020634   Gupta S;Sharma S C (N V Patel College of Pure and Applied Sciences, , Mota Bazar, Vallabh Vidya Nagar-388 120, Email: sanjeevgupta@yahoo.com) : Selection and application of advance control systems: PLC, DCS and PC - based system. J scient ind Res 2005, 64(4), 249-55.

Very-large-scale-integrated (VLSI) chips have made a great impact on the development of advanced control systems. The paper highlights the basic features and architecture of Programmable Logical Controller (PLC), Distributed Control System (DCS) and Personnel Computer (PC) based system used in almost all industries like paper, chemical, petrochemical, sugar, and fertilizer etc. The factors affecting the selection of PLC, DCS, and PC-based control system are covered in the paper. The comparison between PLC & DCS, PLC & PC-based control system, and PLC, DCS & PC-based control system are presented. Fuzzy based controller and its importance in the industry are also discussed.

6 illus, 4 tables, 6 ref

019567   Kowar M K (Electronics Engng & Computer Science Dep, Bhilai Institute of Technology, Bhilai House, Durg-491 001) : A medical expert system based on fuzzy logic. Appl Sci Period 2004, 6(4), 221-7.

An attempt has been made to develop a medical diagnostic tool for the determination of variou types of fever generally observed by using the inherent property of Fuzzy set theory and Fuzzy logic. The essence of Fuzzy logic is to provide a linguistic approach with an excellent approximation to tests. The symptoms are expressed in terms of Fuzzy sets. A Fuzzy relationship has been developed between symptoms and diseases, named as medical knowledge and the diagnosis assigned to patients. The work involves the use of Fuzzy logic in medical diagnosis for determining type of fever from the given disease symptoms. The disease symptoms relationship for eight different types of viral fevers, viz., Influenza, Chicken Pox, Mumps, Scarlet Fever, Polio Myelitis, measles, dengue, Common cold have been taken into consideration.

3 tables, 9 ref

018456   Tata Consultancy Services (NO, , Bombay House, Sri Homi Mody Street, Mumbai-400 023) : Apparatus and method for specifying and implementing a declarative way to write rules on objects, attributes and associations. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

018455   Suri P K;Vikram Singh (Computer Science and Applications Dep, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra-136 119) : Evaluation of software testing and debugging strategies using simulation. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect E 2004, 23(1), 91-103.

An approach for modeling software testing process and evaluating alternatives software-testing strategies has been described. A major aim of this approach is to assess the effects of different testing and debugging strategies in different situations. It is shown how the simulation technique developed can be used to evaluate (before testing starts) alternative testing and debugging strategies. Three such testing strategies, namely, (i) uniform path selection with replacement (ii) uniform path selection without replacement and (iii) non-uniform path selection with replacement; and two debugging strategies, namely, delayed debugging and imperfect debugging have been considered for simulation modeling.

2 tables, 23 ref

018454   Sailaja B;Muralidharan K;Mishra B (Directorate of Rice Research, , Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030) : A software for assessing reaction of genotypes of pathogens in multilocational tests. J Mycol Pl Pathol 2004, 34(2), 571-5.

Every year numerous land races, cultivars and improved elite breeding lines are exposed to pathogens at many locations across the country to select the best performing genotypes. A computer software package has been developed for a quick and efficient analysis of screening-set data on the reaction of genotypes to pathogens. The software is based on a database structure with visual basic (VB) script as a front end. This software contains four modules for analysing reactions of test genotypes across different locations by generating reports: frequency distribution table for disease scores with location severity index (LSI); LSI for each entry (genotype) in the screening-set; select locations by eliminating those with low LSI; and list promising entries based on entry-wise susceptibility index (SI) of genotypes across locations. User-friendly screen prompts are available for creating multiple screening-set data, details of genotypes, locations and diseases. Package output screen consists of different combo boxes to query for required information and comman buttons to generate the four reports. There is another provision in the output screen that user can directly send the generated reports to either a document or spread sheet format. This software was validated with screening-sets data 2003 from all India coordinated rice improvement project on the reaction of genotypes to rice diseases. Apart from analysis of the reactions to pathogens, this software can be used to assess the data on reactions of genotypes to all abiotic or other biotic stresses.

2 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

018453   Sailaja B;Krishnaveni D;Padmakumari A P; Mishra B (Directorate of Rice Research, , Hyderabad-500 030) : Developing computer expert for management of pathogens and insect pests in rice. J Mycol Pl Pathol 2004, 34(2), 563-7.

3 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

018452   Nagoorgani A;Anusuya V (Mathematics Dep, Jamal Mohamed College, Tiruchirapalli-620 020) : Shortest path on a network using fuzzy number. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect E 2004, 23(1), 27-34.

A fuzzy shortest-path problems on a network in which a fuzzy number instead of a real number is assigned to each edge has been presented. An algorithm for solving the problem is developed and a number of nondominated paths derived from the network.

2 illus, 7 ref

017371   Subramanian V S A;Yamuna M;Sridharan N (NO, A.P.S.A. College, Tiruppattur-630 211) : A note on nonsplit domination number of a graph. Int J Mgmt Syst 2004, 20(2), 199-204.

Obtains lower bounds for the nonsplit domination number of a tree and show that if G is a graph of order p such that both G and its complement G^- are connected, then γ_ns(G^-) + γ_ns (G) ≤ p + 1.

1 ref

017370   Haragopal V V;Sampath Kumar K;Pandit S N N (Statistics Dep, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad) : Qualitatively different distributions with the same first few moments: a case study with 't' distribution. Int J Mgmt Syst 2004, 20(2), 157-66.

The fact that distributions, which are qualitatively quite distinct from one another, can still have the same first 'k' (say, k=4) moments is not generally appreciated. It is shown that 't' distributions with v=8 and 10 degrees of freedom, which are symmetric uni-modal, can share the first four moments with distributions which are asymmetric and even multimodal. This possibility can have a bearing on problems of characterizing images. Which can be misclassified as qualitatively different images when moments approach is used for identifying the same.

1 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

017369   Arora S R;Shanker R;Saxena R R (Mathematics Dep, Hans Raj College, Delhi Univ, Delhi) : An algorithm for quasi-convex set covering problem. Int J Mgmt Syst 2004, 20(2), 205-18.

A set covering problem, in which the objective function is the sum of linear and linear fractional functions is discussed. It is proved that the objective function is both quasi-convex and quasi-concave and hence the optimal solution is at an extreme point of the convex polyhedron formed by the feasible set. The given problem has been replaced by two problems, one is linear and the other is quadratic. An algorithm to solve the given problem is developed. The algorithm is illustrated with a numerical example.

8 ref

017368   Akula B;Parmar R S;Shekh A M (Agricultural Meeteorology Dep, B.A. College of Agriculture, Gujarat Agricultural Univ, Anand) : Graphical user interface weather converter for WTGROWS. J Agrometeorol 2004, 6(Spl. Iss), 186-190.

2 illus

017367   Aggarwal K K;Singh Y;Chhabra J K (NO, GGS Indraprastha Univ, Delhi) : Measuring maintainability of object-oriented software. Int J Mgmt Syst 2004, 20(2), 139-56.

The need of maintainable and good quality software has driven the software market from procedure-oriented software to object oriented software. For large software systems, the maintenance phase tends to have comparatively much longer duration than all the previous life-cycle phases taken together, obviously resulting in much more efforts. A good measure of software maintainability of object-oriented software can help better manage the maintenance phase effort. Maintainability of object-oriented software cannot be adequately measured by only source code or by documents. The complexity, readability and understandability of both source code and documentation should be considered to measure the maintainability. A four parameter based integrated measure of maintainability of object-oriented software has been proposed. A new representation for rule base of fuzzy models, which is require less space for storage and will efficient in finding the results in the simulation.

8 tables, 39 ref

016289   Srivastava M;Gupta P (Textile & Apparel Designing Dep, College of Home-Science, MPUAT, Udaipur) : Software that automates fashion designing. Man Made Text India 2004, 47(9), 320-5.

8 ref

015306   SES Americom Inc (NO, , 4, Research Way, Princeton NJ 08540, USA) : Parallel concatentated tail biting convolutional code and decoder therefor. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

015305   Ghosh K;Sarkar S;Bhaumik K (Microelectronics Div, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700 064, Email: kbhaumik@med.saha.ernet.in) : Edge enhancement in ultrasound images using biology inspired non-classical centre-surround mechanism. J pure appl Ultrasonics 2004, 26(4), 110-20.

The classical center-surround mechanism in the receptive field of the ganglion cell of retina in the visual system has already been modeled and applied in the field of digital image processing, thus giving rise to the Difference of Gaussian and equivalently the Laplacian of Gaussian edge detectors. Here cue has been taken from recent physiological findings, proving the existence of an extended surround well beyond the classical receptive field. By modeling this extended surround by means of a third gaussian function it has been shown that there exists optimum ratios of the variances of the gaussians that simultaneously fulfill the criteria of a good edge detector and tally with the physiological findings as well. This has enabled construction of more powerful edge detectors, that has the potential to meet the challenging task of edge enhancement of the noisy ultrasound images.

28 illus, 15 ref

014238   Sukla A K;Lal S;Saxena M (NO, Moradabad Institute of Technology, Ramganga Vihar, Phase-II, Moradabad-244 001) : Steganography - A modern security system. Acta Cienc Indica-Phys 2004, 30(3), 349-51.

In an ideal world one would be able to openly send encrypted email or files to each other with no fear of reprisals. However, there are often cases when this is not possible, either because one is working for a company that does not allow encrypted email or perhaps the local government does not approve of encrypted communication (a reality in some parts of the world). This is where Steganography can come into play. Steganography simply takes one piece of information and hides it within another. Steganography can also be used to place a hidden "trademark" in images, music, and software, a technique referred to as watermarking.

7 ref

013120   Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd (NO, , 416, Maetain-Dong, Paldal-Gu, Suwon-City, Kyungki-Do, Republic of Korea) : Quality calculator for viterbiodecoded data using zero-state metrics. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

013119   Samsung Electronics Co. Ltd (NO, , 416 Maetan Dong, Paldal - GU, Suwon City, Kyungi - Do, Republic of Korea) : An apparatus for transferring data between first and second buses. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

013118   Ajmal Khan S;Murugesan P;Lyla P S;Jaganathan S (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: s_ajmalkhan@rediffmail.com) : A new indicator macro invertebrate of pollution and utility of graphicla tools and diversity indices in polution monitoring studies. Curr Sci 2004, 87(11), 1508-10.

3 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

012120   Sun Microsystems Inc (NO, , 901, San Antonio Road, Pali Alto, California 94303, USA) : Method of implementing an execution stack in a computer system and a computer system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

011124   Sun Microsystems Inc (NO, , 901, San Antonio Road, Pali Alto, California 94303, USA) : Method of implementing an execution stack in a computer system and a computer system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009070   Wittkotter E (NO, , Schonhaldestrasse 21, Ch-8272, Ermatingen, Switzerland) : System for protecting electronically published documents with a local computer system and a method of protected representation of electronically published document. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009069   Telefonaktiebolagetlm Ericsson Publ (NO, , S-126 25 Stockholm, Sweden) : A telecommunications networks. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

009068   Intel Corp (NO, , 2200 Mission College Boulevard Santa Clara, California 95052) : A general purpose central processing unit. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008139   Inmarsat Ltd (NO, , 99 City Road, London ECIY IAX England) : Data communication interface apparatus and a method of operating the same. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008138   Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands Bv (NO, , Locatellikade 1, Parnassustoren 1076 A Z Amsterdam, The Netherlands) : A suspension for a data recording disk drive. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008137   CANAL + Societe Anyonyme (NO, , 85/89 Quai Aandre Citroen, 57511, Paris, Cedex 15, France) : Decoder for a digital audiovisual tramsmission system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008136   Arm Ltd (NO, , 110 Fulbourn Road, Cherry Hinton, Cambridge CB1 9 NJ, UK) : Apparatus for data processing. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

008135   Gabrani G (Computer Engng Dep, Delhi Coll of Engng, Bawana Road, New Delhi-110 042) : A distributed queue approach to resource locations in broadband distributed computing environments. Comp Stand Interface 2004, 27(1), 1-18.

008134   Asharaf S;Narasimha Murty M; (Computer Sci and Automation Dep, Indian Inst of Sci, Bangalore-560 012) : Rough fuzzy approach to web usage categorization. Fuzzy Set Syst 2004, 148(1), 119-29.

008133   Arotaritei D;Mitra S (Computer Sci Dep, Aalborg Univ Esbjerg, Niels Bohrs Vej 8, 6700, Esbjerg, Denmark) : Web mining: a survey in the fuzzy framework. Fuzzy Set Syst 2004, 148(1), 5-19.

007146   Sun Microsystems, Inc (NO, , 901, San Antonio Road, Palo Alto, California 94303, USA) : Computer implemented process for processing a computer program, and a computer system and computer program product therefor. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

007145   Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd (NO, , 1006, Oaza Kadoma, kadomas-Shi, Osaka 571 Japan) : Optical disc device and recording method of optical disc. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

007144   Canon Kabushiki Kaisha (NO, , 30-2.3-Chome Shimomaruko, Ohta-Ku, Tokyo, A Japanese Company, Japan) : Information processing apparatus and method. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

007143   Mitra S;Das S (Computer Science Dep, Bengal Engineering College(D U), Howrah 711 103) : An approach towards the query handing in mobile cellular network. J scient ind Res 2004, 63(11), 877-87.

A data management scheme for processing different types of queries in a mobile cellular environment is proposed. The present work is able to give answers of different types of queries such as, proximity query, personal query, and query for any broadcast type of data by exchanging a few number of messages among different components of the network such as, mobile unit, base station and mobile switching centre. The scheme uses two databases stored at base station and mobile switching centre. Locations of all location dependent data are represented in cylindrical polar coordinates, and the database at each base station keeps the data of the fixed objects exclusively in its locality. As a result the proximity query raised by a mobile unit can be answered by its servicing base station without consulting other base stations and mobile switching centres, thus redcing message exchange and hence the delay in query answering. The suitable file organization to support the database is also proposed here. Moreover, a suitable Query Language is proposed here to process the queries in the mobile cellular environment. Exhaustive simulation work is done to study the preformance of the system for getting satisfactory answer of the query by varying different parameters like, query arrival probability and time.

8 illus, 3 tables, 20 ref

006181   Sun Microsystems, Inc (NO, , 901, San Antonio Road, palo Alto, California 94303) : A computer implemented process for processing a computer program and a computer system and computer program product therefor. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

006180   Sony Corp (NO, , 7-35 Kitashinagawa 6-chome, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo, Japan) : Apparatus for recording audio data or computer data on a disc-shaped recording medium. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

006179   Siemens Aktiengesellschaft (NO, , Wittelsbacherplatz 2, 80333 Muenchen, Germany) : Chip codule in particular for implantation in a chip card body. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

006178   Motorola Inc (NO, , 1303 East Algonquin Road, Schaumburg, Illinois, 60196, USA) : A method for channel scanning. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

006177   Matsushita Electric Industrial Co Ltd (NO, , 1006, Oaza Kadoma, Kadoma-Shi, Osaka 571 Japan) : Optical disc device and recording method of optical disc. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

005130   Tripathy B K;Pattanaik G P (Computer Science Dep, Berhampur University, Berhampur-760 007) : On some properties of lists and fuzzy lists. Inf Sci 2004, 168(1), 9-23.

005129   Ramaiah C K (Information Studies Div, Sch of Communication & Inf, Nanyang Technol Univ, Singapore-639 798) : Comparative study of black & white and colour hypertext user interfaces. IASLIC Bull 2003, 48(2), 99-109.

10 tables, 17 ref

005128   Kalyankar N V;Khamitkar S D (Mathematics Sch, Statistics and Computational Sciences, Swami Ramanand Teerth Marathwada University, Nanded-431 605) : Security threat to digital data: computer viruses. Libr Prog 2003, 23(1), 73-7.

The main purpose of having computer systems is to maintain and use data or to process the data. This results in to aggregation of valuable, priceless data and information on the computer systems. The collected information is very valuable and it needs a trustworthy security. In spite of few security measures, still this information remains unsecured because of infections of Viruses. Since the Viruses are invisible and few are unpredictable. Day to day new Viruses are coming an average user may or may not be aware of it's infection. This insecurity may loose lot of valuable data and reduces the productivity. This paper emphasis of working of Viruses and types of Viruses at the same time it recommed few steps to avoid them and make proper security for your precious data.

3 ref

005127   Gupta V;Goswami S;Ashok Kumar;Mohinder Singh (Defence Scientific information and Documetation Centre (DESIDOC), , Metacalfe house, Delhi-110 054) : Networking and security measures. DESIDOC Bull Inf Technol 2004, 24(2), 9-16.

Effort has been put to understand the growing network needs and its security. Various types of network threats and security services are discussed. This will help in designing a secure and robust network infrastructure by discussing management security policies and risk analysis.

4 illus, 7 ref

005126   Chakraborty C;Chakraborty D (NO, Vinod Gupta School of Management, I.I.T. Kharagpur, Kharagpur-721 302) : Decision scheme based on OWA operator for an evaluation programme: an approximate reasoning approach. Appl Soft Comput 2004, 5(1), 45-53.

005125   Aggarwal K K;Singh Y;Chhabra J K (NO, GGS Indraprastha Univ, Delhi) : Complete dependency matrix for object oriented software. Int J Mgmt Syst 2003, 19(1), 43-54.

The object oriented system development is gaining wide attention both in research environment and in industry. Increasing complexity of such systems, lack of adequate criteria and guidelines for good designs have become crucial especially for maintenance of these systems. Minimum dependency among classes has been always a desirable design characteristic. Many metrics are published in literature for measurement of coupling of object-oriented software, but none of them is good for indicating the dependencies among classes. This paper proposes a new metric for measurement of overall dependencies among classes in object-oriented software. While measuring the dependencies, the direction of dependency and dependency because of ripple effect has also been considered for the first time.

23 ref

004171   Sony Corp (NO, , 7-35 Kitashinagawa 6-chome, Shinagawa-ku Tokyo, Japan) : Apparatus for recording audio data or computer data on a disc-shaped recording medium. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004170   Motorola Inc (NO, , 1303 East Algonquin Road, Schaumburg, Illinois, 60196, USA) : A method for channel scanning. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004169   Mohan Tambe (NO, , 74F, Venus, Worli Sea Face, Mumbai-400 018) : Centralized multi-processor server for analog/digital transmission over cable T.V. networks for interactively conducting multi-media enriched lessons in each class room through wireless remote devices. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004168   Electronics Research & Development Centre (NO, , Vellayambala, Thiruvananthapuram-695 033) : Integrated computer-communication-education-entertainment system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).