded. Kinetic studies showed the higher P value of 3.8804 L CH₄ and R2 value of <62> 0.98 for the higher methane production reactor. Higher nitrogen content decreased the gas production. The study concluded that the amount of methane produced depends on F/M ratio and nitrogen content in food waste. Anaerobic digestion of food waste needs high active methanogens and nitrogen content to increase the microbial growth because of its high VS percentage and volatile fatty acids production.}

5 illus, 2 tables, 28 ref

007004   Dhakad A K;Vimal J (NO, , ) : Evaluation of optimal parameters for wire EDM machine on EN45A alloy steel using taguchi and grey relational analysis (GRA)methodd. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 11-21.

The core goal of this research paper is to evaluate process parameters of wire electrical discharging machining and to find out the best parameter among the multiple responses given by machine. Wire cut machine is very accurate and precise machine which is actually manufactured to cut those material which have high strength, toughness, and hardness. This machine works on melting property; here spark is generated between the work piece and the cutting wire which creates high temperature to perform cutting operation. Material removal rate (MRR) and machining time (MT) are to be found for the machining of En45A alloy steel material or En45A silicone manganese spring steel.

007003   Devandiran E;Shaisundaram V S;Ganesh P S; Vivek S (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Easwari Engineering College, Chennai-89) : Influence of feed water heaters on the performance of coal fired power plants. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 115-9.

This paper shows the effects of the feed water heaters on the performance of coal fired power plants. By adding the feed water heaters in power plant cycle, the overall efficiency of the power plant is increased by 2.4 %. Improving the power plant efficiency could alleviate the negative effect of coal consumption on CO2 emission. By means of thermodynamic optimization it is propose to include the feed water heaters in power plant cycle, achieving optimum power plant efficiency. Simulations have been carried out using HMBD software. Results show a feasible improvement of the overall power plant efficiency. This implies a direct reduction of CO2 emission of about 1.3 %. Moreover, the financial analysis confirms the feasibility of proposal analyzed and shows the additional yearly incomes.

6 illis, 1 table, 6 ref

007002   Deshmukh Rajkumar;Bage A A (Structural Enfineering Dep, Sardar Patel College of Engineering Andheri (W), ) : Experimental investigation of mechanical and durability properties of reactive powder concrete (RPC). Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(7), 30-3.

In this paper investigate the mechanical properties (compressive strength, split tensile strength and flexural strength) and durability properties (Rapid Chloride Penetration Test, RCPT). The comparative study of mechanical and durability properties of RPC at 3,7 and 28 days by varying steel fiber added to concrete (0%,0.5%,1%,1.5%,2%,2.5%). The test results shows the RPC displays excellent compressive and split tensile strength. The adhesion between RPC & the steel fiber is also greater than that for normal concrete.

4 illus, 10 ref

007001   Deka T J;Behera A;Joshi K K (NO, , ) : Optimization of process parameters in electro-discharge machining of EN24 steel using Grey-Taguchi method. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 48-53.

Electric Discharge Machining (EDM) is one of the nontraditional machining processes used to produce critical shape on hard or brittle conductive materials and it can also besuccessfully applied on materials that are extremely difficult-to-machine using traditional machining processes. In this experimental analysis the optimum machining parameters areestimated using Taguchi based method for EN24 steel which have wide range of application in aircraft, automotive and general engineering applications for example- propeller or gearshafts, connecting rods, aircraft landing gear components. Influence of various parameters on MRR and Surface roughness of EN24 steel has also been investigated in this analysis. Taguchi methodology with L9 orthogonal array was used to optimize specified parameters such as; current, pulse on time and flushing pressure Grey relational technique is used to convert multiobjective to single objective. Finally ANOVA concept is employed on multi SN ratio to find out the relative significance of machining parameter. It is found that current has maximum significance of 44.867% on response parameters. Current at 5Amp, pulse on time at 50 μs and flushing pressure at 0.6 Kg/m2 bears the optimal levels for MRR and SR combinedly.

ref

007000   Dandapani P;Rohit B (Mechanical Engineering Dep, PESIT-BSC, Bangalore) : Hybrid bike with solar charging (petrol cum electric). Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(7), 75-8.

The 20th century has seen the liquidation of all combustible matter of which the liquid and solid fuel like petrol, diesel and coal are not exception. As we know fuel will deplete in 21st century and also in a few years the fuel prices will shoot up sky high. In today's restless world, revolution is an ominous word. The speed with which technologies become obsolete is amazing. The interest in electrical vehicle has not grown out all of a sudden. Electric vehicle has been around since before the turn of the century. The electric vehicle concept first began in the 1890's but ready availability of petroleum products made gasoline driven vehicle both faster and cheaper. Significant factor, which stimulate the revival of the electric vehicles, are energy cost, energy independence and environmental protection. Because of the upcoming shortage of gasoline products, their cost and limitation in supply have encouraged the use of electric vehicles as a possible alternative mode of transportation. Major reasons of the rekindling of interest in the electric vehicles are environmental considerations that electricity is superior to gasoline. The innovation in battery design will make the electric vehicle a practical means of transport in future. The electric vehicle needs just a bit of support from both the government and public to take it to the where it truly belongings to the healthier, cleaner alternative motor vehicle. The time is not so far when no garage will be without electric vehicle. Electric vehicle transportation is more than a vision for the future.

7 ref

006999   Chintala R;Rath R K;Anil Kumar (NO, , ) : Recovery of iron values from iron ore slimes using reagents. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(3), 32-43.

Mining wastes include waste generated during the extraction, beneficiation or processing of minerals like iron ore fines, slimes and tailings. Approximately 10-20% of the raw material is discarded as slimes in to slime ponds/tailing dams. Recovery of iron values from slimes result in economic benefit by utilization of waste as a resource and minimizes the threat to the environment. The iron ore slime is generally considered as waste due to its ultrafine nature and its processing limitations. The chemical analysis of the present iron ore slime is 34.75% Fe with 21.94% SiO2, and 14.4% Al2O3. This research work presents the route to size enlargement of slime using reagents and enrichment of iron values by various beneficiation techniques for the effective utilization of iron ore slime. Screen analysis revealed that 90% of the particles are smaller than 80.15 μm. In the present investigation, the recovery of lost iron values from iron ore slime waste was attempted using different beneficiation techniques like Enhanced gravity separation (EGS) Falcon concentrator, Gravity separation by Mineral separator and Vanner, and selective flocculation after treatment with various reagents. Mineral separator generated a concentrate assaying 46.3% Fe with 56.2% recovery using polyacrylamide flocculant at 90 sec collection time and similarly Vanner produced a concentrate assaying 54.5% Fe with a recovery of 41.6% using CMC. From selective flocculation studies, a concentrate assaying 45.3% Fe with 42.1 yield % was obtained using modified corn starch at a settling time of 5 min, as starch facilitates the selective adsorption on iron particles, which in turn leads to enhancement in selectivity and recovery.

006998   Chavan P L;Nivale S;Shinde S;Kamble D;Gaikwad A (Electrical Engineering Dep, AMGOI, Vathar-Tarf- Vadgaon Maharashtra) : Design and development of novel vertical axis wind turbine. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(1), 34-8.

The new technology alternative energy is considered as renewable energy and used to reduce cost of fuel of non-renewable energy sources generation this intern reduces the environmental effect. Wind power has a key role in reducing GH (green house) gas emissions. Today Horizontal Axis Wind Turbine (HAWT) is commonly used where the axis of rotation is parallel to the ground and the Vertical Axis Wind Turbine (VAWT). The is focused on primarily on VAWT, These devices operate on any direction wind flow and require much less space than a traditional HAWT, in future VAWT beats the other sources of energy. VAWTs dominate over HAWTs, such as: 1) Simple construction, 2) Reduces cost of construction, 3) They can accept flow from any direction, Relatively low and constant wind strength VAWT work well. VAWTs include both a drag-type and lift type configurations. In this work we attempt to design and fabricate a Vertical Axis Wind Turbine.

11 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

006997   Biswas P;Ramavath P;Johnson R;Ravi K V (NO, International Advanced Research Centre for Powder Metallurgy and New, Balapur, Hyderabad-500 005, Email: royjohnson@arci.res.in) : Fabrication of IR transparent zinc sulphide plate by chemical vapour deposition. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(5), 400-4.

Recent developments in Chemical Vapour Deposition (CVD) processing with its inherent advantages provide a feasible route for producing high quality optically transparent ceramic materials. CVD process feasibility of the reaction between Zn and H₂S in obtaining optical quality ZnS deposits are evaluated with respect to the free energy requirements. Rayleigh number (R_a) of 10^{6 corresponding to laminar flow indicated optimum flow velocities during CVD processing. Deposits show desirable thickness uniformity of 0.55% per cm and were found to have a phase pure ZnS XRD phase. EBSD patterns exhibited a highly oriented columnar ZnS grains and the specimens have shown the theoretical transmission values in the IR ranges.}

5 illus, 17 ref

006996   Bhargavi P;Karthikeyan S K;Snekha G;Vinothini A (Civil Engineering Dep, PSVPEC, Chennai, Tamil Nadu) : Experimental investigation on usage of waste paper sludge (WPS) in concrete making. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 69-72.

Cement is the main component of any construction. Due to rapid usage of natural resources such as lime stones, clay etc. during the production of cement causes larger depletion in our natural reserves. There is a need to think ahead to make arrival of new material which best suites to replace the cement. Every industry produces wastage. All the wastages cannot be replaced. The chemical, physical properties should be characterized before replacing. Paper making generally produces a large amount of solid wastes which are spread over the cropland and contaminants builds up over it. The disposal is the major problem in paper industry. They cause severe air pollution when it is burnt. Paper sludge consists of minimum amount of silica, magnesium and considerable amount of lime, which is the main property of cement. So the disposal and pollution problems can be reduced to greater extent by partially replacing the cement using paper sludge from paper industries. This study investigates the use of waste paper sludge in concrete mix of M30 with 4%, 8%, 12% and 16% as partial replacement of cement. Cube of size 150 x 150 x 150mm, prism bars of 500 x 100 x 100mm, cylinders of 100 x 200mm are casted for both conventional M30 grade concrete and partially replaced concrete. The curing period of 3, 7, and 28days were allowed and test was conducted to determine its compressive strength, flexural strength and split tensile strength. The results obtained through this investigation were found to be satisfactory for the compressive strengths.

3 illus, 5 tables, 9 ref

006995   Barodiya D;Mahajan M D;Mughal S B (NO, , ) : Solidification curve analysis of cylindrical casting by FEM. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(3), 44-9.

In casting process, molten metal is solidified in mould cavity. Solidification process majorly classify into three different sections: (i) liquefaction (ii) solidify (iii) after solidification. In all three processes, one parameter which is called 'IHTC' (Intermediate Heat Transfer Coefficient), is varies with time. IHTC coefficient depends on shape, size, type of casting etc., so, it is continuously varies with all dependent functions. So, establishment of IHTC value is a very difficult task and hot cake between researchers. Various methods are available for establishment of IHTC value, like inverse method. In this study we establish IHTC value via inverse methodology. Solid cylinder of ADC 12 Material and sand casting process taken as part of analysis. K-type thermocouple and Autonix temperature indicator are used for temperature measurement. ADC 12 (Al alloys) material is used in various application such as automotive transmission system, escalator steps barbeque covers, oil pumps. Pro cast is used for simulation purpose. After complete experiment and simulation we are establishing IHTC value which is 2000 w/m2-k.

006994   Barai A N;Pandya J (NO, , ) : Review on application of biogeography-based optimization in mechanical engineering. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 18-21.

Engineers are always keen to learn from nature. This motivates development of optimization techniques from mathematics of biogeography called as biogeography-based optimization (BBO). This method can be very useful in some mechanical simulations as they are complex and computationally expensive. In this paper, survey on the application of biogeography-based optimization and its modified approaches in mechanical engineering has been provided.

ref

006993   Bandewar A G;Surve M B;Joshi M P;Akhade A (NO, , ) : Effect of cryogenic treatment on wear characteristics of T42 high speed steel. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 70-9.

In this study cryogenic treatment is performed on AISI T42 HSS material and its wear characteristics are studied. Test of treated and untreated samples is taken on pin on disc wear testing machine at different loads and RPMs. The wear of the sample is measured. The wear resistance of the samples is also measured by weight loss method. The results are tabulated. An experimental effort to evaluate tool wear improvement by cryogenic treatment is the outcome of this study.

006992   Azharuddin Kazi;Safiulla M;Manohar N M;Pavan Kumar G (Mechanical Engineering Dep, PESIT BSC, Bangalore-560 100) : Design and fabrication of sunflower seed extracting machine. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 90-7.

The present project focuses on solving the problem faced by the farmers in separating the seeds from the sunflower. Farmers use the manual methods due to unavailability of suitable machinery for sunflower threshing. During manual sunflower production, the most time and labor-consuming operation is the threshing of sunflower by beating the sunflower heads with a stick, rubbing wear heads against a rough metal surface or power tiller treading machine. The aim of the project is to fabricate a machine which will separate the seeds from the sunflower. The main components required to fabricate the machine are Blades, Shaft, Pulley, Disk plates, Blower, Hopper, Tray, Sieves, Motor, V-Belt and Pillow Block Bearings. The sunflower threshing unit operates on the principle of axial flow movement of the material. The sunflower is threshed in a closed threshing unit by rotating blades where the seeds are separated from flower and husk of the flower is removed through blower. Finally the cleaned seeds are collected in a Tray.

12 illus, 18 ref

006991   Azarudeen K;Asha P (Civil Engineering Dep, St.Peter's Univ, Avadi, Chennai) : Comparison of design methods of conventional & prestressed flat slab by various codes. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 140-2.

Flat slab system of construction is one in which the beams used in the conventional methods of construction are done away with. The slab rests on the column directly and load from the slab is directly transferred to the columns and then to the foundation. The thickness of slab near the support with the column is increased to support with the columns is increased to support heavy loads, and these are called drops, or columns are generally provided with column heads or column capitals. As per local conditions and availability/ depends on the materials have adopted the different types of methods for design of flat slabs and given their guidelines in their respective codes. The scope of this project is to try and illustrate the methods used for flat slab design using various International Codes like Indian Code, Euro Code, American Code & New Zealand Code. For carrying out this project, a panel of a flat slab with dimensions 9.0 x9.0 m and super imposed load & live load 7.00 KN /m2 was assumed for the analysis & Design.

6 ref

006990   Archaneswar Kumar K;Rajasekhar K;Sashidhar C (Civil Engineering Dep, KORM Engineering College, Kadapa, Andhra pradesh) : Experimental investigation on fly ash and lime sludge in cement mortar. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(2), 47-50.

An experimental investigation has been carried out to study the effect of Lime sludge and Fly ash in cement mortar. Recycling is a key concept of modern waste management and is the third component of waste hierarchy. Disposal of lime sludge remains a major challenge. Disposal of lime sludge from water softening adds about 7-10% to the cost of water treatment. Having effective and safe options is essential for future compliance. Lime sludge production is a by-product of water treatment plant and Fly ash is by-product of coal thermal power plants. To date, these by-products are being used in other industrial branches and in the field of civil constructions. Considering the specificity of physical and chemical properties of fly ash and lime sludge and a series of possibilities for their use in concrete, this research work demonstrates the possibilities of using fly ash and Lime sludge together as partial replacements of cement in cement mortar. This research work presents an investigation of compressive strength of cement mortar by adding Lime sludge and Fly ash as partial replacement of cement in various percentages. In this work cement has been replaced by four proportions of Fly ash & Lime sludge. The four proportions are (100 % cement +0 % Fly ash + 0% Lime sludge), (75 % cement + 12.5 % Fly ash + 12. 5% Lime sludge), (50 % cement + 25 % Fly ash + 25% Lime sludge) &(25 % cement + 37.5 % Fly ash + 37.5 % Lime sludge). It has been observed from the 7, 14 and 28 days tests of compressive strength of cement mortar that compressive strength decreases as the percentage of Lime sludge increases in the mix when compared with controlled concrete. Results indicated that the decrease in compressive strength with the increase in Lime sludge replacement.

1 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

006989   Anil Kumar P;Jagadisan K (NO, , ) : Fabrication fault diagnosis of bracket for air borne vehicle using experimental and analytical modal analysis. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 19-29.

This paper presents the experimental and analytical modal analysis of bracket structures made of two different materials. Manual inspection of fabricated components may at-times tend to be much tedious and less economical approach in identifying any geometrical and dimensional flaws when the quantity is more and may also result in failure, particularly when the purpose for which the components are designed or fabricated is very sensitive and crucial. Effective methodology has been investigated and implemented through experimental modal analysis (EMA), in diagnosing mechanical fabrication flaws that might have occurred during machining process with the fabricator. Implemented methodology is very well backed up with the support of analytical modal analysis methods aided by finite element analysis (FEA). This paper not only includes discussion about the advantages of using experimental modal data as a means of detecting structural faults, but also includes demonstrations of how the sensitivity ratio of stiffness and mass parameters aid in easy diagnosis of physical or material oriented changes. Specifically, it is shown with a help of two dimensionally identical brackets (as said by fabricator), one made of aluminium and other made of magnesium material, both of which are part of an airborne vehicle. Initial EMA of aluminum bracket provided a basis for cornering on certain modal values and further performing EMA on magnesium bracket ended up with another set of modal values. Technically, it is to be notified that being identical on dimensions and stiffness-to-mass ratio parameters, the modal results of both the brackets must also remain same which is not so observed in this case. A benefit of doubt was achieved when it was found that there was certain dimensional disparity between aluminium and magnesium brackets. Further FEA carried out on both the brackets provided a strong supportive point for the adopted approach.

ref

006988   Anil Kumar P;Babu P B (NO, , ) : Development and experimental characterization of metallic spring isolators for electronic packages of air borne vehicles. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 9-18.

During flight, electronic packages in air borne vehicles will experience aerodynamic induced loads like random vibration and shock. PCBs mounted in these packages either malfunction or fail due to high vibration which is due to the stacked mounting of PCBs. Desired gap between any two adjacent PCBs will be maintained with the help of rigid spacers in this mounting. It is understood that the solution for reducing this high vibration response is to relax the rigidity imposed by rigid spacers by some means without affecting the overall mounting stiffness. This requirement demands for one to one replacement of rigid spacer with vibration isolator. Commercial rubber isolators are not fit for electronic packages as shelf life of rubber is not on par with anticipated storage time of air borne vehicles. Keeping this constraint into consideration, it is being proposed in this research project to develop and experimentally evaluate metallic spring isolator. Challenging part of this task is achieving isolation both in random vibration and shock with intended metallic spring isolator against a common problem of general isolator. This paper brings out the details of this particular invention along with experimental characterization followed by isolation effectiveness.

ref

006987   Al-Rashdi K;Farooqui M;Mohsin M;Rabbani G (Post Graduate and Research Center, Maulana Azad College, Aurangabad-431 001, Email: mazahar_64@rediffmail.com) : Metal oxide thin films: A mini review. J advd scient Res 2016, 7(1), 1-8.

The main objective of this work is to provide glimpses of the research which is based on the preparation of thin films of metal oxides using the sol-gel method, and research work of those studies on the structure, physical and chemical characteristics and other properties, it also recognize on the equipment and means by which samples, films were examined which produced in this research and explain the idea of Sol-gel process and advantages of this process makes an important and preferable to the rest of the other methods, as well as displays their flaws, and applications of films produced.

3 illus, 65 ref

006986   Adedapo A A (Electronic and Electrical Engineering Dep, Ladoke Akintola Univ of Technology, Oyo State, Nigeria) : Steady state characteristic performance of the Nigerian 28-bus 33Ok V transmission network incorporating static synchronous series compensator (SSSC). Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 6-13.

This research paper elucidates a power (or load) flow analysis of the Nigerian 28-bus 330kV transmission network. This expressly reveals the steady state operation of the power system under consideration, which by extension may be applied to other similar networks. The load flow solution would reveal the affected lines whose power flow fall below the values expected, and buses whose voltage magnitude is outside the required range of 0.9 = V = 1.1pu. The Static Synchronous Series Compensator, SSSC, is incorporated into the affected lines to control the flow of power in the network. The performance characteristics of SSSC, a member of the Flexible AC Transmission System (FACTS) devices, in controlling the power (active and reactive) flow, reducing the transmission losses and improving the voltage profile of the network is the objective of this research. The Newton-Raphson technique is used in analyzing the load flow problem without and with the FACTS device (i.e. SSSC) incorporated. The results obtained are compared to observe the performance of SSSC in the network. The SSSC model is validated and tested using the IEEE 14-bus test system. The analysis and simulation is done using the MATLAB R2007b software.

5 illus, 5 tables, 8 ref

006985   Adarsha H;Ramesh S;Prasad K V;Swamy M K R (NO, , ) : Simulation of dual microstructure heat treatment process and residual streeses in gas turbine disc by deformht software. J Mater metall Engng 2017, 7(1), 30-42.

Gas turbine disc is one of the most vital components in advanced gas engine. In order to improve the tensile strength and fatigue strength of the disc, finer grain size is to be attained at bore area and coarser grain structure at rim area in order to resist the growth of creep. Attempts have been made by several researchers experimentally on the development of dual microstructure for Inconel-718 by heat treatment technique. However, the simulation of induction and resistance heat treatment process to achieve dual grain size and reduce residual stresses is not yet reported. In the present work, an attempt is made to obtain the optimal induction heat treatment process parameters to achieve the dual grain structure at bore area and estimate the residual stresses to predict the disc performance. The induction heat treatment process is simulated using DEFORMHT software to achieve dual grain size of 5.6 μm at bore area and 46.3 μm at rim area of the disc. The rim area of the disc was heated to 1080°C with varying input power from 10 to 30 kW at frequency 20 kHz. The disc was soaked for 60 min at a constant temperature of 1080°C and then cooled at a rate of 1°C/min to room temperature. The disc with induced residual stresses was further subjected to heating at 700, 800 and 900°C. Reduction in residual stresses was finally achieved by soaking the disc at three intervals (3600, 7200, and 1800 s). Grain size achieved after and before resistance heat treatment was measured by obtaining state variable method in DEFORMHT software).

006984   Acharya S G;Vadher J A;Sheldiya M V;Madhnani M (NO, , ) : Green productivity indexing:A practical approach for incorporating environmental shield into sand casting foundry. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 7-17.

The goal of this research is to describe an example for developing frame work of environmental indicators for incorporating environmental shield into sand casting foundry. This research also describes continuous improvement (CI) with green productivity index (GPI) experimented in a sand casting industry, which includes environmental and economic performances. The data were collected for this described research from a sand casting foundry, Krislur Castomech Pvt. Ltd., Bhavnagar, Gujarat, India; and applied for developing green productivity index (GPI) and indicators. Quantification of indicators of environment is done using mass balance concept. The research depends on a unique data of sand casting foundry. This research is a conceptual approach of practical ideas and combining theory to cover the future for sustainable development in green manufacturing. From a view of research, it forms a framework related to indicators for incorporating of environment into casting industry and produces new application and research changes to various pollution spreading foundries. Limitations of this research are, variation of environmental indicators, process of molding used for making moulds, and furnace applied for melting of metal varies from one industry to another.

ref