BHUTTO S, KALOI A, BHUTTO H
042722 BHUTTO S, KALOI A, BHUTTO H (Quaid-e-Awam Univ, Nawabshah, Pakistan, Email: bhuttosaifullah@ quest.edu.pk) : Is islam against science & technology?. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(10), 1148 – 59.
There is a common misunderstanding that religion and science are contradictory to one another and hence religion is hindrance in progress and development. This study emphasizes the importance of acquiring the knowledge of science & technology from an Islamic perspective and tries to remove the misconception about prohibition of adopting the science & technology in religion. Researchers have tried their best to establish the fact that there is no contradiction between religion & science. Interpretive method of research has been used in this study. The researchers have used historical facts for demonstrating the role played by ancient and current scholars in the development of science & technology. Data from several past & present research materials have been collected and theory of compatibility of religion with science & technology has been established from the observed data. Islamic civilization is based on knowledge and awareness. The first revelation was about the reading. In Quran and Hadith, whenever and wherever the word knowledge is mentioned, it does not refer to religious knowledge only but in fact the word knowledge refers to any science which may benefit human beings from material and spiritual perspective. There is a common perception that religion obstructs the involvement of people in science & technology. Authors have proved in this study that the situation is contrary. This is only a small glimpse of wide picture of role played by Islam in encouraging active participation in the advancement of science & technology.
8 illus, 27 ref
GALLEGO-VILLALOBOS J , CASTILLO-AGUILAR M A
042720 GALLEGO-VILLALOBOS J , CASTILLO-AGUILAR M A (El Bosque. Bogotá Univ, Colombia, Email: monicastilloa@gmail.com ) : Water quality of el santuario stream (tausa-cundinamarca) from aquatic macro invertebrates and physicochemical parameters. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(10), 1116 – 23.
To study the water quality of the El Santuario creek located in the El Santuario Reserve, through the macroinvertebrate community analysis and physicochemical parameters. We applied the BMWP/Col-ASPT quality index to characterize surface water quality, collecting aquatic macroinvertebrates in 7 stations of the El Santuario stream, with the measurement of physicochemical parameters between the months of March and August 2017. A constrict correlation analysis (CCA) was conducted to find the relations between macroinvertebrates families and physicochemical variables. Moderately contaminated waters of dubious quality are defined which may lead to limitations in the establishment of the macroinvertebrate community, where the last station that corresponds to the exit of water of the mine, presented the quality of strongly contaminated waters in a critical situation that is reflected with the low presence of organisms. The physicochemical variables that most influence the families of benthic macroinvertebrates are as follows: conductivity, pH, total dissolved solids, and dissolved oxygen; indicating a relationship between concentration and abundance of organisms. According to the BMWP/Col-ASPT index, the biological quality of the El Santuario creek water has improved significantly in two years without coal mining, in relation to the quality reported for 2015. These results contribute to environmental decision making in the management of high mountain water resources.
4 illus, 22 ref
SABULAO J B, MAGTOLIS J M, CAPANANG C A, INGENTE D E, PAA M W E, HITOSIS R C, MABAG J A, CYRA C, RAGA C C
042718 SABULAO J B, MAGTOLIS J M, CAPANANG C A, INGENTE D E, PAA M W E, HITOSIS R C, MABAG J A, CYRA C, RAGA C C (Leyte Normal Univ, Tacloban City, Philippines, Email: jbm.magtolis@ gmail.com) : A preliminary survey of beach forest species in guiuan eastern samar, Philippines: An ethnobotanical study. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1098 – 1106.
A preliminary ethnobotanical survey of beach forest species was conducted to identify the local names and document the uses of these resources to the locals of Guiuan, Eastern Samar, Philippines. Plants were identified in situ by an informant and samples were collected for herbarium specimen identification. Ethnobotanical data were obtained using a modified focused group (bench conference) and a semi-structured interview with each of the 15 informants, composed of a village leader, a local healer, and mostly elders. Quantitative data on the citation of beach plants per specific use were tabulated for frequency counts and percentage of informant’s citation or agreement. The study documented at least 39 species of beach forests flora present in the community. The common uses of these species by the locals are associated with construction, source of income, food and food processing for humans and domesticated animals, fishing technology, insect repellent, home decors, and furniture, landscaping, and folk medicine. Cocos nucifera L. is evident in many applications in the life of the locals. Together with Atipulo (Artocarpus blancoi), and Bagnaw (Premna odorata), they were reported in diverse applications ranging from folk medicine to infrastructure and food preparation and consumption. Like any other ethnic group and underdeveloped communities in the world, medicinal administration is largely a symptomatic approach utilizing either fresh or dried leaves, fruits, roots, barks or even the whole plant across different preparations. The flexibility of some of these species in terms of utilization by the community can shed light on its abundance in the area and the associated local ecological knowledge. An ethnobotanical survey should be conducted across the Philippine archipelago for more comprehensive documentation of beach forest species, thereby giving cues on its dynamics and conservation efforts.
1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref
KHARADI A, CHAUDHARY K, PATEL F
042715 KHARADI A, CHAUDHARY K, PATEL F (Shri M.M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Gandhinagar - 382015, Email: ankitkharadi@ gmail.com ) : Optimization of alkaline protease production by solibacillus silvestris, isolated from gir region of Gujarat. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1065 – 77.
Microbes from Mangrove ecosystem have the ability to produce useful primary and secondary metabolites of biotechnological significance and hence the objective of this study is to optimize the production of bacterial alkaline protease from a Mangrove isolate Solibacillus silvestris. The bacterium (named as Madhwad 10−3 Summer Zobell) used in the present study was isolated from the soil collected from Madhwad, Gir, India in summer season and was identified using MALDI-TOF (Mass spectrometry). It had shown the highest alkaline protease enzyme activity amongst the other isolates and hence was further analyzed using different physical and chemical factors. Selected parameters i.e. Sucrose, Peptone, and Salinity were further used for the optimization using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). The bacterium (named as Madhwad 10−3 Summer Zobell) was identified as Solibacillus silvestris. Among the physical parameters, the results proved that highest enzyme production can be obtained at pH 8.5, 40 °C of temperature, 48 h of incubation period, and agitation speed of 120 rpm while in the chemical parameters, Sucrose and Peptone with 0 % salinity were found to give highest enzyme activity i.e. 221.7 U/ml and 246.7 U/ml, respectively. In the statistical analysis done using RSM, all the parameters found to be significant and gave the highest result of 258.750 U/ml at 2.5 % Sucrose, 10 % Peptone, and 0 % Salinity level. The enzyme produced due to its efficiency in working at alkaline pH can be utilized in industries such as detergent and textile or in Bioremediation.
10 illus, 4 tables, 29 ref
SIDDIQUI M F, SIDDIQUE W A, AHMEDH M, JUMANI A K
042714 SIDDIQUI M F, SIDDIQUE W A, AHMEDH M, JUMANI A K (ILMA Univ, Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: awaisjumani@ yahoo.com) : Face detection and recognition system for enhancing security measures using artificial intelligence system. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1057 – 64.
The major changes which come across face recognition are to find the age and gender of the person. This study is centered on face detection with voice and biometric technology. During this study, it has been worked on the input camera which takes multiple shots of person. After that, the Cascade Classification algorithm has been used inside the application which creates the multiple human templates. So the facial features have been detected. After that, it saved in particular database with their unique ID. Furthermore, the verification process has been started by matching the templates inside the database. Through this process, the student attendance has been marked automatically. It has been presented that face detection with voice and biometric technology can enhance the security measures. Employee’s attendance can be marked by simply detecting face that can increase punctuality. Students can be checked and marked by face detection process. As well, it can also be setup in banks to enhance the security by allowing authorized people only or who have accounts in that bank. For finding the age and gender from a particular image, relevant techniques are discussed, with some new approaches for maintaining security. We discussed complete models with security measures in this research.
6 illus, 20 ref
SHEHAB A, DAYAH K A, ELHENWAY I
042713 SHEHAB A, DAYAH K A, ELHENWAY I (Computer Science Dep, Jouf Univ, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, Email: aishehab@ ju.edu.sa ) : Drugs classifier system based on machine learning algorithms. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1046 – 56.
Nowadays, there are thousands of approved drugs that can be used for treating people who have medical problems. Therefore, drug warnings and precautions are denoted to recognize a discrete set of adverse effects and other implied protection uncertainties that are useful for patient control. In this study, the intended framework is divided into two principal stages: data retrieval and data processing. Firstly, in the data collection stage, drug reports, drug interactions, malfunctions, number of deaths, and other factors had been obtained from various references, including RxNorm and Drug Bank using web service. Secondly, in the data processing phase, different data mining algorithms used to classify drugs into suitable drugs and non-suitable drugs. According to the experimental results, we found that the decision tree has more accuracy (97.9 %) than other state-of-art methods.
2 illus, 8 tables, 24 ref
BANWA T P, BAWER M C , DOCTOR J G P
042712 BANWA T P, BAWER M C , DOCTOR J G P (Kalinga State Univ, Tabuk City, Kalinga, Philippines, Email: banwatules@gmail. com) : Potential of rice culture starter (RCS) for prefermenting parboiled rice bran (PRB) through solid-state fermentation (SSF). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1035 – 45.
Traditional fermentation uses culture starters to convert farm by-products into nutritive substances. This study investigated the potential of rice culture starter (RCS) in pre-fermenting parboiled rice bran (PRB) into a nutritive mash. This study used the completely randomized design in triplicate. Three mixtures ratio of RCS and PRB served as experimental treatments, while PRB without RCS was used as the control treatment. The treatments have undergone the traditional solid-state fermentation at 72 h, 120 h, and 192 h. The treatment means were compared using the f-test, and significant means were compared to the least significant difference (LSD) using the SPSS version 16. The experimental treatments show a significantly higher fermented PRB mash volume and lower pH compared to the control treatment, indicating significant fermentation of PRB substrates by RCS. The mixture ratio of 12:100 parts of RCS and PRB respectively shows a significantly higher PRB mash volume after 72 hours compared to the other mixture ratios. Chemical analysis of fermented PRB shows 4.90 % ash content similar to the contents of stabilized and probiotic rice bran, and other nutritive substances. This study shows the potential of pre-fermenting agricultural biomass substrates through traditional solid-state fermentation into nutritive elements. Furthermore, this study demonstrates the practical use of traditional starter cultures, including RCS that can benefit farmers directly. This study showed that the rice culture starter could be used in biomass conversions, which can be adopted by ordinary people using traditional fermentation technology.
3 illus, 2 tables, 36 ref
SINGH J, SAINI S
042711 SINGH J, SAINI S (I.K.G. Punjab Technical Univ, Kapurthalla, Punjab, Email: jassi21387@ gmail.com) : Analysis of surface characteristics for al–sic metal matrix composites machined by wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1027 – 34.
The application of light weight products used for automobile needs to require the use of Al metal matrix composites (MMCs). The optimized combination of process variables has been found to accomplish for better machining. There is different type of machining methods used for machining of MMC but it is not so easy to machine these materials with full efficiency and desired output responses because of difficult to machine these materials as compared to other unreinforced materials like alloys and smart materials. The main reason behind hardness of aluminum MMCs is heterogeneous structure which makes its surface layer with high fatigue strength, smooth, and tough. L9 orthogonal array has been used to perform the experiments. The effect of parameters has been calculated and analyzed for response analysis. The effect of various machining parameters like wire diameter, current, voltage, pulse on time, and pulse off time is observed and analyzed on surface properties of the Al–SiC MMCs. As a result of compressive residual stress on the surface that is a plus point for material to use it for tough work, but along with this it will cause high tool wear and surface imperfections while machining, so these are some reasons for the recommendation of non-conventional machining methods to machine aluminum matrix composites. So, several new techniques were added in some past few years of research which is explained in this research article. Wire electrical discharge machining (WEDM) which is an advanced machining method which is used for manufacture difficult shapes conductive work piece materials. Experimental work will be done on the WEDM of Al–SiC MMC.
4 illus, 6 tables, 16 ref
ANDALIB T W, HALIM H A
042710 ANDALIB T W, HALIM H A (Sains Univ, Malaysia, Email: tarnimawarda.andalib@usm.my ) : A conceptual model to resolve frustration of employees in the SMEs of Bangladesh. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(9), 1015 – 26.
This study aims to design and develop the conceptual model to deal with employees’ frustration in the SMEs of Bangladesh and to resolve those. Researchers target is to find the reasons, layers, and resolving techniques of employees’ frustration in the SMEs of Bangladesh.Qualitative content analysis with multiple case studies and focused group studies has been applied in this study following Yin and Andalib to collect and analyze data. NVIVO tool and soft systems technique has been applied to analyze collected data. The study mainly observes and analyzes employees’ mental state of five SMEs of Bangladesh to understand and find out the reasons’ and layers of employees’ frustration. Researchers have also found the resolving techniques by detailed analysis and designed a conceptual model by introducing employees’ rights in the model. From previous scholars’ works employees’ frustration reasons, its categories, behavioral pattern of the employees’ when frustrated, differences between threat and conflict have been found and discussed. From qualitative multiple case studies of five SMEs and focused group discussion among twenty employees, three major themes are identified, which are employees’ need, barriers creating frustration, and layers of employees’ frustration. Later, while developing the conceptual model employee rights’ got introduced and resolving techniques have been added as per employees’ suggestions from the focused group discussion. The novelty and originality of this research lies in its methods of analyzing especially in the qualitative method, where both multiple case studies and focused group discussion have been parts since that SMEs should be brought under qualitative research more to gain more deeper understanding and insight. Moreover, Andalib mentioned in 2018 that the inclusion of component ‘employees’ rights’ in the conceptual model to resolve frustration has been an importantly novel addition.
1 illus, 4 tables, 41 ref
SAEED M U, HASSAN T U
042708 SAEED M U, HASSAN T U (Central Punjab Univ, Lahore, Pakistan, Email: usman841@yahoo.com ) : Relationship among the attributes of world countries and their coverage in tweets of international news agencies: 2010–2016. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(8), 966 – 82.
To examine the factors which can influence the presence of world countries in news tweets of international news agencies. The study draws upon the World Systems Theory, which categorizes the world into Core, Semi-Periphery, and Periphery with respect to economic, political, and communication relationships. We attempt to study and compare the coverage of Core, Periphery, and Semi-Periphery countries in tweets of international news agencies. Scholars argue that certain attributes of a country make that country more newsworthy for international news agencies and also these factors contribute significantly in making these countries more prominent on the digital landscape of twitter. We used the method of content analysis of purposively selected tweets of four international news agencies; AFP, AP, Reuters, and Xinhua about the 15 sample countries, including Pakistan, for the period of 7 year from 2010– 2016. We found that there are significant differences in the coverage of world countries in tweets of international news agencies. Core and Semi-Periphery countries are given more coverage in international news tweets. Similarly, Core and SemiPeriphery countries are more retweeted and liked by the followers of international news agencies. Finally, we found that GDP is not the sole determinant of countries portrayal and their sharing on Twitter by the international news agencies and their followers. If a country, including Pakistan, wants to increase its sharing on Twitter, the country should develop its information sector and internet penetration should be accelerated.
5 tables, 71 ref
SINGH A, THAKUR S, ADHIKARY N C
042703 SINGH A, THAKUR S, ADHIKARY N C (Applied Sciences Dep, Gauhati Univ, Assam - 781014, Email: ashok11278@ yahoo.com ) : Long-term rainfall data analysis of the major stations of brahmaputra plain in Northeast region of India. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(8), 907 – 20.
This study explores the rainfall variability and long-term trend in the Brahmaputra plain of northeast region of India. The data analysis is mainly focused on estimating the amount, frequency, and trend of rainfall, using daily recorded data between the year 1950 and 2013. : Linear Regression analysis was utilized to check the correlation relation between elevation and rainfall. The Mann Kendall test was used to detect a significant trend in rainfall series. Sen’s slope method was used to measure the magnitude of trends in rainfall series. The correlation between time and rainfall was estimated by utilizing Kendall’s tau. Data analysis reveals a heaviest-rainfall pockets zone at North Lakhimpur region, wherein annual average rainfall occurs about 3249.57 mm. Another rain shadow zone has detected at Guwahati, wherein annual average rainfall occurs is about 1706.27 mm. A high-low-high gradient in the spatial distribution of seasonal and yearly rainfall has observed from west to east. A similar spatial trend has also observed from south to north along latitudes. The Linear regression analysis reveals a positive relationship between elevation and annual average rainfall. The Mann Kendall test detected a significant rainfall trend on a monthly and seasonal scale whereas, on an annual scale, no significant trend was detected. Rainfall intensity over each station was observed uniform for most of the years. The frequency of light, heavy and very heavy rainfall over the entire Brahmaputra plain region shows a non-significant decreasing trend. Whereas, Dibrugarh and North Lakhimpur experience decreasing trends in the frequency of rainy day and light rainfall and heavy rainfall respectively with a 5 % significance level. The result that comes out from this study shall be useful for the study of soil erosion, water resources management, and agricultural activity and may be useful for adopting flood disaster management policies.
7 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref
YOUNIS N M M
042701 YOUNIS N M M (Accounting Dep, Jeddah Univ, Saudi Arabia, Email: nmarie@uj.edu.sa ) : Big data and the future of the accounting profession. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(8), 883 – 92.
The purpose of this research is to study and analyze the Big Data, to identify the challenges which facing Big Data in business organizations, and to clarify the impact of Big Data on changing the roles of accountants and accounting profession. Determining the impact of big data analysis on improvement accounting information quality. To achieve this objective, reference was made to previous studies and related research, with a qualitative study based on in-depth and semi-structured interviews with specialists in the field of accounting and data analysis. The study concluded the impact of big data on the roles of accountants and the profession of accounting in the future, the importance of big data analysis in improving the accounting information quality. The other main findings of this research are that the importance to teach Big Data and business analysis in the curriculum of accounting education at the university level to enhance students’ knowledge on the importance of such data and how to process, store, and use them in the accounting field. The study recommends carrying out further scientific and applied research in Big Data to know its impact on the developments of the accounting profession. The original contribution of the study lies in the empirical investigation of the phenomenon of Big Data and the extent of the need for it because it provides great opportunities in the field of accounting measurement, changing the roles of accountants, the development of the accounting profession, and improving the quality of accounting information as one of the most recent developments in the accounting context.
1 table, 35 ref
NUR FITRIANI UA ,YUSUF M, PIRMAN
042698 NUR FITRIANI UA ,YUSUF M, PIRMAN (Agroindustry Dep, Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Pangkep, Parepare KM. 83 Mandalle, 90655, Pangkep Regency, Indonesia, Email: nurfitriani. poltekpangkep@gmail.com ) : Evaluation of physicochemical properties and sensory products of cocoa liquor and dark chocolate high polyphenols and flavanoids. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(7), 840 – 59.
This research aims to determine the comparison of cocoa beans without fermentation and cocoa beans fermented dark chocolate products that meet the criteria as a health food based on the content of polyphenols and flavonoids with the aroma and taste that is liked by consumers. The parameters tested on dark chocolate and cocoa liquor product are melting properties were determined using DSC (Differential scanning calorimeter), texture (TA-XT Plus Texture Analyzer), Colour lightness was measured using Hunter method (Chromameter), and total levels of polyphenols and flavonoids. In addition, the sensory analysis of aroma and taste using difference from control test methods. Statistical analyses were carried out with Design Expert Stat-Ease Version 11 for response surface methodology (DOE). Panelist data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) followed by Duncan’s Multiple Range, with a significance level of 0.05. The results of this study showed that the content of polyphenols and flavonoids on cocoa liquor and the highest dark chocolate respectively amounted to 195.472 mg/g samples and 79.622 mg/g samples while the levels of flavonoid respectively amounted to 206.15 mg/g samples and 113.15 mg/g samples. Best quality produced from cocoa liquor and dark chocolate (100 % cocoa beans without fermentation) is the viscosity of 10.49 ± 1.539 poise and 42.166 ± 14.936 poise, texture 5280 g Force/sec, color lightness 22.03 and 27.42, melting point 32.17 °C. Based on the organoleptic test, dark chocolate products with a comparison of cocoa beans without fermentation and cocoa beans fermentation 25 %: 75 % have a better aroma and taste and more liked by consumers compared to other products. Mixing cocoa beans fermentation and without fermentation in the making of dark chocolate can increase the aroma and taste of dark chocolate, so it not only has functional properties as a healthy food but also has aroma and flavor that liked by consumers.
8 illus, 9 tables, 43 ref
SUJITHA R, SEENIVASAGAM V
042695 SUJITHA R, SEENIVASAGAM V (Information Technology Dep, National Engineering Coll (Autonomous), Kovilpatti, Tamilnadu, Email: sujitha.r24@gmail. com ) : Extraction with map-reduce framework and correlation-based feature selection in lung cancer towards big data. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(7), 805 – 16.
To extract nucleus and cytoplasm that intend to optimize features in high-dimensional images such as all types of raw sputum cells. To calculate following features efficiently: Area, Perimeter, Intensity, NC Ratio, and Circularity. To take results in proposed stride, we introduced map-reduce framework for separating similar cells from sputum cell images that have been collected from Microscope lab images with intended magnification and staining. To avoid model learn from irrelevant features, feature selection methods with correlation-based feature selection contributes appropriate features that are then fed for classification. Features here converted to vectors for the estimation of symmetric uncertainty, correlationbased approach. Performance evaluation metrics checks into the contribution to measure it’s out coming performance. Even though lot of works relied on feature extraction, our work combines feature extraction with map-reduce framework which improves accuracy for classification. Our proposed method makes extraction of nucleus and cytoplasm easier than other methods. Optimized performance assured in proposed feature selection. Eventual accuracy for every feature in proposed stride improves than other existing works. In addition, ROC curves proves higher true positive rate even in increased datasets. Another significant innovation in our work is map-reduce framework applies in images to sort cells with respect to staining.
6 illus, 1 table, 21 ref
MOSTAFA M
042692 MOSTAFA M (Information Systems Dep, Helwan Univ, Helwan, Egypt, Email: mahmoud. mostafa.m@gmail.com) : Bitcoin’s blockchain peer-to-peer network security attacks and countermeasures. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(7), 767 – 86.
The main objective of this work is familiarizing users and researchers about Bitcoin’s blockchain peer-to-peer network system and investigating security attacks that threat this critical financial digital cash network. A comprehensive research analysis was conducted to identify Bitcoin’s blockchain peer-to-peer network security attacks and possible countermeasures to protect the Bitcoin network against such attacks. This bibliographical survey covers the related research works from the launch of blockchain in 2008 until the end of 2019. This study investigates eleven attacks that threaten Bitcoin’s blockchain peer-to-peer network systems and presents the possible countermeasures to defend these attacks. The conclusion obtained is encouraging the researchers to explore this hot research area. Besides, the study provides perspectives for future research directions in this domain.
2 illus, 1 table, 75 ref
MARASIGAN J C
042690 MARASIGAN J C (Eastern Samar State Univ, Philippines, Email: jos002200@yahoo.com ) : Validating and utilizing an outcomes-based education (OBE) student teaching manual in a state university in the Philippines. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(7), 743 – 55.
To study research design assessing and describing the content validity and utilization of the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) Student Teaching Manual. This study used a descriptive-evaluation research design assessing and describing the content validity and utilization of the Outcomes-Based Education (OBE) Student Teaching Manual using “ADDIE” Instructional Design Model. Results revealed that there was a relatively high and strong agreement among the three groups of respondents that the content of the OBE-Student Teaching Manual in all the five parts is valid, a high level of agreement by the respondents that the OBE-Student Teaching Manual was fully utilized in the four (4) phases of the student teaching program. A strong indication that ratings among the three groups of respondents on the content validation in the five parts of the OBE-Student Teaching Manual are not significantly different, a notable revelation that there were no significant differences on the ratings by the stakeholders on the Utilization of the OBE-Student Teaching Manual. The content of this manual is valid and considered to be fully utilized. It is highly recommended to be used by student teachers as learning resource material for student teaching.
13 tables, 14 ref
MAHESWARI S, ARUNESH K
042689 MAHESWARI S, ARUNESH K (Computer Science Dep, Sri S. Ramasamy Naidu Memorial Coll, Sattur - 626203, Virudhunagar District, Tamilnadu, Email: maheswaristr@ gmail.com) : Refined fault detection technique in wireless sensor networks. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 735 – 41.
Wireless sensor network (WSN) has sensor nodes; may failure happen because of hardware failure, communication error, energy depletion, and malicious attack. So there is a need to identify the problem and take necessary action to avoid performance degradation. The main objective of this research work is to enhance the performance and improves the network life time. The proposed method discusses the faulty sensor node and the type of fault that may be transient, intermittent, and permanent compares it with the other network which has the same type of faulty node. It considers both the hard fault and soft fault and also it detects the fault easily. The fault node is identified from the neighbor using nodes and when the information is received from the exterior passed to the sink. Tables in this article show that the sensor which is detected has a permanent, transient, or intermittent fault in three WSNs with a common mode of fault. The enhanced method saves the energy sources and finds the fault that occurs in common mode failure nodes in the WSNs.
4 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref
ULLAH N, AKRAM M S, BUZDAR H U, REHMAN A U, KHAN M A, KHAN S
042688 ULLAH N, AKRAM M S, BUZDAR H U, REHMAN A U, KHAN M A, KHAN S (Balochistan Univ of Information Technology, Quetta, Pakistan, Email: Muhammad.Abbas@buitms.edu. pk ) : ZigBee-based parameter monitoring and controlling scheme for multiple DC motors. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 725 – 34.
This study suggests a safe and economical wireless control and monitoring system for multiple DC motors based on ZigBee wireless communication. A set of sensors is used to control and monitor the information regarding the multiple DC motors parameters such as voltage, speed, temperature, and over-current and then transmit this information through the wireless ZigBee Protocol. A microcontroller is used for information collection and storage. According to monitored information, the DC motor will be stopped or started by the control signal via the computer interface produced with ZigBee when a certain condition is accomplished. The developed system can perform various operations like the automatic on/off of multiple DC motors, forward & reverse, speed control, checking overload condition, current measuring, and voltage measuring. The parameters: voltage, current, temperature, revolution per minute (RPM) can be detected in real-time by sensors and transferred to the host computer, displayed and store in an excel file. A ZigBee device is used to receive and transmit data efficiently from microcontroller to the PC and vice versa. In the past, similar systems were used for a single DC motor which was expensive such as PLC and Wi-Fi. In this work, a cost-effective ZigBee-based system is used for multiple DC motors. The proposed system can be further improved and modified for the real-time measuring system for AC machines. Moreover, the proposed wireless monitoring system can be enhanced with artificial intelligence.
6 illus, 1 table, 11 ref
KALAISELVI N, MADHU K U
042684 KALAISELVI N, MADHU K U (Affiliated to Manonmaniam Sundaranar Univ, Tirunelveli - 627012, Tamilnadu, Email: availnks84@gmail. com) : Synthesis, morphological, and elemental analysis of pure and tin doped chromium oxide nanoparticles. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 674 – 85.
To synthesize the pure and tin doped chromium oxide nanoparticles and analyzing the structural, morphological, and elemental composition of the prepared samples. Sn2+ doped chromium oxide (Cr2O3) nanoparticles are synthesized by microwave-assisted solvothermal method which is simple and cost effective. The pure as prepared sample was subjected to TG/DTA analysis. The impact of the added dopant (Sn2+) on the Cr2O3 nanoparticles was investigated by X-ray diffraction pattern, scanning electron microscopy, and Energy dispersive X-ray spectra. The synthesized tin doped chromium oxide nanoparticles were annealed at 700 ˚C for 2 h to enhance the crystalline quality and to obtain the desirable crystal phase. The annealed samples were found to be in rhombohedral structure and its average grain size decreases from 24 to 10 nm on increasing the dopant concentration. The scanning electron micrograph corroborates that the prepared nanoparticles are mostly spherical in shape. The Energy dispersive X-ray spectra ensure the presence of Cr, O, and Sn. This study has proven that the particle size will be tuned by increasing the concentration of Sn2+ in pure Cr2O3 nanoparticles. The Cr2O3 nanoparticles are mainly used in paints and pigments, the reduction in size increases the coating performance such as scratch resistance, hardness, and UV resistance.
14 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref
BAO-TORAYNO M, RABOY L J M,NAMOCO C S
042683 BAO-TORAYNO M, RABOY L J M,NAMOCO C S (Quantumlinx PTY LTD, Sydney, NSW, Australia, Email: michelletorayno@yahoo.com ) : A text clustering preprocessing technique for mixed bisaya and english short message service (SMS) messages for higher education institutions (HEIs) enrolment-related inquiries. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 654 – 73.
This study is aimed to develop a text preprocessing technique for mixed Bisaya and English short message service (SMS) messages. This technique is used to extract significant keywords for SMS message clustering procedure as the basis for SMS automated response on Higher Education Institution (HEI)’s enrollmentrelated inquiries. In this study, a text clustering preprocessing technique is introduced and developed for mixed Bisaya and English SMS messages for Higher Education Institution (HEI) enrollment-related inquiries. The technique is a relatively new approach to extract significant keywords while addressing key challenges in morphological complexities on mixed Bisaya and English SMS messages. The method has seven (7) stages namely: tokenization, language tagging, stop-word removal, stemming, Soundex, final-tagging, and language translation. The term frequency co-occurrence clustering approach is applied to evaluate the precision and effectiveness of the text preprocessing technique. Test results revealed that the method produces a good preprocessing procedure with approximately 73 %–83 % accuracy rate on text processing and 87 %–90 % accuracy rate when text preprocessing is applied to clustering. The results of this study may assist academic institutions in maximizing the opportunity to effectively entertain more enrollment-related inquiries via SMS as an alternative communication medium to its target market. This also promotes technological advancement for the institution as it utilizes an ICTenhanced marketing approach through mobile technology.
6 illus, 6 tables, 17 ref
PALADA E, ALDE E, DELANTAR R
042682 PALADA E, ALDE E, DELANTAR R (Eastern Samar State Univ, Philippines, Email: ovp.pre.essu@gmail. com ) : Effect of training on knowledge level of farmers about commercial poultry and table egg production. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 646 – 53.
The study assessed the effect of training on commercial poultry and table egg production on the knowledge level of farmers. Two training sessions were conducted in Oras and San Policarpo, Eastern Samar in the same venue and by the same team of resource persons that was participated by 200 farmers identified as beneficiaries of the SAAD program of the Philippine government. The topics covered during each of the two-day training session were on house construction, production management, feeding, health and sanitation, poultry farms and the environment, and record keeping and marketing. The knowledge level of the farmers was indicated by the scores they obtained during the pre-test and post-test administered immediately before and after the training. The results of the study revealed that there was a significant difference in the knowledge level of the farmers before and after the training (t = 8.009, p = 0.000). The change in the knowledge level of the farmers due to the training on commercial poultry and table egg production was 33.14 % on the average, and the effect size of the training was found large (ES = 1.22). Sex, age, and education were found to have no significant influence on the percent change in knowledge level among the farmer-respondents. It may be concluded from the study that the training on commercial poultry and table egg production has resulted a significant effect on the knowledge level of the farmers.
3 tables, 10 ref
MANNAN A, ZAIDI S A, SAEED M A, HAIDER F
042680 MANNAN A, ZAIDI S A, SAEED M A, HAIDER F (Bauhaus Univ, Weimar, Germany, Email: syed.safdar. abbas.zaidi@uni-weimar.de B) : Influence of infill masonry on a building frame under seismic loadings and its hazards vulnerability assessment. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(6), 617 – 29.
In this study, a four-story frame structure is modelled using finite element software in two different conditions of infill and without infill masonry effects. A pushover analysis is carried out to assess the seismic response and building performance under three different loading conditions of modal, triangular, and uniform loading. The all-possible loadings in negative and positive directions have been applied and building response is measured. A performance capacity curve in terms of base shear is developed for all possible loading scenarios. Finally, a comparison of bare and infill frame has been made and some conclusions were made. Uniform loading among all three categories is found to be higher in capacity for both types of frames in positive and negative directions. The presence of non-structural masonry walls results in a better behavior of frames compared to bare frame. They initially increase the strength, stiffness, and energy dissipation of frames despite their brittle failure.
8 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref
PRIYA A D, BRINDHA D, REXIE J A M, RANJEETHAPRIYA K, ELWIN J G R
042678 PRIYA A D, BRINDHA D, REXIE J A M, RANJEETHAPRIYA K, ELWIN J G R (Information Technology Dep, Sri Krishna Coll of Engineering and Technology, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu, Email: adevipriya@skcet. ac.in ) : IOT based cardiac rhythm monitoring system using geolocation and automation. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(5), 597 – 605.
Numerous individuals among us lose their life to heart assault. Currently in India, the heart attack death rate is 34 %. This is a result of their eating regimen, age, less physical movement, and numerous different components. The main cause of death during heart attack is not providing immediate help to the patient. By continuously monitoring the pulse rate and sweat of a patient, heart attack can be detected. The objective of this proposition is to develop a high-productivity and low cost gadget which measures the number of heart beats per minute of the patient and distinguishing the heart assault by putting sensors on any one of the fingers (except thumb due to absence of capillary tissues) or at any spot on the body that the pulse can be estimated from, and afterward showing the outcome on the serial monitor of the Arduino IDE. To increase the accuracy of the system, a moisture sensor is used to detect sweat cold. If any abnormalities occur, the Global System for Mobile Communications (GSM) module is activated and it sends an alert message to the mobile numbers which are already provided in the Arduino code. Using the Google Maps API the nearest hospital to the patient is located and the details are shared to the nearest ambulance and family members. The Electronic Health Records (EHR) is shared to the respective hospital before the arrival of the patient. The framework performs precise identification and insinuation of messages to the distinctive overseers of the patients. Numerous lives might be spared in the brief length by utilizing this created framework.
8 illus, 7 ref
OBLIOPAS R, AFABLE F, RIVERA J
042676 OBLIOPAS R, AFABLE F, RIVERA J (Eastern Samar State Univ, Philippines, Email: riomaroblioas@ gmail.com) : Cognitive empathy and leadership performance of middle level educational managers in a state university. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(5), 576 – 86.
This study aimed at evaluating the relationship between cognitive empathy and leadership performance of the middle level educational managers in a Philippine State University. Utilizing the correlation method of research, data collected via the administration of two sets of questionnaires to 59 respondents across campuses were analyzed using appropriate descriptive and inferential statistical tools. Results have revealed variance in profile characteristics of the respondents which did not manifest any significant relationship with cognitive empathy and leadership performance. Furthermore, it was shown that the middle level educational managers exhibited enhanced and effective functioning skills in the different domains of cognitive empathy and have showcased a high level of leadership in all performance parameters. Generally, cognitive empathy showed a positive significant relationship with leadership performance. Findings imply the need to further strengthen weaker areas of cognitive empathy of middle-level managers as it is proven to impact positive variance on leadership.
6 tables, 32 ref
KHAN M O, JUMANI A K, SIDDIQUE W A , SHAIKH A A
042675 KHAN M O, JUMANI A K, SIDDIQUE W A , SHAIKH A A (Computer Science Dep, ILMA Univ, Karachi, Pakistan, Email: awaisjumani@ yahoo.com ) : Fast delivery, continuously build, testing and deployment with devops pipeline techniques on cloud. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(5), 552 – 75.
To implement the DevOps pipeline on cloud for an organization. That is designed and implemented according to the project requirements. The results of the study are to automate everything using DevOps pipeline on cloud native with executed Continuous Integration (CI), Continuous Delivery (CD), and Monitoring required for the case project. The best practices of DevOps are for automated test execution, automated deployment on different environments, and monitoring of the application. It also maintains the application source code repository structure.
18 illus, 1 table, 37 ref
TAIRAB A E M, LIU W , REHMAN A U, ULLAH I, CLAUDE K
042674 TAIRAB A E M, LIU W , REHMAN A U, ULLAH I, CLAUDE K (Hohai Univ, Changzhou Campus, China, Email: terab2017@ outlook.com) : Performance analysis of borehole u-tube heat exchanger based on TRNSYS software. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(5), 539 – 51.
There exist many alternatives to store thermal energy for handling the seasonal offset. Among these alternatives, a borehole heat exchanger is better for storage of the thermal energy. In this work, the comparison of the performance of two boreholes U-tube models has been presented. The first one is double U buried pipes and the second one is single U buried pipes with a diameter of 25 mm and 32 mm, respectively. The performance is evaluated by the numerical method and analysis is done by using TRNSYS software. This investigates the thermal functioning of ground heat exchangers by constant inlet water temperatures and different borehole depths. Both single-U and double-U have the same depths but different diameters and sensors of both boreholes are integrated into the circle to measure the temperature. The results demonstrate that temperature increases in 105 m depth, this depth of borehole is quite deep. It is also showed that the average thermal conductivity is 1.446 W/m °C; the average thermal diffusivity is 0.730 × 10-6 m2/s although the optimum velocity range is 0.3–0.6 m/s. Furthermore, the results show that a single U buried pipe with a large space should be used. The distance between buried pipes must be 5 m. Special attention should pay to the backfilling methods, backfilling construction, and backfilling materials of buried pipes.
12 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref
PADRE R J, GANOTICE F, IMATONG H, PASCUAL K S, REGALADO M J C J
042671 PADRE R J, GANOTICE F, IMATONG H, PASCUAL K S, REGALADO M J C J (Kalinga State Univ, 3800 City of Tabuk, Kalinga, Philippines, Email: rjpadre2007@ yahoo.com ) : Performance and energy efficiency of new rice varieties under aerobic growing conditions, different tillage and direct seeding methods in Kalinga, Philippines. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(5), 493 – 501.
To evaluate the performance of three (3) selected hybrid rice varieties, namely NSIC RC9 (V1), M19 (V2), M20 (V3) and one (1) inbred rice variety (M228) through minimum and conventional tillage with the use of different direct-seeding methods for seeding in aerobic condition in Kalinga, Philippines. The field experiment was laid out in a split-split-plot in RCBD with tillage, seeding method, and variety as treatments in four replications. The agronomic performance, yield performance, and energy efficiency of the rice varieties were evaluated in two cropping year from August 2013 to March 2015. Agronomic performance, such as seed emergence, height at maturity, number of productive tillers, length of panicles, percent of filled grains, weight of 1000 seeds, final grain yield of the said varieties were analyzed for each treatments. The cost effectiveness, labor productivity, and energy efficiency were also analyzed for each treatment. Generally, there are no significant differences of the selected varieties including the inbred variety in terms of seed emergence, plant height, length of panicle, productive tillers, and percent filled grains, 1000 grain weight and grain yield under tillage practices and different seeding techniques. In like manner, the agronomic and yield performance varied across varieties. Regardless of tillage practices, the varieties did not exhibit any significant differences in terms of production cost, labor productivity and energy efficiency after two cropping year. Furthermore, plastic drum seeding techniques found to be more cost effective, while Korean seeding technique had the highest labor productivity and most energy efficient. Based on the result of the study, the agronomic and yield performance of newly released varieties are comparable as to inbred varieties used while the used of plastic drum seeder had the lowest cost of production and highest overall energy ratio (OER). On the other hand, the highest labor productivity was observed from the used of Korean seeder. This study demonstrated that selected rice varieties exhibited the same agronomic performance and yield performance under conservation and minimum tillage with different seeding techniques in Kalinga, Philippines. In addition, the production cost, labor productivity, and energy efficiency depend from seeding techniques to be employed.
1 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref
IBRAHIM R H,SALEH A-R H
042666 IBRAHIM R H,SALEH A-R H (Astronomy and Space Dep, Baghdad Univ, Baghdad, Iraq, Email: rasha_hashimi@ yahoo.com ) : Improvement of the accuracy of the perturbed orbital elements for LEO satellite by improving 4th order runge–kutta’s method. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(4), 417 – 29.
To study the motion equation under all perturbations effect for Low Earth Orbit (LEO) satellite. Predicting a satellite’s orbit is an important part of mission exploration. Using 4thorder Runge–Kutta’s method this equation was integrated numerically. In this study, the accurate perturbed value of orbital elements was calculated by using sub-steps number m during one revolution, also different step numbers nnn during 400 revolutions. The predication algorithm was applied and orbital elements changing were analyzed. The satellite in LEO influences by drag more than other perturbations regardless nnn through semi-major axis and eccentricity reducing. The results demonstrated that when m for Runge– Kutta’s method is large; the perturbed value for orbital element considers more acceptable. Furthermore, as nnn increases the step will reduce.
9 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref
SABEIB Z A A, ALSENANY S A
042664 SABEIB Z A A, ALSENANY S A (Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, Email: zaabusabeib@pnu.edu.sa ) : Comparison of breastfeeding knowledge before and after studying obstetric course at nursing college. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(4), 400 – 04.
Breastfeeding is a significant health issue; it is natural, safe, and nutritive for the babies. The study aim was to assess nursing college students’ knowledge and attitudes about breastfeeding before and after studying an obstetrics course at a university in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. An exploratory descriptive study done in March 2017, in the College of Nursing. A convenient sample (94 and 63 students from levels 5 and 7, respectively) included in the study. A self-administered questionnaire was used to assess the students’ knowledge and attitudes, and to compare the results of those who studied the obstetric course and those who have not. No significant difference was found between the two levels regarding the score of knowledge and attitude. Realization of the significance of breastfeeding should be promoted among nursing students through comprehensive training.
3 tables, 18 ref
RAMALAKSHMI V, PATHAK V K, FAHIS U S, SHAJI F
042662 RAMALAKSHMI V, PATHAK V K, FAHIS U S, SHAJI F (Krupanidhi Group of Institutions, Bangalore, Email: rama.krupanidhi@ gmail.com ) : Precedence of work environment factors influencing employee performance: A RIDIT approach. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(4), 371 – 83.
The aim of this study is to analyze the impact of work environment on employee performance and to establish the ranks and prioritize the items related to work environment (WE) in order to maximize employee performance. Descriptive methodology was used for the study. Association between work environment and employee performance was identified by using correlation analysis. Means of the items of WE were obtained and ranks were provided to the various factors of work environment using RIDIT analysis. The review founds the need to connect work environment with the performance of workers. The managers need to study the rankings provided to the various factors of the work environment and derive the policies or make amendments as and where needed, according to the priority of the factors. This will enhance the overall performance of the employee of the organization as suggested in the study. The uniqueness of this study is, prioritizing the items of work environment with respect to employee performance by using RIDIT analysis. Hence, firms can concentrate and give utmost importance for those items to maximize workers’ efficiency and hence organization performance.
6 tables, 44 ref
BAWAGAN J M J
042661 BAWAGAN J M J (The Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) Univ, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Email: jjbawagan@up.edu.ph ) : A Kidney exchange matching application using the blossom and hungarian algorithms for pairwise and multiway matching. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 229 – 47.
Patients of kidney failure sometimes have incompatible donors. This study proposes an application to get the best matchings based on scoring data. For pairwise matching, we created a new graph from the original scoring matrix. This graph ensures pairwise matchings. To find an optimal matching, we used the Blossom algorithm. For multiway matching, we interpreted the scoring matrix as an assignment problem. For this, we used the Hungarian algorithm. The application was created using Python, NetworkX, NumPy, and PySimpleGUI. The app uses CSV files as input. Both algorithms made for polynomial run times. Matching is fast and is guaranteed to be optimal. The application itself gets instantaneous results even for large donor-patient matrices. Hospitals or organizations can use this application for their kidney matching programs.
32 illus, 10 ref
MAHAR S A, MAHAR M H, DANWAR S H, MAHARJ A, SHAIKH A A
042660 MAHAR S A, MAHAR M H, DANWAR S H, MAHARJ A, SHAIKH A A (Computer Science Dep, Shah Abdul Latif Univ, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: mahar. javed@gmail.com ) : Prosody generation using back propagation neural networks for sindhi speech processing applications. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 218 – 28.
Analysis and synthesis of speech to be automated still require more research efforts in general and for the development of speech processing applications based on Arabic Script like Sindh Textto-Speech in particular. To achieve the required results from the speech processing applications prosodic features must be exercised extremely as the prosody is highly linked with the information of sounds having different characteristics like linguistic rules, complications and variations of expressions. This study aims to generate and analyze the prosodic information specifically pitch and duration from the recorded Sindhi sounds using the back propagation neural network. Two methods are used to obtain the prosodic information of Sindhi sounds, PRAAT speech analyser is used to obtain the results and for the validation a back propagation neural network model is implemented. From the four districts of Sindh 228 speakers were chosen and the sound of different descriptive sentences was recorded for the experiments. After the experiments with a neural network model with multiple layers on the collected sound, 98.8 % a highly acceptable level of accuracy achieved at the 18th epoch among the 100 epochs. The generated Sindhi prosodic information and adopted research methodology will be supportive to the scholars of Sindhi speech processing applications. This research work can be considered as the first step as no work for generating Sindhi prosody is found yet.
7 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref
GOUHO J B B, KARIM S, AKA B, BABRI3 M
042659 GOUHO J B B, KARIM S, AKA B, BABRI3 M (Nangui Abrogoua Univ, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Email: gouhobi@ yahoo.fr ) : Automatic modulation classification based on in-phase quadrature diagram constellation combined with a deep learning model. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 200 – 12.
This study aims to present a framework for Automatic Modulation recognition using Deep learning without feature extraction. We study seven modulations using the In-Phase Quadrature constellation polluted by Additive White Gaussian Noise. We apply the K-means algorithm to normalize data transmitted and polluted by noise; the new diagram obtained is considered as an image and coded in pixel before entering in a Deep Neural Network where we apply 20 % dropout on hidden layers to avoid overfitting. The simulation is carried out in Matlab. Experiment performed on selected modulations following the proposed framework gives a good percentage of recognition equal to 96.12 %. Our algorithm Deep Neural Network imaGe gives the best performance results at epoch equal to 2,000,000. The outcome will be beneficial for researchers in Software-Defined Radio for civilian and military applications like electronic attacks and electronic protection.
14 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref
CHOI J-Y
042658 CHOI J-Y (Smart IT Dep, U1 Univ, Asan 31415, Korea, Email: jychoi@u1.ac.kr) : Capacitance of two overlapping conducting spheres. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 193 – 9.
We calculate the capacitance of two conducting spheres, which are partially overlapping. Two sequences of image charges are needed to make the surfaces of the conductors equipotential by the method of images. For some special contact angles, the number of image charges is finite and they are located inside the unphysical region (that is, the conducting spheres). We obtain the closed-form expressions for the charges and positions of the image charges for some special contact angles from which any physical quantities including the capacitance are calculated. The result can be applicable to estimating the capacitances of some biological cells and nanoparticles.
3 illus, 8 ref
ABBASI I A, KHATWANI M K, PANHWAR F Y
042654 ABBASI I A, KHATWANI M K, PANHWAR F Y (Sindh Univ, Jamshoro, Pakistan, Email: mukesh. khatwani@usindh.edu.pk ) : Social costs of war against terrorism in Pakistan (2002–2012). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 127 – 40.
The terrorist attacks of September 9/11 ensued war on terror, which had world-wide implications. Being a front-line state in this war, Pakistan faced several human security challenges and risks on social, economic, and psychological grounds. This article critically analyses the impact of war on terror, which jeopardized lives of common people and aggravated militancy and extremism in the country. This is a qualitative case study research that tries to establish an in-depth understanding of the social phenomenon of war on terror and its consequences on the social setup of human life in Pakistan. The major finding of research reveals that the war on terror caused religious extremism, suicide bombing culture, external intervention, and internal displacement. In order to control terrorism in Pakistan and to mitigate the post-war on terror effects, this research recommends to develop and enhance coordination in the affairs of main functionary bodies of the country like government, security forces, and intelligence agencies.
2 illus, 3 tables, 36 ref
SIDDIQUE W A, SIDDIQUI M F, JUMANI A K, SHAIKH A A
042653 SIDDIQUE W A, SIDDIQUI M F, JUMANI A K, SHAIKH A A (ILMA Univ Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: awaisjumani@ yahoo.com ) : Controlling and monitoring of industrial parameters through cloud computing and hmi using opc data hub software. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 114 – 26.
Controlling and monitoring of the whole process of industry is very difficult from a single place. Many workers required in different places of the plant to monitor, analyse, and gather data and to perform specific function accordingly. These gathering of data cause us our precious time. Sometimes due to this delay, many accidents occur like fire, leaking of different dangerous gases or materials, etc. Many monitoring tools and methods were developed to give solution for gathering data, but still workers were needed on the plant side to complete the task like powering on or off the system. This cloud-based industrial system controlling and monitoring application is designed not only to help in gathering data but also in controlling of different parameters of industry in a single application. This gathering is done via the cloud; Human Machine Interface (HMI) is linked to a database so that everyone can easily understand the working status of the plant. These data can be controlled and monitored from everywhere and from every device which has internet availability. Here we are using Siemens manufactured digital module of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) s7-200. Without any internet module of PLC, we are sending our data over cloud to be monitored and controlled from all over the world. The next step of this application will be receiving notifications via email or SMS whenever a parameter is changed.
6 illus, 1 table, 33 ref
MITTAL A, GUPTA R K
042647 MITTAL A, GUPTA R K (S. R. K. Univ, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Email: sss.math@yahoo. co.in ) : A cryptographic technique involving finite fields and logical operators. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(3), 316 – 328.
The aim of this study is to propose a new encryption/ decryption technique which involves logical operators and finite field. The study proposes a new method for encrypting/decrypting messages which use logical operator XOR and finite field. The method involves sharing common keys between sender and receiver. Then converting plain text into ASCII values bit-form. XORing this with random matrix and then using finite field GF (2^5) for converting it into polynomial elements. These elements are then used for creating cipher text. Decrypting process is reverse of encrypting process. The technique uses 6×6 matrix form for encrypting messages which can be very difficult to crack with known plain text attacks. The use of XOR operations displaces bits in matrix which makes it difficult to break by brute force technique. The technique is useful in areas where sensitive information is to be transferred like banking, military services. If the private key has got into third-party hands, the damage can be huge. To overcome this, the proposed algorithm can be used by randomizing the keys used for encrypting the messages which will provide different keys for encrypting different data blocks.
10 ref
IBRAHIM D
042645 IBRAHIM D (Computer Information Systems Dep, Near East Univ, Cyprus, Email: dogan.ibrahim@ neu.edu.tr ) : Low-power early forest fire detection and warning system. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(3), 286 – 98.
In this study, the design of a microcontroller based early forest fire detection and warning system is described. The system can be installed in a forest and it consists of a network of microcontroller based fire detection sensors and long-range RF transmitter–receiver modules. As soon as a fire is detected, the system sends warning messages to the relevant emergency command and control centres so that appropriate action can be taken as soon as possible to put off the fire and minimize the damage. The objective of this study is to develop and design a low power microcontroller based early forest fire detection system.The system described in this study consists of a network of microcontroller based fire detection sensors and long-range raw RF transmitter/receiver modules, scattered around a forest. The system uses low power microcontrollers which are kept in deep sleep mode most of the time, thus conserving power which is one of the novelties of the designed system. One of the aims of this study has been to design a low power early forest fire detection and warning system. The designed system makes use of specially selected microcontrollers which can operate in deep sleep modes and as a result they can be configured to consume low currents. The results showed that the current consumption in deep sleep mode was only 10 mA, which is in general much lower than the current consumption of most ordinary microcontrollers. With such low power consumption, it should be possible to operate the overall system for longer hours before the batteries need charging via solar energy cells. Most forest fire detection systems rely on Bluetooth, ZigBee, WiFi, or similar technology for communication, which is not practical to implement in a forest environment. The designed system makes use of raw RF for communication which is normally available and very reliable.The early forest fire detection and warning system described in this article can be improved by using arrays of multiple scattered sensors.
8 illus, 1 table, 22 ref
AKHTAR M N, ADREES M, QURESHIM M, ALI Z
042644 AKHTAR M N, ADREES M, QURESHIM M, ALI Z (Computer Science & Information Technology Dep, The Univ of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan, Email: nadeem.akhtar@cs.uol.edu.pk) : Ethical issues of radio frequency identification chips implanted in human bodies: A review. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(3), 269 – 76.
This study belongs to the overview of an IT innovation technology known as “Radio Frequency Identification” (RFID) and its implantation in human bodies. This study provides critical analysis and review on ethical issues of RFID chips implanted in human bodies. Although there are some certain benefits to use this innovation in human bodies but on the other side its usage has very severe health impacts on human life. This study deals with RFID ethical issues, boundaries and constraints which confined its use. The major outcome of this study is to discuss and highlight these ethical issues and challenges due to which the deployment and implementation of this technology has become a controversial and debatable issue. Also focus on “legislation deficiencies” lying in RFID usage and suggest recommendations to improve it, so that its usage may continue for the betterment of mankind. This article provides cutting edge knowledge on ethical issues of RFID chips implanted in human bodies for researchers of this domain.
1 illus, 15 ref
ELAMIN N, TALAB S A, KHALID A
042643 ELAMIN N, TALAB S A, KHALID A (Neelian Univ, Khartoum, Sudan, Email: neeahmed@nu.edu. sa) : Sentiment analysis with supervised learning techniques: A survey. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(3), 249 – 68.
This study aims two main goals; one is to provide complete notions relevant to sentiment analysis by SA mechanisms, its categorization, and its techniques. The second goal is to make a comprehensive study of supervised learning techniques used in SA classification to summarize the different works conducted in this area and track the recent developments. To achieve the first goal, several important survey studies, including modern and relevant works presented would be analyzed for full concepts around SA. As for the second objective of the study, the most important reports would be investigated, analyzed, and compared in the use of supervised learning techniques in SA from the previous to the recent researches till 2019. This study also made a comprehensive research of the supervised machine learning classifiers used in SA, its recent techniques and enhancement methods and the suggestion future works. There are still some open challenges in this area such as mining the complex reviews and implicit aspect identification. The sentiment language is also a challenge; thus, addressing each language according to its attributes is a difficult task and so the sentiment domain issue. The information provided is used in assessing opinions and analyzing sentiment that could be used by researchers and institutions, and to identify different trends besides recommending the future research directions.
4 illus, 70 ref
BHAGWAN J M J
042642 BHAGWAN J M J (The Philippines Los Baños (UPLB) Univ, Laguna 4031, Philippines, Email: jjbawagan@up.edu.ph ) : A Kidney exchange matching application using the blossom and hungarian algorithms for pairwise and multiway matching. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 229 – 47.
Patients of kidney failure sometimes have incompatible donors. This study proposes an application to get the best matchings based on scoring data. For pairwise matching, we created a new graph from the original scoring matrix. This graph ensures pairwise matchings. To find an optimal matching, we used the Blossom algorithm. For multiway matching, we interpreted the scoring matrix as an assignment problem. For this, we used the Hungarian algorithm. The application was created using Python, NetworkX, NumPy, and PySimpleGUI. The app uses CSV files as input. Both algorithms made for polynomial run times. Matching is fast and is guaranteed to be optimal. The application itself gets instantaneous results even for large donor-patient matrices. Hospitals or organizations can use this application for their kidney matching programs.
32 illus, 10 ref
MAHAR S A, MAHAR M H, DANWAR S H, MAHAR J A, SHAIKH A A
042641 MAHAR S A, MAHAR M H, DANWAR S H, MAHAR J A, SHAIKH A A (Computer Science Dep, Shah Abdul Latif Univ, Khairpur, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: mahar. javed@gmail.com ) : Prosody generation using back propagation neural networks for sindhi speech processing applications. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 218 – 28.
Analysis and synthesis of speech to be automated still require more research efforts in general and for the development of speech processing applications based on Arabic Script like Sindh Textto-Speech in particular. To achieve the required results from the speech processing applications prosodic features must be exercised extremely as the prosody is highly linked with the information of sounds having different characteristics like linguistic rules, complications and variations of expressions. This study aims to generate and analyze the prosodic information specifically pitch and duration from the recorded Sindhi sounds using the back propagation neural network. Two methods are used to obtain the prosodic information of Sindhi sounds, PRAAT speech analyser is used to obtain the results and for the validation a back propagation neural network model is implemented. From the four districts of Sindh 228 speakers were chosen and the sound of different descriptive sentences was recorded for the experiments. After the experiments with a neural network model with multiple layers on the collected sound, 98.8 % a highly acceptable level of accuracy achieved at the 18th epoch among the 100 epochs. The generated Sindhi prosodic information and adopted research methodology will be supportive to the scholars of Sindhi speech processing applications. This research work can be considered as the first step as no work for generating Sindhi prosody is found yet.
7 illus, 2 tables, 21 ref
GOUHO J B B, KARIM S, AKA B, BABRI M
042640 GOUHO J B B, KARIM S, AKA B, BABRI M (Nangui Abrogoua Univ, Abidjan, Côte d’Ivoire, Email: gouhobi@ yahoo.fr ) : Automatic modulation classification based on in-phase quadrature diagram constellation combined with a deep learning model. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 200 – 12.
This study aims to present a framework for Automatic Modulation recognition using Deep learning without feature extraction. We study seven modulations using the In-Phase Quadrature constellation polluted by Additive White Gaussian Noise. We apply the K-means algorithm to normalize data transmitted and polluted by noise; the new diagram obtained is considered as an image and coded in pixel before entering in a Deep Neural Network where we apply 20 % dropout on hidden layers to avoid overfitting. The simulation is carried out in Matlab. Experiment performed on selected modulations following the proposed framework gives a good percentage of recognition equal to 96.12 %. Our algorithm Deep Neural Network imaGe gives the best performance results at epoch equal to 2,000,000. The outcome will be beneficial for researchers in Software-Defined Radio for civilian and military applications like electronic attacks and electronic protection.
14 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref
CHOI Y-J
042639 CHOI Y-J (Smart IT Dep, U1 Univ, Asan 31415, Korea) : Capacitance of two overlapping conducting spheres. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 193 – 9.
We calculate the capacitance of two conducting spheres, which are partially overlapping. Two sequences of image charges are needed to make the surfaces of the conductors equipotential by the method of images. For some special contact angles, the number of image charges is finite and they are located inside the unphysical region (that is, the conducting spheres). We obtain the closed-form expressions for the charges and positions of the image charges for some special contact angles from which any physical quantities including the capacitance are calculated. The result can be applicable to estimating the capacitances of some biological cells and nanoparticles.
3 illus, 8 ref
DEVI R L V R, NEERAJA A, SWAPNA Y, NAGARADHIKA V, SUJATHA P S S R, MURTHY M K
042637 DEVI R L V R, NEERAJA A, SWAPNA Y, NAGARADHIKA V, SUJATHA P S S R, MURTHY M K (Mathematics Dep, REVA Univ, Bengaluru, Karnataka, Email: kalyankrishna51@ gmail.com ) : Numerical study of MHD casson liquid stream over an infinite vertical porous plate with newtonian heating. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 149 – 60.
Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) stream of Casson liquid over a limitless vertical porous plate with Newtonian heating is considered. Casson liquid is non-Newtonian liquid. The governing nonlinear equations are comprehended utilizing shooting system. The impacts of relevant governing parameters on the liquid velocity and the temperature are exhibited graphically. The coefficient of skin friction and the rate of heat transfer are determined numerically. The present outcomes have been good simultaneousness with existing outcomes under some unique cases. Porous plates are additionally used in the design of heat exchangers, computer assemblies, polymer industry, and automotive industry.
8 illus, 1 table, 19 ref
SUNOJ B S, MATHEW VARKEY T K
042636 SUNOJ B S, MATHEW VARKEY T K (Mathematics Dep, Government Polytechnic Coll, Attingal, Kerala, Indiax, Email: spalazhi@yahoo. com ) : Linear incidence edge prime labeling – More results on path related di graphs. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 141 – 8.
Our aim is to find new families of di graphs that admit linear incidence edge prime labeling. Here the vertices are assigned with 0,1,…,m−1 and edges with 2g(v) + g(u), where u is the initial vertex and v is the terminal vertex and g is the vertex labeling function. The graph is prime when the greatest common incidence number of vertices with in degree greater than one is one. Here we prove that di graph of corona product of Pn with K2, strong shadow graph of path Pn, strong splitting graph of path Pn, square graph of path Pn, tortoise graph of path Pn, graph obtained by joining the corresponding internal vertices of two copies of path Pn, strong Z graph of path Pn admit linear incidence edge prime labeling. One can generalize these results and find some structural properties. These results may be applied to the transportation problem, chemical graph theory and decision analysis.
6 illus, 6 ref
ABBASI I A, KHATWANI M K, PANHWAR F Y
042635 ABBASI I A, KHATWANI M K, PANHWAR F Y (Sindh Univ, Jamshoro, Pakistan, Email: mukesh. khatwani@usindh.edu.pk ) : Social costs of war against terrorism in Pakistan (2002–2012). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 127 – 40.
The terrorist attacks of September 9/11 ensued war on terror, which had world-wide implications. Being a front-line state in this war, Pakistan faced several human security challenges and risks on social, economic, and psychological grounds. This article critically analyses the impact of war on terror, which jeopardized lives of common people and aggravated militancy and extremism in the country. This is a qualitative case study research that tries to establish an in-depth understanding of the social phenomenon of war on terror and its consequences on the social setup of human life in Pakistan. The major finding of research reveals that the war on terror caused religious extremism, suicide bombing culture, external intervention, and internal displacement. In order to control terrorism in Pakistan and to mitigate the post-war on terror effects, this research recommends to develop and enhance coordination in the affairs of main functionary bodies of the country like government, security forces, and intelligence agencies.
2 illus, 3 tables, 36 ref
SIDDIQUE W A, SIDDIQUI M F, JUMANI A K, SHAIKH A A
042634 SIDDIQUE W A, SIDDIQUI M F, JUMANI A K, SHAIKH A A (ILMA Univ Karachi, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: awaisjumani@ yahoo.com ) : Controlling and monitoring of industrial parameters through cloud computing and hmi using OPC data hub software. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 114 – 26.
Controlling and monitoring of the whole process of industry is very difficult from a single place. Many workers required in different places of the plant to monitor, analyse, and gather data and to perform specific function accordingly. These gathering of data cause us our precious time. Sometimes due to this delay, many accidents occur like fire, leaking of different dangerous gases or materials, etc. Many monitoring tools and methods were developed to give solution for gathering data, but still workers were needed on the plant side to complete the task like powering on or off the system. This cloud-based industrial system controlling and monitoring application is designed not only to help in gathering data but also in controlling of different parameters of industry in a single application. This gathering is done via the cloud; Human Machine Interface (HMI) is linked to a database so that everyone can easily understand the working status of the plant. These data can be controlled and monitored from everywhere and from every device which has internet availability. Here we are using Siemens manufactured digital module of Programmable Logic Controller (PLC) s7-200. Without any internet module of PLC, we are sending our data over cloud to be monitored and controlled from all over the world. The next step of this application will be receiving notifications via email or SMS whenever a parameter is changed.
6 illus, 1 table, 33 ref
REDDY D A, MISRA S, SINDHU P J , PREMARAJAN S, JOHN S
042633 REDDY D A, MISRA S, SINDHU P J , PREMARAJAN S, JOHN S (Krupanidhi Group of Institutions, Bangalore, Email: divyanikhil0205@ gmail.com ) : Is deteriorating air quality impacting stock performance in India? Air quality index predicts stock performance. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(2), 103 – 13.
This study attempts to examine a systematic relationship between air quality index (AQI) and the performance of stock markets in India. India has ranked among the bottom five countries in environmental performance index (EPI) by World Economic Forum (WEF). Previous studies in this field conducted in other parts of the world indicate a direct relation between environmental performance and market performance; however, the case of India may prove to be different considering the Indian environmental policy, environmental accountability, population, and income and development aspects. We have employed linear regression technique to ascertain the impact of AQI on stock returns. AQI data from 13 stations across India are the dependent variables. These dependent variables are each regressed individually for each stock market index from Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) equity index, Sensex. Therefore, there are 17 models where AQI from the chosen 13 stations has been regressed with each of the industry specific index. A descriptive analysis is also performed to know the yearly averages of the AQI across stations used in the study. Our results confirm that there exists a negative association between AQI and stock returns for top-performing growth stocks. The results also indicate that there is a positive association between AQI and capital intensive industry stocks, while a negative association was observed in the case of labor-intensive industries. The findings indicate that AQI is a predictor for stock returns in India in the short term. Environmental influences on stock market performance are becoming more potent than ever before as the negative externalities of pollution impact the financial performance of corporations.
3 tables, 21 ref
ANANDKUMAR V,KALAIARASAN T R,RATHEESHKUMAR A M
042631 ANANDKUMAR V,KALAIARASAN T R,RATHEESHKUMAR A M (Sri Krishna Coll of Engineering and Technology, Tamil Nadu, Email: anandkumar@ skcet.ac.in ) : Reliability-based heuristic-based algorithm for task execution in multiprocessor systems. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(1), 85 – 90.
This study implements a combination of heuristicbased algorithm and finding variable neighborhoods, thereby reducing make-span and improving reliability. The bi-objective algorithm is proposed for a static planning strategy to achieve high performance in heterogeneous multiprocessor systems. The reliability of a system is based on the probability in which resources of the system execute tasks without any failure. Here, a genetic algorithm integrated using single neighborhood structure Genetic Variable Neighbourhood Search (GVNS) is implemented to improve the efficient search quality. Simulation is performed to maintain better performance parameters when compared with conventional algorithms.
2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref