010047   Patel Y E;Shaikh H M;Patel N G (Zoology Dep, H. J. Thim College of Arts and Science, Jalgaon-425001, Email: yusufpatel70@gmail.com) : Seasonal variations in density and diversity of zooplankton of Waghur dam near Jalgaon (M.S.), India. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 24-30.

Present study deals with seasonal variation in density and diversity of zooplankton of Wahgur dam water near Jalgaon in Maharastra. Waghur dam water is mostly used for drinking, irrigation and domestic purposes. The zooplankton dynamics can greatly influence the water quality of this dam. Therefore the population composition and seasonal variation of zooplankton were carried out. For study, samples were collected from the four different sampling stations (A, B, C and D) of Waghur dam. The quantative analyses of zooplankton has revealed the fact that rotifers, cladoceran, copepodes and osracods were the major components of its total bulk in Wahgur dam. The maximum abundance of total zooplankton appeared in summer and its minimum was noted in early monsoon. The values of number of zooplankton species indicating the pattern of diversity has exhibited a different dominating trends of its major subgroups as given Rotifera>Cladocera>Copepoda>Ostracoda. The Waghur dam had moderate diversity of total zooplankton with 23 species belonging to four taxonomic groups. Out of 23 species, 10 species belong to Rotifera, 6 to Cladocera, 4 to Copepoda and 3 to the Ostracoda.

3 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

010046   Pandey J;Singh I;Srivastava N K (Zoology Dep, K.N.I.P.S.S., Sultanpur, Email: gjrapandey knipss@gmail.com) : Changes in protein contents in a fresh water fish, Channa punctatus due to industrial effluents. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 41-4.

Effect of mixing of effluents of sugar and other industries in river Gomati passing through Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh was studied on protein contents in fresh water fish, Channa punctatus. Protein contents in Channa punctatus decreased due to pollution caused by industrial effluents and variations in fishes collected in different months showed that this reduction was also dependent on seasonal changes.

4 tables, 8 ref

010045   Nanware S S;Bhure D B;Deshmukh V S (Research and Post Graduate Zoology Dep, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded-431 602, Email: drajbhure82@gmail.com) : Incidence of infection of cestode genus senga<. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 31-6.

Present investigation deals with the incidence of infection of cestode Senga microrostellata^{10 parasitizing of Mastacembelus armatus25 from different localities of Latur District (M.S.) India. The high prevalence of cestode parasites occurred in summer (80.00 %) followed by winter (52.50 %) whereas infection was low in monsoon (37.50%).}

4 illus, 1 table, 34 ref

010044   Nandikeswari R;Sambasivam M (Zoology Dep, J.N.R.M (Govt. P.G. College), Port Blair, Andaman & Nicobar Islands-744 104) : Length-weight relationship of Terapon puta (Cuvier, 1829) from Puducherry waters. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(2), 1-6.

Present study investigates the length-weight relationship of Terapon puta from Puducherry (East coast of India). A total of 485 individuals of different sizes were collected from Puducherry landings centre. Length-weight relationships were calculated for all fish samples. The length weight relationship equations are W = 0.1313 L^{1.9890; W = 0.5091 L1.5078; W=0.6090 L1.4752; W = 0.1332 L2.0543; W = 0.1207 L2.0246; W = 0.0841 L2.2074 for immature male, immature female, matured male, matured female, total male and total female respectively. The growth exponential (b) values were found to be negatively allometric for all the stages.}

8 illus, 2 tables, 44 ref

010043   Mogalekar H S;Ansar C P;Raman N N; Jayachandran K V;Dinesh K;Kolhe S (Fisheries College and Research Institute, , Thoothukudi-628 008, Email: mogalekar.hs10@gmail.com) : Fish diversity of Vembanad lake in the Panangadkumbalam region of Kochi, Kerala, India. Pollut Res 2015, 34(2), 345-9.

Vembanad Lake is second largest brackish water lake in the India. The status of fish diversity and seasonal variation in their distribution and abundance were investigated in Vembanad Lake at Panangad-Kumbalam backwater. In total 48 samples have been analyzed which were taken throughout June 2012 to May 2013. A total 2231 individuals were encountered, comprising 39 species of finfishes belonging to 27 families, 11 orders and 31 genera. Fish abundance was high during pre-monsoon season (780 numbers), whereas low during post monsoon season (455 numbers). Primer K6 software was used to quantity the fish species diversity and species abundance data. The indices of diversity included Shannon-Wiener diversity (H') ranged from 2.9 to 3.4, Margalef's species richness (`d') ranged from 4.8 to 7.05, Pielou's evenness (J') ranged from 0.95 to 0.97, Taxonomic diversity (Δ) ranged from 86.8 to 91.4, Average taxonomic distinctness index (Δ+) ranged from 91.8 to 92.6 and Total phylogenetic diversity index (sPhi+) ranged from 1633 to 2300. The Bray-Curtis similarity found Fmaximum between north east monsoon and pre-monsoon was 78.9 %. Estimates from these indices were indication of high fish species composition and richness.

1 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

010042   Mistry J (Zoology Dep, Kaliganj Government College, Debagram, Nadia, West Bengal-741 137) : Ichthyofaunal diversity of Ahiran Lake in Murshidabad District, West Bengal, India. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(2), 15-18.

Ahiran Wetland Lake is an important Bird Area situated in Murshidabad district, West Bengal, India has recorded 47 species of fish belonging to 18 families. Out of 47 species, 20 species of Cyprinidae families are dominated in the study area and represented by 42.55%. 6.38% found under the families of Channidae and Mastacembelidae in each, 4.25% found under the families of Cichlidae, Ambassidae, Anabantidae, Osphronemidae, Notopteridae, Clupeidae and 2.12% was found under the family Nandidae, Aplocheilidae, Clariidae, Heteropneustidae, Belonidae, Synbranchidae, Anguillidae, Gobidae, Tetraodontidae each.

1 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

010041   Mangat H K;Harjit Kaur (Zoology Dep, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: mangat_h@yahoo.com) : Evaluation of crude euphorbiaceae latex against black slug, Filicaulis alte ferussac. Indian J Ecol 2015, 42(2), 466-8.

Feeding responses of black slug with yellow mid-dorsal streak, Filicaulis alte towards crude latex of different plants in wheat bran bait were observed in no-choice laboratory feeding tests. Their molluscicide effect for the control of the slug was in order of Euphorbia splendens <62> Calotropis procera <62> Ficus bengalensis <62>Ficus elastica. The bait with 2% crude latex of E. splendens was most effective bait resulting in 36.7% slug mortality. C. procera latex (1.5%) in wheat bran bait caused 23.3% mortality while latex of F. bengalensis (1.5%) caused 20% slug mortality. All concentrations of F. elastica latex in bait neither acted as repellent nor as molluscicide.

1 table, 11 ref

010040   Mahajan A;Tank S (Biosciences Dep, Veer Narmak South Gujarat University, Surat-395 007, Email: yogsaianjali@gmail.com) : Effct of HgCl₂ on the protein content of Mozambique tilapia (Oreochomes Mossambicus). Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 95-9.

In our study fresh water Mozambique tilapia, live and health were collected from private farm at Nanikakrad, near Navsari in south Gujarat (India). Prawns were acclimatized to laboratory conditions for 24 to 36 hrs prior to experiments. LD was decided and after that M. tilapia were exposed to different doses of 5, 10 and 15 ppm of HgCl₂ for 8,16 and 24 days duration. The effect of HgCl₂ on protein content of muscle tissue was studied. The results clearly indicated that as duration and dose increased, there was a drastic reducation in protein content of prawn muscle tissue. It was in turn an indication of toxic effect of HgCl₂.

3 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

010039   Kurhade S (P. G. Zoology Dep, New Arts, Commerce and Science College, Ahmednagar-414 001, Email: sudhakarkurhade@gmail.com ) : Anatidae of Jaikwadi bird sanctuary: an important wintering ground from central Maharashtra (India). Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 71-4.

Seventeen Anatidae species are reported from the Jaikwadi Bird Sanctuary. The seventeen Anatidae members include 13 dabbling ducks and 4 diving ducks. Among reported Anatidae two species are with R/WM status, four are with R/LM status and eleven are with WM status. Almost all recorded Anatidae are mentioned Scheduled IV of Wildlife (Protection) Act 1972, while one species (Comb Duck Sarkidiornis melanotos ) is mentioned in Appendix II of The Convention on International Trade of Endangered Species (CITES).

1 illus, 1 table, 3 ref

010038   Kurane S;Bhoje P M;Sathe T V (Zoology Dep, Shivaji University, Kolhapur- 416 004, Email: proftvsathe@rediffmail.com ) : New species of the genus Oecophylla (Hymenoptera: Formicidae). Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 37-40.

Ants are destructive insects of agriculture, horticulture and forest crop plants and also act as biocontrol agents against agricultural pests. Therefore, a new species Oecophylla kolhapurensis sp. nov. has been described for the first time. According to the key this species runs close to Oecophylla smaragdina by having following characters, Colour pattern, Size, Clypeus strongly convex However, it differs from the above species by having following characters- 1. Eyes more large, Body proportion length and width, Legs shorter (Longer in O. smaragdina), Flagellar formula : 1L/W=2.1, 3L/W=2.1, 4L/W=2.4, A=2.2

5 illus, 4 ref

010037   Kudale R G;Rathod J L (Zoology Dep, Tuljaram Chaturchand College, Baramati, Savitribai Phule Pune University) : Sex composition of the fringe scale sardine, Sardinella fimbriata (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1847) from Karwar waters, Karnataka. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(2), 19-21.

Sex composition of fringe scale sardine Sardinella fimbriata (Cuvier and Valenciennes, 1847) has been studied from Karwar waters, Karnataka. Sex ratio was calculated for different months and size groups of the fish were tested by using Chi-square (X^{2) test. The ratio for different months and size groups of males to females was found to be 0.97: 1.02 and 1.02: 1.03 respectively. The test of significance revealed that in January, August and December 2012 proportion of males and females varied, X2= 3.2 = 4.642, X2= 4.9 = 1.064 and X2= 3.36 = 3.665 (P<60>0.05) respectively. The Chi-square test for pooled data did not show any significant variation (X2= 1.64 = 0.148, P<60>0.05). An attempt has been made to study the sex composition of Sardinella fimbriata; these findings will help to predict the yield and exploitation of these fish from Karwar waters.}

2 illus, 18 ref

010036   Deshmukh V S;Nanware S S;Bhure D B (Research and Post Graduate Zoology Dep, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded-431 602, Email: snanware@rediffmail.com ) : Bio-systematic studies on Proteocephalus granularis sp. nov. (Cestoda: Proteocephalidae<. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 85-9.

Present study deals with description of a new species of cestode genus Proteocephalus, collected from intestine of freshwater fish, Mystus seenghala11 at Kandhar, Dist. Nanded (M.S.) India. Proteocephalus granularis sp.nov. comes closer to all the known species of genus Proteocephalus in general topography of organ but differs due to broad scolex, suckers five in number, large, neck absent, mature Proglottids slightly broader than long, cirrus pouch pyriform, genital pore marginal, testes 55-60 in numbers, ovary bilobed, ootype oval and vitellaria granular.

3 illus, 14 ref

010035   Avneet Kaur;Harjit Kaur;Hundal S S (Zoology Dep, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: avneetsandhu04gmail.com) : Impact of cadmium on feeding response and growth of Filicaulis alte ferussac and Macrochlamys indica godwin-austen. Indian J Ecol 2015, 42(2), 363-5.

Bait was offered containing different concentration of cadmium (50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 400 ppm and 800 ppm) in no choice laboratory feeding tests, to study the effect on feeding responses and mortality of snail (Macrochlamys indica) and slug (Filicaulis alte). Presence of cadmium resulted in inhibition of feeding in dose dependant manner. Low mortality was recorded in treatments. Juvenile slugs when exposed to lowest concentration of cadmium showed a decrease in weight along with mortality, which suggests that slug was more sensitive to cadmium contaminated food and can be used as bio-indicator of cadmium laden sites.

2 tables, 13 ref

010034   Agrawal S P (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. (PG) College, Civil Liines, Ksanpur, Email: shashiagarwal29@gmail.com) : Prediction of bioaccumulation factors of some common herbicides through QSAR based bioinformatics. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 90-4.

In present study I used QSAR (Quantitative structural activity relationship ) model to predict bioaccumulation factor of herbicides. Here I have taken 40 herbicides and predicted with the help of T.E.S.T.software. I analysed that experimental log 10 value of one herbicides was greater than 3.50 (value recorded 3.51). It means it was potent to BAF. I also observed that out of 40 herbicides , experimental log 10 value for BAF of 14 herbicides and predicted log 10 value of 31 herbicides were below 3.50. It means that these herbicides were not potent to BAF.

1 table, 2 ref

010033   Aditya Kumar;Jain R K;Gahlot P;Pawan Kumar (Veterinary Anatomy Dep, College of Veterinary Sciences Lala Lajpat Rai University of Veterinar, Hisar-125 004, Email: dradityakumar10@gmail) : Axillary artery and its branching pattern in goat. Haryana Vet 2015, 54(2), 178-80.

Present work was undertaken to study axillary artery and its branching pattern in goat. This artery was the continuation of subclavian artery after the latter dispatched the superficial cervical artery. The axillary artery ran between the thoracic wall and pectoral limb toreach medially the flexor aspect of the shoulder joint. The axillary artery gave off the external thoracic artery, subscapular artery, caudal circumflex humeral artery and cranial circumflex humeral artery in the axillary region.

5 illus, 8 ref

010032   Abdar M R (Zoology Dep, Krantisinh Nana Patil College, Walwe Dist. Sangli, Maharashtra, Email: abdarmohan01@gmail.com) : Diversity of zooplankton in Morna lake, Western ghats, Maharashtra. Flora Fauna 2015, 21(1), 45-54.

Morna Lake is largest lake of ShiralaTahsil in Sangli District, Maharashtra. It is constructed over Morna River in the basin of Krishna. Present study was undertaken to investigate the physico - chemical characteristics and diversity of zooplankton of the Morna Lake. The presence of Brachionuscalyciflorus, Brachionusrubense. Brachionusfalcatus from rotifers, Cyclops, Mesocyclop from copepods and, Ceriodaphnia, Chydorus, Moina, Macrothrix from cladocerans, pollution indicated species of zooplankton dominantly shows in station A (Shirala) and Station B( Padali) . These sites were infested not only by the influx of animal waste but also polluted due to domestic activities like bathing, washing, human activities and agricultural practices. The Lake was found to be moderately polluted and showed a trend of increasing eutrophication.

14 illus, 4 tables, 23 ref

010031   Datta M (Zoology Dep, Nabadwip Vidyasagar College, Nabadwip, Nadia-741 302, Email: madhuban.nvc@gmail.com) : Acute toxicity of deltamethrin to goldfish Carassius auratus under varying experimental conditions. Pollut Res 2015, 34(2), 451-5.

Four sets of bioassays were conducted to evaluate acute toxicity of deltamethrin, a pyrethroid pesticide, to gold fish Carassius auratus under varying experimental conditions using static bioassay procedure of APHA (2005). It was found that the acute toxicity of deltamethrin to gold fish was profoundly influenced by solvent and water quality parameters. The acetone solution of deltamethrin was found about 10,000 times more toxic than it's aqueous solution. Gold fish was found more susceptible to deltamethrin in public supply/tap water with hardness 250±6 mg/L as CaCO₃ (96h LC₅₀ 0.0028 mg/L) as compared to deltamethrin in borewell water with hardness 670±7 mg/L as CaCO3 (96h LC₅₀ 0.0049 mg/L) Susceptibility also increased during summer (temperature 24.5±1°C) as compared to winter (15.5±1°C) with summer 96h LC₅₀ value being 0.0028 mg/L and winter 96h LC₅₀ being 0.0049mg/L.

2 tables, 20 ref

009098   Velho-Pereira S;Parvatkar P;Furtado I J (Microbiology Dep, Goa Univ, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 203, Email: ijffurtado@unigoa.ac.in) : Evaluation of antioxidant producing potential of halophilic bacterial bionts from marine invertebrates. Indian J pharm Sci 2015, 77(2), 183-9.

Marine invertebrates exposed to high levels of reactive oxygen species in the oceans have been reported to produce antioxidants as a major defense against free radical mediated toxicity; protecting their tissues from the damage associated with the oxidative stress. In view of this, the present study was carried out to determine the antioxidant activity of 100 bacterial bionts isolated from marine sponges, corals and a single bivalve. Methanol extract of biont GUVFCFM-3 produced 67.83% scavenging of 2,2-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radicals and 65.87% scavenging of superoxide free radicals. Preliminary tests leading to the identification of the extracellular antioxidant factor produced by GUVFCFM-3 revealed that it is a peptide. We report that the genera Chromohalobacter sp. primarily known for its unique salt tolerating abilities by virtue of the production of osmolytes is an excellent scavenger of free radicals.

4 illus, 25 ref

009097   Vatikonda S R (Zoology Dep, Entomology Div, Nizam College(A), Osmania Univ, Hyderabad, Telengana, Email: vattikonda18@gmail.com) : Effect of andrographolide on feeding behaviour of Papilio demoleus L., (Lepidoptera: Papilionidae) larvae. Asian J Bio Sci 2015, 10(1), 65-70.

Botanical insecticides are currently of interest because of their successful application in plant protection as biocontrol agents. Andrographolide which was isolated from Andrographis paniculata evaluated for its antifeedant activity against the fourthinstar larvae of Papilio demoleus. Preliminary screening after 24 hrs and 48 hrs of exposure at a concentration of 200 ppm exhibited 83.60 per cent and 80.05 per cent antifeedant activity significantly. The protected leaf area at 200ppm was 32.08 ± 0.84 sq.cm and 28.55 ± 0.72 sq.cm after 24 hrs. and 48 hrs, respectively. The antifeedant activity of andrographolide was also examined at 150, 100 and 50ppm concentrations which significantly reduced the feeding ability of larvae. The results imply that extract of A. paniculata, can potentially be used as an alternative pest control agent against the Papilio demoleus larvae.

1 table, 31 ref

009096   Trivedi J N;Soni G M;Arya S;Vachhrajani K D (Marine Biodiversity and Ecology Lab, Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, The M.S. Univ of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, Email: kauresh@gmail.com) : First record of Macrophthalmus laevis A. Milne Edwards, 1867 (Decapoda: Brachyura: Macrophthalmidae) from India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 85-7.

Brachyuran crab species belonging to family Macrophthalmidae Dana 1851 are mostly found in mangrove and mudflat intertidal area. Six species belonging to sub family Macrophthalminae Dana 1851, genus Macrophthalmus Desmarest, 1823 were reported from different mangrove and mudflat areas of Gujarat state. The present study reports the presence of Macrophthalmus laevis A. Milne Edwards, 1867 for the first time from India. The detailed description of the species is given.

2 illus, 20 ref

009095   Sundaram S (NO, Mumbai Research Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, 2nd Floor, C.I.F.E. old campus, Fisheries Univ road, Seven Bunglows, Versova, Mumbai-400 061, Email: sujitsundaram@hotmail.com) : Fishery and biology of Sepia pharaonis Ehrenberg, 1831 off Mumbai, northwest coast of India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 43-7.

Fishery of Sepia pharaonis by trawlers at New Ferry Wharf (NFW) during 2000 - 2011 in Mumbai waters is described. The landings ranged from 438 t (2004) to 1,763 t (2005) and the catch rate ranged from 0.17 kg/hr (2003) to 1.04 kg/hr (2005). The relationship between dorsal mantle length (DML) and total body weight (TBW) for males, TBW = 0.0008414 * DML ^{2.57989 and for females, TBW = 0.0009723 * DML 2.55201. Fish formed the major food item in both the sexes (87.1% in males and 86% in females) followed by prawns. Females were dominant in the catch with a sex-ratio of 1:1.24. Maximum numbers of males were mature (43.6%) while maximum numbers of females (37.2%) were spawning. The size at 50% maturity for females was estimated as 153 mm. The major peak spawning season for the species is during February to May.}

3 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

009094   Samanta S;Choudhury A;Chakraborty S K (Zoology Dep, Vidyasagar Univ, Midnapore-721 102, Email: susantachakraborty.com) : Morpho-anatomical study of Lingula anatina Lamarck, 1801 from West Bengal-Odisha coast, India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 26-33.

Lingula anatina, the living inarticulate brachiopoda has been reported in the present paper from the intertidal belt of Subarnarekha estuary at the confluence of Bay of Bengal. The genus Lingula being the oldest of all living genera is considered as living fossil which reveals an ancient lineage to Pre- Cambrian period. The morphological (shape and sizes of shell, pedicle, muscle, lophophore, mantle digestive system, coelom, nephridium and gonads etc) and microanatomical (Histological features of different parts of body) studies of this newly recorded species from West Bengal- Orissa coast, India have been undertaken and presented.

14 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

009093   Sajeevan M K;Sanadi R B (NO, Fishery Survey of India, Botawala chambers, Sir P.M. Road, Mumbai-400 001, Email: sajeevanfsi@gmail.com) : Evaluation of the effect of lunar cycle and monsoon on catch of yellowfin tuna. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 62-6.

Sea around Andaman and Nicobar islands is one of the best tuna fishing ground and catches of yellowfin tuna forms a major constituent of Tuna longline fishery. The present study is an attempt to evaluate the effect of the lunar cycle and monsoon on the catch rate of yellowfin tuna based on exploratory tuna longline survey carried out by M.V. Blue Marlin, Fishery Survey of India, Port Blair. Present study provided information on the abundance of resources in time and space, environmental factors affecting its distribution and its significance in abundance of yellowfin tuna. The results of the present study indicated that there is a significant effect of the lunar cycle on the catch rate of yellowfin tuna occurring in the Andaman and Nicobar waters. The result showed that monsoon also significantly affects the catch rates of yellowfin tuna. Downward trend of year wise catch rate noticed during the study period warrant strict management measures on the tune longline fishery.

4 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

009092   Sahayak S;Joshi K K;Sriramachandramurty V (Ornamental Fish Div, Marine Products Export Development Authority, Chennai-600 040, Email: joshyguru@gmail.com) : Taxonomy of the ocean triggerfish, Canthidermis maculata (Tetradontiformes, Balistidae) from the Indian coast. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 56-61.

Collection and analysis of fishes of the genus Canthidermis done during 2000-2002. The results revealed high intraspecific colour variation among the samples collected from different localities. Canthidermis maculata from Indian seas is redescribed with new characters and examined the status of synonyms of the species. The regression analysis using data of various morphometric measurements on standard lengths revealed a low relationship and significant, suggesting that C. maculata showed high degree of variability in morphological characters. The examination reveals that C. willughbeii (Lay and Bennett, 1839), C. rotundatus (Proce, 1822), C. villosus Fedoryako, 1981 are junior synonym of C. maculata (Bloch, 1786).

4 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

009091   Ramalingam V;Thirunavukkarasu N;Chandy N; Rajaram R (DNA Barcoding and Marine Genomics lab, Marine Science Dep, School of Marine Sciences, Bharathidasan Univ, Tiruchirappalli-620 024, Email: drrajaram69@rediffmail.com) : Proximate composition of trash fishes and their utilization as organic amendment for plant growth. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 11-15.

Study aims to characterize and determine the potential use of trash fish manures in agricultural fields. Nutrient and minerals were analyzed in trash fish samples. High amount of nitrogen (6%), phosphorous (5%) and potassium (4%) were present in trash fish and used for plant growth study. Three commercial plants viz. Lycoperscon esculantum, Hibiscus esculenta and Solanum melongena were selected for analysis. The shoot length, root length, total length, number of leaves, leaf length, biomass of the plant and roots division were measured in every 15 days interval upto 45 days. After 45 days, the percentage of root length growth of L. esculantum, H. esculenta and S. melongena in experimental plants showed 84, 99 & 82% and the shoot length growth were 50, 45 & 66% higher than the control plants. The outcome of the result in the experimental plants showed fast growth than the control plants. Two way Analysis of Variance showed that the root length and shoot length significantly affect the plant growth.

5 tables, 30 ref

009090   Radhakrishnan E V;Jayasankar P (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North P.O., Kochi-682 018, Email: evrkrishnan@yahoo.com) : First record of the reef lobster Enoplometopus occidentalis (Randall, 1840) from Indian waters. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 88-91.

Single specimen of the reef lobster, Enoplometopus occidentalis measuring carapace length 57.0 mm, total length 127.0 mm and 46.7 g in weight was landed at Mandapam fish landing centre, on the southeast coast of India. The lobster was caught during the deep sea trawl fishing operations off Mandapam (08° 58' N lat. 79° 16' E long.). This is the first record of the species from Indian waters. The morphological characters along with colour pattern are described. The large chelae in the specimen were found missing.

2 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

009089   Nabirye H;Mwebaza Ndawula L;Bugenyi FWB; Muyodi F J (Biological Science Dep, Makerere Univ, P O Box-7062, Kampala, Uganda) : Evaluation of cage fish farming effects on water quality using selected benthic macro-ivertebrate community parameters in the napoleon gulf, Northern lake Victoria. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(1), 42-50.

Since the proliferation of cage fish farming in Uganda has raised concern over water quality deterioration, a study of the effects of cage fish farming on water quality in the Napoleon Gulf, Northern Lake Victoria was conducted during October 2012 to February 2013. Selected water column physico-chemical parameters and benthic macro-invertebrates' community parameters (i.e. numerical abundance, Shannon-Weaver diversity Index and modified Hilsenhoff Biotic Index) were analyzed monthly at both cage and non-cage sites. No significant differences were observed in physico-chemical parameter values, benthic macro-invertebrates' numerical abundance and Hilsenhoff Biotic Index between cage and non-cage sites. On the other hand Benthic macro-invertebrate species diversity differed significantly between the reference site and cage site 2 (P<60>0.05). Pollution tolerant Chironomus sp. and Melanoides tuberculata Muller, 1774 were significantly higher at the cage sites than the non-cage sites (P<60>0.05). These results suggest that cage fish farming significantly changed water quality.

6 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

009088   Libini C L;Idu K A A;Manjumol C C;Kripa V; Mohamed K S (Blacklip Pearl Oyster Laboratory of CMFRI, Fisheries Training Centre, Marine Hill, Port Blair 744101, Andaman and Nicobar Islands, Email: linoylibini@gmail.com) : Growth and survival of the blacklip pearl oyster Pinctada margaritifera (Linnaeus) spat reared with various combinations of microalgae in different stocking densities. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 5-10.

Present study has revealed that, the temperature has a crucial role among the observed physiochemical parameters on the growth and survival of P. margaritifera spat. Instantaneous growth rates (IGRs) in DVM, APM and TWT were calculated and used to assess the variation in growth of spat reared with different feed mixtures (FM-1 - 8) of five diatoms and stocking densities (SD-10, 20 and 30). Among all treatments, FM-3, 4 and 5 gave better performance than that all other combinations of diatoms. Chaetoceros calcitrans, Nannochloropsis oculata and Chlorella marina was formed major shares (60%) respectively in combination with 10% each of rest of algae. FM-7 which had all diatoms in equal (20%) measure performed as the next best feed combination. Poor growth was observed in spat fed with FM-2 which was dominated by Isochrysis galbana (60%) and FM-6 which comprised of an equal measure (30%) of Pavlova salina, Isochrysis galbana, Chaetoceros calcitrans and Nannochloropsis oculata and Chlorella marina at 5% each. When the stocking density increases (SD-20 and 30) growth rates (IGRs) in all three variables decreased irrespective of feed combinations. Mortality rates varied in different treatments and also with stocking densities. Maximum mortality was observed in control (FM -8) in all the stocking densities. However, in all the feeding combinations and stocking densities, 100% survival was observed upto the 9th DOC and mean cumulative mortalities showed a gradual increase. Comparatively very less cumulative mortality and better growth performance were recorded in stocking density, SD-10.

4 illus, 2 tables, 35 ref

009087   Kaladharan P;Asokan P K;Koya K M;Bhint H M (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Cochin-682 018, Email: kaladharanep@gmail.com) : Plastic debris in the stomach of a longman's beaked whale, Indopacetus pacificus (Longman, 1926) stranded off sutrapada, veraval, Saurashtra coast, India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 92-4.

Longman's beaked whale or the Indo- Pacific beaked whale ( Indopacetus pacificus ) is a rarely occurring whale with very poor information on sighting or stranding, though more common in western Indian Ocean region. Threat to marine fauna from the ingestion of plastic carry bags and other non-biodegradable debris scattered on the ocean surface and at the seafloor is increasing at alarming proportions. This communication describes the stranded adult female Longman's beaked whale near off Sutrapada, Veraval, Gujarat coast that has presumably been choked to death due to the ingestion of four thick plastic bags, which was revealed from the autopsy conducted by the Gujarat Forest Department and the Wildlife Treatment Centre, Sasan Gir, Gujarat.

2 illus, 12 ref

009086   Istkhar;Chaubey A K;Aasha;Bhat A H (Nematology Laboratory, Zoology Dep, Chaudhary Charan Singh Univ, Meerut-250 004) : Virulence and recycling potential of entomopathogenic nematodes (nematoda: steinernematidae, heterorhabditidae) from Saharanpur district, Western Uttar Pradesh, India. J Ent Zool Stud 2016, 4(1), 27-32.

Entomopathogenic nematodes have been developed as the new hope for insect pest management. Four isolates of entomopathogenic nematodes tagged as CS₁, CS₂₁, CH₅ and CH₆ were recovered from the soil of Saharanpur District of Uttar Pradesh, India, two of each genus Steinernema and Heterorhabditis respectively and were tested for their pathogenicity and recyclingrnpotential against Galleria mellonella larvae. Results revealed that isolate CH₆ was highly virulent and caused 100% mortality within 48 h followed by CS₂₁ and CH₅ within 60 hours. A positive correlation was found between LC₅₀ and LT₅₀ values where increment in LT₅₀ lead to the increment in LC₅₀ values. The recovery of IJs/larva was 3.1±0.13x10^{5, 2.16±0.1x105, 1.68±0.08x105and 1.44±0.1x105 with CS₁, CH₅, CH₆ and CS₂₁ respectively. Results revealed that all the isolates are highly virulent with an excellent reproductive potential in laboratory condition and can be applied further for pest management and commercialization.}

3 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

009085   Hafijunnahar;Rahaman M A;Hossain M M M (Fisheries and Marine Bioscience Dep, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jessore Univ of Science, Jessore-7408, Bangladesh) : Investigation on breeding of Vietnam strain of climbing perch, anabas Testudineus (Bloch) reared in a commercial hatchery. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(1), 8-12.

Investigation was conducted to know the breeding biology of Vietnamese climbing perch (Anabasrntestudineus), locally known as Koi. Monthly samples were collected from Rupali Fish Hatcheryrnthroughout the period from January to July 2014. Five gross ovarian stages i.e. immature (mean ovarndiameter 0.17±0.05 mm), maturing (mean ova diameter 0.33±0.05 mm), mature (mean ova diameterrn0.63±0.11 mm), ripe (mean ova diameter 0.76±0.08 mm) and regressing (mean ova diameter 0.29±0.09rnmm) were observed. The highest mean GSI value for female and male were 14.91 and 8.33 respectivelyrnin May that indicates the peak breeding season. Size at first maturity for female was approximately 20.5rncm in total length and fecundity was ranged from 50610 to 227378. The relationship between fecundityrnand total length (TL), fecundity and body weight (BW), fecundity and ovary weight (OW) and fecundityrnand ova diameter (OD) were linear. The present study provides the first detailed information about thernbreeding biology of Vietnamese Koi in Bangladesh. Therefore, the results will play a vital role for therninduced breeding, proper management and conservation of this species.

6 illus, 3 tables, 22 ref

009084   Gangan S S;Nirmale V H;Metar S Y;Chogale N D; Pai R;Patil S D;Patil K D;Balange A K (NO, Khar Land Research Station, Bandar Road, Opp. Old Panvel Court, Panvel-410 206, Email: shardul76@rediffmail.com) : Validation of indigenous knowledge used in the management of bivalve fishery of south konkan coast of Maharashtra. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 34-42.

Study was conducted to gain access to the indigenous knowledge of the fishermen engaged in the bivalve fishery practiced in the South Konkan Coast and its subsequent assessment by experts working in area of fisheries management. A total of 100 fishermen constituted the sample size of the study. The data were gathered through a combination of personnel interview and non-participant observation methods. The study has documented rich, varied and potential indigenous knowledge associated with the management of the bivalve fishery. The indigenous knowledge on variety specific habitats, fishery season for bivalves, preference timing and depth of operation, effect of different abiotic phenomenon on condition and availability of bivalves, methods of their exploitation are based by and large on scientific rationality, efficacy and use of local resources as evidenced from the ratings of the experts.

5 illus, 8 tables, 20 ref

009083   Das D (Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, ICAR, Barrckpore, Kolkata-700 120) : Upendra beel flora conservation and hydroponics. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(1), 34-41.

Aquatic flora may primarily mandatory for natural inland fisheries. In this present communication a few aquatic flora are enlisted herewith for their major role other than fisheries as well. Aquatic flora are easy growing plants and can also be studied ideally as hydroponics. These plants may benefit fisheries along supplementary nutrition for human, poultry and cattle. Aquatic plant database of economic importance are mentioned for natural preservation. Such may be the need of the day to support their culture through hydroponics.

3 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

009082   Chinnadurai S;Bhave V;Apte D;Mohamed K S (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018, Email: chinnaduraitvl@gmail.com) : First record of long-tailed pelagic sea slug Stylocheilus longicauda (Gastropoda: Opisthobranchia) from southwest coast of India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 81-4.

Long-tailed sea slug Stylocheilus longicauda was recorded for the first time from southwest coast of India. A single specimen measuring a total length of 70.51mm was collected from a floating bottle, along with bunch of goose-neck barnacles from Arabian sea off Narakkal, Vypeen Island, Kochi. Earlier identifications were made based on the morphology of the animal without resorting to description of radula. This makes it difficult to differentiate the species from Stylocheilus striatus which has similar characters. The present description details the external and radular morphology of Stylocheilus longicauda.

3 illus, 28 ref

009081   Chatterjee S;Mazumdar D;Chakraborty S K (Zoology Dep, Vidyasagar Univ, Midnapore-721 102, Email: susantachakraborty@yahoo.com) : Ecological role of fiddler crabs (Uca spp.) through bioturbatory activities in the coastal belt of East Midnapore, West Bengal, India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2014, 56(2), 16-25.

The fiddler crabs, being a dominant intertidal macrobenthic faunal components' contribute significantly to ecosystem functioning by their repeated burrowing and re-burrowing activities which enhance the aeration of soil, reshuffle textural components of different layers of sediments and promote nutrient recycling. These biogenic processes collectively termed as 'bioturbation', is the disturbance of sediment layers, act as major modulators of microbial activities and accelerate biogeochemical processes in the land-water interface. The present paper has attempted to study the structural diversity of different biogenic structures formed by 3 species of fiddler crabs in the temporal and spatial scales and also to assess their functional roles towards bio-geo-physico-chemical cycling in the ecosystem by virtue of their survival strategies vis-…-vis feeding, territory protection, aggression, female attraction, courtship signaling etc. in the coastal belts of Midnapore (East), WestBengal, India. The fiddler crab species, the Uca acuta acuta exhibited maximum bioturbatory activities followed by U. lactea annulipes and U. triangularis bengali mostly during premonsoon at high-tide-level. Statistical analyses such as ANOVA, Duncan Tests have been computed to establish the level of significance of variabilities among different tidal levels in the studied intertidal belts in different seasons of two consecutive years.

7 illus, 6 tables, 41 ref

009080   Charan A A;Charan A I;Verma O P;Naushad S S (Molecular and Cellular Engineering Dep, Sam Higginbottom Institute of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Email: amit.charan@shiats.edu.in) : Profiling of antioxidant enzymes in cat fish (Clarias batrachus) exposed to phenolic compounds. Asian J Bio Sci 2015, 10(1), 6-14.

Pollution of water sources due to chemicals plays a primary role in the destruction of ecosystems but chemical analyses alone may not suffice to describe the adverse effects of the complex mixtures of chemicals present at contaminated sites. The potential utility of biomarkers for monitoring both environmental quality and the health of organisms inhabiting in the polluted ecosystems has received increasing attention during the last years. In the present investigation, the antioxidant profile of Clarias batrachus, a fresh water fish was determined by evaluation of antioxidant enzymes, SOD activity, catalase activity, glutathione peroxidase activity, glutathione-S-transferase activity, reduced glutathione, level of conjugated dienes, hydrogen peroxidase activity and malondialdehyde level. The studies showed that in fishes after exposure to phenolic compounds (treated group), there was a significant abnormal level of all the parameters as mentioned above at P<60>0.05 in comparison to normal (untreated group).

8 tables, 27 ref

009079   Chandrani W A Y;Wattevidana J;Attygalle M V E (Zoology Dep, The Open Univ of Sri Lanka, Nawala, Nugegoda, Sri Lanka) : Fatty acids composition of two fish species in family leiognathidae under different cooking methods. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(1), 37-41.

Analysis of fatty acid compositions in marine fish under different cooking methods is important to promote understanding of potential relationship between consumption of fish and human health from nutrition. This study was carried out to determine the fatty acid composition in two Leiognathus spp. Gazza minuta and Leiognathus dussumieri compared at three cooking methods, steaming, boiling and deep frying. It was noted that the steamed and boiled cooked fish muscle of Leiognathus dussumieri had low percentages of saturated fatty acids but Gazza minuta had high percentages. It was observed that after deep frying some fatty acids (C14:0 and C16:0 ) in Gazza minuta had high percentages and other fatty acids (C15:0, C17:0, C18:0) were significantly low and present study has shown that high percentages of monounsaturated fatty acids were found in the steamed and boiled cooked muscles of Leiognathus dussumieri and Gazza minuta. It was noted that high amount of polyunsaturated fatty acids, namely eicosapentaenoic (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic (DHA) in steamed and boiled cooked muscles of Gazza minuta and low amount in deep fried cooked muscle were recorded. Major n-6 fatty acid, arachidonic acid was found in high amount in steamed and boiled cooked samples of Gazza minuta but it was low in deep fried samples. Concentration of arachidonic acid and Docosahexaenoic acid in steamed and boiled samples were slightly lower in Leiognathus dussumieri. Finally, it can be suggested that from the health point of view fried fish is not a good source of omega-3 and omega -6 fatty acids and it reduces the health benefits.

1 illus, 5 tables, 18 ref

009078   Banu S K S;Hareesh K;Reddy M S (Zoology Dep, Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Evaluation of nutritional status of penaeid prawns through proximate compostion studies. Int J Fish aqua Stud 2016, 4(1), 13-19.

Proximate composition and biochemical constituents were analysed in the muscle tissue of penaeid prawns selected in the present investigation namely Peaneus monodon, P. indicus, P. semisulcatus, Litopenaeus vannamei, Metapenaeus monoceros and M. dobsoni. The Crude protein, Carbohydrate, Lipid, Moisture, Ash, Free amino acids, Free Fatty acids including Saturated, Mono-Unsaturated and Poly-Unsaturated Fatty acids quantified in the muscle tissue of Penaeid Prawns clearly demonstrates the nutritional status of edible Portion of prawns i.e., muscle tissue for human consumption due to its possessing of good quality of Proteins, higher amounts of free amino acids, lower amounts of fats. From the results obtained in the present investigation, it inferred that all the Penaeid prawns selected are supposed to have the ideal nutritional ingredients hence are considered as good source of food for human consumption.

4 illus, 6 tables, 38 ref

008217   Vivek Kumar;Trivedi S P (Environmental Toxicology & Bioremediation Laboratory (ETBL), Zoology D, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: vivekkumarsb@gmail.com) : Antimutagenic effect of Lawsonia innermis leaves extract against copper toxicity in a freshwater fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch.). Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 123-8.

Lawsonia innermis (Lythraceae), commonly called "henna", is one of the popular global cosmetics and holds ample significance in traditional medicines as well, besides a potent antimutagenic agent. The present work is focused to screen antimutagenic potential of ethanolic extract of henna leaves against copper (Cu₂+), a known mutagen in freshwater fish, Channa punctatus used as a vertebrate model for micronucleus (MN) test. In the first set of experiment, fish were exposed to a single treatment of Copper sulphate (LC₅₀ /10; 0.4mg/l)) along with the controls. The micronuclei slides were prepared from blood of fish collected at multiple intervals (24, 48, 72 and 96 h). Cu₂+ when used alone induced MN in the fish, in a time dependent manner. In the second set of experiment, three concentrations of henna extract (1, 2 and 3 mg/l) were run simultaneously, with the same concentration of Copper sulphate (0.4mg/l) for estimation of antimutagenicity. In mixed treatment, henna extract reduced the frequency of MN. Although, the reductions were significant in dose dependent manner. Results suggested that under present experimental conditions, henna extract exhibits excellent antimutagenic activity in this fish model, thus, the present study opens a new vista for the conservation of fish biodiversity by employing indigenous traditional knowledge (ITK) in the form of "Henna".

1 illus, 1 table, 36 ref

008216   Verma R;Singh A K;Jaiswal K;Mishra S (NO, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Central Univ, Lucknow-226 025) : Endocrine-disrupting compounds in river Gomti: sources, detections and effects. Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 79-90.

Many EDCs and PPCPs in water have raised substantial concern among the public and pollution control board, however, very little is known about the fate of these compounds during drinking and wastewater treatment and consequently permitted limit remains undecided. A brief overview of some methods available for the assessment of endocrine disruption activity in environmental samples are provided discussing various aspects to understand the impacts of such compounds at the physiological as well as gene level. The relevance of endocrine-disrupting compounds (EDCs) as potential contaminants in River Gomti has been reviewed in this paper. The sources of EDCs and primary pathway to reach in the water bodies are also discussed. The adverse effect by these compounds on the physiology of different aquatic animals has been described. Several approaches for measuring expression of gene transcripts are discussed, including directed approaches, such as blotting techniques and quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) as well as micro arrays. Each of these methods provides important information about the molecular mechanisms that result from exposure to EDCs.

^iia1 table, 82 ref

008215   Tabassum N;Khan A A (Zoology Dep, M.G. College, Gaya-823 001) : Studies on seasonal variations in haematological parameters and its relationship with breeding cycle in Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 75-7.

Studies on seasonal variations in different blood parameters and their relationship with breeding cycle have been made in an air breathing siluroid fish, Clarias batrachus (Linn.). Various haematological parameters showed wide range of variations in different months of the year. The RBC counts, Hb context and PCV etc. were higher during summer months (when the temp were also higher) and breeding seasons while these Values (blood parameters) showed lower Values during wints and non breeding periods. No statistical relationship could be established between water temperatures Vs. various blood parameters.

1 table, 10 ref

008214   Srivastava P K;Pandey A K (NO, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Lucknow-226 002, Email: praveen2ku28@gmail.com) : Role of immunostimulants in immune responses of fish and shellfish. Biochem Cell Archs 2015, 15(1), 47-73.

In recent years, the fish and shellfish consumption has increased but the total world production decreased. The main cause of the decreased fish production is the occurrence of diseases caused by different bacterial and viral pathogens. There is a growing need to control, prevent or minimise the devastating effects of diseases in fish and shellfish culture without recourse to toxic chemicals or antibiotics. In keeping with alternative approaches without using toxic chemicals to control fish and shellfish diseases, many medicinal plants and their extracts act as immunostimulant mainly by enhancing non-specific immunity and help in combating the pathogens. These are Cyanodon dactylon, Coriolus versicolor, Eclipta alba, Gracilaria tenuistipitata, Glucan, Levamisole, Traditional Korean Medicine (TKM), Withania sominiferum, Sargassum hemiphyllum, Styrax japonica and Tribulus terrestris etc. These immunostimulants mainly facilitate the function of phagocytic cells, increase myeloperoxidase, bactericidal and lysozyme activities and stimulate the natural killer cells, complement system, phenoloxidase, respiratory burst activity, nitric oxide synthase and antibody responses which confer enhanced protection from infectious diseases. Purpose of this review is to summarize and evaluate the current state of knowledge on immunostimulants, their actions in fish and shellfish immune response and potentials to be applied for enhancing aquaculture production.

2 illus, 1 table, 382 ref

008213   Soni S;Andhare V (Zoology Dep, The Institute of Science, Mumbai) : Changes in the haemoglobin values and behaviour patterns in stressed tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 33-5.

In this study the effect of stress was observed in haemoglobin values and behavioural patterns of Tilapia, Groups of fishes were subjected to netting stress. They were caught within the net and kept out of water for 12 times, each time for 60 seconds with an interval of 5 minutes. After giving this stress, it was observed that the haemoglobin levels increased and there was a modification in the behavior of fishes.

1 table, 9 ref

008212   Siddique H;Hadique M D (Zoology Dep, A.M. College, Gaya-823 001) : Pesticide induced changes in physiological profiles in a fresh water teleost, Channa gachua (Ham.). Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 69-73.

In the present work an attempt has been made to study the effect of malathion (an organophosphate on the oxygen consumption and blood of an air breathing fish Channa gachua (Ham). It had been found that this pesticide causes a significant decrease in the oxygen consumption, RBC counts, haemoglobin (HB) concentration, PVC and MCHC. However, a clear trend of increase in total WBC counts was observed. The possible reasons for such changes have been discussed. It has also been observed that the dose of the malathion and death time (TLm in hours) offish is inversely related.

3 tables, 21 ref

008211   Sharma G D;Jha A N (Zoology Univ Dep, B. R. A. Bihar Univ, Muzaffarpur, Bihar) : New species Haplorchoides muzaffarpurensis from fresh water fish Mystus menoda.. Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 65-7.

During the investigations made for endohelminth fauna of siluroid fish hosts of Muzaffarpur a new species of digenetic trematode parasite Haplorchoides muzaffarpurensis was collected from the fish host Mystus menoda which differs from all the reported species under Genus Haplorchoides Chen, 1949 in having extraordinarily long prepharynx, a bit reduced oesophagus, very reduced bipartite vesicula seminis, position of testis i.e., shifted towards right intestinal caeca and having three spines on gonotyl.

1 table, 4 ref

008210   Rizvi A F;Singh K P;Niraj Kumar (NO, The Institute of Applied Sciences, Allahabad-211 002) : Stock assessment of a non-commercial fish Sciaena coitor (hamilton, 1822) from middle stretch of river Ganga. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2015, 38(1), 9-12.

Based on the length frequency data growth, mortality, and population parameters of Sciaena coitor from the scoop net (mesh size 0.5-2 cm) catches from middle stretch of Ganga at Allahabad were estimated. The length-weight relationship for pooled data was log W = 76.39315 L^{2.48487. The asymptotic length (L∞) and growth coefficient (K) were estimated to be 198 mm, and 0.868 year-1, respectively. The total, fishing and natural mortality coefficients were estimated as 3.31, 1.55 and 1.76 respectively while the 'E' 0.468 year-1. The recruitment was continuous with one peak per year. The Lc₅₀ was obtained at 115 mm. Yield isopleth diagram generated, give optimum yield at E of 0.4 and Lc/L_∞ = 0.58.}

19 ref

008209   Rekha Kumari;Sinha M K (Zoology Dep, A.N. College, Patna, Email: drrekhap@gmail.com) : Evaluation of possible curative potential of methanol and aqueous extract of Ganoderma lucidum (P. Karst) against ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 17-23.

Ehrlich ascites carcinoma (EAC) is one of the commonest experimental tumors for the purposes of modeling having resemblance with human tumors. Tumors in human are mostly sensitive to chemotherapy due to the fact that they are undifferentiated and have a rapid growth rate as EAC cells. But the major problem in cancer is that our immune system work modest with tumors because it lacks Pathogen -Associated Molecular pattern (PAMPS) that enables our immune system to recognize and response robust against that amiss. For recognition cancer cells must display some new discriminating structure that can be recognized by immune system. Present study has been performed to explore those substances that have shown curative action against cancer cells. Ganoderma lucidum are used in traditional Chinese medicine for more that 1000 years as a remady to cure chronic ailment like hepatitis, bronchitis, asthma, arthritis, allergies, fatigue, high blood pressure as well as regression of tumors. The methanol (70%) and aqueous extracts of Ganoderma lucidum was more potent than aqueous extract. Its curative action was measured using several parameters like survival time, peritoneal cell count, hematological studies and above all on solid tumor mass and its histological details. Oral administration of both extracts increased the survival time reduced solid tumor volume as well as restore the RBC count, WBC count & Haemoglobin amount.

4 tables, 25 ref

008208   Ramesh R;Chakraborty S K;Venkateshwarlu G (NO, Central Institute of Fishries Education, Off Yari Road, Versova, Mumbai-400 061, Email: rathodcife@gmail.com) : Seasonal Changes in total lipid content and fatty acid profiles of Ribbon Fish, Lepturacanthus savala (Cuvier, 1829). Fish Technol 2015, 52(2), 95-100.

In order to evaluate the seasonal changes in nutritive value of ribbon fish, in relation to size, total lipid and fatty acid profiles of different sizes of ribbon fish, Lepturacanthus savala captured in different seasons were studied. Total lipid content was significantly (p<60>0.05) high in large sized ribbon fish captured during winter and lowest in medium size groups during post-monsoon season. A total of 37 fatty acids were identified by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry encompassing saturated, mono unsaturated, n-6, n-3 poly unsaturated and odd and branched chain fatty acids. The highest content of eicosapentaenoic acid (9.42%) and docosahexaenoic acid (33.16%) were found in the post-monsoon season. The high levels of n-3 PUFA (12.37 - 43.14%) and favourable n-3/n-6 PUFA ratio of 1.79 to 5.04 revealed nutritional significance of ribbon fish in human diet. The difference between small, medium and large groups of ribbon fishes of the respective season based on fatty acid composition was clearly established by principal component analysis.

1 illus, 3 table, 36 ref

008207   Patole S S (Zoology Dep, V.V. M's S. G. Patil Arts, Science and Commerce College, Sakri Dist- Dhule, Email: sspatole63@gmail.com) : Ichthyofaunal diversity of Tapi river flows through Dhule and Nandurbar districts of northwest Khandesh (Maharashtra), India.. Proc Zool Soc India 2015, 14(1), 43-50.

Nandurbar and Dhule districts (Northwest Khandesh region of Maharashtra State (India) are transversed by the river Tapi and its principal tributaries viz., Panzara, Burai. Arunavati, Gomai, Vaki, Daheli etc constituting together a length of 190 Km. Ichthyofaunal diversity were undertaken during November 2013 to April 2014. The survey was made from six collection centers of both districts. The results of the present investigation reveal that occurrence of 32 species belonging to 23 different genera in 6 orders and 12 families were recorded. The member of family Cyprinidae were dominated by 16 (50%) species followed by Bagridae and Chandidae each with three species, Channidae with two species, Balitoridae, Belonidae, Cichlidae, Clupeidae, Gobidae, Notopteridae, Schilbeidae and Siluridae contribute each with single species. As no attempt had been made in the past to explore the ichthyofaunal diversity of this region. All the species reported in present investigation are reporting fist time under mopping survey programme. It is concluded that the fish in this area are under threat due to anthropogenic activities such as overfishing and organic and inorganic pollution of the river. Therefore site based conservation action plants are needed for conservation of rare and threatened fish in this area.

2 tables, 25 ref

008206   Mondal R P;Ghosh A;Bandyopadhyay S;Chandra G (Zoology Dep, Bankura Sammilani College, Bankura, West Bengal) : Functional response analysis of Anisops sardea (Hemiptera: notonectidae) against Culex quinquefasciatus in laboratory condition. Indian J med Res 2014, 140(4), 551-5.

Culex quinquefasciatus is the principal vector of lymphatic filariasis (LF). Application of alternative vector control methodologies are aimed at reduction of mosquito breeding sites and biting activity through the use of biological control methods. In the present study, functional response of aquatic Hemipteran backswimmer, Anisops sardea was assessed against Cx. quinquefasciatus larvae in laboratory bioassay. The functional respons of A. sardea was assessed against III rd instar larvae of Cx. quinquefasciatus. Respective handling times and coefficient of attack rates were determined by a non linear polynomeal regression equation. The results of rates of predation in variable prey densities exhibited a 'linear rise to plateau curve', associated with 'Type -II' functional response. The logistic regression estimated a significant negative linear parameter (P₁<60>0) which also supported the same observation. Associated 'attack rates' and 'handling times' were also calculated using the Holling Disc Equation. The results of present experiments indicate that A. sardea can be used as a biocontrol agent against the larval forms of Cx. quinquefasciatus in temporarily available breeding places of mosquito with relatively clear water. However, a detailed field study has to be done to confirm these findings.

1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref