009976   Chattopadhyay S K;Chaphekar & Gaikwad R S; (Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, , Adenwala Road, Mumbai 400 019) : Characteristics of degummed ramie fibre and its cotton blended yarns. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(3), 362-5.

A two-stage degumming method has been used to reduce the gum content from 20-30% to 2-3% in ramie fibre. The chemical composition and fibre properties of raw, degummed and bleached ramie fibre samples have also been studied. Although the surface property of ramie fibre improves on degumming and further bleaching, the fibre bundle strength and blended yarn quality are found to deteriorate.

3 illus, 5 tables, 10 ref

009975   Bhattacharjee D;Ray A;Kothari V K (Dep of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi-110 016) : Air and water permeability characteristics of nonwoven fabrics. Indian J Fibre Text Res 0000, 29(2), 122-8.

Experimental investigations on air and water permeability characteristics of spunlaid heat-bonded Typar fabrics show a very close linear correlation between both the permeability values. The ratio of water permeability to air permeability is a function of the pressure head at which these values are measured. The values of air and water permeabilities themselves are a polynomial function of the fabric porosity. Hence, the knowledge of fabric porosity and the active pressure head would be enough to predict the air permeability and water permeability values of spunlaid heat-bonded fabrics.

7 illus, 6 tables, 15 ref

009974   Azhagurajan A;Tamil Selvan N;Srinivasan K R (Mepco Schlenk Engineering College, Department of Mechanical Enginering, Sivakasi 626 005) : Analysis and treatment of wastewater from scrubber in the fireworks waste disposal facility. Indian J envir Prot 2004, 24(7), 523-9.

Incineration is a preferred method for the disposal of easily combusitible solid waste. This method of disposal is suitable for combustion at constant rate as municipal waste, garbage, household wastes. But, this will not be useful for hazardous waste and explosives waste disposal. Fireworks wastes are taken as the raw material for this experiment. In fireworks, existing method of disposal is that daily wastes from production contains all types of crackers including rockets and, etc., are burnt in the open pit, which is located far away from the manufacturing shed. The partially confined burn facility (CBF) is being developed by Mepco Schlenk Engineering College students as an environmentally acceptable, economical, and proven alternative for open burning facility. In this is facility, air pollution is controlled by the adsorption of pollutants in the solution used in the scrubber. Scrubber solution is analysed and tested for the various parameters. Then the water was treated so that it can meet the acceptable quality standards before they sent to land disposal.

5 illus, 8 tables, 8 ref

009973   Amal Raj S (Thiagarajar College of Engineering, Civil Engineering Dep, Madurai-625 015) : Adsorption behaviour of nickel on activated carbon. Indian J envir Prot 2004, 24(7), 530-3.

Adsorption characteristics of nickel on activated carbon have been evaluated. The uptake of nickel on activated carbon is studied at different pH values. The adsorption capacity of activated carbon is found to be dependent on pH of influent solution. The granular activated carbon exhibits good adsorption characteristics and the data follow both Langmuir and Freundlich models. The equilibrium data has been processed with the help of Freundlich and Langmuir isotherms and the constant are evaluated. Continuous flow experiments have been conducted to compare these with batch process.

6 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

009972   Aly A S;Hashem A;Hussein S S (Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt) : Utilization of chitosan citrate as crease-resistant and antimicrobial finishing agent for cotton fabric. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 218-22.

Chitosan citrate has been evaluated as non-formaldehyde durable press finish to produce wrinkle-resistance and antimicrobial properties for cotton fabrics. The carboxylic groups in the chitosan citrate structure were used as active sites for its fixation onto cotton fabrics. The fixation of the chitosan citrate on the cotton fabric was done by the padding of chitosan citrate solution onto cotton fabrics followed by dry - cure process. The factors affecting the fixation processes were systematically studied. The antimicrobial activity and the performance properties of the treated fabrics, including tensile strength, wrinkle recovery, wash fastness and whiteness index, were evaluated. The finished fabric shows adequate wrinkle resistance, sufficient whiteness, high tensile strength and more reduction rate of bacteria as compared to untreated cotton fabric.

6 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

009971   Alamdar-Yazdi A (Textile Engineering Dep, University of Yazd, Iran) : A new method to evaluate low-stress shearing behaviour of woven fabrics. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(3), 333-8.

The ability of extraction and concentrated loading methods for measuring the shearing properties of woven fabrics has been studied. Forty light weight woven fabrics of different varieties have been tested by three methods, viz KES, extraction and a new suggested method, and the results compared. Correlation between the KES quantitative parameters and the measured features extracted from the curves of extraction and new methods indicates better ability of the new method to measure the shearing properties. It is observed that the buckling zone of fabrics is the key point to evaluate the shearing rigidity. In addition, the new method is capable of yielding the effect of changing production parameters.

12 illus, 6 tables, 7 ref

009053   YKK Corp (NO, , No 1, Kanda Izumi - Cho, Chiyoda - Ku, Tokyo, Japan) : Slide fastener and a method of manufacturing the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009052   YKK Corp (NO, , 1, Kanda Izumi - Cho, Chiyoda - Ku, Tokyo) : Knit slide fastener. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009051   Usinor Sacilor of Immeuble "La Pacific" (NO, , 11/13, Cours Valmy La Defense 7, 92800 Puteaux, France) : Process and plant for manufacturing a metal strip. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009050   Textilma Ag (NO, , Seestrasse 97, CH-6052 Hergiswil, Switzerland) : Device for the selective control of an oscillating transverse movement of a yarn, especially of a warp yarn of a weaving machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009049   Swil Ltd (NO, , 27A Camac Street, Calcutta-700 016) : Improved woven forming fabric screen for use in the forming zone of a paer making machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009048   Sollac (NO, , Immeuble "LA Pacific" LA Defense 7, 11/13, Cours Valmy 92800 Puteaux, France) : Method and a rolling installation for cold rolling of a strip. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009047   Rieter Ingolstadt (NO, , Spinnereimaschinenbau Ag. Friedrich-Ebert-Str. 84, 85046 Ingolstadt, Germany) : An opening cylinder for an open end spinning apparatus. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009046   Maschinenfabrik Rieter Ag (NO, , Kloster Trasse 20, Ch-8406, Winterthur, Switzerland) : A spinning frame. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009045   Maschinefabrik Rieter Ag (NO, , Klostertrasse 20, CH-8406, Winterthur, Switzerland) : Device for the upward and/or downward movement of a doffer beam of a spinning frame. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009044   M/s Usui Kokusai Sangyo Kaisha Ltd (NO, , 131-2 Nagasawa, Shimizu-Cho, Sunto-Gun, Shizuoka Prefecture, Japan) : Multi wound metal tube and a method and an apparatus for manufacturing the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009043   Lakshmi Machine Works Ltd (NO, , Perianaickenpalayam, Coimbatore - 641020, Tamil Nadu) : A computer controlled ring spinning machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009042   Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands BV (NO, , Locatellikade 1, Parnassustoren 1076 AZ, Amsterdam) : Dual latch apparatus. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009041   Barmag Ag (NO, , Leverkuser Strasse 65, 42897 Remscheid, Federal Republic of Germany) : A godet for heating and advancing a yarn. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009040   Barmag Ag (NO, , Leverkuser Strasse 65, 42897 Remscheid, Germany) : Method and an apparatus for spinning a synthetic multifilament yarn. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009039   Barefoot Science Technologies Inc (NO, , 156 Romina Drive Vaughan, Ontario, L4K 4Z7, Canada) : Rehabilitative shoe insole device. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009038   Acciai Speciali Terni S P A (NO, , Vleb Brin 218, 05100, Terni, Italy) : Method for reducing wear of plates in the continuous casting of thin metal products and an apparatus for the continuous casting of thin metal products. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009037   Yadav V K;Kothari V K (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Prediction of air-jet textured yarn properties using statistical method and neural network. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 149-56.

Artificial neural network has been used for predicting the air-jet textured yarn properties and the performance of ANN model has been compared with the statistical model based on Box-Behnken response surface design. Leaving apart some stray cases, the artificial neural network is able to predict the properties with reasonably low prediction error. Prediction ability of the network is better for the instability and physical bulk property as compared to tenacity. For the set of data used for constructing the network, the mean square errors are comparatively higher in the neural network model than the regression model.

5 illus, 5 tables, 11 ref

009036   Tyagi G K;Sharma K R;Goyal A;Singh M (The Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences, , Bhiwani 127 021) : Variation in polyester-viscose and polyester-cotton ring and rotor yarn characteristics as a consequence of fibre cross-section. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 184-9.

The influence of twist factor and rotor speed on the properties of polyester ring and rotor yarns spun from polyester fibres of circular and trilobal cross-sections has been studied. The results show that the fibre profile plays a key role in determining the mechanical and surface properties of all-polyester, polyester-viscose and polyester-cotton yarns, as evidenced by the fact that both ring and rotor yarns spun with trilobal polyester fibres have lower trnacity, higher breaking extension, more twist liveliness, lower work of rupture and higher flexural rigidity. Furthermore, lesser yarn-to-metal friction, higher dye pick-up and low hairiness can be obtained for blended yarns having polyester fibres of non-circular cross-section. Both twist factor and rotor speed strongly affect all yarn properties and the behaviour is similar for all the yarns.

6 illus, 13 ref

009035   Subramanian S;Gobi N (Department of Textile Technology, A C College of Technology, Anna University, Chennai 600 025) : Effect of process parameters at comber on yarn and fabric properties. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 196-9.

The effect of different process parameters at comber on yarn and fabric properties for the same noil% has been studied. It is observed that there exists a best combination of process parameters at comber for every noil % based onthe length and length distribution of fibre. While selecting these process parameters, it is necessary to study the classimat faults as well as fabric appearance instead of only yarn imperfections and tenacity. The increase in top comb penetration beyond a certain level increases the classimat faults in the categories H and I due to the disturbance of combed fringe by the top comb, though there is a reduction in the imperfections and classimat faults due to raw material.

5 tables, 11 ref

009034   Sawhney A P S;Price J B;Calamari T A (Southern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U S Department of Agriculture, New Orleans, LA 70124) : A successful weaving trial with a size-free cotton warp. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 117-21.

A combed cotton rotor-spun yarn of high quality was produced uing customary industrial quipment. The yarn was warped, ensuring a consistent individual yarn tension. The warp set was uniterruptedly washed and cleaned in boiling water containing a mild detergent and a wetting agent, dried on a dummy slasher (i.e. without using any conventional sizing agent) to set the yarn twist torque, and wound onto a loom beam. A 2/1 twill fabric of s slightly open construction was successfully woven on a modified fly-shuttle loom, operating under normal speed and mill-like conditions. Although the yarn hairiness increased visibly as the warp raced forward towards the cloth fell, absolutely no fiber clinging or yarn snagging occurred and, for the first time ever, about 50 m of fabric was woven without a single warp yarn failure, which is very encouraging. This preliminay weaving trial indicates that weaving a singles cotton yarn without the traditional warp sizing may now indeed be feasible at least for certain types of yarns, fabrics and weaving machinery. Planned size-free weaving trials involving different types of fibers, yarns and modern weaving machinery are expected to determine the prospect and commercial scope of size-free weaving.

table, 9 ref

009033   Saukaityte I;Daukantiene V;Gutauskas M (Department of Apparel and Polymer Products Technology, Kaunas University of Technology, Kaunas 3031. Lithuania) : Woven fabric behaviour during pulling disc-shaped specimen through a central hole. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 138-42.

The behaviour of suiting during pulling a disc-shaped specimen through a central hole of replaceable stand was investigated. The tests were performed using KTU-Griff Tester. Fabric behaviour was evaluated on the basis of the parameters of the typical pulling curve H-P (punch height-pulling force): maximum pulling force (P_max), tangent of the slope angle (tgα) of initial part of curve H-P, pulling work (A), and changes in fabric thickness (δ) and maximum specimen deformation (H_max). The analysis of the changes in the specimen geometric parameters has shown that the parameters a and d of epicycloidand the number of waves (wrinkles) N depend on the level of deformatio H and on properties of the tested fabric. The used method of pulling a disc-shaped specimen through a central hole of stand can be applicable for the investigation of mechanical properties of different textile fabrics, such as anisotropy of textile hand and drape.

4 illus, 4 tables, 14 ref

009032   Sang-Song L (Department of Apparel, National Pintung University of Science and Technology, Taiwan, Republic of China) : Using drape form to establish discriminant models of fabric characteristics. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 143-8.

Focuses on the approaches to discriminate between the fabrics with different characterized generic drape forms. Four fabric groups, woven from cotton, linen, wool and silk, were used. Discriminant analysis was used to characterize and discriminate between the different fabric groups. The parameters for analysis were from drape forms based on the Cusick fabric drape instrument. It is observed that the 14 drape forms are able to classify the four groups of fabrics with a 98.3% classification accuracy rate. Also, by using the factor analysis, the distribution of characteristics dimension for the four kind of fabrics can be understood.

2 illus, 10 tables, 9 ref

009031   Samanta A K;Mitra S;Singhee D;Parekh S (Textile Chemistry Section, Institute of Jute Technology, Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata 700 019) : Efficacy of selective surfactants/detergents as washing agents on soiled white and dyed cotton fabrics. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 223-32.

Four different types of surfactant, namely alkyl benzene sulphate (A), sodium lauryl sulphate (B), glycerol monosterate (C) and distearyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (D), have been used in single and multiple washing of a soiled white/dyed cotton fabric to determine their critical micelle concentration (CMC) values and to assess their washing performance in terms of changes in some of the physical properties of fabrics, per cent soil removal from soiled white fabric and maximum retention of colour depth of dyed fabric. The washing performance of each surfactant at lower concentration level by multiple wash cycles has also been studied. Wash fastness rating by grey scale and washing performance in terms of retention of colour depth of reactive dye dyed cotton fabric have been assessed and compared by measuring the corresponding K/S values and colour difference values after washing with these surfactants by ISO-II and ISO-III methods. It is observed that the CMC value and the corresponding degree of soil removal at CMC level are 1.9 % and 90.8 % for surfactant A, 1.5 % and 90.6 % for surfactant B, 2 >37> and 92 % for surfactant C, and 1% and 39.4 % for surfactant D respectively. On multiple wash, the surfactants C and D do not show good performance at lower concentration (0.5-1%), while the surfactant B is found to be better than others. Considering the changes in physical properties of fabrics after washing, washing performance, critical micelle concentration of surfactants and retention of colour depth after washing the surfactant B shows at overall balanced performance.

2 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

009030   Majumdar A;Majumdar P K;Sarkar B (College of Textile Technology, , Berhampore 742 101) : Prediction of single yarn tenacity of ring-and rotor-spun yarns from HVI results using artifical neural networks. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 157-62.

Artificial neural network (ANN) models for predicting the single yarn tenacity of ring-and rotor-spun yarns form the cotton fibre properties, measured by high volume instrument, have been presented. Seven cotton fibre properties and yarn fineness have been used as the inputs to the neural network. Different network structures have been used to optimize the prediction performance. The relative importance of all the cotton fibre properties has also been quantified. The ANN models could predict the single yarn tenacity with less than 5% and 2% mean error in case of ring-and rotor-spu yarns respectively. Yarn fineness, fibre bundle tenacity, elongation and length uniformity are teh dominant input parameters which influence the single yarn tenacity of spun yarns.

3 illus, 6 tables, 25 ref

009029   Maillo J;Cayuela D;Gacen J;Estrenjer E;Sitges A M (Universitat Poliecnica de Catalunya, , C/Colom 7, 08222 Terrassa, Spain) : Fine structure variations of polyester tow at different treatment conditions. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 200-6.

Differences in fine structure of a polyester tow stabilized at different conditions of temperature, treatment time and compactness have been studied. The efective temperature of thermal treatment, crystallinity and total and superficial oligomers have been determined. The variation in fine structure due to stabilization treatment through iodine sorption and differential solubility tests has also been studied. It is observed that the temperature is the most important variable in the process as it produces important fine structure variations (crystallinity differences). The compactness is the less important variable of the process.

11 illus, 4 tables, 7 ref

009028   Joshi M;Bansal R;Purwar R (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Colour removal from textile effluents. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 239-59.

The environmental issues associated with residual colour in textile effluents have posed a major challenge to environmental scientists as well as the textile colouration processors. The requirements to remove colour from textile effluent on site prior to discharge to sewer have been progressively tightened due to increased public complaints about coloured watercourses. Dyes are highly dispersible aesthetic pollutants and are difficult to treat, as most dyes are highly stable molecules made to resist degradation by light, chemical, biological and other treatment or exposure. There has been a lot of research going in the past few decades to develop efficient and cost effective technologies to remove colour from textile effluent. Presents a critical review of the current literature available on various textle wastewater decolourisation techniques being applied and researched to remove colour from textile wastewater.

^iir3 illus, 5 tables, 84 ref

009027   Itagi A A;Shee M;Asher K;Kanade N (D K T E Society's Textile and Engineering Institute, , Ichalkaranji 416 115) : Techno-economic control systems for polyester manufacturing. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 233-8.

A new approach for process control in polyester manufacturing plants is presented, which is based on the distributed control system and simulation, enabling a high degree of automation. The technology seems to be stable process with operational ease providing protection against misguidance and wastage. Although a high initial investment is called for nonetheless high investments can be recovered in just three years of installing this technologically superior and economically viable control system.

1 table, 7 ref

009026   Ishtiaque S M;Rengasamy R S;Ghosh A (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Optimization of ring frame process parameters for better yarn quality and production. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 190-5.

Ring frame process parameters, namely spindle speed, top roller pressure and traveller mass, have been optimized using three-variable Box and Behnken design to achieve better yarn quality and production. It is observed that 15000 rpm spindle speed with top roller pressure of 2.5 kg/cm² and traveller mass of 50 ISO No. gives the optimum results within the experimental zone explored. But to achieve the spindle speed of 17000 rpm. The traveller mass of 40 ISO No. with the optimum value of top roller pressure gives acceptable running performance of the machine.

6 illus, 4 tables, 6 ref

009025   Hariraj G;Somashekar T H (Central Silk Technological Research Institute, BTM Layout, Bangalore 560 068) : Influence of cooking and adjustment treatments on reeling and quality characteristics of raw silk. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 207-17.

The hot air dried Indian multi-bivoltine cocoons (PMxNB₄D₂race) treated at different cooking temperatures, cooking durations and adjustment temperature profiles in pan system of cooking have been found to have significant influence on reeling characteristics, viz. groping end eficiency, reelability, raw silk percentage, raw silk recovery percentage, reeling tension, waste generated during reeling, pelade weight generated and degumming loss percentage of silk waste, and on quality characteristics, viz. neatness, cleaness, cohesion and degumming loss percentage of raw silk. However, the complete cooking and reeling do not show significant influence on sericin dissolution during cooking and reeling, tenacity and elongation. The study clearly shows that the complete cooking of cocoons in pan system of cooking using five treatment temperatures effectively softens the sericin uniformly in diferent layers of the cocoon shell compared to single temperature treatment, thus facilitating the improved reeling performance from hot air dried Indian multi-bivoltine cocoons. The cocoon cooked using the retting temperature of 50°C for 1 min, high permeation temperature of 90°C for 2 min, low permeation temperature of 60°C for 1 min followed by the cooking temperature of 93-95°C for 2 min and adjustment temperature of up to 60°C yields better reeling performance and quality of raw silk.

9 tables, 26 ref

009024   El-Gendy E H K (National Centre for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, P O Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt) : Modification of polyester fabric via radiation grafting with methacrylic acid. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 129-37.

Polyester fabric has been modified by radiation graft copolymerization with methacrylic acid (MAA) to improve its hydrophilic, dyeing and thermal properties. It is observed that the efficiency of grafting significantly depends on swelling agent, solvent, monomer concentration and irradiation time. The initial stage of grafting follows first order kinetics at irradiation time t<60>41.5 min and the second stage follows 1.7 order kinetics at 41.5-170 min. Overall reaction rate constants of 1.9x10^-5 and 2.87x10^-4 s^-1 have been calculated for the samples grafted below and above 41.5 min respectively. The moisture content is found to increase linearly with the increase in graft yield up to 28% while the water uptake is linearly dependent on the logarithm of graft yield. Extremely high colour strength values are obtained when grafted PET samples are dyed in alkaline aqueous solutions at pH 11.5. A linear dependence is observed between the colour strength per graft yield and the logarithm of the pH of Rhodamine B Red and Astrazonrot Violet dye solutions. The dyeability of the fabric towards both the dyes increases suddenly as the graft yield increases to 2.5% followed by a transition up to 7% with a tendency to level off at degree of grafting higher than 10%. Thermal stability of irradiated, grafted and dyed samples has also been investigated by thermal gravimetric analysis to observe different degrees of fabric degradation as a result of irradiation, grafting and dyeing.

11 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref

009023   Das A;Ishtiaque S M;Rajesh Kumar (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Study on drafting force of roving:Part II-effect of material variables. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 179-83.

The effect of some material variables, namely fibre-to-fibre friction, roving hank and roving twist, on drafting force of roving has been studied. A very good correlation (R²=0.903) between material variables and drafting force has been obtained. The drafting force increases sharply with the increase in fibre friction and roving twist multiplier due to the rapid increase in mutual coherence among the fibres. The drafting force is less influenced by the change in roving hank, but it decreases initially and then increases as the roving hank becomes finer.

3 illus, 4 tables, 11 ref

009022   Das A;Ishtiaque S M;Rajesh Kumar (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Study of drafting force of roving: Part I-effect of process variables. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 173-8.

The effect of process variables, namely draft, drafting speed and roller seting, on drafting force of polyester/viscose (65:35) roving has been studied. A reasonably good correlation (R²=0.855) between process variables and drafting force has been observed. The drafting force at first increases with the increase in draft but after reaching a maximum value, it declines sharply. The drafting force increases with the increase in drafting speed and the same trend is also observed at lower draft and roller setting. But when the draft and roller setting further increase, initially the drafting force remains unchanged with the increase in drafting speed and then it declines. The roller setting has been found to be inversely proportional to the drafting force for all the experimental combinations.

5 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref

009021   Chidambaram D;Venkatraj R;Manisankar P (Department of Textile Technology, P A C Ramasamy Raja Polytechnic College, Rajapalayam 626 108) : Tensile behaviour of polyester yarns modified by solvent-acid mixture pretreatment process. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 163-72.

The tensile behaviour of original and heat-set fine filament and microdenier polyester yarns treated with trichloroacetic acid-chloroform (TCAC) solvent system has been studied. The polyester yarn samples have been treated in a relaxed state with various concentrations of TCAC mixture at room temperature for different durations. It is observed that the TCAC treatment causes significant changes in strength and elongation behaviour of original fine filament and microdenier polyester yarns. The solvent-treated yarns exhibit higher breaking elongation, improved work of rupture and lower tenacity. The improvement in elongation and work of rupture is found to be less in the case of heat-set polyester yarns due to the subsequent TCAC treatment. The influence of treatment time and heat setting temperature on strength, elongation, yield behaviour and work of rupture of TCAC-treated yarns has also been investigated.

10 illus, 4 tables, 32 ref

009020   Bhattacharjee D;Ray A;Kothari V K (Department of Textile Technology, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi 110 016) : Air and water permeability characteristics of nonwoven fabrics. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 122-8.

Experimental investigations on air and water permeability characteristics of squnlaid heat-bonded Typar fabrics show a very close linear correlation between both the permeability values. The ratio of water permeability to air permeability is a function of the pressure head at which these values are measured. The values of air and water permeabilities themselves are a polynomial function of the fabric porosity. Hence, the knowledge of fabric porosity and the active pressure head would be enough to predict the air permeability and water permeability values of spunlaid heat-bonded fabrics.

7 illus, 6 tables, 5 ref

009019   Aly A S;Hashem A;Hussein S S (Textile Research Division, National Research Centre, Dokki, Cairo, Egypt) : Utilization of chitosan citrate as crease-resistant and antimicrobial finishing agent for cotton fabric. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2004, 29(2), 218-88.

Chitosan citrate has been evaluated as non-formaldehyde durable press finish to produce wrinkle-resistance and antimicrobial properties for coton fabrics. The carboxylic groups in the chitosan citrate structure were used as active sites for its fixation onto cotton fabrics. The fixation of the chitosan citrate on the cotton fabric was done by the padding of chitosan citrate solution onto cotton fabrics followed by dry-cure process. The factors affecting the fixation processes were systematically studied. The antimicrobial activity and the performance properties of the treated fabrics, including tensile strength, wrinkle recovery, wash fastness and whiteness index, were evaluated. The finished fabric shows adequate wrinkle resistance, sufficient whiteness, high tensile strength and more reduction rate of bacteria as compared to untreated cotton fabric.

6 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

008122   Teijin Twaron B V (NO, , Westervoortsedijik 73, 6827 A V Arnhem, The Netherlands) : A helmet, in particular antiballistic chlmet. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008121   Maschinenfabrik Rieter A G (NO, , Klosterstrasse 20, CH 8406 Winterthour, Switzerland) : A spinning machine. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008120   Manipack-torre S P A (NO, , Via Provinciale, 54, 24055 Dalmine (Bergamo, Italy) : A device for packaging products with a stretchable plastic film. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008119   Manipack-torre S P A (NO, , Via Provinciale, 54, 24055 Dalmine (Bergamo, Italy) : A device for packaging products with a stretchable plastic film. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008118   Kawasaki Steel Co (NO, , 1-28, Kitahonamachidori 1-Chome, Chuo-Ku, Kobe-Shi, Hyogo 651, Japan) : Method of producing steel by electric furnace vacuum degassing process. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008117   India Precision Bearing Manufacturers Ltd (NO, , LMW Building, 1 Floor, 7 Wallace Garden second street, Nungambakkam, Madras-600 006) : Cot and arbor assembly for textile machinery. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008116   Emitec gaesellschaft Fur Emissionstechnologie MBH (NO, , Hauptstrasse 150, D-53797 Lohmar, Germany) : Process and apparatuses for producing a metal sheet with a corrugation configuration and a microstructure disposed transversely with respect thereto. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008115   Coraltech Ltd (NO, , Hill Hampton, East Meon Petersfield, Hampshire GU32 1QN, UK) : Method of forming an article via injection of plastics material into a mould and an article formed thereby. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008114   Chung Chwan Enterprise Co., Ltd (NO, , No. 151, Kung Erh Road, Wu Lin Tsuen, Lung Tan Hsiang, Tao Tuan Hsien, Taiwan) : Zipper slide of zip fastener. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).