011403   Chaudhuri A;Mujumdar P K (Jute and Fibre Technology Dep, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700 019, Email: atin57@gmail.com) : Physical properties of Dref-III spun yarn by variation of machine parameters with Box and Behnken's 3x3 model. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(2), 163-71.

Response surface equations have been derived for prediction of the effects of nip distance, nip pressure and drum speed on tenacity, breaking extension, initial modulus, specific work of rupture, unevenness and packing coefficient of Dref-III lam. Contour curves have been constructed to study the interaction effect of different variables on different responses. Tenacity, breaking extension, initial modulus, evenness and' packing coefficient of yarn drastically decrease with the increase in nip distance. Increase in nip pressure causes increase in tenacity and packing coefficient of yarn at very high rate. Increase in drum speed increases the initial modulus of yarn largely. Interaction effect between nip distance and drum speed has positive influence on tenacity, breaking extension, specific work of rupture and packing coefficient of yarn. Interaction of nip pressure and nip distance has positive influence on tenacity of Dref-III yarn.

5 illus, 5 tables, 7 ref

011402   Baldua R K;Rengasamy R S;Kothari V K (Textile Technology Dep, Indian Institute of Tecnology, New Delhi-110 016, Email: iitkothari@gmail.com) : Comparison of artificial neural network and regression models for prediction of air-jet textured yarn properties. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(2), 157-62.

Artificial neural network (ANN) model has been designed to predict the air-jet textured yarn properties and the performance of ANN model is compared with response surface model based on multiple non-linear regression analysis. density per filament, overfeed, air-pressure and texturing-speed have been selected as input variables as they significant influence on yarn properties. Artificial neural network is able to forecast the air-jet textured yarn properties on selected input parameters with a lower level of errors than the regression models. The validation data set, is used to validate both the model, shows lower level of mean error per cent in case of ANN than in case of regression model.

4 illus, 10 tables, 13 ref

011401   Asagekar S D;Joshi V K (NO, DKTE Society's Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji-416 115, Email: sdasgekar@gmail.com) : Characteristics of sugarcane fibre. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(2), 180-4.

Sugarcane fibres have been extracted from bagasse by 0.1 N NaOH treatment and their characteristics are evaluated. The fibres show moderate crystallinity, with crystallinity index in the range 63- 68%. The SEM photographs reveal that the fibre is composed of bundle of cells encrusted by cementing material, outside bundles are composed mainly of short thin walled parenchyma cells. The fineness of fibre varies between 25tex and 35tex. The moisture regain of fibre lies betwee 13% and 18%. The tenacity of the fibres lies between 12 g/tex and 18 g/tex and the percentage breaking elongation varies between 2.5% and 3.5%. The fibre possesses moderate amount of elastic recovery at 50% of breaking extension. The torsional rigidity of fibres is quiet high ranging between 95 dyne-cm^{2 and 330dyne-cm2, indicating that the fibre has high rigidity to twisting and is not suitable for making yam. The flexural rigidity of fibres is quite low ranging from 0.015 g cm2 to 0.032 g cm2.}

5 illus, 8 ref

011400   Ali A H M;Yu W (Key Laboratory of Textile Science & Technology, Ministry of Education, Donghua University, Shanghai, P R China-201 620, Email: wdyu@dhu.edu.cn) : Thermal behavior of nonwoven basalt and glass fabrics under flashover environment. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(2), 147-52.

Thermal properties of nonwoven basalt and glass fabrics have been evaluated and compared. The thermal stability of fabrics has been analyzed using thermogravimetry analysis (TGA). In order to assess the thermal radiation protective performance when exposed to the fire environment, the spectral reflectance of nonwoven fabrics with different thickness is evaluated by the ultraviolet-visible-near infrared (UV-Vis-NIR) spectrophotometer. The thermal protective performance of the nonwoven fabrics is analyzed and characterized using thermal protective performance (TPP) testing . The TGA, UV - Vis-NIR spectrophotometer and TPP tests reveal that the basalt and glass fabrics exhibit good thermal stability, and the nonwoven fabrics present excellent thermal protective performance and thermal insulation properties for real exposure time applications.

4 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

010385   Zhao Z;Ji J;Yu F (NO, Zhijiang College of Zhejiang Univ of Technology, Hangzhou 310024, P.R. China, Email: sjzhaolei@163.com) : Ionic liquid graft modification of sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) membrane. J Polym Mater 2014, 31(1), 15-27.

Ionic liquid can be used as an effective additive to enhance proton conductivity of the proton exchange membrane. Using chemical graft modification of sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) with imidazole chloride ionic liquid and doped by rare earth nano-particles could increase remarkably the proton conductivity of the membranes. Ionic liquid provide a continuous channel of proton transfer. Chemical graft modification is conducive to reduce its running out and improve the service life of the membrane. Moreover, these serial specimens also had a good effect on thermal stability compared with pure sulfonated poly(etheretherketone) membranes. The more amounts of doped rare earth nanoparticles, better methanol resistance and anti-water uptake ability reached. However, rare earth has no benefits to transfer proton even lower it.

13 illus, 1 table, 18 ref

010384   Wang F;Li Y;Wang D (College of Science, Northwest A&F Univ, Xinong Road No. 22, Yangling, Shaanxi 712 100, Email: wf4070@yahoo.com.cn) : Adhesion enhancement for liquid silicone rubber and different surface by organosilane and pt catalyst at room temperature. Bull Mater Sci 2013, 36(6), 1013-17.

Surface modification of aluminum, glass, epoxy resin, polypropylene and polyethylene via corona discharge pretreatment and platinum catalyst addition to promote their adhesion with liquid silicone rubber is reported. The corona-pretreated substrate surface was silanized with vinyltrimethoxysilane to generate vinyl groups on the surface, which could be initiated by platinum catalyst to form vinyl radicals. Then, the vinyltrimethoxysilane modified substrate was dipped into platinum catalyst solution to introduce platinum on the vinyltrimethoxysilane surface. The modified aluminum surface was characterized by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The strong adhesion property between liquid silicone rubber and different surface was achieved by introducing a small amount of vinyltrimethoxysilane and platinum catalyst, followed by curing at low temperature. XPS result indicated the formation of vinyltrimethoxysilane coating on aluminum surface. Peel strength for liquid silicone rubber/vinyltrimethoxysilane-platinum surface was over 3.2 kN/m compared to only 1.1 kN/m for liquid silicone rubber/vinyltrimethoxysilane-aluminum. The cohesive failure in the bulk of liquid silicone rubber was observed for liquid silicone rubber/vinyltrimethoxysilane-platinum surface. It is assumed that the cross-linking reactions between vinyl groups in the vinyltrimethoxysilane coating and unsaturated terminal group of liquid silicone rubber occur due to the existence of platinum catalyst.

7 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

010383   Semsarzadeh M A;Amiri S (Polymer Group, Chemical Engineering Dep, Tarbiat Modares Univ, Tehran, Iran, Email: semsarzadeh@modares.ac.ir) : Preparation and properties of polyrotaxane from α-cyclodextrin and poly(ethylene glycol) with poly(vinyl alcohol). Bull Mater Sci 2013, 36(6), 989-96.

α-Cyclodextrin (α-CD) was found to form inclusion complexes with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) having a crystalline state in high yields, which have been investigated extensively in the past. Formation of an inclusion complex depends strongly on structure, molecular weight and geometry of the polymer. Development of a dicomponent inclusion complex (DIC) of PEG and α-CD in the presence of poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and initiation of hexagonal crystals upon sonication have exhibited various microstructures. Formation of the new inclusion complex in PVA heavily depends on the concentration of PVA, temperature and sonication time. The complexes produced are characterized by FTIR, HNMR spectra and powder X-ray. ^{1HNMR of the complexes demonstrate that their stoichiometric ratio is 2:1 (two ethylene glycol units and one α-CD). X-ray patterns of PEG-α-CD complex indicate that the α-CD forms channels whereas PEG/α-CD/PVA creates cage-type structures.}

10 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

006283   Yadav A;Chitranayak (NO, Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai, Email: achchheyadav@yahoo.com) : Influence of tightness factor on air permeability and thermal transportation of knitted fabrics. Cotton Res J 2012, 3(1), 122-30.

Aim of this study was to find out the effect of tightness factor of knitted fabrics on their air permeability and thermal transportation. In this study various structured knitted fabrics were produced. Physical parameters such as tightness factor, GSM, air permeability, Course per inch and Wales per inch, porosity and optical porosity were measured and calculated by the standard procedures and methods. From the data gathered, it is evident that as GSM of knitted fabrics increases as their tightness factor increases. Analysis of data reveals that non linear relation exists between air permeability and tightness factor of cotton knitted fabric. Similarly non linear relation exits between air permeability and tightness factor of acrylic and viscous yarn knitted fabrics too. Air permeability of knitted fabric increases as porosity increases. A positive relation exists between the theoretical porosity and the optical porosity. There is no consistent trend has been observed in thermal transportation of knitted fabrics.

6 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

006282   Velusamy P;Rajalakshmi S;Pitchaimuthu S; Kannan N (Centre for Research and Post-graduate Dep of Chemistry, Ayya Nadar Janaki Ammal College (Autonomous), Sivakasi-626 124) : Photo decolouration of brilliant green dye using β-CD modified TiO₂. Indian J envir Prot 2013, 33(7), 583-9.

Photo decolouration of brilliant green (BG) dye on the surface of semiconductors β-CD modified TiO₂ has been studied under visible light. After the β-CD molecules almost 100% of decolouration of BG dye has been achieved. It confirms enhancement of the photo decolouration of the BG by β-CD. The effect of various process parameters, like effect of initial concentration, irradiation time, addition of catalyst and pH variation on photo decolocration of BG was studied. The COD measurement confirms the mineralization of BG. The rate of photo decolouration follows pseudo first order kinetics. The present study open new horizon for the mineralization of BG for the application of wastewater treatment.

8 illus, 8 tables, 10 ref

006281   Sodhi P (Clothing and Textiles Dep, Govt. Home Science College, Chandigarh) : Spider silk: entrapped in web. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(5), 178-81.

In the world of natural fibers, spider silk has long been renowned as the wonder fiber for its unique combination of high strength and rupture elongation. Having toughness supplementary than three times that of polyaramid and industrial fibers, spider silk continues to magnetize the interest of fiber scientists and hobbyists alike. Although Spider silk is extremely lightweight but a strand of spider silk is long enough to circle the Earth and would weigh less than 500 g. Spider silk is ductile it means it can be effortlessly drawn and transformed into wire and capable to stretch up to 140% of its length without breaking the strand. It can hold its strength below -40 °C and this gives it a very high toughness i.e. high work to fracture. Realizing the need to explore more on this issue, author made an endeavor to know about Spider Silk. Further it emphasizes its properties panorama with the structural outlook. It also draws attention towards cyclic representation of filament formation. At the end, types of spider silk have been discussed.

7 illus, 12 ref

006280   Kale S (Textiles and Apparel Designing Dep, College of Home Science, MAU, Parbhani) : Subjective evaluation of cotton fabric stiffened with mango kernel starch. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(5), 167-9.

Cultivated in many tropical regions and distributed widely in the world mango is one of the most extensively exploited fruits for food, juice, flavor, fragrance and color and a common ingredient in new functional foods often called super fruits. After consumption or industrial processing of the fruits, considerable amounts of mango seeds are discarded as waste. Mango seed consists of a tenacious coat enclosing the kernel which contains crude protein, oil, ash, crude fiber, and carbohydrate. This paper describes the use of mango kernel starch on cotton and its subjective evaluation.

1 table, 3 ref

006279   Basak S;Samanta K K;Chattopadhyay S K;Narkar R;Das M (NO, Central Institute of Research on Cotton Technology, Mumbai) : Thermal stable mosquito repellent jute fabric treated with thio-urea. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(5), 170-7.

Flame retardant finish using thio-urea, resin formulation has been prepared for application in jute fabric. Thio-urea and resin was applied in different concentration to raw jute fabric by padding and drying method. Flame retardancy of the treated fabric was compared to control fabric by temperature generation, vertical flammability and limiting oxygen index (LOI) determination. Compared to control jute fabric LOI value was found to increase by 1.9 times after 80 gpl application of thio-urea, resin. As far the vertical flammability is concerned all the treated fabric showed low burning rate and showed less fabric temperature compared to the control fabric. Thus at 80 gpl thio-urea, resin application, burning was stopped and char length was observed. Washing and weathering durability of the treated fabrics were evaluated as per standard method. Beside the flammability results, temperature generation curve, cellulose-resin reaction mechanism, thermogravimetry (TG) and FTIR analysis of the control, treated and washed fabrics were also compared and commented. Mosquito repellent property of the control and treated fabrics were evaluated quantitatively by cage test. Physical properties of the control and treated fabrics were also evaluated by tensile strength, yellowness index and brightness index.

6 illus, 5 tables, 28 ref

006278   Ammayappan L;Shakyawar D B;Lal C;Sharma M; Wani S A (Textile Manufacture and Textile Chemistry Div, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar, Jaipur) : Extraction of natural colorants from agricultural residues and their application on woolen fabric: part 1. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(5), 184-7.

Natural colorants were extracted from agricultural residues like bark from Kamala tree and husk of onion and they applied on woolen fabric with eco-friendly metallic mordants. They have produced pale shades with very good to excellent fastness properties.

5 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

005248   Patel B H;Desai K U (Textile Chemistry Dep, The M.S. Univ of Baroda, Vadodara,) : Single bath application of natural dye on cotton/polyurethane blends. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(3), 90-4.

Methanolic extract of Tulsi leaves was applied to cotton/polyurethane blends by cold-pad-batch technique. Effect of metal salt on the colour strength and colour co-ordinates were also investigated using spectrophotometer. It has been found that the colour strength values of samples dyed in presence of copper sulphate and ferrous chloride as metal salt improves the depth of shade, whereas the use of stannous chloride decreases the colour strength value. The antimicrobial activity of dyed samples has been evaluated using Bromophenol Blue (BPB) test. The sample showed very encouraging results in terms of antimicrobial resistivity.

3 illus, 7 tables, 17 ref

005247   Pant S;Singh J (NO, Banasthali Univ, P.O. Banasthali, Rajashthan) : Creating burn out prints on polyester : wood blend fabric. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(3), 87-9.

Main aim of this study was to explore new avenues for designing of polyester : wool fabric. A chemical printing method was adopted to create burn out effect. Polyester : wool blend of varying ratio, thickness, weight and compactness were treated with three concentration of sodium hydroxide for varying time periods. Processing parameters were optimized on the basis of transparency of design and sharpness of outline as well as change in selected physical properties. 40% concentration of sodium hydroxide was found optimum to obtain burn out prints. Best results were obtained in polyester : wool blend of high wool content and in loose construction.

3 tables, 3 ref

005246   Krishna A;Chaudhary S N (Textile Engineering Dep, Government Polytechnic Gulzarbagh, Patna, Bihar) : Nanotechnology in textiles. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(3), 95-100.

Nanotechnology is revolutionizing the world of materials. Developments related to nanotechnology have recently caused a tidal wave in textile research. This paper reviews its impact in developing a new generation of textile fibers with enhanced functionality and a wide range of applications. Nanotechnology at the molecular level can be used to develop desired textile characteristics, such as high tensile strength, unique surface structure, soft hand, durability, water repellency, fire retardancy, antimicrobial properties, and the like. Indeed, advances in nanotechnology have created enormous opportunities and challenges for the textile industry, including the cotton industry. This paper focuses on nanofiber production by using electrospinning techniques and recent applications of nanotechnology as they relate to textile fibers, yarns, and fabrics.

2 illus, 16 ref

005245   Khanna S R (NO, Texchem Consultant, Mumbai) : Rapid desizing of cotton fabrics. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(6), 216-18.

Rapid desizing of cotton fabric can be obtained using two baths process at elevated temperatures. Fabric is passed through two different reactive chemicals. Rapid decomposition of sizes (mainly starches) occurs bringing about the case of solvation and subsequently removal of starches by efficient washing. Practical trials indicate that the process can be sufficiently controlled to allow an effective removal of sizes from the grey cloth, saving of time, storage space and equipment like intermediate steamers. Process will make desizing as a continuous process and can be incorporated with continuous bleaching to make the whole process of making grey fabric ready for dyeing, printing in one step.

1 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

005244   Jain R;Agarwal P (Home Science Dep, Rajasthan Univ, Jaipur, Rajasthan) : Textile recycling scenario in India and other countries. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(3), 101-5.

Textile industry is one of the most polluting industries, not only the production but the consumption produces waste. Thus production and consumption of textiles create environmental problems and to minimize that "reduce, reuse and recycling" concept seems to be the only alternative. In India and outside India many groups and association are taking initiatives for recycling of textile waste with different approaches like business, sustainability and social ones. The paper traces the type of waste generated in production as well as in consumption and presents a picture of the current scenario of the recycling of textiles in the world.

7 ref

005243   Dadhiwale W (NO, D.K.T.E Society's Textile and Engineering Institute of Technology, Ichalkaranji) : Application of knitted fabrics in technical and medical textiles. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(6), 207-11.

Knitted fabrics and knitting technology play very important role on the fields of technical and medical textiles and their importance is ever greater. Experts estimate that their annual consumption is increasing by 3.8% in average and it can reach about 24 million tons in 2010. Within this the consumption of each sector is increasing. Roughly one third of the world's fibre consumption is used for production of technical textiles. The term "technical textiles" covers many fields of application that are mirrored in the terminology of Techtextil which is very much used generally when grouping these products. Techtextil differentiates 11 groups and knitted fabrics and products made by knitting technologies can be found in each of them. The article introduces such applications on many examples. We think that use of knitting technologies in the development of technical and medical textiles can help this sector to survive this difficult period of the European textile industry.

7 illus, 7 ref

005242   Choudhuri P K (Silpa Sadana Dep, Textile Section, Visva Bharati, Sriniketan) : Development of speciality fabrics in handloom and studies on their thermal behaviour. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(6), 219-23.

This article deals with the manufacturing of some speciality fabrics using cotton yarn as warp and rovings of cotton, acrylic and polyester fibres as weft. Speciality lies in the use of rovings in place of yarn which is a bulky strand of fibres having very little twist. This increases the volume of the manufactured fabrics owing to more entrapped air. This results better thermal insulation value in terms of higher 'Clo value' when measures in SASMIRA thermal conductivity apparatus (electronic). Among the three types cotton x acrylic fabric gives best results. The newly designed fabrics may find application as winter garments thereby creating a new market for handloom products.

2 tables, 26 ref

005241   Ammayappan L;Shakyawar D B;Lal C;Sharma M; Wani S A (NO, Div of Textile Manufacture and Textile Chemistrym Central Sheep and Wo, Avikanagar, Jaipur) : Extraction of natural colorants from agriculural residues and their application on woolen fabric: part II. Man Made Text India 2014, 42(6), 212-15.

Natural colorants were extracted from agricultural residues like walnut shell and pomegranate rind and they applied on woolen fabric with eco-friendly metallic mordants. They have produced pale and dark shades with very good to excellent fastness properties. Pomegranate colorant shows better fastness, color strength and color depth than walnut colorant.

5 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

004195   Samanta K K;Basak S;Chowdhury P (Chemical and Bio-chemical Processing Division, Central Institute for Research on Cotton Technology, Adenwala Road, Matunga, Mumbai) : Nano-technology for advanced textile application. Man Made Text India 2014, 57(2), 55-9.

Nemo-technology, an interdisciplinary science, is gaining global interest for developing advanced materials. In textile, different value added functionalities such as water, stain and oil repellent, hydrophilic, UV protective, flame retardant, antimicrobial and improvement in bio-compatibility, adhesion and tensile could be accomplished by application of nano-particles, nano-capsules, nano-fibres, carbon nano tubes (CNT) and nano-coating. Unlike top-down approach, different shape and size of nano-material with new functionality could be synthesized in bottom-up approach by molecular reaction. ZnO, TiO₂, Ag and CNT nanoparticles are applied in textile to impart above functionalities. Plasma, sol-gel, electrospinning and electrospraying are used to impart nano-coating in textiles.

3 illus, 15 ref

004194   Roy A N (NO, National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology, ICAR, Kolkata, West Bengal, Email: a_n_royin@yahoo.co.in) : Development of knitted warm garments from speciality jute yarns. J Instn Engrs : Ser E 2014, 94(2), 61-5.

Jute-polyester blended core and textured polyester multifilament cover spun-wrapped yarn was produced using existing jute spinning machines. The spun-wrapped yarn so produced show a reduction in hairiness up to 86.1%, improvement in specific work of rupture up to 9.8% and specific flexural rigidity up to 23.6% over ordinary jute-polyester blended yarn. The knitted swatch produced out of these spun-wrapped yarn using seven gauge and nine gauge needle in both single jersey and double jersey knitting machines showed very good dimensional stability even after three washing. The two-ply and three-ply yarn produced from single spun-wrapped yarn can be easily used in knitting machines and also in hand-knitting for the production of sweaters. The thermal insulation value of the sweaters produced with jute-polyester blended spun-wrapped yarn is comparable with thermal insulation value of sweaters made from 100% acrylic and 100% wool. However, the hand-knitted sweaters showed higher thermal insulation value than the machine-knitted sweaters due to less packing of yarn in hand knitted structure as compared to machine knitting.

3 tables, 16 ref

004193   Raybagi A;Khadake B D (NO, Textile & Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji, Maharashtra) : Technora - high tenacity aramid fiber. Man Made Text India 2014, 57(2), 47-50.

Textiles are rapidly and constantly changing with the introduction of new fibers, new Technologies. Technora is a high strength material with excellent thermal and chemical resistive properties. Basically technora is a high tenacity aramid fiber used in high performance fabrics and ropes. Technora is a Para-aramid fiber independently developed by Teijin, which has been commercially available since 1987. It has high tensile strength, high modulus and excellent resistance to heat and chemicals, especially acids and alkalis. The present study is conducted with the aim to enlighten people about the advantages and applications of Technora fiber in textiles.

3 tables, 7 ref

004192   Jose S;Salim R (NO, National Institute of Research on Jute & Allied Fibre Technology, Kolkata, West Bengal) : Overview on Ramie fibre. Man Made Text India 2014, 57(2), 60-5.

Ramie, a bast fibre is one of the strongest natural fibres from vegetable origin. It possesses highest strength and length, good durability and absorbency with excellent luster that makes it suitable for use in the manufacture of wide variety of textiles and value added products. Ramie also find application in sacks, carpets, reinforced polymers, twine, handicrafts, cordage, gas mantles, fishing nets and marine packaging. The extracted fibres contain approximately 25-30% gum which acts as an inhibitor for water and other chemicals to enter inside the fibre. It is almost 6 times stronger than cotton, 2 times that of flax, but almost equals silk in its luster. Stems are harvested, decorticated and degummed for getting the fibre. As a result of degumming, the fibre weight reduces by 30%. Among bast fibres, the clearest form of cellulose is found in ramie. The fibre length varies considerably from 40 to 200 mm and the fibre diameter is around 25-30 microns, which indicates that this is a coarser fibre. It is having a moisture regain of around 12%. Since the extraction process is expensive, there is a scope for improved processing technology for making ramie fibres more acceptable to the textile industry.

5 illus, 2 tables, 32 ref

004191   Ghongade V D;Dorugade V A;Sisodiya N P (Center for Textile Functions, Mukesh Patel School of Technology Management and Engineering, NMIMS, Shirpur Campus, Shirpur, District-Dhule, Maharashtra) : Enhancement of loom efficiency by effective weaving preparatory. Man Made Text India 2014, 57(2), 51-4.

Weaving preparatory is the heart of weaving; the efficiency of loom shed mostly depends upon the quality of preparatory beam. Good control of warping and sizing process parameters and quality of weavers beam result in higher production at loom. Tension variation during warping, moisture content of sized beam and hardness of sized beam plays important role in loom performance. Tension variation during warping causes more end breakages at warping as well as during sizing which affect breakage rate on loom. The increase in moisture contain at sized beam improves the loom performance, whereas increase in beam hardness may results in poor loom performance.

6 illus, 6 tables, 6 ref

004190   Bhattacharya S S;Chaudhari S B (Textile Engineering Dep, Faculty of Technology & Engineering, The M.S. Univ of Baroda, Vadodara-390 001) : Structural, mechanical and functional properties of polyester silica nanocomposite fabric. Int J pure appl Sci Technol 2014, 21(1), 43-52.

Polyester silica nanocomposite fabrics were prepared by incorporating different concentrations of silica nano particles to the fabric by pad-dry-cure method. The prepared composite fabrics were analyzed in terms of change in their mechanical, structural as well as their functional properties. The surface morphology showed the uniform distribution of silica nano particles on fabric through SEM, FTIR showed the presence of silica particles. Some improvement in mechanical properties observed like tensile, tearing and crease recovery angle. Improvement in functional properties observed like antimicrobial property, self cleaning, electrical surface resistivity and dyeing behavior. The most significant part of the study was that the treatment improves performance of polyester fabric without affecting the COD, BOD and TDS values.

4 illus, 9 tables, 13 ref

003141   Banerjee S;Nigam V;Chattopadhyaya M C (Environmental Chemistry Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: mcc46@rediffmail.com) : Effective adsorption of anionic dye, orange G, from aqueous solutions onto activated carbon derived from saw dust by chemical activation with perchloric acid. J Indian Chem Soc 2013, 90(8), 1211-21.

Present communication addressed the applicability of a low cost activated carbon derived from 'perchloric acid activated saw dust' as an alternate for the contemporary expensive methods for the removal of anionic textile dye from aqueous solutions. Dynamic batch mode operation was set up for the study of various factors such as pH, contact time and temperature, affecting the removal of dye. The surface characterization of the activated carbon was carried out by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). The process of removal was found to be fast and equilibrium was established in 50 min. The maximum removal obtained was 95.67% at pH 2.0, temperature 30 °C, 50 mg L^{-1 initial concentration and a 10 g/L of adsorbent dose. The kinetic study reveals that the data was in close agreement with pseudo-second order than pseudo-first order expression. Equilibrium isotherm was analyzed by fitting the data into Langmuir and Freundlich models. The data are better fitted by Freundlich isotherm as compared with Langmuir. The calculated adsorption capacity of activated carbon was 64.93 mg/g at 30 °C. The thermodynamic parameters such as ΔG°, ΔH° and ΔS° were calculated for the removal process. The negative values of ΔH° and ΔG° indicates the exothermic and spontaneous nature of the process, respectively. According to these results, the activated carbon synthesized could be used as an alternate to the expensive commercial activated carbon for the removal of textiles dyes from waste water.}

9 illus, 4 tables, 18 ref

025346   Yilmaz N D;Caliskan E;Yilmaz K (Textile Engineering Dep, Pamukkale Univ, Denizli 20020, Turkey, Email: ndyilmaz@pau.edu.tr) : Effect of xylanase enzyme on mechanical properties of fibres extracted from undried and dried corn husks. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 60-4.

Fibres have been extracted from corn husks in undried and dried forms by an alkalization treatment followed by enzymatic process at different concentrations of xylanase enzyme. The effects of drying process and xylanase enzyme concentration on the mechanical and textile properties of corn husk fibres have been investigated. The linear density of extracted fibres decreases with the increase in enzyme concentration and drying. Increasing enzyme concentration increases the breaking tenacity and initial modulus up to a point and then decreases them with any further increase in concentration. Fibres obtained from dried husks show dull colour as compared to those obtained from undried husks. No negative effect of drying process is observed on the performance of corn husk fibres. The highest tensile performance and fineness values are obtained from fibres of dried husks, treated with 0.4% Pentopanr mono BG enzyme, with a breaking tenacity of 9.44 cN/tex, initial modulus value of 282 cN/tex, and a fineness of 21.6 tex.

1 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

025345   Wu H Y;Wang F M (College of Textiles, Donghua Univ, Shanghai, China, Email: wfumei@dhu.edu.cn) : Dual-beard sampling method for fibre length measurements. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 72-8.

New method for fibre length measurement using dual-beard sampling method has been - 418 - developed. The dual-beard sampling method is used to produce a dual-beard sample on which fibres are held in the middle and combed from both sides. The dual-beard can be scanned from the holding line synchronously to generate fibrograms. The mathematical relationship between the fibrogram and the weight-based distribution of the original sample is derived and the equations are established to calculate mean length by weight, coefficient of variation, modal length and quality length of the original sample. Finally, experiments are performed and the results show that the dual-beard sampling method can be used to measure fibre length distributions.

6 illus, 16 ref

025344   Varshney R K;Kothari V K;Dhamija S (Textile Engineering Dep, Giani Zail Singh College of Engineering & Technology, Bathinda-151 001, Email: rajeev_varshney2002@yahoo.co.in) : Influence of polyester fibre shape and size on the hairiness and some mechanical properties of yarns. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 24-32.

Polyester fibres of different linear densities and cross-sectional shapes have been spun on ring frame at different twist levels. These yarn samples are subjected to the deformation both in tensile and bending mode to investigate the yarn behavior as a consequence of change in cross-sectional shape and fineness of polyester fibres. Young's modulus as well as bending rigidity of yarns increases with the increase in fibre linear density. These properties of yarns made of trilobal and tetrakelion fibres are higher in magnitude than those of their corresponding circular fibres, whereas the behaviour is opposite if scalloped oval fibre is dealt. As far as yarn hairiness is concerned, the higher the polyester fibre denier, the higher will be the hairiness count. Yarns made of scalloped oval fibres exhibit maximum numbers of hairs followed by tetrakelion and the circular fibres yarns respectively. Similarly the yarns of trilobal fibres are more hairy than their counterparts made of circular fibres.

7 illus, 3 tables, 30 ref

025343   Singh S V;Purohit M C (Chemistry Dep, Shri Guru Ram Rai (PG) College, Pathribagh, Dehradun-248 001, Email: shyam_vir_singh@yahoo.com.au) : Evaluation of colour fastness properties of natural dye extracted from Symplocos racemosa (Lodh) on wool fibres using combination of natural and synthetic mordants. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 97-101.

Colour fastness properties of colourant on wool fibres dyed with natural dye extracted from the leaves of Symplocos racemosa have been studied using combination of mordants such as lemon juice + copper sulphate, lemon juice + potassium dichromate, lemon juice + ferrous sulphate and lemon juice + stannous chloride in the ratio of 3:1, 1:2 and 1:3 separately. Dyeing along with mordanting techniques which included pre-mordanting, simultaneous mordanting and post mordanting has been carried out. Study on fastness tests of dyed clothes is also undertaken. Large range of shades is obtained because of varying mordant ratios and combinations. The wash, rub, light and perspiration fastness of the dyed samples have also been evaluated, giving fair to excellent fastness grades.

^ssc5 tables, 15 ref

025342   Shabaridharan;Das A;Gersak J (Textile Technology Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi-110 016, Email: apurbadas65@gmail.com) : Physiological responses of different tyeps of clothing in cold weather condition-a wear trial study. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 33-42.

Subjective and objective evaluation ofdifferent types of jackets meant for cold weather condition has been done. Fourjackets have been produced with different types of insulative layers. Knitted polyesterfabric and polyester polymer coated fabric have been used as inner and outerlayers respectively for all the four jackets. Polyester needle-punched nonwoven fabrics produced from finer fibre (1.5 den) and hollow fibres (6 and15 denier), and air bonded nonwoven polyester fabrics are used as middle layer.The wear trial study has been performed in the environmental chamber at threedifferent temperatures, viz. 10°C, 0°C and -10 °C for 80 min duration accordingto EN ISO 10551:2001 and the jackets are evaluated by wearer for the thermalcomfort at start, middle and end of the test. The clothing layers used in thejackets are objectively evaluated for thermal and evaporative resistance bysweating guarded hot plate according to ASTM F 1868-Part C. In wear trailstudy, the body mass of the wearer with and without - 417 - clothing, weight of jacketsand other clothing is measured before and after each test along with the microclimatetemperature and relative humidity at eight different parts of the bodyaccording to EN ISO 9886:2004. The Spearman's correlation coefficient, calculatedbetween subjective and objective evaluation, is found to be high at lowerambient temperature. The jackets consisting of hollow fibres are found toperform better in cold weather conditions. The jacket showing maximum thermalinsulation in objective evaluation is found failed to give comfortable feel tothe wearer in wear trials.

6 illus, 6 tables, 21 ref

025341   Sengupta S;Basu G;Chakraborty R;Thampi C J (NO, National Institute of Research on Jute and Allied Fibre Technology, 12 Regent Park, Kolkata-700 040, Email: ssg_42@rediffmail.com ) : Stochastic analysis of major physical properties of coconut fibre. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 14-23.

Distribution profile and inter-relation of major dimensional and mechanical property parameters of raw coconut fibre have been studied with the help of computerized statistical tool. Relations among the properties are evaluated using the best-fit transformation functions calculated through correlation coefficient. Four different types of defects have been identified and analyzed. All the properties are found to be asymmetric in nature and positively skewed. Diameter of a fibre varies along its length with tapering shape at both the ends. Three physical characteristics, namely length, diameter and linear density, are positively correlated among themselves and also with breaking load. They are negatively correlated with specific work of rupture in exponential manner. Flexural rigidity is positively correlated with diameter and linear density. No correlation has been observed for tenacity and elongation of fibre with length, diameter and linear density. Evaluation of length and diameter would be sufficient for quicker mode approximate assessment of quality (grading) for commercial grade coconut fibre lot.

6 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

025340   Samanta A K (NO, Wool Research Association, Thane-400 607, Email: achin.samanta@gmail.com) : Effect of blend ratio on yarn evenness and imperfections characteristics of wool/polyester ring-spun yarn. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 89-92.

Effect of wool/polyester blend ratio on the evenness characteristics of yarn has been studied. Yarns with two different counts have been spun from each of four different blend ratios of polyester/wool in conventional worsted processing system and thereafter evenness and imperfection properties are studied. It is observed that yarn becomes more even with the increase in polyester content in the blend.

^ssc 2 tables, 10 ref

025339   Rejali M;Hasani H;Ajeli S;Shanbeh M (Textile Engineering Dep, Isfahan Technology Univ, Isfahan 84156-83111, Iran, Email: h_hasani@cc.iut.ac.ir) : Optimization and prediction of the pilling performance of weft knitted fabrics produced from wool/acrylic blended yarns. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 83-8.

Effects of fibre, yarn and fabric parameters on the pilling performance of weft knitted fabrics produced from wool/acrylic blended yarns have been investigated. In order to optimize the process conditions and estimate the individual effects of each controllable factor on a particular response, Taguchi's experimental design is used. The controllable factors considered in this study are blend ratio, yarn twist multiple and count, number of feeding yarns, fabric structure and knit density. According to the signal-to-noise ratio analysis, it is observed that the used materials type and the number of feeding yarns have the largest and smallest effect on the pilling performance, respectively. Knit density is the second factor affecting the pilling performance of knitted structures and it is followed by factors knit structure, yarn twist and yarn count. The optimum condition to achieve the least pilling is determined. The prediction of fabric pilling is made using neural network. The maximum and minimum errors of prediction are found to be 4.18% and 0.21% respectively. The average of predicted error of the number of pills for weft knitted fabrics is 1.92%. The results show the good capability and predictive power of artificial neural network algorithm to predict the pilling performance of weft knitted fabric.

^ssc2 illus, 5 tables, 28 ref

025338   Kilic M;Okur A (Textile Engineering Dep, Dokuz Eylul Univ, 35397 Buca, Izmir, Turkey, Email: musa.kilic@deu.edu.tr ) : Comparison of the results of different hairiness testers for cotton-tencel bloended ring, compact and vortex yarns. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 49-54.

Hairiness results of Zweigle G566, Uster Zweigle Hairiness Tester 5 (UZHT5) and Uster Tester 5 S800 (UT5) have been compared for ring, compact and vortex yarns. For this purpose, 100% cotton, cotton-Tencel LF (67:33, 50:50 and 33:67) and 100% Tencel LF yarns have been produced from each spinning system. In general, correlations between the results of Zweigle G566 and UZHT5 devices, working with the same measuring principle, are found statistically significant at 99% confidence level for all spinning systems. However, the correlations between the results of UT5 against Zweigle G566 or UZHT5 are also found statistically significant at 95% confidence level for all spinning systems. But, for vortex yarns, negative correlation coefficients are detected between the results of UT5 against Zweigle G566 or UZHT5 in terms of blend ratio. This situation could be the result of wrapped structure of the vortex yarn and different measuring principles of the hairiness testers.

4 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

025337   Ke G (NO, School of Textile Science and Engineering, Wuhan Textile Univ, Wuhan-430 200, P R China, Email: kgz66@126.com) : Dyeing properties of natural dye extracted from Rhizoma coptidis on acrylic fibres. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 102-6.

Acrylic fibre has been dyed with Rhizoma coptidis aqueous solution and its dyeability is studied in terms of the thermodynamic and kinetic properties and dyeing conditions. The results show the Langmuir type adsorption isotherm for dyed acrylic fibre. The dye uptake and dyeing diffusion coefficient of acrylic fibres increase with the increase in dyeing - 415 - temperature. The effects of dyeing conditions such as dye concentration, dyeing temperature, dyeing time, pH value of dyebath and mordant dyeing on color characteristics of the dyed fibres have been studied, and the optimal dyeing process is selected by orthogonal experimental. The results show that the dyeing temperature and mordant content are the most important influencing factors. Wash fastness and rub fastness of the dyed acrylic show above 4 grade.

^ssc2 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

025336   Gayathry G;Gopalaswamy G (Agricultural Microbiology Dep, Tamil Nadu Agricultural Univ, Coimbatore-641 003, Email: gayasaro@yahoo.co.in) : Production and characterisation of microbial cellulosic fibre from Acetobacter xylinum. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 93-6.

Bacterial cellulose (BC) has been produced by the Gram negative bacterium Acetobacter xylinum at the air liquid interface of sugary rich medium. The BC has been produced from Hestrin Shramn (HS) medium using the efficient cellulose-producing culture isolated from sugarcane juice under static batch fermentation condition. Results show that A. xylinum (sju-1) produces 11g/L BC after 14 days of fermentation period. The water holding capacity of bacterial cellulose is found to be 84.4%. The tensile strength, Young's modulus, viscosity and degree of polymerisation of bacterial cellulosic fibre are found to be 120 MPa, 4.9 GPa, 127.4 cP and 2074 respectively. The FTIR results reveal the presence of hydroxyl and CH₂ stretching behaviour at the absorption wavelength of 3229 cm^{-1 and 2911 cm-1. The banding patterns of bacterial cellulose closely resemble the structure of pure celluloses. A. xylinum (sju-1) isolate produces bacterial cellulose of type Iα in quantities of commercial interest. The findings of the research reveal that bacterial cellulose can be used in making absorbent pads and nonwoven textiles.}

^ssc3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

025335   El-Ola S M A;Moharam M E;Eladwi M M; El-Bendary M A (Proteinic and Synthetic Fibre Dep, National Research Center, Dokki, Giza, Egypt, Email: tasnim41@yahoo.com) : Optimum conditions for polyamide fabric modification by protease enzyme produced by Bacillus sp. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 65-71.

Optimum conditions for surface modification of polyamide 6 (PA) by protease enzyme produced by Bacillus isolate 16P have been studied. These conditions are found to be 0.05 mg/mL enzyme concentration, 0.5 h treatment time, room temperature (30°C) and pH 8 under shaking conditions. The effect of hydrolytic activity of enzymatic process on the weight loss of PA fabric after enzymatic treatment shows negligible difference. Printing both untreated and treated PA fabrics with transfer printing shows high leveling properties as regard to ΔE values which are considered as acceptable values of color differences. PA treated with different sources of protease enzyme under optimum conditions shows good physical properties. SEM of the surface of protease treated PA samples shows etches and voids compared to smooth surface of untreated PA fabric.

1 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref

025334   Dhoot N S;Patil L G;Katkar P M (Textile Technology Dep, D.K.T.E. Textile and Engineering Institute, Ichalkaranji-416 115, Email: proflgpatil@gmail.com) : Effect of fabric weaves on compressional behaviour of wove fabric. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 79-82.

Effect of weaves on compressional properties of woven fabric has been studied. Thirty different samples varying in filling material, namely cotton, polyester-cotton (P/C) and polyester spun fibre (PSF) and in weave, namely 1/1 plain, 2/2 warp rib, 2/2 matt, 2/2 twill, 3/1 twill, 3/1 1/3 twill, 4/4 twill, 8 end satin, herring bone twill and crepe weave with satin base are tested for their compressional behaviour. Study is conducted by compressing the fabric samples using 5000mN load with 100mN/s rate of load. Universal strength tester with compression anvils along with newly designed supporting stand for apparel fabrics is used for this study. It is found that the weave significantly affects the compressibility and compressional - 414 - resilience of woven fabric.

^ssc3 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

025333   Das D;Ishtiaque S M;Yadav S (Textile Technology Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016, Email: Dipayan@textile,iitd.ac.in) : Evaluation of fibre orientation in fibrewebs. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 9-13.

Series of fibrewebs has been evaluated for fibre orientation by means of tracer fibre technique as well as Lindsley technique. The fibre orientation distributions as obtained by tracer fibre technique have been explained in the light of a mathematical model. A dimensionless parameter characterizing the anisotropy of fibre orientation in fibrewebs is obtained. The degree of anisotropy is found to decrease with an increase of number of layers in fibrewebs. On the other hand, the application of Lindsley technique results in a set of parameters, namely cutting ratio, combing ratio, and fibre orientation index. With the increase in number of layers in fibrewebs, the cutting ratio and combing ratio are found to increase, but the fibre orientation index is found to decrease. Further, the fibre orientation anisotropy parameter as obtained by tracer fibre technique correlates very well with the fibre orientation parameters as determined by Lindsley technique.

3 illus, 5 ref

025332   Chaudhuri A;Majumdar P K (Jute and Fibre Technology Dep, Institute of Jute Technology Calcutta Univ, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700 019, Email: atin57@gmail.com) : Effect of transverse pressure on tensile property of parallel fibre assembly. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 43-8.

Quantitative estimation of load bearing capacity of parallel fibre assembly has been made by applying transverse pressure on them with the help of an attachment while they are strained longitudinally by the tensile strength tester. Tenacity of parallel fibre assembly increases with the increase in transverse pressure applied by the compression blocks (attachment), the rate of increase is found to be high initially up to 80 g/cm^{2 applied pressure and thereafter, notable reduction in the rate of increase in tenacity is observed. These results confirm the assumption that in case of Dref-III yarns the tensile force developed in the parallel bundle of core fibres is due to the compressive force generated by the sheath fibres. Required sheath-fibre content for generation of a given transverse pressure has been calculated by solving the regression equations for sheath fibre content and applied transverse pressure with tenacity.}

4 illus, 6 tables, 4 ref

025331   Abakar K A A;Yu C (NO, College of Textiles, Donghua Univ, Shanghai-201 620, People's Republic of China, Email: yucw@dhu.edu.cn) : Performance of SVM based on PUK kernel in comparison to SVM based on RBF kernel in prediction of yarn tenacity. Indian J Fibre Text Res 2014, 39(1), 55-9.

New kernel function of SVM based on the Pearson VII function has been applied and compared with the commonly applied kernel functions, i.e. the polynomial and radial basis function (RBF), to predict yarn tenacity. It is found that the SVM model based on Pearson VII kernel function (PUK) shows the same applicability, suitability, performance in prediction of yarn tenacity as against SVM based RBF kernel. The comparison with the ANN model shows that the two SVM models give a similar predictive performance than ANN model.

2 tables, 19 ref

023222   Shukla P;Upreti D K;Nayaka S;Tiwari P (Lichenology Laboratory, CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh-226 001, Email: upretidk@rediffmail.com) : Natural dyes from Himalayan lichens. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2014, 13(1), 195-201.

Eleven species of lichens collected from different sites of Gharwal region of Indian Himalayas were estimated for dye production using boiling water met

1 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

023221   Raja A S M;Shakyawar D B;Ajay Kumar;Temani P; Pareek P K (Division of Textile Manufacture and Textile Chemistry, Central Sheep and Wool Research Institute, Avikanagar-304 501, Email: asmraja16475@yahoo.com) : Improvement in quality and moth resistance of traditional namdha. Indian J Small Rumin 2014, 20(1), 87-90.

Namdha, a felted wool product is traditionally manufactured by the artisans and used as floor covering. The problems associated with the namdhas during usage like fibre shedding, moth attack etc were analyzed. An attempt has been made to optimize the fibre blend for namdha making to reduce the fibre shedding. Similarly, a natural dye based process was developed for dyeing namdha for imparting moth resistance.

1 table, 5 ref

023220   Liu Y;Gao Q;Liu L;Li S (NO, College of Chemistry and Engineering Technology, China Mining and Tech, Xuzhou-221 116, China, Email: liuyu0138@163.com) : Study on the catalytic synthetic preparation of rubber anti-oxidant 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydro-quinoline polymer. J Indian Chem Soc 2013, 90(3), 319-23.

Paper is on the catalytic synthetic preparation of production of a rubber anti-oxidant 2,2,4-trimethyl-1,2-dihydro-quinoline polymer ((C₁₂H₁₅N)_n, n = 2-4 RD). The process uses one step and solvent-free preparation of RD, without using hydrochloric acid as a catalyst. A solid resin is used as a catalyst and recycling method followed. Use of the process increases the effective concentration of RD (the content of dimer, trimer and tetramer of RD) from 46 to 75%. No waste water is produced and environmental pollution has been controlled.

5 illus, 5 tables, 11 ref

022162   Pandey V S (Polymer Science Research Laboratory, Chemistry Dep, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211 002, Email: visp1983@gmail.com) : Optimization of reaction conditions for chitosan-g-methacrylic acid graft copolymers. J Indian Chem Soc 2013, 90(2), 253-60.

Present paper deals with the synthesis of chitosan-g-methacrylic acid by free radical polymerization using potassium peroxymonosulphate/cyclohexanone as a redox pair in an inert atmosphere. The reaction conditions have been optimized by varying the reaction variables, including the concentration of methacrylic acid from (12 x 10^-2 to 36 x 10^-2)

4 illus, 5 tables, 19 ref

022161   Geethadevi R;Maheshwari V (NO, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Email: geets_fashion@yahoo.co.in) : Functionalization of the selected regenerated cellulosic fabrics with herbal oil and evaluate the functional properties. Int J pharm Sci Res 2013, 4(12), 4555-8.

In this study, an attempt has been made to aproach of developing antibacterial finish using aromatic herbal oils. The five different herbal oils like Palmarosa, Petitgrain, Tea tree, Thyme, Lavender oil were screened with disc diffusion method against bacteria that normally exist like Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli. The result showed good efficiency in Thyme oil when compared to other oils. amboo and Tencel fabrics are treated with thyme oil. The thyme oil finished fabric was assessed with anti- bacterial test (AATCC 147), anti-odar test (Organoleptic test). The results indicates thyme oil treated fabric showed excellent antibacterial activity in both Bamboo at Tencel fabric compared to untreated sample. For antiodor test Bamboo fabric shows good result.

3 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

021103   Zohoori S;Yazdanshenas M E;Davodiroknabadi (Textile Dep, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad Univ, Yazd, Iran, Email: s_textile@yahoo.com) : Production of polyamide 6 filled with nano TiO₂: effect of temperature, strength nd dyeing. Asian J Chem 2012, 24(4), 1541-6.

The advent of nanotechnology has invigorated textile industry. This paper reports the results of an investigation aiming at finding what affect the nano TiO₂ powder during extruding polyamide 6. Polyamide 6 with 0.03% TiO₂ was blended with various amounts of industrial and Degussa P-25 nano TiO₂ (0.03, 0.33, 0.5 and 0.7%) and extruded in order to obtain polyamide 6 fibers containing industrial amd nano TiO₂. The crystalline size and phase of the powder have been characterized by X-ray diffraction. Energy dispersive X-ray microanalysis (EDX) showed the existence percent of nano TiO₂ on surface of yarns and the scanning electron microscopy showed the nano particles pervade on the samples. Strength test of samples had good results in compare with the samples that had industrial TiO₂ with the same per cent. The results show that from low TiO₂ concentrations, the strength of nano filled fibers increase till about 0.65% TiO₂ and

14 illus, 3 tables, 28 ref