RAI H, BHARTI A K, KUMAR S
043905 RAI H, BHARTI A K, KUMAR S (Maharishi Univ of Information Technology, Lucknow) : A review of data deduplication and dynamic ownership management in cloud storage. Int J Info Comp Sci 2020, 7(1), 0972-1347.
Now days data distributed storage is a new cloud storage mechanism which is used to store data information through the Internet to the customers; in the interim, the customers needn't know the subtle elements and brought down structures and instruments. The proposed engineering of distributed cloud storage is layered and helpful, and the talked about key innovations include sending, stockpiling virtualization, information association, relocation, security, and so on. The operation system including biology chain, diversion hypothesis, subterranean insect province improvement, information life cycle administration, upkeep and refresh, union and advancement instruments are broke down as well. So a generally and new perspective to distributed storage framework is represented. In passed on limit associations, deduplication advancement is generally used to diminish the space and trade speed necessities of associations by butchering excess information and securing just a solitary duplicate of them. Deduplication is best when distinctive clients outsource similar information to the flowed accumulating; despite it raises issues identifying with security and proprietorship. Affirmation of-possession outlines enable any data owner information to show to the flowed accumulating server that he declares the information successfully. Regardless, different clients are likely going to encode their information beforehand outsourcing them to the dispersed accumulating to save security, yet this hampers deduplication as a result of the randomization property of encryption. Beginning late, several deduplication outlines have been proposed to deal with this issue of bigdata by engaging every data owner to have a encryption key for practically identical information. In any case, most by a wide margin of the plans experience the insidious effects of security surrenders, , since they don't consider the dynamic changes in the commitment seeing information that happen as consistently as possible in a reasonable flowed amassing advantage.
1 illus, 28 ref
JOSEPH S
043904 JOSEPH S (Computer Application Dep, Bharatamata Coll, Thrikkakara) : Augmented reality in education. Int J Info Comp Sci 2020, 7(1), 0972-1347.
In a rapidly changing technological society adopting and applying information at the right time and right place is needed to maintain efficiency in the field of education. Augmented reality is one of the technologies which can be applied in the field of education and acts to enhance the effectiveness and attractiveness of teaching and learning in real life scenarios. This article critically reviews how augmented reality can be applied to education and the potential impacts on the future.
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NISHAD PM , GREESHMA P
043674 NISHAD PM , GREESHMA P (Computer Applications Dep, MACFAST, Thiruvalla, Pathanamthitta, Kerala) : Avifaunal diversity of macfast campus, Thiruvalla, Kerala. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 2020, 2(4), 531-6.
Pathanamthitta District abodes a wide variety of avifauna. Avifaunal diversity of MACFAST campus was studied during December 2017 to May 2019. Avifauna of MACFAST campus was surveyed on foot twice in a week and birds were photo-documented. A total of 130 species belonging to 14 orders and 45 families were recorded from the campus. Of these 14 orders, Passeriformes dominated the list with 51 species followed by Pelicaniformes (19) and Charadriiformes (14). Among the species recorded 62 per cent comprised of resident birds followed by 31 per cent of winter visitors, five per cent of local migrants and two per cent of breeding visitors. Of these, 68 species were terrestrial birds and rest of the 62 species was wetland dependent birds. MACFAST campus accounts for 25 per cent species, 51 per cent families and 64 per cent orders of birds of Kerala. Forty two taxa of birds are newly reported in the present study. Baillon's Crake Zapornia pusilla and Paddyfield Warbler Acrocephalus Agricola were the new addition to the birds of Pathanamthitta District.
3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref
BISWAS A
043503 BISWAS A (Agricultural & Food Engineering Dep, IIT Kharagpur, West Bengal) : Constructed wetlands: A possible solution for municipal wastewater treatment: A review. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 2020, 2(2), 41-8.
Crucial state of total available fresh water resources makes non-traditional water resources useful to meet incomparable global water demand. In this case, treated municipal waste water can serve as a valuable resource to reduce the demand of fresh water in number of countries. Over the years, several technologies, e.g., constructed wetlands, waste stabilisation pond, vermi-filtration, membrane bioreactor, up-flow anaerobic sludge blanket reactor have been developed to treat different types of waste water. The present study focussed on the performance of constructed wetland (CW) for removal of different physical, chemical and biological contaminants to make the wastewater suitable for irrigation purpose. The investigation revealed that both surface and sub-surface flow wetlands were used for municipal wastewaters. Within sub-surface flow, both vertical and horizontal flow systems were designed. In addition, the applications of hybrid CWs for municipal wastewaters were also documented in this review article. The worldwide application of CWs suggested that CWs alone performed better for removal of physical (turbidity, total suspended solids) and some chemical impurities than biological impurities from municipal wastewater.
6 illus, 3 tables, 48 ref
DASH L
043496 DASH L (Centurion Univ of Technology and Management, Paralakhemundi, Odisha) : Effect of climate change on insect behaviour. Int J Ecol Environ Sci 2020, 2(1), 26-9.
Global warming is a great concern throughout the world. The ill effects of global warming like change in climate, temperature, rainfall, humidity, level of carbon di-oxide has been found to have both positive and negative effects on insects, which in turn reduces the effectiveness of crop protection measures. This creates the need for global warming to be taken as an important criterion in Entomology. Being poikilothermic in nature insects are greatly affected by changing temperature. Insect will experience additional life cycles with rapid growth rate. As a result of changes in the population dynamics including distribution and migration the reliability on current insect pest ETL will be reduced. Increased insect pests outbreak will affect agricultural production. Research on basic biology of insect, population dynamics and behavior patterns should be focused to ascertain the effect of global warming on insect behavior.
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OKPARA O G , OGBEIDE O M, EZEH E C , CHUKWUEKEH J I , NWANKWO O D, IGWILO C N
043338 OKPARA O G , OGBEIDE O M, EZEH E C , CHUKWUEKEH J I , NWANKWO O D, IGWILO C N (Science Laboratory Technology Dep, Federal Coll of Agriculture, Ishiagu, Ebonyi State, Nigeria) : Kinetic and thermodynamic studies on adsorption of lead (ii) ions from aqueous solutions using polymer-modified coconut shell activated carbon (MCSAC). Int J Chem Sci 2020, 4(1), 01-8.
Adsorption of lead (II) ions from aqueous solutions on low cost adsorbent prepared from coconut shell modified with polysiloxane was studied experimentally. The adsorption kinetics and thermodynamics were also investigated in batch experiments considering the time and temperature range of 5-20 minutes and 20-80 oC respectively. The removal efficiency (99.9 %) of lead (II) ions was obtained at pH 8.0 and 20 minutes contact time. Pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and Intraparticle diffusion were employed to describe the rate of adsorption process, and the potential rate-controlling step on the adsorbent surface. This indicated that the pseudo-second order fits the data better. Thermodynamic parameters such as Gibb’s free energy (∆Go ), Enthalpy (∆Ho ), Entropy (∆So ) and Activation energy (Ea) for the adsorption process were evaluated as -22.462 kJmol-1 , -25.142 kJmol-1 , -8.131 kJmol-1K-1 and -57.341 kJmol-1 respectively. These values show that the adsorption of lead (II) ions on MCSAC was exothermic and spontaneous in nature.
5 illus, 4 tables, 57 ref
REDDY K A N, KUNCHITHAPATHAM J, DANG R, RAMNARAYANAN C
041496 REDDY K A N, KUNCHITHAPATHAM J, DANG R, RAMNARAYANAN C (Pharmaceutics Dep, Krupanidhi Coll of Pharmac, Bengaluru - 560 035, Karnataka, Email: kavithareddykcp@gmail.com) : Design and development of darunavir loaded self micro emulsifying drug delivery system using extreme vertices mixture design in a quality by design framework. Indian J Pharm Edu Res 2020, 54(2), 337-48.
The therapeutic utility of many poorly water-soluble drugs are severely restricted for their bioavailability. The present study was aimed to development of self-micro emulsifying drug delivery (SMEDDS) system for a poorly water soluble anti-retroviral drug - Darunavir by the application of Quality by Design (QbD) to increase its bioavailability. Extreme Vertices Mixture Design (EVMD), based on its utility and the applicability to the formulation problem in hand was selected for the study. The different responses selected for this design were drug release in 15 min (%), drug loading (mg/ml), emulsification time (seconds) and droplet size (nm). The factors or the independent variables considered in the design are oil, surfactant and cosurfactant. Ten different formulations were prepared and evaluated to check the model fit. The optimization and model verification were done by conducting experimental runs. The studies revealed that application of EVMD and development of the formulation in a QbD framework resulted in a robust and sustainable method for improving the bioavailability of the drug as evidenced by the characterization studies of optimized batch In vitro drug release in 15 min (92.43 %), drug loading (98.95 mg/ml), emulsification time (31.5 sec) and droplet size (222.2 nm). The Transmission electron micrographs (TEM) obtained for optimized formulation showed a uniform spherical morphology. The development of hard to achieve formulation techniques like SMEDDS involving BCS class 2 and 4 drugs can be sustainably achieved with minimal time and resources, matching regulatory requirements can be attained by the application of EVMD, under QbD framework.
17 illus, 10 tables, 29 ref
KUMAR R, SINHA A
045036 KUMAR R, SINHA A (Computer Science and IT Dep, Amity Univ, Jharkhand- 834 001, Email: anuragsinha257@gmail.com) : A novel approach of dynamic cryptography using random virtual 2D data tokens. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(11), 72-87.
In today's world, data security is the main concern for anyone. Information security is the most extreme basic issue in guaranteeing safe transmission of data through the web. Data security ensures that our data is only accessible by the intended receiver and prevents any modification or alteration of data. In order to achieve this level of security, various cryptography algorithms and methods have been developed. This paper proposes a new Dynamic Cryptography technique through which Security can be enhanced as it increases the complexity of solving the cipher text when handled by intruders.
8 illus, 23 ref
SHIRALASHETTI S C, HOOGAR B S
045034 SHIRALASHETTI S C, HOOGAR B S (Mathematics Dep, Karnatak Univ, Dharwad- 580 003, Karnataka) : Legendre multiwavelet method for the solution of linear fractional time delay systems. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(9), 52-60.
This research article provides the numerical technique for the solution of fractional time delay systems using Legendre multiwavelet method. The fundamental properties of Legendre multiwavelets along with collocation method are converting the problem of delay system into system of algebraic equations which can be solved with a suitable tool. The Lyapunov stability theorem is added for the fractional system with delay. Numerical examples are included to prove the straightforwardness, efficiency and wide range applicability of the present technique.
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MAURYA A K, SINGH A, TRIPATHI U N, PANDEY S, SINGH D
045033 MAURYA A K, SINGH A, TRIPATHI U N, PANDEY S, SINGH D (Computer Science Dep, DDU Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, Email: 70arvind07@gmail.com) : Security in distributed database system: a survey. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(7), 43-51.
For the recent past, distributed databases have become an important area of information processing and now we can see that their importance is growing rapidly. In present scenario, distributed database management is a progressive approach for accomplish the data management requirements of various wide-spread organizations because it allows the database system to act conceptually as a centralized system, while physically mirroring the geographic distribution of organizations. It extends Information Technology’s (IT) existing capabilities. Although as more and more data on individuals and companies are placed in a distributed database system, interests are established to grow about just how safe a technique it is. In this paper, we examine existing security mechanisms and their inadequacies. We also report on our experience using several security engines in a distributed database system. And, this paper also discusses an overview of various technical drop holes and problems that must be overcome in developing general purpose distributed database systems, and surveys several current research & development efforts ended at overcoming these problems.
9 ref
SALUJA A S
045032 SALUJA A S (Institute for Excellence in Higher Education, Madhya Pradesh, Email: drassaluja@gmail.com) : Some fixed point theorems in menger space satisfying an implicit relation. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(6), 34-42.
In this paper, we prove some common fixed point theorems for weakly compatible mappings and employing common property (E.A) using integral type inequality in Menger space satisfying an implicit relation. Our results improve and generalize several known fixed point theorems existing in the Menger as well as metric spaces.
8 ref
YENOKE K, XAVIER D F, MARYSON T
045031 YENOKE K, XAVIER D F, MARYSON T (Mathematics Dep, Loyola Coll, Chennai- 600 034, Email: jecinthokins@rediffmail.com) : L(2,1)-labeling of oxide and silicate networks. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(6), 27-33.
An L(2,1)-labeling of a graph G is a function from the vertex set V(G) to the set of all non-negative integers such that ||f(u) - f(v)I denotes the distance between u and v in G. The L(2,1)-labeling number of G, denoted by ????2,1 (????), is the smallest number k such that there is an L(2,1)-labeling with maximum label k. In this paper, we have determined the bounds for L(2,1)- labeling number of Oxide and Silicate networks.
3 illus, 13 ref
VIJAYALEKSHMI A, SHEEBA J V A
045030 VIJAYALEKSHMI A, SHEEBA J V A (S.T. Hindu Coll, Nagercoil- 629 002, Tamil Nadu, Email: vijimath.a@gmail.com.) : C++ programme for total dominator chromatic number of paths by using elementary transformations. J Comp & Math Sci 2020, 11(5), 18-26.
A total dominator coloring of a graph G=(V,E) without isolated vertices is a proper coloring together with each vertex in G properly dominates a color class. The total dominator chromatic number of G is a minimum number of color classes with additional condition that each vertex in G properly dominates a color class and is denoted by χ td(G). In this paper, we find the total dominator chromatic number of paths by using elementary transformations through C++ programme.
7 ref
KHURANA S, PARASHER P, MUKHERJEE P, MUPPARAPU M, LOTLIKAR P P, CREANGA A G
041230 KHURANA S, PARASHER P, MUKHERJEE P, MUPPARAPU M, LOTLIKAR P P, CREANGA A G (Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Dep, Pennsylvania School of Dental Medicine Univ, NJ 07101?1709, USA, Email: Priti0022@gmail.com) : Cone beam computed tomographic–based retrospective study on newark population for the assessment of distance between incisive canal and maxillary central incisors: Clinical implications. Indian J Dent Res 2020, 31(2), 175-9.
To calculate the relative distance between the incisive canal and maxillary central incisors using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) and utilize the results in treatment planning in a clinical setting. A retrospective study was conducted on CBCT taken for other purposes in the Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology Department. All the quantitative measurements were performed between the incisive canal and both maxillary central incisors using CBCT on 61 subjects. The anterior‑posterior measurements were taken on both sides and the average of both values was considered for the statistical analysis. All the linear measurements were performed on the axial plane at three different vertical reference points located on the sagittal plane. The interexaminer reliability was tested by interclass correlation coefficient using two‑way mixed and absolute agreement model. The comparison of linear measurement among each level was done by “Repeated measure ANOVA” and contrast method was used for pair‑wise comparison when repeated measure analysis of variance (ANOVA) was significant. The average anterior‑posterior distance between the maxillary central incisor roots and the incisive canal measured was approximately 5–6 mm. The incisive canal width increases from the root apex level of maxillary central incisors (P3) to the oral opening level of the incisive canal (P1). The results of our study could be helpful in a clinical setting requires significant retraction of maxillary incisors or implant placement in maxillary anterior region.
4 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref
SHIVASHANKAR SC , UMA TG
043068 SHIVASHANKAR SC , UMA TG (Government First Grade Coll, Malleshwaram, Bangalore, Karnataka) : Co: operative bank lending: An agricultural perspective. Int J Multidiscip Res Dev 2020, 7(3), 13-7.
India is an agrarian economy finds the funding mechanism of the cooperative banks as a crucial reaching the rural India. The cheapest and the best source of rural credit in India is definitely the co-operative finance. The cooperative banks catered to the needs of agricultural sector through their huge network of credit societies in the institutional credit structure. In India the active primary agricultural credit societies (PACS) cover nearly 86 per cent of the Indian villages and account for nearly 36 per cent of the total rural population of the country. Though co-operative land development banks have partially met this need, their impact on the farm economy has been far below expectations.
6 ref
KUNDAPUR R, NARASIMHA H H, BAISIL S, BADIGER S
041169 KUNDAPUR R, NARASIMHA H H, BAISIL S, BADIGER S (Community Medicine Dep, Nitte (Deemed to be Univ), Deralakatte, Mangalore, Email: harshi.hn@gmail.com) : Assessment of smartphone addiction among adolescents in a university. Indian J Comm Health 2020, 32(1), 161-3Adolescent, Smartphone, Cross-sectional studies, Computers, Handheld, Cell phone, Surveys and q.
A smartphone is a combination of cellphone and handheld computers that created the greatest tech revolution since the Internet. The official name for smartphone addiction is Nomophobia which is defined as having a fear of not being with your phone. To assess the smartphone addiction among adolescents and its association with socio demographic factors. A cross sectional study among adolescents in a university in Mangalore among students <19yrs of age. Sample size was estimated using the prevalence formula, taking prevalence as 50 % and allowable error of 5 %. A validated, self-administered questionnaire was used for assessment. Proportion for addiction and Chi Square analysis was done. A total of 426 students were enrolled for the study. The prevalence of smartphone addiction was 57 % in the study population, females had higher addiction scores than males. There was significant association of family annual income, monthly pocket money and occupation of the father with smartphone addiction. The prevalence of smartphone addiction among adolescents is high. The results of our study showed that smartphone addiction is more prevalent in the families with higher economic status.
4 tables, 12 ref
TAYYIB N A , RAMAIAH P, ALSHMEMRI M S , ALSOLAMI F J , LINDSAY G M , ALSULAMI S A , ASFOUR H
042867 TAYYIB N A , RAMAIAH P, ALSHMEMRI M S , ALSOLAMI F J , LINDSAY G M , ALSULAMI S A , ASFOUR H (Umm Al-Qura Univ, Makkah, Saudi Arabia, Email: prponaiah@uqu.edu.sa) : Faculty members' readiness implementing e-learning in higher education Saudi Universities: A cross-sectional study. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2558–64.
This article reports on an e-learning readiness study that was carried out to determine the institutional, individual, and communication factors of the two major stakeholder groups (teachers and institutions) in the higher education universities in Saudi Arabia. A sample of 139 faculty members working in ten higher education universities in Saudi Arabia was surveyed in this cross-sectional study. A pre-validated survey questionnaire of e-learning was adopted to collect data from the participants' between April and May 2019. The pre-validated survey tool of Teachers' Readiness for Online Learning Measure (TROLM) of an 18 item scale has been explored in four factors: Communication self-efficacy, institutional support, self-directed learning, and learning-transfer self-efficacy. The findings of this study are instrumental in implementing successful e-learning resources (strategies) in Higher Education Institutions and will also benefit e-learning initiatives in similar institutions in other regions of Saudi Arabia and beyond. The Study demonstrated the supportive e-learning strategies Blackboard system that facilitated faculty members' readiness to teach university students during the sudden transition from traditional methods to the e-learning platforms.
3 tables, 23 ref
CHANDIO A A, LEGHARI M, PANHWAR A O , NIZAMANI S Z , LEGHARI M
042865 CHANDIO A A, LEGHARI M, PANHWAR A O , NIZAMANI S Z , LEGHARI M (Information Technology Dep, Quaid-e-Awam Univ of Engineering, Nawabshah, Pakistan, Email: a.chandio@student.adfa.edu.au) : Deep learning-based isolated handwritten Sindhi character recognition. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2565–74.
The problem of handwritten text recognition is vastly studied since last few decades. Many innovative ideas have been developed, where state-of-the-art accuracy is achieved for the English, Chinese or Indian scripts. The recent developments for the cursive scripts such as Arabic and Urdu handwritten text recognition have achieved remarkable accuracy. However, for the Sindhi script, existing systems have not shown significant results and the problem is still an open challenge. Several challenges such as variations in writing styles, joined text, ligature overlapping, and others associated to the handwritten Sindhi text make the problem more complex. In this study, a deep residual network with shortcut connections and summation fusion method using convolutional neural network (CNN) is proposed for automatic feature extraction and classification of handwritten Sindhi characters. To increase the powerful feature representation ability of the network, the features of the convolutional layers in the residual block are fused together and combined with the output of the previous residual block. The proposed network is trained on a custom developed handwritten Sindhi character dataset. To tackle the problem of small data, a data augmentation with rotation, flipping and image enhancement techniques have been used. The experimental results show that the proposed model outperforms than the best results previously published for the handwritten Sindhi character recognition. This is the first research that proposes deep residual network with summation fusion for the Sindhi handwritten text recognition.
6 illus, 3 tables, 21 ref
USHA S M, MAHESH H B
042863 USHA S M, MAHESH H B (JSS Academy of Technical Education, Bengaluru - 560 060, Karnataka, Email: ushasm@jssateb.ac.in) : Minimization of power and area of digital modulator for cellular communication using cadence in 180nm, 90nm and 45nm CMOS technology. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2537–46.
Low power modulators are most efficient for wireless communication. Quadrature Amplitude Modulation (QAM) is used widely for high data rate communication than BPSK and QPSK, since it carries more bits of information per symbol over the channel. The objective of this work is to minimize the power consumption and area utilization of 32-bit QAM modulator. In this work, three new procedures are introduced for 32QAM modulator. In the first approach, sine and cosine data generated using conventional technique are stored in ROM and the stored data is selected based on the input sequence to generate the output signal. This approach reduces the power consumption and area utilization. In the second approach, information bit stream is modulated with sine and cosine waves generated by iterative algorithm to minimize power and area requirement. In the third approach, booth multiplication algorithm is employed to generate QAM signal. This method of generating QAM signal consumes less power and area in comparison with the conventional modulator. The work is synthesized, analyzed, and compared in 180nm, 90nm and 45nm CMOS technology using Cadence software. In 180nm CMOS technology power consumption noticed is 60662.740nW, 617020.071nW and 133679.687nW with the proposed method1, method2 and method3 respectively. An Area utilized in 180nm CMOS technology is 1341µm2, 20746.757µm2, and 2754µm2 respectively in proposed 32QAM modulator with ROM, 32QAM modulator with proposed Iterative algorithm and 32QAM modulator with Booth multiplication algorithm. The conventional 32QAM devours additional power and area. In this work area and power reduction is achieved with respect to the conventional method. The same work is carried out with 90nm and 45nm CMOS technology. Three novel approaches to 32QAM are proposed. The proposed work is synthesized, analyzed, tabulated and compared with conventional method and shown that power consumption and area utilization are minimum than compared to the conventional method.
9 illus, 5 tables, 14 ref
VIRMANI C, KAUSHIK N , MOHAK , MATHUR V , SAXENA S
042862 VIRMANI C, KAUSHIK N , MOHAK , MATHUR V , SAXENA S (Manav Rachna International Institute of Research and Studies, Faridabad - 121 004, Haryana, Email: charu.fet@mriu.edu.in) : Analysis of cyber attacks and security intelligence: Identity theft. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2529–36.
To analyse the cybersecurity risks and their impact on the organizations. Researcher attempts to list down the issues and mitigation of Identity theft as a risk. This study develops a theoretical framework for future researchers and organizations for awareness and impact of Identity theft in area of cybercrime. The study has dogged various mechanisms by which watermarking can be applied to overcome to prevent identity theft attack. Researcher has emphasized the need for security solution and listed the steps to achieve security. An integrated view of identity theft and watermarking is formulated and proposed. The right balance between the application and techniques of watermarking opted will protect the user against the various types of identity theft attacks. Identity Theft has gained momentum in online space. The study highlighted various issues, consequences and economy of identity theft attacks with securing networks for unauthorized access. Watermarking plays an important role in authentication and authorization of data and proved a viable solution to mitigate identity theft attack.
4 illus, 17 ref
KHASAWNEH M A S
042861 KHASAWNEH M A S (Special Education Dep, King Khalid Univ, Saudi Arabia, Email: mkhasawneh@kku.edu.sa) : The leadership roles of Saudi special education teachers from their own perspectives. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2520–8.
To examine the leadership roles of Saudi special education teachers from their own perspective and to survey their views toward challenges in leadership. The study used the survey method, for which a questionnaire was developed and distributed to a sample of (n = 200). The results indicated that special education teachers had little experience in leadership roles, where they considered participation in conflict resolution among colleagues as their most important leadership role participation in mentoring, follow-up or training is the least important. The results of the study revealed that there were no statistically significant differences between male and female special education teachers in their level of enacted leadership. The level of education and years of experience were found to have a significant impact on the leadership level of teachers. The inclusion of students with special needs in regular schools require teachers with leadership skills. Therefore, this study came as the first study to tackle this topic in Saudi Arabia.
7 tables, 31 ref
BHAGAWATI P
042859 BHAGAWATI P (Cotton Univ, Guwahati - 781 001, Assam, Email: parismita.march1995@gmail.com) : Awareness and attitude towards reproductive and sexual health rights and practices among college students: An empirical study. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(25), 2502–8.
To assess the knowledge, awareness and attitudes among college going students towards reproductive and sexual health rights, issues and practices. A cross-sectional study was conducted across colleges of Guwahati city among the first year students over the months of January and February 2020. The method of systematic random sampling was used. Sample size amounted to 306 students. Age group of the sample ranged between 18-19 years. The basic inclusion criteria was that the target population needs to be first year students enrolled in either science or arts stream. Self-administered questionnaires were the primary method of data collection. Analysis of data was done using Microsoft excel and open EPI software. Chi square test of independence was performed to test linkages between crucial variables. A total of 306 students were enrolled for the study. With respect to knowledge about legal statutes relating to reproductive rights issues like abortion, duration of maternity leave, 52 % of the respondents had correct knowledge and information. 49 % of the students were aware about the legality of homosexuality in India. Knowledge questions on sexual health and menstrual hygiene generated correct responses from 44 % of students. 87 % of the students favoured inclusion of sex education in at the institutional levels and free supply of implements for maintenance of menstrual hygiene at schools and colleges. The findings of this study can supplement and assist further health policy research in the field of adolescent sexual health rights and needs especially, in the Northeastern Indian region.
4 tables, 18 ref
HABIB M B, HAQ M Z U , TUFAIL W , NAZEER M T , DIN B M U , MAFOOZ M
042857 HABIB M B, HAQ M Z U , TUFAIL W , NAZEER M T , DIN B M U , MAFOOZ M (Malaya Univ, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia, Email: badar.habib@iub.edu.pk) : Validating of the Urdu version of international physical activity questionnaire (IPAQ-U) among Pakistani population. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2484–90.
Physical inactivity is a primary risk factor for global mortality and a large percentage of population are sedentary. The International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ) is a self-reported mechanism for measuring physical activity and inactivity. The purpose of this cross-sectional study was to measure the reliability and validity of the short IPAQ-U among Pakistani adults. The study sample includes Pakistani male and female adults aged between 18 and 65 Years (M + SD 31.71 + 10.30), who were regular participating for the last six months in various physical activity and exercise. The total 386 participants were asked to complete the Urdu version of IPAQ short (male 60.6 %, n = 234, and female 39.4 %, n= 152). The value of Spearman's coefficients correlation for Vigorous-intensity was showed good value of test-retest reliability and significantly correlated (male = 0.72), (female = 0.80), and (total sample = 0.73). While, moderate intensity was also significantly correlated (male = 0.69), (female = 0.76), and (total sample = 0.71). Walking significantly correlated (male = 0.56), (female = 0.82 (total sample = 0.59). Physical activity overall was significantly correlated (male = 0.74), (female = 0.42), (age 18-34 Years = 0.86), (age 35-50 Years = 0.78), (age 51-65 Years = 0.85) and (total sample = 0.90).In this population, the short IPAQ-U established acceptable instrument, the reliability and validity of the IPAQ-U was significant. While there were some limitations of the study regarding test-retest reliability and in classification, the IPAQ-U was a suitable tool for measuring level of physical activity.
4 tables, 49 ref
PRASAD K N , JOIS S N
042854 PRASAD K N , JOIS S N (World Pranic Healing Foundation India – Research Center, Mysuru, Karnataka, Email: research@pranichealing.co.in) : Effect of Pranic agriculture on vegetative growth characteristics of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2446–51.
The present study was aimed to understand the application of pranic agriculture (PA) on the vegetative growth of Spinach. Methods: Spinach seeds were divided into non-pranic and pranic and sown in agricultural plots and growth parameters were recorded on 14, 26, 32, and 40 days respectively. The data were analyzed using Independent t-test at the 5 % (p<.05) level of significance. Shoot length and the number of leaves of Pranic treated Spinach were found to be significantly (p<.001) higher when compared with non-pranic samples. Also, stem diameter, root length, and leaf lengths were all higher in pranic treated Spinach. Pranic agriculture has the potential to enhance Spinach growth and thus could help farmers to overcome the agrarian crisis.
1 illus, 5 tables, 26 ref
SAEED M U, BILAL M Z , RAZA M R
042853 SAEED M U, BILAL M Z , RAZA M R (Central Punjab Univ, Lahore, Pakistan, Email: usman841@yahoo.com) : Political speeches and media agenda: electoral rigging movement — 2013 as a building factor of media agenda in Pakistan. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2436–45.
To explore the relationship of Pakistani Political Leader Imran Khan Speeches and newspapers agenda examining the coverage of electoral rigging issue which gained the momentum of a movement in Pakistan during post elections 2013 against the then siting government of Pakistan Muslim League Nawaz's (PML-N). The study takes its roots from the network agenda setting model. It aims to study the model in the context of agenda building in Pakistan. Social Network Analysis technique was used to analyze the data collected from two sources including: Live speeches of movement leader, Imran Khan and coverage of three leading Urdu dailies of Pakistan; Express, Dunya and Jang to explore the relationship among these agenda setting networks. Firstly, we performed content analysis of 128 speeches of Imran Khan, 964 news stories and 239 editorials of sample newspapers. Secondly, we turned data into matrices and applied network analysis techniques with the help of UCINet and NetDraw software. QAP Correlation indicates strong association among, Imran Khan Speeches and newspapers agenda. However, these associations are different for two issues; Electoral rigging, and PML-N rigging. Imran Khan influenced the media agenda more for shaping the image of elections-2013 as unfair and rigged. On the other hand, his speeches were found less influential in shaping media agenda about the involvement of PML-N in electoral rigging. In this way, study reveals that third level agenda building effects depend upon the political nature of issues.
6 illus, 1 table, 49 ref
MUNIR S, JAMI S I
042852 MUNIR S, JAMI S I (Computer Science Dep, Muhammad Ali Jinnah Univ, Karachi, Pakistan, Email: sirajmunir93@gmail.com) : Current trends in cloud computing. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2418–35.
This work reviewed the latest, state-of-the-art works in the area of Cloud Computing to help researchers, developers and stakeholders in decisionmaking. The reviewed works are filtered after the rigorous process by using renowned indexing database of ACM and IEEE along with the subject based journals on Cloud Computing of international repute. These papers are further filtered by selecting papers published in last 4 years only. Our initial findings lead our reviews to five major areas of Cloud Computing including Load balancing, resource scheduling, resource allocation, resource sharing, and job scheduling. In this work we have limited ourselves to only technical aspects of cloud computing while excluding areas of security, privacy and economics (for example CapEx). We have presented our findings in the form of tables and graphs showing trends in Cloud Computing towards research community on the basis of five aspects as mentioned above. Our findings show that researchers are working in the area of Job Scheduling while low attention has been given in Resource Scheduling. Moreover, an open source robust framework for research community is needed covering all the aspects shown above for running experiments. Currently these features are available in commercial and proprietary frameworks including Amazon Web Service, Microsoft Azure, and Google Cloud Platform.
9 illus, 3 tables, 62 ref
TRIBHUVANAM S, NAGARAJ H C , NAIDUV P S
042851 TRIBHUVANAM S, NAGARAJ H C , NAIDUV P S (Electronics Dep, Mysore Univ, Mysore - 570 005, Email: stribhuvanam@yahoo.co.in) : Analysis and classification of ECG beat based on wavelet decomposition and SVM. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2404–17.
To extract the features of single arrhythmia ECG beat. To develop efficient algorithms for automated detection of arrhythmia based on ECG. The methodology includes pre-processing and segmentation of ECG. Extraction of ECG features are to support the ECG beat classification and analysis of cardiac abnormalities using machine learning techniques. Wavelet decomposition is considered for feature extraction and classification with multiclass support vector machine. This work evaluates the suitability of the wavelet features of ECG for classifier. The proposed arrhythmia classifier results in an accuracy up to 98 % for various classes of arrhythmia considered in this work. This work is an assistive tool for medical practitioners to examine ECG in a limited time with their expertise to make the accurate abnormality diagnosis of the arrhythmia.
13 illus, 10 tables, 19 ref
NAGHSHBAND S, ARAGHI M A F
042850 NAGHSHBAND S, ARAGHI M A F (Mathematics Dep, Islamic Azad Univ, Tehran, Iran, Email: s_naghshband@yahoo.com) : Solving the cubic complex ginzburg-laundau equation by homotopy analysis method. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(24), 2387–403.
This paper obtains the series solution of the cubic complex Ginzburg-Laundau equation, by means of homotopy analysis method(HAM). In addition to the homotopy analysis method, homotopy perturbation and Adomian decomposition methods are applied to determine approximation solution of the cubic complex Ginzburg-Laundau equation and advantage of using HAM. Also a theorem is proved to guarantee the convergence of the HAM to solve this equation. Three examples are solved to illustrate the efficiency of the proposed method, this method is compared with other analytical approximate methods such as homotopy perturbation method (HPM)and Adomiam decomposition method(ADM) and it can be seen that these methods have the same results for this equation. Homotopy analysis method as a reliable and valid scheme can be used to work out the cubic complex Ginzburg-Laundau equation which is nonlinear partial differential equation.
5 illus, 5 tables, 29 ref
ZAKA A, AKHTER A S , JABEEN R
042849 ZAKA A, AKHTER A S , JABEEN R (Government Coll of Science, Lahore, Pakistan, Email: azamzka@gmail.com) : Beta Lehmann-2 power function distribution with application to bladder cancer susceptibility and failure times of air-conditioned system. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(23), 2371–86.
Probability distributions have great use in reliability engineering where the researchers try to find the distribution of the different processes. To meet the needs of the reliability engineers, we have proposed a simple probability distribution named as Beta Lehman-2 which may be proved more useful as compared to already existing models of the probability distributions. The aim of the study is to show the performance of the proposed distribution over already existing distributions. In this study, a new Beta Lehmann-2 Power function distribution (BL2PFD) is proposed. We suggest a new generator that will modify the Power function distribution called Beta Lehmann-2 generator (BL2-G). The various properties of the new distribution have been discussed in detail such as moments, vitality function, conditional moments and order statistics etc. We have also characterized the BL2PFD based on conditional variance. This distribution can be used for approximately symmetric data (normal data), positive and negative skewed data. The application of this distribution is illustrated by using data sets from medical and engineering sources. The shape of the new distribution has been studied for applied sciences. After analyzing data, we conclude that the proposed model BL2PFD perform better in all the data sets while compared to different competitor models.
6 illus, 5 tables, 31 ref
MAMDOUH R, EL-BAKRY H M , RIAD A , EL-KHAMISY N
042848 MAMDOUH R, EL-BAKRY H M , RIAD A , EL-KHAMISY N (Information Systems Dep, Mansoura Univ, Egypt, Email: rafeekmty@hotmail.com) : Using azure to construct recent architecture for visualize training in real-time. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(23), 2355–70.
In recent years, visualization systems were not only entertainment but also essential in training in our various fields. They do not depend on fixed devices only. They use visual systems, such as the headmounted display that Microsoft developed as the Mixed Reality (MR) HoloLens. Its features are equipped with engines that allow the user to interact with the headset via oral orders to communicate remotely with specialists in the surgical field in real-life situations. The main objective of the study is to use the 3D anatomical information models, the Digital Imaging and Communications in Medicine (DICOM) file and all the patient's data, its registration on Azure cloud computing system, to obtain the necessary training and support in case of encountering any emergency before and during the surgical planning. This study presents the application as divided into two stages of anatomical simulation: training for local and international trainees through MR. The first stage classified (DICOM) files to the 3D model using the machine learning and HoloLens emulator of anatomy operational structure. The second stage involves Microsoft Azure and stores on cloud network by Data Lake, Azure Cosmo DB, and utilization of the Azure Spatial Anchors service to access the trainee to locate it at any time through the ID that is displayed by the IoT Sensor. This study examines Mixed Reality technology, HoloLens, and Head Mount Display to show the expected potential results to improve the surgeon's actions in surgery. This examination finished by 3D displaying anatomical models because they allow the surgeon to access the best solutions in real-life situations during the process to assess the three-dimensional holograms related to patient imaging or surgical techniques.
11 illus, 4 tables, 29 ref
VENKATESWARAN T V
046345 VENKATESWARAN T V (Vigyan Prasar, New Delhi- 110 016, Email: tvv123@gmail.com) : Tale of two videos: frame and narrative structure analysis of two covid-19 communication social media messages. J Scient Temp 2020, Vol 8(1&2), 18-37.
Coronavirus prevention efforts both protect the people who engage in them and promote the welfare of society. However, often not facts and information, but emotions drive the risk perceptions. Emotions influence our reasoning and impact on our behaviours. To tide over the COVID 19 epidemic, all people must abide by certain practices, ranging from easy to observe, but annoying, hand washing to more socially disruptive physical distancing. Lockdowns, curfews and other political and administrative measures make additional demands. Using frame and narrative structure analysis, in this paper, we examine two videos, prepared by the Kerala and Tamil Nadu police personnel for social media dissemination. Using the frame analysis methodology and narrative structure analysis, we explore the frames, stereotypes, metaphors, actors, and messages encoded in the selected two videos and draw inferences on the influence it can have on the audiences.
4 tables, 27 ref
UMAR M , GILL S H, SHAIKH R A , RIZWAN M
042843 UMAR M , GILL S H, SHAIKH R A , RIZWAN M (Computer Science Dep, Shah Abdul Latif Univ, Khairpur, 66020, Sindh, Pakistan, Email: sajidgill418@gmail.com) : Cloud-based energy efficient smart street lighting system. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(23), 2311–8.
Pakistan is experiencing significant energy crises for the last two decades. The increasing power demand cannot be controlled with traditional energy techniques. The conventional street lighting system remains ON all over the night. Consequently, a huge amount of energy is wasted. To overcome the shortage of energy, an efficient smart lighting system is proposed. The prime thought to accomplish is ``Energy on-demand'' i.e. handed-in wherever, whenever required. To achieve this goal, the cloudbased smart street lighting system provides a feasible solution. The proposed system uses an Arduino and its various shields based on a movement-based actuation system like Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR), automate the street lighting system. This design is executed and implemented on a one-way road and its results are carried out at three different scenario cases. The analysis is done by a decision-making module that obtains results from the sensor (LiDAR). The availability of low cost advanced devices like LiDAR, Arduino, cloud storage, and the accessibility of wired and wireless connection, smart street lighting system becomes a reality. The proposed system is beneficial to overcome the CO2 emission. Further, it will also be helpful to avoid the unnecessary consumption of streetlight as well as to reduce power utilization and save energy up to 99 %. This proposed framework has an immense potential to revolutionize street lighting and to achieve the demand for a smart street lighting system that is easy to maintain, durable, and reliable.
4 illus, 1 table, 22 ref
ZHANG C , LIU J, CHHACHHAR A R
042842 ZHANG C , LIU J, CHHACHHAR A R (Yunnan Normal Univ, China, Email: liujianthu@qq.com) : A comparative study of the global internet governance system between China and the United States. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(23), 2303–10.
To study on the Internet governance and effect factors of the order of cyberspace, "multi-stakeholder" governance concept and legal rules in global Internet governance. Based on the literature of Internet governance theory and open source data, this study makes a critical analysis of global governance strategies in the United States and China. Since the definition of Internet governance was explicitly determined during the World Summit on the Information Society (WSIS) in 2004, the United States have proposed the "multi-stakeholder" governance concept, whereas the global Internet governance system advocated by China believes that the mode of "multilateral and democratic intergovernmental cooperation" should be promoted under the leadership of the United Nations. The paper puts forward for the first time the three most important focal points of China and the United States in the global Internet governance system, including of formulation of legal rules, the allocation of key resources, and the management of multinational institutions. This study found that the global Internet governance should carry out the transformation from IPv4 to IPv6, DNS management and other work, to prevent the root server only in the hands of individual countries. International organizations should promote the internationalization of the Internet corporation for assigned names and Numbers (ICANN) and the Internet corporation for assigned Numbers (IANA), avoid completely excluding government agencies, and strive to promote the common cooperation of multiple global stakeholders.
1 illus, 8 ref
SHRIVASTAVA V K, HORE U , KALA J
042841 SHRIVASTAVA V K, HORE U , KALA J (Amity School of Natural Resources & Sustainable Development Amity Univ, Noida - 201 303, Email: vkshrivastava@hotmail.com) : An investigation on ecotourism potential and possibility of community integration in its development in Orchha, Central India. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(23), 2294–302.
The present investigation was undertaken with an aim to study the floral and faunal diversity of the Orchha Wildlife Sanctuary (OWS) and to study whether ecotourism can be utilized for community development in the study area. Floristic and faunal diversity was studied through surveys followed by sample collection and their identification and visual sighting. Community was studied for understanding their socio-economics, livelihoods and attitude and perception of ecotourism. Similarly, data were collected from the tourists (domestic and foreign) about tourists' profile, demands, their attitude and perception about ecotourism activities and their level of satisfaction. Two hundred twenty rural households, hundred domestic visitors and fifty foreign tourists were surveyed in Orchha and OWS using convenience sampling technique. Primary data (both qualitative and quantitative) were collected mainly by using semi structured questionnaires and group discussions. Quantitative data was analyzed using descriptive and frequency statistics while qualitative data was analyzed using content analysis and framework analysis models. Forty two genera of angiosperms comprising 23 families were observed in the sanctuary. A total of 15 fish, 6 amphibians, 13 reptile, 98 bird, and 19 mammal species are reported. It was found that the birds were the most dominant vertebrates. Four species of turtle and rare species of vulture including king vulture were present in the OWS. OWS has got lot of potential for community based ecotourism development. Integration of community requires skill development and capacity building by training the youths of the village with tourism business skills. These youths can form village level institution to run the ecotourism business for capacity building of rural community, infrastructure development and benefit sharing. This institution would also participate in the conservation of natural resources and biodiversity. This is a first such extensive study of the floral and faunal diversity of OWS. Further, this is the first attempt to study the possible integration of ecotourism activities with community development activities of the area.
5 tables, 32 ref
ALKHAWALDEH M A, KHASAWNEH M A S
042839 ALKHAWALDEH M A, KHASAWNEH M A S (Mohammad Abedrabbu Alkhawaldeh King Khaled Univ, Abha, Saudi Arabia, Email: malkhawaldeh@kku.edu.sa) : Developing acoustic analysis skills among students with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2237–44.
This study aimed at examining the effectiveness of a cognitive training program on promoting phonemic awareness skills on aco ustic analysis skill among students with developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) in Saudi Arabia. The semi-experimental approach was used in this study. The training program was applied on (12) male and female students from the fourth and fifth grades from schools at Abha Educational District. Data were collected through the Developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) Scale developed by the researcher along with acoustic Analysis Scale developed in the literature Data were analysed using the SPSS software package. The results of the study showed significant improvements in acoustic analysis skills of the students who received the training program compared to students who were taught using the conventional methods. The results also revealed no connection between the age of students and their interaction with the developed training program. The final mean scores of the experimental group were better than the control group as scored in the post test, which indicted the effectiveness of the developed training program in improving acoustic analysis skills among the sample of the study. Special education teachers can use the designed program to help students with apraxia. Future research can investigate visual analytical skills in developmental apraxia of speech (DAS) in handwriting and other areas.
6 tables, 10 ref
PRABHAKAR B, WANI T A
042837 PRABHAKAR B, WANI T A (Physics Dep, International Univ, Greater Noida - 201 310, Email: budigiprabhakar@gmail.com) : Mechanical properties of YBCO superconductor under high-pressure. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2264–71.
The crystal structure of YBCO Superconductor has fascinated the material science research group. The calculation of mechanical properties of YBCO Superconductor under pressure is the main focus in this research work. Density Functional Theory calculations using Quantum ESPRESSO under high pressure increasing systematically have been calculated and performed for YBa2Cu3o7 Superconductor. The only input required is the lattice parameters at corresponding pressure of materials which are predicted using first principle computational methods at desired high-pressure state. The lattice constants, variations, volume, density, Bulk modulus (B), Young modulus (E), Shear modulus (S) and Poisson ratio (n)values are calculated under pressure up to 30 GPa for YBCO Superconductor. Voigt-Reuss-Hill Approximations, Debye Sound velocities(ϑD), Debye temperature(θD) and Pugh's ratio(B/G) values have been calculated under pressure for YBCO Superconductor in this research work.A larger poisson's ratio value indicates ductile behavior and another criterion often used to differentiate between ductile and brittle behavior is the Poisson's ratio. Poisson's ratio greater than 0.26 implies the ductile behavior. With the application of elastic constants, we have obtained the Debye temperature and other physical quantities of YBa2Cu3o7 under pressure.
11 illus, 4 tables, 15 ref
SHETTIMA M B, SHARMA N , BANERJI P
042835 SHETTIMA M B, SHARMA N , BANERJI P (Suresh Gyan Vihar Univ, Jaipur, Email: mrbee4real@gmail.com) : Impact of small and medium enterprises on employment generation in Kaduna State Nigeria. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2229–36.
To examine the impact small and medium enterprises have on employment generation in Kaduna state, Nigeria and devise new ways in boosting employment generation by enterprises. Primary data is utilised with the help of a questionnaire; a survey is carried out from 5 selected SMEs having a sample size of 1,000 respondents with 200 respondents in each of the 5 selected SMEs. The variables in concerned were analysed using the Kaiser Varimax Rotation for factor analysis to show the correlation and level of significance exhibited. The SPSS software version 20 was used for this purpose. Findings in the study showed that there are disparities in the employment generation trends among the selected SMEs which are as a result of inequity in finance, policy discontinuity, insecurity, lack of awareness, ineffective market linkages, among others. The correlation matrix shows that the variables are seen to correlate at the minimum significance level thus proving our hypothesis of how significant the impact SMEs have on employment generation. Also the extraction values of all the variables are quite high indicating that they are good extraction values and as the acceptable cumulative % value is 60 %, our eight variables used have been reduced to four factors which explain our total variance at a cumulative % of 69 %; this clearly shown that 69 % of the variance is explained by four (4) distinct factors. The result however showed that all the variables exhibit good relationship among each other which also implies that they have great impact on employment generation as their factor loading is very high. Findings in the study will fill the gap in the literature of employment generation by small and medium enterprises and its outcome will pave way in facilitating new models in bolstering employment generation.
1 illus, 6 tables, 9 ref
AHMED Y, ASLAM M , MAHMOOD T
042833 AHMED Y, ASLAM M , MAHMOOD T (Govt. Islamia Coll, Lahore, Pakistan, Email: yaqoubahmedkhan@gmail.com) : A note on generalized m-derivations to weakly cancellative semirings. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2214–9.
Semirings is an important algebraic structure with applications in theory of automata, formal languages and theoretical computer science. The mappings which enforces commutativity in semirings remains attractive for researchers, since commutativity would be helpful in calculations and bring it's applications to ease. Our aim is to enforce commutativity in semirings by generalizing the classical theorem of Martindale [14, Theorem 3] with generalized m-derivation. Further, we discuss that composition of two generalized m-derivations ensure that one of their associated derivation must be trivial. We use generalized m-derivations which is associated to multiplicative derivations in certain semirings. We find the conditions of commutativity in semirings through these particular generalized m-derivations. Moreover, we discuss the characteristics of these mappings in weakly cancellative semirings. The concept of generalized m-derivations is newly introduced by us in ring theory in (1) and here we extend this concept to theory of semirings. We attempt to induce commutativity in weakly cancellative semirings (2) whose concept is unorthodox in the theory of semirings. This article pave new ways to study derivations and its applications on semirings.
14 ref
SOURABH , MANSOTRA V , KOUR P , KUMAR S
042831 SOURABH , MANSOTRA V , KOUR P , KUMAR S (Computer Science & IT Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu & Kashmir) : Voting-Boosting: A novel machine learning ensemble for the prediction of Infants' Data. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2189–202.
Owing to the continuous increase of electronic records and recent advances in machine learning, various automated disease diagnosis tools have been developed and proposed in healthcare sector. In the present study, an ensemble methodology using voting and boosting techniques has been proposed for optimal selection of features and prediction of infants' data of India. For feature selection, the best-first search algorithm of wrapper technique has been used in addition to votingboosting. The proposed ensemble consists of combination of heterogeneous classifiers including Random Forest, J48, JRip, CART and Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD). The effectiveness of the proposed ensemble and single classifiers have been investigated in terms of classification accuracy, precision, f-measure, recall, MCC and PRC area using varied k-fold cross validation. The results depicted that the proposed Voting-Boosting ensemble (k=15) outperforms the individual classifiers using selected features. The proposed Voting-Boosting ensemble can be extended by using more state-of-the art classification approaches and further utilized for other healthcare datasets for enhancing the performance.
8 illus, 3 tables, 35 ref
ALI S, HAQ A U , HAMID S , AFRASIAB
042829 ALI S, HAQ A U , HAMID S , AFRASIAB (Journalism & Mass Communication Dep, Malakand Univ, Chakdara, Dir Lower, KP, Email: sajjadjmc@uom.edu.pk) : Communication strategy of khyber pakhtunkhwa government in pandemic: A case study of Corona virus (COVID-19). Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(22), 2175–81.
In every country, authorities develop strategies for the awareness, education and information at the time of a crisis. This study explored the communication strategies of Khyber Pakhtunkhwa (KP) Government of Pakistan during the Corona virus (COVID-19)pandemic. Data was collected from the information department of KP. Secondary data was analyzed which was collected from the main information department Peshawar and the regional offices: Mardan, Abatabad, DI Khan, Malakand and Swat. Data was presented in a tabulated form in frequency distribution. The information department has used all type of methods, tactics and sources of information for the education, awareness and information of the public regarding Coronavirus (COVID-19) and made it possible to control the outbreak to a greater extent. KP government used all kind of media communication strategies including print media, radio, information departments, social media, videos and public service message for creating awareness among public. It is recommended that KP government until now has applied impressive communication strategies. It has been suggested to the government to use local influential public figures and places for the awareness of the people to overcome and control the pandemic.
4 tables, 28 ref
SANJRANI A A, NAVEED M S , SAJID M , AHMED A , AWAN S , JUMANI A K
042828 SANJRANI A A, NAVEED M S , SAJID M , AHMED A , AWAN S , JUMANI A K (Computer Science and Information Technology Dep, Balochistan-Quetta Univ, Pakistan, Email: anwarali.cs@uob.edu.pk) : Multilingual OCR systems for the regional languages in Balochistan. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(21), 2157–67.
There are various languages for which an optical character recognition technology has been developed but most of these address a particular language and thereby multilingual OCR remains a challenge. Development of multilingual OCR is one of a highly debated issue. Researcher are studying the feasibility and operational feasibility of multilingual OCR from technical as well as from viable aspects. Multilingual OCR includes printed or handwritten characters' form. In this paper, we study the significance, challenges and issues of developing multilingual OCR system for regional language based on Persio-Arabic script by conducting a comprehensive survery about the operational viability of mmultilingual OCR. A feedback of 339 participants is collected through an online surgery to find the scope and applicability of multilingual OCR. The respondents were from different linguistic background. The study identified that a large majority of participants are willing to use their native language for the accomplishment of their computational task and deemed that the support of multiple languages in a software would increase their productivity.In current form, the study addresses the viability of multilingual OCR of regional language based on Persio-Arabic script. To the best of our knowledge, such kind of study has not been conducted for the domain of Pakistan.
11 illus, 3 tables, 34 ref
ALSULIMANI T S
042825 ALSULIMANI T S (Management Information Systems Dep, Jeddah Univ, Saudi Arabia, Email: tsalsilimani@uj.edu.sa) : A three tier system architecture design for factors affecting students' performance analysis in the Western region in Jeddah Universities. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(21), 2138–48.
To study different factors influencing the academic performance of students at Jeddah University in Saudi Arabia. The study sample included 164 participants from university of Jeddah, composed of 127 females and 37 males. A survey was conducted by using a questionnaire containing the different factors that could affect academic performance of university students. The questionnaire data were collected and analyzed by using SPSS version 25 statistical program. Descriptive and correlation analysis was made. Three-tier architecture is developed to enable us to make better decisions faster by analyzing data, shared data sources that are centralized and can be stored on different types of servers. A significant correlation between gender (female) and students `scores with Spearman correlation coefficient (r) value of 0.33. A significant correlation was noted between friendship/peer relation and students' scores with (r) value of 0.80. Family education, family relation and friendship/peer relation play an important role in Saudi student academic performance indicating that student culture and environment affect academic performance significantly. The multitier architecture on which presentation, application processing and data management functions are physically separated: ; we are able to update and use a large data without any application update.
1 illus, 12 tables, 56 ref
DHAL S, PATRO A , SWAIN M , SUPRAJA K , RATH P K
042823 DHAL S, PATRO A , SWAIN M , SUPRAJA K , RATH P K (Centurion Univ of Technology & Management, Odisha, Email: satyanarayan.dhal@cutm.ac.in) : Simulation of very-low energy alkali ion (≤ 10 KeV) induced effects on Al2O3 micro flakes. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(21), 2111–8.
To simulate the Monte-carlo simulation of irradiation of alkali ions (sodium) having very low energy (5 keV and 10 keV) on aluminum oxide micro flakes. We have utilized a simulation process namely SRIM (Stopping of ion ranges in matter), which is based on the binary collision approximation technique. We have fixed our target as an aluminum oxide in the layered structure having a thickness about 65 nm. We have incorporated two different types of ion energy as the input parameters which are normally incident on the targets. We have analyzed ion distributions, recoil distributions, and further ionizations. The projected average range for 10 keV is significantly found to be higher, almost double than that of 5 keV. The reason behind this increment is due to the high penetration depth because of higher energy. The straggling of 10 keV is higher than that of 5 keV, which is evident from the recoil distribution where the cascade collision has created a large volume of vacancies, which is very high for higher energy. This simulation helps us to gather a rich amount of information regarding ion-induced defects, which is highly essential for experiments on aluminum oxide micro flakes. The surface modification after this low ion energy bombardment leads to low detrimental effects which may modify the wetting properties of these flakes.
9 illus, 15 ref
HUSSAIN S, KHOSO I-U-D , QURESHI F
042822 HUSSAIN S, KHOSO I-U-D , QURESHI F (Shaheed Benzair Bhutto Univ, Shaheed Benazirabad, Email: salarhussain@sbbusba.edu.pk) : Impact of mergers and acquisitions on shareholders' wealth: A study of Telecom sector of Pakistan. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(21), 2104–10.
This study aims to investigate the impact of mergers and acquisitions related events on the shareholders' wealth in Telecom sector of Pakistan. Event study methodology has been used to achieve this objective, in which, the short term and long term performance of firms are measured. For short term performance, Abnormal Returns (AR) and Cumulative Abnormal Returns (CAR) are measured while to determine long term performance, Buy-and-Hold Abnormal Returns (BHAR) are measured. The results revealed that the occurrence of these events has negatively affected the shareholders' wealth and the financial market did not respond to these events in the telecom sector of Pakistan. The study suggests that the telecom sector should choose different strategies to gain market share, to increase revenues, to gain a competitive edge and to diversify risk.
4 tables, 33 ref
KHAN U I, OBEROI D S
042820 KHAN U I, OBEROI D S (National Institute of Electronics and Information Technology, Srinagar/Jammu, Email: Ummer.iqbal.khan@gmail.com) : A secure IoT based flood warning system using elliptical curve cryptography. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(21), 2080–93.
To propose a design of an early flood warning system based on IOT with a strong emphasis on the security requirements of such systems. The design of an early flood warning system is based on measuring the hydrological parameters of a river, which include water level and discharge through an IOT based network. To calculate the discharge of water in a river, Manning's equation has been employed. Security protocols based on elliptical curve cryptography has been proposed for authenticating the real-time hydrological data. The proposed security protocols have been formally validated and verified against various active and passive attacks using AVISPA and Scyther. Simulation of the proposed scheme has also been carried out on the TOSSIM simulator using the TinyECC library to estimate the radio and CPU energy overheads. The formal security validation of the proposed authentication scheme indicates that the scheme is SAFE against various active and passive attacks. The simulation on Scyther indicates that no attacks have been found in proposed authentication protocols. The AVISPA validation also declares the scheme as SAFE as all-important security goals have been achieved. The Energy analyses on TOSSIM indicate that each node in the scheme requires 133 mJ for radio transmission and 59 mJ for CPU operations about the Mica2 Energy Model. Researchers have proposed many designs and schemes for early flood warnings without giving much emphasis to the security of such systems. The paper focuses on the security requirements of such systems.
13 illus, 2 tables, 28 ref
DEVASTHALI S
042816 DEVASTHALI S (School of Management Studies, Delhi, Email: sanjeevdevasthali@gmail.com) : A strategic management perspective of science and technology ventures by China. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(20), 2041–56.
To analyze the primary strategic motives for China venturing into Disruptive Technologies and Innovations R&D at a very rapid pace. China has been galloping the Technology Highway for the past decade, with technological and innovation inroads in almost all the key sectors with the government playing a pivotal role. The apparent drivers for the rapid strides in technology are economic growth, social development and the national aspirations of establishing a powerful and prosperous China. Forays in disruptive technologies has been preceded near-simultaneously by a plethora of strategic geopolitical ventures by China within its land mass, in the various seas, across the Asian, Europe and African continents and also in the space dimension. Thus, the methodology adopted is to study the various strategic initiatives China has implemented in the backdrop of global geopolitics. Thereafter, correlate the disruptive technologies to the various Chinese strategies. The initiatives to be a world leader in Disruptive Technologies correspond to China's other Strategic programs in global geopolitics and expansionist steps in the five dimensions of Land, Air, Sea, Space and Cyber Space. This cannot be dismissed as a mere coincidence. This study establishes that Technology is the common underlying driver of all the geopolitical overtures, viewed as strategic overlays, by China. Further, it is found that China is boosting R&D on dual-use technologies as compared to the single civil-end use technologies to complement its military component in implementation of its strategic manoeuvres. The study will facilitate in mapping the global repercussions of these technologies, especially in the Indian sub-continent, given the stand-off relationship between the two nations.
14 illus, 60 ref
BEHERA M K , MISHRA R , RANSINGH A , CHAKRAVARTY S
042815 BEHERA M K , MISHRA R , RANSINGH A , CHAKRAVARTY S (CSE Dep, Centurion Univ of Technology & Management, Odisha, Email: sujata.chakravarty@cutm.ac.in) : Prediction of different stages in diabetic retinopathy from retinal fundus images using radial basis function based SVM. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(20), 2030–40.
This study proposes an automatic computer-aided screening system for prediction of Diabetic retinopathy (DR) by using image processing and machine learning techniques. This proposed model can predict DR in three different stages, Normal, Non-Proliferative Diabetic retinopathy (NPDR) and Proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) based on the features those are present in an input retinal fundus image using support Vector Machine(SVM). For better feature extraction each input retinal fundus image is pre-processed using three techniques; Image compression, Color layer separation and Contrast Limited Adaptive equalization (CLAHE). After pre-processing, the feature extraction is done using different techniques like Linear Spatial filtering, image thresholding and Top-hat operation for extraction of different features like micro aneurysms, blood vessels and exudates respectively. These extracted features are used for designing the classifier. Different kernels of SVM have been applied to the same set of feature and compared. Finally, Radial Basis Function(RBF) based Kernel SVM outperform others with an accuracy value of 97.2 % using a test dataset of size 255 images. As the model addresses three class classification of DR with a vast set of feature matrix, it performs well in detection of DR at its earlier state even with minimum feature set.
7 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref
MAHENDRA H N, MALLIKARJUNASWAMY S , SIDDESH G K , KOMALA M , SHARMILA N
042813 MAHENDRA H N, MALLIKARJUNASWAMY S , SIDDESH G K , KOMALA M , SHARMILA N (Electronics and Communication Dep, Bangalore and Affiliated to Visvesvaraya Technological Univ, Belagavi, KA, Email: mahendrahn@jssateb.ac.in) : Evolution of real-time onboard processing and classification of remotely sensed data. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(20), 2010–20.
To provide a technical review of current hardware architecture, techniques, problems, and practices used for real-time on-board data processing and classification of Remotely Sensed (RS) data. The major issues of data processing such as power limitation and downlink bandwidth are considered for analysis. Performance of traditional Central Processing Unit (CPU) and onboard Graphics Processing Unit (GPU), Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA)based data processing are presented in Table 3. Different hardware architecture used for onboard data classification such as FPGA, Advanced RISC Microcontroller (ARM), and Digital Signal Processor (DSP) based system performance are reported in Tables 5 and 6 respectively. In general satellite data processing, immediate action cannot be taken against natural disasters because of the time taken in processing data at the ground station. Also the downlink bandwidth available between satellite and ground station many not be sufficient to transfer large size of data. One of the solutions to resolve this issue is to process the data onboard, so that data size will be reduced and can be downlink to the ground station for different applications such as urban planning, agriculture, defense/security purposes, biological threat detection, fire tracking on wild land, risk/hazard prevention and also helps to take immediate action during natural disasters. The existing hardware module and its architecture have been studied and concluded with a comparative result. These results aid the researchers to come up with a more optimized design and hardware architecture for data preprocessing and classification.
4 illus, 7 tables, 25 ref
CALO A-M V M, BARBOSA J B , DINAGSAO A V
042808 CALO A-M V M, BARBOSA J B , DINAGSAO A V (Information Technology Dep, Information Technology and Computing Univ of Science and Technology of Southern Philippines Coll, Cagayan de Oro City, 9000, Philippines, Email: vince.calo@ustp.edu.ph) : GrabTutor: A web and mobile application for tutor appointment system with GPS security feature. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(19), 1955–64.
Academic tutoring is sought to aid students academically, keep them in school, and eventually earn a degree aside from the learning they get from a typical classroom setting. Academic institutions somehow start programs for peer tutorial sessions among students, but matching of tutees with tutors takes time especially for complex and complicated topics. It even brings a security concern about where students are conducting tutorials. Hence, this study aims to design a tutor appointment system with location tracking feature to give students a more efficient and safer tutorial experience. GrabTutor is composed of a mobile and web application that communicates through a cloud server. The tutees find tutors through the mobile application. The system generates a unique barcode for each tutorial appointment. A barcode scanner is embedded in the mobile application accessible to the tutor. Once the tutor scans, the system will trigger the timer and sends GPS coordinates to the server to track the location. The location will be represented by a marker on the map of the moderator's web application. Based on the results of the usability tests, the system easily matched tutees to the right tutors. The GPS monitoring system was proven to be a helpful tool to ease the risk of students having to go somewhere else to meet up with a tutor. The proposed system enables quick and efficient matching of tutors to tutees and integrates GPS information of students within the campus during the conduct of the tutorial to track their whereabouts for a more secure tutorial experience.
12 illus, 6 ref
PATEL K, PATEL F R
042806 PATEL K, PATEL F R (Biotechnology and Microbiology Dep, Shri M.M. Patel Institute of Sciences and Research, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, Email: khyatimpatel22@gmail.com) : Screening of biosurfactant producing yeasts isolated from mangrove ecosystem of Surat region of Gujarat, India. Indian J Sci Technol 2020, 13(19), 1927–34.
Biosurfactants are extracellular surface-active compounds produced by bacteria, fungi and yeast. Interest in biosurfactant has been increasing due to their unique properties. The objective of this study is to screen for potential biosurfactant producing yeasts from mangrove areas of Gujarat in India. The biosurfactant producing yeasts isolated from five different mangrove sites i.e. Hazira, Mandroi, Mirzapur, Kantiyajal and Machhad of Surat, Gujarat during summer season of 2015. Isolated yeasts were screened for the production of biosurfactant by Parafilm M, Oil displacement and Emulsification index method in which cottonseed oil was used as a substrate. The type of biosurfactant produced was identified by Phenol-sulfuric acid test, Biuret test and phosphate test. Total twenty four yeasts were isolated from soils of sampling sites. Yeasts were initially screened by Parafilm M and oil displacement method. Out of these 24 isolate, 6 isolates namely, Ky-48, Ky-53, Ky-54, Ky-84, Ky-86 and Ky-87 showed promising biosurfactant activity. These six isolates were further subjected to secondary screening method: Emulsification test, to identify biosurfactant production. Two isolates, namely Ky-46 (emulsification index: 61.53 %) and Ky-86 (emulsification index: 46.66 %) showed maximum biosurfactant production. All six isolates showed positive result for phenol- sulfuric acid method. This indicated that the isolated biosurfactant was Glycolipid in nature. Few mangrove yeasts have potential to produce high amount of glycolipid that can be used in food processing and detergents, healthcare and cosmetics industries.
3 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref