023991   Pelin G;Cristina-Elisabeta P;Stefan A;Dinca I;Ficai A;Andronescu E;Trusca R (National Institute for Aerospace Research and Development 'Elie Carafo, , 220 Iuliu Manju Blvd, 061126 Bucharest, Romania, Email: stefan.adriana@incas.ro) : Influence of nanometric silicon carbide on phenolic resin composites properties. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 769-75.

This paper presents a preliminary study on obtaining and characterization of phenolic resin-based composites modified with nanometric silicon carbide. The nanocomposites were prepared by incorporating nanometric silicon carbide (nSiC) into phenolic resin at 0.5, 1 and 2 wt % contents using ultrasonication to ensure uniform dispersion of the nanopowder, followed by heat curing of the phenolic-based materials at controlled temperature profile up to 120°C. The obtained nanocomposites were characterized by FTIR spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy analysis and evaluated in terms of mechanical, tribological and thermal stability under load. The results highlight the positive effect of the nanometric silicon carbide addition in phenolic resin on mechanical, thermo-mechanical and tribological performance, improving their strength, stiffness and abrasive properties. The best results were obtained for 1 wt % nSiC, proving that this value is the optimum nanometric silicon carbide content. The results indicate that these materials could be effectively used to obtain ablative or carbon-carbon composites in future studies.

6 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref

023990   Pazhanivel K;Bhaskar G B;Elayaperumal A; Anandan P;Arunachalam S (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Thiruvalluvar College of Engineering and Technology, Vandavasi-604 505) : Influence of SMA reinforcement on the impact resistance of GFRP composite laminates under different temperatures. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 889-99.

Plain glass fibre-reinforced polymeric (GFRP) laminates and GFRP reinforced with randomly oriented short strips of shape memory alloy (SMA) were prepared by hand lay-up method. The SMA strip reinforcement was placed at 0.75 xx thickness of the laminate with weight fractions of 2, 4 and 6%. The specimens were exposed to drop weight impact test and the experiments were conducted at a constant impact velocity of 2.80 m s^-1 with different test temperatures such as 303, 333 and 363 K. The impact damage area was evaluated using lighting technique and fracture response was analysed using scanning electron microscopic (SEM) images. Absorption of impact energyand damage area due to low velocity impact were calculated. It was observed that with the higher temperature, the SMA/GFRP laminates exhibit marginally-enhanced damage resistance compared to the plain GFRP laminates. Also, addition of SMA reinforcement was not contributing much to the impact resistance at higher temperature.

11 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

023989   Patil P;Gaikwad G;Patil D R;Naik J (Chemical Engineering Dep, Univ Institute of Chemical Technology, North Maharashtra Univ, Jalgaon-425 001, Email: jitunaik@gmail.com) : Synthesis of 1-D ZnO nanorods and polypyrrole/1-D ZnO nanocomposites for photocatalysis and gas sensor applications. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 655-65.

1-D ZnO nanorods and PPy/1-D ZnO nanocomposites were prepared by the surfactant-assisted precipitation and in situ polymerization method, respectively. The synthesized nanorods and nanocomposites were characterized by UV-Vis spectrophotometer, Fourier transform-infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), which gave the evidence of 1-D ZnO nanorods, polymerization of pyrrole monomer and strong interaction between PPy and 1-D ZnO nanorods, respectively. Photocatalytic activity of 1-D ZnO nanorods was conducted by 3³ level full-factorial design to evaluate the effect of three independent process variables viz., dye concentration (crystal violet), catalyst concentration (1-D ZnO nanorods) and the reaction time on the preferred response: photodegradation efficiency (%). The PPy/1-D ZnO nanocompositeswere used for the sensing of NH33, LPG, CO₂ and H₂S gases, respectively, at room temperature. It was observed that PPy/1-D ZnO nanocomposites with different 1-D ZnO nanorod weight ratios (15 and 25%) had better selectivity and sensitivity towards NH3 at room temperature.

11 illus, 7 tables, 56 ref

023988   Park S;Kim Y;Lee S (Architectural Engineering Dep, Mokwon Univ, Daejeon 302-729, Republic of Korea, Email: sslee111@hanbat.ac.kr) : Foaming properties of lightweight matrix based with non-reaction Si blast furnace slag. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4216-18.

In this study, we examined whether the paper-ash could be used as a foaming agent for blast furnace slag-based foamed concrete. We attempted to examine the amount of hydrogen produced from paper-ash based on the mechanism of hydrogen generation caused by non-reacted Si and validated experimentally. The results of the experiment showed that the hydrogen generation caused by non-reacted Si of paper-ash was the highest at about 57% of NaOH based on 100% paper-ash consumption. In addition, it was found that 10.8% of NaOH consumption was required when the paper-ash consumption amounted to 5% of binder.

3 illus, 5 tables, 3 ref

023987   Park K;Kim G;Lee Y (School of Mechanical Engineering, Hoseo Univ, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-795, Republic of Korea, Email: kpark@hoseo.edu) : Optimal design of urea-SCR system for reduction of NOx in diesel passenger cars. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4297-302.

Much attention has been paid to reduce NOx in diesel engines so that many technologies for diminution of NOx have been developed for last few decades. Among them, the urea-SCR is well known to one of the most efficient method of reducing NOx emissions in the after-treatment devices of diesel passenger cars and light duty vehicles. In the present work, the computational prediction of internal flow and spray characteristics in the urea-SCR system was carried out by using computational field dynamics (CFD) simulation to evaluate NH₃ uniformity index (NH₃ UI) and its activation time. The number of nozzle and its diameter, injection directions and mounting positions are most important design factors and they are chosen as the design variables. The optimal solutions are obtained by coupling the CFD analysis with Taguchi method. The L₁₆ orthogonal array and small-the-better characteristics of the Taguchi method are used and the optimal values are confirmed to be valid in 95% confidence and 5% significance level through analysis of variance (ANOVA). The results show that the optimal values of the NH₃ UI and activation time (NH₃ UI 0.92) are obtained by 0.96 and 0.063 second, respectively and their values are improved by 4.4 and 37.2%, respectively, compared with those of the base model.

8 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

023986   Park K;Hong C H;Kim B S;Kim H (School of Mechanical Engineering, Hoseo Univ, Asan-si, Chungnam 336-795, Republic of Korea, Email: kpark@hoseo.edu) : Numerical analysis of droplet formation and effect of ink properties in shear-type piezoelectric inkjet printhead. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4291-6.

In digital textile printing (DTP) system, the selection of inkjet printhead is one of the core technologies. The printing quality such as the volume and velocity of droplets as well as the formation of satellite droplets is known to be closely related to the injection behaviours of the ink droplet. In the present work, we investigate the droplet behaviour of micro-inkjet for shear-mode piezoelectric (PZT) actuators numerically. The transient three-dimensional conservation equations of mass and momentum are solved by the computational fluid dynamics. The continuous surface force model is used in order to predict the effect of surface tension force in the free surface flow. The volume-of-fluid method with the piecewise linear interface construction scheme is employed both for tracking the interfacial movement and reconstructing the interface between liquid and gas (i.e., ink and air). This study predict the droplet formation characteristics for the given properties of ink and geometry of printhead and the effects of thermal properties of ink and nozzle shape on the droplet quality are also investigated.

5 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

023985   Niraj P S;Balaji R;Vethamony P (Civil Engineering Dep, IIT Bombay, Mumbai, Email: rbalaji@iitb.ac.in) : Pre-monsoon hydrodynamic modeling of Goa coast, West coast of India. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2015, 21(3), 276-86.

Attempt has been made to characterize the hydrodynamic regime around the coastal waters of Goa for a pre-monsoon season, using MOHID, a two-dimensional finite volume model. The numerical model was forced with tides at open boundaries and calibrated using measured water levels and currents, during pre-monsoon season. The modeled water levels and currents were compared with field observations and found to be satisfactory, with correlation of 0.97 for water levels, 0.79 for zonal currents, and 0.84 for meridional currents. The ratio of diurnal (O1, K1) and semidiurnal (M2, S2) constituents was 0.63, suggesting that tides in this region are mixed, mainly semidiurnal in nature. The variation in amplitude of tidal constituents from the open boundary to the mouth and upstream of the Mandovi and Zuari estuaries has been modeled and compared with previous field studies and found to be satisfactory. The details of numerical scheme, methodology, and results are discussed in this paper.

12 illus, 1 table, 36 ref

023984   Niasar A H;Far S J;Faraji A R (NO, , ) : Sensorless direct power control of brushless DC motor drive using unknown input speed observer. J Control Instrumn 2015, 6(3), 31-41.

This paper proposes the speed control of brushless DC (BLDC) motor via direct power control (DPC) method as a novel and effective strategy in electrical drives applications. The DPC has some advantages rather than other control methods of BLDC motor including simpler control algorithm and faster dynamic response. In proposed BLDC motor drive based on DPC strategy, space vector modulation (SVM) voltage source inverter is employed. To enhance the drive reliability, a position sensorless strategy has been used for rotor position detection and current commutation. In developed sensorless strategy, an observer has been designed to predict the phase back-emf voltages using line voltages and currents. So, there is no need to position sensors and the cost is reduced. The performance of proposed sensorless DPC method has been verified via some simulations in Matlab under different speed and torque references.

023983   Nejad I G;Haddad O B;Aboutalebi M (Faculty of Agricultural Engineering & Technology, Irrigation & Reclama, Tehran Univ, Karaj, Iran, Email: obhaddad@ut.ac.ir) : Discussion of "investigating parameters of two-point hedging policy for operating a storage reservoir" by Sharad K. Jain (2014). ISH J Hydraul Engng 2015, 21(3), 312-14.

1 illus, 28 ref

023982   Naswir M;Arita S;Marsi;Salni (Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Jambi Univ, Jambi, Indonesia, Email: m.naswir@yahoo.com) : Treatment of peat water using local raw material formulations of Jambi, Indonesia. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 3951-5.

The parameters such as colour, pH, iron, TDS and organic matter are the indicater of water quality and these can be improved using specific treatment. In present study, clean chemically bentone (CCBN) a local raw material was used to process peat water. The ISO and ASTM, UV-visible and AAS standard methods were used to measure the respective parameters. Bentonite, active carbon, seashells and clean chemically bentone were characterized by X-ray diffraction and SEM-EDS. By supporting bentonite on material clean chemically bentone was prepared, total 61 combination was prepared and four best formulations were CCBNBT56'5'1, CCBNBB56'5'1, CCBNBCs5651 and CCBNBP5651 used for peat water treatment. These best formulations showed good ability to improve the peat water quality and dose of 1 g/500 mL increased the pH up to 7. As a result of treatment, the peat colour reduced up to 93.99%, whereas 86.69% organic matter and 89.47%. Fe concents were reduced using CCBN56'5'1 formulation. The composition of formulation was kaolinite mineral [Al₂Si₂O₅(OH)₂], quarsa (SiO₂), montmorillonite (OH)₄Si₈Al₄O₂₀.nH₂O, cristobalite (SiO₂), portlandite [Ca(OH)₂], calcit (CaCO₃) and muscovite (KNaAl₂(SiAl)₄O₁₀(OH)₂, with an average specific gravity (density 2.5245 g cm^-3 and μ/dx mix 52.8 cm² g^-1). From results, it can be concluded that the material prepared from bentonite can be used for the removal of colour, organic matter and Fe contents of peat water.

4 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

023981   Nam J;Kim G;Kim H;Jeon J;Shinohara Y (Structure Engineering Research Center, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Japan) : Damage evaluation of aramid fiber reinforced cement composites by high velocity impact. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4266-70.

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the impact resistance of aramid fiber reinforced cement composite through the impact test of high velocity projectile. The mechanical performance of aramid fiber reinforced cement composite depended on length, oiling agent of surface and volume ratio of fiber. This result affected the impact resistance of the aramid fiber reinforced cement composite. We identified that volume ratio of 1.5% and oiling agent ratio of 1.2% are suitable with regard to the fiber dispersion, the mechanical performance and the impact resistance of the aramid fiber reinforced cement composite. This means that matrix of the cement composite and interfacial properties of fiber vary depending on the oiling agent of surface and volume ratio of aramid fiber. Thereby the mechanical performance and impact resistance of cement composite can be improved.

9 illus, 3 tables, 8 ref

023980   Myers M H;Threatt M;Solies K M;McFerrin B M; Hopf L B;Birdwell J D;Sillay K A (Anatomy and Neurobiology Dep, Tennessee Health Science Center Univ, Memphis, TN 38103 (USA), Email: mhmyers@memphis.edu) : Ambulatory seizure monitoring: from concept to prototype device. Ann Neurosci 2016, 23(2), 100-11.

The scope of this project is to develop an ambulatory seizure monitoring system that can be used away from a hospital, making it possible for the user to stay at home, and primary care personnel to monitor a patient's seizure activity in order to provide deeper analysis of the patient's condition and apply personalized intervention techniques. The ambulatory seizure monitoring device is a research device that has been developed with the objective of acquiring a portable, clean electroencephalography (EEG) signal and transmitting it wirelessly to a handheld device for processing and notification. This device is comprised of 4 phases: acquisition, transmission, processing and notification. During the acquisition stage, the EEG signal is detected using EEG electrodes; these signals are filtered and amplified before being transmitted in the second stage. The processing stage encompasses the signal processing and seizure prediction. A notification is sent to the patient and designated contacts, given an impending seizure. Each of these phases is comprised of various design components, hardware and software. The experimental findings illustrate that there may be a triggering mechanism through the phase lock value method that enables seizure prediction. The device addresses the need for long-term monitoring of the patient's seizure condition in order to provide the clinician a better understanding of the seizure's duration and frequency and ultimately provide the best remedy for the patient.

8 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

023979   Moghaddam M R R;Khazaei A A;Bahrepour D (Electrical Engineering Dep, Khorasan Razavi Science and Research Bran, Islamic Azad Univ, Neyshabur, Iran, Email: Rasaei_moghaddam@yahoo.com) : Designing an improved asynchronous memory based on QCA. Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 44-9.

Quantum dot Cellular Automata, shortened to QCA, is a new technology that can make integrated circuits at the nanoscale, high speed, with the ability to compress and reduce power consumption. In conventional technologies such as CMOS, reducing the size and dimensions of the circuit result in reduced efficiency. But in this novel nanotechnology by means of some specific techniques such as multi-layer design, and by minimizing the number of gates per unit area, this problem can to a great extent be improved. In this research which is based on the design of Sequential logic circuits, first a set-reset latch is implemented, then an improved latch is, through employing the above procedures, designed. The simulation process provides evidence of a higher speed circuit and reduction in the area occupied.

16 illus, 10 ref

023978   Mobasheri M R;Amraei E;Zendehbad S A (Remote Sensing Engineering Dep, KNToosi Univ of Technology, Iran) : Implementation and performance comparison of wavelet-based filters with the frequency domain and spatial domain filters in destriping of satellite images (case study: images acquired by the landsat 4 multi spectral scanner). Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 7-16.

Nowadays satellite images are widely used to monitor local phenomenon and conduct environmental studies. Unfortunately the existence of some problems in electronic system of the sensors reduces the data quality and appearance of noise in the images. The most common type of noise in these images is the striping noise created as a result of some problems such as the detectors mismatch, improper calibration of the sensor and its fatigue during the lifetime of the satellite. One of the methods to striping noise removal is image filtering. In this paper, we compare the performance of the wavelet based filters, the frequency domain and spatial domain filters in striping noise removal. For this purpose, the images acquired by Landsat 4 Multi Spectral Scanner as well as the simulated images for striping noise are used. Finally, to evaluate the results some statistical parameters such as mean, standard deviation, relative error, RMSE, MSE and PSNR are used that indicate the priority of wavelet-based methods over other methods.

11 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

023977   Mirzaei S M R H;Gordan H;Dehghani N (Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Khavaran Higher Education Institute, Mashhad, Iran, Email: Mohamad.hajimirzaie@gmail.com) : Design of the wireless devices to record body positiom for sleep apena. Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 29-33.

The aim of this paper is to design a device to record the conditions of the body in sleep apnea patients. For the diagnosis of sleep apnea usually the patient comes to a sleep lab and a sleep technician should always be in attendance and is responsible for attaching the electrodes to the patient and monitoring the patient during the study. The PSGs were analyzed for data on the respiratory disturbance index (RDI), time spent in each body position, number of apneic events in each position, oxygen saturation, and time spent in each stage of sleep. In this paper, we can measure the body movements and position with sensor attached to the body with sticky tape. This device is wireless and effective at limiting healthy subjects from sleeping in a supine position. Final results will be shown on the monitor and polysomnogram.

11 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

023976   Mazumder S K (Civil Engineering Dep, Delhi College of Engineering (now Delhi Technological Univ, Delhi), New Delhi, Email: somendrak64@gmail.com) : Discussion of "multivarible regression models for prediction of discharge and approach velocity coefficients in flow measurement flumes with compound cross-section" by Issam Al-Khatib and Khaled A. abaza (2015). ISH J Hydraul Engng 2015, 21(3), 287-9.

1 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

023975   Maktabdar O;Shamsinezhad M;Eliasi H (MSC Student, Birjand Univ, Birjand, Iran, Email: omid.maktabdar@birjand.ac.ir ) : Effect of reaction plate on performance of single-side linear induction motor in different speeds and freqyencies with finite element method. Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 34-8.

Single-sided linear induction motor (SLIM) has many advantages, such as simple structure, easy maintenance, less environmental pollution and direct drive without the translation of mechanisms etc. This paper deals with the analysis of linear induction motor behavior which includes flux distribution, surface current density & magnetic vector potential etc. Using finite element method, we evaluate the electromagnetic behavior of the SLIM by material of reaction plate changing to get the comparative performance analysis with different materials used. The simulation work has been carried out using Ansys's Maxwell v.15 software Package.

13 illus, 3 tables, 10 ref

023974   Mahesh C;Govindarajulu K;Balakrishna Murthy V (Mechanical Engineering Dep, V.R. Siddhartha Engineering College, Vijayawada-520 007, Email: mahesh.chindanuru@vrsiddhartha.ac.in) : Analysis of fibre waviness effect through homogenization approach for the prediction of effective thermal conductivities of FRP composite using finite element method. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 847-55.

In this study, homogenization approach is proposed to analyse the fibre waviness in predicting the effective thermal conductivities of composite. Composites that have wavy fibre were analysed by finite element method toestablish equivalence between micro- and macro-mechanics principles, thereby, it is possible to minimize the computational efforts required to solve the problem through only micro-mechanics approach. In the present work, the influence of crest offset, wavy-span on the thermal conductivities of composite for different volume fractions and thermal conductivity mismatch ratios were also studied. It is observed that the homogenization results are in good agreement with minimal % error from those obtained through pure micro-mechanics approach at the cost of low computational facilities and less processing time for converged solutions.

12 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

023973   Londhe S;Dixit P;Shah S;Narkhede S (Civil Engineering, Vishwakarma Institute of Information Technology, Pune, Email: shreenivas.loondhe@viit.ac.in) : Infilling of missing daily rainfall records using artificial neural network. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2015, 21(3), 255-64.

Precipitation is a major factor controlling the hydrology of a region. It has been experienced that the precipitation data are sometimes lost by virtue of instrument malfunctioning, human error(s), climatic conditions which becomes an impediment in the hydrologic and hydraulic designs where rainfall series is a major input. Such missing values could be retrieved using estimated value by employing a large number of conventional hard computing techniques such as normal ratio method, inverse distance value method to name a few. The present work deals with estimation of missing daily rainfall values at 11 rain gauge stations in Pune District of India using soft computing technique of artificial neural networks and by coefficient of correlation weighing method. According to the correlations of averages of all stations, different groups comprising of 3-4 stations each were formed. Models were developed for each group to estimate daily rainfall values at any one station as output while data of other stations in that network were used as an input. This was repeated for all the stations one by one. All the models exhibit reasonable performances as evident from high values of correlation coefficient and low values of error measures.

7 illus, 6 tables, 13

023972   Lim J;Lee S (Architectural Engineering Dep, Hanbat National Univ, Daejeon, 305-719, Republic of Korea, Email: sslee111@hanbat.ac.kr) : Dynamic properties of non-cement matrix based on blast furnace slag and polysilicon sludge ratio and addition rate of alkali activator. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4204-6.

With the advancement of photovoltaic industry, 2 tons of sludge are generated from the production of 1 ton polysilicon, which is the main raw material of the solar module used for solar power generation. The polysilicon sludge that is generated in this way is disposed of as waste in whole quantity because there is no recycling method. Therefore, this study is intended to analyze the dynamic properties of non-cement matrix using NaOH, the alkali activator and blast furnace slag and polysilicon sludge which are the industrial byproducts without using any cement. The results of the experiment showed that optimum addition rate of NaOH was 7% and optimum substitution rate of polysilicon sludge was 15%.

4 illus, 2 tables, 2 ref

023971   Li L;Sun H;Fang Y;Zheng J (College of Xing Zhi, Zhejiang Normal Univ, Jinhua 321004, China, Email: shj@zjnu.cn) : Co-based soft magnetic bulk glassy alloys optimized for glass-forming ability and plasticity. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 691-5.

Co-based bulk glassy alloys (BGAs) have become more and more important because of their nearly zero magnetostriction and high giant magneto-impedance effect. Here, we report the improvement of glass-formingability (GFA), soft-magnetic properties and plasticity by a small addition of Mo atoms in CoFeBSiNbMo BGAs.(Co_0.6Fe_0.4)₆₉B_20.820.8Si_5.2Nb_{5- x}Mo_x ferromagnetic BGA cylindrical glassy rods were fabricated successfully with adiameter of 5 mm by conventional copper mould casting method. It reveals that the substitution of a small amount of Mo for Nb makes the composition to approach a eutectic point and effectively enhances the GFA of alloy. Inaddition to high GFA and superhigh strength, the compressive test shows that the Mo addition can improve the plasticity for the obtained BGAs. The combination of high GFA, excellent soft-magnetic properties and good plasticitydemonstrated in our alloys is promising for the future applications as functional materials.

6 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

023970   Li G;Li Y;Yang H (School of Electronic and Engineering, XDi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, Xi'an, 710121, China, Email: lghcd@163.com) : Noise reduction of ship-radiated noise based on noise-assisted bivariate empirical mode decomposition. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(4), 469-76.

Underwater acoustic signal has the non-linear and non-stationary characteristics. Aiming at the issue on noise reduction of underwater acoustic signal, an adaptive noise reduction method of ship-radiated noise based on noise- assisted bivariate empirical mode decomposition is proposed. Firstly, a two-dimensional complex data is built by using one-dimensional real signal and adding Gaussian white noise as the real and imaginary parts, respectively. Secondly, each order intrinsic mode function is obtained by noise-assisted bivariate empirical mode decomposition. Thirdly, the noise components and the signal components can be adaptively determined by estimating the noise level of each order intrinsic mode function. Lastly, the noise reduction is done by reconstruction of the signal components. The proposed method is used in not only noisy Lorenz signal, but also real ship-radiated noise. Simulation and experiment results show that i) the time-frequency distribution of the original signal can be got accurately by the noise-assisted bivariate empirical mode decomposition, and ii) by the proposed noise reduction method, the clear chaotic attractor can be recovered from noisy signal. So the proposed method is an effective method of noise reduction for underwater acoustic signal.

4 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

023969   Lee S T;Lee D H;Lee S M;Han S S;Lee S H;Lim S K (Materials Chemistry and Engineering Dep, Konkuk Univ, 120 Neungdong-ro, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 143-701, South Korea, Email: sklim@konkuk.ac.kr) : Effects of calcium impurity on phase relationship, ionic conductivity and microstructure of Na<. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 729-35.

Ca-doped Na⁺-β/beta"β/beta"-alumina was synthesized using a solid-state reaction. The changes in the properties of Na⁺-β/beta"β/beta"-alumina resulting from the presence of Ca impurity were studied. Ca (0-5 wt %) was added to the respective samples, which were then sintered. The specimens were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanningelectron microscopy, densimetry and impedance analysis. In the sintered specimens, the β"β"-alumina phase fraction decreased as Ca content increased, whereas the relative sintered density increased. The surface morphology of Cadoped Na⁺-β/beta"β/beta"-alumina specimens showed a Ca-rich layer, which was the main cause of increase in the specific resistance.

11 illus, 23 ref

023968   Lee J;Lee S (Architectural Engineering Dep, Hanbat National Univ, Daejeon, 305-719, Republic of Korea, Email: sslee111@hanbat.ac.kr) : Strength characteristics based on curing method and time of inorganic binder matrix of ternary system. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4207-9.

This study investigated into cement substitutes using the industrial by-products and applied the blast furnace slag, red mud and silica fume and alkaline activator. In addition, experiments have been carried out by varying the curing method and curing times for preventing crack in matrix using industrial by-products. The results showed that no crack occurred in the matrix cured in water and that such matrix was found to have better strength than the air-dried matrix. Based on that, the experiment was performed to achieve economic efficiency through variation of curing time for water curing temperature. The results suggested that adequate strength was achieved when the water curing time was longer than 6 h at 80 °C.

9 illus, 2 tables, 3 ref

023967   Kwon H M;Choi Y K;Kwon J T;Kwon Y C;Huh C (Combined Cycle Power Plant Research Center, Inha Univ, Yonghyeon-dong, Incheon-si 402-751, Republic of Korea, Email: jtkwon@hoseo.edu) : Effect of corrosion on heat transfer characteristics of double-tube heat exchangers. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4303-10.

This paper presents the effects of corrosion on the performance of double-tube heat exchangers using deep ocean water. Aluminum with/without coatings were possible alternative material tubes for replacing the high-price titanium tubes from the previous reported experiments. In this study, the titanium, aluminum, aluminum with electro-deposition coatings (10, 15, 20 μm) were tested under the condition of pure and corroded tubes. The temperature of sea water 70 °C and the concentration of salt 3.5% were manufactured by corrosion manufacturing unit. The corrosion periods were 6, 12 and18 weeks, respectively. The comparison of the experimental and analytical results were performed. From these analysis, we could confirm the possibility of aluminum with electro-deposition coating 15 μm when the tubes were corroded for 6 and 12 weeks. But, when the corrosion was conducted for 18 weeks, aluminum with 20 μm coating could be considered as alternative for the replacement of titanium.

21 illus, 2 tables, 4 ref

023966   Kim Y B;Cho B S;Kim G Y;Park D C (Energy & Environment Business Div, Korea Conformity Laboratories, Seosan, Republic of Korea) : Evaluation of durability properties by binder composition of combined deterioration concrete such as carbonation and salt damage. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4171-4.

In this study, mixing design was proportioned with the various water-binder ratio 0.55 binder compositions corresponding to type I cement without any supplementary materials (OPC), type II cement with 50% blast-furnace slag replacement (BFS50), type III cement with 15% fly ash replacement (FA15) and ternary cement with type III cement, 15% fly ash and 35% slag replacement (BFS35/FA15). This study is carried out to compare individual deterioration test with combined deterioration test and to investigate the effect of the permeation of deterioration factors such as CO₂ and chloride ion under the combined deterioration environments. After setting up various deterioration factors and levels such as carbonation, salt damage and the repetition of drying-wetting, items such as carbonation, chloride ion penetration were evaluated under the combined deterioration environments. The results showed that carbonation and chloride ion penetration depth were increased according to the combined deterioration environments.

6 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

023965   Kim H;Jung B;Song C;Lee S (Architectural Engineering Dep, Hanbat National Univ, Daejeon 302-72, Republic of Korea, Email: sslee111@hanbat.ac.kr) : Water absorption ratio and flexural strength characteristics of lightweight composite panel surface material based on addition ratio of powdery modified sulfur. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4201-3.

In this study, we compared the water absorption ratio and flexural strength properties based on addition ratio of powdery modified sulfur to decrease the water absorption ratio of lightweight composite panel surface material. The water absorption ratio decreased as the addition ratio of powdery modified sulfur increased, while the density and flexural strength tended to increase.

3 illus, 3 tables, 3 ref

023964   Khansari M H;Yaghoobi M (NO, , ) : Adaptive generalized predictive control of anti braking system. J Control Instrumn 2015, 6(3), 1-12.

Anti lock braking system (ABS) is one of the most important topics in the field of car stability control system design. Among the various control strategies which are common in designing control systems, model predictive control (MPC) received great attention in industries. Independent generalized predictive control (IMGPC) is a new and effective predictive control strategy than can be easily implement on linear system. In this paper a novel adaptive control strategy is introduced to enhance the control performance of IMGPC. The ABS control system is used as test bed to demonstrate the ability of introduced strategy. The proposed control system design contains three IMGPC controller which leads to better adaptation in tracking control commands. The effectiveness of the introduced method is demonstrated via numerical simulation. The numerical simulations confirm that the proposed system can increase the control ability of IMGPC controller in wheel slip controlling.

023963   Khan R A;Sharma M;Singh S (NO, , ) : Comprehensive analysis of the advances in green buildings sector. J Alternate Energy Sour Technol 2015, 6(3), 24-45.

The realization that much of the conventional, modern approaches to building construction are not sustainable over the long term is not new. As a consequence, the concept of green building is gaining importance in the present energy scenario and related environmental issues. This paper seeks to review the developments in the context of green buildings that have occurred in the past decade or so. These developments in turn are poised to serve as benchmarks for the research which is yet to be done and technologies yet to be explored. We restrict our study to four important elements of green buildings namely; sustainability, green materials, environmental impact assessment and emerging technologies. In our endeavour, we seek to review the developments that have taken place in these particular areas and subsequently, how they have contributed to the concept of 'Green Building'.

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023962   Jung C H;Yoon I H;Kim C R;Yang H B;Choi W K; Moon J K (Decontamination and Decommissioning Research Div, Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI), P.O. Box 105, Taejon 305-600, Email: nchjung@kaeri.re.kr) : Stability of foaming agent for foam decontamination. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4254-6.

This study conducted experiments to evaluate the stability of nano foaming agents by adding various types of surfactants, silica nanoparticles and viscosifiers with the aim of enhancing the stability of foaming agents containing nanoparticles. Nonionic surfactants such as EM100 showed higher stability as compared to the sodium dodecyl sulfate anionic surfactant. The cosurfactant addition did not significantly affect the foam stability. When silica nanoparticles were added to the surfactant EM100, the foam stability improved further. In particular, the foam stability of the nano foaming agent was observed to be the maximum when a partially hydrophobic nanoporous silica nanoparticles such as KAERI 1 was added, as compared to the addition of a hydrophilic dry silica such as M5. This is because the partially hydrophobic particles were distributed over the liquid film between the foams, thereby preventing drainage and increasing the stability of the foaming agent fluid.

3 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

023961   Jacob K T;Dixit A;Rajput A (Materials Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: katob@materials.iisc.ernet.in) : Stability field diagrams for Ln-O-Cl systems. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 603-11.

Isothermal stability field diagrams for Ln-O-Cl systems (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb) are developed by taking partial pressures of volatile components oxygen and chlorine as variables. Thermodynamic properties of all the oxides and trichlorides (LnCl₃) are available in the literature. However, data for oxychlorides (LnOCl) and dichlorides (LnCl₂) are limited. Based on systematic trends in stability of these compounds across the lanthanide series, missing data are estimated to construct the diagrams for 13 Ln-O-Cl systems at 1000 K. All the lanthanide elements form stable LnCl₃ and LnOCl. Dichlorides of Nd, Sm, Eu, Dy, Tm and Yb are stable. For systems in which dichlorides are unstable (Ln = La, Ce, Pr, Gd, Tb, Ho, Er), the LnOCl is in equilibrium with the metal (Ln) and the stability field of LnOCl is sandwiched between those of oxides and trichlorides. Stability field diagrams of lanthanide systems forming stable LnCl₂ are of two kinds: in the first kind (Ln = Nd,Dy) the stability fields of Ln and LnOCl are in contact and the stability field of LnOCl separates the fields of chlorides and oxides. In diagrams of the second kind (Ln = Sm, Eu, Tm, Yb) there is a direct equilibrium between the oxides and dichlorides at low partial pressures of oxygen and chlorine. There is no contact between the stability fields of Ln and LnOCl; the stability field of LnOCl intervenes between the oxide and chloride phases only at higher partial pressures.

17 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

023960   Irani M;Khamchinmoghadam K (Civil Engineering Dep, Islamic Azad Univ of Mashhad, Iran, Email: mpjtaba_ir64@yahoo.com) : Estimating areal rainfall by use of Galerkin's metohd (case study; Mashhad plain basin). Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 68-73.

The estimation of areal rainfall (daily, monthly, etc) is the basic need in meteorological projects. In this field, there are various methods, one of them is the finite element method. The present study aimed to estimate areal rainfall with a 16-year period (1997-2013) by using Galerkin's method (finite element) in Mashhad plain basin for 42 stations. Therefore, it was compared with other usual methods such as arithmetic mean, Thiessen, Kriging and IDW. The analysis of Thiessen, Kriging and IDW were in ArcGIS10.0 software and finite element analysis was done by using Matlab7.08 software. Isohyetal method was the base of comparison. The results showed that finite element had higher accuracy than arithmetic mean. There was almost the same precision in comparison with Kriging and IDW methods, while Thiessen had slight errors.

7 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

023959   Hou G;Ni Y;Wan Y;Cui E;Zhang Q;Zhu H;Chen H; Chen M (Key Laboratory for Advanced Technology in Environmental Protection of, Yancheng Institute of Technology, Yancheng 224051, P.R. China, Email: houguihua@ycit.cn) : Study on straw micron pores encapsulating paraffin and performance of its shape-stabilized phase change materials. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4282-4.

Paraffin was first encapsulated in straw by impregnation method and then the shape-stabilized straw-paraffin phase change material (SPCM) was prepared by molded method with pure acrylic emulsion as binder. The influence of impregnation temperature on the loading ratio as well as the leakage ratio of straw-paraffin phase change material under thermal cycling was investigated. The micron structure and thermal properties of straw-paraffin phase change material were analyzed by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and differential scanning calorimeter (DSC), respectively and then influence of straw micron pores on encapsulating effectiveness were discussed. The results indicated that the loading ratios of paraffin in wheat straw at 60 and 120 °C were 319.8% and 443.6%, respectively. The leakage ratio of paraffin in straw-paraffin phase change material was 0.83% at 30 phase change cycles. It was pointed that the additional pressure from capillarity on liquid in micron pores of straw can inhibit the leaking of liquid, suggesting that the micron materials were good encapsulating materials for phase change materials.

4 illus, 10 ref

023958   Hazari M R;Johan E;Mannan M A;Tamura J (NO, , ) : Design and similation of artificial neural network (Ann) based speed control for an induction motor taking core loss and stray load losses into account. J Control Instrumn 2015, 6(3), 13-22.

Indirect field oriented control (FOC) scheme has been preferred due to its superior performance for induction motor (IM). Core loss (CL) and stray load losses (SLLs) are generally neglected in the mathematical model of IM. But it should be considered in themathematical model of IM to precisely control the torque and flux. Conventional PI controller has overshooting effect at the transient period of the speed response curve.Artificial neural network (ANN) is suitable as a controller for nonlinear systems such as IM.In this paper, an ANN-based speed controller is proposed to control the speed of IM.Simulations analyses have been performed using MATLAB/SIMULINK. The results showed better performance from the proposed controller to control the speed of IM at the transientand steady-state condition without any overshooting effect as compared to the PI controller. Cite this ArticleHazari MR, Jahan E, Mannan MA, et al.Design and Simulation of ArtificialNeural Network-Based Speed Controlfor an Induction Motor Taking intoAccount Core Loss and Stray LoadLosses. Journal of Control &Instrumentation. 2015; 5(3): 13-22p.

023957   Hassaninejad-Darzi S K;Rahimnejad M;Mokhtari S E (Research Laboratory of Analytical & Organic Chemistry, Chemistry Dep, Faculty of Science, Babol Univ of Technology, Babol 47148-71167, Iran) : Ni(II) decorated nano silicoaluminophosphate molecular sieves-modified carbon paste electrode as an electrocatalyst for electrooxidation of methanol. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 901-12.

In the work, it is to report a method for the synthesis of nanosized silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO) molecular sieves that are important members of zeolites family. The synthesized SAPO was characterized using X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) as well as infrared (IR) techniques. Then, the modified carbon paste electrode was prepared by nano SAPO molecular sieves and nickel (II) ion incorporated at this electrode. The electrochemical behaviour of the modified electrode (Ni-SAPO/CPE) towards the oxidation of methanol was investigated by cyclic voltammetry and hronoamperometry methods. It has been found that the oxidation current is extremely increased by using Ni-SAPO/CPE compared to the unmodified Ni-CPE, it seems that Ni²⁺ inclusion into nano SAPO channels provides the active sites for catalysis of methanol oxidation. The effect of some parameters such as scan rate of potential, concentration of methanol, amount of SAPO was investigated on the oxidation of methanol at the surface of modified electrode. The values of electron transfer coefficient, charge-transfer rate constant and electrode surface coverage for the Ni(II)/Ni(III) couple in the surface of Ni-SAPO/CPE were found to be 0.555, 0.022 s^-1 and 5.995 x 10^-6 mol cm^-2, respectively. Also, the diffusion coefficient and the mean value of catalytic rate constant for methanol and redox sites of modified electrode were obtained to be 1.16x10^-51.16x10^-5 cm² s^-1 and 4.62x10⁴x10⁴ cm³ mol^-1, respectively. The good catalytic activity, high sensitivity, good selectivity and stability and easy in preparation rendered the Ni-SAPO/CPE to be a capable electrode for electrocatalytic oxidation of methanol.

12 illus, 3 tables, 69 ref

023956   Gupta S (Applied Sciences and Humanities Dep, IMS Engineering College, Ghaziabad-211 010) : Physico chemical study of ground water of different tehsil of Tonk, district of Rajasthan, India. J nat Resour Dev 2015, 10(2), 63-66.

This paper show the physico chemical study of ground water of different Tehsil of Tonk district. Four different ground water samples from Deoli Bazar(DB) of Deoli, Newai Bazar(NB) of Newai, Malpura Railway-crossing ( MRC) of Malpura and Todraising Railway-crossing(TRC) of Todraisingh have taken during Jan 2014-June 2014 and analysed. The values obtained were compared with standards prescribed by WHO & ISI1050091. In the present study three water samples were within the limit. One water sample showed T.D.S., TH, Cl, TA, F and low DO values indicating poor water quality, The significance of the results is further discussed.

2 tables, 12 ref

023955   Gopalakrishnan K M;Murugesan D R (Civil Engineering Dep, Erode Sengunthar Engineering College, Erode-638 057, Email: gkrishnan004@gmail.com) : Flexural behavior of RC Beam, Strength and Durability studies of Concrete made with Recycled Concrete Aggregate, M Sand and Different Mineral Admixtures. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(4), 556-565.

Continuous increasing demand of raw materials in concrete production requires good quality and cost proficient alternate materials like recycled concrete aggregate (RCA - 30%) and Manufactured sand (50%) replacement to natural coarse and fine aggregate. Mineral admixtures Fly Ash (FA), Silica Fume (SF) and Meta kaolin (MK) are also partially replacing to Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) to appraise the effect on M3O grade concrete with water cement ratio of 0.40. Replacement of these raw materials is an added advantage not only to reduce emission of carbon dioxide and also to protect the depleting natural resources. Introduction of new materials in the construction industry lead to attain good quality aggregates at reasonable prize and provide economical benefits. The compressive, flexural strength and chloride penetrability of the control and the concretes incorporated with FA, SF & MK with water-binder (w/b) ratio of 0.4 shows SF concrete has superior strength development and high resistance to chloride attack. Compressive strength on concrete cubes and flexural strength on prism shows positive approach to the construction field. Flexural strength on reinforced concrete beam with different replacements of SF shows significant result in terms of shear compared to control specimen. Replacements of recycled materials in terms of fine and coarse aggregate, mineral admixtures in cement experiences the better result compared to the design mix which intern assist to use these kinds of materials in normal usage which helps to conserve the natural resources.

14 illus, 4 tables, 16 ref

023954   Goli P (Electronic Engineering Dep, , Khavaran Univ, Iran, Email: p.goli@pofs.khi.ac.ir) : Iranian car license plate detection using color image processing. Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 25-8.

In this paper a new method for license plate detection for Iranian car plate based on color image processing is presented. In this approach, blue region in image of car plate are identified and then the location of plate is detected in image of car. The format of color image is converted to HLS format to apply the image processing. To identify blue region of car plate a Feed-Forward Neural Network (FFNN) has been used. After the identifying the blue region, to detect the plate location in car image the length to width ratio of plate is applied. Since proposed method is based on color image processing instead of the plate boundaries to determine the location of plate, is very vulnerable against the deformation of edge plate and flexible against the similar part of car, such as radiator region. Our proposed algorithm was implemented based on RGB and HLS color format and the results show significant correct location detection score in HLS format.

5 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

023953   Gautam C R (Materials Science and Nano Engineering Dep, Rice Univ, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, Texas 77005, USA, Email: gautam_ceramic@yahoo.com) : Synthesis and optical properties of SiO₂-Al₂O₃O₃-MgO-K₂CO₃ -CaO-MgF₂-La₃O₃ glasses. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 677-82.

A series of five glass compositions were prepared by using the conventional melt quenching technique in the system SiO₂-Al₂O₃-MgO-K₂CO₃-CaO-MgF₂-La2O₃ with different contents of SiO₂, MgO, K₂CO₃, MgF₂ and La₂₃. The effects on the optical and physical properties of these glasses due to the addition of La₂O₃ as well as variation of the various oxides have been investigated. X-ray diffraction analysis is used to confirm the amorphous nature of the prepared glasses. Structures of glasses were studied by using UV-Vis and Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy. The drilling test was also performed on their glass ceramic samples to confirm the machinability.

5 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

023952   Dillip G R;Reddy C M;Rajesh M;Chaurasia S; Raju B D P;Joo S W (School of Mechanical Engineering, Yeungnam Univ, Gyeongsan 712 749, South Korea, Email: drdevaprasadraju@gmail.com) : Green fluorescence of terbium ions in lithium fluoroborate glasses for fibre lasers and display devices. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 711-17.

In this paper, for the first time, the visible fluorescence properties, resonance energy transfer mechanism responsible for non-radiative decay rates of ⁵D₄ → ⁷F₅ transition and also quenching of fluorescence intensity of the ⁵D₃ → ⁷F₅ transition of various concentrations of Tb³⁺ ions in LBZLFB glasses are reported. Optical absorption, fluorescence spectra and quantum efficiencies are measured and analysed. Green fluorescence related to ⁵D₄ → ⁷F₅ (548 nm) transition is registered under excitation of 378 nm of Tb³⁺ ions. Based on excitation and fluorescence measurements, several spectroscopic parameters for Tb³⁺ ions are examined as a function of concentration by Judd-Ofelt theory to judge the suitability of studied glasses for display devices and fibre lasers.

8 illus, 5 tables, 26 ref

023951   Chougule S N;Gavit H B;Kurchania A K (Lokmangal College of Agriculture, Wadala (MPKV), Rahuri, Maharashtra) : Study the performance of developed biogas plant from jatropha oil cake for domestic application. Int J Trop Agric 2015, 33(4), 2449-53.

The field experiments for biogas production from Jatropha Oil Cake (JOC) and details of various analytical methods used in determination of physico-chemical characteristics of substrates before and after anaerobic digestion. The experiments were conducted at GopalPura (Bhindar) for Green Oil Energy Sciences (GOES) (Pvt) Ltd, New Delhi. This Biogas plant was developed during the year 2010, with the help of following experimental details. Plant capacity and dimensions of flexible balloon digester, total volume of the digester, biogas storage balloon, hydrostatic pressure, earth pressure, design parameters such as hoop stress, longitudinal stress, circumferential strain, longitudinal strain, change in diameter, change in length, original volume, thickness of balloon and chemical composition of Jatropha oil cake moisture content, total solids, volatile solids, non-volatile solids, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, carbon, C:N ratio, crude protein and oil content, characteristics of JOC before and after anaerobic digestion. Nutrient content of Jatropha oil cake before and after anaerobic digestion. The biogas generated from FBSD was used for domestic purposes by using biogas double burner stove. Gas engine was tested to observe its performance using biogas for power generation.

5 tables, 15 ref

023950   Choi S W;Kim G Y;Ryu D H;Back C W (NO, Research & Development Cente, Eugene Corporation Co. Ltd., Goyang-City, GyeongGi-Do, Republic of Korea, Email: friendpo@daum.net) : Effects of mineral activators on hydration properties of ternary, low-heat blended cement with abundant ground granulated blast-furnace slag. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4193-6.

Hydration properties and use of blended cements with various types of mineral activators were evaluated for the purpose of developing an environment-friendly, low-heat blended cement using a high proportion of ground granulated blast-furnace slag and fly ash, thus reducing the proportion of Portland cement mix by up to 10%. The results showed that a mixture of plaster and quicklime as a mineral activator, at 5% of total binder content, can maintain performance comparable with standard, commercial low-heat cements and importantly, results in a significant reduction in concrete's hydration heat.

3 illus, 4 tables, 5 ref

023949   Choe G C;Kim G Y;Lee Y W;Lee T G (Architectural Engineering Dep, Chungnam National Univ, Daejeon, Republic of Korea) : Spalling and water vapour pressure of concrete with heating velocity. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4219-22.

In this study, concrete specimens of 30, 50, 70 and 90 MPa were heated at the heating rate of 1 °C/min and the ISO-834 standard heating curve to evaluate spalling and vapour pressure. It was found that the higher the strength that the concrete develops, the more section is lost. In addition, the increasing rate of water vapour pressure on the surface of concrete at an early phase were found to have a significant impact on the concrete spalling.

5 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref

023948   Cho J Y;Park H K;Ji M S;Jang W K (Electronic Engineering Dep, Hanseo Univ, Seosan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 356-706, Republic of Korea, Email: jwk@hanseo.ac.kr) : Data spacing of interferogram for static modulation in fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4260-2.

The maximum data spacing of the interferogram for exact spectral information of unknown species was discussed in two dimensional Fourier transform technology for static modulation. We investigated the optimized sampling frequency enough to get the moderate interferogram without superfluous data, based on Nyquist theorem. The Fourier transform infrared spectrometer with a stationary interferometer composed of optical elements creating retardation must use the restrained number of data. The minimum number of data for the static modulated Fourier transform spectrometer was discussed to replace the dynamic modulation in the conventional Fourier transform spectrometers.

2 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

023947   Cho J Y;Park H K;Ji M S;Jang W K (Electronic Engineering Dep, Hanseo Univ, Seosan-si, Chungcheongnam-do 356-706, Republic of Korea, Email: jwk@hanseo.ac.kr) : Spectral dependence on sampling frequency in static modulated fourier transform infrared spectrometer. Asian J Chem 2015, 27(11), 4257-9.

The spectral dependence on the sampling frequency in the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer was discussed for the exact spectral information. To get the optimized sampling frequency without superfluous or insufficient data, two spectra of the solid sample in two different data spacing were compared in the three spectral ranges. The difference of spectral data of two different data spacing showed a decrease in the higher wavenumber region.

1 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

023946   Chakraborty N;Gupta K;Vellumurgan S;Ritesh R (Traffic Engineering and Safety Div, CSIR-Central Road Research Institute, Delhi-110 025) : Personality traits and risk taking practices among heavy transport vehicle drivers in India. Bhartiya Vaigyanik Evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika 2016, 24(2), 159-63.

This study was carried out jointly by the Traffic Engineering and Safety Division of CSIR-CRRI and PCTI Education Society (Road Safety Division) to examine the personality correlates of risk taking practices of heavy motor drivers in the Indian city of Delhi, India. 537 HTV male drivers with their past driving records were selected and were segregated according to their type of duties i.e. Long distance route drivers and short distance route drivers. Then Computerized Inventory of Driving related Personality Traits (IVPE) was administered uniformly to all the sample population. The study showed that young drivers had shown better performed in Emotional Stability scale, Honesty scale, Self Control, Adventurousness and need for excitement as compared to the older group of drivers. Moreover, Short Distance Route Drivers performed comparatively better than Long Distance Route Drivers. The study emphasizes urgent requirement of the screening of the driver's personality traits and driving history before driving license renewal.

2 tables, 16 ref

023945   Blustein G;Deya C;Romagnoli R (CIDEPINT (CONICET-CICPBA): Centro de Investigacion y Desarrollo en Tec, Calle 52e/121 y 122, (B1900AYB), La Plata 1900, Argentina, Email: antifouling@cidepint.gov.ar) : Synergism in anticorrosive paints. Bull Mater Sci 2016, 39(3), 749-57.

The present work depicts synergism anticorrosive behaviour between zinc hypophosphite and zinc phosphate in a commercial pigment mixture. Also, the performance of anticorrosive paints was evaluated. Synergism anticorrosive behaviour was evaluated by corrosion potential and linear polarization measurements in pigment suspensions. The protective layer obtained with this pigment mixture was investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Then, the anticorrosive properties of the pigment were assessed by incorporating it into alkyd and epoxy paints which were evaluated by salt spray test and electrochemical noise technique. The morphology and the nature of the protective layer grown under the paint film were also studied by SEM. Experimental results showed that improved anticorrosion protection is achieved in paints with reduced zinc phosphate contents as a consequence of the synergistic interaction between zinc hypophosphite and the other components of the pigment mixture. The electrochemical noise technique proved to be adequate to monitor corrosion in painted panels and is able to detectcorrosion under the paint film from very early stages. This paper identified the need to study synergism between anticorrosive pigments to try to reduce the phosphate content in anticorrosive paints.

13 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref

023944   Bagalkot N;Suresh Kumar G (Ocean Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai, Email: gskumar@iitm.ac.in) : Effect of nonlinear sorption on multispecies radionuclide transport in a coupled fracture-matrix system with variable fracture aperture: a numerical study. ISH J Hydraul Engng 2015, 21(3), 242-54.

A one-dimensional numerical analysis on multispecies radionuclide transport in a single-horizontal coupled fracture-matrix system has been performed. Analysis considering linear and nonlinear adsorption cases with linear, Langmuir, and Freundlich adsorption models has been carried out. The results indicate that there is a significant change in the spatial distribution of radionuclides in a coupled fracture-matrix system when a nonlinear adsorption isotherm is considered as compared to the simplified linear sorption isotherm. Sensitivity analysis of Langmuir constant and Freundlich exponent has been performed, and the numerical results indicate that the behavior of radionuclide transport is strongly influenced by these nonlinear sorption isotherm parameters. In addition, an attempt has been made to consider the variation of fracture aperture thickness along its flow direction by introducing logarithmic distribution. A clear distinction in the spatial distribution of radionuclide concentration was observed when variable fracture aperture is considered as opposed to the conventional parallel plate model with a constant fracture aperture thickness. Further, the results suggest that there is an enhanced retardation of radionuclides within the high permeable fracture with varying fracture aperture.

9 illus, 5 tables, 35 ref

023943   Ashjaee S S;Faizi M;Seraj F M;Zarouri A S Z (Master of sustainable architecture, Iran Univ of Science and technology, Iran, Email: Sabeti.shiva@gmail.com) : Assessment the effect of window, its shape and shading devices on the heating and cooling energy consumption (In the region of Mashhad city). Curr Trends Technol Sci 2016, (Spl issue), 50-4.

Nowadays, saving energy is more important than past due to the population growth and utilizing more resources as a consequence of it. Given to 30-40% of energy consumption in the buildings and existing potential to save energy and the main role of window in the energy consumption in buildings, this study attempts to assess the effect of window, its shape, proportion and type on the heating energy consumption and the effect of shading devices on the cooling energy consumption in residential buildings in Mashhad city. For this purpose, a model with the area of 250 m2 was defined by Design Builder software, in which two variables of the direction and the percentage of the window wall ratios were considered. Then, by keeping window wall ratios constant, the windows' proportion in wall was assessed and finally the effect of hangover on the cooling of building was simulated. By reviewing analyses, it is observed that the shape and dimensions of the windows to the East and South have significant effects on the heating energy consumption and also the use of shading devices above the windows to the East, West and South is recommended.

8 illus, 15 ref

023942   Ariharan A;Viswanathan B;Nandhakumar V (National Centre for Catalysis Research, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036, Email: bvnathan@iitm.ac.in) : Phosphorous-doped porous carbon derived from paste of newly growing Ficus benghalensis as hydrogen storage material. Indian J Chem-Sect A 2016, 55(6), 649-56.

The synthesis of heteroatom (P)-doped porous carbon derived from the paste of newly growing Indian banyan tree (Ficus benghalensis) is described. The synthesis involves activation, carbonization and phosphorous-doping processes using H₃PO₄ as activating agent and as phosphorous source. The phosphorous-doped porous carbon material shows a wafer-like morphology with specific surface area of 1406 m²/g. This material exhibits hydrogen storage capacity of <126>1.2 wt % at 298 K and 100 bar. This easily prepared carbon material is promising for realistic hydrogen storage.

10 illus, 59 ref