014454   Bhatt H;Sharma P;Nussbaum M A (Family Resource Management Dep, G.B. Pant Univ of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 153, Email: hemabhatt2000@fulbrightmail.org) : Slip, trip and falls among women of different age groups: a case study from the Northern hills of India. J appl nat Sci 2017, 9(1), 614-20.

Slip, trip and falls continue to be significant occupational safety concern, and causes of occupational injuries and fatalities in the workplace and daily activities. This paper shows the results of a comparative study done in the hill region of India. It explored the slip, trip and fall injuries in terms of activities leading to them and impact o f such injuries among the hill women of different age groups: young adults, middle aged and elderly. It was found that most of the slip, trip and falls were faced during the activity of carrying fodder (52.78%), carrying firewood (49.44%), collecting fodder (47.78%), collecting firewood (43.89%) and collecting dung (40.56%). Most of the slip acci-dents were reported by elderly age group as compared to middle aged and young adults. Majority of the respond-ents got hurt their back and/or they suffered from back pain (76.67%), faced general pain (72.22%) and fractures (45.00%). Most of the respondents reported the possible perceived reason for slip, trip and falls as slippery terrain (82.78%), followed by 80.00% of respondents who reported carrying excess load as the major reason. Other reasons reported were being rushed at work (77.77%), awkward or unusual working posture (76.66%).This study brings in light the dangerous working conditions of hill women, who often suffers from many injuries including slip, trip and falls even just for meeting her daily family needs such as water, fuel, fodder.

6 illus, 3 tables, 43 ref

011364   Poddubnaya I V;Vasiliev A A;Guseva Y A;Zimens Y N;Kuznetsov M Y (Saratov state Agrarian Univ named after N.I. Vavilov, Russian Federation, 410012, Saratov, Teatralnaya Ploschad 1) : Comparehensive assessment of the impact of the additive - 383 - "Abuioeotude with iodine" on the growth, development and marketable quality of the lena sturgeon grown in cages. Biosci Biotechnol Res Asia 2016, 13(3), 1547-53.

This paper examines the use of a feed additive "Abiopeptide" in a chemical bonds with the organic iodine in the feeding of the Lena` sturgeon. Was carried out a technology of adding of iodinated feed additive "Abiopeptide" into the feed fed with the purpose of studying the effects of iodine on the productivity and functional status of the fry of the Lena` sturgeon. Calculation of economic efficiency of a fish farming of the Lena` sturgeon showed that during the implementation of fish was obtained the highest profit in the group, which was additionally fed with the iodine at a dose of 200 æcg in 1 ml per 1 kg of ichthyomass. This indicates the profitability of fish production using a fish feeding "Abiopeptide with iodine".

7 tables, 11 ref

011363   Malik M;Vinay D;Pandey K (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Govind Ballabh Pant Univ of Agriculture and T, Pantnagar-263 153, Email: deepasharma1416@rediffmail.com) : Assessment of change in cervical and shoulder posture due to carriage of different weight of backpack. J appl nat Sci 2017, 9(2), 1272-81.

Present experimental research was planned to measure the percentage change in angle of cervical and shoulder posture of students due to carriage of different weights of backpack. For the above purpose total 30 students (15 boys and 15 girls) from the CBSE affiliated school of Meerut were selected by using the random and purposive sampling method. All the students were from the 7th class and belonged to the age group of 10-13 years. To measure the percentage change in cervical and spinal angle in terms of extension, flexion and range of motion (ROM), six experimental conditions were planned. These experimental conditions were as (1) change in cervical and spinal region in unloaded state without backpack, (2) with backpack on right shoulder, (3) with backpack on the both shoulder, (4) with backpack of 10% reference body weight, (5) with backpack of 15% reference body weight and (6) with backpack of 20% reference body weight. These experiments were conducted by using by using inclinometer (Dualar IQ). Furthermore results were analyzed by using the mean, standard deviation (SD), range and ANOVA test.In result, it was found that the value of cervical and spinal region angles in static condition was increased with increase in weight of back pack i.e. 10%, 15% and 20% of reference body weight in the girls and boys. Whereas, the angle of deviation of spinal and cervical region especially flexion and extension of boys and girls in dynamic condition was found to be decreasing with increase in 10%, 15% and 20% body weight of backpack. Based on current study results, a schoolbag should not be more than 5% or body weight among the girl students and 10% of body weight among boy students. Otherwise, it will be a risk factor for postural problems either immediately or during adulthood that needs to be cured urgently.

11 tables, 19 ref

010336   Verma M;Deodiya S;Ghadei K (Home Science Dep, VKM, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, Email: minibhu7@gmail.com) : Impact of SHGS on socio-economic empowerment of rural women. Indian J soc Res 2016, 57(4), 533-42.

Empowerment is process, which helps people to gain control of their lives through raising awareness, taking action and working in order to exercise greater control. Empowerment is the feeling that activates the psychological energy to accomplish one's goals. Women empowerment refers to increasing the spiritual, political, social and economic strength of the women. It often involves developing confidence in their own capacity. Empowering women contributes to social development. Economic progress in any country whether developed or under developed could be achieved through social development. Microfinance empowers women through changes in household choices, and bargaining power, by increasing overall resources, affecting the returns on human capital and influencing the attributes and norms. SHG formation and frequent group meetings give women an opportunity to break out of the daily routine and discuss their similar burdens, share their problems, giving them the opportunity to analyze whether the root couses go beyond individual fault or responsibility.

31 ref

010335   Sidan V N;Ekale J V;Pisure B L (Extension Eductaion Dep, VNMKV, Parbhani, Maharashtra, Email: vijaysidam165@gmail.com) : Cultural, intellectual and psychological development of tribal people in Marathwada region. Indian J soc Res 2016, 57(4), 473-9.

The study was conducted in Nanded and Hingoli districts in Maraghwada region of Maharashtra State. From each district, three talukas were randomly selected. From each taluka, three villages were selected randomly by lottery method. From each village 10 tribal peoples were selected randomly. Thus, the final sample comprised of 180 respondents. The main objective of the study was to assess the Cultural, Intellectual And Psychological Development Of Tribal People in Marathwada Region. The Ex-pose facto research design was used for the study. The data were collected by visiting the tribal people personally with the help of structured interview schedule. The statistical methods and tests such as frequency, percentage, mean, standard deviation, co-efficient of correlation and multiple regressions were used for the analysis of data. Cultural development was revealed that (57.23%) of the respondents has medium level of cultural development followed by 36.11 per cent of them had low level of cultural development. Only 6.66 per cent of the tribal people had high level of the cultural development. It is seem from that majority 43.44 per cent of the respondents were low level of intellectual development and 41.66 per cent of the respondents were having medium level intellectual development only 15.00 per cent of the respondents had high intellectual development category. Psychological development revealed that majority (51.66%) of the respondents had medium level of psychological development followed by 39.46 per cent of respondents had low and 8.88 per cent had high level of psychological development.

4 tables, 11 ref

010334   Patil K;Chimmad B (All-Indian Coordinated Research Project on Wheat and Barley, Rural Home Science College, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad-580 005, Email: kavita.kotagi@gmail.com) : Physical, functional, nutrient and sensory characteristics of ready to eat flakes of little millet (Panicum miliare L.). Green Fmg 2016, 7(3), 725-8.

Conventional batch processing method was employed to prepare Ready to eat (RTE) flakes from little millet. The millet flakes were pearl white (L= 86.73), bigger in size and were crisp requiring 2481g force to fracture compared to commercially processed corn flakes. The millet flakes exhibited water absorption index, water solubility index and oil absorption index of 5.12, 5.05 and 4.00 g/ml, respectively. RTE flakes contained 7.45g protein, 0.72g ash, 0.14g fat, 24.10g dietary fiber, 61.42mg iron and zero trans fats. In vitro protein digestibility of the RTE flakes was 74.16 per cent whereas starch digestibility was 92.20 per cent. The bioavailable iron was 0.35 per cent in RTE flakes.

6 tables, 37 ref

009267   Salma S;Ramakrishnan L (Nutrition and Dietetics Dep, PSG College of Arts and Science, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Study on most frequently consumed spices in households and the consumer's knowledge and preferences to organic spices in Coimbatore district, Tamil Nadus, India. Int J herb Med 2017, 5(3), 49-52.

Spices are considered to be the heart of Indian cooking. Spices are known as one of the most remarkable ingredients for its indigenous flavour, nutritional value and medicinal properties. The present study is aimed to identify the most frequently consumed spices at households and to assess the consumer knowledge and perception about organic spices in Coimbatore. The survey method using questionnaire was carried out to elicit the required information from 100 Household women respondents of different areas in Coimbatore district. The collected data was analysed using simple techniques such as descriptive statistics, Cross tabulation and Chi-square test using SPSS19.0. Eleven out of 109 spices were found to be most frequently consumed by more than 75% of households which include Cumin seeds, Mustard, Garlic and Turmeric. Results indicated that the consumers have limited knowledge about the organic food/spices. In comparison with conventionally grown foods, consumers hold positive attitudes towards organic foods. Statistical analysis revealed that monthly household income and education levels influence consumer perception on organic spice usage, trust credentials and cost persuasion. However, perceptions were not affected by age, occupation, education levels and monthly household income with respect to belief in medicinal properties. The findings indicated that only the educated consumer's exhibit interest in using organic spices for the betterment of their health, as they are free from chemicals and pesticides. It is mandatory to create awareness among the consumers towards Organic foods/Spices which are more advantageous to humans as well as the environment.

1 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

009266   Dubey P;Mishra S (School for Home Sciences, Bahasaheb Bhimaro Ambedkar Univ, Vidya Vihar, Lucknow) : Review on diabetes and okra (Abelmoschus esculents). J med Pl Stud 2017, 5(3), 23-6.

Diabetes mellitus is the most common endocrine disorder it is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in developed countries, and is gradually emerging as an important health problem in developing countries. In the last few years there has been an rapid growth in the field of herbal medicine these medicine are gaining popularity both in developing and developed countries because of their natural and less side effects. Okra, Abelmoschus esculentus L. (Moench) is an important vegetable crop. This plant is popular and has been acclaimed to have various health benefits which include anti-diabetic properties.

39 ref

009265   Bhagya Lakshmi N;Jessie Suneetha W;Maheswari K U;Anila Kumari B;Prabhakar B N (Foods & Nutrition Dep, Post Graduate & Research Centre, Professor Jayashankar Telangana State, Rajendranagar, Hyderabad, Telangana) : Antioxidant potential of rice bran and vegetable waste powders incorporated extrudates. Pharma Innovation 2017, 6(4), 12-16.

Now-a-days an increased amount of attention is focused on the development of value added foods that promote well-being and improve health. The increasing of awareness amongst consumers is placing greater demand on functional foods with maximum health benefits. The increased consumption of antioxidants from dietary sources like fruits and vegetables do contribute to better quality of life by delaying the onset and decreasing the risk of degenerative diseases associated with life style changes and aging. The results showed that stabilized rice bran and control with stabilised rice bran extrudate had almost all phytochemicals except phlobatinins and quinines. Total phenolic content showed maximum percent inhibition for stabilised rice bran at 71.51% and for cauliflower trimmings powder at 71.52% in scavenging the free radicals by DPPH method using methanol extracts. The stabilized rice bran extract had significantly higher (p<60>0.05) antioxidant potential with IC50 of 6.94 mg/ml.

2 illus, 3 tables, 25 ref

008236   Savita Kumari;Kishtwaria J (Family Resource Management Dep, CSK Himachal Pradesh Krishi Vishvavidyalaya, Palampur-176 062, Email: jrozydhiman@gmail.com) : Study on fuel consumption pattern of commercial fuels of rural and urban in Kangra district (H.P.). Int J Trop Agric 2016, 34(2), 261-4.

Energy has been termed as the fuel of economic progress. Man has to spend energy in one form or the other to meet the basic needs of life. It is prime factor for gaining all physical and non- tangible assets for human well being. It plays an important role in the all round development of a country. The requirements of household energy in India are met from commercial sources like coal, oil, electricity and gas as well as non-commercial energy sources like fuel wood, agricultural, forest waste, animal dung and human resources. About 668 million or around (70%) of the Indians in 6.4 lakh villages live in rural areas and continue to use animal dung, agricultural waste and fuel wood as fuel for cooking. The thermal energy efficiency of these traditional sources is very low, that is 15 per cent. Seventy five per cent of rural household depend on firewood for cooking and 9 per cent each on, dung cakes and L.P.G respectively as against 22 per cent of urban household using firewood for cooking, a another 10 per cent on kerosene and about 57 per cent on L.P.G. In the present study various types of fuels used by the respondent's cent percent respondents from the rural areas used gas kerosene on the fuels per month. In urban area, cent per cent respondents used gas, charcoal and kerosene used very few.

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

007217   Kochar G;Kaur S (Home Science Extension and Communication Management Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004) : Participation of women in functioning of women dairy co-operatives societies. Indian J soc Res 2016, 57(3), 349-60.

Milk has long been recognized as the most complete single food available in nature for the maintenance of health and body growth. Development of dairying in India is not only to increase the milk production but also to provide assured employment to the rural people. Dairying fits most appropriately in the country's development programme for increasing food production, rural employment and equitable distribution of income. The role played by women in dairy farming is worthy enough to compare with their male counterparts. In commercial dairy farming, women seem to monopolise almost all the dairy operations, however their participation is less only in health care aspects of dairy animals. Involvement of women in livestock production is a long standing tradition. Women contribute more than 70 per cent to the labour requirements. Although the involvement and participation of women folk in dairy is high but their efforts are neither recognized nor rewarded. The government of India realized these disparities and potential of women and initiated women dairy co-operative societies (WDCS) through the various State Dairy Cooperative Federations in the country. Sarasis an example of successful women dairy co-operative society at Jaipur in Rajasthan. In Punjab a large number of women dairy co-operative societies are associated with MILKFED. The present study investigated the Participation of members in functioning of women dairy co-operative societies was studied with their involvement in various activities such as cattle shed management, management of feed, record keeping, care of neo-natal and essential dairy management practices. A sample of 150 members was selected through proportionate random, sampling technique. Thus the study was carried out on 40 WDCS and 150 members of Women Dairy Cooperative Societies. The data were collected with the help of interview schedule. Majority of the respondents reported that participation of members of WDCS in dairy management practices was not so much high.

6 tables, 7 ref

005111   Pawar P R;Bhosale A M;Pawar V A (S.N. Arts, D.J. Malpani Commerce and B.N. Sarda Science College, Sangamner, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, Email: pjbhangare@gmail.com) : Health benefits and medicinal uses of tomato. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(2), 243-6.

Tomato is an important vegetable crop grown all over the world. Tomato is located with nutrients which are beneficial to the human health. Epidemiological studies indicate that diet rich in tomatoes reduces risk of various diseases and illness. Serum and tissue lycopene level is inversely related to the risk of chronic diseases such as cancer and cardiovascular diseases. People are not aware about the various important health benefits and medicinal uses associated with tomatoes. This review highlights the different health related aspects of tomato and insists the use of tomatoes in regular diet.

10 ref

005110   Barthakur B;Sadaf A (NO, Regional Institute of Education, Ajmer, Rajasthan, Email: barthakur1@gmail.com) : Development of sugar incorporated snacks fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf powder. Adv Pl Sci 2016, 29(2), 257-8.

The present paper deals with the development of sugar incorporated snacks fortified with Moringa oleifera leaf powder. Food products with 5% Moringa oleifera powder are readily acceptable and can be easily incorporated in other food products as well.

5 ref

004116   Bordoloi R;Dora K C;Biswas S;Sarkar S; Choudhury S;Ghorai T;Chavan R R (Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Assam Agricultural Univ, Karimganj, Email: tanushrighorai@gmail.com) : Effect of cooking methods on physico-chemical characteristics of fish. J expl Zool 2016, 19(1), 1365-9.

Fish serves as a principal source of dietary protein and usually cooked in different way before consumption. Heat treatment have both beneficial and detrimental effect which depends on temperature, method of heating, time of heating as well as type and nature of the product heated. In the present study three fish species namely Silver carp, Asian sea bass and Croaker were heat treated with different methods i.e. Microwave (T1), Grill (T2), Baked (T3), Fried (T4), Boiled (T5) and steam cooking (T6). It was observed that cooking characteristics of fish differs depending on type of heat treatment. The highest cooking loss (p<60>0.05) was observed during microwave cooking (T1) in Silver carp (64.99±1.87%) and frying (T4) in Asian sea bass (57.99±1.98%) and Croaker (69.50±2.10%) fillets. Highest cooking yield (p<60>0.05) was observed in steamed (T6) followed by boiled (T5) samples. Shrinkage was found highest in microwave cooking (T1) with significantly higher (p<60>0.05) values of 28.33±1.52 and 25.91±2.22% for Silver carp and Croaker fillets. Moisture retention was highest (p<60>0.05) in steamed (T6) Silver carp (89.92±2.43%), and lower in fried (T4) Croaker fillets (21.01±1.58). The highest retention of fat (p<60>0.05) in was observed in fried (T4) Silver carp (523.71±4.57) fillets. Microwave cooked (T1) samples caused highest protein gain. Heat treatment caused significant increase (p<60>0.05) of energy value, where fried (T4) samples showed highest value in Silver carp (291.41±1.21 kcal/100g) and Croaker (273.74±1.62 kcal/100g) fillets and microwave cooking (T1) in Asian sea bass (242.89±1.45 kcal/100g) fillets.

6 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

003079   Banyal R S;Sanjeev Kumar (Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Jodhpur-342 005) : First record of the ichthyofaunal diversity of kanteli stream Kalisindh river, district Jhalawar, Rajasthan. Bionotes 2016, 18(1), 26.

6 ref

002037   Vasan A;Boora P;Khetarpaul N (Foods and Nutrition Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004, Email: alkavasan@yahoo.com) : Nutritional evaluation of barley genotypes. Ann Agri Bio Res 2015, 20(2), 303-5.

Barley has been an important food source in many parts of the world. In the present study, four barley genotypes, namely, BH-942, BH-952, BH-933 and BH-946 were investigated for their nutritional composition. Among the barley genotypes, maximum amount of crude protein, crude fiber and ash content was observed in BH-942 genotype. Value of crude fat was found to be higher in BH-946 genotype. Likewise, total soluble sugar and non-reducing sugar contents were also observed to be higher in BH-946 genotype when compared to other barley genotypes. However, starch content was maximum in BH-952 genotype and minimum in BH-946. Maximum amount of total, soluble and insoluble dietary fiber content was observed in BH-933 genotype followed by BH-946, BH-952 and BH-942. These results suggest that these barley genotypes can be used as functional ingredient to develop low cost heath promoting food products.

3 tables, 15 ref

002036   Sabharwal K;Urmila Devi;Panwar R D (DES Home Science, CCSHAU Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Jind-126 102, Email: kantasab@rediffmail.com) : Training needs of rural women in home science and allied activities. Ann Agri Bio Res 2015, 20(2), 261-4.

Training provides a systematic knowledge and skills which in turn helps the trainees to function effectively and efficiently. Training consists largely of well organized opportunities for participants to acquire necessary understanding and skill. Considering these facts, the study was conducted in various blocks of Jind district of Haryana with objectives to ascertain the components of training need in household activities for rural women. Thus, a total of 300 rural women respondents were finally selected for data collection. The selected respondents were personally interviewed to ascertain training needs of rural women. The findings revealed that the farm women perceived high level of training need in embellishment of clothes (mean score 2.64), cutting and tailoring (2.61), fruits and vegetable preservation (2.54), drudgery reduction technology (2.51) and improved grain storage (2.31). Women also expressed dire need of trainings on income generating activities like bakery, papad and wadi making. On the other hand, women have low perception or no need of training in different activities like irrigation application, weed control management, storage and marketing of products and they are not interested in getting training in these areas.

2 tables, 12 ref

002035   Rana N;Dahiya S (Foods and Nutrition Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004, Email: neha28rana@gmail.com ) : Physico-chemical properties of millet based composite flour. Ann Agri Bio Res 2015, 20(2), 312-14.

This work aims at examining the physico-chemical properties of different grains (pearl millet, sorghum, mungbean and marwa leaves), flours and composite flour. Composite flours produce was subjected to physical and chemical properties analyses. The 1000-grain weight content, hydration capacity, seed density and seed volume of different grains were in the range of 8.70r36.00,0.020-0.081 g/seed, 0.55-1.10 ml/seed, 38.00-41.33 g/ml and 0.04-0.06 g/ml. There was significant difference (P<60>0.05) recorded for sedimentation value (ml) and water absorption capacity (g/g) between pearl millet, sorghum and mungbean flours. Type-I and Type-V composite flour had significantly higher values for sedimentation. Further, water absorption capacity was significantly higher for Type-II composite flour and in case of marwa leaves supplemented composite flours of Type-FV and Type-VI showed similar values.

4 tables, 15 ref

002034   Narwal N;Dahiya S (Foods and Nutrition Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004, Email: nutannarwal@gmail.com ) : Physico-chemical properties of maize-oat-tulsi leaves and their blend flour in different ratios. Ann Agri Bio Res 2015, 20(2), 298-302.

This study aims at examining the physico-chemical properties of grains and their blend flours-the blend flour prepared with maize, oat and tulsi leaves. Six types of blend flour were prepared. Type-1, Type-II, Type-Ill blend flour was prepared from maize : oat in ratib 85 : 15, 70 : 30 and 55 : 45 (W/W); Type-IV, Type-V and Type-VI blend flour was prepared from maize : oat : tulsi in ratio of 80 : 15 : 5, 65 : 30 : 5 and 50 : 45 : 5 (WAV). Blend flour was subjected to physico-chemical properties i. e. water absorption capacity and sedimentation value. Moisture, 1000-grain weight, grain hardness, hydration capacity, swelling capacity, seed density and seed volume of maize and oat grains were 9.2 to 8.99%, 243 to 33.46 g, 12.21 to 8.84 kg/grain, 0.11 to 0.09 g/seed, 0.92 to 1.25 ml/seed, 42.96 to 49.33 g/ml and 0.23 to 0.08 g/ml, respectively. Swelling and seed density were significantly higher in oat grain as compared to maize. Sedimentation value was higher in oat (12.26 ml) as compared to maize and water absorption capacity was maximum in maize (2.0 g/g). There was significant difference (P<62>0.05) recorded for water absorption capacity and sedimentation value of different blend flours with or without addition of tulsi leaves. Sedimentation value was higher in maize-oat and maize-oat-tulsi (85 : 15 and 80 : 15:5) ratio which decreased significantly on increasing the level of supplementation of oat flour, whereas water absorption capacity increased on increasing the level of supplementation of oat flour.

4 tables, 33 ref

002033   Johari A;Arora S;Potaliya M;Kawatra A (Foods and Nutrition Dep, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar-125 004, Email: johariaanchal25@gmail.com) : Role of lentil (Lens culinaris L.) in human health and nutrition. Ann Agri Bio Res 2015, 20(2), 291-4.

Humans have known lentil (Lens culinaris L.) since the dawn of civilization. The current work is a review of lentil composition, nutritional value and health benefits. The article addresses major proteins identified in lentil and their bioactive peptides, including lectins, defensins and protease inhibitors. In addition, this review discusses the complex carbohydrate fractions in lentil, particularly the resistant starches, oligosaccharides and dietary fibers with emphasis on their biomedical properties. Also, the current review discusses minerals and vitamins as well as the non-nutritive bioactive phytochemicals of lentil which add to the promising potential for clinical applications in the management and prophylaxis of several chronic human illnesses.

10 ref

002032   Dupare B U;Billore S D;Sharma P;Verma S K (NO, ICAR-Indian Institute of Soybean Research, Indore-452 001, Email: budupare@rediffmail.com) : Domestic utilization of soybean based food preparations in rural area: an action research. Soybean Res 2016, 14(1), 46-51.

The present study was aimed at assessing the impact of efforts made by ICAR- IISR for popularization of processing techniques of various soybean based food preparations to the doorstep of rural housewives of Madhya Pradesh. By studying their daily food intake pattern, it was explored whether the rural people are making use of any of the soybean based food preparations in their daily use. A well designed questionnaire consisting of semi-structured questions on various aspects of knowledge gained/spread and its retention among the trained housewives was formulated and pre-tested before the data collection. A sample for this study consisted of 200 respondents belonging to villages where training-cum-demonstration programmes were conducted during past 10 years. It was observed that majority of the respondent families had awareness on the presence of quality protein, essential vitamins and minerals in soybean food and beneficial to human health. Further, majority of them were found to use soy nuggets (soy bari) as tlie most preferred soy products which they are using on regular basis in the rural areas. Interestingly, out of different soy products, nearly 22 per cent of the respondent families were found to have liking for soy pakora which is their most preferred soy product because of its crispy nature. However, the respondents from semi-urban area (adjacent to Indore city) are found to utilize tofu (soy paneer) which they are consuming on regular basis. Only 12 per cent of the respondent families are utilizing soybean for fortification with wheat flour but without following proper processing techniques. A small proportion of respondent families (7.5 %) are found making use of fried soy nuts (snack) regularly as well as during festive seasons.

2 tables, 11 ref

000993   Singh R K;Patha S;Mishra P K;Tiwari D K; Shrivastava P (Horticulture Dep, (Fruit & Fruit Technology) Bihar Agricultural Univ, Sabour-813 210, Email: ravi11deep@gmail.com) : Evaluation of soaking treatments for preparation of osmo-dehydrated guava slices. Green Fmg 2016, 7(1), 182-6.

The present trial was conducted during the year 2012-13 in post-harvest laboratory of Department of Horticulture, Narendra Deva University of Agriculture and Technology, Kumarganj, Faizabad, Uttar Pradesh, to evaluate the effect of different soaking treatments, viz., 10% honey solution, 0.5% solution of sodium metabisulphite, 0.5% ascorbic acid solution and 0.5% citric acid solution, for preparation of osmo-dehydrated guava slices (candy). Results obtained after six months storage study revealed that 0.5 per cent sodium metabisulphite solution was best soaking treatment for guava candy in terms of highest TSS, total sugars, total phenols content, retention of the appreciable amount of ascorbic acid and least browning.

6 tables, 32 ref

024321   Yella R;Naveen Kumar;Vemula S R;Nagalla B; Gavaravarapu S M (NO, National Institute of Nutrition, Jamai-Osmania P.O., Hyderabad-500 007, Email: gmsubbarao@yahoo.com) : Food safety in domestic refrigerators - a mixed methods study to identify key messages for promoting safe storage practices among households. Indian J Nutr Diet 2016, 53(1), 1-14.

Significant proportion of foodborne diseases arise from practices in home kitchens. Not only how food is handled but also how it is stored determines its safety. The current study aimed to assess knowledge and practices of households related to storage of foods in refrigerator and identify key messages to promote safe storage practices. A cross-sectional study employing mixed methods (combination of quantitative and qualitative methods) was carried out among households who owned refrigerators. Quantitative data on knowledge and practices were collected from women (n=120) who were responsible for cooking and storing foods at household level using a pretested questionnaire and qualitative data on status of the refrigerators was collected using non-participant observation technique. Leftover foods stored in refrigerators for <62>24h were collected from a sub-sample (n=18) to assess the presence of food pathogens. Over 34.2% preserved leftover non-vegetarian foods at room temperature. About 65% stored leftover foods in refrigerators for <62>24h. Only 10% cleaned the refrigerator every week and about 20% had knowledge of the working temperature of the refrigerators. There was a significant association (P<60>0.05) between education and knowledge as well as practices among households. Salmonella spp. (44.4%), E. coli (27.7%), fecal coliforms (11.1%) and S. aureus (5.5%) were detected in refrigerated leftover foods. Observational studies revealed some risky storage behaviors. Most of the households are not aware of the safe storage and refrigeration practices. The detected foodborne pathogens in refrigerated leftover food samples indicate a potential hazard in refrigerated foods. The study identified five key messages for food safety communication.

4 tables, 14 ref

024320   Vishwakarma V;Bishnoi I (Home Science Extension and Communication Management Dep, College of Ho, Maharana Pratao Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan, Email: vandana27.skn@gmail.com) : Study on gender inequality and eduction. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 466-70.

Many developing countries including India have displayed gender inequality in education, employment and health. The gender gap in education can be understood in the overall context of the position that women occupy in society. The status of women in India is generally low. They are one of the disadvantaged sections of the society. The disparity between the enrolment of girls and boys has been lessening in the urban areas; the gap between their enrolments is still very wide specially in rural areas. The reasons for this are both economic and social. This study was conducted in Saidpur village of Kurebhar block of Sultanpur district of Uttar Pradesh. For the selection of respondents random sampling was used and percentage was calculated. The objective of this study was to find out the reasons behind gender bias in education. Most of the respondents were not in favor of girl's education due to low socio-economic status and they also thought that girl's education is not necessary.

8 tables, 5 ref

024319   Takhellambam R D;Chimmad B V (Food Science and Nutrition Dep, College of Rural Home Science, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad, Karnataka, Email: ranjitadv5@gmail.com) : Study on physico-functional and nutrient composition of ready-to-cook (RTC) millet flakes. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 327-31.

Minor millets viz., little millet (Panicum miliare), proso millet (Panicum miliaceum), barnyard millet (Echinochloa frumentacea), ragi (Elesine coracana) were processed into Ready-To-Cook (RTC) millet flakes and evaluated for physico-functional and nutrient composition. Variation in physico-functional and nutrient composition were observed among the flakes. The RTC flakes of minor millets were smaller in size and density but more fragile and crisp than the commercial oats and rice flakes. Water solubility index (WSI) was more in barnyard flakes (5.26). Good cooking properties were recorded in millet flakes. Highest crude protein (14.72%) in proso millet and lowest (7.35%) in little millet and ragi (7.36%) flakes were recorded.

3 tables, 23 ref

024318   Singh A;Sharma K (Food & Nutrition (Biochemistry) Dep, Institute of Home Science, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra0282 002, Email: 301archana@gmail.com) : Effect of life style on the health in adolescents. Flora Fauna 2016, 22(1), 139-43.

The study was conducted to know the effect of Life Style on the health in adolescents. Selecting 100 adolescents of age group 12-18 years from two schools in Agra district. Significant effect of exercise, market made food, watching television etc. was observed on obesity among adolescents. Adolescents should be aware that consumption of high fat fast food may contribute to childhood and subsequent adult obesity.

7 tables, 7 ref

024317   Shinde R S;Raghuvanshi R S (Foods and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhand, Email: rupali10shinde@gmail.com) : Studies on standardization and physico-chemical properties of Amaranth flour cakes. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 285-9.

Egg cakes were prepared by using different levels of amaranth flour into refined wheat flour with the constant level of whey protein concentrate by method of U.S. Wheat Associates in 1983. Physical characteristics of amaranth grains and functional properties of flour were studied. It was found that seed weight, volume are less than other cereal as Amaranth seeds are tiny and lighter in weight. The water absorption and fat absorption capacity of variety PRA-3 was recorded as 1.6 per g of flour and 1.9 ml/g flour. Volume and specific volume of control cake was higher than the amaranth flour incorporated cakes. There was significant difference between volume index, symmetry index and uniformity index of control and 40 per cent amaranth flour cake. The overall acceptability scores of 40 per cent Amaranth flour cake was maximum and more than control for cakes (8.3).

2 illus, 4 tables, 13 ref

024316   Sharma A;Dayal R (Family Resource Management Dep, M.A.B. College of Home Science, C.S.A. Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Problems faced by women SHGs memebers in self-help group in Kanpur nagar. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 442-8.

In India self-help groups represent a unique approach to financial intermediation. The concept combines access to low-cost financial services with a process of self-management and development for women who are SHG members. SHGs are seen to confer many benefits, both economic and social. SHGs enable women to grow their savings and to access the credit which banks are increasingly willing to lend. SHGs can also be community platform from which women become active in village affairs, stand for local election or take action to address social or community issues.. Maximum (53.75%) respondents 'always' faced "lack of economic freedom" constraint while 59.58 per cent respondents faced constraints of "irregular visit by extension worker" whereas, 65.00 per cent respondents faced the problem of "complicated and time-consuming loan procedure". More than fifty-seven per cent respondents 'always' faced the problem of "lack of communication between trainers and political leader".

3 illus, 7 tables, 10 ref

024315   Savant D;Rodge J (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra, Email: dr.jayarodge@rediffmail.com) : Assessment of postural deviation of selected women while mopping floor in squatting and standing posture. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 360-3.

The study entitled assessment of postural deviation of selected women while mopping floor in squatting and standing posture was conducted in Parbhani city of Marathwada region in Maharashtra state. Thirty women aged between 25-35 years involved in mopping activity was selected purposively to determine the postural deviation of selected women while mopping the floor in squatting and standing posture. It was found that the body of selected women was deviating more at cervical, lumbar and elbow joint while mopping in squatting posture. Statistically 't' values showed a significant difference between angle of deviation at cervical, lumbar and elbow joint while mopping in squatting and standing posture. Statistically age of women in I group (25 - 30 yrs.) was highly significant with angle of postural deviation at cervical joint (0.53** ) while mopping in standing posture and significantly correlated with angle of postural deviation at elbow joint ( 0.38* ). Second group of weight (40 - 50 kg) of women was negatively highly significant with angle of deviation at cervical joint (- 0.52**) while mopping in standing posture. Negatively highly significant correlation was found in I group of height (135 - 145 cm) of women and angle of postural deviation at cervical and lumbar joint (- 0.65** and - 0.55**) while mopping in squatting posture. For II group (146 - 155 cm) of height negative significant correlation was observed with cervical joint (- 0.42* ). Women in the III group (156 - 165 cm) of height showed highly significant correlation with cervical joint (0.54**) and significant correlation with lumbar joint (0.42* ) while mopping in squatting and standing posture. Women in the III group (156 - 165 cm) of height showed negatively highly significant correlation with angle of postural deviation at cervical joint (- 0.58**) while mopping in squatting posture and significant correlation with angle of postural deviation at lumbar joint ( 0.42*) while mopping in standing posture.

2 tables, 3 ref

024314   Rodge J;Savant D;Parve N (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Vasantrao Naik Deshmukh, Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Email: dr.jayarodge@rediffmail.com) : Physiological study on mopping the floor with cloth and basket mop. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 332-6.

The study was conducted in Parbhani city of Marathwada region in Maharashtra state. Thirty women involved in mopping activity were selected for this study. They were surveyed and grouped between the age ranges from 25-35 years. For assessment of physiological cost in squatting posture traditional cloth mop was selected and for standing posture based on the market survey during the study the new handle mop with basket was used. Selected static and dynamic anthropometric measurements was recorded by the use of anthropometer and flexible measuring tape. For measuring the heart rate the polar sport tester heart rate monitor was used. Heart rate was recorded while performing activity of mopping. Physiological cost of work was assessed by calculating the energy expenditure. The mean stature of homemakers was 155.7, elbow height 98.4, Shoulder height125.43, Mid shoulder height127.9, Span155.7and Mid position arm reach height 122.3. Mean arm reach height at mid and lower position was 122.3 and 63.6and mean arm reach length at mid and lower position was 60.75 and 59.9. Palm length,.Hand length, Thumb tip reach height, Grip strength and weight was 17.17, 69.13, 110.73, 2.91 (kg) and 51.76 (kg). The mean normal squatting height of home makers was 93.3 cm, eye height 88.06 cm, knee to knee distance 31.9 cm, arm reach forward 72.3 cm, Squatting side arm reach of left and right hand was observed same as 70.4 cm and arm reach length for lower position and mid position were 67.13 cm and 61.36 cm. The physiological cost of mopping the floor with cloth mop was more as compared to basket mop. Statistical analysis revealed the significant results, which indicated that the average working heart rate, average recovery heart rate, average peak heart rate and average tatal cardiac cost of work was reduced bsignificantly when the mopping the floor was carried out with basket mop.

3 tables, 8 ref

024313   Priyadarshini V (Home Science Dep, Govt. Women's College, Keonjhar, Odisha) : Purchasing practice of the consumers towards ready to eat food products. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 290-5.

Recent trends in final food demand show that the concept of food has undergone a radical transformation in recent years. The diversification of food away from traditional products and in convergence with western style is responsible for changes in the whole food system. This paper aims to provide comprehensive approach to the consumer purchasing behaviour towards processed ready to eat and ready to cook food products. It thus focused on knowing the perception of the consumers towards Ready-to-Eat and ready to cook food and the impact of factors on their purchase intention. There existed an ambiguity of what Ready-to-Food is, as different sources provided with different meanings. In order to derive a niche expertise of derived findings, the research was restricted to only branded ready to eat and ready to cook food products and to Consumers who were aware about these food products. A sample of 110 respondents has been taken under convenient sampling technique in Bhubaneswar city, Odisha. The study reveals that majority of the respondents have planned decision in purchasing instant food products. Television plays a major role in providing information about instant food products.

6 tables, 22 ref

024312   Pathak N;Tiwari J R (NO, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, Email: niveditapathak6@gmail.com) : Study on effect of employment status of mother on home and educational adjustment of adolescents. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 476-78.

The study on effect of employment status of mother on Home and Educational Adjustment of her Adolescents was conducted in Bilha Block of Bilaspur District. The randomly selected samples of 100 students of standard X were studied which contains 50 from employed and 50 from unemployed mothers adolescents. High school Adjustment inventory (HSAI) was used for study of Home and Educational Adjustment. The investigation reveals that employment status of mothers has a significant influence on the educational and home adjustment of adolescents than unemployed mother.

4 tables, 7 ref

024311   Parab-Waingankar P;Rao S (Biometry and Nutrition Group, Agharkar Research Institute, Pune-411 004, Email: prajakta.waingankar@gmail.com) : Dietary fats discriminate risk for abdominal obesity and glucose metabolism among Urban affluent adult males in Pune, India. Indian J Nutr Diet 2016, 53(1), 47-61.

Indian diets have not been thoroughly investigated despite the fact that 'Nutrition Transition' parallels a rapidly escalating epidemic of obesity and Non-Communicable Diseases. Data on socio-economic background, dietary intake, BMI, Body Fat, Waist Circumference (WC), Abdominal Circumference (AC) and fasting blood estimations were recorded on 302 affluent men (30-60 years) in a cross-sectional study in Pune, India. Average daily calorie intake was lower (1714.7 ± 442 kcal) than the Recommended Dietary Allowance (ICMR, 2010) while mean fat (45.8 ± 19.1 g), carbohydrate (279.2 ± 68.3 g) and protein intakes (46.5 ± 15.1 g) were comparable. Increase in mean WC and AC (3.9 cm), in prevalence of overall obesity (49.4% to 65.4%) and in prevalence of abdominal obesity (24.7% to 40.7%) was significant (p<60>0.05 for all) across tertiles of total calories. But with increase in fat intake, it was only the prevalence of abdominal obesity that increased significantly (23.2% to 39.5%; p<60>0.05). Subjects having higher calorie intake (<62>1816 kcal/d) had two times higher risk for overall and abdominal adiposity while subjects having higher fat intake (<62>50g/d) had two times higher risk for abdominal obesity alone. Fat density but not carbohydrate, was sensitive as the prevalence of high Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG), significantly (p<60>0.05) increased (20.2% to 42.9%) with its increase. Additionally, the risk of high FBG was about 3 times higher (p<60>0.01) for high fat density (<62>>30%). Thus, high fat density but not carbohydrate density may be an important causative factor for high rates of abdominal obesity and disturbed glucose metabolism in India.

illus, table, ref

024310   Oguizu A D;Nnadede L U (Human Nutrition and Dietetics Dep, Michael Okpara University of Agriculture, Umuahia, Abia, P.M.B. 7267, Nigeria, Email: ada.ejekwu@gmail.com) : Nutritional status of children (2-5 years) in Isiala Ngwa North L.G.A, Abia state, Nigeria. Indian J Nutr Diet 2016, 53(1), 30-46.

Study assessed the nutritional status of children aged 2-5 years in Isiala Ngwa North L.G.A, Abia State. One hundred and fifty pre-school children were randomly selected for the survey of which 78 were males and 72 females. Structured and validated questionnaires were used in data collection. Data collection included personal information of the child, family information, food habits/dietary pattern of the children, anthropometric measurements of the preschool children and food frequency questionnaire. Data obtained from the survey were analysed using descriptive statistics - frequency, percentages and correlation. The statistical software SPSS version 18 was used for analysis, cross tabulation and chi square analysis were used to examine the relationship between the variables. Significance was accepted at P <60> 0.05. The indicators of nutritional status were calculated using WHO Anthro. The results showed that 10% of the respondents were wasted, 36% stunted and about 20.3% were underweight. Malnutrition was more prevalent among females than in males. The foods frequently consumed by the respondents were carbohydrates, for example, garri, rice and bread. Protein rich foods sometimes complemented their diets consciously or unconsciously with foods like fish, crayfish, beans and milk being consumed by the respondents. Socioeconomic and demographic variables like type of cooking fuel used, type of house, single parenthood, monthly income, source of drinking water and toilet facility had a significant association (P<60>0.05) on the nutritional status of the respondents. The nutritional status of preschool children in this study was poor. Adequate nutrition is essential to children's growth and development.

10 tables, 11 ref

024309   Nagargoje K M;Waghray K (Yashwantrao Chavan Academy of Development Administration, , Pune, Email: nagargojek123@yahoo.co.in) : Association of mothers' background characteristics and severe under nutrition in pre schoolers. Indian J Nutr Diet 2016, 53(1), 62-80.

Objective of this study was to analyse the effects of age, BMI, delivery spacing, number of children, time of first breast feeding, awareness about nutrition and poverty of mothers on under nutrition of pre schoolers. It is the report of ICDS survey conducted in 2008 for under nutrition among pre schoolers. The study area included all 14 Tahasils of Ahmednagar district, Maharashtra and the participants were 0-6 year old pre schoolers. The children were generally found under nourished when their mothers were not educated, from Scheduled Tribe (ST), Scheduled Caste (SC) and Nomadic Tribe (NT) castes, belonging to low to middle socio-economic groups of the age 20-24 years with lesser delivery spacing.

7 tables, 22 ref

024308   Mishra S (NO, ICAR-Central Institute for Women in Agriculture, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) : Scope of value added rice food products to boost demand. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 317-21.

The study was undertaken in Niali block of Cuttack district with a sample size of 200 farmwomen from 10 villages @ twenty in each to know the varieties of items made from rice which the people in Coastal Odisha consume in their daily breakfast as traditional products. Data were collected through personal interview, observation and focused group discussion methods by using a structured pre-tested interview schedule and then were analyzed with the help of appropriate statistical tools and techniques. The study reveals that highest percentage (90%) of farm families are habituated with beverage rice followed by rice cakes (16.00%), flaked rice (6.00%), puffed rice (5.00%), roasted rice (4.00%), cooked rice without draining water (4.00%), fried rice powder (3.00%), porridge (3.00%), rice upama (2.00%), rice papad (1.00%) and other items (3.00%) in their breakfasts. The study also indicates that the farmwomen in Odisha are quite skilled in preparation of different types of cakes made from rice in different occasions. So, it is clear that the rural women in Odisha have basic knowledge and skill on preparation of different types of rice products. To make them more empowered and employed in this field a small scale village industry can be established.

2 table, 9 ref

024307   Mehra N;Sharma P (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Pantnagar, U.S. Nagar, Uttarakhans, Email: neha90.2407@gmail.com) : To study the health problems of workers in hospitality industry in selected units of Uttarakhand. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 353-59.

Hospitality industry has brought tremendous growth to the global economy by providing services ranging from accommodation, sightseeing as well as other services related to the tourism industry. It not only provides employment but also plays a vital role in the economic returns of a country in the form of foreign exchange. Also the interaction with people from different cultures, thus educating people, is brought about by the hospitality industry. Hence, Hospitality industry plays a major role in the development of economies. The complexity of the sector makes it difficult to present an exhaustive view of the situation. The hotels sector employs more than 7.8 million people in the India and is characterized by high job demands and high physical workload. Non-permanent employment patterns, in particular seasonal work, are prevalent (Kristensen et al., 2005). The sector also employs a high proportion of young workers and migrant workers. This sector covers a wide range of workplaces, more than just hotels. In a study, research design is needed because it facilitates the smooth sailing of the various research operations in a systematic manner. In order to achieve the objectives of the study descriptive design was planned. Some specific health problems to the workers of different departments (front office, housekeeping, food production unit, food service unit and tours and travel unit) of hospitality industry and these health problems were arising due to their service time. When comparison was made between hotel workers in different departments it was observed that in the front office department maximum 56.7 per cent workers respond that they were quite often suffering with the visual fatigue problem due to service while in the department of housekeeping they said that they quite often suffered with the slips, trips/falls problem. On the other hand, it was found that highly 68.9 per cent workers who were working in the food production department reported that they were almost never suffering with ischemic heart disease and 62.9 per cent food service department workers' said that they almost always suffered with manual handling problem. At the end of the comparison, tours and travel department workers' felt that 57.9 per cent were quite often suffering with the respiratory infection health problems due to service.

5 tables, 2 tables, 4 ref

024306   Mahajan S A;Patwardhan S L (Home Science Dep, Smt. Dankunwar Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Jalna, Maharashtra, Email: pswatimahajan@gmail.com) : Study of ergonomic approach to kitchen work centers. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 371-4.

Work place is an important dimension that expedite the activity and exerts minimum stress on the workers. Therefore work space must get considerable attention in the designing of the layout. considering the importance of kitchen platform, there is need to design kitchen and ergonomically evaluation of kitchen. A data on 200 sample of existing kitchen were randomly selected belonging to nuclear families. The data obtained was useful for designing a kitchen which gives comfort while working and reduced energy expenditure. The study was carried out through interview schedule methods and questionnaire filled; Anthropometrical observations are recorded by using measuring tape etc. The data collected were tabulated and suitable statistical tools like, frequency, average, percentage were used for analysis of data. In standing type of kitchens as the worker maintains the standing posture while working. Home maker can move quickly from washing to preparation to cooking area, so the home maker saving their time and energy. It is observed that "L-Shaped" kitchen counters were most common (57.00%) of respondents were more comfort for their work. The result of present study will be used to understand and improve work, worker and work place relationship to have healthy and safety of the home makers. This will help to minimize physical and energy cost of home makers to improve work efficiency and also to reduce heart beat of home makers.

4 tables, 12 ref

024305   Lenka C;Mishra S (PGTD, Home Science, R.D. Women's (Autonomous) College, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) : Health assessment of malnourished children by anthropometry and clinical examination. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 301-8.

Malnutrition is one of the most important risk factor for illness and death of the children. A cross sectional study was conducted among one hundred children belonged to the age group of 0-5 years in tribal areas of Malkanagiri district, Odisha to know their health status by anthropometric measurements and clinical assessment. It was observed that 60 per cent of the respondents were suffering from grade III and grade - IV degrees of malnutrition belonged to the age group of 7-12 months. Mean weight, height and mid upper Arm Circumference of the respondents was found to be lesser than ICMR and Wolanski standard, respectively. The percentage of deficiency was found to be more in case of boys in comparison to girls and also found to increase with advancement of age. Visible Severe wasting (45%) irritable (30%) and lethargy (22%) pallor (56%), dehydration (50%) and Severe B/L pedal edema (12%) were the most common clinical symptoms found among the respondents. Thus, it can be concluded that illiteracy, ignorance and low income of the parents were the most important factors in prevalence of malnutrition among the respondents.

10 tables, 18 ref

024304   Khadi P B;Kumari V;Mokashi M V (Human Development and Family Science Dep, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad, Karnataka, Email: malavika.m17@gmail.com) : Influential factors on parental involvement in promoting social skills of mentally challenged children. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 809-16.

A correlation design used to know the parental involvement in promoting social skills of 53 mentally challenged children from 3 special schools of Hubli and Dharwad city during the year 2008-09. BASIC-MR by Peshawaria and Venkatesan (1992) was administered to assess the social skills of children. Parental involvement was assessed by using self-structured tool. Results revealed that majority of the children (37.73%) had acquired moderate level of social skills followed by 32.08 and 30.19 per cent children who fell under high and low category, respectively. Majority of parents (71.70%) fell in low involvement in developing the skills among children while none of the parents were in high level. Results also illustrated low involvement of parents regarding specific social skills, viz., acquisition of social tasks such as showing sympathy for others, when they are sad (3.8%), apologizing if he or she hurts the feelings of others (7.5%), greeting other children (9.4%) etc. None of the parents were involved in promoting communication tasks. Parents were highly involved in enhancing social activities like responding appropriately when introduced to others (17%) and in community use items viz., recognizing and naming buildings (26.4%), carefully crossing the road (18.9%), making small purchases (17%) etc. Child's age, degree of disability, associated disability, age at admission to special schools and degree of constraint had significant influence on the parental involvement. A significant positive relation between parental involvement and social skills of children indicated that parental involvement was higher in children with higher skills. It may be due to the reciprocity in interactions with more parental involvement, children respond more or vice-versa. Parents gain confidence in promoting social skills in children who are mildly mentally challenged than those who are moderately challenged. This implies the need for parental programmes to empower and enhance their involvement in acquisition of social skills.

5 tables, 21 ref

024303   Kaur R;Srivastava M (Textiles and Apparel Designing Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Univ of Agriculture and Technology, Udaipur, Rajasthan) : Exploring and judging structural variations in different holed cards. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 414-23.

Card weaving is a simple, easy weaving method, but designing patterns is typically laborious and requires knowledge, experience, and skill. The present investigation explored structural variations in 2,4 and 6 holed cards through various pattern drafts created using CAD technology. Card woven bands can range from simple and easy to elaborately patterned and very time consuming. One of the most common individual card manipulations is the twist. The patterns in the weaving were controlled by both technique of warping pattern and variation in movement of rotation, i.e. the way of turning the cards. The structural variations developed were evaluated by panel of expert to get their relative ranking in terms of suitability for various end use items. Findings revealed that a wide range of interesting effects can be obtained from every single pattern created for different holed cards.

2 illus, 4 tables, 3 ref

024302   Kaur M;Gill J K (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana, Email: jkg1992@pau.edu) : Comparative study of the efficiency of induction and gas cook-tops. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 432-6.

The comparison of efficiency of induction cook-top with gas cook-top was done by the selection of 120 respondents randomly from urban area under municipal corporation limits of Ludhiana city. An interview schedule was prepared to collect data from the respondents. The laboratory experiments were conducted to evaluate selected appliances on the basis of efficiency, time and money cost of induction cook-top and gas cook-top. On the basis of the results of household survey, two commonly prepared recipes were cooked on both the appliances. The organoleptic evaluation of the recipes namely: zeera rice and potato vegetable was done by a panel of judges. Induction cook-top was 60.18 per cent efficient than gas cook-top (19.07%) due to hardly any loss of heat. Induction cook-top took more time to cook both the recipes as compared to gas cook-top,while cooking cost was less in induction cook-top in terms of money cost. Organoleptic scores of cooked recipies were statistically non-significant indicating that there were no differences in both the appliances in terms of cooked food. Therefore, it is suggested that the induction cook-top need to be popularized as it is cost effective and efficient than gas cook-top.

3 tables, 4 ref

024301   Kar D (Home Science Dep, Dhenkanal Mahila Mahavidyalaya, Dhenkanal, Odisha, Email: dipikakar07@gmail.com) : Obesity and its causative factor among the urban community. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 407-13.

The study included 200 urban women from Sambalpur district, Odisha. Normal women and women with risk of obesity were recruited for conducting the study. Along with the demographic and anthropometric profile data on family history, food habits and causative factors of obesity were obtained by using the interview schedule. The finding revealed that about 48 per cent of obese women had maternal obesity, 14 per cent had paternal obesity and 33 per cent had obesity of both the parent. The difference in anthropometric measurements like height, weight, MUAC and waist circumference were found to be highly significant (P<60>0.05) with prevalence of obesity on the basis of analysis of variance. There was no abnormality in lipid profile, though the subjects were obese, which indicate that there overweight is of recent origin.

8 tables, 15 ref

024300   Joshi N;Kang T K (Human Development Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana, Punjab, Email: niharika.joshi05@gmail.com) : Association of socio-personal factors with the defense mechanisms used by infertile women. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 278-84.

Parenting is viewed by most of the couples as their central role in life, and the thought of not achieving it can be very upsetting. Infertility is a stressor that often taxes a couple's personal and relational resources such that defense mechanisms are a natural outgrowth of the experience. Social and personal factors play a huge role in an individuals' life and studying their association with the defense mechanisms can help to gain a deeper understanding of infertility experience of women. The present study is an attempt to explore the association between socio-personal factors and defense mechanisms used by rural and urban infertile women of Ludhiana district. The study was based on a sample of 180 infertile women (90 rural and 90 urban). Socio-personal profile was assessed by using self- structured Interview Schedule. Defense mechanisms were explored by using Defense Mechanisms Inventory by Mrinal and Singhal (1984). Results revealed that there is a non-significant difference in the use of defense mechanisms as per the socio-economic strata of the respondents. It was also revealed that socio-personal factors like duration of infertility and educational qualification are significantly associated (p<60>0.01) with principalization and the defense turning against self is significantly associated with family type and working status of the respondents.

6 tables, 16 ref

024299   John K R;Kamini S (Home Science Dep, College of Agriculture, Vellayani, Kerala, Email: rarjosephd@gmail.com) : Dimensions of entrepreneurial behaviour of handloom weavers in Thiruvanathapuram and Kannur districts. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 424-31.

The study entitled dimensions of Entrepreneurial behaviour of Handloom Weavers of Thiruvanathapuram and Kannur district was undertaken with the objective to asses the entrepreneurial behaviour of the entrepreneur handloom weavers. Thiruvananthapuram (TVPM) and Kannur (KNR) districts of Kerala were purposively selected for conducting the study since the prominent handloom weaving clusters come under these districts. A sample of 150 entrepreneur weavers was selected each from both the districts, using stratified random sampling technique. Dimensions of entrepreneurial behaviour were assessed by using various scales developed by different authors and modified for this study. The results of the study revealed that the entrepreneurs had only medium risk taking ability and achievement motivation scores with medium production score. Majority of the respondents had medium planning, production and marketing orientation. The entrepreneurs have low income and resort to debt and they may fall short of aspirations. There was no significant difference in the dimensions of entrepreneurial behaviour between the respondents from TVPM district and KNR district.

12 tables, 12 ref

024298   Gogoi S (NO, Sarba Siksha Abhiyan Mission Golaghat, Golaghat, Assam, Email: sampreetygogoi@gmail.com) : Teaching learning materials in the early childhood care and education centre in Golaghat district of Assam. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 471-75.

The Early Childhood Care and Education favour on the holistic development of the child and prepares child for school. It is expected to provide necessary maturational and experimental readiness to the child for meeting the demands of primary school curriculum. Early childhood development is therefore globally acknowledged as a significant input for lifelong development and successful completion of primary education. The objective of the study is toassess the availability of the teaching learning materials in the early childhood care and education center and to assess the acceptability of teaching learning materials by young children. The schools were from both the urban areas and the rural areas of Golaghat district of Assam. For selection of the samples 20 numbers of schools from each of the five educational blocks were selected. A checklist has been prepared for the teachers of the early childhood care and education centers. For analysis of surveyed data the interview schedule was thoroughly coded and appropriates tables were designed. Preliminary analytical devices expressed in frequency and percentages were used. The observation method was mainly used in the study to see the acceptability of teaching learning materials by young children. 98 per cent of the schools were having the teaching learning materials for the early childhood care and education. 60 per cents replied that the teaching learning materials were locally prepared, 92 per cent of the teachers also replied that the teaching learning materials was supplied from the Government of Assam. The children are more involved with activities when the teaching learning materials are administered to them. It has been observed that the children acceptance is more and learning is more effective with the use of teaching learning materials and the environment created is more joyful and child centric.

5 ref

024297   Gogoi S (Sarba Siksha Abhiyan Mission, , Golaghat, Assam, Email: sampreetygogoi@gmail.com) : Needs of mothers of new born babies in the area of child care and development. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 456-61.

The present study has been undertaken with the primary objective i.e. to assess the needs of mother of new born babies in the area of child care and development. Hundred numbers of mother having babies from the age group of birth to six month were selected from government hospital, nursing home and from urban and rural areas of Jorhat district of Assam. An interview schedule was prepared as tool for data collection. The findings of the study revealed that higher percentage of mothers have the feelings that they have knowledge about child care and development, but when these mothers were asked various questions on different aspects of child care the entire mother could not give correct response. When the needs of mothers were assessed it was found that 91 per cent of the mothers want to enhance their knowledge on child care. It is evident from the results that although many schemes of health department are implemented for the welfare of the new borns and for acquiring knowledge of mother but there are still some mothers who are still ignorant and not aware on different aspects of child care and development.

3 tables, 2 ref

024296   Goel V;Garg R (Home Science Dep, Shri Ram College, Muzaffarnagar, Uttar Pradesh, Email: varshag79@gmail.com) : To study the influence of access use of internet on academic performance of adolescents. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 449-55.

Present study was conducted to know the influence of access use of internet on academic performance among intermediate adolescents. The study also focused to examine the gender differences among adolescents on excess usage of internet. Undoubtedly, Internet has brought a great revolution worldwide and the world is in its feast. It has delimited the whole world and made a man able to access anywhere, anytime and in any field of life. Facilities are available at one's door step. But, it is well said that excess of everything is bad. Likewise, excess use of internet has become a problem today. This part of research contribution will analyze the reality and gap between the positive and negative impact and aspects of usage of internet on education. The sample comprised of 300 adolescents. Their responses to the "Internet Usage Scale" and GPA for the previous year were collected and analyzed using methods including descriptive statistics. The results suggested that excess use of internet was a significantly negatively correlated with academic performance of intermediate adolescents. Results also suggested gender difference in excess usage of internet. Male adolescents had higher user of internet than female ones. The paper concludes with recommendations for future study in order to better understand the growing impact of internet on our youth.

23 ref

024295   Ghatge N S (NO, Pravara Rural Education Society's Home Science and BCA College, Loni, Rahata, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, Email: nalinihemangi26@rediffmail.com) : Study on impact of feeding soyaladoo and soyaflakes chiwada to malnourished pre-school children and their biochemical analysis. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 322-6.

To prevent malnutrition among children in the country in a sustainable manner are a critical component in this endeavor. This would require a multipronged effected in the form of capacity building for nutritional research, programme intervention development and evaluation. To treat malnutrition among the preschool children the formulation of locally based protein rich product is done. Hence attempt was made to formulate soyabased food products such as soyaladoo and soyaflakes chiwada. Soya products were formulated and prepared by standard methods. Organoleptically selected soya products were analyzed for its chemical composition such as protein, fat, vitamins, minerals, and ant nutritional factors. These products were supplemented to pre-school malnourished children @ 40 g/head/day for six months. Preschool malnourished children were graded according to grade of malnutrition. Their biochemical parameter such as serum iron (μg/dl) serum proteins (gl/dl), serum vitamin A (IO/dl), serum zinc (μg ml), blood glucose mg/dl and Haemoglobin g/dl had done monthly for six months. It had shown highly significant changes on blood glucose level, haemoglobin, serum protein, serum vitamin A, serum iron and serum zinc states of pre-school children after supplementation of soyaproducts.

4 tables, 11 ref

024294   Farzana F H (College of Home Science, Vasantrao Naik Marathwada Krishi, Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra) : Effect of supplementation of gralic and cinnamon in hypertensive subjects. Asian J Home Sci 2015, 10(2), 395-9.

The study was undertaken to assess the effect of garlic and cinnamon in hypertensive subjects. Garlic powder contains allicin and cinnamon contains cinnamonaldehydes. They have the hypertension reducing property. A sample of 60 hypertensive subjects was selected purposively. Their information regarding socio-economic status and health status was collected through questionnaire. They were divided into two groups, experimental and control, 30 in each group. The blood pressure reading was taken initially for all the 60 subjects. The prepared garlic powder and cinnamon powder was given to experimental group continuously for 60 days and told them to use in a day in any recipe or cinnamon powder can be taken in a coffee or tea. Reading of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 0, 15, 30, 45 and 60 days were recorded for both the groups. The collected data was analysed statistically and it was concluded that the consumption of 0.5 g of dry garlic powder and 0.5 g of cinnamon powder continuously for 60 days has positive effect in hypertensive subjects. Consumption of garlic and cinnamon powder had significantly positive results than only consumption of garlic powder.

4 illus, 3 tables, 4 ref