007083   Vimala T;Ravi S;Zion Tuithung T (ECE Dep, Dr. MGR Univ, Chennai, Email: ziondesigns09@yahoo.in) : Internet of things: technologies, application and challenges in implementation. Pollut Res 2016, 35(3), 623-8.

Internet of Things (IoT) envisions a future in which everyday objects have network connectivity, allowing them to send and receive data, by means of appropriate information and communication technologies, to enable a whole new class of applications and services. The Internet of Things can be considered as the future evaluation of the Internet that realizes machine-to-machine (M2M) learning provides connectivity for everyone and everything. This paper present a survey of technologies, challenges in implementation for Internet of Things.

2 illus, 26 ref

007082   Vaishanv A V;Kagthara M S;Makwana H H (NO, , ) : Reduction of shrink age-porosity defects in sand casting using finite element analysis. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 1-5.

Today production of casting is easy but market requirement is quality casting. Earlier casting is made with large no. of defects due to large no. of process parameter in casting process. Specially, to predict phase transformation is very critical. As the problem of automation in process, shortage of skill labour now a days; casting simulation requirement is high and it is identifies defects earlier without making actual casting. This process reduces time and cost. Many casting defects occur like; hot tears shrinkage-porosity etc. at the time of solidification of casting. Casting simulation software is very much helpful to get quality casting. This paper reviews the details of solidification of castings in foundries using computer simulation. In this review paper study is done to reduce shrinkage porosity defects in sand casting component.

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007081   Vaidya V B (dep, K. D. K. College of Engineering, Nagpur) : Investigation of heat transfer enhancement for natural convection through porous carbon foam. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 161-5.

Porous carbon foam is considered as a suitable material to enhancement of convective heat transfer results from the passage of fluid through the open, interconnected void structure, exposing the fluid to large surface area. This was proved experimentally by comparing a bare copper pipe and copper pipe wrapped with porous carbon foam. With the same heat input; porous carbon foam has shown a noticeable enhancement (30 to 55%) in convective heat transfer. The various properties of porous carbon foam, their different applications and its production processes are also discussed. The results are presented with the help of suitable graphs and the phenomenon of heat transfer enhancement is explained in detail. A brief discussion presents in this paper on the application of using porous media (e.g., Carbon foam) to enhancement of convective heat transfer results are found in good agreement with each other and experimental results are comparatively shown with the help of suitable graphs.

11 tables, 12 ref

007080   Upadhyaya A V (NO, Amity Univ Rajasthan, Jaipur, Rajasthan) : Technical and financial feasibility for small scale wind turbines in urban areas of Jaipur. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(2), 8-17.

Wind energy is one of the most abundant renewable energy resources on the earth and has been targeted for centuries. Interest among general people is increasing for adopting Renewable energy technologies for energy generation, due to various reasons including depleting energy sources, saving in energy bills, investment subsidies, net metering and other government policies supporting renewable energy sources. There is a great need to generate environment friendly energy and adopt the alternative or renewable energy sources for not only to increases energy efficiency but also to promote sustainable development. This paper discusses the small-scale building level application of Wind energy system with this technical and financial feasibility. Energy consumption in residential buildings is increasing day by day due to extensive use of HVAC and other electrical equipment for more comfort with changing lifestyle. In this study, a sample survey of about 60 Household is conducted in the old city of Jaipur and after analyzing their energy; consumption suitable Wind turbine system capacity is calculated with their costing and payback period. The main objective of this article is to present the financial feasibility of Small-scale wind turbine systems. The study concluded that thought initial cost of the wind energy system is very high but if we consider its long-term feasibility & the payback period with net metering and Govt. incentives, it is a viable option.

3 illus, 12 tables, 31 ref

007079   Towoju O A;Dare A (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Adeleke Univ, Ede, Nigeria) : Finite difference modelling of fluid flow in oil reservoir. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 1-7.

The huge cost associated with oil production in an oil reservoir cannot be over-emphasized, the great loss that will result if it fails to produce as expected after the deployment of resources can better be imagined than experienced, hence the need for detailed simulation studies on oil reservoirs. The Governing equations from the conservation of mass for flow was solved using the finite difference technique in the Implicit Pressure and Explicit Saturation (IMPES) scheme utilizing Visual Basics 6.0 language as the computer code. The model was used to predict reservoir pressure and saturation history for each of the phases (oil, water, and gas) in the reservoir for days between 30 and 510 days. A pressure plot of production and saturation history was then obtained. The results showed a continued reduction in the reservoir pressure with increasing production time, and a similar trend was observed for the oil saturation values too. The gas saturation and water saturation on the other hand increased with the production time. However at oil saturation value of 0.2, no further reduction was observed, from which it was concluded that a critical oil saturation of 0.2 exist below which there can be no more production of oil.

13 illus, 9 ref

007078   Tiwari G;Prasad V;Shukla S N (NO, , ) : CFD approach for analyzing the variation of flow parameters and losses in a mixed flow Francis turbine. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 54-65.

Francis turbine can be used for a wide range of head and discharge, thus it is the most versatile water turbine in use [1]. As load varies from full load; the regime of operation changes for meeting the required power demand on electric system [2]. Efficiency of Francis turbine drops significantly at part load and overloading operations due to increased shock losses at the entry to runner, eddy formation and increased swirl in draft tube and head loss in various parts of the turbine. So, it becomes very important to evaluate the performance of turbine at off design conditions before installing them on site. For performance evaluation, calculation of various flow parameters at inlet and outlet of runner and determination of losses in different parts play the most important role. In the present work, flow simulation in a3 MW capacity horizontal axis mixed flow Francis turbine is done using ANSYS CFX 14.0. The simulation is carried out for four different guide vane openings according to the load onturbine (here 60, 80, 100 and 120% loads are considered) and for each GVO, nine speeds from 450 to 850 rpm are taken. The flow parameters variations from inlet to outlet of the runner and head loss in different parts are calculated at these operating conditions. It is found that at 100% load, losses are minimum. Apart from this, coefficient of pressure is calculated through runner blade passage for analysing the distribution of pressure on runner blade.

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007077   Tigga U K;Jha J (CSE/IT Dep, MITS College, Gwalior) : Survey: performance based experimental analysis of image deblurring techniques. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 146-50.

The purpose of image restoration is to "compensate for" or "undo" defects which degrade an image. Image restoration is a most significant technique that processes a high-level image and it handles the image by recovering the original image. Applying numerous algorithms and methods in a cleared sharp image. Most of the times while capturing pictures process degradation i.e. degradation in picture happens. It is essential for corrupted data to get the original sharp image. Image restoration and deblurring is required in digital pictures dealing. This paper contains the existing research works methodology, pros & cons, performance etc. It also includes the comparative analysis between various techniques and the basic abstraction properties of the previous methods..

2 illus, 4 tables, 21 ref

007076   Thongram S;Rajbongshi P (Civil Engineering Dep, National Institute of Technology Silchar, Silchar-788 010) : Probability and reliability aspects in pavement engineering. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 14-18.

It is known fact that the structural design of asphalt pavements process is more empirical in nature than the mechanics. Empirical correlation / factors involves in error estimate. Further, while adopting such transfer function, many input parameters are used which are very uncertain and random in nature. Therefore, it is essential to incorporate such uncertainty and considers the probability in the pavement design process. Probabilistically, a pavement is safe when the estimated failure probability or reliability is equal to or higher than the design reliability level. Thus, the consideration of reliability based design of pavement becomes important. Estimated reliability value may be justified provided the proper distributions of pavement performance parameters are adopted including their level of confidence or acceptability. This paper presents the issues related to probability calculation in asphalt pavements. The issues of fatigue and rutting distresses evaluation that involved with many complexities due to materials, structural and loadings conditions, including uncertainty associated with various input parameters are discussed. The resent work also aims to obtain the distributions of performance evaluation parameters and establishes the acceptability of the distributions.

1 illus, 7 tables, 46 ref

007075   Thawait A K;Sondhi L;Bhowmick S;Sanyal S (NO, , ) : Finite element solution of functionally graded rotating disk based on element based material grading. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 41-7.

The present study reports finite element elastic analysis of variable thickness rotating disks made up of functionally graded materials (FGMs). The disks have exponentially varying material properties along the radius, which is achieved by varying the volume fraction ratio. Three types of thickness profile namely uniform, linearly varying and concave thickness profile having constant mass are analyzed and the resulting displacement and stresses are evaluated for free-free boundary condition. The investigation is carried out using element based grading of material properties on the discretized elements. A comparison of displacement and stresses for uniform thickness disk and variable thickness disk is made which shows that in a rotating disk, the displacement and stress fields can be controlled by varying the thickness of the disk.

007074   Thawait A K (NO, , ) : Stress analysis of two-dimensional functionally graded thick rotating disks by element based material grading. J expl appl Mech 2017, 8(1), 28-36.

The present study reports the stress and deformation analysis of thick rotating disks made of two-dimensional functionally graded materials (FGMs). The analysis is carried out using element based gradation of material properties in radial and axial direction over thediscretized domain. Material properties are distributed according to power law distribution and the governing equations are derived using principle of stationary total potential (PSTP). The resulting deformation and stresses are evaluated for clamped-free boundary condition and the effect of volume fraction exponent on the deformation and stresses is investigated and presented. The results obtained show that there is a significant reduction of stresses in twodimensional FGM disks as compared to homogeneous and one dimensional FGM disks.Further, it is observed that FGM having volume fraction exponents nr=2 and nz=1 is best suitable for the rotating thick disk as it has the low radial stress and deformation.

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007073   Syed A;Sonparote R S (NO, , ) : Development of a self-supported portable pre-tensioning system for slab panels. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 29-33.

Application of pre-stressed pre-cast elements has gained a lot of popularity over the years. The advantage obtained from pre-cast construction is the high control over its quality, and easy and fast on site construction. The short comings encountered in the application of such elements have been; the requirement of heavy machinery for pre-stressing and the transportation of these elements from yard to site. In order to address these shortcomings, an improved pre-casting equipment has been proposed in this paper. A steel frame consisting of two ISMC300 sections connected by a number of ISMB300 sections has been developed for pre-stressing of concrete slab panels. The connection between both the ISMC sections have been designed such that the frame can be dismantled and re-assembled easily, thereby making this equipment portable. This equipment allows us to relocate the yard closer to the site at minimum expenses which eventually reduces the transportation cost. The cost of this equipment turns out to be economical as compared to our conventional pre-stressing system. The functionality of the frame elements has been checked using finite element analysis performed using commercially available software, SAP200.

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007072   Swetha C;Karuna G S (NO, , ) : Statistical analysis on weld bead geometry of pulsed current micro-plasma arc welded AISI 316TI austenitic stainless steel sheets. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 20-37.

Micro-plasma arc welding (MPAW) uses low amperage to join sheets, where the thickness is low, such that they can be used for manufacturing metal bellows, metal diaphragms etc. In the present work, pulsed current MPAW is used for joining 0.3 mm thick AISI 316Ti austenitic stainless steel sheets. Peak current, base current, pulse rate and pulse width are considered as input parameters and weld bead geometry parameters namely front width, back width, front height, back height are considered as output responses. Total 27 experiments are performed as per Box-Benhken design of response surface method. Weld bead geometry parameters are measured using metallurgical microscope. Empirical mathematical models are developed using statistical software (MINITAB). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) is carried out at 95% confidence level. Main and interaction effects are studied. Scatter plots are drawn to understand the variation of actual and predicted values of weld bead parameters.

007071   Srinivasa Prasad K S;Subramanian R;Krishna S; Prashanth S (Mechanical Engineering Dep, PESIT BSC, Bangalore-560 100) : Experimental stress analysis of curved beams using strain gauges. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 75-80.

Curved beams represent an important class of machine members which find their application in components such as crane hook, c - clamp, frames of presses etc. The stress analysis of the critical section of the curved beam is a crucial step in its design. There are two analytical methods used for stress analysis of curved beams: a plane elasticity formulation and Winkler's theory. The Winkler's theory has long been the primary means of curved beam stress analysis in engineering practice. The paper describes the method of stress analysis of a U - shaped specimen, the base of which represents a curved beam using the standard Winkler's theory and a follow on experimental stress analysis using strain gauges. The specimen is loaded such that a known bending moment is applied to it. The circumferential stresses along the critical section of the curved beam are determined using Winkler's theory. During the follow - on experimental procedure, an aluminium U - shaped specimen is instrumented with several strain gauges along the critical section. The gauges are used to measure the circumferential strains along the critical section. The circumferential stresses are then calculated using Hooke's law. Together, the analytical method and lab experiment illustrates many essential elements of experimental stress analysis of a curved beam.

8 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref

007070   Sreeja V;Dinesh P;Patil S B (Mechanical Engineering Dep, M S Ramaiah Institute of Technology, Karnataka) : Mechanical properties of steel quenched in a blend of biodegradable oils with quench accelerators. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 20-4.

Steels having favorable properties are used in many industrial applications because of their low cost and ease of fabrication. The mechanical properties desired can be achieved by either alloying suitable elements or by various heat treatment processes. Heat treatment process is a combination of heating and cooling operations applied to metals and alloys to obtain desired properties. Hardening is a heat treatment process carried to increase hardness of steel by heating it above critical point and then allowing it to cool down by immersing in a quenching medium such as water or oil. By quenching in appropriate medium the mechanical properties of steel can be improved. Biodegradable oils are gaining popularity as quenching media because these are renewable, ecofriendly and are of low cost. In the present work, it is proposed to study mechanical properties of steel 5140 (EN-18) quenched in a blend of biodegradable oils. The specimen is heated to austenizing temperature of 820°C-890°C and held at that temperature for an appropriate soaking time and quenched in quenching media to cool down. Quenching media used is a blend of groundnut oil and neem oil in varying proportions. To this blend of quenchants metal salts in varying concentrations are added as quench accelerator. Specimens are then subjected to tempering at 540°C - 680°C to remove the brittleness and internal stresses. These specimen are then subjected wear, hardness and impact tests to evaluate its mechanical properties. By the process of quenching in biodegradable oil and tempering process it is expected to have improved mechanical properties as by conventional quenching and also show the effectiveness of biodegradable oils as quenchants with quench accelerators.

7 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

007069   Sravani P;Reddy K S;Mukkumalla V K R;Tejasree P (ECE Dep, Matrusri Engineering College, ) : Realisation of 4 to 16 reversible decoder using Verilog. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 143-5.

Reversible logic has become an emerging field for research. The main advantage of reversible logic is power reduction and this advantage have drawn up a significant interest in this field. The aim of the paper is to realize the decoder using Fredkin gate which is basically a reversible gate. There are many reversible logic gates i.e Fredkin gate, Feynman gate, Double Feynman gate, Peres gate, New gate, Toffoli gate and many more. In the reversible logic, reversibility have a special condition which is reversible computing and it is based on the principle of bijection device with a same no of inputs and outputs which means one to one mapping. It finds its application in various fields including quantum computing, optical computing, nanotechnology, computer graphic, cryptography, digital signal processing and many more. Reversible logic is gaining importance in recent years largely due to its property of low power consumption. A comparative study in terms of the number of gates, number of constant inputs, number of garbage outputs and quantum costs is also presented. The circuit has been implemented and simulated in Xilinx.

6 illus, 9 ref

007068   Singh N;Sukhwinder Kumar;Gupta S (ECE Dep, Thapar Institute of Engg. and Tech. Univ, Patiala Punjab) : Compact and small planar monopole rectangular patch antenna with symmetrical maze-shaped slots for BLUETOOTH/WLAN/IMT application. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 106-10.

Microstrip patch antennas are useful in antenna wireless applications because they are simple, lightweight and cheap to fabricate, and compatible with printed-circuit technology. A small and compact triple-band microstrip-fed antenna with defected ground plane for Bluetooth (2.4 GHz), International Mobile Telecommunications (IMT-4.5 GHz) and Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN-2.4/5.2 GHz) is designed. The proposed antenna consists of a rectangular radiating metallic patch with symmetrical maze shaped slots and defected ground plane. The proposed antenna is small (15x15x1.6 mm3) when compared to general multibandpatch antennas. The antenna proposed is designed and simulated using computer simulation technology (CST). The simulation and measurement results show that the designed antenna is capable of operating over the 2.4-2.5 GHz, 4.4-5.0 GHz, and 5.1-5.39 GHz frequency bands. Radiation pattern and acceptable antenna gain are achieved over the triple operating frequency bands.

6 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

007067   Singh N;Goyal K;Bhatia R (NO, , ) : Effect of input parameters on surface roughness of wire-cut EDM of AISI EN 31 tool steel. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 43-9.

Wire-cut EDM is emerging machining process for machining hard to machine materials and intricate shapes which are impossible to make with conventional machining process. This paper analyses the effect of significant input process parameters of WEDM i.e., wire type, Pulse on, Pulse off, peak current on the output parameter surface roughness of AISI EN 31 tool steel. The other process parameters like wire tension, servo voltage, wire feed rate, spark gap voltage are kept constant. The Taguchi L18 orthogonal array is used to make a design of experiment. Two levels have been selected for wire type while all other three input parameters have been varied for three levels. AISI EN 31 tool steel is used as the work-piece material. The effect of all the selected input parameters on the output responses have been analyzed using ANOVA method. The result reveals that pulse on time and pulse off time are the most significant to influence surface roughness, followed by wire type.

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007066   Shukla A;Khan N;Sikarwar M S (NO, , ) : Short circuit MAG/MIG welding and fast root modified short ARC welding process for sheet metals welding with diverse air gap. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 47-59.

The outcome of an analysis allocating with welding of sheet metals with diverse air gap using short circuit MAG welding process and Fast ROOT custom-made short arc welding methods have been presented. Welding turns were made below different conditions and through each run; the diverse process parameters were incessantly observed. It was found that fewer HAZ and maximum welding speed are reached under an exact welding condition with quick ROOT method with the emphasis on arc constancy. Welding result explains that the customized short arc exhibits a higher electrode melting coefficient with almost spatter-free droplet alteration. In adjusting the short circuit time, the infiltration can be prohibited with only a small change in electrode deposition. In the mixing modified arc welding with pulsed MIG welding the working envelope of the process is deeply extended allowing thicker material sections to be welded with enhanced weld bead aesthetics. Fast ROOT is a customized short arc welding process using automatic or mechanized welding method based on the dip transfer welding, characterized by controlled substance deposition during the short circuit of the wire electrode to the work piece.

007065   Shinde V C;Gandhare B S;Kale S A (NO, , ) : Experimental techniques for fatigue analysis of a small wind turbine blade. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 34-8.

During the life span, a wind turbine blade experiences variety of the forces. These forces include gravitational force, centrifugal force, tangential force, thrust force, etc. Thrust force and gravitational forces create edgewise bending stress while the tangential forces (wind pressure) create flapwise bending stress. Centrifugal forces generate direct stress in the wind turbine blade. Most of the wind turbine blades fail due to bending in the flapwise direction. These induced stresses are cyclic in nature. Due to their cyclic nature blade is subjected to fatigue. So, in the design process of the blade, fatigue testing plays an important role. The expected service life of the turbine blade is about twenty years. Hence, it is important to design a blade for such a long life. Only a few researchers are working on fatigue testing of small wind turbine blades made of composite materials. Fatigue testing of the blades is carried out using computational and experimental techniques. This paper particularly focuses on bringing together some important experimental techniques used for fatigue analysis of small composite wind turbine blades.

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007064   Shinde H N;Pradhan B (NO, , ) : Anodic polarization study on steel bar in concrete powder solution extracts contaminated with chloride and sulfate salts. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 22-8.

In present work, anodic polarization tests are conducted on different steel specimens to find out corrosion zone potentials of various corrosion zones. The tests are done in the concrete powder solution extracts contaminated with the varying levels of admixed chloride and sulfate salts, at varying w/c ratios and cement types. The admixed chloride content is fixed at 3.5% and the sulfate content is used as 0, 2.5 and 5%, by mass of cement. Further the free chloride content along with pH of concrete powder solution extracts are found out.

007063   Shiale R L;Kale K R;Dahake A G (NO, , ) : Effect of steel slag and bagasse ash on strength of concrete. J expl appl Mech 2017, 8(1), 1-10.

An experimental investigation was carried out to evaluate the strength properties of concrete. The concrete mix of M-50 grade was designed and produced by replacing steel slag partially with fine aggregate and bagasse ash partially with cement. The mix proportions were prepared with varying percentage of bagasse ash including one control mix of steel slag. Bagasse ash in concrete was replaced with 0, to 20% with an interval of 5% with cement by weight and one concrete mixture that contained 10% steel slag was considered as the control mix. Various strengths considered for investigations are compressive, flexural and split tensile. Cube of size 150 mm 150 mm 150 mm for compressive strength; beams of size 500 mm 100 mm 100 mm for flexural strength and cylinders of size 300 mm in depth 150 mm diameter for split tensile strength were cast. All the specimen were water cured up to 7 and 28 days and tested subsequently. Relations between compressive strength with all other strengths are developed. A comparison of result of modified steel slag concrete with that of normal concrete, showed significant improvement in the result of various strengths.

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007062   Sheral R B;Sutar D;Jagdane P (Civil Engg. Dep, JSPM's Rajarshi Shahu College of Engineering, Pune) : Utilization of waste materials (GGBS+fly ash). Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(7), 67-71.

Concrete is abundant manmade material in the world. One of the main ingredients in normal concrete mixture is Portland Cement (PC) depending on demand of PC the rate of cement increases day by day and it will affect cost of construction. However production of PC is also for increase in level of carbon-dioxide emission in environment. There is need to identify alternate material for cement. As fly ash & Granulated Blast Furnace Slag (GGBS) is waste product obtained by coal & steel industry respectively. Present work necessarily deals with the "Utilization of waste material in concrete". Total 45 tests were conducted with percentage variation of cement, GGBS & fly ash and test includes compressive strength test & Non-destructive test etc. It is observed from test results that partial and full replacement of cement with GGBS & fly ash is successfully possible whereas strength of geo-polymer concrete & conventional concrete shows similar behavior. Further it is noted that cost of geo-polymer concrete & conventional concrete is also nearly same.

2 illus, 6 tables, 8 ref

007061   Shashi Kumara S R (Civil Engineering Dep, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bangalore, Karnataka) : Expermintal study on application of pervious concrete in effective rainwater harvesting system. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 33-5.

India is a subtropical country, which receives good amount of rain each year. Due to sudden and massive urbanization, the availability and supply of water for domestic purpose has introduced new challenges in urban water supply. Rainwater harvesting is a sustainable and reliable approach to manage the water in urban areas. In the recent years, rainwater harvesting is as statutory mandate during construction approval. Pervious concrete is a application oriented special concrete product, which has been effectively used to manage the surface run off in the shoulder, parking lane and other highway applications. In the present experimental study, efforts are made to use the pervious concrete as filtration medium for rainwater harvesting. The mechanical properties and permeability of pervious concrete are studied. A filtration medium model has prepared to study the permeability.

4 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

007060   Shah S I;Shah J B (NO, , ) : Comparison of PQR and WPQ FOR jacket long seam joint of pressure vessel as per ASME section IX. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 1-5.

Small and medium size stocked components intended for boiler and pressure vessel are often manufactured and welded with reference to ASME section III and IX. This paper mainly focuses on rules for welding qualification, monitoring welding activities during manufacturing and the extent of supervision by independent inspection body required by the quality system. In this work comparison required for welder procedure qualification as well as welder qualification accordance with procedure qualification record is carried out. Finally, range of qualified will decide the welder qualification based on WPQ and PQR.

007059   Selvan S A (Civil Engineering Dep, St. Peters Univ, Avadi, Chennai-600 054) : Experimental study on lightweight polystyrene sandwich blocks for replacement of bricks. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 73-6.

An Experimental study was conducted to investigate the compressive strength of lightweight polystyrene sandwich blocks since the weight of common building bricks is more or less same weight of concrete blocks. Eight specimen blocks of size 400mm X 200mm X 100mm were prepared using combination of cement, sand, wire mesh and thermocol with and without different shear connectors. They are Single mesh thermocol (SM),Single mesh thermocol with M pin (SMM), Single mesh thermocol with V pin (SMV), Single mesh thermocol with U pin (SMU), Three web mesh (individually and collectively enclosed with wire mesh) (WM), Three web mesh with M pin (WMM), Three web mesh with V pin (WMV) and Three web mesh with U pin (WMU) and subjected to compressive strength after 28 days of curing The test results are compared with each other and found that the lightweight polystyrene sandwich concrete blocks offered higher compressive strength of 4.12 MPa at 28 days. The density is found 1200 kg/m3. Hence there is a reduction of dead load, faster building rates in construction and lower haulage and handling costs.

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007058   Sathyan R (NO, SCT College of Engineering, Trivandrum, Kerala) : Analysis of automobile radiator using computational fluid dynamics. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 156-60.

Radiators are a type of heat exchangers used to transfer thermal energy from one medium to another for the purpose of cooling and heating. Upwards of 33% of energy generated by the engine through combustion is lost in heat. Insufficient heat dissipation can result in the overheating of engine, which leads to the breakdown of the lubricating oil, metal weakening of engine parts, and significant wear between engine parts. To minimize the stress on the engine as a result of heat generation, automotive radiators must be redesigned to be more compact while still maintaining high level of heat transfer components. This lead to the increased demand on the power packed radiators, which can dissipate maximum amount of heat for any given space. This project aims to do a comparison between ordinary straight tube radiator and a new helical tube radiator. The modelling is done using SolidWorks. The fluid flow analysis is done with Ansys Fluent.

7 illus, 6 tables, 10 ref

007057   Sasikala P;Scarlet P;Nagarajan K K;Srinivasan R (NO, , ) : Impact6 of spacer engineering on SOI junctionless FET performance using TCAD simulation. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(2), 42-52.

In this paper, the impact of spacer engineering on 10 nm gate length planar SOI (Silicon On Insulator) junctionless transistor performance is studied using Sentaurus TCAD simulator. Spacer length and spacer permittivity of the device are taken as two controllable parameters. DC performance metrics, ION, IOFF, ION/IOFF ratio, unity gain frequency (fT) and non quasi static delay (NQS) are investigated for various spacer lengths and spacer permittivity. The simulation results suggest that with high-k spacer and with minimum spacer length better ION/IOFF ratio can be achieved. fT (unity gain frequency) decreases at higher spacer lengths and at higher permittivity values. Phase delay increase with increase in frequency.

007056   Santosh C;Manoj C S;Peddarajula A;Shetty A R (Mechanical Engineering Dep, PESIT-BSC, Bangalore) : Design and fabrication of pneumatic arm for pick and place of cylindrical objects. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 111-16.

This project aims to Design and fabricate pneumatic arm for pick and place of cylindrical objects. The handling of materials and mechanisms to pick and place of objects from lower plane to higher plane and are widely found in factories and industrial manufacturing. There are number of pneumatic arms are available which consists of so many mechanisms hence becomes expensive. The designed pneumatic arm consists of two cylinders, a shaft works with lead screw mechanism capable of converting motion of piston to rotational motion of arm with help of using compressed air. The designed processes are carried out based on integrated information of kinematics dynamics and structural analysis of the desired robot configuration as whole. The highly dynamic pneumatic arm model can be easily set at intermediate positions by regulating the pressure using the flow control valve. It can be used in loading and unloading of goods in a shipping harbour as the movement of goods is done from lower plane to higher plane.

6 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

007055   Santhosh N;Kempaiah U N;Venkateshwaran S (NO, , ) : Vibration mechanics of hybrid AL 5083/SICP/Fly ash composite plates for its use in dynamic structures. J expl appl Mech 2017, 8(1), 11-18.

Metal Matrix composites are a unique class of materials, with specific characteristics. The selection of reinforcement phase for reinforcing the metal matrix depends on many parameters and is a major concern, Silicon carbide particulates (SiCp) enhances the hardness of specimens but on the other hand it induces brittleness in the specimen which is of major concern, henceforth fly ash particulates are thought of as an alternative reinforcement for improving the ductility of the specimens. To add to this; composite materials are in general having poor vibration characteristics and is a major concern that has to addressed to incorporate these composite materials in smart structures prone to seismic variability. Further upon it is also necessary to develop composite plates for structural applications especially in bridges, decks of sky walks and Foot Bridges that are subjected to vibration. In current work, the Al 5083/SiCp/Fly ash composite plates are manufactured and modal testing is done for cantilever boundary condition by using Fast Fourier Transform analyzer with vibration monitoring setup interfaced with Lab VIEW Data acquisition System. Quantitative results are presented in this paper to show the effects of different parameters like weight percentage of SiC Particulates and Fly ash Particulates. The experimental frequency data are in fair agreement and compatible within the available terms. The results give an overview of uncertainty in elastic properties. For cantilever boundary condition it is found that the natural frequency of plate increases with the increase in weight percentage of SiC Particulates.

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007054   Sanghani C R;Jayani D C (NO, , ) : Effect of different parameters on energy loss coefficient of square edged orifice plate. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 38-42.

Orifice meter is a differential pressure type flow measuring device in which energy loss is a major problem. The energy loss coefficient is an important indicator of energy dissipation. In this paper, different parameters like contraction ratio, orifice plate thickness and Reynolds number were analyzed by numerical simulations using Ansys CFX 15.0 software for their effects on energy dissipation. Results of simulations revealed that, Reynolds number has negligible effect on energy loss coefficient when it is in the range of 0.5 x 105 to 100 x 105. With increasing thickness of orifice plate, the energy loss coefficient decreases slightly while it decreases with increase in contraction ratio.

007053   Samson S K;Manikkandan T R;Dhanasekar R (Bio Process Research Laboratory, Chemical Engineering Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002, Email: soniaksamson@gmail.com) : Optimization of microbial hydrogen production using statistical experimental design from maize stalk by isolated strain. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(5), 368-73.

Experimental designs have been applied for optimizing the process parameters for hydrogen production from maize stalk hydrolyzate by a newly isolated facultative strain. Using Plackett-Burman design glucose, yeast extract, malt extract, peptone, and NaCl have been identified as significant variables influencing hydrogen production and these variables are subsequently optimized using a central composite design (CCD). Box-Behnken design has been adopted for optimizing the process parameters for maximum hydrogen production. Using this statistical optimization method a maximum hydrogen yield of 0.91 mol H₂/mol glucose has been achieved.

1 illus, 6 tables, 17 ref

007052   Saikia B K;Baruah B P (Polymer Petroleum and Coal Chemistry Group, Materials Science & Techno, CSIR-North East Institute of Science & Technology, Jorhan-785 006, Email: bksaikia@gmail.com) : Feasibility studies of formation of carbon foam from high sulfur meghalaya coal. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(5), 433-6.

Carbon foams have been produced from a high sulfur sub-bituminous Meghalaya (India) coal with good plasticity properties using a two-stage thermal process under different conditions of pressure and temperature. The first stage consists of a controlled carbonisation under pressure at 450°C, while the carbonisation product is baked at 1100°C in the second stage. The foams show macroporous texture. The mean pore size and the volume of pores have been determined. The increase in pressure reduces the pore size, while the pore volume increases with increasing temperature.

3 illus, 6 tables, 21 ref

007051   Reddy R H;Rajasekhar K;Sasidhar C (Civil Engineering, Govt. Polytechnic, Pillaripattu (Nagari), Chittoor Dt, Andhra Pradesh) : Experimental study of ductility of high strength concrete with the addition of randomly oriented steel fibers. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(3), 19-24.

The present scenario of the world poses many challenges to the Civil Engineers due to the advancements in the Science & Technology creating complex situations where the structures are going to sustain. Further, the tremendous increase in land cost necessitates the use of high rise buildings, which are almost like mini cities, subjected heavier stresses at the lower storeys. Another challenge for the Civil Engineer would be the rehabilitation and retrofitting of old structures. The liquid retaining structures should be leak proof, and it may not be possible to avoid growth and propagation of micro cracks with normal concrete. Industrial structures, which are susceptible to high temperatures and various chemical exposures, is another area requiring special attention. Hence use of High Strength Concrete (HSC) is a necessity. But the HSC by its nature exhibits brittleness compared to the Normal Strength Concrete (NSC). The ductility can be imparted to the HSC by the addition of steel fibres. Industrial waste like fly ash, is essential to achieve high strength because of its high specific surface area and pozzolanic reactivity requiring less water binder ratio. This research work exhibits the improvement of ductility of HSC with the addition of randomly oriented steel fibers.

10 illus, 9 ref

007050   Rasal M S;Narawade P A (NO, , ) : Development of aluminium based silicon carbide particulate metal matrix composite for cylinder liner. J Mater metall Engng 2017, 7(1), 17-29.

Cylinder liner is used in engine block to give a wear protective surface for piston and piston rings. Friction accounts for a loss of over 30% of the total vehicle power. Over half of that power loss can be attributed to the frictional loss between piston rings and cylinder bores. The best approach for improving power train efficiency is to reduce friction loss and the way for reducing the rolling resistance is to reduce vehicle weight. One of the ways to aid in an automobile's fuel economy by reducing vehicle weight and reducing friction loss simultaneously is to remove the cast iron cylinder block liners and replace them with a lighter, more thermally efficient material. Therefore, in order for the alternative to be a viable option for replacing cast iron liners, the more it can reduce the frictional loss between the cylinder liner and the piston ring. The aluminum based silicon carbide metal matrix composites (Al- SiC MMC) exhibits light weight, superior specific strength and specific stiffness, high temperature capability, lower coefficient of thermal expansion, better wear resistance, improved dimensional stability, and responsiveness to conventional metal forming techniques. The composite is to be prepared by powder metallurgy route followed by sintering. The tribological properties were checked for the composite both at ambient and elevated temperature by using pin heating machine. Thus an attempt is made through this project to serve one additional composite material for the given application.

007049   Rao C M;Pavani G;Prasad K S (NO, , ) : Review on application of utility poles for power transmission. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(1), 36-46.

Power transmission is generally carried out using transmission poles of various materials and cross sections. However, their utilization depends on climatic conditions and external loads acting on them. For an electric overhead system, the supports for the conductor and equipment must withstand the forces imposed on them, while the conductors themselves must be sufficiently strong enough to support their own weight and the forces imposed on them. The forces comprise of wind pressure and tension in conductors. This paper presents the various researches conducted on the various aspects of utility poles in which their strength and service life are estimated; and the suggestions in methodologies for the assessment of various properties of utility poles.

007048   Ramnjeet;Sukhwinder Kumar;Singh N (ECE Dep, Thapar Institute of Engg. and Tech. Univ, Patiala Punjab) : X-fractal patch antenna with DGS for multiband applications. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 81-5.

An X-shaped multiband fractal antenna is presented.FR4 substratehas been used,having thickness of 1.6-mm on which fractal is fabricated.X-fractal has desirable radiation pattern and good reflection coefficient. The proposed antenna can be used for multiple applications such as WLAN, Bluetooth, IMT etc. Effects of different iterations of fractal antenna are separately discussed.By applying of slotted shape defected ground structure (DGS), return loss graph goes to a great extent. Design and simulation has been followed through Computer Simulation Technique (CST).

10 illus, 10 ref

007047   Rajan N;Jayaraj U K (Electronics & Communication Dep, Calicut Univ, Calicut) : Complex demodulator: A VLSI architecture and FPGA implementation. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 133-8.

In this paper we developed Complex demodulator with application in mind as Ultrasound Imaging. The main objective is to model in MATLABTM, hardware architecture implementation in Verilog HDL adopting 1.15 fixed point data representation and synthesizing using XILINX ISEr Spartan6 FPGA as target. The developed architecture consists of input memory, LUTs, Mixers and FIR filters which convert complex modulated signal stored in 1.15 format into in-phase (I), and quadrature-phase (Q) channel outputs each of signed 32 bit. The hardware based results have been compared and validated with entire demodulator modeled in MATLABr and finally the error values are calculated. The maximum working frequency of the design can be as high as 151.777MHz with minimum period of 6.589ns utilizing 8 clock cycles per symbol and proved to be simple, convenient as well as hardware resource saving than other conventional implementation methods.

11 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

007046   Pujara J M;Gohil A V (NO, , ) : Review on process parameters optimization of WEDM for metal matrix composites. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(1), 1-6.

Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) is a thermal spark erosion type cutting process used for precisely machining parts with intricate shapes and sharp edges that are difficult to machine by the conventional machining processes. The WEDM process is derived from conventional EDM sparking phenomena utilizing the noncontact type technique for material removal. From the time of introduction of the process, WEDM has emerged as alternative for production of micro-scale parts with the higher accuracy in dimensions and surface quality. MMCs are advanced materials with high specific strength, better wear resistance, and high thermal expansion coefficient due to composing one metal in other metal matrix. Machining parameters such as; pulse on/off time, peak current, servo voltage, wire feed, wire tension etc. are required at optimal value for performance measures like Material Removal Rate (MRR), Gap current, Surface Roughness (SR), Kerf characteristics, etc. improvement. In past years, researchers have worked for enhancement and optimization of WEDM performance measures using various optimization methods like Taguchi, Response Surface Methodology (RSM), etc. This paper also shows the feasibility of the different methods of obtaining the optimal machining conditions. This literature review helps to identify the significant process parameters out of available process parameters for machining of MMCs. In this paper research work of various researchers has been discussed with how much work has been done and the scope for the optimization of parameters for the responses during MMCs machining on WEDM.

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007045   Prasad K S (NO, , ) : Effect of pulse current micro plasma ARC welding parameters on pitting corrosion rate of AISI 316TI sheets in 3.5 N NACL medium. J Mater metall Engng 2016, 6(3), 12-24.

Austenitic stainless steel sheets are used for fabrication of components, which require high temperature resistance and corrosion resistance such as metal bellows used in expansion joints in aircraft, aerospace and petroleum industries. When they are exposed to sea water after welding they are subjected to corrosion as there are changes in properties of the base metal after welding. The corrosion rate depends on the chemical composition of the base metal and the nature of welding process adopted. Corrosion resistance of welded joints can be improved by controlling the process parameters of the welding process. In the present work Pulsed Current Micro Plasma Arc Welding (MPAW) is carried out on AISI 316Ti austenitic stainless steel of 0.3 mm thick. Peak current, Base current, Pulse rate and Pulse width are chosen as the input parameters and pitting corrosion rate of weldment in 3.5N NaCl solution is considered as output response. Pitting corrosion rate is computed using Linear Polarization method from Tafel plots. Response Surface Method (RSM) is adopted by using Box-Behnken Design and total 27 experiments are performed. Empirical relation between input and output response is developed using statistical software and its adequacy is checked using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) at 95% confidence level. The main effect and interaction effect of input parameters on output response are also studied.

007044   Prajapati Y R;Prajapati S Y (Electrical Engineering Dep, B V M Engineering College, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388 120) : A single area load frequency control (LFC): comparative study based on integral and fuzzy logic controller. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(1), 25-9.

The comparative analysis of integral and fuzzy logic controller for load frequency control has been described in this paper. Local feedback signal from the output to the input has been injected to the controller. A single area power system is simulated to validate the effectiveness of the controller. The effect of system nonlinearity such as Generation Rate Constraint (GRC) and Governor Dead Band has been studied. Simulation has been carried out using MATLAB/ Simulink 2009.

7 illus, 8 ref

007043   Pei Y;Yang J;Ren M;Wang W;Ren J;Lin J;Li Z (Key Laboratory of Coal Science and Technology (Taiyuan Univ of Techno, Ministry of Education and Shanxi Province, 030024, China, Email: renjun@tyut.edu.cn) : Oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate over Cu/AC catalysis prepared by microwave irradiation: effect of La and Zr promoters. Indian J chem Technol 2016, 23(5), 384-91.

Copper catalysts with a loading of 16.7 wt%, supported on activated carbon (AC) with the addtion of La or Zr, have been prepared by microwave heating methods and tested for the oxidative carbonylation of methanol to dimethyl carbonate (DMC). X-ray diffraction (XRD, temperature-programmed reduction (TPR), XPS), and scanning electron micrographs (SEM) have been carried out to examine the bulk and surface properties of the carbon-supported copper catalysts. It is found that the addition of La or Zr promoters favours the auto-reduction of copper precursors to metallic copper and leads to smaller and even nanoparticle-size Cu distributed on the surface of the carbon support which exhibt promising space-time yield of DMC of 480.2 and 585.2 mg.g^{-1.h-1, respectively. Meanwhile, the selectivity of DMC reached 95.7 and 90.3% and higher conversion of CH₃OH of approximately 4.0 and 4.7% have been achieved surprisingly, even after five sets of relevant experiments. The improved catalytic performance of Cu/AC with the addition of La or Zr in the DMC synthesis is due to the presence of more metallic copper, more evenly distributed over the surface of the carbon support, with a significantly reduced particle size as compared with no La or Zr promoter.}

5 illus, 5 tables, 51 ref

007042   Patil P B;Dahake A G;Upadhye V R (NO, , ) : Finite element analysis of thick beams using lagrange-9 element and adina. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 50-7.

There has been a lot of research in the field of thick beam analysis. The classical beam theory was the first beam theory but it neglected the effects of shear deformation and this induce the need for further research to develop the beam theory to be helpful in thick beams where the shear deformation is paramount. In this research work, the trigonometric shear deformation theory for thick beam, which includes the sinusoidal functions in the thickness coordinate accounting the shear deformation, is explored. A thick simply supported beam is considered subjected to uniformly varying load, the flexural stress and displacement along the thickness and span are obtained. Further the implementation of numerical method, namely finite element method, was explored. The two-dimensional plane stress nine-noded isoparametric displacement-based finite elements were used to develop the thick beam problem and the finite element analysis was conducted by programming the procedure in MATLABr, a technical computing software. The finite element analysis procedure applied to find the displacement and stresses in the model. The calculated displacements and stresses are validated against the equivalent finite element analysis model in ADINAr, a general purpose finite element analysis software.

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007041   Patel S;Shah H N (NO, , ) : Review on an investigation on the effect of immersed medium in eriction stir welding of aluminium alloys (AA 6061-T6). J Mater metall Engng 2017, 7(1), 9-16.

Friction stir welding is solid state welding technology used for welding of low melting point metals such as Al, Mg and its alloys. FSW process can be controlled by different parameterslike rotational speed, feed rate and welding medium. In this process, a cylindrical nonconsumable tool, with a profiled probe (pin) rotating about its own axis is slowly plunged intothe abutting edges of work pieces rigidly clamped to a backing plate. When the shoulder of the tool touches work piece surface, the tool is translated (with an axial force) along the length of the joint forming the joint in the solid state. In this research, friction stir welding parameters and its effect on aluminium alloy AA 6061-T6 is investigated. Aluminium 6061 alloy is commonly used for construction of aircraft structures. In experimental part, the effect of different welding parameters on thermal histories, tensile properties and micro structuralproperties are studied. Friction stir welding consumes less energy. It provides improved mechanical properties. This paper gives review of basic concepts of friction stir welding of Aluminium alloys.

007040   Patel S N;Patel D S;Pathak K A (NO, , ) : Analytical comparison of a gas turbine blade cooling using wet and dry air. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(3), 1-12.

Air cooling is widely used technique to shield the turbine aerofoils against hot flue gases. The cooling of a gas turbine blade using wet air and dry air as a coolant is analytically investigated. The investigation is carried out considering effect of rotation for inward and outward flow of coolant. Wet air cooling performance is compared with dry air cooling. It has been observed that wet air provides better cooling and the performance improves with increase in relative humidity. The temperature of blade at tip decreases from 1293.44 K to 1172.6 K when relative humidity of wet air is increased from 10% to 90%.

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007039   Patel D S;Pathak K A (NO, , ) : Investigation of supersonic flow past a cavity using basic numerical techniques. J expl appl Mech 2016, 7(2), 30-40.

This study, investigating various features of supersonic flow past a cavity, uses higher order essentially non-oscillatory Roe (ENO-Roe) method as the numerical method that solves full compressible Navier-Stokes equation in two dimensions. The turbulence effect is modelled considering 3% level of turbulence and by imposing the turbulent gust. It is seen that vortex shedding, which is a small scale phenomenon compared to other features of the flow, has been properly captured with simple clustering grid function. Shear layer oscillation and shock formation has also been captured. This simple clustering avoids very small grid requirement in the entire domain. Thus, it can be seen that for such complex flows a simple grid function and simplistic model of turbulence works within limits for ENO-Roe method of discretization.

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007038   Pandya R K;Bhatt H J;Patil S D (NO, , ) : Study of energy recovery method using pressure exchanger device for variouscapacities reverse osmosis plants. J expl appl Mech 2017, 8(1), 23-7.

Water is required to produce energy, and energy is required to produce potable water by reverse osmosis process. An RO water desalination system consists of the pretreatmentsection, the desalination section and the post treatment section. In the new design of plants, different energy recovery methods are adopted to reduce the energy consumption ofdesalination section. Among the various energy recovery systems, the pressure exchanger system is used to reduce energy consumption up to 30 to 35% and also regarding a highpressure pumps size and scale up of the system. Secondary effect of the use of the PX (pressure exchanger device) is, increasing of feed salinity due to the mixing of theconcentrated water coming from RO section with the portion of feed water passing through the PX device, on the contact layer between the two streams. In this paper, we are mainlyfocused on working, application and use of energy recovery device like pressure exchanger for various capacities reverse osmosis plants.

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007037   Ohtkar S N;Rane S B;Ambesange A A;More A A; Rane S V (NO, Centre for Materials for Electronics Technology (C-MET), Pune-411 008) : Nanostructured metal oxide based thick film sensors. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 93-7.

Sensors form a vital part of any measurement and control system. Currently available gas sensors detect gases at high temperatures, i.e. <62> 100°C. In the present work, efforts have been made towards developing sensors which provide higher sensitivity, comparatively low operating temperature and improved long-term stability at reduced cost. This is possible with the hybrid Thick Film Technology (TFT) which offers flexibility in the choice of materials and design, easy integration with electronic circuits and packaging. We have done a survey of different base materials, i.e. SnO₂, TiO₂ and ZnO for construction of these sensors. Out of which we have chosen SnO₂ and TiO₂ as basic sensing material. We have done the detection of different gases such as hydrogen, ethanol, and ammonia for detection purpose. The aim was to develop gas sensors which will detect gases at lower temperatures (<60>100°C). We have successfully done so using TiO₂ and SnO₂ sensors, but we have obtained better results using TiO₂ i.e. gas detection in the range of 50 to 70°C. In recent years, nanomaterials have been widely studied as potential candidates for the fabrication of gas sensors as they provide higher surface-to-volume ratio. The use of semiconductor oxide sensor fabrication is the preferred manufacturing process due to its better performance and potentially low cost.

15 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

007036   Ohatkar S N;Banarase U S;Borkar A V;Gund S H (Electronics and Telecommunications Dep, MKSSS's Cummins College of Engineering for Women, Karvenagar, Pune-411 052) : Bandwidth enhancement of microstrip slot antenna. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 98-102.

Microstrip Patch Antenna is generally used in modern communication devices due to its low cost and small area. But have narrow bandwidth so they have limited applications. Bandwidth enhancement is done by using various slot shapes in combination with different feed geometries. The slots can be of various shapes such as 'U' shaped, 'E' shaped and rectangular shaped slots. Here, the proposed wide-slot antennas employ E-shaped slot. The E-shaped radiating slot is etched on a rectangle substrate with a relative dielectric constant. A substrate of low dielectric constant is selected to obtain a compact radiating structure that meets the demanding bandwidth specification. The characteristic impedances of the microstrip lines are nearly 50O. This design is simulated using ''Integral Equation three Dimensional'' (IE3D) software package of Zealand. The simulated results show that the antenna resonates at 2.66GHz and has bandwidth upto 12%.

19 illus, 13 ref

007035   Nitin Kumar;Patil S;Pramod B V;Dinesh B R (Civil Engineering Dep, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangaluru, Karnataka) : Evaluation of drying shrinkage on PQC and HVFAC with and without steel fibers. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 41-7.

In this paper Drying shrinkage and Moisture movement test is conducted confirming to IS 1199 and IS 4031 for Pavement Quality Concrete and High Volume Fly Ash Concrete. The integrity of such properties can be assessed by using material non-destructive test method ? by using Ultra Sonic Pulse Velocity Test. In continuation with above studies to correlate for the compressive strength of the concrete, Static Flexure test is also conducted for the beams cast at the laboratory.

3 illus, 15 tables, 7 ref

007034   Navale D;Gupta S (NO, Sinhgad Jr. College Vadgaon, Pune) : Analysis of adulteration present in milk products. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(6), 166-7.

Milk may contain some harmful microorganisms like bacteria along with some potentially beneficial microbes. Microbiological analysis of milk is carried out to determine the degree of bacterial contamination in milk and to understand the chemical changes brought in milk as a result of microbial action. Pasteurization is done to destroy such harmful bacteria. If pasteurization of milk is not carried out properly there will be presence of larger count of bacteria in the milk. Milk contains many other nutrients and the carbohydrate lactose. An emulsion is a suspension of droplets of one liquid into another liquid. Milk is an emulsion of fat in water. Butter is an emulsion of water in fat. Milk is a pale liquid produced by the mammary glands of mammals. It is the primary source of nutrition for young mammals before they are able to digest other types of food. Early-lactation milk contains colostrums, which carries the mother's antibodies to its young and can reduce the risk of many diseases. The solute is known as the dispersed phase and the solvent is known as the continuous phase. Other examples of emulsions include margarine, mayonnaise, cream, and salad dressing. A colloidal solution is when matter exists in a state of division in between a true solution, which is sugar in water, and a suspension, which is chalk in water. The characteristics of a colloid are small particle size, electrical charge, and affinity of the particles for water molecules. In milk, the whey proteins are in colloidal solution. This paper detects various types of adulteration present in milk products.

28 ref