014704   Mittal S K;Singh M;Kapur P;Sharma B K;Shamshi M A (Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, , Chandigarh-160 030, Email: skmskml@rediffmail.com) : Design and development of instrumentation network for landslide monitoring and issue an early warning. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 361-5.

CSIO, Chandigarh has designed and developed an instrument network around standard geo-technical and geo-physical sensors and advanced associated electronics. Network was installed in 2006 for continuous instrumental monitoring of the site at Mansa Devi near Haridwar. The paper highlights design approach for network and explains technical details of different sub modules. Network performance in terms of functional reliability, data generation capability and failure rate in the field has been evaluated and necessary design modifications have been incorporated.

4 illus, 5 ref

014703   Mittal S K;Singh M;Garg R K;Sharma B K (NO, Central Scientific Instruments Organisation (CSIO), Chandigarh-160 030, Email: skmskm1@rediffmail.com) : Design and development of multi parameter probe (MPP) to measure temperature and hardness inside snow microstructure. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(6), 428-31.

CSIO Chandigarh has developed a portable Multi Parameter Probe (MPP) to measure temperature and hardness in snow pack. MPP has been tested in snow bound areas in and around Manali in association with SASE (DRDO). In paper, designing of MPP and field test performance results provide valuable assistance in the study of snow and avalanche pattern over a period of time, thus improving research accuracy and validating research findings.

3 illus, 7 ref

014702   Mishra A K;Mulgrew B (ECE Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, India, IDCOM, Edinburgh Univ, UK, Email: akmishra@ieee.org) : Generation of SAR image for real-life objects using general purpose EM simulators. IETE Tech Rev 2009, 26(1), 18-27.

In the applications related to airborne radars, simulation has always played an important role. This is mainly because of the two fold reason of the unavailability of desired data and the difficulty associated with the collection of data under controlled environment. A simple example will be regarding the collection of pure multipolar radar data. Even after phenomenal development in the field of radar hardware design and signal processing, till now the collection of pure multipolar data is a challenge for the radar system designers. Till very recently, the power of computer simulation of radar signal return was available to a very selected few. This was because of the heavy cost associated with some of the main line electro magnetic (EM) simulators for radar signal simulation, and secondly because many such EM simulators are for restricted marketting. However, because of the fast progress made in the field of EM simulation, many of the current generic EM simulators can be used to simulate radar returns from realistic targets. Study expounds the steps towards generating a synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image database of ground targets, using a generic EM simulator. It also demonstrates by the help of some example images, the quality of the SAR image generated using a general purpose EM simulator.

15 illus, 30 ref

014701   Manoj Kumar M;Omkar S N (Aerospace Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560 012, Email: omkar@aero.iisc.ernet.in) : Optimization of yard crane scheduling using particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithm operators (PSOGAO). J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 335-9.

Study presents optimization of a yard crane schedule (YCS) to perform a given set of container handling jobs with different ready limes in order to minimize the sum of job waiting times or the total completion time for handling job. Particle swarm optimization with genetic algorithm operators (PSOGAO) has been successfully applied to optimize YCS. PSOGAO has been observed more efficacious than heuristic method.

2 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

014700   Lin H D;Lin G C;Chung C Y;Lin W T (Industrial Engineering and Management Dep, Chaoyang Univ of Technology, 168 Jifong E. Rd., Wufong Township, Taichung County, 413349, Taiwan, Email: hdlin@cyut.edu.tw) : Wavelet-based neural network and statistical approaches applied to automated visual inspection of LED chips. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(6), 412-20.

The research explores automated visual inspection of surface defects in a light-emitting diode (LED) chip. One-level Haar wavelet transform is first used to decompose a chip image and extract four wavelet characteristics. Then, wavelet-based back-propagation network (WBPN) and wavelet-based Hotelling statistic (WHS) approaches are respectively applied to integrate multiple wavelet characteristics. Finally, back-propagation algorithm of WBPN or Hotelling test of WHS judges existence of defects. Two proposed methods achieve detection rates of above 90.8% and 92.4%. and false alarm rates below 4.4% and 6.1%, respectively. A valid computer-aided visual defect inspection system is contributed to help meet quality control needs of LED chip manufacturers.

6 illus, 1 table, 29 ref

014699   Kumar P;Ramanjaney Reddy M (Civil Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Roorkee, Roorkee-247 667, Email: pkaerfce@iitr.ernet.in) : Reinforced embankments and sub base using demolition waste. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 386-91.

Jute reinforcement has been tried with demolition waste in embankments and sub base construction. Optimum position of jute geotextile has been found 1/3 H from surface. By using jute geotextile, shear strength parameters such as cohesion(C) developed marginally and angle of internal friction (φ) increased from 31.50 ° to 38 °. With increase in natural aggregate (NA) in blended mixture, maximum dry density (MDD) increases, mainly because of lower particle density and higher water absorption of recycled aggregates (RAs) compared to NAs. CBR values of a mix of RA and NA (60: 40) has been found over 30%, which is minimum CBR value for roads of high traffic volume.

4 illus, 6 tables, 3 ref

014698   Kemal Apalak M;Ekici R;Yildirim M (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Erciyes Univ, Kayseri 38039, Turkey, Email: apalakmk@erciyes.edu.tr) : Free vibration analysis and optimal design of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(10), 797-806.

Study presents three-dimensional free vibration and stress analyses of an adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint. Modulus of elasticity, Poisson's ratio and density had negligible effect on natural frequencies and mode shapes of adhesive joint. ANN models predicted that support length and plate thickness played important role on natural frequencies, mode shapes and modal strain energy of adhesive joint whereas adhesive thickness has a minor effect. Genetic Algorithm combined with ANN model determined optimum geometrical dimensions, which are satisfying maximum natural frequency and minimum elastic modal strain energy conditions for each natural frequency and mode shape of the adhesively bonded double containment cantilever joint.

5 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

014697   Kaushik P;Khanduja D (Mechanical Engineering Dep, N C College of Engineering, Israna, Panipat-132 107, Email: parbhakarkaushik@yahoo.com) : DM make up water reduction in thermal power plants using six sigma DMAIC methodology. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(1), 36-42.

Six Sigma DMAIC (define, measure, analysis, improve, control) methodology has been applied to a process industry seeking energy conservation, taking a specific case of a thermal power plant. DM (De-mineralize) water in these plants is an expensive input material. It has been found that 0.1% increase in DM make up water consumption increases generation cost by Rs 82.82 lakhs per annum. In present study, implementation of Six Sigma project recommendations brought down mean make up wate: from 0.90% to 0.54% of MCR (Maximum Continuous Rating), accruing with it a comprehensive energy savings of nearly Rs 304.77 lakhs per annum.

8 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

014696   Kalita P;Dixit U S;Mahanta P;Saha U K (Centre for Energy, Mechanical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati-781 039, Email: pankajk@iitg.ernet.in) : Novel energy efficient machine for plate manufacturing from areca palm leaf sheath. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(10), 807-11.

An efficient, high performance and user-friendly hand-operated machine for bowl and plate manufacture from areca palm leaf sheath has been, designed. New machine is very effective, as production time of bowl (15 cm diam) has reduced by 50% and that of plate (30 cm diam) by 30% in comparison to existing pedal-type machine. Cost of new machine is 50% less than existing machine.

3 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

014695   Kadirgama K;Abou-El-Hossein K A;Mohammad B; Al-Ani H;Noor M M (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Malaysia Pahang Univ, 25000, Kuantan Pahang, Malaysia, Email: kumaran@ump.edu.my) : Cutting force prediction model by FEA and RSM when machining hastelloy C-22HS with 90° holder. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(6), 421-7.

Finite element (FEA) method and response surface method (RSM) are used to find the effect of milling parameters (cutting speed, feed rate and axial depth) on cutting force when milling Hastelloy C-22HS. Based on variance analyses of First- and Second-Order RSM models, most influential design variable is feed rate. Optimized cutting force values are subsequently obtained from model equations. FEA model shows distribution of cutting force.

6 illus, 3 tables, 31 ref

014694   Jaspreet Kaur;Jagdish Kumar (Medical Electronic Instruments Div, Central Scientific Instruments Organisation, Sector 30, Chandigarh-160 030, Email: jaspreet_k123@rediffmail.com) : Design and development of thermistor based gas flow measuremenr system for anaesthesia ventilator. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 366-70.

Paper describes design and development of a gas flow measurement system, which is particularly helpful for airflow measurement in anaesthesia ventilator. The system measured accurately, required range (0-70 1/m), of airflow for anaesthesia ventilator. Main advantages of developed technique are simplicity of design, dynamic stability and fast response time. Thermistor based hardware design associated with graphical approach has been developed successfully and incorporated in indigenous prototype of anaesthesia ventilator.

7 illus, 8 ref

014693   Jamal A;Sidharth S S (Mining Engineering Dep, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005) : Value added constructional bricks from overburden of opencast coalmines. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(6), 445-50.

Paper presents utilization of waste rock of surface coalmine in making bricks and blocks in place of clay bricks. These bricks and blocks may be used in building construction and as pavement material in and around coalmine. Acidic and alkaline overburden helps in neutralizing acidity or alkalinity of wastewater by making drain with such bricks.

6 tables, 20 ref

014692   Jain N;Vig R (Electronics Dep, UIET, Punjab Univ, Sector 14, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: renuvig@hotmail.com) : Wavelet based vector quantization with treecode vectors for EMG signal compression. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(12), 1064-71.

Paper presents a wavelet-based vector quantization technique using DCCR (Distortion constrained codebook replenishment) mechanism for compression of Electromyogram (EMG) signals. Wavelet coefficients, obtained from EMG signal samples, are arranged to form tree vectors (TVs), where each vector has a hierarchical tree structure. Vector quantization is then applied for encoding to TVs, which uses a pre-calculated codebook. Codebook is created using codebook training algorithm and is updated dynamically using SPIHT coding strategy. Signal is decoded using a copy of the same codebook available with encoder. Tests were performed on EMG records obtained from PGI, Chandigarh. A good quality of reconstructed signal and sufficient compression is achieved. An average Compression Ratio (CR) of 20.64:1 at percentage root mean square difference (PRD) of 6.12% is obtained by this technique.

5 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

014691   Harimi M;Sapuan S M;Megat Ahmad M M H;Abas F (Centre of Materials and Materials, School of Engineering and Information Technology, Malaysia Sabah Univ, 88999, Kota Kinabalu, Sabah, Malaysia, Email: harimi2000@hotmail.com) : Numberical study of heat loss from boiler using different ratios of fibre-to-shell from palm oil wastes. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(6), 440-4.

Study presents effect of excess air and fibre-to-shell (F/S) ratio on heat losses. Five heat losses arc computed based on ASME standard (heat loss) and STANJAN code (flue gases). Heat loss due to dry flue gas is major heat loss in boiler and has been found statistically affected by the amount of excess air and F/S ratio, whereas other heat losses are somehow negligible, except heat loss due to moisture and hydrogen in fuel, which is mainly related to variation of F/S ratio. Boiler efficiency may reach 85% practically if global optimisation based on excess air and F/S ratios are consideredM with respect to combustion efficiency (low CO) and thermal efficiency (less heat losses).

4 tables, 22 ref

014690   Dhiman S;Sehgal R;Sharma S K;Sharma V S (Mechanical Engineering Dep, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur-177 005, Email: rsehgal@nitham.ac.in) : Machining behavior of AlSI 1018 steel during turning. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(5), 355-60.

Paper studies effect of cutting parameters (feed, depth of cut, rpm) of AISI 1018 steel on various factors (tool tip temperature, surface roughness, cutting forces) that account for machining costs.

5 illus, 7 ref

014689   Dhanunjana Chari V;Suresh Y;Chunduru V (NO, Osmania Univ College for Women, Koti Hyderabad-7, Email: vardhani_c2001@yahoo.co.in) : Fiber optic communication-attenuation mechanism. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect D 2008, 27(2), 171-5.

Optical Fiber Technology though is still a young technology has revolutionized the techniques of communication of information over very long distances with low cost, more bandwidth, high transmission capacity and easy installation in air, undersea or directly burrying into the ground. New applications are coming out in almost every field in which electric and electronic components are in use.With the advancement of modern technology with optical fiber it may not be unreasonable to expect in future to have telephone facility which will include two-way crystal clear visual images as well as perfect audio information. Inspire of these advantages, there is attenuation of signal during transmission which limits the range of radio signals. Signal attenuation is an important factor in the design of any communication system, where the losses occur. In view of this, the attenuation mechanisms in fiber technology are being discussed. Attenuation mechanism to wireless communication and physical oceanography are also included.

2 illus, 6 ref

014688   Dandil B;Tuncer S (NO, Firat Univ, Electronic and Computer Science Dep, Technical Education Faculty, Email: stuncer@firat.edu.tr) : Four-quadrant control of multilevel inverter fed induction motor drives. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(9), 688-96.

Paper presents a high performance speed and current control scheme based on indirect field oriented control (IFOC) for multilevel inverter fed induction motor drive. Advantages of multilevel inverters over standard two-level voltage source inverter (VSI) include a greater number of levels in output voltage waveforms, less harmonic distortion in voltage and current waveforms and lower switching frequency. Proposed IFOC scheme of multilevel inverter showed high quality of control.

11 illus, 22 ref

014687   Chaulya S K;Bandyopadhyay L K;Mishra P K (NO, Central Institute of Mining and Fuel Research (CIMFER), Dhanbad-826 001, Email: chaulyask@yahoo.co.in) : Modernization of Indian coal mining industry: vision 2025. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(1), 28-35.

In view of vision 2025, CIMFR, Dhanbad has developed a web-based information and decision support system for coal mining industry. Paper summaries scope of proposed IT based system by highlighting existing problems and proposed solutions under different modules, and briefly enumerates the methodology to develop the proposed system.

2 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

014686   Banerjee G (Central Glass & Ceramic Research Institute, Jadavpur Univ, P O, Kolkata-700 032, Email: goutam@cgcri.res.in) : Adaptive fuzzy cognitive maps vs neutrosophic cognitive maps: decision support tool for knowledge based institutions. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(9), 665-73.

Paper explores feasibility of self-adaptive Fuzzy cognitive maps (FCM) in context of knowledge-based Organizations. An illustration of encoding explains how combination of initial subjective knowledge with real life data can help a knowledge organization exploring its strategic decisions. Neutrosophic generalization of FCM offers more practical implications of problem domain.

1 illus, 1 table, 35 ref

014685   Ankara H;Yerel S (Mining Engineering Dep, Eskisehir Osmangazi Univ, Eskisehir 26030, Turkey, Email: hankara@ogu.edu.tr) : Use of range control charts in determination of variability in surface parallelisms of plates. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(12), 1078-82.

Statistical Process Control methods are used to measure and diagnose variability occurring within processes. In the study, surface parallelisms in plates cut by circle saw block cutter machine from marble blocks were determined by Range (R) control charts produced by thickness measurements of plates. Con-elation between surface parallelisms of plates cut was examined. It was suggested that the use of correlation analysis to ctetermine similarities and differences among plates cut at different levels was significant for control of machinery and R control charts.

2 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

014684   Agrawal G;Manju Singh;Singh V R;Singh H R (NO, Indian Institute of Technology, New Delhi-110 016, Email: manjus.10@gmail.com) : Reduction of artifacts in 12-channel ECG signals using fastICA algorithm. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(1), 43-8.

ECG signals are required to be reduced for/accurate and easier diagnosis in clinical resting ECG, ambulatory ECG, exercise ECG and long-term ECG monitoring. In the paper, Fast ICA algorithm has been used for reducing artifacts and noise from 12-channel ECG recordings. A Graphical User Interface is also made for the same purpose.

7 illus, 17 ref

013626   Yildirim S;Eski I (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey) : Vibration analysis of an experimental suspension system using artificial neural networks. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(6), 522-9.

Analyses effects of vibrations on comfort and road holding capability of vehicles as observed in variations of suspension springs, road roughness etc. Also, design of non-linear experimental car suspension system for ride qualities using neural networks is presented. Proposed active suspension system has been found more effective in vibration isolation of car body than linear active suspension system. Proposes neural network predictor could be used in vehicle's suspension vibration analysis.

013625   Yadav R B;Nishchal N K;Gupta A K;Rastogi V K (Information & Communication Engineering Dep, The University of Electro-communications, Tokyo 1828585, Japan) : Vehicular shape-based objects classification using Fourier descriptor technique. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(6), 484-95.

Reports classification of vehicular shape-based objects using Fourier descriptor (FD) technique. Retrieval and classification of different types of shapes was done for closest match, comparing set of feature vectors of query object to each object of every class. Centroid distance based shape signatures were used for derivation of feature vectors. Euclidean distance was calculated as a similarity measure parameter for shape classification. Classification of noisy objects was carried out using FD technique. FD performs better than wavelet descriptor (WD) technique.

013624   Yadav A;Tripathi R K;Srivastava R K;Rana P; Jatana H S;Roy J N (Semi-Conductor Laboratory, Space Dep, , Sector-72, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab-160 071) : 12-bit 1-masample/s pipelined analog-to-digital converter. J Spacecraft Technol 2009, 19(1), 9-17.

Describes the implementation of 12-bit 1 Msample/s analog to digital converter, with sample-hold and voltage reference. A capacitor averaging technique is implemented to perform an accurate gain of two (x2) functions required in high resolution pipelined analog-to-digital converter (ADC), to reduce the error resulting from the capacitor mismatch. The digital output data is available in parallel as well as in serial format and also available in 2 's complement format. Out of range circuitry indicates the overflow/underflow condition. The maximum range of the input signal amplitude can be as high as 4 Vpp. This ASIC is implemented using a double poly, double metal 3μm SCL standard cmos process with a ±5V supply voltage. The overall chip area of the ADC is 9.415x9.5 mm²

14 illus, 1 table, 2 ref

013623   Wadhwani S;Gupta S P;Vinod Kumar (Electrical Engineering Dep, MITS, Gola Ka Mandir, Gwalior-474 008) : Fault classification for rolling element bearing in electric machines. IETE J Res 2008, 54(4), 264-75.

Machines never break down by chance. Their operating condition gradually deteriorates and this gradual quantitative deterioration transforms into a failure, manifesting a qualitative change. When a fault takes place, some of the machine parameters are subjected to change. The change in the machine parameter depends on the degree of faults and the interaction with other parameters. In most cases, more than one parameter is subjected to change under abnormal conditions. If these machine parameters can be measured, they give information relating to a developing fault and then maintenance can be planned for the next available shutdown. Therefore, condition monitoring requires measurement to be taken from the machine on a continuous basis and is used to indicate the current working condition of that machine. There are a number of parameters that can be considered for monitoring the machine. For induction machines, monitoring parameters are terminal voltages, line currents, stack temperature of stator, rotor speed, torque, stator frame vibration, bearing vibrations, etc. Discusses the results of the laboratory investigations carried out on 10-hp cage induction motors to identify the machine health by monitoring. A data acquisition system, capable of recording vibration, line currents and line voltages, is designed and fabricated. The signals are sampled at a suitable sampling frequency using an add-on card and are saved in a computer for future use. The vibration signals are measured at a load end bearing of the test motor. The recorded vibration signals are then pre-processed both in time and frequency domain to extract the important features that contain the maximum fault information. The selected features are analysed for their class separation capability using the Fisher criterion. These features are then used as an input to the fault classifier. The fault classifier used in this study is the multi-layered perception trained with a back propagation algorithm. Two networks are trained independently, one with time domain parameters, module-TD, and the other with frequency domain parameters, module-FD. It is found that module-TD gives its best performance for incipient fault detection (100%); however, for medium degree fault, it gives an 85% efficiency. The frequency parameter-based module gives a better performance for both the cases (98 and 95% respectively). However, a combination of the two can be used to enhance the decision ability of the system.

9 illus, 8 tables, 37 ref

013622   Vijayan R;Srinivasan P S S (Mechanical Engineering Dep, Government College of Engineering, Salem-636 011) : Influence of internal heat exchanger on performance of window AC retrofitted with R407C. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(2), 153-6.

Experimental performance analysis of a window air conditioner (capacity, 1 TR) with and without an internal heat exchanger (IHE), along with performance comparison of R22 and R407C in the same AC. Use of IHE has increased coefficient of performance (COP) when running on R22 (5.86%) and R407C (6.3%). When retrofitting R22 systems with R407C, COP is found to drop with (6.26%) and without (6.64%) IHE.

013621   Vijayakumari B;Geetha A;Haribashkarraj D; Senrayaperumal R;Saron Samraj R (Electronics and Communication Engineering Dep, Kamaraj College of Engineering and Technology, Virudhunagar-626 001, Email: groundglass2007@gmail.com) : Automatic ground glass pattern detection in lung disease using Gabor filter. IETE J Res 2008, 54(3), 249-54.

Proposes an approach for automatic detection of Ground glass pattern, a lung disease, from Computed Tomography (CT) and High Resolution Computed Tomography (HRCT) scans of the lung. The algorithm is based on frequency spectrum analysis of the image using Gabor filter bank. The tasks are completed in three steps: Preliminary mask formation, Peripheral mask formation and finally post processing. By these higher sensitivity and selectivity may be achieved with fast processing time. In the post processing, binary noise removal technique is used to remove noise from the detection mask.

6 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

013620   Vijay Kumar M;Murthy A N N;Chandrashekhara K (Mech. Engg Dep, JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bangalore, Email: vijayjss@yahoo.com) : Genetic algorithm for production scheduling problem in flexible manufacturing cell. Mfg Technol Today 2008, 7(7), 24-30.

Though the designs of FMC strive to ensure the maximum flexibility in the system, in practice, after the implementation of such systems the operational executives often find it hard to accommodate frequent variations in the part designs of incoming jobs. The difficulty can vary well be overcome by scheduling the variety of incoming problem into the system efficiently. The scheduling of FMS with the aid of Genetic Algorithm and draft of code strings, which are used by this algorithm have been presented. Moreover, some results obtained by computer program based on this method also have been presented. In first case it has been assumed that the cell works in optimal mode. Every operation can be done on every machine and in the second case cell assorts in sequential mode. The first operation is executed on the first machine, the second operation on the second machine and so on. The only criterion of scheduling evaluation is the time of cell work. The time must be the shortest for definite number of jobs and machines.

10 illus, 1 able, 4 ref

013619   Vergili I;Barlas H (Faculty of Engineering, Environmental Engineering Dep, Istanbul University, 34320 Istanbul, Turkey) : Removal of selected pharmaceutical compounds from water by an organic polymer resin. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(5), 417.

Adsorption performances for Carbamazepine, Propyphenazone, and Sulfamethoxazole using polymer resin, Lewatit VP OC 1163. Adsorption capacities followed: Carbamazepine> Sulfamethoxazole> Propyphenazone. Lewatit VP OC 1163 showed a larger adsorption for pharmaceuticals having low solubility, with Freundlich adsorption parameter, Kf, reaching 46.068 [(mgg^-1) (mgl-1)] for Carbamazepine (solubility, 179 mgl^-1). SAC₂₅₄ (Spectral Absorption Coefficient at 254 nm) can be used as a control parameter for pharmaceutical adsorption studies.

013618   Thenmozhi A;Deepak Ram Prasath S;Raju S; Abhaikumar V (RF Systems Lab, Thiagarajar Advanced Research Centre, Thiagarajar, College of Engineering, Madurai-600 015, Email: thenmozhi@tce.edu) : Novel approach to synthesize microwave filters using artificial neural networks. IETE J Res 2008, 54(2), 105-9.

Emergence of Artificial Neural Network (ANN) has provided newer avenues in the modeling and design of RF components. This paper proposes a novel synthesis procedure for the design and modeling of microwave filters using ANN. Building a feed forward neural network that corresponds to a Cauer ladder network of a planar filter is the key point of the paper. For validation purposes, the proposed approach has been used to synthesize a microstrip lowpass filter with a cutoff frequency of 1.5 GHz. This example filter design provides an insertion loss of around 2 dB in the pass band and a return loss of around 20 dB at the desired cutoff frequency. The design is verified by fabricating the filter on a glass epoxy substrate (ε_r = 4.6) with a thickness of 1.6 mm.

3 illus, 8 ref

013617   Suman B M;Srivastava R K (NO, Central Building Research Institute, (CBRI), Roorkee-247 667) : Influence of thermal insulation on conductive heat transfer through roof ceiling construction. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(3), 248-51.

Determines influence of thermal insulation on conductive heat transfer through roof-ceiling construction when thermal insulation material was integrated to roofing system. Among two pairs of two identical rooms, respective roofs were equipped with insulation to be tested as follows: i) polystyrene and its identical pair with no insulation; and ii) fiberglass, and its pair with no insulation material. Roof with no insulation was considered as reference. Roof with polystyrene performed better than fibreglass.

013616   Srujana E L;Sastry N N (Electronics & Communication Dep, K L College of Engineering, Vaddeswaram, Guntur-522 503, Email: srujana_2003@yahoo.co.in) : Noise interference effects in unbalanced monopulse reciver channels. IETE J Res 2008, 54(2), 169-74.

Monopulse receivers have been extensively used in angle tracking systems of ground, airborne radars and communication systems. Their open loop angular errors with respect to bore sight axis of the antenna system have been reported in literature. In this paper, deliberate noise interference generated from the target platform causing angular errors has been studied in detail. Particularly, the sum and difference channel noise and the interfering noise from the target platform can cause angular errors, provided there is imbalance in the Monopulse receiver channels. If there is no imbalance, as in the ideal case, the noise interference can cause no angular errors whatever may be the interfering noise power. The case of two horn Monopulse system has been considered as a typical case. It is shown that imbalances in the two monopulse receiver channels can cause open loop angular errors aggravated by noise jamming. The angular errors are reported for various channel Signal to Noise ratios and Jammer to Signal ratios (J/S). It is finally concluded that the noise jamming from the target platform is possible and is effective against the special case of Monopulse radars or communication systems with channel imbalance.

8 illus, 7 ref

013615   Srivastava M;Kumar M;Singh R;Agrawal U C;Garg M O (NO, Indian Institute of Petroleum, Dehradun-248 005) : Energy-related applications of carbon materials-a review. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(2), 93-6.

Carbon materials, which are inert and possess good electrical conductivity, high surface area and layered structure, offer applications as electrodes in re-chargeable batteries, storage media for fuel cell for on-board hydrogen supply, fuel cell components, nano-electronic devices for computer chips, superconductors etc. Reviews current research on carbon materials (fullerenes, nano-sized single and multi-walled carbon tubes, graphene, carbon foam etc.) focusing on producing, distributing and storing energy.

013614   Srivastava A;Saxena M (Space Applications Centre, ISRO, Ahmedabad-380 015) : High speed electronics design for TDI detector. J Spacecraft Technol 2009, 19(1), 1-8.

Describes the design, implementation and test results of camera electronics designed based on tri-array TDI detector. The detector device has three arrays, each having 5200 pixels and 32 stages of integration. It can operate upto line rate of 8kHz and video rate of 11 MHz per port. Camera electronics consists of detector bias generator, clock drivers, timing and synchronization logic and video processor. The design uses state-of-the-art devices with low power and compact size. The main highlights of the design are low noise bias generation, high speed clock drivers with capacitive drive, 4-port video processing with 10-bit digitization and total data rate of 440Mbps. The design is implemented on a development card and the functionality is checked after interfacing with the detector. The electronics design meets the detector functional requirements. The radiometric performance is photon-noise limited.

7 illus, 4 tables, 3 ref

013613   Singh M;Garg M (NO, Central Building Research Institute, Roorkee-247 667) : Activation of fluorogypsum for building materials. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(2), 130-4.

Fluorogypsum, a waste product of hydrofluoric acid industry, has been blended with Ca(OH)₂ and chemical additives followed by fine grinding to give plaster/binder of low consistency, high compressive strength and low water absorption. Addition of lime sludge waste (15-20%) makes suitable binder for building bricks and plastering works.

013612   Singh D;Saini B S;Vinod Kumar (NO, Dr B R Ambedkar National Institute of Technology, Jalandhar-144 011) : Heart rate variability-a bibliographical survey. IETE J Res 2008, 54(3), 209-16.

Study of heart rate variability (HRV) provides a mean for observing the heart's ability to respond to normal regulatory signals that affect its rhythm. The HRV analysis has proven useful in diagnosis, treatment and monitoring of various pathologies. The modern field of HRV processing is extremely diverse, involving many areas like spectral estimation, system modeling, nonlinear dynamics and chaotic analysis, etc. With the recognition of significant relationship between the autonomic nervous system and cardiovascular mortality, efforts for development of autonomic activity have led to the use of HRV as one of the most promising markers. Thus, there is an urgent need to keep a track of advancements and activities taking place in this emerging field. This paper gives a bibliographycal survey and general backgrounds of research and development in the field of HRV based on over 83 published articles. The collected literature has been divided into many sections so that new researchers do not face any difficulty for obtaining literature in this field.

83 ref

013611   Singh B;Kasal G (Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016) : Improved electronic load controller for an isolated asynchronous generator feeding 3-phase 4-wire loads. IETE J Res 2008, 54(4), 244-54.

Deals with a voltage and frequency control of an isolated asynchronous generator feeding 3-phase 4-wire loads in constant power applications where terminal voltage, excitation capacitor, speed and generated power of the generator remain constant under all operating conditions. The proposed controller is functioning as an improved electronic load controller (IELC) to regulate the frequency and as a source of reactive power to regulate the terminal voltage. Three single-phase voltage source converters (VSCs) are connected to each phase of the generator through three single-phase transformers and there is an auxiliary load with a chopper at the self-regulated DC bus of the IELC. These VSCs along with transformers provide their function as a voltage regulator, a harmonic eliminator, a load balancer and a neutral current compensator whereas the chopper and the auxiliary load at the DC bus are used to regulate the frequency. The complete system is modelled and simulated in MATLAB along with Simulink and Power system Block set toolboxes. The simulated results are presented to demonstrate the capability of an isolated generating system driven by uncontrolled pico hydro turbine and feeding 3-phase 4-wire linear/non-linear balanced/unbalanced loads.

8 illus, 19 ref

013610   Singh B;Garg V;Bhuvaneshwari G (Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, New Delhi-110 016) : 24-pulse AC-DC converter employing a pulse doubling technique for vector-controlled induction motor drives. IETE J Res 2008, 54(4), 314-22.

Deals with various multipulse AC-DC converters for improving the power quality in vector-controlled induction motor drives (VCIMDs) at the point of common coupling. These multipulse AC-DC converters are realized using a reduced rating autotransformer. Moreover, DC ripple reinjection is used to double the rectification pulses resulting in an effective harmonic mitigation. The proposed AC-DC converter is able to eliminate up to 21st harmonics in the supply current. The effect of load variation on VCIMD is also studied to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed AC-DC converter. A set of power quality indices on input AC mains and on the DC bus for a VCIMD fed from different AC-DC converters is also given to compare their performance.

17 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

013609   Singh B;Gairola S (Electrical Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016) : Autotransformer-based 36-pulse controlled AC-DC converter. IETE J Res 2008, 54(4), 255-63.

Proposes a non-isolated 36-pulse controlled AC-DC converter for medium power rating drives. It involves pulse multiplication in a 12-pulse AC-DC converter. The approach employs a polygon autotransformer arrangement, which results in a near equal leakage reactance in series with each thyristor bridge. The volt-ampere rating of the autotransformer is observed to be small and the converter meets IEEE-519 standard power-quality requirements over a wide range of firing angle.

12 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

013608   Singh A P;Sharma M;Inderdeep Singh (Mechanical Engg Dep, UIET, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh) : Drilling of fibre reinforced plastic composites. Mfg Technol Today 2008, 7(6), 24-30.

Presents comprehensive and exhaustive review of research done in drilling of fibre reinforced plastic composites. Decades of research shows that by keeping the thrust force below a critical value the drilling induced damage can be prevented. Researchers have played with feed rate and tool geometry (point angle, helix angle, and chisel edge angle) so as to keep thrust force below the critical limit. Lately, researchers have tried to devise intelligent drilling process in which feed rate is continuously manipulated such that thrust force is always kept in the safe limit that is below critical value. Further represents some important directions for minimal drilling induced damage. Gaps in research, where more effort needs to be put in, are also identified towards the end of the paper.

45 ref

013607   Sharma S;Kulkarni S;Ravichandran P N; Lakshminarsimhan P (Digital Systems Group, ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore-560 017) : Design and implementation of GMSK/GFSK modulator for high bit rate satellite communication and onboard wireless systems. J Spacecraft Technol 2009, 19(1), 60-71.

Presents the design, implementation and real time testing of two bandwidth efficient modulators, Gaussian Minimum Shift Keying (GMSK) and Gaussian Frequency Shift Keying (GFSK). Design of Non Nyquist Gaussian filter which is the "critical block of the modulator system is dealt in depth. A novel formula is developed for the coefficient calculation of the filter. The implementation of GMSK and GFSK modulator differs in terms of design of Gaussian filter. Out of various algorithms for modulation, Direct digital synthesizer (DDS) based design has been chosen and implemented. The applications of these bandwidth efficient modulation techniques in satellite communication and future onboard wireless systems are discussed. The designs of modulators are coded in VHDL after system level simulation. For testing, the modulators systems are implemented on Xilinx platform but can be ported to ACTEL A comparison of these modulation techniques with Binary phase shift keying (BPSK) is also carried out. Initially the modulators are designed for 1 Mbps data rate and tested for their performance.

19 illus, 4 ref

013606   Shanmuganantham T;Raghavan S (Electroics & Communication Engineering Dep, National Institute of Technology, Trichy-620 015, Email: eck0601@nitt.edu) : CAD based approach on artificial neural networks for conductor backed coplanar waveguides. IETE J Res 2008, 54(2), 121-7.

Computer aided design (CAD) approach based on artificial neural networks (ANNs) successfully simulated to determine the characteristics parameters such as effective dielectric constant and characteristic impedances of conductor backed coplanar waveguides (CBCPW). These neural models are trained with Levenberg-Marquardt, Bayesian regularization, gradient descent algorithms. The Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm and Bayesian regularization was found to be the best algorithm among all the three algorithms. As a result, ANN models presented in this work can be used easily, simply and accurately to determine the characteristic parameters of the Conductor Backed Coplanar Waveguides.

12 ref

013605   Senthil Kumar V;Srinivasan V V;Lakshmeesha V K;Pal S (Communication Systems Group, ISRO Satellite Centre, Bangalore-560 017) : RF design of dual gimbal antenna. J Spacecraft Technol 2009, 19(1), 72-9.

Describes RF design and test results of a broadband circularly polarized planar array antenna and a RF non contact rotary joint operating at X-band. Planar array antenna and rotary joints are used in Dual Gimbal Antenna (DGA) System of Cartosat-2 series spacecrafts for transmitting the image information to the intended ground station. The antenna position is controlled by DGA mechanism and it points the antenna main beam towards ground station. Broad bandwidth in terms of return loss, axial ratio, and gain has been achieved in microstrip patch array using a technique called sequential rotation. High gain (22 dBi) array has been developed in light weight configuration with weight of 150g. New type of RF non contact type coaxial rotary joint has been developed with excellent electrical performance. After successfully completing all space qualification process, the DGA system has flown in Cartosat-2 spacecraft. On-orbit RF performance of the DGA system is satisfactory.

12 illus, 6 ref

013604   Selvaraj N (Mechanical Engg Dep, National Institute of Technology, Warangal, Email: selva@nitw.ernet.in) : Effects of number of kanbans in pull - production control mechanisms - a simulation study. Mfg Technol Today 2008, 7(7), 11-16.

Study the effect of number of Kanbans in pull production control mechanisms namely, Constant work in process (CONWIP), Extended Kanban Control System (EKCS) and Hybrid EKCS (HEKCS) when a single line multi-stage manufacturing system; Independent Extended Kanban Control System (IEKCS), Simultaneous Extended Kanban Control System (SEKCS), CONWIP, Hybrid IEKCS-CONWIP (HIEKCS) and Hybrid SEKCS- CONWIP (HSEKCS) when multi line and multi stage manufacturing system. G. Liberopolous and Y. Dallery have proposed the EKCS in 2000 with two variants of IEKCS and SEKCS. M. L. Spearman has proposed CONWIP in 1990 where as the author is proposing hybridization of EKCS, IEKCS and SEKCS with CONWIP to exploit the combined advantages. Simulation studies were performed to evaluate the performance measures like Production Rate, Average WIP and Average Waiting Time by varying the number of Kanbans 3,5,7 and 10 per stage for all eight -production control mechanisms. Finally, it is concluded that, the performance measures are affected by varying the number of Kanbans for all eight-control mechanisms. When the number of Kanban increases the production rate average WIP and average waiting time also gradually increases for all control mechanisms. Out of eight control mechanisms the proposed mechanisms of HEKCS, HIEKCS and HSEKCS shows better than EKCS, IEKCS, SEKCS and CONWIP. The author further tested with more than ten kanbans per stage, which reveals that same output.

12 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

013603   Seetharama Rao Y;Mallikarjuna Rao K (Mechanical Engineering Dep, College of Engineering, GITAM, Visakhapatnam-530 045) : Prediction of ground vibrations and frequency in opencast mine using neuro-fuzzy technique. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(4), 292-5.

Proposes a methodology to predict ground vibrations induced by blast in opencast mine. Proposed methodology showed substantial improvement over artificial neural networks and multiple linear regression.

013602   Reddy P S R;Das B;Misra V N (NO, Regional Research Laboratory, Bhubaneswar-13) : Value addition through beneficiation techniques. Indian Min Engng J 2007, 46(1), 25-31.

During the mining and processing of ores for their effective utilisation huge quantities of low grade ores and fines are being generated and lost as dumps and tailings. These waste materials contain lot of valuables. It is necessary to recover these valuables from the point of view of conservation and environmental pollution. Lot of efforts were made to recover most of the minerals by simple beneficiation techniques for value addition. This paper reviews the work carried out in this direction to recover valuable minerals from low grade ores, tailings, fines and waste from mining and mineral processing industries.

6 tables, 14 ref

013601   Rao R S (NO, Defence Electronics Research Laboratory, Hyderabad-500 005) : Emerging trends in microwave receivers. IETE J Res 2008, 54(2), 85-95.

Microwave Receivers form integral part of Electronic Warfare and Radar Systems. The ever increasing use of Electronic Warfare, besides, current scenario of dense and complex signal environment necessitates development of more sophisticated Microwave Receivers and RF front ends. The current trend is towards development of unique class of Microwave Receivers that leverages on both sophisticated analog and digital technologies. The paper gives outline of generic microwave receivers with their limitation in the present day scenario. Further, a few of the technology drivers have been covered which shall give fillip to the development of ultimate state-of-the-art, compact and power efficient microwave receivers. Lastly, some of the advanced technologies and receivers developed in the Laboratory have been briefly covered.

14 illus, 13 ref

013600   Rajamanickam N;Balusamy V;Thyla P R;Hari Vignesh G (Mechanical Engineering Dep, PSG College of Technology, Coimbatore-641 004) : Numerical simulation of thermal history and residual stresses in friction stir welding of Al 2014-T6. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(3), 192-8.

In friction stir welding (FSW), a significant residual stress is present in weld due to complex nature of fixturing system compared to fusion welding. These residual stresses can affect properties of welded components during service. Therefore, for estimating magnitude of welding residual stresses and their nature of distribution along with thermal history, a three dimensional non-linear thermo-mechanical finite element (NLTMFE) model using ANSYS package was developed for butt welded aluminum alloy 2014-T6. Validity of NLTMFE model was established while observing close agreement of temperature history, residual stress patterns with that of experimental values.

013599   Prasad M V R D;Ranga Janardhan G;Ramesh N N (NO, JNTU Engg. College, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Email: 1 dpmandava@rediffmail.com) : Analysis of surface modification through PCBN cutting tool -by dry machining. Mfg Technol Today 2008, 7(6), 15-18.

Dry Machining with Poly Cubtic Boron Nitride (PCBN) cutting tool had significant observations. This phenomenon can be exploited for surface modification by suitable tool material into the machined surface for improved mechanical properties. Metallurgical analysis of such processed surface exhibits the presence of white layer, Eigen analysis frequency spectrum Shaped and fabricated by powder metallurgy technique on En31 material by PCBN cutting tool. A major attraction of this approach is the simultaneous occurrence of machining and surface modification.

2 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

013598   Prasad G K (NO, Defense Research and Development Establishment, Jhansi Road, Gwalior-474 002) : Silver ion exchanged titania nanotubes for decontamination of 2 chloro ethyl phenyl sulphide and dimethyl methyl phosphonate. J scient ind Res 2009, 68(5), 379-84.

Decontamination reactions of chemical warfare agent (CWA) simulants (2 chloro ethyl phenyl sulphide and dimethyl methyl phosphonate) on silver ion exchanged titania nanotubes (Ag⁺-TiO₂ NT) were studied by gas chromatography (GC). Nanotubes (NTs) were synthesized using hydrothermal-ion exchange method and characterized by SEM-energy dispersive analysis of X-rays, N₂ BET, X-ray diffractometry and thermogravimetry. Formation of hydroxy ethyl phenyl sulphide and methyl phosphonic acid exemplified the role of hydrolysis reactions in decontamination of CWA simulants. Reactions seemed to occur considerably faster on Ag⁺-TiO₂ NT indicating catalysis by Ag⁺.