005200   Gupta C;Sridhar P;Gupta M K (Ballarpur Industries Limited, Unit: Sewa, Jeypore-764 002, Odisha) : Case study of PCC use in fine paper making. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 191-2.

Globally major Paper Industry is shifting towards new fillers for improving the quality of paper and to enhance the printability property of paper. In order to study the behaviour of PCC in paper making laboratory study was conducted and this paper describes the laboratory data and practical experience during change over from conventional filler to PCC in manufacturing fine paper.

2 tables, 3 ref

005199   Goel M C;Harichandan A K;Mohanty P K;Dakua S K (JK Paper Limited, Unit: JK Paper Mills, P.O. Jaykaypur, Distt. Rayagada, Orissa-765 017) : Change of filler from talc to wet ground calcium carbonate-a noble way to reduce fiber consumption. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 183-90.

21st Century can be best described as the century of uncertainty. Whether it is economy, political stability, climatic change, there is always some element of uncertainty to go with it. Never the less, there are a few things which are very certain like changes happening at fast pace, customer expectations for better and cheaper products etc. Obviously, any manufacturing sector has to face this hard reality of high input cost, labour/man power cost and depleting resource etc. Paper Industry is no exception. It is expected that the per capita consumption of paper will go past double digit by 2020 in India. Competing against inflow of imports with its quality and cost is a big challenge for the industry in addition to the ever-changing demand of the customers for better quality but at least price. JK Paper Limited, a flagship company of JK Organization has taken up this challenge. The Mill is always on the lookout for opportunity to take a step ahead, so as to become the quality leader in the country. We believe in improvement and value customer perception for better quality but not adding to the cost. In the year 2006, it converted entire sizing from Acid to Alkaline across the board and from 2010, the conventional filler Soapstone Powder (Talc) was replaced with High bright Wet Ground Calcium Carbonate (WGCC). The path crossing was not easy but the mills could establish the whole change over process in a matter of few months. This paper describes various measures taken up to stabilize this change over, machine productivity and up gradation of quality for the photo copy grade papers.

5 tables, 7 ref

005198   Desarada Shekhar C (NO, Parason Machinery (I) Pvt. Ltd., Parason House 28, Venkatesh Nagar, Opp. Jalana Road, Aurangabad-431 001) : Fine bar technology, fine edged parallel & curved bar plates in refining system for pulp & paper industries. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 115-19.

Refining plays an important role in stock preparation - the complete paper making process. Next to raw material selection, it has the greatest influence on final product quality. The new finer bar width, narrower grooves & Curved bars, resulting in increased cutting edge length (CEL). The fine bar design secures a reduction in specific edge load (SEL). Obtain optimum strength properties with low intensity refining for mixed hardwood & Recycled fiber.

6 ref

005197   Das A;Chatterjee T K;Patnaik G S;Shibahare P K (NO, ITC Ltd, PSPD Units Bhadrachalam Village: Sarapaka, Dist.-Khammam-507 128) : Oranic micropolymer in alkaline fine paper making. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 167-70.

Micro polymer retention and drainage system are considered to be the extremely powerful tool for fine paper making in Alkaline environment. Hence retention components in modern high speed paper machines have been shifting from single component to latest advance with Micro polymer to get advantage of higher filler loading with better retention without having negative impact on other properties. In this paper comparison between dual component retention (Micro particle & Flocculant) and triple component system (Micro particle, Flocculant and Micro polymer) in lower grammages are discussed.

10 illus, 12 ref

005196   Chowdhury M S;Repon M R U;Islam M R;Sarker A; Mamun M A A;Siddiquee M A B (Textile Engineering Dep, Mawlana Bhashani Science and Technology Univ, Santosh, Tangail, Bangladesh, Email: tex_mamunbd@yahoo.com) : Various faults, their causes and possible remedies of knitting and finishing sections of composite knit industries in Bangladesh. Omniscience 2013, 3(1), w16-25.

Main aim of knitting and finishing sections of textile industries is to provide fault-free finished fabrics to the garment section. But the knitters and the finishers have to face a lot of problems for the fulfillment of this purpose. They have to face some problems, particularly, whose causes are mostly unknown to them. The aim of this paper was to investigate and find out the various faults of knitting and finishing sections of composite knit industries in Bangladesh that are encountered due to man, machine and other factors of processing and to identify the possible causes and remedies of these faults to save the precious raw materials, energy, cost, time, etc. Finally, it was observed that most of the knitting and finishing faults are attributed to the inferior yarn quality, improper machine parameters, faulty machine parts, and unskilled machine operators.

2 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

005195   Choudhuiryu B (NO, Emami Paper Mills Ltd., Balgopalpur, P.O. Rasulpur, Dist. Balasore-756 020) : Case study at Emami-low cost technical solutions adopted for improving the performance of imported second-hand newsprint machine for operating beyond the designed speed. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 125-32.

Emami Paper Mills Limited (EPML) is one of the leading Newsprint manufacturers in India. The said machine is India's fastest Newsprint Machine with latest technology and running at average speed of 1100 MPM at Pope Reel. Second hand newsprint machine was procured from Inland Empire Paper Company, USA and commissioned in the year 2007-08. Basically the machine was designed for operating speed of 1067 meter per minute at pope reel but average operating speed of the machine at Inland Empire Paper Company was 1040 meter per minute due to higher vibration amplitudes in forming section, press section and dryer sections. The standard furnish at Inland Empire Paper Company were 60% virgin and 40% deinking pulp producing average 60 GSM paper. In spite of various problems and design constraints, the EPMIL team has succeeded to operate the machine at 1100 meter per minute on continuous basis after resolving various design problems and producing 250 TPD Newsprint of 45 GSM with 100% deinked pulp. The quality of newsprint manufactured on this second hand machine is at par with International Product. The pulp for this machine is supplied from deinking plant of Voith make. The basic constraints for operating the machine at 1100 meter per minute speed and corrective measures taken for solving the problems are mentioned in this paper.

005194   Chauhan V S;Chakrabarti S K;Bhardwaj N K (Paper Technology Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Saharanpur Campus, Paper Mill Road, Saharanpur-247 001) : Statistical approach for optimizing dosage of dispersed Talc and CPAM for target ash and FPAR in paper. IPPTA Jl 2012, 24(1), 171-6.

Retention of filler depends upon its particle size and shape, and colloidal chemistry during papermaking. The light, scattering primarily depends upon solid-air interface; with increase in surface area, the light scattering increases. The dispersion of filler particles plays an important role in its retention, distribution and light scattering in paper. The talc filler was dispersed in deionized water along with non-ionic triblock polymeric wetting agent and anionic dispersant (sodium salt of polyacrylic acid). Controlling charge density of papermaking slurry with cationic polyacrylamide (CPAM) based retention aid polymer helped in protecting the retention of talc in paper without affecting the light scattering properties of both filler and paper. In the present paper the statistical approach was followed to optimize the dosage of both CPAM and talc filler using response surface methodology based central composite design to cut short the manual approach. The design was employed by selecting the dosage of talc and CPAM as model factors to get the variation of ash in paper. The need of CPAM for varying dosage of talc filler was calculated statistically through the data of first pass ash retention (FPAR) using Analysis of Variance. The results of first order factorial design showed that both independent variables had significant effect on increasing the ash in paper. At any particular filler addition level, increase in CPAM addition enhanced the ash and FPAR. The linear equations obtained from the designed experiments could be used to predict the dosage of inputs i.e. talc and CPAM on the basis of desired outputs i.e. ash content and FPAR.

6 illus, 5 tables, 10 ref

004124   Yuksek M (Textile Dep, Faculty of Technical Education, Marmara University, Kadikoy, Istanbul, Turkey, Email: myuksek@marmara.edu.tr) : Effect of degumming performed with different type natural soaps and through microwave energy method on the properties of silk fiber. Asian J Chem 2012, 24(2), 742-6.

Removal of sericin on the silk fibers is a surface modification process. Various c

12 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

004123   Swati G (Fabric and Apparel Science Dep, Institute of Home Economics, Delhi University, New Delhi) : Recycling and sustainable fashion: a perspective. Cotton Res J 2011, 2(1), 115-20.

Textile industry is one of the largest industries that consumes huge amount of -resources from stage of production of raw material. to its processing, manufacturing, packaging, transportation and finally disposal. The concept of recycling begins when the life of the product is "supposedly over". Two third of the garments carbon footprint occurs after it is purchased. By recycling the product it is given another lease of life, also reducing the carbon foot prints. It is estimated that second hand clothing is a $1 billion industry, with 70% of the world's population wearing them. Panipat excels in its use of shoddy, recycled yam in bathroom mats which is a Rs 2.000 crore industry.

12 ref

004122   Joshi M;Bhattacharyya A;Agarwal N;Parmar S (Textile Technology Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi-110 076, Email: mangala@textile.iitd.ac.in) : Nanostructured coatings for super hydrophobic textiles. Bull Mater Sci 2012, 35(6), 933-8.

The promising aspects of nanocomposite coatings to mimic the nano roughened self cleaning surface of lotus leaf is explored in this paper. A detailed study on nanosilica and clay based nanocomposite coatings using dip coating and layer by layer self assembly (L-b-L) is being described where lotus leaf effect has been mimicked on the cotton fabric surface using these particles as they develop nanosized surface roughness which helps to produce a super-hydrophobic surface. Nanosilica performs better in creating nano roughness on cotton fabric wherein the contact angle is <62> 150°. The water contact angle of 2 wt% fluoro emulsion (Nuva HPU) treated cotton fabric increases from 115°to 155°when the fabric is pretreated with 0.5 wt% nanosilica emulsion. The water repellency rating of fabric treated with 0.16 wt% nanosilica along with 2 wt% Nuva HPU is comparable to that of 4 wt% Nuva HPU treated cotton fabric. On the other hand, 40 bilayers of nanosilica need to be applied on cotton fabric surface through L-b-L technique to create uniform nano roughening and gives a water repellency rating of 4. The air permeability of L-b-L nanocoated cotton fabric is not adversely affected by the super-hydrophobic nanostructured coating.

3 illus, 5 tables, 12 ref

003115   Tyagi I;Goel A (Clothing and Textiles Dep, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant Agriculture and Technology Univ, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand) : Nanofibres: their production and applications. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(11), 301-3.

Nonwoven industry generally considers nanofibers as having a diameter of less t

4 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

003114   Tarafder N (NO, , ) : Functional finishes for textiles and apparels. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(1), 22-5.

World of Textile industry is going through revolutionary changes aimed at the unique needs of the modern customers. Value addition to textile clothing has changed the global textile scenario. Market for fragrant clothing has also been expanded and due to increase in awareness about health and hygiene, people increasingly want their clothing to be hygienically fresh. Utilizing the sense of smell by building a fragrance into a textile or garment can stimulate a powerful and emotive sense. Aromatherapy is the complementary alternative health system. Technology represents the one critical route in doing so.

10 ref

003113   Singh R P (NO, The Synthetic & Art Silk Mills' Research Association, Sasmira Marg, Worli, Mumbai) : POSS (polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane) and its applications. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(11), 378-81.

Polyhedral Oligomeric Silsesquioxane (POSS) has attracted considerable interest in materials science due to its well-defined nano-scale organic-inorganic hybrid structure. The uniqueness about this nanomaterial is that it has two unique features together in one molecule. First high strength attributed to the presence of inorganic cage part of the structure made-up of Si (silicon) and O (Oxygen) atom and second organic system compatibility due to presence of functional R group. The cage (inorganic part) can be covalently bonded to the various organic functional groups depending on the desired applications. The incorporation of POSS into polymeric materials provides dramatic improvements in polymer properties that include increase in thermal stability, oxidation resistance, surface hardening, improved mechanical and optical properties as well as reductions in flammability. Herein different variety and major applications of POSS have been reviewed.

12 ref

003112   Siddiqui I;Gous M;Siddiqui K (Clothing & Textiles Dep, College of Home Science, MAU, Parbhani) : Mordanting methods utilized for colour fixation and its effect on colour fastness properties of cotton and silk fabric dyed with pigment of cotton flowers (Gossypium hirsutum). Man Made Text India 2012, 55(1), 9-13.

Paper deals with different mordanting methods used for colour fixation on cotton and silk fabrics dyed wit pigment of cotton flowers. Colour fasteners properties was studied to evaluate the dyed samples.

9 illus, 5 tables, 3 ref

003111   Sharma R;Goel A;Mehtab S (Clothing and Textiles Dep, G.B.P.U.A. & T., Pantnagar, Uttarakhand) : High performance fibre-aramids. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(11), 373-7.

Aramids fibres are a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibres formed of polymers with repeating aromatic groups branching from a carbon backbone. Aramids are a family of nylons. An aramids is a polyamide where at least 85% of the amide bonds are attached to aromatic rings. Aromatic polyamides have become breakthrough material in the commercial applications. These materials have the potential to participate in solution of tomorrow. They are a class of heat-resistant and strong synthetic fibres. The present paper describes as out the types of aramids fibres, their porperties and applications.

2 illus, 9 ref

003110   Sen A K (DMSRDE, , Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Electro spun fibres and their applications. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(3), 87-92.

Conventional fibe spinning techniques like wet spinning, dry spinning and gel spinning are capable of producing fibres down to micrometer range. Electrospinning is a drawing process based on electrostatic interaction, capable of producing continuous fibres of uniform diameter of less than 100nm. The precursors of the fibres are either polymer melt or solution. Usually the fibres are collected as highly porous nonwoven mats. Process parameters play significant role on the morphology of the fibre produced. Uses of electrospun fibres are in aerosol filtration, tissue engineering, wearable sensors etc. This paper discusses the method of preparation, influence of process variables, properties, and applications.

4 illus, 38 ref

003109   Magdum P K;Gudhka M P;Khan T;Pal S (DKTE's TEI, , Ichalkaranji) : Nano fibres potential in medical textiles. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(2), 56-8.

Nanotechnology is considered one of the most promising technologies for the 21st. On the one hand there isthe economical impact from new and optimized products. On the other hand one expects a strong contribution of nanotechnology in decreasing the ecological impact and consumption of natural resources. Nano Technology is impacting and will continue to impact the consumer goods market world wide with textile beig one of the most beneficial segments. Nearly 25% of all textile products available in 2015 will incorporate some form of nano technology with greatest level of penetration in the hygiene area, including house hold care, leisure and consumer goods, health care and protective textiles. In this paper we are going to discuss about importance of nano fibres and its various application in the medical field.

6 illus, 4 ref

003108   Madhu A;Pal S (Panipat Institute of Engineering & Technology, , Panipat) : Low wet pick-up techniques in Textile finishing. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(1), 5-8.

Chemical finishes is pad applied as an aqueous solution, dispersion, or emulsion of chemicals with auxiliaries, followed by drying and curing operations. The wet pick up of chemicals in a padding mangle is influenced by many factors such as fabric characteristics, machine settings and solution or emulsion properties. The paper envisages the low wet pick up techniques in the textile finishing and arious problems faced during the low wet pick up.

9 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

003107   Kumar D (Textile Chemistry Dep, D.K.T.E. Society's Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, Kolhapur) : No or low salt dyeing:- is it possible???. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(11), 382-5.

NO OR LOW SALT DYEING: - IS IT POSSIBLE??? Many one might have got surprised, but its possible. Almost all cotton dyes are anionic during dyeing, but due to the negative is Zeta-potential of cotton in water among other things, anionic dyes have medium to poor affinity for cotton. Auxiliaries such as electrolytes are required for efficient use of dyes and for dyeing textile with high color strength. Despite electrolyte concentrations of 10 gpl or more, excess dye remains in the effluent after dyeing. The dye left in the effluent, together with the high salt concentration, increases the cost of dyeing, the burden of effluent treatment, and environmental pollution as well. One solution to this problem is to improve the affinity of anionic dyes for cotton. This is mainly accomplished by introducing cationic groups onto cotton to add an ionic attraction between dye and fiber. Fibers treated with these cationic agents, or agents that can form cationic sites under dyeing conditions, show such a remarkable increase in affinity for anionic dyes that no salt is necessary to assist dye sorption. In most of these cationic agents, nitrogen supplies the cationic sites. The agents are fixed onto cotton by covalent bonds either between cotton or their own reactive groups or by a cross linking agent.

12 ref

003106   Kariyappa P M;Rao D;Somashekar T H (CSRTI, , Mysore, Karnataka) : Studies on shrinkage properties of Spun SIlk Yarn and it's fabric. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(2), 59-63.

Spun silk yarn produced from mulberry, muga, tasar waste and Red eri and white eri cocoons on worsted system of spinning mill, three varieties of plain fabric were woven on power loom by using 2/60sNm in warp, 2/60sNm, 2/80sNm and 2/120sNm yarns in the weft. The shrinkage properties of yarn and fabric have been tested according to international standard testing methods . In this paper, results of investigations of shrinkage properties of yarn and fabric have been presented as per the requirement of industry. Results have been compared among the each variety of yarn and fabric. The results of the investigation thoroughly discussed. The results indicate that variety of silk, weft yarn count and interaction effet are significantly affecting the spun silk yarn and fabric shrinkage properties.

10 tables, 3 illus, 7 ref

003105   Joshi A S;Barhanpurkar S;Paharia A;Maloo T (Textile Technology Dep, Shri Vaishnav Institute of Technology and Science, Indore, Madhya Pradesh) : Bio-composite materials as alternatives to glass fibre reinforced composites for automotive applications. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(11), 386-90.

Natural/Bio-fibre composites (Bio-Composites) are emerging as a viable alternative to glass fibre reinforced composites especially in automotive applications. Advantages of natural fibres over man-made glass fibre are: low cost, low density, competitive specific mechanical properties, reduced energy consumption, carbon dioxide sequestration, and biodegradability. By embedding bio-fibres with renewable resource based biopolymers such as cellulosic plastic, corn-based plastic, starch plastic and soy-based plastic are continuously being developed these days in certain industries. The present paper reviews the applications of Bio-composites for automotive applications.

3 illus, 4 tables, 9 ref

003104   Joglekar S K;Borkar S P;Mantha S S (SASMIRA, Veermata Jijabai Technological Institute, Mumbai, Maharashtra) : Advanced Fibre reinforced composites. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(3), 99-104.

Advanced composite materials are high performance man-made materials/fibres consisting of a reinforced matrix system. They can be tailored for specific applications and properties to produce the desired weight, temperature resistance, and electrical conductivity or strength characteristics. Advanced composite materials have been used in many different applications. Advance textile composite are usually made from high modulus fibres or yarns such as glass, graphite, aramid, etc. In this review, the works reported in the literture on `Advanced fibre reinforced composites' have been reviewed highlighting the relaed issues and recent development.

^iia4 illus, 13 ref

003103   Gupta K K;abbas S M;Srivastava A (DMSRDE, , Kanpur) : Microwave interactive fabrics. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(2), 41-9.

Microwave is a part of electromagnetic waves in the frequency range of 300 MHz -300GHz (1mm to 1m wave length range) and exploited for radar signal transmission and receiving, broadcasting, satellite communication, TV transmission, mobile signal communication etc. Due to computation, computation, communication, command and control (C4), the contamination of electromagnetic waves in the environment is rising in a very fast way. For protection of human being from detrimental effect of these radiations, microwave interactive fabric is required. In Defence services, for avoiding detetion of army strategic installation, equipments, vehicles and troops from radar detection devices, microwave interactive fabric is required. In Defence services, for avoiding detection of army strategic installation, equipments, vehicles and troops from radar detection devices, microwave interactive fabrics are also used as a shielding layer in the form of camouflage net. Microwave interaction is mae on the principle of either absorption, scattering or destructive interference and these phenomena occurs only when partial conductivity is imparted to the polymeric fabrics. Thickness, conductivity, permittivity and permeability are the important factors of the coated textiles to control the extent of interaction. The photons of the microwave gets absorbed by the mateial and energy is converted/dissipated into heat. Microwave interaction properties can be attributed to the textiles by either incorporatingdielectric properties, application of conducting polymer on textiles, use of metallic fibres as a constituent in the fabric etc. There are large nos of patents claiming for microwave interaction with the fabric in specific bands of electromagnetic Waves.

^iia6 illus, 35 ref

003102   Gudiyawar M Y;Kane C D;Wagh R (D K T E S Textile & Engg Institute, , Ichalkaranji) : Characteristics of pre-heated air-jet textured yarns. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(1), 18-21.

Pre-heated polyester and nylon air jet textured yarns were produced by beating them before the air nozzle of air jet texturising machine. Regular air jet textured yarns of polyester and nylon filament yarns were also produced without heating them. Regular and pre-heated textured yarns characteristics were compared. It was found that pre-heating of filament improves loops frequency, loops stability, bulk, tenacity and breaking elongation. The polyester/nylon blended air textured yarn showed more loop frequency than polyester an nylon air textured yarns.

6 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

003101   Ganguly D (NO, National Institute of Fashion Technology, Bhopal) : Foil printing on Textile material. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(2), 51-5.

After 1980 a number of unconventional printing process were popularized to make print fabric for fashionable wear. Some of the printing especially pearl printing, metallic printing, khadi printing, fluorescent printing, puff printing, foil printing, plastisol printing are popularly used upon the garments. In this paper a detail study on foil printing is done.

8 illus, 8 ref

003100   Gangopadhyay U K;Rekha R;Shinde S (Synthetic and Art Silk Mills' Research Association, SASMIRA, , Worli, Mumbai, Maharashtra) : Application of supercritical fluid for Textile Dyeing: Part -I. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(3), 80-6.

Supercritical fluid (SCF) solves the water problem as the technology does not require water as a medium for dyeing. This results to no wastage of water and ultimately no load on the effluent which leads to water pollution. The present study stress upon the usage of SCF technology for dyeing of polyester and cotton. The result were compared vis-a-vis conventional methodology with respect to its dyeing properties. The Part I of the work give details about the methodology adopted for dyeing in general and dyeing of cotton in particular.

1 illus, 7 tables, 4 ref

003099   Desai A A (Sarvajanik College of Engineering & Technology, , Surat) : Application of stain repellant/release finish to woven silk union fabrics-I. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(1), 14-7.

India, which has a rich and diversified silk weaving heritage, has been hitherto restricted to traditional end-uses. Silk, when combined with other natural or man made fibres, contributes to the hand and drape of the blended fabri. Additional important advantages of silk blen/union fabrics are easy care and moderate prices. The aim of this study was to produce union fabrics with mulberry silk warp and following weft: mulberry silk, cotton, linen, modal, viscose and polyester fibres. The fabrics thus woven were finished with a stain repellant/release finish to further enhance the easy care properties of the silk union fabrics.

2 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

003098   Baruah S;Agarwal A (Texile Science an Apparel Design Dep, SNDT Women's University, Mumbai, Maharashtra) : Development of Swarovski Crystal Components and transfes for Printed Silk. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(3), 93-8.

With India's enslavement to her ancient culture, tradition, and heritage, the past few years have witnessed a spurt of fashion activities where crystals have literally set the Indian ramp alight with their effulgence. Even in this age nd time, as Indian woman continue to be comfortable with outrageously flashy colors and glitter on their garments, Swarovski crystal art components can bring a new wave of cheer to Indian consumers. Although Swarovski crystals, with their inherent glitter, have emerged as one of the most dramatic elements of couture, the use of crystals in semiformal wear has remained more or less unexplored. An attempt was made in this study to introduce Swarovski textile components in art, and to evaluate its feasibility for Indian fashion wear produced from printed silk.

12 illus, 3 tables, 4 ref

002101   Yadav S;Kaushik S (Print & Graphics Communication Dep, SITM, Rewari, Haryana) : Importance and improvement in planning and scheduling in printing industry: a case study of Thomson press (I) Pvt. Ltd., Faridabad. Int J Sci Engng Comput Technol 2013, 3(1-2), 69-73.

Prepared framework to better manage the way work moves from the ti me an order/enquiry is placed to the time the order is successfully delivered to the customer.

8 ref

002100   Yadav S;Arora S (Printing Technology and Print & Graphis Communication Dep, M.D.U., Rhotak, Haryana) : Importance of quality control in offset printing: a case study at nutech print services, Faridabad. Int J Sci Engng Comput Technol 2013, 3(1-2), 60-4.

Quality is the lifeline of the printing industry. Most printers would never think of eliminating the quality control function from their production processes. Without quality control, the number of defective products that must be reworked, scrapped or returned would dramatically increase. Almost all printing organizations monitor the quality of the product they deliver to uphold their reputations, ensure satisfied customers and generate repeat business. Quality control is more and more, assuming an importance in the printing industry Quality control can be said to be the overall system of activities whose purpose is to provide a quality product or service that meets the needs of the users, and also the use of such a system. To make this goal achievable, both the organization and its suppliers must be dedicated to never-ending improvement, and more efficient ways to constantly obtain products or services that consistently meet customers' needs. The quality of reproduction of color images in offset printing is dependent on a number of parameters in a chain of steps and in the end it is the amount and the distribution of ink deposited on the substrate that create the sensation and thus the perceived colors and identify three control points in the offset printing process and present methods for assessing the printing process quality in two of these points: Methods for determining if the printing plates carry the correct image, Methods for determining the amount of ink deposited onto the substrate.

8 illus, 6 ref

002099   Thambavani D S;Prathipa V (Chemistry Dep, Sri Meenakshi Govt. Arts College for Women, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, Email: sarala_dr@yahoo.in) : Assessment of leather tannery effluent using multiple indicators. Asian J expl Chem 2011, 6(2), 47-57.

In the present study physico chemical parameters such as Temperature, pH, Total dissolved solids, Total suspended solids, Electrical Conductivity, Calcium, Magnesium, Total Hardness, Chloride, Sulphate, Phosphate, Nitrate, Nitrite, Biological Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand and Dissolved oxygen were analyzed in the leather tannery of Dindigul, Tamil Nadu. All the parameters were found to be above the standard limit. The tannery effluent was alkaline with high BOD and COD, along with higher concentration of Total dissolved solids and Total Suspended solids, Sodium adsorption ratio and high amount of sodium having water quality class C3S1. A systematic statistical analysis showed correlation between water quality parameters. Water quality index minimum (WQI minimum) calculated using Temperature, pH, Electrical conductivity, DO and Total suspended solids which showed that effluent belonged to bad water class. Water quality index (WQI) calculated using all the 16 physico-chemical parameters showed that effluent belonged to very bad water class. The total dissolved solid present in the effluent is maximum hence effluent is unfit for irrigation and for any use. The discharge of leather tannery effluent is leading to the contamination of ground water to the surrounding area and highly polluting the environment. It can thus be concluded that waste effluent from leather tannery is unfit for agricultural use and it may have deleterious effect on soils when used for irrigation purposes causing salinity and sodicity problems unless proper management techniques are adopted.

2 illus, 11 tables, 44 ref

002098   Sharma V;Goel A (Textile Design Dep, National Institute of Fashion Technology, Gandhinagar) : Chemical analysis of Bamboo and Cotton fibres. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(12), 417-21.

Knowledge of chemical properties of textile fibers is of immense importance because textiles are made up from fibers which are constituted of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, in few cases sulphur also, in different combinations; as a result fibers behave differently with different substances. Besides that, textiles are subjected to treatment with water, soaps, detergents, solvents, as well as chemicals which are alkaline, acidic, oxidizing or reducing in nature, and or with heat and so many other agents which are chemical in nature, in their use and care. Therefore, behaviour or reaction of textiles to these agents is important for application of finishes as well as to the consumers.

1 table, 22 ref

002097   Rajkumar K;Prem Ranjan;Thavamani P;Jeyanthi P;Pazhanisamy P (NO, Indian Rubber Manufacturer's Research Association, Plot No 254/1B, Road No. 16V, Wagale, Industrial Estate, Thane- Maharashtra-400 604, Email: rkirmra@gmail.com) : Dispersion studies of nanosilica in NBR based polymer nanocomposite. Rasayan J Chem 2013, 6(2), 122-33.

Polymer-nanosilica composite was prepared using Silica nano particles as reinforcing fillers in Acrylonitrile Butadiene Rubber (NBR). The rheological behavior of the polymer nano composite was studied using Rubber Process Analyzer [RPA-2000, USA]. The dispersion of the silica nano particles based filler in the Nitrile Rubber was achieved using liquid NBR polymer matrix and was investigated by FTIR, SEM-EDS. The effect of increasing nano-silica loadings on mechanical properties of NBR nanocomposites was also studied. Mechanical tests demonstrate that the NBR/nano-silica based polymer nano composites possess greatly increased the elastic modulus and tensile strength, and desirably strong interfaces. The thermal resistance properties of NBR Nano-composites were studied through air ageing Studies at 100°C and characterized through TGA studies.

15 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref

002096   Massey S;Maurya R (Clothing & Textiles Dep, G.B. Pant Ag. & Tech. Univ, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand) : Technical details of Varanasi silk sarees: designs, motifs, dyes and embellishments. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(12), 425-7.

Saree has always been the favourite garment of women in India. It has a timeless charm and is the most favoured garment worn at formal occasions and at religious ceremonies. Varanasi has long been famous for its brocades and sarees. The demand of Varanasi saree in National and International market promoted the weaving of sarees on a vast scale. Hence, in the present study an attempt has been made to study the technical details of Varanasi sarees i.e. designs, motifs, dyes and embellishments. 120 respondents were selected from different weaving units of Varanasi city through proportional technique. The data collected by interview schedule was tabulated and analyzed using frequency, percentage and weighted scores.

2 illus, 3 tables, 6 ref

002095   Lawal A S;Adamu B (Textile Science and Technology Dep, Ahmadu Bello Univ, Zaria, Nigeria) : Technology of production of weft knitted fabrics made from modified Acrylic yarns and studies of their properties. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(12), 422-4.

Different types of acrylic yarns such as twisted spun acrylic yarn 3-ply (Sample A), relaxed ring spun acrylic yarn 3-ply (Sample B), repco spun acrylic yarn 2-ply (Sample C) and relaxed repco acrylic yarn 2-ply (Sample D) were knitted into fabrics under different tension and a comparative study was made on the properties of these fabrics. The properties studied were fabric abrasion resistance, fabric wettability, fabric thickness and fabric flammability test. The results obtained suggested that the knitted fabrics produced from Sample B and Sample D were better than the knitted fabrics produced from Sample A and Sample C in terms of fabric abrasion resistance and fabric thickness. Analysis of the results showed that all the four samples have good flammability rating.

6 illus, 9 ref

002094   Kumaresan M;Palanisamy P;Kumar P E (Chemistry Dep, M.P. Nachimuthu M. Jaganathan Engineering College, Chennimalai, Erode, Tamil Nadu) : Dyeing of Cotton and silk fabrics using stem of Achras sapota extract: effects of mordanting and dyeing process variables on colour yield and colour fastness properties. Asian J expl Chem 2011, 6(1), 1-7.

Eco-friendliness is one of the priority concerned in the textile industry where natural dyes can be used instead of synthetic dyes. The present study deals with an attempt which has been made to obtain dye extract from the stem of Achras sapota. Conventionally bleached cotton and silk fabrics have been subjected to pre, post and simultaneous mordanting with selective mordants using Myrobolan (harda) and other mordants (metallic salts) followed by dyeing with ethanol extract of stem of Achras sapota. It is observed that the application of 3 per cent of A1₂(SO₄)₃ and 3 per cent of FeSO₄ have been identified as two better prospective mordanting system. The study on the effect of dyeing process variables on surface colour strength indicates that the 60 min. dyeing time, 60°C dyeing temperature, 1:20 material-to-liquor ratio, 3 per cent mordant concentration, 5 per cent dye concentration and 5g 1^-1 common salt are the optimum values with minor differences among the different fibre- mordant system studied. This study also includes the comparison of mordanting techniques as well as dying properties and visualizes the effect of myrobolan and metallic mordants. Colour fastnesses to washing, rubbing, light fastness and perspiration of cotton and silk fabrics dyed with and without mordants have also been studied.

6 illus, 4 tables, 14 ref

002093   Basu B (NO, The Synthetic and Art Silk Mills' Research Association, Mumbai) : Composite textile and markting strategy. Man Made Text India 2012, 55(12), 409-16.

Composite Textile is gradually capturing market globally for its own advantage and in the areas of development. Side by side, emphases are to be rendered for environment friendship, specifications and physical properties. The areas are being very much specific oriented the customers are too choosy in accepting a product. Hence at every stage proper production planning is required. For the growing demand although within a limited spare, the marketing and its conception is becoming more sophisticated and competitive. There are technical bottle necks to cope up with highly competitive market otherwise the producers will face tremendous challenge. The products are in varieties to satisfy the need of the sophisticated and high profile customers. Every product is having special criteria, application, structural feature which are to understand item wise and accordingly marketing planning are to be organized. The paper describes various marketing aspects and difficulties with range of products and their required specifications.

1 table, 9 ref

002092   Baral A K;Boora A (Printing Techhnology Dep, GJUS&T, Hisar, Haryana) : Minimizing printed waste to the lowest level in single colour sheet fed offset process. Int J Sci Engng Comput Technol 2013, 3(1-2), 21-3.

Offset printing process is the one of the major form of printing in India as well as worldwide. It occupies more than 40 per cent of total printing systems and even the introduction of digital technology has not changed the scenario much in recent time. Makeready operation is one of the major areas which need special care and attention not only to reduce the time and energy but also to minimize the level of paper waste.

3 illus, 8 ref

002091   Bahadur P;Tyagi S (Chemistry Dep, D.A.V. (P.G.) College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh) : Tensides (or surfactants) and heavy metal soaps. Asian J expl Chem 2011, 6(2), 119-22.

001045   Wicket N (NO, , A.T.E. Enterprises Private Limited, Bhagwati House, A-19, CTS No. 689, Veera Desai Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400 053, Email: www.ateindia.com) : Magic blue-modular denim wet-finishing concepts. Asian Dyer 2010, 7(2), 35-7.

Goller Textilmaschinen offers innovative technical solutions, which can be tailormade to all requirements in the field of woven denim continuous wet processing. Besides, with its operationally efficient and environmentally friendly features, the Goller modular denim offers highest achievable production safety, sound reliability and flexibility, and constant premium quality. To keep pace with increasingly stringent demands in the denim market, Goller modular denim is one's first choice in woven denim continuous wet processing which improves the production efficiency and the quality of the final products at the dye houses.

5 illus, ref

001044   Srivastava M;Udawat P (Textiles and Apparel Designing College of Home Science Dep, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technlogy Univ, Udaipur, Rajasthan) : Study on availability of underutlised animal fibre resource in different zones of Rajasthan. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(2), 355-9.

Study was conducted in Zone I and Zone II of Rajasthan state were selected to collect data on animal based fibres, as in these zones, goat and sheep rearing are the main occupation of respondents along with farming of staple crops. The results reveled that Goat and sheep rearing is main occupation of the rebari community. Shearing was done twice in a year. The fibres were sold at the rate of Rs. 5-10/-per kg of goat fibers and Rs. 10-20/- per kg. of sheep fibers. All the respondents did spinning with traditional method. The wool is mainly utilized in the carpet manufacturing units, felt making units and a large quantity of wool produced is supplied to other states. Assan/Mats, Hand bag, Carpet, Cart bag, Ropes and Cot-weaving were the common products made by the respondents.

4 illus, 10 tables, 2 ref

001043   Srivastava M;Simerjeet Kour (Textiles and Apparel Designing Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Partap Univ of Agriculture and Techn, Udaipur, Rajasthan) : Traditional costumes and coiffure of male and female Rajput community of Mewar region of Rajasthan. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(1), 94-100.

Rajasthan is the largest state of the republic of India in terms of area. It is often called the shoppers "paradise" as it is famous for textiles, semi-precious stones and handicrafts. The attractive designs of costumes and coiffure are eye catching and inviting to any shopper. Rajasthani costumes are always in demand wherever sold. The present study deals with the rich heritage of Rajputs and their traditional costume and coiffure.

7 illus, 8 tables, 3 ref

001042   Singhal S;Aggarwal M;Bansal M K (Home Science Dep, Ginni Devi Modi Girls (P.G.) College, Modinagar, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Evaluation of fabric screen printing industries using conventional and modern methods. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(2), 255-60.

Screen printing industries of India, considered as the back bone of India's economy is growing rapidly. The continuous demand of the screen printed goods manufacturing units brightened the future and scope of screen printing industries. Understanding this, the present study on the screen printing industries was conducted through interview schedule and observation technique to gather the information about raw material, preparation for the designs of screens, printing, equipments, Motif and colours, marketing, problems faced by both the workers and entrepreneurs. Information were gathered from purposively selected 40 units through interview schedule. Collected data were tabulated under various categories on master sheets and content analyses were carried out. The screen-printing units, due to the ever increasing demands are constantly towards betterment and do add to countries economy.

16 illus, 21 ref

001041   Sharma A (Textile Design Dep, National Institute of Fashion Technology, New Delhi) : Research on parameters required for textile designer brief of Indian retail home furnishing market for new product development. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(2), 347-51.

The Indian Retail Home furnishing market is growing day by day. Many new brands are being launched every year. The Indian customer is also becoming more aware about the new designer market and is always looking ahead for something new and innovative. New Product Development is what caters to customers demand; it is the process in which the Manufacturers, designers, project client, users and vendors work together as stakeholders for creating new products. The information flow is from Manufacturer to designer, from designer to vendor and in the end to users. A communication channel is very important between any two stakeholders for the development of a successful product. This study however studies only the communication link from manufacturer to designer for new product development. This communication is called as Designer Brief. There is an empirical research available on the designer brief given by the manufacturers of Indian retail home furnishing market. The research will aim to find the parameters required by the designers in designer brief for New Product Development from the manufacturer in Indian retail home furnishing market.

29 ref

001040   Satish Kumar K;Das S;Hipparagi S A; Sheshachala D (NO, Central Silk Technological Research Institute, Bangalore) : Comparative studies on traditional and enzymatic methods of cotton processing. Asian Dyer 2010, 7(2), 38-42.

Cotton fabrics processed with enzymes have shown higher breaking load and also better colour fastness properties are observed. In the subjective assessment, enzymatic processes have registered better hand feeling than traditional method. Significant saving of water due to lower liquor ratio in desizing and scouring method of enzymatic processes exert less effluent load on environment. However, economics do favour traditional method. But considering better durability, fastness, feel of the fabric, and environment friendly processing, enzymatic process may be preferred.

3 tables, 2 ref

001039   Samani V S;Dave R S (Home Science Dep, M.V.M. Science and Home Science College, Rajkot, Gujarat) : Women entrepreneurship in Kadamb Mahila Handicraft and Industrial Manufacturing and Sales Co-operatives in patola manufacturing, Rajkot. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(1), 212-16.

Case Study of Women Entrepreneurship in Kadamb Mahila Handicraft and Industrial Manufacturing and Sales Co- operatives Patola Manufacturing, Rajkot was carried out. A questionnaire was designed to collect information along with personal interview of 60 women workers of the unit. Various parameters ranging from financial matter of work, working style, physical hazards from occupation were evaluated. General information regarding present fashion trend in patola weaving and dyeing were studied. Present consumer demand for various color combination, different types of printing (design) were also evaluated. It was concluded that patola weaving is very laborious and slow process art with little financial rewards. So entrepreneurs in Rajkot are developing new pattern of patola with weaving design only in weft yarn, which is more economical and viable in present fashion and situation. Traditional patola of Rajkot are famous and cheaper than patola of other places in Gujarat, such as Patan, and also of those made in states other than Gujarat.

7 tables, 7 ref

001038   Maulik S R;Mandal S (NO, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi) : Printing of handloom cotton fabric with natural colour. Asian Dyer 2010, 7(2), 49-54.

Studies presented in the present article relate to printing of handloom cotton fabric with Camellia sinensis (tea leaf), Allium cepa (onion skin), Tagetes erecta (marigold flower) and Butea monosperma (palas flower) in presence of different inorganic salts with the objectives of achieving an improvement in the fastness properties of the printed materials and making them higher performing and enhancing scope for their use in different value-added niche handloom products. Ferrous sulphate, aluminium sulphate and copper sulphate, when used as inorganic salts, produce most balanced improvements in colourfastness properties of the printed cotton fabrics. Among the vegetable colourants used in this study, Camellia sinensis (tea leaf), Allium cepa (onion skin) and Tagetes erecta (marigold flower) produce better results in terms of colourfastness properties as compared to Butea monosperma (palas flower).

9 illus, 3 tables, 27 ref

001037   Grover E;Singh C;Neeti Kishore;Singh A (NO, , ) : Dyeing of silk with Red Cabbage. Asian Dyer 2010, 7(2), 55-8.

In order to satisfy the demand of green minded consumers, the present study was planned to look out for safer alternative for dyeing with natural dyes. Red cabbage was found to be a good source of natural dye for dyeing of silk. The use of various mordants produced various shades of pink colour and beige colours. Further research can also be done on isolation of natural dyes to make easy packaging of these dyes for use in dyeing of various other textile materials.

2 illus, 3 tables, 6 ref

001036   Chinnammal S K;Amsamani S (NO, Textiles and Clothing of Avinashilingam Dep, Coimbatore) : Synthesising and evaluating the performance of enzyme for scouring of cotton. Asian Dyer 2010, 7(2), 43-8.

Bioscouring may be a valuable and environment friendly alternative to harsh chemicals. All the three methods have improved the absorbency. The advantages of bioscouring over alkali scouring are reduced effluent load, less weight loss, less shrinkage and less damage since it is specific to pectin and waxes, besides increased soft, smooth hand on the fabric. It provides a safe working environment as the chemical reaction occurs under mild conditions. Rapid changes in technology and a dire need to conserve water and energy have forced the textile industry to give up the old conventional processes and try out new methods which enable not only cost reduction, but also savings in terms of water and energy. Utilisation of biotechnological applications like enzymatic procedures in the industrial sectors not only reduces load on the effluents by avoiding chemical usage but also improves quality, apart from providing a safe working atmosphere. Ecofriendly procedures and products have always been and will always thus create a niche in the business and the society.

5 illus, 6 tables, 10 ref

001035   Byadgi S A;Naik S D (Textiles and Apparel Designing Dep, College of Rural Home Science Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad, Karnataka) : Hand embroidered and jamdani patterned dharwad sarees: a comparative study. Asian J Home Sci 2010, 5(2), 302-6.

Kutch situated in the border region of Gujarat state is a drought-prone area which is famous across the world for its exclusive hand embroidery done by the native women. Embroidery of various kinds is part of their traditional dresses, turbans, shawls, sarees and other accessories. In the present study, an attempt has been made to develop selected Gujarat (Kutch) embroidery motifs woven as Jamdani patterns on Dharwad sarees. The designs were incorporated in the body and pallav of Dharwad polycot sarees using jacquard shedding mechanism. Further, the cost aspects of these trendy Jam dam Dharwad sarees was calculated by comparing with the hand embroidered saree.

4 illus, 2 tables, 4 ref