011078   Kundu S K;Majee A;Hajra A (Chemistry Dep, Visva Bharati University, Santiniketan-731 235) : Environmentally benign aqueous zinc tetra-fluoroborate-catalyzed one-pot Biginelli condensation at room temperature. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(3), 408-12.

Three component condensation to afford 3,4-dihydro-pyrimidin-2 (1H)-ones (DHPMs) and thiones has been reported using an aqueous solution of zinc tetrafluoroborate.

011077   Kumar S;Grover I S;Sandhu J S (Chemistry Dep, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002) : Practical, clean and green synthesis of vibrindole and bis(indolyl)methanes catalyzed by alum [KAl(SO₄)₂.12H₂O] in water. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(4), 585-9.

011076   Kumar R;Malik S;Chandra R (Chemistry Dep, Kirori Mal College, University of Delhi, Delhi-110 007) : Synthesis and antimicrobial activity of 4-[5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-di-hydropyridines and 4-[5-chloro-3-methyl-1-phenyl-1H-pyrazol-4-yl]-3,4-dihydropyrimidin-2- ones. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(5), 718-24.

New derivatives of dihydropyridine and dihydropyrimidone are synthesized by Hantzsch cyclization and modified Bignelli's cyclization, respectively. The antimicrobial activity of these compounds is also described. The compounds 2a, 3d, 3e and 3f show good activity.

011075   Kotha S;Bansal D;Ramanatham V K (Chemistry Dep, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai-400 076) : Synthesis of symmetrical and unsymmetrical trisubstituted benzene derivatives through ring-closing alkyne metathesis strategy and depro-pargyla-tion with various catalysts. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(2), 225-30.

011074   Kipkemboi P K;Kiprono P C;Ndalut P K (Chemistry Dep, Moi University, PO Box 1125, Eldoret, Kenya, Email: keronei@yahoo.com) : Preparation of mesoporous silica with amphiphilic poly(oxyethylene)/ poly (oxybutylene) diblock and poly(oxyethylene)/poly(oxypropylene) triblock copolymers as templates. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(4), 498-503.

Mesoporous silica can be formed with amphiphilic molecules acting as structure-directing templates in dilute systems. The effect of different block lengths of Pluronic surfactants, (EO)x-(PO)y-(EO)x, has been investigated and compared with that of poly(oxyethylene)/poly(oxybutylene) diblock copolymer in the formation of the mesoporous silica. Comparison is also made with earlier reports [Kipkemboi et al., Langmuir, 17 (2001) 5398] on the formation of the mesoporous materials. Micellar solutions of copolymers have been utilized for templated-silica synthesis under acidic conditions. Calcination of the silica products gives mesoporous materials. The EO-block length of the polymers determines the mesostructure of the silica. The synthesis temperature also influences particle size, wall thickness and pore diameter. The materials have been characterized by SAXS, transmission electron microscopy and nitrogen adsorption measurements.

011073   Kidwai M;Bansal V;Mishra N K;Bhatnagar D (Green Chemistry Research Lab, Chemistry Dep, University of Delhi, Delhi-110007) : Environmentally benign indium (III) chloride catalysed one-pot synthesis of quinolines. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(5), 746-8.

A convenient eco-friendly procedure has been developed for the synthesis of quinoline derivatives by a simple one-pot reaction of substituted anilines with b-ketoesters using recyclable indium chloride as catalyst in ethanol.

011072   Karabasanagouda T;Adhikari A V;Girisha M (NO, , SeQuent Scientific Ltd., New Mangalore-575 011) : Synthesis of some new pyrazolines and isoxazoles carrying 4-methylthiophenyl moiety as potential analgesic and anti-inflammatory agents. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(3), 430-7.

Condensation of 4-acetylthioanisole with different aryl aldehydes under aldol conditions affords α, β-unsaturated ketones (propenones) which undergo facile and clean cyclization with hydrazine hydrate to yield pyrazolines 3a-m and cyclization with hydroxylamine hydrochloride affords isoxazoles 4a-k in quantitative yields. The structures of the newly synthesized compounds have been confirmed on the basis of spectral studies. Some of the selected compounds have been tested for their analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity.

011071   Karabasanagouda T;Adhikari A V;Dhanwad R; Parameshwarappa G (NO, , Strides Research and Specialty Chemicals Ltd, New Mangalore-575 011, Email: avadhikari123@yahoo.co.in) : Synthesis of some new 2-(4-alkylthiophenoxy)-4-substituted-1, 3-thiazoles as possible anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial agents. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(1), 144-52.

A series of new 2-{[4-(alkylthio)phenoxy]methyl}-4-substi-tuled-l,3-thiazolcs 4a-q, 6a-j have been synthesized from ethyl [4-(alkylthio)phenoxy]acetates la,b through multi-step reaction sequence. The structures of new compounds have been established on the basis of their elemental analysis and IR, ¹H and ¹³C NMR and mass spectral data. Selected title compounds have been evaluated for anti-inflammatory activity and in vitro antibacterial testing against two pathogenic strains and antifungal screening against two fungi.

^iia1 sch, 5 tables, 18 ref

011070   Kamboj R C;Berar U;Berar S;Thakur M;Gupta S C (Chemistry Dep, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra-136 119) : Photo-reorganization of some 3-alkoxy-2-(alkoxy-phenyl)chromones. Indian J Chem-Sect B 0000, 48(5), 685-91.

A photo-reorganization of 3-alkoxy-2-(alkoxyphenyl)-chro-mones to isomeric angular tetracyclic compounds is described. Substituent effect of 3-alkoxy group and the effect of position of alkoxy group in phenyl ring are explained.

011069   Kamatchi S;Sabapathy Mohan R T;Gomathi R; Pandiarajan K (Chemistry Dep, Annamalai University, Annamalainagar-608 002) : Synthesis and NMR spectral study of some 5-aryl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enones and 5r-aryl-3t-cyano-3c-methylcyclohexanones. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(4), 553-62.

Eight 5-aryl-3-methylcyclohex-2-enones and seven 5r-aryl-3t-cyano-3c-methylcyclohexanones have been synthesized. NMR spectral data of these compounds are discussed.

011068   Jasamrit Kaur;Irvinder Kaur;Sonu;Goverdhan L K;Jasvinder Singh (Chemistry & Centre for Advanced Studies in Chemistry Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: jasnayyar@yahoo.co.uk) : Microwave and ultrasound assisted synthesis of 16-methyl-8(Z)-heptadecenoic and 16-methyl-6(Z)-heptadecenoic acids. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(1), 155-8.

The first total synthesis of two novel iso-branched heptadecenoic acids, the major components in a species of bacterium, Micrococcus, has been carried out using a rapid, simple and clean process utilizing microwave and ultrasound radiations.

^iia1 sch, 12 ref

011067   Ismail A M (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Alexandria Univ, P.O.426 Ibrahimia, Alexandria 21321, Egypt, Email: amelmostafa@yahoo.com) : Kinetics and mechanism of amine-catalysed solvolysis of azlactone in water-dioxan mixtures. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 49-54.

The effect of replacing solvent water by dioxan up to 50% v/v on the rate of catalytic-amine solvolysis of azlactone has been measured spectrophotometrically in the temperature range 40-60°C. Addition of an organic solvent to water largely decreases the rate of ring- opening process. Such an effect was found to diminish in the region of lower relative permittivity. The reaction rate constants are analyzed and discussed in terms of solvent effect and nucleophilicity of amines. ΔG gradually decreases as a function of increasing [water], due to a complex and quasi-mirror image compensation of ΔH and ΔS^≠. The variation of ΔH^≠ versus ΔS^≠ is linear. The catalytic coefficient, k_Am, for amine has been estimated from the general linear equation, k_obs= k_o+ k_Am [Amine]. The binary solvent mixtures used give an unusual range of properties. The plot of log k_Am versus log [H₂O] show two linear segments with intersection at 33.3 mol dm^-3 [H₂O]. The correlation between log k_Am and reciprocal of the relative permittivity is non-linear, while that between log k_Am versus pK_a is linear. All these observations are consistent with the suggested mechanism.

1 sch, 2 tables, 20 ref

011066   Ilhan S;Temel H;Sunkur M;Tegin I (Chemistry Dep, Siirt University, Faculty of Art and Sciences, Siirt, Turkey, Email: salihsiirt@gmail.com) : Synthesis, structural characterization of new macrocyclic schiff base derived from 1.6-bis(2-formylphenyl) hexane and 2,6-diaminopyridine and its metal complexes. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(4), 560-4.

A macrocyclic ligand has been synthesized by reaction of 2,6-diaminopyridine and 1,6-bis(2-formylphenyl)hexane. Its complexes with Cu(II), Ni(II), Pb(II), Zn(II), Cd(II) and La(III) have been synthesized by the reaction of ligand and Cu(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O, Ni(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O, Pb(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O, Zn(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O, Cd(ClO₄)₂.6H₂O and La(ClO₄₃6H₂O, respectively. The ligand and its metal complexes have been characterized. All complexes are diamagnetic while the Cu(II) complex is binuclear.

^ssc1 illus, 25 ref

011065   Ilhan S;Temel H (Chemistry Dep, Siirt University, Faculty of Art and Science, Siirt, Turkey, Email: salihsiirt@gmail.com) : Synthesis and characterization of macrocyclic Cd(II) complexes. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 378-82.

Ten new Cd(II) complexes have been synthesized with Cd(ClO₄)₂6H₂O, Cd(NO₃)₂6H₂O in chloroform-methanol. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, UV-vis spectra, magnetic susceptibility, conductivity measurements and mass spectra. On the basis of the spectral studies, four-coordinated tetrahedral geometry may be assigned to these complexes.

^ssc32 ref

011064   Ilhan S (Chemistry Dep, Siirt University, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Siirt, Turkey, Email: salihsiirt@gmail.com) : Synthesis and spectral characterization of Pb(II) perchlorate complexes. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 374-7.

Five new types of Pb(II) perchlorate complexes have been synthesized by template effect by reaction of 2,6-diaminopyridine, Pb(C1O₄)₂6H₂O and dialdehydes in methanol. The complexes have been characterized by elemental analysis, IR spectra, UV-vis spectra, conductivity measurements and mass spectra. On the basis of spectral studies, five coordinated and square pyramid geometry may be assigned to these complexes.

^ssc1 illus, 25 ref

011063   Hui R H;Zhou P;You Z L (Chemistry Dep, Anshan Normal University, Anshan 114007, PR China, Email: ruihua_hui@126.com) : Syntheses, crystal structures and antibacterial activities of two zinc complexes derived from 4-bromo-2-[(2-methylaminoethylimino)- methyl]phenol. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(5), 663-7.

Reactions of the tridentate Schiff base, 4-bromo-2-[(2-methylaminoethylimino)methyl]phenol with zinc acetate and zinc chloride, afford two polynuclear zinc complexes, [Zn{ZnL(μ₂-acetato-O,O)( μ₂-acetato-O,O')}<>2] (1), and [Zn₂L₂Cl₂] (2) respectively Complex (1) is a centrosymmetric trinuclear zinc compound, in which the two terminal Zn atoms are five-coordinate in a distorted square-pyramidal geometry, while the central Zn atom is six-coordinate in an octahedral geometry. Complex (2) is a dinuclear zinc compound, which possesses a two-fold rotation axis. In (2), one Zn atom is four-coordinate in a tetrahedral geometry, and the other one is six-coordinate in an octahedral geometry. The antibacterial activities of the Schiff base and the two complexes have also been tested.

011062   Hu H;Cao H;Jian Y;Zheng X;Liu J (Chemistry Dep, Longdong Univ, Qingyang 74500, P.R.China, Email: hhb-88@126.com) : Two new clerodane diterpenoid glucosides and other constituents from the roots of Elsholtzia bodinieri Van't. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(1), 166-70.

Two new clerodane diterpenoid glucosides, 6-hydroxy-(-)-hardwickiic acid 2'-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzyl ester 1 and 6,7-dihydroxy-(-)-hardwickiic acid 2'-β-D-glucopyranosylbenzyl ester 2, together with six known compounds, 5,7- dihydroxyflavone 3, 5,8,1 l,13-tetraene-18-oic acid 4, allonhimachol 5, oleanolic acid 6, daucosterol 7 and bodinioside B 8, have been isolated from the roots of Elsholtzia bodinieri Van't. Their structures have been elucidated by extensive spectroscopic and chemical methods, in particular by using 2D-NMR methods. All compounds except 3, 6, 7 and 8 have been first isolated from Elsholtzia bodinieri Van't.

^iia2 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

011061   He J;Lu J Q;Xie G Q;Qian L;Chen K F;Zhang X L;Luo M F (Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Reactive Chemistry on Solid Surfaces, Institute of Physical Chemistry, Zhejiang Normal University, Jinhua 321004, China, Email: mengfeiluo@zjnu.cn) : Characterization of CrO_x-Y₂O₃ catalysts for fluorination of 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(4), 489-97.

The fluorination of 2-chloro-1,1,1-trifluoroethane (CF₃CH₂Cl) to synthesize 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (CF₃CH₂F) has been carried out on various CrO_x-Y₂O₃ catalysts with different Cr loadings. The effect of Cr loading on the catalyst composition and structure has been investigated. X-ray diffraction and Raman results indicate that the CrOx species with high oxidation state (Cr(VI)) are well dispersed on the catalyst surface when the Cr loading was lower than 19.5 %. With increase in Cr loading, crystalline Cr₂O₃ and polymeric chromate are formed, which inhibit pre-fluorination of the catalysts. The catalysts are stable under the reaction conditions and the catalytic activity is strongly dependant on the pre-fluorinated CrOx content. The highest activity is obtained on a pre-fluorinated catalyst with a Cr loading of 19.5, with a 19 % CF₃CH₂Cl conversion at 320°C, corresponding to a formation rate of 2.03 mmol h^-1g^-1cat, which is 3-fold higher than the best result obtained over a Cr/MgF₂ catalyst (0.68 mmol h^-1g^-1cat) under similar conditions. The Cr-Al₂O₃ catalyst has also been prepared and tested for the probe reaction in this study. The activity is lower as compared to that of the Cr-Y₂O₃ catalyst with the same Cr content. The higher activity of Cr-Y₂O₃ catalyst may be due to the higher degree of dispersion of the Cr(VI) species on the Y₂O₃ support than on other supports. It is also found that the CrFx, CrOxFy or Cr(OH)xFy phases originating from higher oxidation state Cr(VI) species are the active sites for the fluorination reaction.

011060   Hazarika P;Sharma R L;Karim M;Bezbaruah B; Kalita R;Medhi C (Chemistry Dep, Gauhati University, PO Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014, Assam, Email: chitrani@satyam.net.in) : Prediction of pK_a from basic principles: Ab initio and DFT studies on some molecules. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(4), 520-5.

The quantum mechanical methodology based on the description of acid-base equilibrium for predicting pK_a of some selected molecules with the continuum model of solvent polarization is shown. The method is useful for predicting pK_a of selective molecules where the ionization of proton is basically controlled by the lone pair electrons of atomic site. However, it fails to predict pK_a of strong and very weak acids. The differences in the experimental and theoretically obtained values are negligible. The applicability of this theory for estimating pKa values of molecules within the range of 4-5 is clearly demonstrated.

011059   Harikumaran Nair M L;Sheela A (Chemistry Dep, University College, Thiruvananthapuram-695 034, Email: drmlhair@gmail.com) : Synthesis, spectral, thermal and electrochemical studies of oxomolybdenum(V) and dioxomolybdenum(VI) complexes of an azo dye derived from 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl pyrazol-5-one. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(12), 1787-92.

Some novel complexes of oxomolybdenum(V) and dioxomolybdenum(VI) with an azodye derived from 4-aminoªantipyrinc and 3-methoxyphenol have been synthesised and characterized by elemental analyses, molar conductance values, magnetic susceptibility measurements, IR, electronic, ESR, and ^-1H NMR spectra and cyclic voltammetric studies. The physico-chemical studies and spectral data indicate that the ligand acts as neutral bidentate. All the complexes are found to be monomeric and neutral with distorted octahedral geometry. The X-ray diffraction studies of [MoO(MOPAAP)Cl₃] and [MoO₂(MOPAAP)Cl₂] indicate that the complexes are orthorhombic with the unit cell dimensions a = 7.3277 Angstrom, b = 9.6663 Angstrom and c = 15.8897 Angstrom; and a = 8.5534 Angstrom, b = 9.5986 Angstrom, C = 15.4056 Angstrom respectively. The CV profile of the complex [MoO(MOPAAP)Cl₃] shows a quasi reversible peak, which indicates that the metal-ligand linkage is more covalent in nature. The thermal stabilities of the complexes have been compared and show that [MoO(MOPAAP)Cl₃] is more stable than [MoO₂(MOPAAP)Cl₂].

4 illus, 3 tables, 26 ref

011058   Gutman I;Jeremic S;Petrovic V (NO, , Faculty of Science, P.O. Box 60, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia, Email: gutman@kg.ac.rs) : Extending the phenyl-cyclopentadienyl rule. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(5), 658-62.

By examining the energy effect of cyclic conjugation in individual rings of acenaphthylene- and fluoranthene-type polycyclic conjugated molecules, a peculiar regularity - named the "PCP rule" - was recently discovered. According to the PCP rule, a six-membered ring which is connected to the five-membered ring by a single carbon-carbon bond increases the cyclic conjugation in the five-membered ring. An analogous regularity also exists in polycyclic conjugated species possessing an odd-membered ring of size greater than five.

011057   Gupta M;Paul S;Gupta R (Chemistry Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu-180 006) : Microwave-assisted one-pot synthesis of anti-fungal active 1-substituted-3,7-dialkyl/aryl-4H-pyrazolo[4,5-f][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b ][1,3,4]thia-dia-ze-pines using solid support. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(3), 460.

A simple, efficient and environment-friendly procedure is developed for the synthesis of 1-substitued-3,7-dialkyl/aryl-4H-pyrazolo[4,5-f][1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b] [1,3,4]thiadiazepines in the presence of N,N-dimethylformamide as an energy transfer medium, p-TsOH as catalyst and basic alumina as solid support under microwave irradiation.

011056   Gupta M;Bairwa B S;Karnawat R;Sharma I K; Verma P S (Chemistry Dep, University of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, Email: psvermajaipur@yahoo.com) : Electrochemical behaviour of 1, 3-diphenyl-3-hydroxytriazene and its copper complex. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 383-6.

1,3-Diphenyl-3-hydroxytriazene DPHT) and its Cu complex have been synthesized and characterized by elemental analysis, IR, ¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR spectra and magnetic susceptibility studies. DPHT acts as a bidentate ligand through N-hydroxy and triazeno groups and coordinates to the bivalent Cu metal ions. Cyclic voltammetry studies on glassy carbon electrode (GCE) as well as Pt electrode at various sweep rates and pH values reveal that DPHT shows six electrons irreversible reduction behaviour while its Cu complex undergoes one electron quasi-reversible electrode reaction. Electrochemical reduction of DPHT has been carried out at constant current using stainless steel (55-316) electrodes yielding phenylhydrazine and aniline. The products have been isolated, purified and characterized by combined application of chromatographic and spectroscopic techniques. Mechanism for electro-reduction of DPHT in acidic, aqueous and alkaline medium has also been proposed.

^ssc3 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref

011055   Gopalakrishnan S;Kamalutheen M;Syed Ismail T (Chemistry Dep, Manonmaniam Sundarnar Univ, Tirunelveli-627 012) : Antimicrobial activity of Merremia tridentata (L.) Hall. F. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2008, 15(1-2), 55-60.

The antibacterial and antifungal activities of petroleum ether (40°-60°C), benzene, chloroform, ethanol and water extracts of Merremia tridentata (L.) Hall. f. (Fam. Convolvulaceae) have been evaluated against seven pathogenic strains of gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis and Baccillus subtilis), gram-negative bacteria (Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella aerogenos) and the fungus, Candida albicans by using zone of inhibition assay. Then these activities are confirmed by Activity Index (Al) test. Activity Index values were higher for ethanolic extract against the standard ciprofloxacin for bacteria and clotrimazole for fungi followed by water extract. Among all the extracts tested the ethanolic extract of this plant showed a good antimicrobial potential against the microorganisms used in this study. The minimum inhibitory concentrations (MIC) for the ethanolic extract of this plant were determined and varied from 30 to 50 μg/ml.

10 ref

011054   Ghosh T;Mondal B (Chemistry Dep, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Centenary College, Rahara, Kolkata-700 118, Email: ictg_64@yahoo.co.in) : Mixed-ligand hydrazonato-oxovanadium(V) complexes incorporating salicylaldehyde as co-ligand. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 361-8.

[V^ivO(acac)₂] reacts with an equimolar amount of tridentate dibasic ONO donor hydrazone ligand derived from the condensation of benzoyl hydrazine with either 2-hydroxyacetophenone (H₂L¹) or its para-substituted derivatives (H₂L^2-4) (general abbreviation H₂L), in the presence of excess amount of salicylaldehyde (Hsal) in methanol under aerobic conditions producing the mixed-ligand [V^vO(L)(sal)], complexes (1)-(4) in good yields. The complexes are diamagnetic indicating the pentavalent state of vanadium and exhibit only LMCT transition band near 440 nm in addition to intra-ligand (π→π^*) transition band near 330 nm in CH₂Cl₃ solution. IR spectra of these complexes in KBr disc and their ¹H NMR spectra in CDCl₃ solution indicate the presence of two isomeric forms for each of these complexes in different proportions. λ_max (for the LMCT transition) and redox potentials of these complexes are linearly related to the Hammett constants (σ) of the substituents in the aryloxy ring of the hydrazone ligands.

3 illus, 1 table, 45 ref

011053   Garg D;Singh R V;Mehla S K (Chemistry Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur-302 004) : Physico-chemical assessment of groundwater quality of Bharatpur district during the premonsoon season 2007. Indian J Envir Ecoplann 2008, 15(1-2), 141-6.

This paper presents the important results of the physico-chemical analysis of the ground water samples of the open wells, bore wells and hand pumps of the Bharatpur district during the Pre-monsoon season 2007. Twelve spots were selected for water sampling. Level of water pollution at various sampling sites was monitored and compared with the standard values. The comparative study reveals that the water of most of the places under study is hard, contaminated with high TDS and hence it is not potable. At some sampling points sulphate is also found in higher concentration. The physico-chemical parameters like pH. temperature, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium hardness, magnesium hardness, carbonate hardness, non-carbonate hardness, chloride, sulphate, nitrate, total dissolved solids, fluoride, BOD and COD were analysed and explained with suitable reasons.

12 illus, 1 tables, 10 ref

011052   Ganguly J;Choudhury B P;Balakrish Nair G;Sen A K (Organic Chemistry (Carbohydrate) Dep, Indian Institute of Chemical Biology, 4, Raja S. C. Mullick Road, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700 032) : Structural characterization of the O-antigenic polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharide of Vibrio cholerae O37. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(5), 729-34.

011051   Dubey S;Bajju G D;Javed R;Sadiq T (Chemistry Dep, University of Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir-180 006, Email: gauribajju@gmail.com) : Synthesis and spectroscopic studies of axially ligated aluminium(III)-p-methyl-meso-tetraphenylporphyrins. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(4), 529-34.

Treatment of p-methyl-meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (p-CH₃TPP) with aluminium(III) acetylacetonate (Al(acac)₃) and phenol affords the corresponding axially ligated aluminium(III)-p-methyl-meso-tetraphenylporphyrin (Al(III)-p-CH₃TPP). The separation and isolation of these derivatives have been achieved through chromatographic methods. The free base porphyrin and its axially ligated Al(III) derivatives are characterized by various spectroscopic techniques. ¹H NMR spectra shows that the protons of the phenolic rings axially attached to the central metal ion are merged with the protons of the tetraphenyl ring of the porphyrin. The visible spectrum of axially ligated Al(III)p-methyl-meso-tetraphenylporphyrins show two bands i.e. Q-bands. In axially ligated Al(III) derivatives, Band Q-bands exhibit a red shift on increasing the polarity of the solvent. The emission bands of axially ligated compounds are blue-shifted compared to free-base porphyrin but in the presence of an electron-accepting group axially attached to Al(III), the emission spectra is marginally reel-shifted compared to other porphyrin compounds.

3 illus, 3 tables, 22 ref

011050   Dong H S;Huo G Y;Ma Z T (State Key Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Institute of Organi, Lanzhou Univ, Lanzhou, Gansu 730000, P.R., China, Email: donghengshan@lzu.edu.cn) : Synthesis of some new (1-aryl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl) diarylmethanol. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(1), 171-4.

The (1-aryl-5-methy 1-1 H-1,2,3-triazol-4-yl)diarylmethanols were synthesized by ethyl l-aryl-5-methyl-1H-1,2,3-triazole-4-carboxylate. The yielded products are investigated with NMR, MS, 1R, elemental analyses and X-ray crystallographic techniques.

^iia 1 illus, 2 tables, 71 ref

011049   Dolui B K;Bhattacharya S K;Kundu K K (Physical Chemistry Lab, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032, Email: bijoy_dolui@yahoo.co.in) : Single ion transfer entropies in binary mixtures of isodielectric protic ethylene glycol and dipolar aprotic N, N-dimethylformamide vis-a-vis 3D-structuredness of aqueous co-solvents. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2009, 48(4), 504-11.

Single ion transfer entropies, ΔS⁰_t(i) of some electrolytes like tetraphenylarsonium picrate, potassium tetraphenylborate, potassium picrate and potassium chloride from protic ethylene glycol to its isodielectric mixtures with 20, 40 and 60 wt % protophilic dipolar aprotic N,N-dimethylformamide have been determined at 25°C using the Ph₄AsPh₄B TATB reference electrolyte assumption, and solubility of the salts measured at 15°, 20°, 30° and 35°C, and that at 25°C reported earlier. ΔS^{0_t(i) of the ions as well as their chemical effects, ΔS0_t, _{ch(i) (as obtained after correcting for the cavity effects, ΔS0t, cav(i) and ignoring Born-type electrostatic effect ΔS0t, Bom(i), since the solvent mixtures are isodielectric), exhibit mirror-image behaviour of simple cation like K+ and anion like Cl-, which can be explained in the light of Kundu et al.'s four step transfer process. However, this feature in completely non-aqueous solvent system is strikingly different from that in aquo-cosolvent systems studied earlier, and offers an indirect evidence that the 'characteristic mirror-image relationship' of simple cations and anions, in aqueous cosolvent systems, is, as contended earlier, associated with 3D-'structuredness' of aqueous cosolvent systems. This reiterates that TΔS0t}, _ch(i) serves as a useful probe for the 3D-structuredness of aqueous cosolvents.}

011048   Divya Jyothi;Hari Prasad S (Studies in Chemistry Dep, Bangalore University, Central College Campus, Bangalore-560 001, Email: hariprasad@bub.ernet.in) : Efficient synthesis of some 5-substituted-3-methyl-2-cyclohexen-1-ones using microwaves. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(4), 630-2.

3-Methyl-2-cyclohexenone and its 5-substituted-derivatives are prepared in high yields and short duration of time, using the microwave irradiation technique by the condensation of ethyl acetoacetate with eight different aldehydes and piperazine.

^ssc1 table, 11 ref, 1 scheme

011047   Di Y Y;Gao S L;Chen S P (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Liaocheng Univ, Liaocheng 252059, Shandong Province, P.R. China, Email: yydi@lcu.edu.cn) : Thermochemistry of the compounds M(C₄H₇O₅)x nH₂O(s) (x = 1 and 2, n = 1 and 0) of several kinds of biologically active metal ions (M = Na, K, Mg and Ca) with L-threonic acid. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 62-5.

The constant-volume energies of combustion (Δ_cU) of the solid hydrated L-threonate, M(C₄H₇O₅)_x.nH₂O(s) (M = K, Na, Mg and Ca; x = 1 and 2; n = 1 and 0), have been determined to be Δ_cU [Na(C₄H₇O₅)-H₂O, s] = -(10241.95±5.14) J g^-1, Δ_cU [K(C₄H₇O₅)H₂O, s]=-(9103.12±4.71) J g^-1, Δ_cU [Mg(C₄H₇O₅)2^. H₂O, s] = -(10407.34±4.67) J g^-1 and Δ_cU [Ca(C₄H₇O₅)₂H₂O, s] = -(10097.09 ± 5.26) J g^-1 by an RBC-II precision rotating-bomb combustion calorimeter at 298.15 K. The standard molar enthalpies of combustion of these compounds ( Δ_cH°_m) have been calculated to be: -(1802.38±0.91), -(1748.47±0.91), -(3383.07 ± 1.21) and -(3130.65 ± 1.21) kJ.mol^-1. The standard molar enthalpies of formation of these compounds (Δ_fH_m° ) have been derived to be: -(1265.84±1.06), -(1292.59±1.06),-(2571.68±1.63) and -(2653.34±1.08) kJ-mol^-1 from the combination of the standard molar enthalpies of combustion of these compounds with other auxiliary thermodynamic quantities.

^iia1 table, 11 ref

011046   Dhara K;Roy P;Manassero M;Banerjee P (Inorganic Chemistry Dep, Indian Association for the Cultivation of Science, Jadavpur, Kolkata-700 032, Email: icpb@mahendra.iacs.res.in) : Self-assembly of hydrogen-bonded networks of [Cu(HL)Cl](PF₆) (HL + N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol) into 1D chains: formation of new submicrometer [Cu(HL)Cl]Cl](PF₆) rods. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 18-24.

A new mononuclear copper(II) complex [Cu(HL)Cl](PF₆) (1) having an N₄O-donor ligand (HL = N,N'-bis(2-pyridylmethyl)-1,3-diaminopropan-2-ol) has been synthesized and structurally characterized by X-ray crystallography. 1 shows a ID chain in the packing structure through intermolecular O-H-Cl strong hydrogen bonding interaction (O-H---Cl, 1.99(4) A and the angle (O-H-Cl) 163(4)°). The packing structure of 1 also shows π-π stacking [close contact 3.325^a Angustrum (a = 2-X,-Y,-Z)] of the large aromatic pyridine rings between adjacent chains. The ID structure stabilized by this type of π-π stacking interaction between adjacent chains leads to a 2D supramolecular network. A submicrometer rod structure of [Cu(HL)Cl](PF₆) with a diameter of 580 nm and a length of several microns has been prepared by drop casting method from the methanolic solution of 1. The morphology of submicrometer rod of 1 has been studied by SEM. The driving force for the growth of [Cu(HL)Cl](PF₆) rods is probably the strong intermolecular O-H-Cl hydrogen bonding interaction along the ID chain π-π stacking interaction between the adjacent chains.

4 illus, 1 table, 50 ref

011045   Devi N;Ganguly M (Chemistry Dep, Cotton College, Guwahati-781 001, Email: niradadevi@rediffmail.com) : Friedel-Craft reaction in dry media under microwave irradiation. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(1), 153-4.

Friedel-Craft reaction on aromatic and hetero aromatic compounds in dry media under microwave irradiation has been carried out successfully using acid washed montmorillonite K10 clay as well as TLC grade silica gel as heterogeneous catalyst. Both the catalysts are found to be almost equally efficient. This method enhances the rate of the reaction, increases yields and purity of products and leads to the development of an economic and eco-friendly procedure.

^iia1 table, 14 ref

011044   Deshmukh M B;Alasundkar K N;Salunkhe S M; Salunkhe D K;Sankpal S A;Patil D R;Anbhule P V (Chemistry Dep, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004) : Synthesis, X-ray diffraction and optical spectral study of benzo-18-crown-6 containing monoazo dyes. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(5), 737-40.

The 4'-nitrobenzo-18-crown-6 have been reduced by Fe/HCl to give 4'-aminobenzo-18-crown-6. This is diazotized and coupled with different phenols to give the corresponding azo-dyes. X-ray diffraction as well as UV-Vis study of 4' (β naphthol azo benzo)18-crown-6, dye have been reported.

011043   Desai N C;Bhavsar A M;Shah M D;Saxena A K (Medicinal Chemistry Div, University Dep of Chemistry, Bhavnagar University, Bhavnagar-364 002, Email: dnisheeth@redifmail.com) : Synthesis and QSAR studies of thiosemicarbazides, 1,2,4-triazoles, 1,3,4-thiadiazoles and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles derivatives as potential antibacterial agents. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(4), 579-89.

Several new 2-(2-( 4-chlorophenyl)acetyl)-N-arylhydrazinecarbothioamides 1, 5-( 4-chlorobenzyl)-4-aryl-4H-1 ,2,4-triazole-3-thiols 2, 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-N-aryl-1 ,3,4-thiadiazol-2-amines 3 and 5-(4-chlorobenzyl)-N-aryl-1 ,3,4-oxadiazol-2-amines 4 have been synthesized and screened for their antibacterial activity against gram +ve and gram -ve bacteria i.e Saurells and E. coli. The QSAR studies of these compounds have been carried out in terms of structural and physico-chemical parameters. Positive contribution of substituents present at position-2 of 2-[2-(4-chlorophenyl)acetyl]-N-arylhydrazine carbothioamides 1 with bulkier group indicate increase in hydrophobicity or steric bulk character.

4 tables, 28 ref

011042   De R L;Mukherjee J;Mandal M;Roy L;Bhowal R; Banerjee I (Chemistry Dep, Jadavpur University, Kolkata-700 032) : Synthesis and structure of 1-[3-{(2-hydroxy-benzylidene)amino}phenyl]ethanone. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(4), 595-8.

Two Schiff base ligands SACPNyH and 5BrSACPNyH are synthesised from the condensation reactions of salicyl-aldehyde and 5-bromosalicylaldehyde respectively with 3-amino-aceto-phenone and characterized by elemental analyses, mass, electronic and infrared spectral studies. The molecular structure of SACPNyH determined by single crystal X-ray crystallographic study is discussed.

011041   Das I;Agrawal N R;Ansri S A;Gupta S K (Chemistry Dep, DDU Gorakhpur University, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: ishwar_das@rediffimail.com) : Pattern formation and oscillatory electropolymerization of thiophene. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(12), 1798-1803.

Thiophene has been electrochemically polymerized using organic and inorganic oxidizing agents, 4-toluene sulphonic acid silver salt and perchloric acid, in the absence and presence of ZnSO₄. Electropolymerized aggregates have been characterized by morphological studies, growth kinetics, powder X-ray diffraction, differential scanning calorimetry, thermogravimetry and direct analysis in real time mass spectroscopy measurements. It is found that physical characteristics and morphology of polythiophene depend on the nature and concentration of the anion and field intensity. Morphologics of polymer aggregates using the silver salt of 4-tolucne sulphonic acid and HClO₄ are fibrillar and compact respectively. Transitions in morphology have also been observed when doped with ZnSO₄. Growth kinetics during electropolymerization of thiophene has also been studied at different thiophene concentrations, field intensity, and concentrations of oxidizing agents as well as in the presence of ZnSO₄. Growth rate is found to be higher with HClO₄ than with 4-toluene sulphonic acid silver salt. Polymer obtained by using the silver salt is thermally more stable and of low molecular weight (416) than that obtained with HClO₄ (689). During electropolymerization, change in anode potential is observed and has been monitored as a function of time. Correlation between morphology and oscillatory behaviour has been studied.

5 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

011040   Das D K;Bhattacharjya R (Chemistry Dep, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014, Email: digkdas@yahoo.com) : Vitamin K₃ encapsulated poly(vinylpyrrolidone) film modified glassy carbon electrode for studying the vitamin K₃ - caffeine interaction. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 394-6.

The cathodic and anodic peak carrents in cyclic voltammogram of vitamin K₃ encapsulated polyvinyl pyrollidone film modified glassy carbon electrode decrease with addition of caffeine (from 0.02 μM to 0.2 μM) in the electrolytic solution. Caffeine converts vitamin K₃ into diphenylenetetranol, which is electrodhemically inactive. This interaction between vitamin K₃ and caffeine is not observed when both are in solution.

^ssc1 illus, 17 ref

011039   Dandale A S;Deshmuskh S P (P.G Chemistry Dep, Shri Shivaji College, Akola-444 001, Email: anvitadandale@redifmail.com ) : Synthesis of some novel per acetylated lactosyl N-carbamides, N-benzothiazolyl carbamides and N-carbamates. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2008, 47(4), 613-18.

l-Hepta-O-acetyl-β-D-Iactosyl-3-aryl 2 I substituted benzothiazolyl carbamides 3 and N-hepta-O-acetyl-β-D-Iactosyl-O-alkyl carbamates 4 have been prepared by the interaction of hepta-O-acetyl->-D-Iactosyl isocyanate and aryl amines/substituted benzo-thiazoles and various alcohols respectively. The identities of these newly synthesized compounds are established on the basis of elemental analysis, IR, NMR and mass spectral analysis.

3 tables, 21 ref, 4 scheme

011038   Cortes-Salazar F;Suarez M F;Barragan D (Quimica Dep, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Cra 30 # 45-03, Edificio 451, Bogota, Colombia, Email: dabarraganra@bt.unal.edu.co) : Conductimetric and amperometric study of the bromate-phenol-sulphuric acid oscillating reaction. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(12), 1775-9.

The bromate-phenol-sulphuric acid chemical reaction that exhibits sequential oscillations has been studied by conductivity measurements and ultrasonically enhanced chronoampcrometric methods. Oscillatory behaviour is observed in conductivity and current on a working electrode at different potentials. The experimental results have been qualitatively analyzed and compared to a computer simulation using the GVKFR mechanism for uncatalyzed chemical reactions.

4 illus, 23 ref

011037   Chen W T;Zeng X R;Xu Y P;Luo O Y;Chen H L (College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Jiangxi, Province Key, Jinggangshan Univ, 343009, Ji'an, Jiangxi, P.R. China, Email: wtchen@jgsu.edu.cn) : Synthesis, structure properties of [Pr(DMSO)₅(H₂O)₂](μ-CN)[ Co(CN)₅] H₂O. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 32-6.

A new cyano-bridged praseodymium^{III -cobaltIII complex [Pr(DMSO)5(H₂O)₂](μ-CN)[Co(CN)₅] H₂O, (1), has been synthesized via solution reaction and characterized by X-ray diffraction. The slightly distorted square-antiprism eightfold-coordinated Pr(III) and the approximately oriented octahedrally sixfold-coordinated Co(Ill) arc linked by a cyano-bridge group to form a dinuclear complex. The [Pr(DMSO)₅(H₂O)₂](μ-CN)[Co(CN)₅] species arc held together via hydrogen bonds to form a two-dimensional slab. The magnetic properties show that complex 1 exhibits ami ferromagnetic interactions. IR and thermogravimetry-differential thermal analyses (TG-DTA) arc also presented.}

5 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

011036   Chaudhry S C;Verma C;Bhatt S S;Sharma N (Chemistry Dep, Himachal Pradesh Univ, Shimla-171 005, Email: scchaudhry@sancharnet.in) : Novel method for the synthesis of zirconium(IV) chelate complexes from oxo-zirconium(IV) aryloxides. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 43-8.

Reaction of oxo-zirconium(IV) aryloxides with the composition ZrO(OAr)₂ and ZrOCl(OAr) [where OAr = OC₆H₄NO₂-4, OC₆H₄Cl-2, and - OC6H₄(NO₂)₂- 2,4] with chelating ligands such as acetylacetone (acacH), 2-hydroxyacetophenone (hapH) and salicylaldehyde (salH) in Et₂O yield eight coordinate chelate complexes with the composition Zr(acac)₄, Zr(hap)₄ and Zr(sal)₄, as indicated by analytical, physico-chemical and infra-red spectral studies. The conclusive evidence for the formation of these zirconium(IV) chelates, contrary to the expected oxo-zirconium(IV) chelates of composition ZrO(chelate)₂, has been obtained from the crystal structure determination of one of these zirconium(IV) chelates, Zr(acac)₄ using X-ray technique. The studies have thus provided a new method for the preparation of zirconium(IV) chelate complexes from oxo-zirconium(IV) aryloxides.

3 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

011035   Chaudhari S P;Pai N R (Chemistry Dep, D. G. Ruparel College, Senapati Bapat Marg, Mahim, Mumbai-400 016) : Synthesis of biologically active 4-coumarin-6-yl(amino)-5-coumarin-3-yl-3-phenyl-1,2, 4-oxa-dia-zolines. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(2), 286-90.

011034   Chakraborty B;Kafley S;Chhetri M S (Organic Chemistry Lab, Sikkim Govt. College, Gangtok, Sikkim-737 102) : One pot stereoselective synthesis of isoxazolines from N-phenyl-α-chloro nitrone. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(3), 447-51.

Isoxazolines have been synthesized from N-phenyl-α-chloro nitrone using 1,3 dipolar cycloaddition reaction with alkynes and the reactions are found to be highly stereoselective in nature.

011033   Boodida S;Bachu R K;Tangeda S J;Nallani S (Chemistry Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009, Email: ns_narayana@yahoo.com) : Excess molar volumes and viscosity deviations of binary liquid mixtures of N-methylacetamide with ethyl acetate, ethyl chloroacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(1), 66-70.

The values of density and viscosity for the binary liquid mixtures of N-methylacetamide with aliphatic esters (ethyl acetate, ethyl chloroacetate and ethyl cyanoacetate) have been measured over the entire range of composition at T= 303.15 to 318.15 K. Using these data, excess molar volumes (V^E) and deviations in viscosity (Δη) have been calculated. The results have been correlated with the Redlich-Kister type polynomial equation to derive the binary coefficients and standard errors.

^iia1 illus, 5 tables, 17 ref

011032   Bobade V D;Gaikwad N D;Mhaske P C (Chemistry Dep, HPT Arts & RYK Science College, Nashik-422 005) : N and N+1 cap effects of Gly, Ala, Leu, Val, Pro and Aib in Boc-(D)Glu₁-Xxx₂-Yyy₃-Lys₄-NHMe, a 3₁o type protohelix endlocked by Boc-(D)Glu. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(3), 386-96.

The N cap (Xxx₂) and N+1 cap (Yyy₃) position in the 3₁0 helical model peptide Boc-(d)Glu₁-Ala₂-Gly₃-Lys₄-NHMe 1a is substituted with Gly, Ala, Leu, Val, Pro and Aib. An NMR enquiry confirms that all variants are distorted 3₁0 type protohelices, differing appreciably in degree of ordering and overall stability in a manner that is strongly reminiscent of the presumed effects in helix nucleation.

011031   Bhudevi B;Venkata Ramana P;Mudiraj A;Ram Reddy A (Chemistry Dep, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad-500 007) : Synthesis of 4-hydroxy-3-formylideneamino-1H/methyl/phenylquinolin-2-ones. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(2), 255-60.

011030   Bhat N;Patel A (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, M.S. University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, Email: aupatel_chem@yahoo.com) : Cyclohexylation of phenol over a solid acid catalyst comprising 12-tungstophosphoric acid and hydrous zirconia. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2008, 47(3), 387-9.

The Friedel-Crafts alkylation (cyclohexylation of phenol with cyclohexene) has been carried out over 12-tungstophosphoric acid supported on hydrous zirconia under mild conditions. The catalyst shows high activity and selectivity for 2-cyclohexyl phenol, an important product used as intermediate in dyestuff preparation as well as in preparation of 2-phenyl phenol which is used as disinfectant and fungicide. In addition, the catalyst can be recycled and reused.

^ssc2 illus, 3 tables, 26 ref

011029   Bhaskar G;Gopalakrishnan M;Jabaraj J W (Chemistry Dep, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar-608 002) : Conformational analysis of some N-hydroxy-piperidin-4-one oximes. Indian J Chem-Sect B 2009, 48(4), 580-4.

Synthesis and conformational analysis of some N-hydroxy-piperidin-4- one oximes are reported.