005504   Erande S L;Nanware S S (Zoology Dep, K.S.K.W. Arts Science and Commerce College, CIDCO, Nashik, Email: slerande@rediffmail.com) : Phosphomidon induced biochemical changes in fresh water snail, Viviparous bengalensis from Darana river of Nasik district. Asian J Bio Sci 2013, 8(2), 171-4.

Pesticides have unique position among crop protecting chemicals. The phosphomidon an organophosphate pesticide has an ample application on account of its efficiency against a wide variety of insect pest which enters into aquatic bodies through runoff water. Blind use of pesticide bound to affect the non target organism like Viviparus bengalensis. The present research paper deals with the study of toxic potential of pesticide i.e. phosphomidon against fresh water snail, Viviparus bengalensis. The average LC₅₀ values were determined up to the period of 96 hrs. The glycogen and protein contents were found to be depleted while lipid content was inclined. The results can be correlated with the increased consumption of reserve food in the hepatopancreas, mantle, foot and whole body tissues of the fresh water snail Viviparus bengalensis.

3 illus, 1 table, 26 ref

005503   Erande S L;Nanware S S (Zoology Dep, K.S.K.W Arts Science and Commerce College, CIDCO, Nashik, Email: slerande@rediffmail.com) : Effect of endosulphan on biochemical parameters of fresh water snail Viviparous bengalensis. Asian J Bio Sci 2013, 8(2), 160-4.

Pesticides have unique position among crop protecting chemicals. The endosulfan an organochloride pesticide has ample application on account of its efficiency against a wide variety of insect pest. However, on its entry into aquatic bodies through runoff water, possibilities of gross alterations in physico-chemical profile of water cannot be ruled out. Blind used of pesticide bound to affect the non target organism like Viviparus bengalensis. In present study the toxic potential of endosulfan was assessed by acute static bioassay. The average LC₅₀ values were determined for 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 96 hrs. The glycogen and protein contain were depleted and lipids was found increased. The results were correlated with the increased consumption of reserve food in the foot, mantle, hepatopancreas and whole body tissues of the snail Viviparus bengalensis.

3 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

005502   Dhananjy C;Laishram J M;Singh N B;Wani S H; Brajakishor C;Loidang T (Genetics and Plant Breeding Div, Sher-e-Kashmir Univ of Agricultural Sciences and Technology of Kashmi, Srinagar, Email: shabirhussainwani@gmail.com) : Two new records of the genus Rattus from Manipur. Asian J Anim Sci 2014, 9(1), 59-67.

The diversity of rats of the Manipur, the easternmost state of India remains largely unexplored besides ome of the works of the Zological Survey of India. Out of a total of 4,629 species of mammals known in the world, 372 species ocur in the Indian union. Of these, 69 species are reported from Manipur (Mandal et al., 205). Five subspecies under the genus Ratus viz., Ratus ratus bruneusculus (Hodgson), Ratus ratus bulocki Ronwal, Ratus ratus tistae Hinton, Ratus nitdus obsoletus Hinton, and Ratus manipulus manipulus (Thomas) besides one species Ratus mackenziei (Thomas) had ben reported from Manipur.Ratus mackenziei (Thomas) and Ratus manipulus manipulus (Thomas) were included in the genusBerylmys as Berylmys mackenziei (Thomas) and Berylmys manipulus (Thomas), respectively. In this paper we are reporting the ocurence of two more species of the genus Ratus viz., Ratus tanezumi (Temminck, 184) and Ratus norvegicus (Berkenhout, 1769) for the first time from Manipur. The morphometric data as wel as the osteological data from skul were studied for an unambiguous identification of the two species. The objective of the study was to present the diversity of the rats in Manipur as wel as determination of the endemism of the rats.

4 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref

005501   Chatterjee S;Chattoraj K K;Banerjee P;De M K; Majumdar A (Microbiology and Parasitology Laboratory, Zoology Dep, The University of Burdwan, Bardwan, West Bengal, Email: soumen.microbiology@gmail.com) : Population dynamics and diversity of soil microbes in some areas of Jalpaiguri district of West Bengal, India. Asian J Microbiol Biotechnol envir Sci 2013, 15(2), 287-90.

Six soil samples were collected from four different locations with different micro-environment namely, Batabari farm side area, Batabari village area (two samples), Murti river side (two samples) and Mahakal Mandir forest area of Jalpaiguri District, West Bengal. Topography, land slope, vegetation coverage, water logging condition and anthropogenic influences were considered as basis of the sample selection. The population dynamics, diversity of different groups of microorganisms were determined. Soil chemical and physical characteristic features were also analyzed. Aerobic heterotrophic bacteria, Nitrifying bacteria, Gram(-) bacteria, Phosphate solubilising bacteria, Nitrogen fixing bacteria and Fungi population were quite high in Mahakal Mandir forest part with high percentage of organic carbon. These populations were somewhat low in other two areas of Batabari village area and Batabari farm side area due to human interference. Murti river bank areas showed a different picture where all bacterial groups were very low due to low organic carbon, leaching activity and low water holding capacity in coarse grained soil.

2 tables, 23 ref

005500   Banumathy;Padmaja M;Deecaraman M (Zoology Dep, Unit of Invertebrate Reproduction & Pharmacological Endocrinology, Sir Theagaraya College, Chennai-21) : LDH and esterase activity of different tissues in a fiddler crab Uca triangularis bengali of Pulicat lake Tamil Nadu. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2013, 10(1), 451-60.

Biochemical analysis was carried out in tissues of the male crabs belonging to different maturity stages were collected from pulicat lake and the biochemical changes studied correlated with the nutritional aspects during the reproductive activity and developmemtal changes correlated with nutritional aspects occurring in the gonads and other organs like hepatopancreas and muscles have monitored with regard to different types of isoenzymes such as LDH, and esterase activity taking place in the different tissues during maturation have been studied and quantified.The trends in the fluctuation of metabolites indicates that the transactions takes place from the chief synthetic and storage organ. During the reproductive activity, the levels began to increase at certain stage and high levels were maintained during higher developing stages with growth and these levels decreased during prespawning, ecdysis and molt cycles and correspondingly maturation stages.It showed high levels of changes which were not in advance in the immature and developing stages. A considerable importance on the changes in different tissues in the aquatic animals in accordance with the reproductive activities has been noted in the present study of the crabs of Uca triangularis Bengali. of pulicatlake.

4 illus, 4 tables, 29 ref

005499   Balkhande J V;Kulkarni A N (Zoology and Fishery Science Dep, N.E.S. Science College, Nanded-431 605, Email: balkhandejay1986@gmail.com) : Effect of different habitats on population density of house sparrow (Passer domesticus) at Purna region, dist. Parbhani Maharashtra, India. Ecol Envir Conserv 2013, 19(3), 849-52.

House sparrow (Passer domesticus) is the brown and fluffy bird which is widely distributed, most familiar and abundant bird, found in almost in all habitats. (Summer-Smith 1988; Anderson, 2006). Effect of different habitats on its population density was studied from September 2010 to August 2012 at four different habitats such as agriculture field (Chudawa), Purna river, Grassland (Purna-Tadkalas road) and residential colony (Siddharath Nagar). For the study Line Transects and Point Count Methods were used. It was observed that population density was abundant in residential colony and rare in grassland as compare to other habitats. The details of observation are discussed in the text.

2 tables, 17 ref

005498   Aldigail S A;Alsaggaff A I;Al-Azab A M (Biological Science Dep, King Abdul-Aziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) : Anatomical and histological study on the digestive canal of Epilachna chrysomelina (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae). Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2013, 10(1), 183-92.

Epilachna chrysomelina (Coleoptera: Coccinellidae) is one of the phytophagous insects that feeds on cucurbit plants and is considered an economic pest, widely distributed throughout the world and It is also endemic along the South Western coast of Saudi Arabia due to the abundance of cucurbit plants (wild and domesticated) causing severe damage. Anatomical and histological study has been conducted on the digestive canal of E.Chrysomelina, to study the relationship between the length and the structure of the digestive canal and the kind of food. The study indicated that the length of the digestive canal of E.crysomelina is double in length of those of carnivorous beetles. The histological structure showed different types of cells; the results were discussed with related references.

14 illus, 16 ref

005497   Abdussmad E M;Prathibha Rohit;SaidKoya K P; Habeeb Mohamed O M M J;Jeyabalan K (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Ernakulam North, P. O., Kochi-682 018, Email: emasamad2@yahoo.com) : Carangids (Family: Carangidae) in the seas around Indian subcontinent with description of amcro-taxonomic characters for the field identification of genera and species. Indian J Fish 2013, 60(2), 21-36.

Carangids formed nearly 5.5% of the marine fish production from Indian waters during 2004-2010. Fishery was supported by 60 species with 14 at commercial scale. Most of the species exhibit changes in morphologic/meristic characteristics and colour patterns with growth and some even exhibit sexual dimorphism. Taxonomy of each species and species specific variations in morphology, meristic counts as well as colour patterns with growth and sexual maturity were studied and based on very striking macro-taxonomic characters, a key was developed for field identification of genera and species of carangids from Indian waters. Pictorial illustrations on morphometric changes with growth and sexual dimorphism in those species wherever applicable has been provided.

62 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

004546   Yeragi S S;Prabhu V N;Yeragi P S (NO, K.J. Somaiya College of Science and Commerce, Vidyavihar, Mumbai-400 077, Email: dryeragi@rediffmail.com) : Preliminary investigation on allergic, rhinits cause, care control of Vikhroli-Mulund areas of suburb Mumbai, Maharashtra India. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 67-71.

Vikhroli Suburb of Mumbai having a newly developed dumping ground at Kanjurmarg. It has occupied aquatic zone as well as mangrove belt. It is also noticed that the aquatic lives as well as belt of Mangrove totally disappeared under the hill of organic residue. The lagoons are disappeared which were the breeding ground for fish as well as aquatic birds. It destroyed the wet-land ecosystem heavily. This issue is now-a-days in the court. The associated area having many educational institutions whose children are under the threat. Mansoon is the unfavorable season where many pupil remain absent in their schools due to allergic problems. The Survey was conducted at different places the highest infestation is at Vikhroli and Kanjurmarg areas. Aspergillus spp, Pericillium spp, spores were dominated in the survey period, which affect the immune system. Dumping ground is the treasure house to spread the mycoflora in the associated areas.

2 tables, 3 ref

004545   Singh R;Dev K;Sahi D N (Zoology Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu-180 006) : Clutch size and egg dimetrics of house sparrow Passer domesticus indicus eggs in urban and rural areas of Jammu region. Int J Geomatics Geosci 2014, 4(4), 687-94.

Clutch size and egg dimetrics of house sparrow, Passer domesticus indicuswere studied during breeding season from March, 2011 to August 2011 some rural and urban regions of Jammu, India. Clutch size of House Sparrow revealed variations in rural from minimum 1 to 6 with mean 3.48±0.79 in Ramban, Chenani (n=97). The cluch size of 3 was found to be most common (53.60%) followed by cluch size of 4 (31.95%). In urban areas, varitions from minimum 1 to maximum 5 with mean 3.24±0.83 in Jammu (n=37). The cluch size of 3 was found to be most common (51.35%) followed by cluch size of 4 (29.72%). Of the total eggs measured (n=46), the average length, breadth, egg volume, egg shape index and egg weight found to be 2.29±0.10 cm (Min. 2.10 cm:Max. 2.46 cm), 1.70±0.09 cm (Min. 1.50 cm : Max. 1.92 cm), 3.26±2.17 cm3(Min. 2.32 cm3 : Max. 4.36 cm3), 74,29±2.17 (Min. 69.55 : Max. 79.75), 2.70±0.13 gm (Min. 2.44 gm :Max. 2.91 gm) respectively.

2 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

004544   Sharbatkhori M;Spotin A;Taherkhani H; Roshanghalb M;Parvizi P (Molecular Systematics Laboratory, Parasitoloy Dep, Pasteur Institute of Iran, Tehran, Iran) : Molecular variation in Leishmania parasites from sandflies species of a zoonotic cutaneous leishmaniasis in northeast of Iran. J Vector Borne Dis 2014, 51(1), 16-21.

Study was undertaken to incriminate vectors of ZCL in the region, and to find molecular variation in Leishmania parasites. The sandflies were sampled using CDC light-traps and sticky papers. All the sandflies were identified using morphological characters of the head and abdominal terminalia. DNA was extracted from the dissected thorax and attached anterior abdomen of individual female sandfly. Leishmania detection and identification of sandflies were performed using PCR, digestion of BsuRI restriction enzyme and sequencing of ITS-rDNA gene and also by semi-nested PCR to amplify minicircle kinetoplast (k) DNA of Leishmania. Leishmania infections were detected in 26 out of 206 female sandflies. Of the infected sandflies, 18 were Phlebotomus papatasi while eight were P. caucasicus/P. mongolensis. Two infections of L. turnica were detected, one in P. papatasi and other in P. caucasicus/P. mongolensis and the rest of the sandflies were found infected with L. major. Our finding showed that L. major had low diversity with only one common haplotype (GenBank Access No. EF413075). The novel haplotypes were discovered in L. major (GenBank Access No. KF152937) and in L. turanica (GenBank Access No. EF413079) in low frequency. These Leishmania parasites are circulating to maintain infections in the P. papatasi and P. caucasicus/P. mongolensis in Turkmen Sahara.

2 illus, 1 table, 37 ref

004543   Sathe T V;Pallavi V K (Zoology Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur-416 004, Email: profdrtvsathe@rediffmail.com) : Diversity of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) from Kolhapur district. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 111-15.

Most of the weevils in their larval and adult form feed on only vegetable substances and act as pests of several agricultural and non agricultural crops. Hence, diversity of weevils (Coleoptera: Curculionidae) has been studied from Kolhapur district. In all, 22 species of weevils have been reported belonging to the genera, Echinocnemus, Hydronomidius, Myllocerus, Apoderus, Rhynchophorus, Sitophilus, Discalandra, etc. feeding on cereal, pulse, vegetable, fruit and fiber crops in Kolhapur region of Maharashtra. Occurrence of the weevils is also reported in the present work.

1 table, 15 ref

004542   Sasan J S;Sharma A;Piyush Prakash;Malik M R (Veterinary Anatomy Dep, Apollo College of Veterinary Medicine, Jaipur-302 031, Email: jssasan216@gmail.com) : Morphometry of pelvis of camel (Camelus dromedarius). Indian vet J 2013, 90(6), 80-3.

The pelvis of the camel was relatively small or more oblique in comparison to ox. The Width (48.3 ± 0.55 cm) of the pelvic girdle was approximately one and half times to its length (36.5 ± 0.76 cm). Tuber coxae and tuber ischii were transversely extended and did not reveal the presence of conspicuous tuberosities. The conjugate diameter (24.00 ±0.42 cm) was almost one and half times of the transverse diameter (16.5 ±0.63 cm). The transverse diameter of the acetabulum (6.78 ± 0.18 cm) and obturator foramen (6.60 ±0.16 cm) were in approximation and these were circuloid and ovoid in shape, respectively. The pelvic floor was divided into three - cranial, middle and caudal parts by transverse ridges. The middle part was largest (8.50 cm) and deep (1.00 cm). The other two parts - cranial and caudal were slopy.

2 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

004541   Santhi Pon Indira Y S;James R (Zoology Post Graduate and Research Dep, V.O. Chidambaram College, Tuticorin-628 008, Email: piojames@yahoo.com) : Effect of dietary Spirulina on reduction of copper toxicity in Labeo rohita (Hamilton, 1822). J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 21-7.

Impact of various levels of Spirulina (0, 2, 4, 6 and 10%) supplementation on alleviation of copper toxicity based on selected haemotological parameters and rate of oxygen consumption were studied in a freshwater cultivable fish, Labeo rohita. Metal concentration in medium and selected body tissues and fecal matter were also analysed to find out the mechanism of toxicity reduction. Spirulina supplementation in the diet significantly improved the tested physiological and reduced the metal burden in tissues than Spirulina free diet. The mechanism of reduction of metal toxicity seems to be elimination of metal through feces. A significant positive correlation (r=0.744; P<60>0.01; n=18) was obtained for the relationship between supplementation of dietary Spirulina and copper defecation through feces. Among the doses of Spirulina supplementation, 4% addition has been considered optimum for L. rohita since this dose produces maximum elimination of copper from the body and better performance of physiological parameters. The treatment period (21 days) given was not sufficient for complete removal of copper and it requires still longer duration.

1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

004540   Rani V;Srinivasan A;Padmavathy P;Manimekalai D;Pasupathy K (Fisheries Environment Dep, Tamilnadu Fisheries Univ, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukdui-628 008) : Utilization of animal wastes for the culture on freshwater rotifer Brachionus spp for tish larval rearing. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 93-6.

Comparative effect of turkey and pig manure on the growth of freshwater rotifer Brachionus ssp was determined in 2.5 L culture media, containing 2.5g/l of respective manure type. In these treatments, significant growth was observed in turkey manure at the concentration of 2.5g/l when compared to pig manure. Even though the concentration algal density estimated in pig manure was nearer to turkey manure, the cells observed were very small and the nucleus not distinct which may not be used as food source for cultured organisms. Hence, the results of the study states that Turkey manure enhances the growth of microalgae species for the growth of rotifers which can be used as live food in fish larval rearing. However, recommended to inoculate the cultured algal species to increases the concentration so as to obtain maximum density of rotifer.

1 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

004539   Rajpurohit L S;Sharma G;Vaishnav D;Soni D; Choudhary S (Animal Behavior Unit, Zoology Dep, Faculty of Science, J. N. V. Univ, Jodhpur-3423 001, Email: dkvaishnav@in.com) : Population dynamics of Hanuman langurs (Semnopithecus entellus entellus) around Jodhpur, western Rajasthan (India) over four decades. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 51-6.

Geographically isolated population of Semnopithecus entellus entellus, in and around Jodhpur (altitude 241 m, latitude 26° 18' N and longitude 73° 08" E), has been studied by various Indian and foreign researchers for more than three decades. The repeated censuses of this population revealed an increase from about 850 animals in 1970 (5.7 animals/km^{2) to about 2007 individuals in 2010 (13.4 animals/km2) over a period of last 40 years. The long-term data suggest that the numbers in all-male bands have not increased much in comparison to the numbers in bisexual troops. Numbers in the male bands-increased by 37% only (175 in 1970 to 245 in 2010) while me numbers in bisexual troops increased 160% (682 in 1970 to 1762 in 2010). The overall population of langurs has grown by 127%. The total number of groups also increased from 31 to 54 due to formation of new groups out of larger sized groups. The average bisexual troop size has grown from 34.1 in (n=20) to 47.6 (n=38) in comparison to the male band size which has become 15.3 (n=16) from 15.9 (n=11). Langurs of Jodhpur feed heavily on provisioned food and cultivated fields for their sustenance. Since the bisexual troops receive artificial food more readily, they may have been able to take fuller advantage of these increasing resources and affect a population increase that has not been possible for the male bands.}

1 table, 30 ref

004538   Rajasree K M;Jacob L (Zoology Dep, Bishop Moore College, Mavelikara, Kerala-690 110, Email: kmrajasree@yahoo.com) : Changes in haematological parameters in a fresh water mural Channa striatus (Bloch) exposed to captafol-fungicide. Ecol Envir Conserv 2013, 19(2), 339-42.

Healthy Channa striatus of length ranging from 13± 10cm and weight (20gm-30gm) were collected from the Pumba river and were exposed to different concentrations (0.5%, 1%, 1.5%) of Captafol for 72 hrs. Again parallel groups of fishes were kept in water with equal volume of water and acetone and taken as control group. The haematological parameters analyzed are Total Erythrocyte Count (TEC), Total Leucocyte Count (TLC), differential counts of leucocytes, Total Platelet Count (TPC), total Hb content, haematocrit, Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate (ESR), RBC/WBC ratio, Volume Index (V.I), Colour Index (C.I) and Saturation Index (S.I). The results show that there is a significant reduction in TEC, TLC, TPC, Hb and Ht with increase in concentration of Captafol. ESR and the derived values like MCH, MCHC, V.I C.I S.I values are elevated when compared to the control group. The differential counts of leucocytes found to record an increase in the relative percentage of lymphocytes concurrent with a decrease in that of plasmacytes, neutrophils and basophils. The analysis of results show that the stresses due to Captafol caused a general weakness due to pancytopenia (decrease in all formed cellular elements) and anaemia (reduced erythrocyte number, heamoglobin content and haematocrit.) in Channa striatus.

2 tables, 32 ref

004537   Panwar V;Goel S (Zoology Dep, Monad Univ, N.H-24, Delhi Hapur Road, Village kastla-Kasmabad P.O. Pilkhuwa-245 101, Email: vinaypanwar81@gmail.com) : Study of Spodoptera litura (fabricius, 1775) larval development of different host plant in Haur (Uttar Pradesh), India. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 105-10.

Larval development parameters like larval weight, larval period and larval growth index of S. litura were recorded in ten hosts. The weight of 10-day old larva was recorded maximum (93.8 mg) on cauliflower curd, and on other hosts tested it was less than 50 mg. The larval period of S. litura was only 12 days on cauliflower curd, which was shortest among all the hosts tested. Growth index is one of the important factors in ecological consideration of the insects for the suitability of the food plants in the ecosystem. Present studied under laboratory Conditions (25°C, 65-70% RH) as was the utilizations of the ten host plant and adaptations on tobacco, all of the biological parameter included in the study were affected by the host plants.

2 tables, 16 ref

004536   Panwar V (Zoology Dep, Monad Univ, N.H-24, Delhi Hapur Road, Village kastla-Kasmabad P.O. Pilkhuwa-245 101, Email: vinaypanwar81@gmail.com) : Effect of pentachlorophenol in tissue (hindgut): "Periplaneta Americana" (Linn.). J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 85-92.

Periplaneta Americana (Linn), when exposure to sublethal Concentration (Lc₁₀₀, Lc₅₀, and Lc₀ experimental Concentration) Values were calculated by the Method of Finny (1971). Lc₁₀₀ 0.5% Lc₅₀ 0.25% and Lc₀ 0.07% for pentachlorophenol. These doses were calculated at 96 hour's duration. PCP were vivisected after 5,10,15,20,25,30,35 and 40 days of the treatment. The nuclei are with diffuse chromatin material. The intima is also distorted at many places. The tissue has lost architecture. The connective tissue is also degenerated at many places the cobaidal cells of the epithelium have lost their architecture. At many places the rectal pads have lost their architecture. The nuclei are either pycnotic or with diffused chromatic material. The connective tissue is degenerated.

9 illus, 12 ref

004535   Panwar V (Zoology Dep, Monad Univ, N.H-24, Delhi Hapur Road, Village kastal-Kasmabad P.O. Pilkhuwa-245 101, Email: vinaypanwar81@gmail.com) : Carcinogens study in tissue (midgut): "Periplaneta Americana" (Linn.). J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 57-65.

Periplaneta americana (Linn), when exposure to sublethal Concentration (Lc₁₀₀, Lc₅₀ and Lc₀ experimental Concentration) Values were calculated by the Method of Finny (1971). Lc₁₀₀ 0.5% Lc₅₀ 0.25% and Lc₀ 0.07% for pentachlorophenol. These doses were calculated at 96 hour's duration. PCP were vivisected after 5,10,15,20,25,30,35 and 40 days of the treatment. The circular muscle layer and longitudinal muscles are distorted. Striated border is distorted at few places. The cytoplasm is degenerated, the nuclei of regenerative nidi are also with pycnotic chromatin material. The columnar cells are filled with pycnotic nuclei and new epithelium layer is formed towards the lumen. The musculature is also obliterated, additional group of regenerative nidi are seen which are so formed due to increased mitotic actually of the nidi.). The circular muscles are thickened while longitudinal muscles are distorted.

9 illus, 17 ref

004534   Panwar V (Zoology Dep, Monad Univ, N.H-24, Delhi Hapur Road, Village kastala-Kasmabad P.O. Pilkhuwa-245 101, Email: vinaypanwar81@gmail.com) : Histopatholgical observation in tissue (forgut) "Periplaneta Americana" (Linn.). J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 29-36.

Periplaneta Americana (Linn), when exposure to sublethal Concentration (Lc₁₀₀, Lc₅₀ and Lc₀ experimental Concentration). Values were calculated by the Method of Finny (1971). Lc₁₀₀ 0.5% Lc₅₀ 0.25% and Lc₀ 0.07% for pentachlorophenol. These doses were calculated at 96 hour's duration. PCP were vivisected after 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35 and 40 days of the treatment. The muscles layer at some places is obliterated. The intima is also distorted. The circular muscles are degenerated and distorted. The nuclei are with diffuse chromatin material. The gut epithelium is irregular in shape and has formed a cluster of fold at one place. The epithelial layer also shows additional fold which are filled with additional nuclei probably due to mitotic division.

9 illus, 16 ref

004533   Okoye;Chris I;Amoke;Cornelius O (Zoology and Environmental Biology Dep, Nigeria Univ, Nsukka, Email: ikem.chris@unn.edu.ng) : Effect of Allium sativum aqueous extract on egg load and worm burden in immunosuppressed guinea pigs infected with Schistosoma haematobium. Appl biol Res 2013, 15(1), 47-52.

Current research was designed to evaluate the prophylactic and therapeutic potential of garlic (Allium sativum) aqueous extracts in Schistosoma haematobium infection, using immuno-suppressed guinea pigs as animal model. Twenty four infected male guinea pigs were divided into various groups that were treated with A. sativum extracts over different periods, praziquantel treated group and control. Eggs recovered in various groups were counted and recorded. A substantial reduction in egg load of S. haematobium was observed in A. sativum extract-treated and praziquantel treated groups in comparison to untreated control. Further, praziquantel and A. sativum extract treatments significantly reduced worm burden. S. haematobium infection was established in guinea pigs under controlled immunosuppression. The study suggests that A. sativum aqueous extract is a convenient prophylactic and promising therapeutic agent for the control of S. haematobium infection.

1 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

004532   Martinez-Ibarra J A;Nogueda-Torres B; Salazar-Schettino P M;Vences-Blanco M O;Torre-Alvarez F J de la; Montanez-Valdez O D (Dr Jose Alejandro Martinez-Ibarra, Area de Entomologia Medica, Centro Univ del Sur, U de Guadalajara Av., 49000 Ciudad Guzman, Jalisco, Mexico, Email: aibarra@cusur.udg.mx) : Differences on biological attributes of three populations of Meccus pallidipennis Stal (hemiptera: reduviidae). J Vector Borne Dis 2014, 51(1), 22-6.

The aim of this study was to examine the biological attributes of three populations of M. pallidipennis from areas with different environmental characteristics as a factor influencing the triatomine capacity for T. cruzi transmission. The values of biological parameters related to the life cycle, the number of blood meals to molt to next instar, fecundity and percentage of females after a biological cycle of three populations of M. pallidipennis were evaluated. A cohort of each of the three studied populations from different geographical areas of Mexico was maintained under similar laboratory conditions and then compared with each other. The life cycle was less than six months in all the studied cohorts, with differences among them. The number of blood meals to molt was lower for the cohort from Izucar de Matamoros. Laid eggs per day per female was lower for the cohort from Luvianos. In contrast, no important differences were recorded on the percentage of mortality, egg eclosion rate or percentages of obtained females. It was found that an important level of heterogeneity exist between the three studied populations of M. pallidipennis, apparently influenced by the remarkable differences on environmental conditions on the localities where the founders were initially collected, that emphasizes the necessity of studies on local populations of triatomines.

1 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

004531   Khatib S M;Yeragi S G (Zoology Dep, K. J. Somaiya College of Science and Commerce, Vidyavihar, Mumbai-400 077, Email: khatib.sumaiya@gmail.com) : Vertical distribution of some physico-chemical parameters of Varhala lake, Bhiwandi, Maharashtra. J Nat Conserv 2013, 25(1-2), 37-44.

Physico-chemical parameters commonly used to specify water quality of a water body in tropical urban areas indicate declining trend of water quality, unsuitable for the growth of higher aquatic species. The present study deals with the vertical (surface, middle and bottom) variations of some important physico-chemical parameters of Varhala Lake in Bhiwandi, district Thane, during May-2011 to April-2012. Sampling was conducted at three different depth of water column, to study the vertical distribution of some physico-chemical parameters viz. temperature, pH, DO, BOD, nitrate and phosphate.

1 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

004530   Ghosh S (Kushmandi, Dakshin Dinajpur, West Bengal) : Culture of threatened minor carp Amblypharyngodon mala - towards production, diversification and conservation. Sci Cult 2014, 80(3-4), 115-17.

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004529   Chatterjee M;Sadhukhan G C;Kundu J K (Molecular Biology Unit, Zoology Dep, Vidyasagar Univ, Paschim Medinipur-721 102, Email: jkundu_62@yahoo.com) : Effect of cadmium at cellular and sub-cellular level and its remedies by amla and Lycopodium. Sci Cult 2014, 80(3-4), 95-7.

Cadmium toxicity at different cellular and sub cellular level is due to its accumulation in different organs through food and drink from the environment. Its removal is not possible by most chelating agents as they are unable to pass through membrane. These accumulations cause severe damage at cellular and sub-cellular levels. This study is to observe the remedial effects of amla and Lycopodium on cadmium induced toxicity. To conduct this study, Swiss albino mice were given chronic exposure of cadmium chloride with the following treatment series. Mice were divided into different sets; one set without any treatment and with normal food and water, one set with cadmium followed by Amla extracts, one set with cadmium followed by extracts of Lycopodium and another set provided with cadmium followed by extracts of Amla and Lycopodium both. To observe the changes tests for micronuclei detection and sperm head anomalies were performed. Result showed that toxicity caused by cadmium was reduced to some extent by the treatment series, but the drugs were more effective when applied additively.

1 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

003466   Vijaya Lakshmi;Alam M N (Zoology Dep, Vinoba Bhave Univ, Hazaribag-825 301) : Bayrusil induced alternations in the ovarian stages of a fresh water fish, Heteropneustes fosslis (Bloch). Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 349-54.

The study dealt with the histopathological changes in the ovary of the fish, Heteropneustes fossilis exposed chronically to sublethal concentration of an organo - phosphate pesticide, bayrusil. Interesting lesions in the form of distorsion and breakage of ovarian wall and ovigerous lamellae appeared. The gonado - somatic index (GSI) also underwent changes reflecting impairment of reproductive potential of the fish under bayrusil toxicity.

4 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

003465   Srivastava A K;Singh M (Zoology Dep, Bipin Bihari P.G. College, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh) : Study of a new tape worm Breviscolex hinotaensis n.sp. from Clarias batrachus (Linn.) from district Chhatarpur (M.P.) India. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 363-5.

Four Clarias batrachus (Linn.) were collected from village Hinota, Tehsil Loundi, District Chhatarpur (M.P.) for cestode parasite. Ten cestode parasites were reported from its intestine, showing bilobed ovary with long isthmus and prominent neck and present of fewer lateral post ovarian vitelline follicles.

7 illus, 2 ref

003464   Sirohi A;Tandon P (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. College, Kanpur (Uttar Pradesh), Email: anpankaj@gmail.com) : Environmental friendly control of mosquito's to ease vector borne diseases. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 158-66.

The toxicity of aqueous leaf extract of Ocimum sanctum were tested in a laboratory for larvicidal activity against the Culex quinquefasciatus and Anopheles stephensi (Diptera : Culicidae). Laboratory reared larvae were exposed to 10,20,30 and 40 ppm concentrations of the extract of Ocimum sanctum leaves in laboratory of D.A.V. Degree College, Kanpur. The extract showed highest larval mortality 65% against the larvae of Anopheles and 59% for Culex. The LC₅₀ value of Ocimum sanctum against the larvae of Anopheles was 29.504 ppm md 36.088 ppm for Culex were found respectively. The result indicates that the natural insecticides could be taken in the place of synthetic insecticides and save our environment from chemical hazards. These extracts are highly toxic against mosquito larvae therefore; they may be useful for the management of mosquito larvae to control vector borne diseases.

2 tables, 11 ref

003463   Singh S (Zoology Dep, Ganna Upadak Sanatkattar Mahavidhyalya, Baheri, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh) : Note on the mosquito prevalence at locality Faridpur of Bareilly district, U.P.. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 109-10.

A study on the seasonal prevalence and faunal diversity of Anopheles was carried out at selected locality in Faridpur of district Bareilly between January,2007 to December,2007. A total of 1264 specimens of Anopheles were collected, which belonged to 10 species. The most abundant species was An.subpictus followed by An.stephensi and An.culicifacies, The density of Anopheles was abundant in rainy season and least in winters. The density was on peak in rainy season because of the more breeding sites in this season.

2 tables, 7 ref

003462   Shukla M;Singh I;Arora B M (Anatomy Dep, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, G.B. Pant Univ of Agricult, Pantnagar-263 145, Email: singh_iswar@yahoo.co.in) : Morphology of the scapula and humerus of leopard cat. Indian vet J 2013, 90(1), 129-30.

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003461   Shreshth S;Zahra K (Zoology Dep, TRYS Degree College, MOTH, (Jhansi), Email: saurabhshreshth@gmail.com) : Alterations in some haematological parameters of fresh water teleost Channa punctatus exposed to sublethal concentration of metasystox. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 380-4.

The objective of this study was to investigate the haematological parameters of Channa punctatus exposed to sublethal concentration of metasystox. The direct interpolation technique (graphical method) was conducted and the LC50 value for 96 hours was calculated as 0.022 ml/l. The 1/10 of 96 hours LC50 was selected as sublethal concentration for chronic toxicity studies. The effect was studied by exposing the fishes for 15, 30 and 45 days and results were compared with control fishes. The level of Hb %, TEC, PCV, MCH and MCV were significantly increased in treated than untreated control fishes after the end of 15 days, 30 days and 45 days intoxication of metasystox. A significant decreased level of TLC, ESR and MCHC were observed. Studies have shown that when the water quality is affected by toxicants, any physiological alterations will be reflected in the values of one or more of the haematological parameters.

1 table, 25 ref

003460   Shinde S M;Nanware S S;Bhure D B;Deshmukh V S (Zoology Dep, Mahatama Phule Jr. College, Ahmedpur Dist. Latur, Maharashtra) : Systematic observation of a new species of the genus Moniezia (cestoda : anoplocephalidae) from Ovis bharal. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 371-9.

Deals with systematic observation of a new species of the genus Monieza3 i.e. Moniezia (B) orientalis sp.nov were collected from Ovis bharal L. at Ahmedpur Dist. Latur (M.S.) India. The parasite comes closer to all known species of the genus Moniezia2 due to general topography of organ but differs due to simple scolex, oval, muscular scolex, oval to rounded suckers, arranged in two groups, mature proglottids four to five times broader than long, testes small, rounded and 35-40 in numbers. Cirrus pouch cylindrical, ovary bean shaped, vitelline gland oval, compact and genital pore marginal. Vas deferens thin straight tube, the interproglottidal glands arranged in two rows, 16-18 in numbers( 8-9 in each rows).

2 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

003459   Shinde S M;Nanware S S;Bhure D B (Zoology Dep, Mahatama Phule Jr. College, Ahmedpur, Dist. Latur, Maharashtra) : Bio-systematic studies on the cestode genus Davainea columbae from Columba livia. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 385-90.

The present study dealt with the systematic observation of avian tapeworm Davainea columbae Sp. Nov. collected from intestine of a Columba livia at Ausa, District Latur (M.S.) India. The worm comes closer to all the known species of this genus in general topography of organs but differs due to scolex square in shape, narrow anteriorly and broad posteriorly, suckers four, arranged at four corners, rostellar hooks 'V'shaped, 30-32 in numbers, neck broader than long, mature segment two times broader than long, testes 28-30 in numbers, cirrus pouch oval, elongated, genital pore small, unilateral, marginal, vagina posterior to cirrus pouch and ovary bilobed.

2 illus, 24 ref

003458   Sharma A;Sasan J S;Malik M R (Anatomy and Histology Dep, Apollo College of Veterinary Medicine, Agra Road, Jaipur-302 031, Email: dranilsharma82@gmail.com) : Morphometry of cervical vertebrae of camel (Camelus dromedarius). Indian vet J 2013, 90(1), 105-7.

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003457   Sharma A K (Entomology Dep, J.N.K.V.V., Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Email: amitsharma2375@gmail.com) : Light trap mediated exploitation of seasonal abundance and population dynamics of major insect pests of paddy in relation to weather parameters and climate change. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 85-8.

Field experiment was conducted during Kharif,2005&2006 at farmer's field (village-Badgaon) near Krishi Vigyan Kendra Balaghat. Standard design of light trap (Model SM) was used to collect valuable information on seasonal incidence of three major insect pest species of paddy in Balaghat region namely rice leaf folder, rice gall midge and rice stem borer and to field out their relationship with weather factors and also to observe the trend of insect population from climate change point of view. Results indicated that major activity period of Cnaphalocrocis medinalis and Scirpophaga incertulus cononed during worm and humid months from August to November, Three to four peaks were observed in all these species which indicates completion of three generations during the cropping season. Orseolea oryzae is active during the high rainfall and humid months (July to October) with four peaks.

3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

003456   Sajikumar K K;Ragesh N;Koya K P S;Venkatesan V;Joseph M;Remya R;Mohamed K S (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institue, P.B. No. 1603, Ernakulam North, P.O., Kochi-682 018, Email: kksajikumar@yahoo.co.in) : Paralarva of the sharpear enope squid Ancistrocheirus lesueurii (Oegopsida: Ancistrocheiridae) in the southeastern Arabiansea. J Mar Biol Ass India 2013, 55(2), 79-82.

First morphological description of an early stage paralarva of the sharpear enope squid Ancistrocheirus lesueurii from southeastern Arabian Sea is presented. The paralarva was collected at dusk by using surface tows of zooplankton nets in February 2012. The presence of paralarva A. lesueurii indicates that this species completes its life cycle in this sea. A comparison of the arm formula of paralarva and adult stages shows a major change in the formula during metamorphosis to adult.

^ssc3 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

003455   Sabhyata;Hare Govind, (Zoology Dep, D.A.V. College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, Email: dr.sabhayatasingh@gmail.com) : Studies on trematode parasites of the genus Haplorchoides chen, 1949 from fresh water fishes of Varanasi (U.P.). Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 123-6.

The present paper reported a new species, Haplorchoides jairajpurii sp. nov. and an already known, H.srivastavai Gupta and Govind (1985) were collected from the intestine of Clupisoma garua (Ham.) and Mystus aor (Ham.) fresh water Oshes respectively. Both parasite species has been described in detail. The new species is distinguished by the presence of short oesophagus, posterior extension of caeca, nonconoient nature of vitellaria and anterior commencement of vitelline follicles and posterior extension of vesicula seminalis. A key to the species of the genus has also been given.

2 illus, 8 ref

003454   Rebello V T;George M K;Paulton M P; Sathianandan T V (Zoology & Aquaculture PG Dep, St. Albert's College, Ernakulam, Cochin-682 018, Email: drterencerebello2012@gmail.com ) : Morphometric structure of the jumbo tiger prawn, Penaeus monodon Fabricius, 1798 from southeast and southwest coasts of India. J Mar Biol Ass India 2013, 55(2), 11-15.

Morphometric variables were measured to detect variation among the random population samples of Penaeus monodon from east and west coast - Kochi, Calicut, Mangalore, Karwar, Kakinada and Chennai of India. Among these variables, PCL showed the highest correlation with the tail weight (TLW) in both males (0.9605) and females (0.9639). Truss network analysis of 26 measurements from the six centres were log transformed and were subjected to Principal Component Analysis and accounted a total of 89.15% variations in truss measurements data and showed no separate cluster formation in the plot of sheared PC scores and hence confirm homogeneous stock structure.

3 illus, 3 tables, 33 ref

003453   Ramesh Chandra;Dwivedi P;Tripathi P (Biological Sciences Dep, Mahatma Gandhi Chitrakoot Gramodaya Vishwavidyalaya, Chitrakoot, Distt.-Satna (Madhya Pradesh-485 780, Email: rctmgcgv@gmail.com) : A new species of genus Dasineura (Diptera: Cecidomyidae) from Chitrakoot (U.P.), India. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 335-9.

The genus Dasineura was erected16. The male and female flies of present study were reared from flowers of Hibiscus rosa-sinensis from Chitrakoot, UP, India in 2012 and 2013. The female fly inserted eggs into flower buds. The developing larvae sucked the sap and considerable changes occurred in the flower. The structures of male and female flies were studied and compared with previously described species of genus Dasineura in India.

17 ref

003452   Ramachandran S;Ayoob A E;Koya P P (Fishery Survey of India, Fishing harbour complex, Royapuram, Chennai-13, Email: marine_ramc@yahoo.co.in) : New distributional record of bramble shark Echinorhinus brucus (Bonnaterre, 1788) from the seamount of Lakshadweep Islands from description on skeletal rings. J Mar Biol Ass India 2013, 55(2), 28-34.

Female bramble shark Echinorhinus brucus (1175mm TL) was caught in the bottom set perch line operated by the fishing boat "Museum" belonging to the Department of Fisheries, UT of Lakshadweep during it's regular exploratory survey on the seamount of Kavaratti Island in the month of May 2011. The area of operation was at Lat.10°33.08' N; Long.72° 39.3' E off Kavaratti at the depth of 66 -165m during night fishing. Despite the fact that, this species was reported from various landing centres of India and although its distribution range includes the Lakshadweep seas the present paper is the first report that confirms its distribution in the seamounts of the Lakshadweep Islands. The paper also describes the skeletal rings of the lateral line in this species for the first time.

6 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

003451   Rahalkar S;Tiwari R K S;Tiwari A (Zoology Dep, Govt.(Auto.) Girls P.G. College, Balaspur, Chhattisgarh, Email: rahalkar_s@rediffmail.com) : Effect of showing dates on the population dynamics of Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.) on mustard (Brassica juncea) crop. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 89-93.

A study on effect of dates of showing, on population dynamics of Lipaphis erysimi was conducted for two consecutive years during 1998-99 and 1999-2000. Crop was sown on six dates, starting from 1.11.98 during first year and 30.10.99 during following year. Successive showings were done at two weeks interval. First appearance of aphids was recorded on 13.12.98 and 5.12.99 respectively during the two experimental years, on the crop of first showing date. Among different sowing dates, peak of aphid population was recorded on the crop of 4* showing date (13.12.98), during 1998-99 and on the crop of 3rd showing date (28.11.99), during 1999-2000. Correlation coeffocient drawn between meteorological factors and aphid population on the crop of different sowing dates revealed that, aphid population on the crop of 1st & 2nd showing date showed a significant negative correlation with minimum temperature. Significant negative correlation was also found between maximum temperature and aphid populations on the crop 1" showing date. However aphid population on the crop of other sowing dates did not show any significant correlation with meteorological factors.

5 tables, 15 ref

003450   Puinyabati H;Shomorendra M;Kar D (Zoology Dep, Thambal Marik College, Oinam, Manipur, Email: hpuinya@rediffmail.com ) : Redescription of two species of the genus metaclinostomu Pandey and Baugh, 1965 from a freshwater fish Channa punctatus from Manipur and Assam. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 127-30.

This article describes the two species of the genus Metaclinostomum (Trematoda) Pandey and Baugh (1965) viz. Metacttriostomum thaparus Sahay and Sahay, 1984 and M. srivastavai Pandey and Baugh (1965). The study was carried out from 2008-2010. Both the two species were infected to the liver of Channa punctatus (Bioch).

2 illus, 3 ref

003449   Prabhawati;Choudhary L;Choudhary G;Sinha K P (Zoology Dep, Marwari College, Darbhanga-846 004) : Limnology of some water reservoirs of rural area of Darbhanga, N. Bihar,. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 319-22.

Deals with the analysis of physico-chemical parameters of a reservoir at Kabirchak near Darbhanga town. It receives the effluents of several small scale industries, agricultural runoff from paddy fields, sewage disposal as well as products of domestic and human activities. The overall annual mean values of different physico-chemical parameters on the basis of analysis of water sample collected showed.

1 table, 14 ref

003448   Mondal S;Manna B (Zoology Dep, Parasitology Research Unit, Calcutta Univ, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata-700 019, Email: sagata.mondal@rediffmail.com) : On two new species of Caenorhabditis (Nematoda : Rhabditia) from Alipore Zoological Garden, Kolkata, India. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 309-18.

Two new species Caenorhabditis ratufae sp. nov., and Caenorhabditis hystrisi sp. nov. are described and illustrated here. These nematodes were collected from the faecal samples of the giant squirrel (Ratufa indica) and Porcupine (Hystrix indica) respectively, remaining captive at the Alipore Zoological Garden, Kolkata, India. Caenorhabditis ratufae sp. nov., is characterized by the presence of metarhabdions each with one anteriorly pointed bristle-like denticle; viviparous females, uterus well defined and contains 4-10 eggs and 2-4 well developed larvae, female tail conical, small in size, 62.5-87.5 μm long. Again, Caenorhabditis hystrisi sp. nov. is characterized by the presence of oesophageal collar; metarhabdions each with anteriorly blunt teeth; viviparous females, gonads, uterus well defined and contains 15-50 eggs and 10-15 well developed larvae. Female tail conical, medium sized, 50-112.5 μm long.

3 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

003447   Marmath M M (Zoology Dep, Govt. College, Kota, Rajasthan, Email: drbharatmarmath@yahoo.co.in) : Checklist of waders in wetlands of Kota, namely Alaniya, Ummedganj, Kishore sagar, Udpuria and Abheda. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 120-2.

Waders are birds utilizing wetlands as habitat. These birds belong to the order Charadriiformes excluding the seabirds. Kota, a city of Rajasthan, has been endowed with ample water resources hence egrets, herons, storks, lapwings, ibis etc. are utilizing these wetlands in and around Kota. What is beneotial for these birds is beneotial for humans also,therefore conservation of these birds and their habitats will result in long term ecological benefit. This paper is an endeavour to study the wader avifauna present in and around Kota at Abheda, Alaniya, Ummedganj, Kishore Sagar and Udpuria.

1 table, 6 ref

003446   Markam M S;Singh S P (Zoology Dep, Govt. J.S.T.P.G. College, Balaghat, Madhya Pradesh, Email: mmarkam_bgt@rediffmail.com) : Predatory feeding behavior of adult and NYMPH of Canthecona forcellata, a serious predator of tropical tasar silkworm. Life Sci Bull 2013, 10(1), 144-6.

Present study has been carried out to analyse the percentage loss of Anthereae mylitta Drury (Daba T.V.) cocoons at various durations of open environmental exposure due to Canthecona predation. The results revealed that the cocoons of first, second and third crops reared under rearing net exposed to open environment have shown 75-85% larval mortality and 15-25% ERR. It was found that the adult and nymph of Canthecona forcettata both predate the Tasar silkworm. It was also recorded that the larvae of first, second and third crops kept under captivity even after rearing have been protected from Canthecona attack. The larval parameters like duration and weight recorded during three crops found to be increased from first crop to third crop as 32-43 days and 30.6-39.8 gm respectively. The effective rate of rearing also increased from first crop to third crop as 78-85%.

12 ref

003445   Karuppasamy P K;Priyadarshini R S S; Ramamoorthy N;Sujatha R;Ganga S;Jayalakshmi T;Santhanam P (Zoology P.G. and Research Dep, Periyar EVR College, Tiruchirappalli-620 023, Email: saams2007@gmail.com) : Comparison of proximate, amino and fatty acid composition of Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798), Fenneropenaeus indicu (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) and Aristeus virilis (Bate, 1881) of Nagapattinam Landing centre, Tamil Nadu. J Mar Biol Ass India 2013, 55(2), 55-60.

Proximate, amino and fatty acids has been compared between Penaeus monodon (Fabricius, 1798), Fenneropenaeus indicus (H. Milne Edwards, 1837) and Aristeus virilis (Bate, 1881) collected from the Nagapattinam landing centre (south east coast of India). The shrimps showed a significant (p<60>0.05) result and varying concentration of protein, lipid, carbohydrate and moisture. Higher concentration of the major component, protein was found in A. virilis (17.25) followed by F. indicus and P. monodon. The amino acid composition and their ratios evinced shrimp as a nutritional diet in the present study. The essential amino acids that cannot be synthesized in human body are prevailing more in A. virilis than the other two shrimps. The fatty acids including saturated fatty acids (SFAs), Mono unsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs) and Poly unsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) were analyzed. The shrimps have higher concentrations of Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) and their ratios were estimated. A. virilis (47.1% and 23.6% of EPA and DHA was more concentrated with the PUFAs respectively than the other two shrimps. A. virlis had 47% of EPA and 23.6% DHA than other two shrimps.

3 tables, 32 ref

003444   Joshi S (Zoology Dep, Govt. Degree College, Sunni, Himachal Pradesh) : Sightings of water birds in Rancer Island (H.P.) India. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 340-2.

Water birds of Rancer Island in Himachal Pradesh were studied. A total of 25 species of birds were identified belonging to 11 families. The maximum number of water birds belonging to Anitadae family were observed. Tourism pressure, human bird conflict, encroachments and other related activities need special attention to protect the bird species.

2 tables, 8 ref

003443   Joshi P (Zoology Dep, R.H.G.P.G. College, Kashipur, Udam Singh Nagar-244 713, Email: joshi_pramod@yahoo.com) : Investigation of the production of food fishes in a reservoir of Uttrakhand. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(2), 366-70.

The production of food fishes of Nanak sagar reservoir, was studied for two years. The principal food fishes of reservoir were major carps, minor carps, cat fishes and weed fishes The total yearly fish catch in 2009 was 251.47t which was higher than the total fish catch in 2008(281.5t). It was also recorded that the fish landing was fluctuating monthly, seasonally and yearly in the water.

2 illus, 1 table, 14 ref