Wakale V S;Nandal D H;Vachane Patil R R
020709 Wakale V S;Nandal D H;Vachane Patil R R (NO, Pravara Institutes of Medical Sciences (DU), Loni-413 736) : Synthesis and biological evaluation of condensed 2,6-disubstituted-[1,2,4]triazolo][5, 1-b][1,3,4] thiadiazol-5-amine derivatives as possible antimicrobial and analgesic agents. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017, 7(1), 45-50.
Two,6-disubstituted-[1,2,4]triazolo][5,1-b][1,3,4]thiadiazol-5-amine derivatives were synthesized by reacting aryl carboxylic acid with thiosemicarbazide to give 2-amino-5-aryl-1,3,4-thiadiazole (1), which were reacted with substituted aldehydes to yield schiff bases 5-aryl 1,3,4-thiadiazole (2). The resulted thiadiazoles were converted to 2,6-disubstituted triazolo-thiadiazoles by reacting hydrazine hydrate in presence of anhydrous FeCl3.6H2O. The structures of these newly synthesized compounds were confirmed on the basis of Elemental analysis, IR, 1H-NMR and Mass spectra. All compounds were screened for antimicrobial and analgesic activities. The antimicrobial activity was determined by cup plate method and analgesic activity was determined by hot plate method. Some of the tested compounds showed significant activity.
3 tables, 15 ref
Verma R S;Padalia R C;Chauhan A;Upadhyay R K; Singh V R
020708 Verma R S;Padalia R C;Chauhan A;Upadhyay R K; Singh V R (NO, CSIR-Central Institute of Medicinal and Aromatic Plants (CIMAP), Research Centre, Pantnagar, Uttarakhand, Email: rs.verma@cimap.res.in) : Optimization of distillation conditions fo better recovery of Acorus calamus L. essential oil. J essential Oil Res 2017, 29(3), 271-5.
The comminution and distillation time are two important factors, which affect the essential oil yield and/or composition of aromatic plants significantly. To find out the suitable comminution process and optimum distillation time for isolation of essential oil from Acorus calamus L., an experiment was conducted. The comminuted rhizomes (sliced and powdered) were hydrodistilled for different durations and their yields and compositions were compared. Distillation of uncomminuted rhizome for 8 hours gave 2.37% of essential oil. However, in comminuted rhizomes, yield varied from 2.27 to 6.60% under different distillation durations. The resulting essential oils were analyzed using GC-FID and GC-MS. Twenty-seven constituents, representing 94.7-97.2% of the total oil compositions were identified. Major constituents of the oils were (Z)-asarone (84.8-91.2%), and (E)-asarone (2.5-5.2%). The comminution and distillation time showed noteworthy effect on the essential oil yield; however, they showed no major change on the essential oil composition of A. calamus. It was concluded that powdering of dried rhizomes and effecting distillation for 4 hours are appropriate parameters for extracting maximum essential oil from A. calamus at laboratory scale.
2 illus, 1 table, 25 ref
Verma A;Rathor D S;VidyaSagar G;Verma B K
020707 Verma A;Rathor D S;VidyaSagar G;Verma B K (NO, Institute of Pharmacy -NIMS Univ-Jaipur, Rajasthan, Email: bhupeshalka@gmail.com) : Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for simultaneous estimation of cefexime and linezolid. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2016, 7(8), 5130-4.
This work is concerned with application of simple, accurate, precise and highly selective reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous estimation of cefexime and linezolid in combined dosage form. Chromatographi separation was achieved by using a reverse phase C18 coloum (Hypersil BDS 250X 4.6X5μm). The mobile phase composed methanol: potassium dihydrogen phosphate buffer in ratio 40:60 at flow rate of 1ml/min. The pH was adjusted to 3.5 with TEA. Detection was carried out using a UV-vis detector at 277 nm. The mean retention time of cefexime and linezolid was found to be 3.76 min 6.55 min respectively. The method was found to be linear in the range of 5 - 15 μg /ml and 15 -45 μg /ml for cefexime and linezolid respectively, with mean recovery of 99.81-100.14% cefexime and 99.99-100.47% for linezolid the correlation coefficient for both cefexime and linezolid were closed to one. The developed method was validated according to ICH guidelines and values of accuracy, precision and other statistical analysis were found to be in good accordance with the prescribe values thus proposed method was successfully applied for simultaneous determination of cefexime and linezolid in routine analysis of formulation.
4 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref
Vennila K;Pattarayan R
020706 Vennila K;Pattarayan R (Paediatrics Dep, National institute of Siddha, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Email: drvennila2@gmail.com) : Anti inflammatory activity of a siddha herbal drug sengathaari root bark (SRB) decoction in experimental rats. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2016, 7(6), 5089-93.
Siddha is the indigenous system of Medicine practiced in South India especially in Tamil Nadu. The Siddha system is dealing with natural system of medicines, with fewer side effects and for this reason it is still thriving steadily as living science even amidst the more advanced modern medical science. Inflammation is a local response of living mammalian tissues to injury. It is a body defense reaction in order to eliminate or limit the spread of injurious agent. In the present investigation, Sengathaari Root bark decoction was prepared as per the method given in siddha text and studied for anti-inflammatory activity in experimental rats. In the present study, the sengathari root bark was evaluated for its anti-inflammatory activity by carrageenan induced rat paw edema model and cotton pellet granuloma method of inflammatory response. In the present study the drug sengathaari root bark was found to possess good anti-inflammatory active both in acute and chronic models in experimental rats.
2 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref
Venkateswara Rao B;Vidyadhara S;Nagaraju B; Jhonbi S K
020705 Venkateswara Rao B;Vidyadhara S;Nagaraju B; Jhonbi S K (NO, Chebrolu Hanumaiah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chowdavaram, Chandramoulipuram, Guntur, Andhra Pradesh, Email: venkat.jabili@gmail.com) : Novel stability indicating RP-HPLC method development and validation for the determination of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and emtricitabine in bulk and pharmaceutical formulations. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2168-76.
The prime aim and object of present investigation is to develop and validate a novel, precise, accurate, specific, rapid and economic stability- indicating isocratic reverse phase liquid chromatography method for the quantitative simultaneous estimation of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Emtricitabine in bulk and marketed formulations. Estimation of drugs in this combination was achieved with a C18 column [Agilent TC-C18 (2) column. 5mm, 4.6 x 250 mm]kept at ambient temperature, using mobile phase of composition Methanol and phosphate buffer (30:70 v/v, pH 4).The flow rate was 1.0 ml/min and the effluents were monitored at 261 nm, using variable wavelength UV detector. The retention time of Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Emtricitabine were 2.81min and 4.72min respectively. Validation of the method was done according to the ICH guidelines for different analytical parameters. The method was found to be linear over a range of 40-80mg/ml for Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Emtricitabine. The established method proved as reproducible one with a %RSD value of less than 2 and having the robustness and accuracy within the specified limits. Assay of marketed formulation was determined and find with 97.58% and 97.88% for Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate and Emtricitabine respectively. The stressed samples were - 163 - analyzed and this proposed method was found to be specific and stability indicating as no interfering peaks of degradation compounds and excipients were noticed. Successfully employed in the estimation of commercial formulations. This liquid chromatographic method can be applied for the qualitative and quantitative determination of selected drugs by the modern chemist.
24 ref
Vathalani D;Peshattiwar V V;Sathaye S
020704 Vathalani D;Peshattiwar V V;Sathaye S (PHarmaceutical Sciences and Technology Dep, Institute of Chemical Technology (ICT), Nathalal Parekh Marg, Matunga-East, Mumbai-400 019, Email: sadhanasathaye@hotmail.com) : Anti-oxidant potential of methanolic extract of Trigonella foenum, Trachyspermum copticum, Nigella sativa and their combination in 1:1:1 ratio. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(4), 1701-7.
Trigonella foenum (T. foenum), Trachyspermum copticum (T. copticum) and Nigella sativa (N. sativa) are important medicinal plants that need to be explored for their anti-oxidant potential. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the total anti-oxidant potential of methanolic extracts of T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa and the combination of these methanolic extracts in 1:1:1 ratio (Combination 1:1:1). The total phenolic content of the methanolic extracts of T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa and the Combination 1:1:1 was evaluated. Further the total anti-oxidant activity of the extracts was assessed by determining their total reducing capacity, DPPH radical scavenging activity and lipid peroxidation inhibition potential. The total reducing capacity was found to be 75.61, 115, 110.97 and 128.65 equivalents of ascorbic acid (μg)/mg for extract of T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa, Combination 1:1:1 respectively. The IC50 for DPPH radical scavenging activity obtained for T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa and Combination 1:1:1 was 2428.45, 316.18, 457.94 and 107.85 μg/ml respectively. The inhibition potential of lipid peroxidation was 3.26, 1.27, 1.62 and 0.94 μg/ml for T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa and Combination 1:1:1 respectively. The results of the present study suggest that T. foenum, T. copticum, N. sativa and Combination 1:1:1 provide a potential natural source of anti-oxidants, with combination 1:1:1 exhibiting the highest activity.
16 ref
Vasani M P;Doshi D B;Rana P J;Patel D V
020703 Vasani M P;Doshi D B;Rana P J;Patel D V (Quality Assurance Dep, L.M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009) : Development and validation of HPLC method for estimation of temsirolimus in parentral dosage form. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 165-73.
Temsirolimus is a derivative and prodrug of sirolimus,used in treatment of renal cell carcinoma. A simple, precise, rapid and accurate reverse phase high performance liquid chromatography method was successfully developed and validated for estimation of temsirolimus in parenteral dosage form. Chromatographic separation was achieved on a phenomenexSynergiTM 4 μm Fusion- RP 80 Angstrum (250 X 4.6 mm, 4 μm)using mobile phase containing component A and component B (25:75), where component A is 0.1%v/v formic acid : THF (90:10) and component B is methanol at the flow rate 1.0 mL/min with UV detection at 277 nm. The column was kept at 50°C. A linear response was observed in the range of 50-120 μg/mL with correlation co-efficient of 0.9998. The mean percent recoveries of temsirolimusin parenteral dosage form were found to be in the range of 98.61-99.35%. The intraday and inter-day precision were found to be within limits. The proposed method has adequate specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility for quality control assay of temsirolimusin parenteral dosage form without any interference from excipients.
10 ref
Uwaya A;Isami F;Abe Y;Jensen C J;Deng S;West B J
020702 Uwaya A;Isami F;Abe Y;Jensen C J;Deng S;West B J (NO, Morinda Worldwide, Inc. 3-2-2 Nishishinjuku, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-0023, Japan) : Topical antiaging activity of a combination of Morinda citrifolia (noni) seed concentrate, fruit juice, leaf juice, and seed oil. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(1), 8-24.
A 4-week, open-label clinical trial, was conducted to evaluate the potential of Morinda citrifolia (noni) seed extract, in combination with other noni extracts, to improve skin quality. Two investigational products, containing noni ingredients, were applied daily for 4 weeks by 10 healthy, adult, volunteers. These contained noni seed concentrate as the major ingredient. Phytochemical analyses were also conducted on noni seed concentrate. Pre and post-test digital microscope images of the cheek revealed improvements in skin texture and brightness, less pigmentation, and reduction in red skin tone. Significant improvements also occurred in fine wrinkle, skin texture, skin clearness, skin spots, skin brightness and pore scores. The greatest impact was on skin clearness and pores, with respective average improvements of approximately 30% and 39%. Facial melanin concentration decreased by approximately 11%, with an accompanying 13% decline in erythema. Skin surface moisture increased by approximately 24%. The scopoletin concentration (mean ± standard error) of noni seed concentrate was 1.62 ± 0.20 mg/g, with 1.00 ± 0.24 mg/g ursolic acid and 69.33 ± 0.18 mg/g deacetylasperulosidic acid also being detected. The results substantiate the traditional uses of the noni plant for the improvement of skin health. The phytochemical analyses revealed the presence of biologically active compounds which likely explain the antiaging effects of these investigational products which contain noni seed extract.
4 illus, 53 ref
Utkarsh Raj;Pathak S;Aier I;Gupta S;Varadwaj P K
020701 Utkarsh Raj;Pathak S;Aier I;Gupta S;Varadwaj P K (Applied Sciences Dep, Indian Institute of Information Technology-Allahabad, Allahabad-211 012, Uttar Pradesh, Email: pritish@iiita.ac.in) : In silico finding of the putative drug targets from hypothetical set of proteins for Mycobacterium leprae TN. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2100-21.
Leprosy is a chronic granulomatous disease caused by acid-fast bacilli Mycobacterium leprae. It is most prevalent in tropical countries and poses a threat to over 122 countries across the globe. In 2012, 232857 new cases of leprosy were registered in the world. World Health Organization (WHO), recommended the Multi Drug Therapy (MDT) for treatment of leprosy, but the minimum duration of treatment ranges from 6-12 months. Therefore, the need of a new putative target for treatment of leprosy, which is effective in leprosy and reduces the duration of treatment. The Proteome information available suggests that among the 1603 proteins in M. leprae TN, a staggering 27% or more remains classified as hypothetical uncharacterized set of proteins. In this present work we, assign the probable functions of hypothetical set of proteins present in M. leprae to explore their plausible role as new putative drug targets. Out of 442,177 hypothetical protein sequences had GO term. Of these, 43 sequences had disease ontology (DO) term, 59 sequences had human phenotype (HP) term and out of these 43 sequences, 16 sequences were found to contain only DO term, while 27 sequences had both HP and DO term. Out of 177, 15 sequences were found to be associated with 39 KEGG reference pathway pathways. Out of 39 pathways, inositol phosphate metabolism, fatty acid degradation, ethylbenzene degradation, sulfur relay system and limonene & pinene degradation were common metabolic pathway, which might be used as putative drug target for M. leprae.
30 ref
Usharani P;GayatriDevi C;Kiran Kishore K;Uday Kumar C
020700 Usharani P;GayatriDevi C;Kiran Kishore K;Uday Kumar C (Clinical Pharmacology & Therapeutics Dep, Nizam's Institute of Medical Sciences, Panjagutta, Hyderabad-500 082, Email: ushapingali@yahoo.com) : Effect of proprietary chromium complex and its individual components versus chromium picolinate, chromium polynicotinate and chromium dinicocysteinate on endothelial function, biomarkers and lipid profile in type 2 diabetics - a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2267-76.
Hyperglycemia may induce endothelial dysfunction. Chromium Supplementation enhances endothelial relaxation and may improve endothelial dysfunction. Present study was planned to evaluate effect of proprietary chromium complex(PPC) and its individual components on endothelial dysfunction and lipid profile in type 2diabetics. Study was done in two parts. In part I, PPC 400mcg produced significant improvement in endothelial function compared to PPC 200mcg and placebo. In part II, 96 eligible subjects were randomized to chromium chloride 400mcg, Phyllanthus emblica 6mg and Shilajit 6mg, chromium picolinate 400mcg, chromium polynicotinate 400mcg and chromium dinicocysteinate 400mcg and compared to PPC - 160 - 400mcg. Efficacy parameters were change in endothelial function(
42 ref
Ugwoke C E C;Anze S P G;Nweze A E;Obisike C V
020699 Ugwoke C E C;Anze S P G;Nweze A E;Obisike C V (Pharmacognosy and Environmental Medicines Dep, Nigeria Univ, Nsukka, Nigeria, Email: christopher.ugwoke@unn.edu.ng) : Pharmacognostic evaluation of the leaf of Antiaris toxicaria (family : Moraceae). Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2696-700.
Antiaris toxicaria is a tree in the mulberry and fig family of Moraceae. The leaf is used to remedy various ailments but the preparation depends on individuals. There is a need to set a standard for its preparation that would ensure optimum therapeutic benefits. Medicinal plants are generally reputed as cheaper and safer alternatives to synthetic drugs but these are often adulterated with inferior materials thereby affecting the overall therapeutic advantage. Pharmacognostic studies on such medicinal plants are therefore necessary to set standards for the preparation of herbals. Macroscopic and microscopic studies, including anatomical sectioning, chemo-microscopic, fluorescent analysis, and numerical and quantitative leaf microscopy were evaluated according to standard and reported method. The leaf is simple, lanceolate or oblong, alternate, with reticulate venation, acute apex and cuneate base. Types of calcium oxalate crystals found were rosettes and prisms. Stomata are anomocytic with epidermal cells radiating around the stoma. Leaf is isobilateral. It has cellulose, tannins (condensed), calcium carbonate, fats and fatty oils, proteins, lignin, starch. Numerical and quantitative features are within standard range. The diagnostic features established from this research are a useful guide for correct identity and quality assurance in the preparation of A. toxicaria leaf for curative purposes.
5 illus, 5 tables, 20 ref
Tungadi R;Moo D R;Mozin W R
020698 Tungadi R;Moo D R;Mozin W R (Pharmacy Dep, Faculty of Sport and Health, State Univ of Gorontalo, Gorontalo, Indonesia, Email: rtungadi@yahoo.com) : Characterization and physical stability evaluation of snakehead fish (Ophiocephalus striatus) powder nanoemulsion. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2720-4.
Snakehead fish powder containing albumin has macromolecule size which is difficult to penetrate into membrane cell. So, It was formulated into nanoemulsion utilizing the best comparison of surfactant, co-surfactant and oil. Nanoemulsion of snakehead fish powder was characterized by particle size analyzer. The snakehead fish were extracted by atomizer (-40 °C, 1atm) to gain powder which was formulated into nanoemulsion by spontaneous emulsification method using the best comparison of oleic acid, propylene glycol and Tween 80 (1:10). Propylene glycol was added into Tween 80 and oleic acid and stirred until homogeneous mixture. Then water, containing 0.125% of snakehead fish powder, was added drop by drop until becoming a transparent solution by sonication. It was characterized by UV-Vis Spectrophotometry and Particle Size Analyzer. The results of this research showed that snakehead fish nanoemulsion generated clear, - 159 - stable, and translucent formula having the transmittance value of 100%. The characterization results described nanoemulsion had the average particle size of 147.63 nm. Meanwhile, the average of polydispersity index and zeta potential values were 0.234 and 13.38 mV. This means that nanoemulsion was stable having a uniform particle size, pH 5.5, and the viscosity value of 136.7 cP. The results of the evaluation and preparation stability test showed a good level of stability with the viscosity and pH by one way ANOVA analysis which did not change significantly.
3 illus, 5 tables, 17 ref
Thorat V;Ghone V
020697 Thorat V;Ghone V (Government College Pharmacy, SGB Univ, Amravati-444 604, Email: vishalthorat15@gmail.com) : Pharmacognostic and phytochemical studies of Syzygium cumini. Int J Pharmac 2017, 4(12), 387-98.
Eugenia jambolana Lam., commonly known as black plum or "jamun" is an important medicinal plant in various traditional systems of medicine. It is effective in the treatment of diabetes mellitus, inflammation, ulcers and diarrhea and preclinical studies have also shown it to possess chemopreventive, radioprotective and antineoplastic properties. The plant is rich in compounds containing anthocyanins, glucoside, ellagic acid, isoquercetin, kaemferol and myrecetin. The seeds are claimed to contain alkaloid, jambosine, and glycoside jambolin or antimellin, which halts the diastatic conversion of starch into sugar. The present review has been primed to describe the existing data on the information on traditional and medicinal use.
^iia8 illus, 12 ref
Thorat S V;Ishi M V;Jadhav A S;Patil S R; Landge S S;Suryawanshi R
020696 Thorat S V;Ishi M V;Jadhav A S;Patil S R; Landge S S;Suryawanshi R (Pharmaceutics Dep, K.V.P.S's Institute of Pharmaceutical Education, Boradi) : Formulation and evaluation of fast disintegrating tablets of ondansetron with natural and synthetic super disintegrating agents. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 654-65.
The formulation and evaluation of FDT of odansetron by using natural and synthetic superdisintrating agent this type of delivery have used for fast action. Ondansetron a widely - 158 - prescribed anti-ulcer drug belongs to BCS class II and exhibit low and variable oral bioavailability due to its poor solubility and dissolution rate and having high permeation rate. In the present work, oral disintegrating tablets of Ondansetron were developed with a view to enhance the patient compliance and provide quick onset of action. Ondansetron is a serotonin 5- HT3 receptor antagonist used mainly as an anti-emetic (to treat nausea and vomiting). It affects both peripheral and central nerves. Ondansetron reduces the action of the vagus nerve, which deactivate the vomiting centre, and also block serotonin receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone. It has slight effect on vomiting caused by motion sickness, since drug is highly bitter. The drug solid dispersed coated granules showed no bitterness in the taste. Oral disintegrating tablets prepared by direct compression method using super disintegrants like cross carmellose sodium, sodium starch glycolate, in different concentrations and evaluated for the pre-compression parameters such as bulk density, compressibility and angle of repose. The arranged batches of tablets were evaluated for hardness, weight variation, thickness, friability, drug content, disintegration time and in-vitro dissolution profile and found satisfactory.
9 ref
Thakariya N V;Ezhava S B
020695 Thakariya N V;Ezhava S B (Quality Assurance Dep, L. M. College of Pharmacy, Navrangpura, Ahmedabad-380 009) : Development and validation of UV spectrophotometric method for the estimation of tofacitinib citrate. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 401-8.
Tofacitinib is a drug of the Janus kinase (JAK) inhibitor class, It is currently approved for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) in the United States and other countries. A simple, sensitive and economical UV spectrophotometric method has been developed for the estimation of Tofacitinib Citrate in bulk drug and laboratory prepared mixture. The proposed method obeyed Beer's law in the concentration range of 5-25 μg/mL with correlation coefficientr=0.9998. Accuracy was confirmed by recovery studies and mean recovery was found to be 100.28±0.65. The intraday and inter day precision were found to be within limits.The proposed methods have adequate specificity, sensitivity and reproducibility for quality control assay of Tofacitinib Citrate in bulk and laboratory prepared mixture.
10 ref
Taviyad M;Patel N;Chotaliya U;Singh S;Patel A;Patel A;Vyas A
020694 Taviyad M;Patel N;Chotaliya U;Singh S;Patel A;Patel A;Vyas A (Quality Assurance Dep, B. K. Mody Government Pharmacy College, Polytechnic campus, Near Aji dam, Rajkot-360 003) : Chromatographic method development and validation for related substance. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 32-9.
Analytical method for the determination of related substances in various drug product was developed in reversed phase high performance liquid chromatography.RP-HPLC is the dominant separation technique in modern pharmaceutical and biomedical analysis because it results in highly efficient separations and in most cases provides high detection sensitivity. Most of the drugs in multi component dosage forms can be analyzed by HPLC method because of the several advantages like rapidity, specificity, accuracy, precision and ease of automation in this method. HPLC methods development and validation play important roles in new discovery, development, manufacture of pharmaceutical drugs and various other studies related to humans and animals. An analytical procedure is developed to test a defined characteristic of the drug substance or drug product against established acceptance criteria for that characteristic. This review gives information regarding various stages involved in development and validation of HPLC method. Validation of HPLC method as per ICH Guidelines covers all the performance characteristics of validation, like Accuracy, precision, specificity, linearity, range and limit of detection, limit of quantification, robustness.
8 ref
Taneja R;Gupta G D
020693 Taneja R;Gupta G D (Pharmaceutical Research Div Dep, ASBASJSM College of Pharmacy, Bela (Ropar) Affiliated to I.K. Gujral Punjab Technical Univ, Jalandhar, Punjab, Email: tanejaipr@gmail.com) : In-vitro study of amlodipine and nifedipine drugs on pulsatile drug delivery system. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(4), 1820-5.
To develop pulsatile microspheres of amlodipine and nifedipine drug release, a blend of polymer and solvent were used with pulsatile principles of drug delivery system to modified drug release pattern on and to release the drug at a particular time on the basis of lag time. In this study, we assessed the in vitro drug release pattern of the formulation prepared from different polymers ratio with the drugs of calcium channel blockers i.e. Amlodipine and Nifedipine. Different formulations of Amlodipine and Nifedipine were prepared using polymers Eudragit RS100, Eudragit S100, Carbopol 971P and polyvinyl alcohol. Optimum formulations were selected from both the drugs of pulsatile microsphere formulation such as formulation N12 from Nifedipine drug and A5 from amlodipine drug by conducting evaluation parameters for microsphere. In vitro studies were carried out for both the formulation and compared to each others. Kinetics drug released kinetics model fitted for both the drugs of optimum formulation for N12 and A5. Formulation N12 showed first order kinetics model and formulation A5 showed zero - 157 - order kinetics models. Hence both the drugs showed a pulsatile effect, drug released from both the formulation at a particular lag time. The pulsatile dosage form of drug could be useful in chronopharmacotherapy of the treatment of hypertension.
18 ref
Talsaniya M B;Dabhi M R;Sheth N R;Dudhrejiya A V
020692 Talsaniya M B;Dabhi M R;Sheth N R;Dudhrejiya A V (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Saurashtra Univ, Rajkot-360 005) : Formulation and evaluation of mouth dissolving tablet of fexofenadine hydrocloride. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 539-56.
The purpose of current study was to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of fexofenadine HCl by co-grinding with different diluents. Simplex lattice design was utilized in the present study. The amount of diluent- X1 (D-mannitol), X2 (lactose), X3 (MCC) were selected as independent variables. Average particle size (Y1), saturation solubility (Y2) and the amount of drug release in 5 min (Y3) were taken as the responses. In each diluent mixture, appropriate amount of fexofenadine HCl mixed. These mixtures were co-ground by ball mill for two different time intervals (3hrs and 6hrs). Prepared physical mixtures and various co-ground mixtures were evaluated for different densities, flow property, average particle size, drug content, saturation solubility, in vitro dissolution study. From the results co-ground mixture ABII (D-mannitol, lactose and drug co ground for 6 hrs) was found to be optimized. FTIR and DSC study shows that there was no any interaction between drug and excipients. Contour plot, overlay contour and response surface plot of the variables were prepared by statistic-7. Mouth Dissolving Tablet of optimized co-ground mixture was prepared by direct compression method using sucralose as sweetener and crospovidone as superdisintegrant. Prepared MDTs were evaluated for different pre-compression parameters and different post-compression parameters. All evaluation parameters were passed by prepared MDTs. There was enhancement of solubility of fexofenadine HCl and dissolution rate thus the MDTs shown faster release.
12 ref
Swathi Krishna C;Chandra R;Khaleel K M
020691 Swathi Krishna C;Chandra R;Khaleel K M (Research Centre in Botany, Sir Syed College, Taliparamba, Kerala-670 142, Email: swathikrishnas@gmail.com) : Phytochemical screening and GC-MS studies of Syzygium dhaneshiana leaf and bark extracts. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2277-81.
Syzygium dhaneshiana is a new plant species of Syzygium is described from the Southern Western Ghats, Kerala, India. The medicinal values of the plant is so far unexplored, hence the study forms a basis for the bioactive components present in the plant. The aim of this study is to screen the phytochemicals present in the leaf and bark of the plant and the analysis of bioactive components present in it. The leaves and bark were successively extracted using petroleum ether, chloroform, ethanol and water based on the increasing order of polarity. The result reveals the presence of Carbohydrates, protein, amino acid, alkaloids and phenols in all the extracts. Saponin, fixed oils and fats were present in the leaf extracts. The GCMS analysis reports shows the presence of 17 Compounds in the leaf ethanolic and 19 in leaf chloroform extract of Syzygium dhaneshiana by comparing their retention time and their mass spectra. The bark ethanolic and chloroform comprises of 14 &16 Compounds respectively. Among the identified compounds major bioactive compounds are - 156 - 2-Fluoroformyl-3,3,4,4-tetrafluoro-1,2-oxazetidine, 2,4, di tert-butylphenol, Cetene, E- 15. Heptadecenal, Neophytadiene, phytol and Nonacos-1-ene. The presence of bioactive compounds confirms that Syzygium dhaneshiana is a medicinal source and it may proceed to discover a novel drug.
5 ref
Swarnalatha N;Maravajhala V
020690 Swarnalatha N;Maravajhala V (pharmaceutics Dep, Malla Reddy pharmacy college, Hyderabad, Telangana) : Formulation and evaluation of taste masked oral disintegrating tablets of loratadine. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017, 7(3), 353-9.
The aim of the present research work was to mask the intensely bitter taste of Loratadine and to formulate an orally-disintegrating tablet (ODT)) of the taste-masked drug. Loratadine is an anti-histamine that reduces the effects of natural chemical histamine in body there by reduces sneezing, itching, watery eyes and running nose. In this present study, Eudragit L-100 as the taste masking agent and sodium starch glycolate and croscarmellose sodium as super disintegrants were used. Taste masked granules of Loratadine were prepared using different ratios of Loratadine and Eudragit L-100 (1:1,1:2,1:3) by wet granulation method and evaluated for precompression parameters. The optimum ratio (1:3) of drug and Eudragit L-100 was selected based on taste masking effect for preparing Oral disintegrating tablets of Loratadine using different percentages of the super disintegrants (3%, 6%, 9%) by wet granulation method. The prepared tablets were evaluated for post compression parameters like hardness, friability, disintegration time, invitro dissolution studies.From this study, it is concluded that the taste masked Loratadine oral disintegrating tablets can be successfully prepared by EudragitL-100 as a taste masking agent (1:3) and sodium starch glycolate (9%) as super disintegrant as it has shown 100% drug release with in 20 mins.
2 illus, 5 tables, 20 ref
Sulthana R;Dutt K R;Vasanthi R;Raja M A;Rao K N V
020689 Sulthana R;Dutt K R;Vasanthi R;Raja M A;Rao K N V (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Nalanda college of Pharmacy, Charlapally, Nalgonda (dist), Telangana) : Validated RP-HPLC method for the estimation of vortioxetine in bulk and in tablets. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(2), 611-24.
A rapid and precise reverse phase high performance liquid chromatographic method has been developed for the validated of Vortioxetine in its pure form - 155 - as well as in tablet dosage form. Chromatography was carried out on ODS C18 (4.6 x 250 mm, 5 <109>m) column using Acetonitrile (100% v/v) as the mobile phase at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min, the detection was carried out at 274nm. The retention time of the Vortioxetine was 2.252 ± 0.02min. The method produce linear responses in the concentration range of 10-50 μg/ml of Vortioxetine. The method precision for the determination of assay was below 2.0%RSD. The method is useful in the quality control of bulk and pharmaceutical formulations.
8 ref
Sucharitha S T;Sreeja V
020688 Sucharitha S T;Sreeja V (Community Medicine Dep, Tagore Medical College and Hospital, Chennai, Email: sucharithat2@gmail.com) : Evaluating feasibility and potential impact of 'whatsapp' smart phone application education intervention on self-medication practices of medical and non-medical profes-sional course students in Chennai, South India. Perspectives med Res 2017, 5(1), 3-8.
Self-medication is defined as consuming drugs without advice of a physician and is wide prevalent among youth. Smart phone application Whatsapp was introduced in 2009 and is a popular mode of communication among professional course students. This project aims to study the impact of 'whatsapp' smart phone application intervention on self-medication practices among professional course students. To capture the knowledge, attitude and self-medication practices among medical and non-medical professional course students in Tagore Educational Institutions, Chennai and to assess the effect of 'whatsapp' smartphone application intervention on self-medication practices among the experimental group. A pre test and post test, was conducted to assess the knowledge, attitude and self medication practices among medical and non-medical students of Tagore Educational Institutes, Chennai. The intervention phase included the design and delivery of educational content on perspectives of self-medication through whatsapp to study participants. The prevalence of self-medication practice is 83%, 81% and 55% in medical, dental and engineering group respectively. At the endline survey after the intervention to medical group, the prevalence in all the above groups as 80%,50% and 74% respectively Self-medication is found to be common among medical students.The results demonstrate that there is no significant change in knowledge, attitude and practise of self-medication after intervention using a mobile application.The use and impact of mobileapps for health information communication can be explored in detail with various other health related topics.
3 tables, 14 ref
Sri S J;Bhikshapathi D V R N
020687 Sri S J;Bhikshapathi D V R N (NO, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Univ, Kukatpally, Hyderabad-500 072, Email: dbpathi71@gmail.com) : Development and optimization of fast dissolving oral film containing aripiprazole. Int J pharm Sci Drug Res 2017, 9(6), 327-33.
The present investigation was aimed with the objective of developing fast dissolving oral films of Aripiprazole to attain quick onset of action for the better management of Schizophrenia. Fourteen formulations (F1-F14) of Aripiprazole mouth dissolving films by solvent-casting method using HPMC E5, HPMC E15, Maltodextrin, PG and PVA. Formulations were evaluated for their physical characteristics, thickness, folding endurance, tensile strength, disintegration time, - 154 - drug content uniformity and drug release characteristics and found to be within the limits. Among the prepared formulations F13 showed minimum disintegration time 10 sec, maximum drug was released i.e. 99.49 ± 0.36% of drug within 8 min when compared to the other formulations and finalized as optimized formulation. FTIR data revealed that no interactions take place between the drug and polymers used in the optimized formulation. The in vitro dissolution profiles of marketed product and optimized formulation was compared and found to be the drug released was 20.73 ± 0.25 after 8 min. Therefore, it can be a good alternative to conventional Aripiprazole for immediate action. In vitro evaluation of the Aripiprazole fast dissolving oral films confirmed their potential as an innovative dosage form to improve delivery and quick onset of action of Aripiprazole. The mouth dissolving film is potentially useful for the treatment of Schizophrenia where the quick onset of action is desired.
13 illus, 9 tables, 12 ref
Sri Kumaran N;Vijayaraj R;Swarnakala
020686 Sri Kumaran N;Vijayaraj R;Swarnakala (Marine Biotechnology Dep, AMET Univ, Ranathur, Chennai-603 112, Email: s.kumaran08@gmail.com) : Biosynthesis of sliver nano particles from Leucas aspera (Willd.) link and its anti-inflammatory potential against carrageen induced paw edema in rats. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2588-93.
Synthesis of metal nanoparticles has become an important branch of nanotechnology and there is an increasing commercial demand for nanoparticles due to their wide applications. The present study was carried to synthesize silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using the ethanolic extract of the Leucas aspera and evaluate its in-vitro anti inflammatory activity. The synthesis was done by using the ethanolic solution of L. aspra extract and AgNO3. The AgNPs were characterized using UV-Spectroscopic analysis, Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Fourier Transform Infra Red Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. UV-Vis spectral analysis shows a maximum absorption peak at 421.00 nm. The FTIR spectra of AgNPs exhibited prominent peaks at 3697cm-1,1761cm-1,1390cm-1, 831cm-1 which are associated with OH stretching, C=C stretching, CH stretching respectively. The SEM analysis of the synthesized AgNPs clearly showed the clustered and irregular shapes, mostly aggregated and having the size of 25-80 nm. The synthesized AgNPs exhibited an enhanced anti inflammatory activity due to the synergistic effect of phytoconstituents in L. aspera extract and the silver ions.
5 illus, 1 table, 23 ref
Soppari S;Kethavath M;Farheen M D S
020685 Soppari S;Kethavath M;Farheen M D S (Pharmacology Dep, Slc's College of Pharmacy, Pigilipur (V), R.R (Dist)-501 512) : Method development and validation for the estimation of Rasagiline mesylate by HPTLC. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(1), 156-60.
Rasagiline Mesylate is a chemical inhibitor of the enzyme monoamineoxidase type-B which has a major role in the inactivation of biogenic and diet-derived amines in the central nervous system. Rasagiline is a propargylamine-based drug indicated or the treatment of idiopathic Parkinson's disease. Rasagiline is freely soluble in water, ethanol and sparingly soluble in isopropyl alcohol. It is a chiral compound with one asymmetric - 153 - carbon atom in a five member ing with an absolute R-configuration which is produced as single enantiomer. A simple and sensitive thin-layer chromatographic method has been established for analysis of Rasagiline Mesylate in pharmaceutical dosage form. Chromatography on silica gel 60 F254 plates with 6:1: 2(v/v/v) butanol-methanol water as mobile phase furnished compact spots at RF 0.76±0.01. Densitometry analysis was performed at 255 nm. To show the specificity of the method, Rasagiline Mesylate was subjected to acid, base, neutral hydrolysis, oxidation, photolysis, and thermal decomposition, and the peaks of degradation products were well resolved from that of the pure drug. Linear regression analysis revealed a good linear relationship between peak area and amount of Rasagiline Mesylate in the range of 100-300 ng/band. The minimum amount of Rasagiline Mesylate that could be authentically detected and quantified was 11.15 and 37.11 ng/band, respectively. The method was validated, in accordance with ICH guidelines for precision, accuracy, and robustness. Since the method could effectively separate the drug from its degradation products, it can be regarded as stability indicating.
7 ref
Sonmezdag A S;Kelebek H;Selli S
020684 Sonmezdag A S;Kelebek H;Selli S (Gastronomy and Culinary Arts Dep, Gaziantep Univ, Gaziantep, Turkey, Email: sselli@cu.edu.tr) : Characterization and comparative evaluation of volatile, phenolic and antioxidant properties of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) hull. J essential Oil Res 2017, 29(3), 262-70.
Pistachio hull is a good source of natural phenolics and antioxidants. Thanks to these bioactive molecules, the use of pistachio hull as nutritional ingredients in foods has attracted the interest of the food industry. In this study, phenolic compounds, antioxidant capacity, total phenol content, and volatile compounds were measured in the hull of two cultivars of pistachio, Uzun and Ohadi. LC-ESI-MS/MS method was used for the phenolic compounds analysis; 11 compounds were identified and quantified in the samples in which the major phenolic compound was gallic acid. The aroma composition of the pistachio hulls was isolated by SAFE (solvent-assisted flavor evaporation) method with dichloromethane and analyzed by GC-MS. Aroma compounds, including terpenes, acids, alcohols, phenols, and benzenes, were identified in both types of hulls, numbering 22 in the Uzun variety and 20 in the Ohadi. A significant linear correlation was confirmed between total phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of hull extracts.
2 illus, 4 tables, 30 ref
Sobiyi O K;Kamatou G P P;Viljoen A M;Magee A R;Van Wyk B E
020683 Sobiyi O K;Kamatou G P P;Viljoen A M;Magee A R;Van Wyk B E (Botany and Plant Biotechnology Dep, Johannesburg Univ, Johannesburg, South Africa, Email: bevanwyk@uj.ac.za) : Volatile constituents of Notobubon and Nanobubon (apiaceae, tribe tordylieae). J essential Oil Res 2017, 29(4), 289-98.
The essential oil composition and headspace volatiles from the aerial parts of the genera Notobubon and Nanobubon are reported for the first time. Eleven of the thirteen Notobubon and two of the three Nanobubon species were studied. Oil yields obtained by hydro-distillation ranged from 0.1 to 3.6% of dry weight. Forty-four compounds representing 63.8-96.8% of the total oil were identified from the essential oil of eight species of Notobubon and one species of Nanobubon by GC/MS-FID. p-Cymene was present in all samples of Notobubon but not detected in Nanobubon. GC/GC-ToF-MS headspace analysis of eleven species of Notobubon showed α-pinene (1-48%), β-pinene (2-31%), p-cymene (1-41%), sabinene (1-27%), α-thujene (1-22%), and in one species estragole (78-97%) as the main compounds, while in Nanobubon myrcene (1-37%), limonene (13-30%), 3-methyl-2-methylene-butanenitrile (0-27%), sabinene (1-26%) and a-pinene (1-25%) were identified as major constituents.
6 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref
Singh A;Singh A;Chouhan O;Tandi G P;Dua M; Gehlot A
020682 Singh A;Singh A;Chouhan O;Tandi G P;Dua M; Gehlot A (Pharmacology Dep, Dr. S.N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, Email: ateendra09@gmail.com) : Anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extracts of dried leaves of Murraya koenigii Linn.. Natn J Physiol Pharm Pharmac 2016, 6(4), 286-90.
Murraya koenigii, commonly known as karipatta or curry leaf, is analgesic and can be used effectively against inflammation and itching. The various pharmacological activities such as vasodilation, antimicrobial, antidiabetic, antiulcer, analgesic, phagocytic, and antioxidant activities of this plant have also been reported. Objectives were to evaluate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of aqueous extract of dried leaves of M. koenigii Linn. in male Wistar rats. Adult male Wistar rats (100-150 g body weight) were used in this study. Aqueous extract of M. koenigii Linn. was used to evaluate acute anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity by plethysmometer and hot plate method by oral administration at doses of 100, 300, and 500 mg/kg body weight in healthy albino rats. In acute studies, the aqueous extract showed anti-inflammatory activity by significant reduction in the paw edema volume, in a dose-dependent manner when compared with the control and standard drug. Aqueous extract of M. koenigii Linn. significantly and dose-dependently reduced the number of acetic acid-induced writhing and significantly increased the latency of paw licking in hot plate method. Statistical analysis was carried out by one-way ANOVA, followed by Turkey's test. Aqueous extract of M. koenigii Linn. possesses both anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity in a dose-dependent manner.
3 tables, 26 ref
Shilingi G;Nachilima J;Matere L;Kwalimwa D
020681 Shilingi G;Nachilima J;Matere L;Kwalimwa D (Biological Sciences Dep, Univ of Eastern Africa Baraton, P.O. Box 2500, Eldoret, 30100, Kenya, Email: gshilingi87@gmail.com) : Efficacy of Aloe secundiflora, Azadirachta indica and Cinnamomum verum against Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2016, 7(7), 5107-15.
The study was aimed to examine the antimicrobial potential crude extracts of Aloe secundiflora, Azadirachta indica and Cinnamomum verum against the selected pathogens Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhi. The bacteria were identified and confirmed by conventional microbiology procedure. Antimicrobial study was carried out by diffusion method against the pathogens by using the crude extracts of Aloe secundiflora, Azadirachta indica and Cinnamomum verum. The antibacterial activity has been observed crude extracts of Aloe secundiflora, Cinamommum verum and Azadirachta indicaagainst E. coli and S. typhi with varied activity. The maximum inhibition zones of A. secundiflora were 30.00mm for E. coli and 30.00mm for S. typhi, that of A. indica 24.00mm for E. coli and 22.00mm for S. typhi, and that of C. verum 30mm for E. coli and 16.00mm for S. typhi were observed. It is hoped that this study would lead to the establishment of some herbs that could be used to formulate new and alternative potent antimicrobial drugs of natural origin.
6 tables, 31 ref
Shettar A K;Vedamurthy A B
020680 Shettar A K;Vedamurthy A B (Studies in Biotechnology and Microbiology PG Dep, Karnatak Univ, Dharwad-580 003, Email: vedamurthybt@gmail.com) : Evaluation of antidiabetic potential of Kandelia candel and Rhizophora apiculata- an in vitro approach. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2551-9.
Objective of the present work was to evaluating the antidiabetic property of Kandelia candel and Rhizophora apiculata extracts by using in vitro assays. The serial exhaustive extraction was carried out with a series of solvents: chloroform, ethyl acetate, methanol, ethanol and water with increasing polarity using Soxhlet apparatus. The concentrated and dried extracts were evaluated for antidiabetic activity by employing standard in vitro techniques (Alpha-amylase and glucose uptake assay using yeast model). In vitro antidiabetic studies show that in case of Kandelia candel methanol extract showed higher antidiabetic activity where as incase of Rhizophora apiculata aqueous extract exhibited significant activity when compared to other solvent extracts. Results confirm that aqueous extract of Rhizophora apiculata exhibited highest antidiabetic activity among all extracts. This study provides scientific evidence that the leaves of Kandelia candel and Rhizophora apiculata have - 151 - anti-diabetic efficacy. However further comprehensive chemical and pharmacological investigation should be carried out to isolate the active compounds and appropriate elucidation of its mechanism of action and it helps in the development of new pharmaceuticals to treat Diabetes mellitus.
4 illus, 4 tables, 62 ref
Shende V S;Shaikh F H;Medhekar S K; Chincholkar A B
020679 Shende V S;Shaikh F H;Medhekar S K; Chincholkar A B (NO, Satara College of Pharmacy, Satara Plot No. 1539, New Additional MIDC, Behind Spicer India Ltd., Degaon, Satara-415 004, Email: vikasshende@gmail.com) : Protective effects of ethanolic leaf extracts of Corchorus fascicularis in phenylhydrazine induced anemic rats. Int J Pharmac 2017, 4(12), 408-12.
The aim of the present study is to evaluate the anti anemic activity of ethanolic leaf extract of Corchorus fascicularis against phenylhydrazine induced hemolytic anemia in rats. Phenylhydrazine (40mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally for 2 days to induce anemia in rats. The animals were divided in to five groups of 6 animals each. Group I served as normal control, group II as anemic control, group III as reference control administered with Vitamin B12 and group IV and V animals were treated with 100 mg/kg and 200mg/kg of ethanolic leaf extract of Corchorus fascicularis Linn. (CFE). All the test drugs were administered once daily for 28 days through oral route. On 1st, 14th and 28th day blood was withdrawn, through sinus puncture under phenobarbitone anesthesia and subjected to the estimation of RBC, Hb and percentage Hematocrit. Both the ethanolic leaf extracts of Corchorus fascicularis Linn. and Vitamin B12 significantly increased the RBC, Hb and Hematocrit levels which conclude that, Corchorus fascicularis Linn. leaf extract exhibits anti-anemic activity.
2 tables, 21 ref
Sheela D;Srinivasan V;Sukumar E
020678 Sheela D;Srinivasan V;Sukumar E (Pharmacology Dep, Saveetha Medical College & Hospital, Saveetha Nagar, Thandalam, Chennai-602 105, Email: sheelapharm15@yahoo.in) : Anxiolytic effect of ethanolic extract of flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum in albino mice. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2573-7.
Mental disorders are commonly occurring and often seriously impairing in many countries throughout the world. The total number of people suffering from anxiety or depression amount to - 150 - 615 million, Close to 10% of the world's population is affected. Chrysanthemum indicum is an ancient herbal medicine used as an anti-arthritic, anti-inflammatory and anti-anxiety in many Asian countries. The elevated plus-maze (EPM) and open field test has been most familiar tool in the investigation of the neurochemical transmission basis of anxiety, for testing anxiolytic drugs. The anxiolytic activities of Ethanolic and Chloroform extracts of Chrysanthemum indicum Linn flowers were evaluated using the elevated plus-maze (EPM) and Open field. The ethanolic extract results are suggestive of anxiolytic activity in dosages around 250 and 500 mg/kg, as expressed by elevation of the time spent on the open arms in the plus-maze; a decrease of freezing and increase of deambulation in the open field test.
2 tables, 25 ref
Sharrad A K
020677 Sharrad A K (Clinical Pharmacy, Basrah Univ, Pharmacy College, Basrah, Iraq, Email: adheedkhalid@gmail.com) : Pharmacists' knowledge, attitude and practice about adverse drug reaction in basra Iraq. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2309-14.
Pharmacovigilance can be helpful in defending consumers from harmful effects of medicines. Pharmacists should consider Adverse Drug Reaction (ADR) reporting as their professional obligation and should be aware of the existing pharmacovigilance mechanisms in their countries. The present study evaluated the knowledge, attitude and practices (KAP) of the pharmacists towards ADRs and pharmacovigilance in Basra Hospitals. A cross-sectional analytical study was carried out in the province of Basra. All the pharmacists present in the Basra province during the study period were enrolled in the study and the convenience sampling technique was utilized for analysis. Hence, 530 pharmacists took part in the study. This questionnaire was tested and made error-free prior to using. This questionnaire contained 5 knowledge-based questions, 5-attitude related questions and tow questions which were related to the practices used towards the ADRs. The response rate was 24.9%. The results of our study clearly point out that in spite of the pharmacists positive attitude there was a lack of appropriate knowledge and practice to implement ADRs reporting successfully. The results emphasized the critical need for interventions to support ADRs reporting activity and to maintain Pharmacist's positive attitude. The findings suggested that the need for positive evidence based on educational and managerial interventions regularly to improve ADR reporting. It would be more beneficial, if the Ministry of higher education would suggest some more measures to review and perhaps improve pharmacy colleges' curricula to guarantee the incorporation of PV and ADRs reporting system conception.
20 ref
Sharma B R;Shah C N
020676 Sharma B R;Shah C N (Pharmacy Dep, Shri Jagdishprasad Jhabarmal Tibrewala Univ, Jhunjhunu, Rajasthan-333 001) : Analytical method validation and method development for simultaneous estimation for ornidazole and diloxanide furoate in - 149 - pharmaceutical solid dosage form. Pharma Sci Monit 2017, 8(1), 75-88.
To Study and develop an accurate, precise and linear Reverse Phase High Performance Liquid Chromatographic (RP-HPLC) method for simultaneous quantitative estimation of Diloxanide furoate and Ornidazole in tablets and validate as per ICH guidelines. The optimized method uses a reverse phase column, Waters Symmetry C18 (250 X 4.6 mm; 5μ), a mobile phase of potassium dihydrogen ortho phosphate buffer (20 mM, pH2.3): acetonitrile in the proportion of 40:60 v/v, flow rate of 1.0 ml/min and a detection wavelength of 234 nm using a UV detector. The developed method resulted in Diloxanide furoate eluting at 5.74 min and Ornidazole at 2.75 min. Diloxanide furoate exhibited linearity in the range 21.5-66.5μg/ml, while Ornidazole exhibited linearity in the range 15-05μg/ml. The precision is exemplified by relative standard deviations of 1.58% for Diloxanide furoate and 1.53% for Ornidazole. Percentage Mean recoveries were found to be in the range of 95-105 by percentage method during accuracy studies.
6 illus, 7 tables, 28 ref
Shanta B N;Muni B V
020675 Shanta B N;Muni B V (NO, Sri Chaitanya Saraswat Institute, Govinda Shetty Palya, Konappana Agrahara, Electronic City, Bengaluru, Email: bns@scsiscs.org) : Why biology in beyond physical sciences?. Adv Life Sci 2016, 6(1), 13-30.
In the framework of materialism, the major attention is to find general organizational laws stimulated by physical sciences, ignoring the uniqueness of Life. The main goal of materialism is to reduce consciousness to natural processes, which in turn can be translated into the language of math, physics and chemistry. Following this approach, scientists have made several attempts to deny the living organism of its veracity as an immortal soul, in favor of genes, molecules, atoms and so on. However, advancement in various fields of biology has repeatedly given rise to questions against such a denial and has supplied more and more evidence against the completely misleading ideological imposition that living entities are particular states of matter. In the recent past, however, the realization has arisen that cognitive nature of life at all levels has begun presenting significant challenges to the views of materialism in biology and has created a more receptive environment for the soul hypothesis. Therefore, instead of adjudicating different aprioristic claims, the development of an authentic theory of biology needs both proper scientific knowledge and the appropriate tools of philosophical analysis of life. In a recently published paper the first author of present essay made an attempt to highlight a few relevant developments supporting a sentient view of life in scientific research, which has caused a paradigm shift in our understanding of life and its origin [1]. The present essay highlights the uniqueness of biological systems that offers a considerable challenge to the mainstream materialism in biology and proposes the Vedantic philosophical view as a viable alternative for development of a biological theory worthy of life.
103 ref
Shanmugapriya A;Maneemegalai S
020674 Shanmugapriya A;Maneemegalai S (Biochemistry Dep, Bharathidasan Univ Constituent College for Women, Orathanadu, Thanjavur Distict-614 625) : Phytochemical screening, antimicrobial and antioxidant activity of leaf extracts of Tridax procumbens. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017, 7(3), 320-6.
Medicinal herbs have been used comprehensively - 148 - against various diseases over a long phase of time. Nature has provided abundant plant wealth source, which possess various medicinal values. The essential values of some medicinal plants have been known longer, but a large number of them remain unexplored. It is quite important to investigate the uses and to conduct experimental studies to describe their curative properties. Tridax procumbens a medicinal herb, commonly known as "coat buttons" has been used in medicine since times immemorial. The Present study deals with Phytochemical Screening, Mineral, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity of Leaf Extracts of Tridax procumbens. The results of the phytochemical analysis showed the presence of vital secondary metabolites in ethanol extract than aqueous extract which play a role in plant disease resistant mechanism. Ethanol extract of Tridax procumbens leaves showed massive antimicrobial and antioxidant activity. High content of sodium and potassium in mineral analysis showed the role in metabolism. It is hoped that the important Phytoconstituents, Minerals, antioxidants and antimicrobial properties analyzed in Tridax procumbens leaves will open new avenues in medical field in the treatment of various diseases.
1 illus, 4 tables, 34 ref
Shanker K;Kuna S K;Purra S
020673 Shanker K;Kuna S K;Purra S (Centre for Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jawaharlal Nehru Technological Univ Hyderabad, Kukatpally, Hyderabad, Telangana-500 085, Email: shankerkalakotla@gmail.com) : Simultaneous determination of etodolac and paracetamol in bulk drugs and pharmaceutical formulation by HPTLC-densitometric and UV-derivative spectrophotometry methods. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2056-63.
In current research work two methods have been developed for simultaneous determination of etodolac and paracetamol in binary mixtures. HPTLC-densitometry was employed for the determination of the mixture for etodolac 50-400 ng band-1 and for paracetamol 50-300 ng band-1. Separation was carried out on a silica gel 60 F254 HPTLC plates, using toluene: acetone: methanol: glacial acetic acid (6:2:1:0.5 v/v) as mobile phase. Etodolac, paracetamol and the toxic impurity para-aminophenol were well resolved with Rf values of 0.61±0.04, 0.41±0.04 and 0.20±0.03. Determination has been carried out at 254 nm with a mean percentage recovery of 99.77±1.30 for etodolac and 99.86 ± 0.97 for paracetamol. First derivative (D1) spectrophotometry was employed for simultaneous determination of etodolac (217nm) and paracetamol (236 nm). Linearity ranges of both the compounds were found to be 2.5-12.5μg mL-1 with a mean percentage recovery of 98.07±1.62 for etodolac and100.65±0.84 for paracetamol respectively. Methods were validated according to ICH guidelines and successfully implemented for the analysis of bulk powder and pharmaceutical formulations.
21 ref
Shahidulla S M;Khan M;Jayaveera K N
020672 Shahidulla S M;Khan M;Jayaveera K N (NO, Deccan School of Pharmacy, Dar-us-salam, Aghapura, Hyderabad-500 001, Email: s.shahidulla@gmail.com) : Development of ondansetron HCL fast disintegrating tablets using 3<. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2143-8.
The present investigation was carried out to study the disintegrant property of Plantago ovata and Ocimum basilicum mucilages. The objective of the work was to develop Fast disintegrating tablets of Ondansetron HCl with a view to enhance patient compliances and dissolution rate by direct compression method using 32 full factorial design. Plantago ovata (2-10% w/w), Ocimum basilicum (4-8%w/w) mucilages were used as natural - 147 - superdisintegrant and microcrystalline cellulose was used as diluent, along with directly compressible mannitol to enhance mouth feel. The tablets were evaluated for hardness, friability, thickness, drug content uniformity, in vitro dispersion time, wetting time and water absorption ratio. Based on in vitro dispersion time (approximately 11 s); the formulation containing 10% w/w Plantago ovata and 8% Ocimum basilicum mucilages were found to be promising and tested for in vitro drug release pattern (in 0.1 N HCl), short-term stability (at 40°/75% RH for 6 mo) and drug-excipient interaction. Surface response plots are presented to graphically represent the effect of independent variables (concentrations of Plantago ovata and Ocimum basilicum mucilages) on the in vitro dispersion time. The validity of the generated mathematical model was tested by preparing two extra-design check point formulations. The optimized tablet formulation was compared with conventional commercial tablet formulation for drug release profiles. This formulation showed two-fold faster drug release (t50% 3.6 min) compared to the conventional commercial tablet formulation (t50% 7 min). Short-term stability studies on the formulation indicated that there are no significant changes in drug content and in vitro dispersion time (p
23 ref
Shah S;Shelke S;Patil P A;Mgdum C S
020671 Shah S;Shelke S;Patil P A;Mgdum C S (Pharmaceutical Chemistry Dep, Rajarambapu College of Pharmacy, Kasegaon Tal. Walwa Dist. Sangli, Maharashtra) : Drug utilization pattern of anti-diabetic drugs in rural areas of Islampur and Kasegaon at Maharashtra. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017, 7(1), 60-2.
Diabetes a chronic disease is associated with significant morbidity, complications with poor glycemic control. Hence, meticulous management is necessary. A prospective observational study was carried out in adult diabetic patients visiting the outpatient Departments of General Medicine. Diabetes mellitus was observed to be highest in patients with the age group of 60-70 years, affecting 58.5% males and41.5% females. We observed that56 patients were treated with sulfonylurea, 38 were treated with biguinide. The choice of drug should be based economic status, associated conditions. Rational prescribing should focus on dose and duration as well as interaction with other medications.
2 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref
Savkare A D;Pagar P S
020670 Savkare A D;Pagar P S (Pharmaceutics Dep, MVP Samaj's College of Pharmacy, Gangapur Road, Nashik-422 002, Email: priyapagar93@gmail.com) : Comparison of various approaches to increase the gastric residense time. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2388-95.
Oral drug delivery is the most preferred route for the various drug molecules among all other routes of drug delivery, because ease of administration which lead to better patient compliance. So, oral extended release drug delivery system becomes a very promising approach for those drugs that are given orally but having the shorter half-life and high dosing frequency. Extended release drug delivery system which reduce the dosing frequency of certain drugs by releasing the drug slowly over an extended period of time. Oral sustained drug delivery system is complicated by limited gastric residence times (GRTs). To overcome these limitations, various approaches have been proposed to increase gastric residence of drug delivery systems in the upper part of the gastrointestinal tract. The purpose of writing this review was to compile recent literature on pharmaceutical approaches used in enhancing the Gastric Residence Time (GRT). Enhancing the GRT may explore new potentials of stomach as drug-absorbing organ. Several approaches are currently used including Floating drug delivery system, Matrix tablet, pulsatile drug delivery, In situ gel, Stomach specific Mucoadhesive tablets and Microsponge.
^iia6 illus, 16 ref
Satkar Prasad;Chaurasiya A
020669 Satkar Prasad;Chaurasiya A (NO, Suresh Gyan Vihar Univ, Jaipur, Rajasthan, Email: satkarprasad@yahoo.co.in) : In vitro evaluation of anthelmintic activity of the roots and leaves of Pavetta indica Linn.. Int J Pharm Life Sci 2016, 7(6), 5094-8.
The study was to evaluate the anthelmintic activity of petroleum ether, chloroform & methanol extracts of roots and leaves of pavetta indica linn. (Rubiaceae) against Indian adult earthworms (Pheretima posthuma) and roundworm (Ascaridia gali). The parameters like the time of paralysis and the time of death were determined by using the different extract at different concentration (25, 50, and 100 mg/ml). Albendazole (in 5% aqueous DMF) was used as reference standard and 5% aqueous in DMF as a control group. Higher activities were observed at the higher concentration. Dose dependent activity was observed in all extracts. The shortest time required for paralysis and death was - 146 - observed with concentration of 100 mg/ml of methanol extract of roots of plant. The studies indicate that the root extract of plant exhibited more potent activity as compared to leaves extracts.
4 illus, 1 table, 13 ref
Sathali A A H;Suganya M
020668 Sathali A A H;Suganya M (Pharmaceutics Dep, College of Pharmacy, Madurai Medical College, Madurai-625 020, Email: ahsathali@gmail.com) : Effect of different natural and synthetic superdisintegrants used in developement of amiodarone hydrochloride fast dissolving tablets: a comparative study. J Curr chem pharm Sci 2016, 6(2), 27-38.
In the present work, fast disintegrating tablets of Amiodarone hydrochloride were prepared by subliming method with a view to enhance the patient compliance. Different natural and synthetic superdisintegrants were used in different ratio with camphor (30% W/W) as subliming agent. The prepared tablets were evaluated for various parameters like weight variation, hardness, friability, in vitro disintegration time, drug content, modified disintegration time, water absorption ratio, wetting time, in vitro dispersion time, in vitro wetting volume, measurement of tablet porosity, in vitro drug release, preliminary compatibility studies, FTIR, DSC studies, scanning electron microscopy before and after sublimation and short term stability studies. All the pre and post-compressional parameters are evaluated and found within the prescribed limits. The optimized formulation (O F5) and (H F4) showed good release profile with maximum drug being released at all time intervals. The result of the work concluded that the sublimation is a useful technique to enhance the solubility and dissolution rate of poorly water-soluble drugs. The release of Amiodarone from FDTs was found to follow non-Fickian diffusion kinetics.
5 illus, 4 tables, 13 ref
Satani B H;Surana V S;Shah S A;Mishra S H
020667 Satani B H;Surana V S;Shah S A;Mishra S H (Maliba Pharmacy College, Uka Tarsadia Univ, Bardoli-Mahuva Road, Bardoli-394 350, Email: bhavik.satani@utu.ac.in) : Evaluation of antidiabetic activity of Heterophragma quadriloculare (Roxb.) K. Schum. leaves. Int J Pharmac 2017, 4(11), 378-83.
Heterophragma quadriloculare (Roxb.) K. Schum. (HQ) belongs to Bignoneace family and known as Warras. Usage of HQ plant in diabetes has been claimed traditionally but scientific documentation is not yet available. So it was our interest to develop scientific database for HQ leaves. HQ leaves were studied for its traditional claim of antidiabetic activity by oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) model using normal rats. All possible phytoconstituents were extracted into selected range of solvents based on its polarity i.e. petroleum ether, chloroform, methanol, water. The extracts were screened for OGTT at dose level of 200 and 400 mg/kg per oral. In OGTT study though all extracts found to reduce blood glucose level, petroleum ether extract and chloroform extract showed dose dependent activity. These results provided the clue for presence of anti-diabetic constituents in petroleum ether extract. Thus petroleum - 145 - ether extract (200 mg/kg), unsaponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract (100 mg/kg) and saponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract (100 mg/kg) of HQ were studied in rats by STZ-NAD induced type-II diabetic model up to 21 to find out most potent anti-diabetic fraction. Blood glucose and lipid profile were recorded on 0th and 21st day. Oral administration of PEHQ and UPEHQ resulted in significant weight gain, reduction of blood glucose, serum cholesterol, serum VLDL and triglycerides in diabetic rats as compared to diabetic control rats. Unsaponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract at the dose of 100 mg/kg showed significant antidiabetic activity. The present study thus justifies the traditional claim of Heterophragma quadriloculare (Roxb.) K. Schum. for diabetes. Unsaponifiable fraction of petroleum ether extract of HQ needs further attention for separation and identification of biologically active compounds that are unidentified yet.
6 illus, 22 ref
Sandhya Kumari T D;Charya M A S
020666 Sandhya Kumari T D;Charya M A S (Microbiology Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal, Telangana, Email: mascharya@gmail.com) : Phytochemistry, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent leaf extracts of Nyctanthes arbor - tristis. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(4), 1654-63.
Ayurveda is one of the oldest systems of medicine that uses plants and their extracts for treatment and management of various diseased states. Nyctanthes arbour - tristis Linn. (Family Oleaceae), which has long been used traditionally for various medicinal purposes in the Indian sub continent. Each part of the plant has some important medicinal value and is thus commercially exploitable. It is now considered as a valuable source of several unique products for the medicines against various diseases and also for the development of some industrial products. The present study is to focus on the potential phyto-chemicals and pharmacological activity of plant N. arbor - tristis. In view of this, the study was designed to investigate for chemical constituents, anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory activities of solvent leaf extracts. Phytochemical screening revealed the presence of alkaloid, steroids etc. The extract exhibited significant anti-cancer and anti-inflammatory properties and the observed biological activities in this study provide scientific validation of ethnomedicinal use of this plant.
29 ref
Sah S K;Badola A
020665 Sah S K;Badola A (NO, Shri Guru Ram Rai Institute of Technology and Sciences, Dehradun, Uttarakhand) : Mouth dissolving tablet: a better approach to drug delivery. Int J Res Pharm Chem 2017, 7(1), 20-9.
Researchers throughout the world are focusing intensively on the methods for the development of new drug delivery systems to enhance patient's compliance. The oral route however still remained as the best administration route of therapeutic agents for its ease of - 144 - ingestion, pain avoidance and versatility. Hence, fast dissolving tablets become an emerging trend in the pharmaceutical industry. Fast dissolving tablets are ideal for all types of people, including for people who have swallowing difficulties, paediatric, geriatric, and bedridden patients. It is also for active patients who are busy, travelling and may not have access to water. Fast dissolving tablets are also known as orodispersible tablets, mouth-dissolving tablets, orally disintegrating tablets, melt-in mouth tablets, rapimelts, porous tablets, quick dissolving etc. This type of tablets disintegrates quickly once introduced into the mouth in the absence of additional water for easy administration of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In this review article, drug candidates suitable for fast dissolving drug delivery and the available marketed products have been listed.
1 illus, 1 table, 40 ref
Ruvanthika P N;Manikandan S;Lalitha S
020664 Ruvanthika P N;Manikandan S;Lalitha S (Physiology Dep, Tagore Medical College and Hospitals, Affiliated to TN Dr. MGR Medica, Chennai-600 032, Email: drsmanikandan@tagoremch.com) : Comparative study on phytochemical screening of aerial parts of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn by gas chromatographic mass spectrometry. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(5), 2258-66.
Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn a perennial aquatic plant also known as sacred lotus. The Rhizome, flower, seeds and leaves all are edible and have been proved for their medicinal value. Study about its phyto-nutrients in the aerial parts are scanty. In the present study a phytoscreening of aerial parts of Nelumbo nucifera seeds and seed pod was done to assess and compare their phytoconstituents. Total phenolic content in Nelumbo nucifera seed pod was 93.45mg Gallic Acid Equivalents and 10.5mg/g in the seeds, the total flavonoid content was 295.312mg/g Quercetin Equivalents in NN seedpod and 28.125mg/g in the seeds, tannin content is 508.7mg/g Tannin Equivalents in Nelumbo nucifera seedpod and 69.637mg/g in seeds. Gallic acid, Quercetin and Tannin Equivalents were taken as standard for phenol, flavonoid and tannin content respectively. Phytochemical constituents analyzed by Gas Chromatography - Mass Spectrometry analysis of aerial parts Nelumbo nucifera can be used for routine quality control analysis. The data obtained emphasize, the potential of traditional medicine Nelumbo nucifera, whose phytoconstituents form a source of natural antioxidant which could prevent many free radical mediated diseases.
31 ref
Ruchita;Nanda S;Pathak D;Mathur A
020663 Ruchita;Nanda S;Pathak D;Mathur A (NO, Pharmaceutical Science Dep, Rohtak-124 001, Email: sn_mdu@rediffmail.com) : Advances in TB drug development: A note of derivatives of isoniazid - 143 - and pyrazinamide. Int J pharm Sci Res 2017, 8(6), 2341-59.
Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main causes of death from an infectious disease till date. Recent data shows that currently 9.6 million people are infected with TB. Over 95% of TB deaths occur in low- and middle-income countries and it is among the top 5 causes of death for women aged 15 to 44. TB is a leading killer of HIV-positive people and around 1 in 3HIV deaths was due to TB. Furthermore, multidrug-resistant (MDR)-TB and extensively drug-resistant (XDR)-TB is spreading and poses a major threat to progress in global TB control program. The emergence of drug resistant TB strains makes the invention of new molecular scaffold a priority. One of the possible strategies to overcome drug resistance in an economic and simple manner would involve re-engineering and repositioning of some old drugs to obtain derivatives that can work on resistant TB bacilli. These may have enhanced bioavailability, be more effective, and serve as cost-effective substitutes, as compared to new drugs identified through conventional methods of drug discovery and development. In view of this, the present review aims to provide a summarizing report on the derivatives of first-line drugs (isoniazid and pyrazinamide) that have the potential to conquer the resistance to the parental drug and could thus serve as effective alternatives.
^iia1 table, 100 ref
Rote A P;Alhat J;Kulkarni A A
020662 Rote A P;Alhat J;Kulkarni A A (Quality Assurance Dep, Siddhant College of Pharmacy, Sudumbare, Pune-412 109, Email: akshayrote260@gmail.com) : Development and validation of RP-HPLC method for the simultaneous estimation of ledipasvir and sofosbuvir in bulk and pharmaceutical dosage form. Int J pharm Sci Drug Res 2017, 9(6), 291-8.
The day by day new combinations drugs are being introduced in market. Then the multiple therapeutic agents which acts at different sites are used in the management of various diseases and disorders are done. Thus it is necessary to develop methods for analysis with the help of number of analytical techniques which are available for the estimation of the drugs in combination. The analyst were determine the Specific, accurate, simple, selective and stability-indicating RP-HPLC method is developed and validated for simultaneous determination of sofosbuvir and ledipasvir in tablet dosage form. RP-HPLC method was performed on the systronics isocratic HPLC System equipped with SP930 D HPLC pump and dual wavelength UV-VIS detector and C18 column (250 mm x 4.6 mm, 5μm), using the mobile phase (Methanol: Water 83:17 v/v) pH 3.0 with 0.05% acidic acid at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min, injection volume 20μl and UV detection at 245 nm. This method is validated according to BP, USP and ICH requirements for new methods, which include accuracy, precision, robustness, ruggedness, lod, loq, linearity and range. Linear relationships were obtained in the ranges of 10-50μg/ml and 40-200μg/ml with correlation coefficients of 0.9991 and 0.9994 at Rt value of 7.45 min and 3.50 min for sofosbuvir and ledipasvir respectively. The forced degradation studies as acidity, alkalinity, oxidation and hydrolytic degradation were performed according to ICH guidelines.
11 illus, 16 tables, 25 ref
Rey-Valeiron C;Guzman L;Saa L R;Lopez-Vargas J;Valarezo E
020661 Rey-Valeiron C;Guzman L;Saa L R;Lopez-Vargas J;Valarezo E (Departamento de Ciencias Agropecuarias y de Alimentos, Universidad Tecnica Particular de Loja, Loja, Ecuador, Email: crey@utpl.edu.ec) : Acaricidal activity of essential oils of Bursera graveolens (Kunth) triana & Planch and Schinus molle L. on unengorged larvae of cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (acari:lxodidae). J essential Oil Res 2017, 29(4), 344-50.
The use of bio-derivatives as acaricides would be an effective and safe method of tick control. The acaricidal effect of essential oils obtained from Bursera graveolens (Burseraceae) and Schinus molle (Anacardiaceae), traditionally used by indigenous Ecuadorian medicine as insecticides, was tested on larvae of cattle tick Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus. Essential oils were obtained from mature fruits by hydrodistillation and analyzed by gas chromatography. The acaricidal activity of essential oils against larvae was measured by larval package test with six concentrations of each essential oil. In total, sixteen compounds were identified in B. graveolens and twenty-one in S. molle essential oil. The mortalities of larvae in assays conducted with B. graveolens essential oil ranked from 35.43 to 100%; in S. molle from 5.58 to 100%. The obtained results show a clear and promising acaricidal effect of both essential oils over larvae of R. (B.) microplus.
1 illus, 3 tables, 35 ref
Refish N M R;Talib A J;Jian-Wei G;Fu C;Yu L
020660 Refish N M R;Talib A J;Jian-Wei G;Fu C;Yu L (Biotechnology Dep, College of Life Science and Technology, Huazhong Univ of Science and T, Wuhan, China, Email: na.refish@yahoo.com) : Promoting role of Bacillus subtilis BS87 on the growth and content of some natural products in the medicinal plants Anoectochilus roxburghii and A. formosanus. Adv Life Sci 2016, 6(2), 31-8.
Anoectochilus genus is an epiphytic Orchid used as a traditional Chinese folk medicine for the treatment of many diseases. Plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) such as Bacillussubtilis play an important role in promoting medicinal orchids growth. This study aimed to investigate the promoting role of B.subtilis BS87 on the biomass and contents of some natural products in A.roxburghii and A.formosanus such as flavonoids, steroids and essential oils, in A.roxburghii and A.formosanus treated for 90 days with B.subtilis BS87, the flavonoid contents reached 1.208% and 1.424%, respectively, whereas the steroid content in both species was closely values approximately. The essential oil content was 0.11% was 0.21%, respectively, which was significantly different to levels in control plants in pot culture. After 90 days of symbiotic cultivation, increased shoot height, fresh weight and leaf number were observed in treatedA.roxburghii and A.formosanus plants compared with control plants. In addition, qRT-PCR showed that the expression levels of seven plant growth-related genes, namely AR017, AR019, AR020, AR023, AR037, AR044, and AR047 were in-creased in both A.roxburghiiand Aformosanus plants treated with B.subtilisBS8790 days post-inculcation compared with control plants.
4 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref