006541   Salting V B;Aquino F P;Leoveras M E D;Ocampo L C;Atabay E P;de Leon A M (Philippine Carabao Center Headquarters and Gene Pool, Science City of Munoz, Nueva Ecija, Philippines, Email: vicotira_salting@yahoo.com) : Comparison of quality of spermatozoa from the excurrent ducts of Philippine local chicken retrieved by swim-up or mincing methods. J biol Engng Res Rev 2016, 3(1), 1-5.

This study sought to compare various parameters of spermatozoa retrieved by swim-up method (SUM) and mincing method (MM) from the excurrent ducts of Philippine local chicken. Spermatozoa were collected aseptically from the excurrent ducts of twelve sexually matured Philippine local chickens by blunt dissection and were subsequently retrieved by mincing and swim-up method. Semen parameters such as motility, viability, sperm concentration and percent abnormality of the samples were determined. Results showed that the motility, viability, concentration and percent abnormality of spermatozoa retrieved by SUM were not significantly different from that of spermatozoa retrieved by MM which indicated that the method used for the retrieval of spermatozoa from the excurrent ducts did not in a way influence the resulting aforementioned semen parameters. It was therefore concluded that both of the retrieval methods used in this study yielded semen samples with comparable semen parameters and that good quality spermatozoa could be collected from the excurrent ducts of Philippine local chicken.

1 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

006540   Saliha B;Wafam H;Laid O M (Biology Dep, Faculty of Sciences - Med Boudiaf Univ- Bp 166 M'sila 28000, Algeria) : Effect of Bacillus thuringiensis var krustaki on the mortality and development of Culex pipiens (Diptera; cullicidae). Int J Mosquito Res 2016, 4(2), 20-3.

The bacterium Bacillus thuringiensis, is one of the insecticides mostly used at the moment as agent of biological control to suppressing the populations of diverse insect pests. The present study tested the strain Bacillus thuringiensis var krustaki against fourth stage larvae of Culex pipiens where they were exposed to different concentrations of Btk (25mg/l, 50mg/l et 83mg/l) for 48h, 120h, 240h and 360 hours. High larval mortality was recorded; this toxicity is expressed in terms of dose and time. Lethal concentrations LCso calculated after 48 hours is 380.19 mg/l and the LC₅₀ was 8912.51 mg/1. However, at 360 hours of the treatment, the CL50 % and the CL90 % does not exceed the 52.48 mg/1 and 107.15 mg/1. Btk disrupts fecundity and fertility of adults issued from treated larvae, with an average low eggs of 33.20 ± 5.116 induced by the dose of 25 mg/1 and low hatching duration of eggs with 2.30 ± 0.48%.

4 tables, 21 ref

006539   Ravneet Kaur;Singh D;Harbhajan Kaur (Zoology Dep, Post Graduate Govt. College for Girls, Sector-11, Chandigarh, Punjab) : Morphotaxonomy and external genitalia of three species of genus Tolumnia stal (heteroptera: pentatomidae) from North India. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(1), 1-6.

The morphological structures and shapes with special reference to metathoracic scent gland osteolar peritreme along with the male and female external genitalia of three species belonging to the genus Tolumnia Stal i.e. basalis Dallas, maxima Distant and latipes (Dallas) have been studied from North India. A key to the studied species is also given.

3 illus, 10 ref

006538   Mitra B;Panja B;Chakraborti U;Biswas O;Roy S; Das P (NO, Zoological Survey of India, New Alipore, Kolkata) : Notes on genus Tanymecus germar, 1817 from the Sunderban biosphere reserve, W. Bengal (Curculionidae: Coleoptera). Bionotes 2016, 18(4), 133.

5 ref

006537   Meerwal P;Jain G C (Zoology Dep, Univ of Rajasthan, Jaipur-302 004, Email: jain_gc@yahoo.co.in) : Antifertility effect of Caesalpinia bonducella (L.) fleming in male wistar rat. Int J Pharmac 2016, 3(6), 265-75.

To evaluate the possible antifertility effect of 50% ethanolic extract of C. bonducella seeds in male rats. Adult, healthy, male Wistar rats were randomly selected and divided into three groups each having 7 rats. Group I rats were treated with vehicle only and served as control. While group II and Group III rats were orally treated with C. bonducella extract at 200 mg and 400 mg/kg body weight/day, respectively for 60 days. The result of the present study indicated that there was significant decrease in the relative weights of testes and accessory sex glands in treated rats. The density, motility and viability of spermatozoa obtained from cauda epididymis were significantly (P<60>0.01 at 200 mg and P<60>0.001 at 400 mg) diminished in both treated groups as compared to control group. The serum testosterone level also showed significant (P<60>0.05 at 200 mg and P<60>0.01 at 400 mg) decline. The fertility rate and litter size decreased significantly in extract treated rats. Extract treatment also induced an alteration in biochemical milieu of the genital organs. The histopathological study of the tests showed dose dependent degenerative and atrophic changes. The seminiferous tubules and Leydig cells were shrinked. The number of germ cells and spermatozoa in seminiferous tubules were depleted. Further, histological study of epididymis also showed degenerative changes in the epithelium and only few spermatozoa in the lumen of tubules. In conclusion, 50% ethanolic extract of C. bonducella seeds showed significant antiandrogenic, antispermatogenic effect and consequently decline in fertility of male Wistar rats.

6 illus, 4 tables, 70 ref

006536   Lokesh G;Srivastava A K;Kar P K;Srivastava PP;Sinha A K;Sahay A (Silworm Breeding & Genetics, Central Tasar Research & Training Institute, Central Silk Board, Ranchi-835 303, Jharkhand) : Seasonal climatic influence on the leaf biochemicakls of sal (Shorea robusta) flora and in situ breeding behaviour of laria ecorace of tropical silkworm Antheraea mylitta drury. J Ent Zool Stud 2016, 4(6), 51-62.

The voltinism and breeding behaviour of Laria ecorace was studied in situ in relation to the climatic factors and foliar biochemicals of the Shorea robusta (Sal) leaves. Meteorological data was recorded with higher average temperature during May and June (30.77°C and 29.81°C) whereas higher average humidity (%) recorded during rainy season from July to September (82.93, 84.50 and 81.66) and a corresponding higher rain fall (mm) from July to October (195, 255, 185 and 205). Linear correlation between the leaf moisture and biochemical contents with the abiotic factors was studied. It revealed a positive correlation between leaf moisture (Av. temp.0.673; Av. humid 0.246), while, proteins and carbohydrates of leaf have positive correlation with humidity but negatively correlated with maximum temperature (-0.538). On contrary, leaf phenol and tannin showed negative correlation with the abiotic factors. The suitability of leaf nutrition and the ecological factors are prominent for the Laria silkworm breeding and subsequent cocoon production on Sal. A peak moth emergence was observed during second and third week of June at the onset of rainy season with coupling rate of 45% over total emergence. Larval population was found more during August to October. At the same time, higher survivability and cocoon production was recorded.

5 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

006535   Khjuria B;Langer S;Shiv Kumar;Choudhary A (Zoology Dep, Univ of Jammu, Jammu, Email: khauriabipu@gmail.com) : Fish diversity and habitat relationship of Selum nullah and Aik nullah with reference to physico chemical parameters at Bari Brahmana, Jammu district, J&K. J advd scient Res 2016, 7(1), 53-9.

The present study was conducted to access population structure of Selum nullah and Aik nullah, the diversity rich perennial tributaries of river Tawi. Present study depicts the presence of total 14 species belonging to 10 genera and 4 families in Selum nullah and 20 species belonging to 15 genera and 8 families in Aik nullah including 13 species in common. Both the study stations are dominated by order Cypriniformes including family Cyprinidae. To draw a better and authenticated picture of the data recorded, a measure of species richness and evenness of their distribution were also under taken. The total number of species recorded in both the study areas show good indication of species rich diversity though the water bodies are moderately polluted but all the variables of water bodies are within permissible limits. Though this study is first of its kind with no previous data record on abundance but, this study will provide base line data for conservation strategies in future.

5 illus, 4 tables, 43 ref

006534   Kasambe R (NO, , B-205, Trimurti Apartment, Borkar Lane, Tilak Nagar, Dombivli(East)-421 201, Email: raju.bnhs@gmail.com) : Butterflies of the Karnala Bird Sanctuary, Raigad, Maharashtra. Bionotes 2016, 18(4), 119-22.

1 table, 7 ref

006533   Kalita M K;Devi D (Life Science Div, Institute of Advanced Study in Science and Technology, Guwahati-781 035) : Immunomodulatory effect of chlorpyrifos formulation (Pyrifos- 20 EC) on Philosamia ricini (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae). J Ent Zool Stud 2016, 4(6), 26-31.

In present study immunotoxic effect of organophosphate pesticide, chlorpyrifos formulation (Pyrifos-20 EC) on Philosamia ricini (eri silkworm) was evaluated. Herein, two sub lethal concentrations of chlorpyrifos (1.5 mg/L and 2.0 mg/L) were administered to eri silkworm and the effect on Phenoloxidase (PO), lysozyme enzyme activity and hemocyte immunity were investigated at 24-96 h time interval. Results showed at 72-96 h 2.0 mg/L concentration showed significant inhibition in enzyme activity. Likewise, after 24 h of exposure a significant increase in lysozyme activity was recorded in both pesticide exposed groups, however at 72-96 h significant decrease in lysozyme activity was measured. Moreover, after 48-96 h significant reduction in hemocyte abundance was observed (p<60>0.05). Changes in proportional counts of hemocytes showed that sub lethal chlorpyrifos exposure caused an increase of granulocytes and plasmatocytes in a concentration-dependant manner. However, prohematocytes, spehrulocytes and oenocytes abundance was decreased significantly (p<60>0.05) in chlorpyrifos exposed groups.

2 illus, 4 tables, 31 ref

006532   Jitesh M;Radhakrishnan M V (Research & Development Centre, Bharathiar Univ, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Seasonal variation in accumulation of metals in selected tissues of the ribbon fish, Trichiurus lepturus collected from Chaliyar river, Kerala, India. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(1), 51-6.

The healthy condition of an aquatic ecosystem depends upon the physico-chemical and biological characteristics, which usually fluctuate with season and degree of pollution. The present investigation was carried out to assess the seasonal variations in bioaccumulation of metals (Cr, Mn, Fe, Cu, Zn and Pb) in selected tissues (Gill, Liver, Kidney and Muscle) of the freshwater fish Trichiurus lepturus collected from Chaliyar River, Kerala state. The results showed variation in accumulation of metals in different seasons. Gills accumulated maximum quantities in monsoon period followed by post monsoon, summer and pre monsoon period respectively. Liver, kidney and muscle accumulated maximum in monsoon and post monsoon periods. The order of accumulation was Fe <62> Zn <62> Mn <62> Cu <62> Cr <62> Pb. From this study it is clear that the Chaliyar River is polluted due to the discharge of industrial effluents, sewage run off from the villages as well as gold mining activities in the bank of the river by tribal people. The entry of metals into the river system reflects the pollution by industries which may adversely affect the fish population. Hence, to maintain a healthy biodiversity and abundance of fish, educate locals about the negative impact of pollution with sewage, fertilizers, pesticides and other chemicals.

1 illus, 2 tables, 41 ref

006531   Iyaloo D P;Facknath S (Biology & Control Div, Ministry of Health & Quality of Life, SSR Botanical Garden Rd, Curepipe, 230, Mauritius) : Optimization of Aedes albopictus rearing procedures: Preliminary steps towards large-scale rearing of the species within the laboratory in Mauritius. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(2), 46-53.

As preliminary steps towards a large-scale production of Aedes albopictus, egg hatching, blood feeding and larval rearing procedures were optimized in the national entomological laboratory in Mauritius. A mixture consisting of 28% tuna meal, 36% bovine liver powder and 36% brewer's yeast in dechlorinated water, induced more hatching in eggs of A. albopictus (mean of 99.3%) than in four other media. Blood source (human and bovine) did not have a major effect on female survival, fecundity and egg hatchability. However, egg production was highest in cages where blood was provided on the roof top using Hemotek feeders as compared to cages where Hemotek feeders or blood-filled sausages were placed inside the cage. Furthermore, two locally-manufactured animal feeds costing approximately 1 USD per kilogram, Aquatro Tilapia Pre GrowerTM and ChewliTM, were as effective in rearing A. albopictus larvae as the IAEA diet (a diet optimized in Vienna for rearing the species).

4 illus, 4 tables, 45 ref

006530   Hussain S;Ramteke N;Manohar S (Zoology and Applied Aquaculture Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal-462 026) : Growth performance of freshwater prawn Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H.M. Edward 1837) fed with commercial, supplementary plant and animal feeds. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(2), 28-31.

The present study was conducted for period of 45 days to investigate the effect of three different diets on growth performance of Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei. Three separate prawn groups of predetermined weight 0.317±0.010g and length 30±.2mm were fed with three different types of artificially prepared feed Viz, control (commercial feed), supplementary plant feed and supplementary animal feed. The best growth was recorded in animal group fed with supplementary animal feed. The highest mean weight gain and mean length gain were (0.614±0.032g) and (26±2.1mm) in prawns fed with diet-3 (supplementary animal feed). The lowest feed conversion ratio value 0.121±0.141 and highest specific growth rate value 0.594±0.15% body weight was observed in diet-3 (supplementary animal feed). Further there was a significant difference (P<0.05) in values of condition factor. Lowest value of condition factor 0.555±0.008 was found in diet-3.

3 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

006529   Hussain S;Manohar S (Zoology and Applied Aquaculture Dep, Barkatullah Univ, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh-462 026) : Reproductive biology of Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H.Milne-Edwards, 1837) from the upper lake, Bhopal, India. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(2), 32-6.

The study investigates the vital aspects of reproductive biology: maturation stages of ovaries, spawning season and size at sexual maturity of Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei (H. Milne-Edwards, 1837). The sampling of M. lamarrei lamarrei was conducted from the Upper Lake of Bhopal during the period from January 2014 to December 2015. Five maturation stages were recognized on the basis of coloration of ovaries as well as development and arrangements different stages of ova within the ovary. These stages were designated as immature, maturing, mature, ripe and spent. The data shows M. lamarrei lamarrei spawn throughout the year with 2 peaks in a year. The peak spawning activity was observed in May- June and November - December. The results of one way ANOVA showed significant differences for ovarian developmental stages and morphological parameters. The size at onset of sexual maturity when fifty percent of the population was morphologically mature was estimated as (TL50 = 4.70 cm), thus size can be significantly utilized in fisheries management as an indicator for minimum permissible capture size.

1 illus, 4 tables, 20 ref

006528   Harit D N (Zoology Dep, Government Champhai College, Mizoram-796 321, Email: dnharit@yahoo.co.in) : First report of distribution range extension of Oreocryptophis porphyraceus (Cantor, 1839) (Reptilia: colubridae) in Mizoram, North East India. Envir Conserv J 2016, 17(3), 143-4.

Snakes are one of the wonderful gifts of nature, having serpentine body, mostly without limbs. There are around 300 species of snakes reported from India. Every snake has its own distribution range. depending on its feeding habits, reproductive behaviour and suitability to environmental conditions. Some are endemic to some particular region. The aim of this paper to report distribution range extension of a Handed Trinket Snake Onocryptophisporphyraceus (Cantor, 1839) to the state of Mizoram, North East India on Indo Mvanmar border.

2 illus, 10 ref

006527   Hanafi-Bojd A A;Soleimani-Ahmadi M;Doosti S; Azari-Hamidian S (Medical Entomology and Vector Control Dep, School of Public Health, Tehran Univ of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran) : Larval habitats, affinity and diversity indices of culicinae (Diptera : culicidae) in southern Iran. Int J Mosquito Res 2016, 4(2), 27-38.

An investigation was carried out studying the ecology of the larvae of Culicinae (Diptera: Culicidae) in Bashagard County, Hormozgan Province, southern Iran. Larval habitat characteristics were recorded according to habitat situation and type, vegetation, sunlight situation, substrate type, turbidity and water depth during 2009-2011. Physicochemical parameters of larval habitat waters were analyzed for electrical conductivity (μS/cm), total alkalinity (mg/1), turbidity (NTU), total dissolved solids (mg/1), total hardness (mg/1), acidity (pH), water temperature (°C) and ions such as calcium, chloride, magnesium and sulphate. In total, 1479 third- and fourth-instar larvae including twelve species representing four genera were collected and identified: Aedes vexans, Culex arbieeni, Cx. bitaeniorhynchus, Cx. mimeticus, Cx. perexiguus, Cx. quinquefasciatus, Cx. sinaiticus, Cx. theileri, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Culiseta longiareolata, Ochlerotatus caballus and Oc. caspius. All species, except Cx. bitaeniorhynchus, were reported for the first time in Bashagard County. Culiseta longiareolata (37.5%), Cx. sinaiticus (23.7%), Cx. quinquefasciatus (22.9%) and Cx. tritaeniorhynchus (6.8%) were the most abundant species, respectively. Culex sinaiticus, Cx. tritaeniorhynchus, Cs. longiareolatti and Cx. perexiguus showed the most distribution, respectively. The physicochemical features of habitat water, habitat characteristics, association occasions and percentages, affinity and diversity indices of the larvae are discussed.

2 illus, 9 tables, 50 ref

006526   Gourishankar P;Chari M S;Sanjeev Kumar;Bhakta D;Behera S (Chatamura by passochowk, , Raigarh, P.O.) : Status of ornamental fish diversity of Raigarh district, Chhattisgarh, India. Int J Sci Nat 2016, 7(3), 575-8.

The present study was undertaken to know the status of ornamental fishes of Raigarh district, Chhattisgarh. A total eight water resources were selected based on lotic to lentic environment covering rivers, reservoirs and ponds of the district for a period of seven month (November, May, 2011). Water parameters were found suitable during the study period for fish growth. A total 61 species under 41 genera, 22 families and 7 orders were recorded from three rivers Mahandi, Mand, kelo; two reservoirs Chinkari, Kedar and three village ponds Chhapora, Pussore, Kodatarai. Out of 61 species recorded, 4 species (6.56%) had ornamental value and 18 species (29.51%) both ornamental and food value. Family Cyprinidae dominated the groups in aspect of ornamental and food fish category with 8 species followed by Channidae 3 species, Ambassidae 2 species and rest of 8 families with 1 species each. The present study revealed that Raigarh district of CG harbours wide varieties of ornamental fishes with economic importance and proper management measures should adopt to aware the fishers about value of the ornamental fishes for conservation measures.

20 ref

006525   Gandhi G;Chapla J;Reddya Naik B (Zoology Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad, Telangana State) : Data mapping of vector borne disease with gergraphical information system & global position system technology: in tribal areas Khamman district, Telangana state. Int J Mosquito Res 2016, 4(2), 39-43.

Recent advances in geographical information, mapping technologies have created great opportunities for public health administrators for better planning of programme, field monitoring, and analysis of epidemiological data and management of health system. Epidemiology Geographical Information System (GIS) and Global Positioning System (GPS) helps in visualizing and analysis of geographic distribution of disease, with respect to time and space, which is difficult to perform in any other system. Based on regions the distribution of vector borne disease cases were represented on density maps which were calculated for each Primary Health Centre (PHC). As more number of vector borne disease cases were rampant in the backward areas, we have focused our attention towards the Khammam tribal agencies of Telangana state, India. Which are identified through GIS & GPS techniques, also help in pinpointing the infected areas or person for further treatment processes. Our main aim is to map the vegtor borne diseases, density areas by using above techniques. Remote Sensing data was also used to identify the favorable indicators of malaria breeding areas. Vector born disease (VBD) were highlighted in this study such as Malaria and Dengue. The work was carried out between tfie years 2011-2014. Our main aim is to identify and to report the causes for malaria and dengue cases to the concerned authorities, for educating the tribes in taking preventive measures such as keeping the surrounding environment clean, dry, fully clothed, use of anti-mosquito repellents such as burning of dried leaves of neem, ocimum (Tulasi), husk of green gram and dried mesocarp of coconut.

3 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

006524   Dhanya Alex M;Biju Kumar A;Suresh Kumar U; George S (Aquatic Biology and Fisheries Dep, Univ of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram-695 581, Email: bijupuzhayoram@gmail.com) : Analysis of genetic variation in green chromide [Etroplus suratensis (Bloch)] (Pisces: Cichlidae) using microsatellites and mitochondrial DNA. Indian J Biotechnol 2016, 15(3), 375-81.

The cichlid fish, Green Chromide [Etroplus suratensis (Bloch)] is an economically valuable food fish and a preferred candidate for brackishwater aquaculture in India. Genetic variation of E. suratensis collected from 11 different geographic locations of Kerala state, India was investigated using microsatellite and mitochondrial DNA markers [cytochrome c oxidase 1 (CO1) and 16S rDNA genes]. Seventeen primers published for two cichlid species were tested to amplify homologous microsatellite loci in E. suratensis. Six primers yielded successful amplification and only one was found to be polymorphic. Microsatellite analysis revealed a low genetic variation with alleles ranging from 1 to 4. The observed heterozygosity and expected heterozygosity ranged from 0.000 to 0.167 and 0.000 to 0.104. The results showed relatively lower variation in Kayamkulam and Vembanad lake populations. Mitochondrial DNA (CO1) analysis revealed 9 haplotypes with very low haplotype and nucleotide diversity. Genetic differentiation by pairwise F_ST showed that samples from Chandragiripuzha estuary are significantly different from all other populations. AMOVA analysis of both markers indicates significant differentiation between populations. The results of the two markers suggest that the studied 11 populations of E. suratensis showed low genetic variation between populations and leads to the conclusion that they are drawn from the same randomly mating gene pool.

3 illus, 24 ref

006523   Devasurmutt Y R;Arpitha B M (Biotechnology Dep, R & D Centre, Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering, Bangalore) : Introduction to phylum Tardigrada. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2016, 5(5), 48-52.

Tardigrades popularly known as water bears are micrometazoans with four pairs of lobopod legs. They are the organisms which can live in extreme conditions and are known to survive in vacuum and space without protection. Tardigardes survive in lichens and mosses, usually associated with water film on mosses, liverworts, and lichens. More species are found in milder environments such as meadows, ponds and lakes. They are the first known species to survive in outer space. Tardigrades are closely related to Arthropoda and nematodes based on their morphological and molecular analysis. The cryptobiosis of Tardigrades have helped scientists to develop dry vaccines. They have been applied as research subjects in transplantology. Future research would help in more applications of tardigrades in the field of science.

^iia3 illus, 40 ref

006522   Chuluunjav C H;Odonchimeg B;Ganchimeg G; Munkhtsetseg B (NO, Institute of Plant Protection, Mongolia) : Results of the study on beneficial and toxic matters contained in tissues and organs of some blister beetles (Meloidae) distributed in mongolia. J Ent Zool Stud 2016, 4(6), 32-7.

Blister beetles of 34 species belonging to such genera as Epicauta, Lytta, Mylabris, Meloi, Cerocoma, Zonitis, Apalus, Eusonitis, Megatrachelus and Stenoria of family Meloidae are distributed in Mongolia. These beetles feed flower organs and leaves of plants belonging to families of Leguminosae and Fabaceae and concentrations of organic matters and toxic substances vary with the organs, where they are contained. Proteins account for 49.3% of dry matter of the organs and tissues of Caragana blister beetle (Lytta Caragana) fed leaf of the vetch (Vicia sativa) and 60.0% of matters of the beetle fed Astragalus sp. As well, the beetle body contains large amounts of non-essential amino acids including alanine, aspartic acid, serine, cysteine, glutamic acid, arginine and tyrosine, and essential amino acids such as valine, histidine, lysine, leucine, methionine, proline, threonine and phenylalanine. Tocopherol esters contained in Siberian blister beetle (Epicauta sibirica), Caragana beetle (Lytta caragan?) and Frolov blister beetle amount to 214.08 mg/g, 98.83 mg/g and 113.07 mg/g respectively. Chemical nomenclature of cantharidin contained in the organs and tissues of blister beetle is Exo-1,2-cis-den-1-3,6-epoxyhexahydropthalic anhydride and its chemical formula is C₁₀H₁₂O₄. Tocopherol, proteins, amino acids, selenium, other macro and micro elements and cantharidin were extracted from dried tissues and organs of beetle of 4 species belonging to family Meloidae, and the effect of tocopherol was tested on sheep, chickens and mice, while cantharidin toxicity or LD50 and LD100 was determined in mice.

5 tables

006521   Basha S K C;Rao K R S S (Zoology and Aquaculture Dep, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Andhra Pradesh) : Intrinsic assessment of bioactive potentiality of mangroves actinomycetes. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(1), 20-6.

In the wake of emptying of the bioactive potentiality of terrestrial Actinomycetes which prompts the actinomycetologists to explore the under and unexplored regions/ecosystems like mangroves, by exploring the same enables us to equip to manoeuvre the emergence of super bugs and varied novel viral strains. The review intrinsically assesses the mangroves Actinomycetes bioactivity so as to envisage it as an indomitable source of bioactive secondary metabolites. Different works suggests that mangroves Actinomycetes bioactivity is versatile in the way of its Industrial enzymes production, Antitumour, Antimicrobial, Antiangiogenesis, Enzyme inhibition, Probiotics and other notable bioactive metabolites. Finally the review concludes that in order to explore the bioactivity of mangroves Actinomycetes there is an indispensable need of conserving mangroves effectively by the stringent implementation of Coastal regulation norms in the Indian context with the aid of vital players which paves the way to the sustainable development of mangroves.

2 illus, 42 ref

006520   Banyal H S;Sanjeev Kumar (Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Jodhpur-342 005, Email: dr.harinderbanyal@gmail.com) : Additions to the ichthyo-faunal diversity in Luni river, near Luni town, Jodhpur (Rajasthan). Bionotes 2016, 18(4), 123-4.

1 table, 8 ref

006519   Assarnia S (NO, Tehran Univ, Tehran, IRAN Iran, Islamic Republic of Iran) : Identification of new leishmania using ITS1 - rDNA gene. Int J Mosquito Res 2016, 4(2), 44-51.

Leishmaniasis is a parasitic disease that is caused by protozoan parasites of the genus Leishmania. Cutaneous Leishmaniasis is an important sanitation and public health issue in Iran. The identification of Leishmania parasites in human, source, and carriers of the disease through routine laboratory methods, isoenzyme, monoclonal antibodies, and the proliferation of part of the genome of Leishmania parasites by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method is common in Iran. However, certain identification and confirmation of the parasite is always associated with doubt without determining the sequencing of the genome of Leishmania parasites. The objective of this research was to search for Leishmania species in human isolated bloods. This research was a descriptive-analytical experiment that consisted of 41 samples provided by Pasteur Institute of Iran. In the present study, in order to identify the species of Leishmania parasites in human isolates with wet cutaneous Leishmaniasis, first, culture in biphasic medium was carried out, and then, DNA was extracted from cultured promastigotes. Standard PCR was employed to detect Leishmania by amplifying a region of the ribosomal RNA genes (ITSI-rDNA). Amplicons were examined with Gel electrophoresis. PCR products were directly sequenced and molecular software applications were employed to confirm the species of the Leishmania. Leishmania species were detected using Standard PCR and sequencing of ITS 1 -rDNA gene. Sequence analysis revealed that 17 out of 39 positive samples were Lishmania major. Crithidia fasciculata was observed in 5 samples; 16 samples were unnamed Leishmania', only one sample was identified as Leishmania tropica; and one sequence was unreadable therefore not identified. With its high accuracy and sensitivity, ITSI-rDNA amplification and sequencing is one of the best methods to identify different species of Leishmania.

12 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

006518   Aslam M R;Javed K;Javed H;Ahmad T;Kassi A K (Entomology Dep, Pir Mehr Ali Shah-Arod Agriculture Univ, Rawalpindi, Pakistan) : Verietal resistance of pumpkin (Cucurbita pepo L.) germplasms against red pumpkin beetle Aulacophora foveicollis L. in Pothwar region. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(1), 7-12.

The present study was conducted for the evaluation of different pumpkin cultivars against Red Pumpkin Beetle Aulacophora foveicollis L. (Chrysomelidae: Coleoptera) at University Research Farm Koont, during 2016. The data regarding number of eggs, larvae and adult population on Bottle Gourd Lattu and Bottle Gourd varieties with 0.26 and 0.23 number of eggs per leaf while 0.31 and 0.22 larvae population per leaf and maximum population of adults with 0.26 and 0.18 per leaf were recorded respectively. The minimum population of eggs, larvae and adult were recorded on Round Gourd Hybrid-F1 with 0.08, 0.06 and 0.05 per leaf respectively. According to physico-morphic characters the length and girth of Bottle Gourd Lattu and Bottle Gourd varieties were maximum with (0.26 and 0.18 cm length of plant) and (20.97 and 20.67 mm girth of plant) and minimum vines length and girth with 0.18 cm length of plant and 20.72 mm girth of plant were recorded on Round Gourd Hybrid-F1. The leaf infestation of Bottle Gourd and Bottle Gourd Lattu were maximum with 33.33 and 33.21 percent respectively while minimum infestation was recorded on Round Gourd Hybrid-F1 i.e 24.25 percent. Flower infestation of Bottle Gourd and Bottle Gourd Lattu were higher with 22.81 and 22.76 percent and minimum on Round Gourd Hybrid-F1 with 14.83 percent. Maximum yield was observed on Round Gourd Hybrid-F1 with 17.11 kg while the Bottle Gourd Lattu and Bottle Gourd had low yield 10.58, 10.58 kg respectively.

4 tables, 23 ref

006517   Amir H;Butt B Z;Vehra S E (Government Post Graduate College for Women Samanabad, , Lahore, Pakistan) : Evaluation of larvicidal activity of Parthenium hysterophorus against Aedes aegypti. Int J Mosquito Res 2016, 4(2), 1-4.

The present study was conducted to find out the larvicidal effect of Parthenium hysterophoms against 2nd and 3rd in star Aedes aegypti larvae. Leaves and stem extracts were used, extracts divided into two parts, the first part (stored stock extract) stored for 45 days and then its activity was checked against larvae while the second part (fresh stock extract) was used immediately. Different concentrations of fresh and stored stock extracts were made and tested against A. aegypti. Results showed that all the extracts (with different concentrations) were found to be most useful against larvae of A. aegypti. Percentage mortality of larvae from leaves stored stock solution was calculated to be 80% while percentage mortality through leaves fresh stock solution was calculated as 100%. The fresh stock solution of leaves prepared in 200g/500ml distilled water was most effective against the larvae and caused 100% mortality. The larvae died within 30 minutes in this fresh solution of leaves. So, it is determined that P. hysterophoms leaves can be used as larvicidal against Aedes aegypti. It is concluded that as the use of synthetic chemicals are associated with many problems and mosquitoes can also cause resistance against a lot of chemicals therefore, the development of new strategies is necessary. Bio-pesticides are more useful than chemical pesticides because they are less harmful, toxic and cause less environmental pollution. The use of plants as larvicidals agents are very useful and can be used as substitute against pesticides.

2 illus, 15 ref

006516   Alijani B;Ghassemi F (Biology Dep, Jahrom Branch, Islamic Azad Univ, Jahrom, Iran) : Anatomy and histology of the heart in Egyptian fruit bat (Rossetus aegyptiacus). J Ent Zool Stud 2016, 4(6), 50-5.

This study was conducted to obtain more information about bats to help their conservation. Since 5 fruit bats, Rossetus aegyptiacus, weighing 123.04±0.08 g were captured using mist net. They were anesthetized and dissected in animal lab. The removed heart components were measured, fixed, and tissue processing was done. The prepared sections (5 μm) were subjected to Haematoxylin and Eosin stain, and mounted by light microscope. Macroscopic and microscopic features of specimens were examined, and obtained data analyzed by ANOVA test. The results showed that heart was oval and closed in the transparent pericardium. The left and right side of heart were different significantly in volume and wall thickness of chambers. Heart was large and the heart ratio was 1.74%. Abundant fat cells, intercalated discs, and purkinje cells were observed. According to these results, heart in this species is similar to the other mammals and observed variation, duo to the high metabolism and energy requirements for flight.

10 illus, 29 ref

006515   Abd-Algalil F M;Zambare S P (Zoology Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad, Maharashtra) : Molecular identification of forensically important blowflies (diptera: calliphoridae) with a record of a new species from Maharashtra India. J Ent Zool Stud 2017, 5(1), 13-19.

The utility of Cytochrome C Oxidase subunit I gene (COI) DNA barcode for the identification of four species of forensically important blowflies of the genus Chrysomya (Diptera: Calliphoridae), from Maharashtra, India, was tested to confirm the morphological identification. And in molecular identification, fragment of 658 bp of COI gene was sequenced of four specimens. In the genus of Chrysomya, the means of the nucleotide composition frequency distribution were G= 15.66%, C =15.5%, A= 30.55% and T= 38.3%. In the phylogeny report it was shown that Chrysomya saffranea and Chrysomya megacephala are close ancestors and monophyletic which means that they are genetically similar but the morphological appearance of these species can be distinguished. Chrysomya sp. and Chrysomya rufifacies are also monophyletic; both are genetically close with 0.3% distance. And both Chrysomya sp. and Chrysomya rufifacies are slightly similar morphologically, and both are hairy maggot species, but they differ from each other in some of the morphological marks. So we consider the Chrysomya sp. as a new species and named as Chrysomya indiana. The result displays the utility of COI gene as an identification marker, since the nucleotide variations give a clear and powerful difference between species. Four new COI gene sequences have been added to GenBank and out of them one was consider as a new species, therefore, these sequences can be of concern for correct species identification for future workers.

3 illus, 4 tables, 41 ref

005379   Vijayalakshmi S;Murugesan P;Muthuvelu S; Balasubramania T (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: stbcas@nic.in) : Occurrence of epibionts in coastal waters of Tamilnadu. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(7), 920-5.

Present study provides the distributional records of genera of protozoan ciliates namely Epistylis, Vorticella, Veginicola, Acineta and Tokophyra as epibionts got attached on the body surface of zooplankton such as Labidocera pectinata, Euterpina acutifrons, Pontella danae, Pontella securifer, Corycaus danae, Metis jousseaumei, Disticoulus minor, Lucifer hansei, Tortanus forcipes, Oithona rigida, O.brevicornis and Gastropod veliger collected from Tuticorin and Ennore coastal waters. Five genera of ciliates viz., three peritrichids and two suctorians, were identified and classified within the subclass Peritrichia: Epistylis Ehrenberg, 1830 (Epistylidae), Vaginicola Lamarck, 1816 (Vaginicolidae) and Vorticella Linnaeus, 1767 (Vorticellidae); and Suctoria: Acineta Ehrenberg, 1834 (Acinetidae) and Tokophrya Btschli, 1889 (Tokophrydae). Data collected suggest that the epibiont attachment on copepods may have a significant impact on the health of the fish population due to the substantial reduction in the population density of the copepods leading to food scarcity for the fish populations which directly depend on them.

9 illus, 46 ref

005378   Verma A K;Jyotsna Kumari (Zoology Dep, T.P.S. College, Patna) : Effect of herboclin and phosalone on haemato-biochemical profiles in Channa gachua (Ham.). Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 31-4.

Studies on the effect of sublethal concentration of Herboclin (weedicide) and Phosalone (an organo phosphate pesticide) were made to evaluate the changes in some haemato-biochemical parameters in an airbreathing teleostean fish, Channa gachua (Ham.) In control group of fishes the values of serum protein, blood glucose and serum cholesterol were respectively 4.89 ± 0.43, 69.83 ± 2.75 and 144.85 ± 2.18 mg/100 ml. The exposure of fishes to sublethal concentration of both Herboclin and phosalone caused significant decrease of serum protein while such exposures caused significant decrease in serum blood glucose and serum cholesterol. The reason for such changes has been discussed in this paper.

1 table, 23 ref

005377   Suvi S;Shibu S (Zoology Dep, Sree Narayana College, Kollam-691 001, Email: suvisudhakaran83@gmail.com) : Icthyofaunal diversity of a wetland ecosystem. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2016, 36(2), 113-16.

Biodiversity is the variability among living organism of all ecosystem, which is essential for ecosystem stability. The health of the environment decides the diversity and productivity of the system. Wetlands are the most productive ecosystem in the world. This paper documents the diversity of fishes in a wetland ecosystem. The icthyofauna is represented by 21 Species belongs to 7 orders and 13 families and 15 genera. The family Cyprinidae showed maximum individual diversity followed by the order Perciforms with 5 families, each orders Siluriforms, Beloniforms, Mugiliforms. Scorpaeniformes and Tetraodoniformes with 1 family were noted during the study. However the unscientific fishing, overexploitation, habitat modification, reclamation of paddy fields, domestic wastes and human activities, now the fish fauna of this wetland is under threat. Therefore sustainable management and careful monitoring are to be ensured for the conservation of the rich biodiversity of these wetland ecosystem.

1 table, 7 ref

005376   Sukumaran D (Vector Management Div, Defence Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474 002, Email: sukumarand@drde.drdo.in) : Review on use of attractants and traps for host seeking Aedes aegypti mosquitoes. Indian J nat Prod Resour 2016, 7(3), 207-14.

Arthropod vectors like mosquitoes and other blood sucking insects transmit diseases such as malaria, dengue, chikungunya, zika vius. Among the vectors, Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are medically important since they cause huge numbers of morbidity and mortality to human beings. Many blood feeding arthropod vectors locate their hosts using vision and primarily through olfactory cues including carbon dioxide (CO2), lactic acid, ammonia, and carboxylic acids. Release of CO2 from commercial cylinders and dry ice enhances efficiency of the traps. Different traps have been developed to trap mosquitoes and other vectors. They were found effective when attractants were added to CO2. Understanding the cues and synergism of attractants on peripheral olfactory system of mosquitoes, may lead to identification of newer molecules with improved efficiency for host seeking mosquitoes and will be useful for natural control of vectors transmitting dengue and other diseases.

116 ref

005375   Singh H N;Singh B K (Zoology Dep, T.B.D.S. Janta College, Akouna, Goh, Aurangabad-824 203) : Bio-efficacy of some botanicals against the mustard aphis, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 43-7.

Bio-efficacy of Azadirachta indica, Datura afsutosa, Argemone maxicana and Nicotiana tabacum were tested and evaluated against the mustard aphid, Lipaphis erysimi (Kalt.). A. indica and N. tabacum exhibited better and satisfactory pesticidal efficacy at 0.25 to 0.5% concentrations. All these botanicals proved its efficacy in producing physiological stress to pests.

3 tables, 13 ref

005374   Silambarasan K;Sujatha K;Sundaramanickam A; Rajalakshmi E;Senthilkumar P (Zoology Dep, Sir Theagaraya College, Chennai, Email: silambuplankton@hotmail.com) : First record of Indian hand fish Halieutaea indica Annandale & Jenkins, 1910 from Chennai coast, Tamil Nadu, India. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(7), 882-4.

The present paper reports the first record of Indian hand fish Halieutaea indica from Kasimedu fishing harbour, Chennai coast. A systematic account of this species, description and distribution are provided. Its similarity with the species of Halieutaea stellata is also reported.

3 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

005373   Sheema S H;John M V;George P V (Zoology Dep, Mar Ivanios College, Nalanchira, Thiruvananathapuram-695 015, Email: sheemash81@gmail.com) : Prevalence of Echinorhynchus veli (Acanthocephala) infection in relation to the sex of the host Synapturas orientalis. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2016, 36(2), 129-34.

The population dynamics of acanthocephalan parasite, Echinorhynchus veli, infecting the host fish Synaptura orientalis have been studied over a period of two years from 2011 to 2013 through regular sampling of fish from Veli on the south-west coast of Kerala. In Kerala, the Winter season includes the months of January and February, followed by Summer months of March, April and May. The rest of the year is the rainy season, which is divided into the South West Monsoon (June, July, August and September) and the North East Monsoon (October, November and December). In male and female the prevalence of infection was high during the Summer season in the two annual cycles and low in winter and NE monsoon, respectively.

2 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref

005372   Sandilyan S (NO, Centre for Biodiversity Policy and Law, National Biodiversity Authorit, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, Email: ssandilyan@gmail.com) : Occurrence of ornamental fishes: a looming danger for inland fish diversity of India. Curr Sci 2016, 110(11), 2099-104.

India is known for its immense aquatic wealth, in particular freshwater fish resource. But, the ongoing ornamental fish trade and introduction of exotic fishes in the wild pose a serious threat to India's native aquatic diversity. Recent studies from several parts of India have revealed the presence of several ornamental fishes in inland water bodies, including the biologically sensitive areas such as Chalakudy River in the Western Ghats, a biodiversity hotspot which harbours 16 endangered and 4 critically endangered species. So far, 27 ornamental species have been reported in the inland wetlands of India. Among them, 15 have already established a good breeding population and have emerged as a threat to the native species. Awareness among the public, policy makers and researchers about the impacts of ornamental fishes in inland water is the need of the hour. Stringent measures should be taken to monitor the aquarium fish trade and accidental release of exotic species into inland waters. If not, the invasion of ornamental fishes may demolish the inland aquatic diversity of native Indian breeds.

4 illus, 2 tables, 51 ref

005371   Sakthivel A;Selvakumar P;Gopalakrishnan A (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: aquagopal@gmail.com) : Acanthocephala (Acanthocephalus lucii) infection on Caranx ignobilis from Nagapattinam, south east coast of India. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(3), 448-52.

Acanthocephalus lucii is one of the most widely distributed species of acanthocephalans infecting marine fishes throughout India. Adult worm of Acanthocephalus lucii were collected from small intestine of Caranx ignobilis from Nagapattinam. They have group of acanthocephalan adhering in the host gut. Acanthocephalus lucii proboscis through the infected fish intestine about 0.7 - 1.4 mm deep. Maximum 12 Acanthocephalus lucii were collected from the single infected host. Totally 4476 fishes were examined which is out of 2648 host were infected with acanthocephala parasite. Morphology of the worms was cylindrical structure, proboscis hooks were uniformly arranged and smallest posterior end. Length of the Acanthocephalus lucii was up to 2.8 - 6.3 cm and weight was up to 0.012 - 0.068 g. Higher prevalence (63.84%), intensity (10.01%) and abundance (6.39) were observed at post monsoon season. The current study was carried out an occurrence, description of the parasite, prevalence, mean intensity and mean abundance was observed.

8 illus, 18 ref

005370   Sakthivel A;Selvakumar P;Gopalakrishnan A (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: aquagopal@gmail.com) : Morphological and histopathological studies of Acanthocephalus dirus infection in internal organ of Caranx ignobilis. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(3), 453-8.

Adult worms of Acanthocephalus dirus possessed a proboscis which is long, cylindrical with a uniform width measuring up to 0.42±0.02 (0.37-0.48) mm in length and 0.13±0.02 (0.07-0.16) mm in width. Scanning electron microscopy [SEM] photographs were revealed that the proboscis hooks large, uniform size (15 rows of 13 hooks each) with a row of longer hooks at the base. Histopathological study revealed that the fish intestinal tissues totally destroyed the ultrastructure of the infected intestinal tissues, such as mucosal epithelium, stratum granulosum, lamina propria, muscular and serosa of the wall of the intestine forming a tunnel surrounded with collagenous fibers and granulocytes. Inflammation, granular cells formation, connective tissue proliferation was associated with the host immune madulation of the infected intestine.

4 illus, 22 ref

005369   Roy S;Jyotsna Kumari (Zoology Dep, T.P.S College, Patna) : Comparative studies on the effects of agrochemicals on respiratory physiology of Channa punctatus (Bloch). Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 39-41.

The effect of two agrochemicals namely-ammonium sulphate and urea on changes in total oxygen consumption has been studied in a fresh water teleostean fish, Channa punctatus (Bloch). Total oxygen consumption in this fish was 86.54 ± 1.4 cc/kg/h. Treatment of sublethal concentration of both urea & ammonium sulphate for 96hrs exposure caused significant decrease in oxygen consumption as compared to control. The effect was more pronounced in ammonium sulphate as compared to urea exposure. The reason for such changes has been discussed in this paper.

1 table, 15 ref

005368   Rina Kumari;Yasmin R (Zoology Dep, Gaya College, Gaya-823 001) : Studies on the effect of hormones and pharmacological drugs on biochemical constitutents and calorific values in some tissue in Anabas testudineus (Bloch). Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 67-9.

Studies on the effect of hormones (L-thyroxine and hydrocortisone) and a pharmacological drug (Durabolin) on changes in water %, protein % and calorific values (K. cal/g) in muscle, ovary, kidney and liver were made in a fresh water air breathing climbing perch, Anabas testudineus (Bloch). The treatment of L-thyroxine brings about increase in water content (%) and decrease in both protein content and calorific values in above noted tissues while the treatment of both hydrocortisone and Durabolin bring about decrease in water content and increase in protein content and calorific values as compared to control. The reason for such changes have been discussed in this paper.

1 table, 11 ref

005367   Ray D;Mohapatra A (Marine Aquarium & Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Digha-721 428, Email: anil2k7@gmail.com) : First report of Parapercis diplospilus Gomon, 1981: Double spot grubfish (Family: Pinguipedidae) from Indian waters. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(6), 769-71.

Double spot grubfish Parapercis diplospilus Gomon, 1981 is collected from West Bengal coast and reported first time from Indian coastal waters. Parapercis diplospilus Gomon, 1981 is clearly recognized by two prominent black spots on caudal base, the upper one is ocellated and lower one is small and palatine teeth absent.

1 illus, 1 table, 16 rf

005366   Ray D;Mohapatra A (Marine Aquarium & Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Digha-721 428, Email: anil2k7@gmail.com) : First report of two fish species of genus Pterygotrigla (family: Triglidae) from East coast of India. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(6), 752-5.

Two species of fishes from the family Triglidae were collected from Digha Coast, Northern part of Bay of Bengal and identified as Pterygotrigla arabica (Boulenger, 1888) and P. hemisticta (Temminck and Schlegel, 1843). Both species morphologically very similar and previously considered conspecific, but present study describes sufficient interspecific difference among them on the basis of morphological characters. Both the species were first time reported from east coast of India; also this report confirms the occurrence of P. hemisticta from Indian coast.

2 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

005365   Rashmi A;Saxena A K (Zoology Dep, Govt. Raza P.G. College, Rampur-244 901, Email: akscsir@rediffmail.com) : Note on natural population levels of Phthirapteran species on sheep at district Rampur (U.P.), India. J appl nat Sci 2016, 8(4), 1971-4.

A look on the available literature indicated that population characteristics of Phthiraptera on Indian sheep deserved investigation. Two hundred sheep were sampled to reveal the population levels of phthirapteran species on sheep in the district Rampur (U.P.). Three phthirapteran species were recovered (Bovicola ovis Schrank, the face louse, Linognathus ovillus Neumann and the foot louse of sheep, Linognathus pedalis Osborn). The prevalence to Phthiraptera on sheep was 26.5%, (n= 200) during 2007. The difference in the prevalence of Phthiraptera on two sexes of sheep was not found significant at 5% level. Likewise, the difference in the prevalence of phthirapteran species on young, adult and older sheep was also insignificant at 5% level. The prevalence and intensity of infestation of Phthiraptera were found significantly correlated (at 5% level) to mean monthly temperature. The correlation between prevalence and relative humidity was not found significant at 5% level. The present report provides first information on the population characteristics of phthirapteran ectoparasites infesting Indian sheep.

1 illus, 20 ref

005364   Rahul M P;Sadanandan M A (Zoology Dep, Malabar Christian College, Calicut-673 001, Email: rahulmpmcc@gmail.com) : Survey of predatory mites inhabiting vegetable crops in Kozhikode, Kerala. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2016, 36(2), 117-20.

The paper embodies the result of a survey conducted on predatory mite fauna associated with 18 species of vegetable crops belonging to 09 families and 16 genera. The result of the survey yielded 40 species of predatory mites belonging to 19 genera, 05 families of the suborders Mesostigmata, Prostigmata and Astigmata. Of these 04 species belonging to 02 genera are recognized as new to science.

1 table, 4 ref

005363   Pushpa Kumari;Jyotsna Kumari (Zoology Dep, T.P.S. College, Patna) : Evaluation of acute toxicity and behavioural responses in Mystus vittatus (Bloch) exposed to lindane. Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 21-4.

The effect of an organochlorine pesticide, lindane at different time intervals of 24, 48, 72 and 96 hrs was studied on the toxicity (LC50 Values), opecular beatings and behavioural response in a fresh water fish, Mystus vittatus (Bloch). The response of the fish towards toxicity was grossly dependent on concentration and length of exposure. The mean values of opercular beatings decreased with increasing concentration of lindane. The reason for such changes have been discussed in this paper.

2 tables, 17 ref

005362   Poonam Kumari;Ramashankar K (Zoology Dep, B.N.M. Univ, Madhepura) : Effect of arsenic on free amino acid levels in fresh water fish Cirrhinus mrigala (Ham.). Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 83-6.

The water pollution is a major problem in modern life. Almost all the heavy metals are toxic at higher concentrations and some are lethal even at a very low concentration. Among the heavy metals, arsenic forms a significant contribution to pesticides and industrial enffluents released into different water bodies. Pesticides used in excessive amount have caused potential health hazards not only to human but a/so to all of aquatic lives. It produces a variety of toxic effects in aquatic life including fishes. The freshwater fish Cirrhinus mrigala treated with two sublethal concentration of arsenic, have revealed a significant increase in the am/no acid level in liver and tissues throughout the period of 28th days exposure. The present investigation has been designed to study the effect of total free amino acids in the selected tissues of C. mrigala. The effect might be due to intensive proteolysis in the respective tissues.

1 table, 11 ref

005361   Podeti K R;Benarjee G (Fisheries Research Laboratory, Zoology Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal, 506 009, Email: gbgass@yahoo.co.in) : Studies on histological and histopathological mycosis variations of Channa striatus (Bloch) found infected with Asperigillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger spp. caused eus charecterstics. Int J pharm Sci Res 2016, 7(2), 660-5.

The present investigation deals with the histological and histopathological altarations in Channa striatus infected with fungi Aspergillus fumigates and Aspergillus niger. Fresh water murrels were collected from Dharmasagar and Hasanparthy lakes and Local fish markets of Warangal district. This is due to the nature of their habitats as many native species of fish suffer from living beneath turbid water. Among the recent emerging infection diseases responsible for severe population declines in plant and animal taxa, fungal and fungi-like microbes have emerged as significant contributors. Isolated fungi from infected fish bodies were identified as Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. Histopathologically different kinds of destructions were observed in Skin, Muscles, Gills and Liver of the infected fish. Histopathological observations of stained sections of infected fishes revealed pathological lesions of varying severity in studied organs including skin (exhibits compeletely lost epidermis, destiended cells, many of cells lost their cytoplasm and nuclei. Necrotized muscular layer with the formation of granulomas and encysted conidiophores), gills ( hyperplasia and hyperplasia of lamellar epithelium, fusion of lamellae, rod like structures of secondary gill lamellae, cystic- like lesions) and liver ( hypermia and haemorrhage, bile duct hyperplasia, dialated sinuses, interstitial oedema, monocellular necrosis, nuclear degeneration and hypertrophy in hepatocytes). The present study is aimed to assess the histopathological impact of fungal infection of an air breathing freshwater teleost C. striatus. Penetrating fungal hyphae were observed in skin and complete muscles were observed with formation of mycotic fibrillar granulomas. This is concluded that the mycosis variations in certain histological and histopathologically, exerted destructive effects on skin, gills and liver of Channa striatus.

32 ref

005360   Paulraj M G;Ignacimuthu S;Reegan A D (Entomology Research Institute, Loyola College, Chennai-600 034, Email: gabriel_paulraj@yahoo.com) : Gene silencing and gene drive in dengue vector control. Indian J nat Prod Resour 2016, 7(3), 193-200.

Vector-borne diseases are the most feared diseases throughout the world. Mosquitoes are the prime human disease vectors as they are responsible for nearly one million human deaths every year. So they are declared as the most dangerous insects to mankind. Aedes aegypti and Ae. albopictus are the most significant mosquito species, because of their role in transmitting dengue virus. These blood feeding ectoparasites of man and other vertebrates have developed excellent adaptations to survive and multiply in and around human habitations. Chemical-based mosquito control method does not give good results due to rapid development of pesticide resistance in mosquitoes. The past four decades have witnessed the development of several alternate mosquito control methods. Genetic control technologies have been recently developed as efficient and ecofriendly methods. Inundate release of genetically modified mosquitoes with lethal or pathogen-resistant genes for population reduction is a recent technology in mosquito control programme. Recent developments in molecular and genome editing technologies have made it easy to produce thousands of transgenic mosquitoes for field release. The present review highlights various scientific reports and research findings on gene silencing and gene drive techniques in dengue mosquito control.

1 table, 94 ref

005359   Paray B A;Al-Sadoon M K (Zoology Dep, College of Science, King Saud Univ, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia, Email: bparay@ksu.edu.sa) : Utilization of organic manure for culture of cladocerans, Daphnia carinata, Ceriodaphina carnuta and copepod, Thermocyclops decipiens under laboratory conditions. Indian J Geomar Sci 2016, 45(3), 399-404.

Mass culture of the cladocerans (Daphnia carinata and Ceriodaphina carnuta) and copepod (Thermocyclops decipiens) was carried out using chicken manure (500ppt) in the medium. The study lasted for twenty-one (21) days. Result showed that total number of individuals produced was highest in C. carnuta culture (10725 ± 846) on 18th day of inoculum using chicken manure. This was significantly different (P<60>0.05) from D. carinata and T. decipiens cultures. Maximum density of D. carinata (4660 ± 523) and T. decipiens (3706 ± 192) was recorded on 9th and 15th day respectively. pH ranged from 6.2-7.5, 6.5-7.8 and 6.0-7.5 in first, second and third treatments respectively. Optimum density was found when dissolved oxygen level ranged between 4.63-6.43mg/l, 4.08-5.9mg/l and 3.46-5.65mg/l in first, second and third treatments respectively. This study suggests that chicken manure is one of the ideal media for use in zooplankton culture to feed fish larvae.

2 illus, 27 ref

005358   Onkar A A (NO, D.S. College, Katihar) : Studies on zooplankton community of Kali Kosi river near Katihar, Bihar. Proc Zool Soc India 2016, 15(1), 35-8.

19 species belonging to Protozoa, Cladocera, Ostracoda, Copepoda and Rotifera were identified from Kali Kosi river water near Katihar of Bihar. The abundance of Zooplankton and their systematic account are discussed.

1 table, 21 ref

005357   Nagarajalakshmi P;Anitha Kumari S (Zoology Dep, Univ College for Women, Koti, Hyderabad-500 035, Email: anitha_shnde2001@yahoo.com) : Effect of thermal stress on haematological parameters of cockroach, Periplaneta americana. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2016, 36(2), 161-6.

The present study was undertaken to study the effect of thermal stress on the haemogram (HV, THC and DHC) of the adult cockroach Periplaneta americana. The results revealed that the cockroaches exposed to 40°C for 12 hours showed a drastic increase in THC whereas the HV decreased significantly. In contrast cold stress for 12 hours caused a significant reduction in THC with no significant difference in HV. Further the results on DHC indicated significant variation in the proportion of different haemocytes. While plasmatocytes percentage (%) increased in heat exposed cockroaches, a significant reduction in granulocytes was recorded. In cold stress, plasmatocytes showed a significant decline with a little increase in granulocyte count which was not statistically significant. However no significant differences were observed in the proportion of prohaemocytes, spherulocytes and cystocytes when compared to control cockroaches maintained at 27±C.

2 tables, 35 ref