004167   Canal + Societe Anonyme (NO, , 85/89 Quai Andre Citroen, 75711 Paris, Cedex 15, France) : A device driver and method of communicating data between an application and an interface via said device driver. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004166   Canal + Societe Anonyme (NO, , 85/89, Quai Andre Citroen, 75711, Paris, Cedex 15, France) : Method of transmitting television programme and other data, and communications and digital television transmission system. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

004165   Sivakumar S;Kavitha K;Sivaraj R;Prabha D; Subburam V (Bharathiar University, Department of Environmental Sciences, Coimbatore 641 046) : Effect of cadmium and mercury on the survival morphology and burowing behaviour of the earthworm Lambito mauritii (Kinberg). Indian J envir Prot 2003, 23(7), 792-9.

The earthworm, Lambito Mauritii (Kinberg) were exposed to various concentrations of cadmium and mercury in soil and water medium. The 24 hr LC₅₀ value of cadmium and mercury in water environment was 1.1 and 0.09 mg/L, respectively and in soil medium it was found to be 800.7 and 336.6 mg/kg. The various behavioral changes observed were burowing, fast movement, lifting of the body, curling and coiling. The morphological changes were rupture of the cuticle, blood accumulation, constriction, bulging, oozing out of blood and oozing out of coelomic fluid. In all the concentrations tested the time taken for the initiation of morphological changes decreased.

3 illus, 5 tables, 13 ref

004164   Deshpande U;Gupta A;Basu A (Computer Science and Engineering Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302) : Task assignment with imprecise information for real-time operation in a supply chain. Appl Soft Comput 2004, 5(1), 101-17.

004163   Anil Singh (NO, , ) : Bluetooth technology: a new revolution in it. Int Libr Movement 2003, 25(4), 228-32.

3 ref

003041   Upadhyay S;Ashok Kumar;Aggarwal K K (Computer Sci and Applications Dep, Kurukshetra Univ, Kurukshetra) : Delta routing : an improvement with proof of correctness. Int J Mgmt Syst 2003, 19(2), 193-204.

2 illus, 13 ref

003040   Tripathi A K;Gupta M (Computer Engineering Dep, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi) : Some observations on reuse types, technologies, practices and problems. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2004, 7(1), 1-13.

Reuse promises increased productivity and enhanced product quality. A good deal of reseach in this area has gone into identifying types of possible reuse types and technologies for the purpose. The experience of the industry shows that organizations are not comfortable in practicing reuse. An attempt has been made to identify the reasons (technical) impeding reuse oriented software development. Introductory remarks about resue itself, its types etc. for describing the reuse scenario have been given. The research works reported in the literature normally talk about organizational issues whereas this paper considers the technical issues to present the clearer picture. Finally observations and propositions for making reuse practice is given a regular part of the development process. The basic observation put forth is the idea that reuses need to be inculcated in the development process. Time is ripe now has come for "Reuse Oriented Software Process" concept.

30 ref

003039   Pushpa P R;Aggarwal P (Computer Science & Applications Dep, Kurukshetra University, Kurukshetra, Haryana) : Cache disk driver for linux. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2004, 7(1), 25-32.

A process of using some portion of RAM to be used as Cache memory for improving the I/O performance of the system is presented. This additional cache helps in reducing the number of disk aceesses especially for 1/O incentive applications and hence increases the throughput thereby decreasing the Response time. The objective is to increase the I/O performance at least by 10%. Whole of the coding is done in `C' and the product runs successfully on 80486 or higher processor with memory 16 MB or more. This product is meant for Linux red Hat 6.2 having kernel version 2.2 12-20 and supports all kind of data base applications and all kind of file systems supported by Linux.

2 illus, 3 ref

003038   Koliastasis D;Despotis D K (NO, University of Piraeus, Greece) : Rules for comparing predictive data mining algorithms by error rate. Opsearch 2004, 41(3), 178-87.

In knowledge discovery from databases and warehouses, there is an ongoing number of algorithms and practices that can be used for the very same application, for example to predict the value of a specific field. These algorithms are trained on a portion of the original data set and are tested on the remaining data set for their accuracy. Furthermore, the estimated value of the target field is often tested against a second data set for evaluation purposes. Factors affecting the performance is examined, as it is defined by the produced error rate, of some popular predictive data mining alogrithms such as decision trees, neural nets, regression etc, on many data sets from different sources. These factors may be either the number of attributes, the type of each field, the number of missing values etc. Finally, it is tested whether it is possible to gauge a priori which algorithm (s) will produce the lowest error rate of each specific data set. As a result some heuristic rules are to be listed in order to facilitate the decision maker in selecting the best possible technique.

4 tables, 7 ref

003037   Jain M;Sharma V;Priya K (Mathematics Dep, Institute of Basic Science, Dr. B. R. Ahmedkar University, Agra-282 002) : Traffic characterization and prioritized channel schemes for wireless in local loop (WLL). Int J Inf Comput Sci 2004, 7(1), 33-53.

Focus has been placed on the performance prediction of wireless local loop system in terms of blocking probabilities of the calls. A traffic model based on queue theoretic approach has been developed. For solution purpose, product type solution is employed. Analysis is brought about by comparing various situations of prioritizing the handoff calls by reserving the channel, allowing new calls to be entertained in this reserved area if the handoof calls are less and further offering facilities to handle more handoff voice calls by subrating the reserved channel. All of the above situations are computed analytically as well as using Artificial Neural Network (ANN) which is the fastest growing technique of soft computing. A feed forward two layer ANN is considered for obtaining the blocking probabilities. The back propagation algorithm is used for training the ANN. All the aboe situations are compared using numerical illustrations.

34 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

001990   Sony Corporation (NO, , 7-35, Kistashingagawa 6-chome, shinagawa-ku, Tokyo, Japan) : Recording apparatus for recording program data. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

000939   Ghatak P;Tripathi R C (Information Technology Department, , New Delhi) : The digital signal processors: the emerging IPR safety tools with adaptable computation techology. Elect Inf Plann 2002, 30(3), 83-98.

One of the efforts to capture market in the area of Information Technology, witnessed in many cases, locally, has been to move from H/w devices embodying the core technology to offer corresponding S/w packages. This has become possible with advent of new generation of microcomputers providing the processing power and storage capacities comparable to the so called supercomputers of late 1980's. The entire move has added to possibility of achieving the functionality of the H/w through the S/w and may not prove useful for "Online processing" applications. Again the "expression" is covered only under the Copyright Act wherein the underlying idea to achieve the functionality is not protected. Undoubtedly, the S/w solutions offer extensive price performance advantage (typically 2 to 8) but this trend has witnessed easy access to the built-in technology leading to IPR proliferations and infringements. This has called to the current movement of the IPR Safety Technologies. Digital Signal Processors (DSP's), who also provide adaptable computational features commensurate with the target applications have emerged as the most important weapons to keep the Intellectual Property Rights remain safe and also add to the extreme miniaturization, low power ratings and enhanced performances. The present report reviews their historical development, architectures, markets, applications, technological breakthroughs and their capacity to work as Technology Driver as witnessed globally....

6 illus, 4 tables, 13 ref

000011   Intel Corporation (NO, , 220 Missioncollege Boulevard, Santa Clara CA 95052, USA) : Method of processing a request and a computer system and microprocessor therefor. 0000, (NULL), (NULL).

014274   Yadav V;Singh R (Computer Science & Engg. Dep, Krishna Girls Engineering College, Kanpur-208 024, Email: vibhashds10@yahoo.com) : Integrated approach to software reliability allocation. Int J Engng Sci Mgmt 2011, 1(1), 15-19.

Most of the existing methods of Software Reliability Allocation (SRA) badly rely on the experiential data and are based on nonlinear optimization with specified objective function. In this paper, we have proposed a method which integrates users' requirements and preferences with the technical structure comprising components (functions, programs, and modules) at different levels of abstraction. Reliability allocation to the components is guided by taking users view on importance of each component and considering utility and cost of development of the software. Since, we have integrated the users view about software functions and their relative importance to the user with the Software Engineers (SE) and programmers (PR) view of the structure of software in terms of programs and modules, the use of linear equations will work and the complexity of optimization will be greatly reduced.

1 illus, 14 ref

014273   Wiedijk F (Institute of Computing and information Sciences, Radbound Univ, Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmetgen, The Netherlands, Email: freek@cs.ru.nl) : Formalizing arrow's theorem. Sadhana 2009, 34(1), 193-220.

A small project in which I encoded a proof of Arrow's theorem- probably the most famous results in the economics field of social choice theory-in the computer using the Mizar system is presented here. The details of this specific project, as well as the process of formalization (encoding proofs in the computer) in general are discussed.

24 ref

014272   Sunitha K V N;Kalyani N (Computer Science Engineering Dep, G Narayanamma Institute of Technology and Science, Hyderabad-500 008, Email: k.v.n.sunitha@gmail.com) : Improving word coverage using unsupervised morphological analyser. Sadhana 2009, 34(5), 703-15.

Powerful computers are needed for processing tasks related to human languages these days. Human languages, also called natural languages, are highly versatile systems of encoding information and can capture information of various domains. To enable a computer to process information in human languages, the language needs to be appropriately 'described' to the computer, i.e. the language needs to be 'modelled'. In this work, we present an approach for acquisition of morphology of inflectional language like Hindi. It is an unsupervised learning approach, suitable for languages with a rich concatenative morphology. Broadly, our work is carried out in three steps: 1. Acquire the morphology of Hindi from a raw (un annotated) Central Institute of Indian Languages (CIIL), Mysore text corpus, 2. prepare clusters and prepare stem bag and suffix bag, 3. use the morphological knowledge to decompose given word as stems and suffixes according to their morphological behaviour and add new words. A prime motivation behind this work is to eventually develop an unsupervised morphological analyser which is language-independent (used for Hindi). Second motivation is to develop a Morphological segmentation which is language-independent as it is shown that study of morphology would benefit to a range of NLP tasks such as speech recognition, speech synthesis, machine translation and information retrieval. Though Hindi is an important and a national language in India, little computational work has been done so far in this direction. Our work is one of the first efforts in this regard and can be considered pioneering. There are many such languages for which it is very important to have a suitable but inexpensive computational acquisition process. Languages receive very little attention of computational linguistic research both in terms of availability of funds and number of researchers. We however do not claim that our approach is a solution for all such languages. Different languages have characteristics that require individual research attention.

3 illus, 8 tables, 16 ref

014271   Ruhil N;Rajesh Kumar (Gurgaon College of Engineering Bilaspur-Tauru Road, Gurgaon (HR), Haryana, Email: neelamruhil@gmail.com) : Secure socket layer by shen scheme- a powerfull process in data mining. Int J Engng Sci Mgmt 2011, 1(1), 94-7.

The principal goal of data mining can be described as finding useful information in a vast amount of data. The recent appearance of sources of huge heterogeneous data made it difficult to use, As people are getting more and more online, their privacy is at stake; so web technologies should be idle with user profiles can be maintained. In this paper, presents sound and complete SHEN scheme for the web sponsored consortium on the support of data mining in business today. Based on this scheme, we construct a condensed representation of all frequent item sets; this scheme is not restricted to HTTP only. It can also be used among other internet services. This scheme allows the client to send certificate for authentication by using Secure Sockets Layer. This scheme is simpler but rather more secure than the Spyglass proposal; in particular the scheme is secure against a person-in-the-middle attack. We also present connections between our proposals and recent other proposals for condensed representations of frequent item sets. Experiments on real-life datasets show the effectiveness of the SHEN scheme.

7 illus, 7 ref

014270   R Rishi;Singla K;Singh A (Computer Science & Engineering Dep, Technological Institute of Textile and Science, Bhiwani-127 021) : Mobile adhoc networks challenges, appliccations & their routing protocols. Int J Engng Sci Mgmt 2011, 1(1), 20-5.

As the popularity of mobile devices (MDs) and wireless networks significantly increased over the past years, wireless ad hoc networks has now become one of the most vibrant and active fields of communication and networking research. A MANET (Mobile Ad-hoc Network) is a collection of wireless nodes that can dynamically form a network to exchange information without using any preexisting fixed network infrastructure. In order to facilitate communication within the network, a routing protocol is used to discover routes between nodes. Due to severe challenges, the special features of MANET bring this technology great opportunistic together. This paper describes the fundamental problems of ad hoc network by giving its related research background including the concept, features, status, and applications of MANET. This paper presents an overview and the comparative study of the routing protocols. Also include the several challenging issues and the future work.

13 ref

014269   Pal U;Tripathy N (Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, Kolkata-700 108, Email: umapada@isical.ac.in) : Contour distance-based approach for multi-oriented and multi-sized character recognition. Sadhana 2009, 34(5), 755-65.

In this paper, authors propose a novel scheme towards the recognition of multi-oriented and multi-sized isolated characters of printed script. For recognition, at first, distances of the outer contour points from the centroid of the individual characters are calculated and these contour distances are then arranged in a particular order to get size and rotation invariant feature. Next, based on the arranged contour distances, the features are derived from different class of characters. Finally, we use these derived features of the characters to statistically compare the features of the input character for recognition. We have tested our scheme on printed Bangla and Devnagari multi-oriented characters and we obtained encouraging results.

9 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

014268   Lakshmi Sarada G;Lakshmi A;Murthy H A; Nagarajan T (Computer Science Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036221-33) : Automatic transcription of continuous speech into syllable-like units for Indian languages. Sadhana 2009, 34(2), 221-33.

The focus of this paper is to automatically segment and label continuous speech signal into syllable-like units for Indian languages. In this approach, the continuous speech signal is first automatically segmented into syllable-like units using group delay based algorithm. Similar syllable segments are then grouped together using an unsupervised and incremental training (UIT) technique. Isolated style HMM models are generated for each of the clusters during training. During testing, the speech signal is segmented into syllable-like units which are then tested against the HMMs obtained during training. This results in a syllable recognition performance of 42.6% and 39.94% for Tamil and Telugu. A new feature extraction technique that uses features extracted from multiple frame sizes and frame rates dur-ing both training and testing is explored for the syllable recognition task. This results in a recognition performance of 48.7% and 45.36%, for Tamil and Telugu respec-tively. The performance of segmentation followed by labelling is superior to that of a flat start syllable recogniser (27.8% and 28.8% for Tamil and Telugu respectively).

5 tables, 25 ref

014267   Klein G (Sydney Research Laboratory, NICTA, Australia, Email: gerwin.klein@com.au) : Operating system verification - an overview. Sadhana 2009, 34(1), 27-69.

Gives a high-level introduction to the topic of formal, interactive, machine-checked software verification in general, and the verification of operating systems code in particular. We survey the state of the art, the advantages and limitations of machine-checked code proofs, and describe two specific ongoing larger-scale verification projects in more detail.

10 illus, 166 ref

014266   Geuvers H (Institute of Computing and Information Science, Faculty of Science, Radbhoud Nijmegen Univ, P.O. Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands, Email: herman@cs.ru.nl) : Proof assistants: history, ideas and future. Sadhana 2009, 34(1), 3-25.

Discusses the fundamental ideas behind proof assistants: What are they and what is a proof anyway? I give a short history of the main ideas, emphasizing the way they ensure the correctness of the mathematics formalized. I will also briefly discuss the places where proof assistants are used and how we envision their extended use in the future. While being an introduction into the world of proof assistants and the main issues behind them, this paper is also a position paper that pushes the further use of proof assistants. We believe that these systems will become the future of mathematics, where definitions, statements, computations and proofs are all available in a computerized form. An important application is and will be in computer supported modelling and verification of systems. But there is still a long road ahead and I will indicate what we believe is needed for the further proliferation of proof assistants.

2 illus, 2 tables, 74 ref

014265   Dalal P;Jitender Kumar (NO, Maharshi Markandeshwer Univ, Mullana, Ambala, Email: pdalal81@gmail.com) : Transport layer protocols for wireless adhoc network. Int J Engng Sci Mgmt 2011, 1(1), 98-101.

MANETs can be differentiated by multi-hop and, constantly changing topology. While mobile ad hoc networks have no fixed infrastructure, their use is also being regarded as an augmentation to the Internet. These Network uses radio frequency as their physical medium for communication. Transmission Control Protocol (TCP) is a transport layer protocol and is planned for a wired network that handles network congestion successfully. It is end-to-end connection oriented transport layer protocol that gives byte stream based service. TCP is transports a considerable segment of Internet transmission such as e-mail (SMTP) file transfers (FTP) and WWW (HTTP). Thus, the use of TCP,is mobile ad hoc networks is clearly advantageous. Because of their defining characteristics (e.g., time varying, dynamic, multi-hop, and, constantly changing topology), mobile ad hoc networks may have link failures resulting in poor performance of TCP congestion control, When TCP is executed over Wireless Network, the loss will due to the unreliable nature of wireless link rather than by congestion. But, TCP believes that the loss is due to congestion and responds by congestion control algorithm which degrades throughput, delay, and finalizing with useless bandwidth operation. There are some problems in making a transport layer protocol for wireless Network like induced traffic, induced throughput unfairness, separation of congestion control, reliability, and flow control etcetera. There are some processes for transport layer solution that are based on the two approaches can be classified into three groups (1) End-to-end approach, (2) Split approach, and (3)and other protocols that are not based on TCP. These schemes are compared and a complete detail is generated in this paper.

2 illus, 14 ref

014264   Asperti A;Ricciotti W;Sacerdoti Coen C;Tassi E (Computer Science Dep, Bologna Univ, Italy, Email: asperti,ricciott,sacerdot,tassi@cs.unibo.it) : Compact kernel for the calculus of inductive constructions. Sadhana 2009, 34(1), 71-144.

Describes the new kernel for the Calculus of Inductive Con-structions (CIC) implemented inside the Matita Interactive Theorem Prover. The design of the new kernel has been completely revisited since the first release, result-ing in a remarkably compact implementation of about 2300 lines of OCaml code. The work is meant for people interested in implementation aspects of Interactive Provers, and is not self contained. In particular, it requires good acquaintance with Type Theory and functional programming languages.

1 illus, 2 tables, 37 ref

014263   Alkassar E;Bogan S;Paul W J (Computer Science Dep, Saarland Univ, 66123 Saarbrucken, Germany, Email: eyad,sebastian, wjp@wjpserver.cs.uni-sb.de) : Proving the correctness of client/server software. Sadhana 2009, 34(1), 145-91.

Remote procedure calls (RPCs) lie at the heart of any client/server software. Thus, formal specification and verification of RPC mechanisms is a pre-requisite for the verification of any such software. In this paper, we present a math-ematical specification of an RPC mechanism and we outline how to prove the cor-rectness of an implementation - say written in C - of this mechanism at the code level. We define a formal model of user processes running concurrently under a sim-ple operating system, which provides inter-process communication and portmapper system calls. A simple theory of non-interference permits us to use conventional sequential program analysis between system calls (within the concurrent model). An RPC mechanism is specified and the correctness proof for server implementa-tions, using this mechanism, is outlined. To the best of our knowledge this is the first treatment of the correctness of an entire RPC mechanism at the code level.

4 illus, 68 ref

013125   Jana A;Srivastava S C;Kumar V;Roy N (NO, , ) : Development of a networked patient call system for BARC hospital. BARC Newsl 2010, (NULL), 48-9.

Information systems do not usually incorporate public serving interfaces, to obviate the necessity of physical queues. This is because information systems and queuing systems address two entirely unconnected domains. The requirements of queuing and load balancing for serving the public faster and efficiently can be quite complex. The token indication systems available in the market are generally stand alone, bulky and are generally not designed to cater to complex queuing requirements. The hardware (already available owing to requirements of Information system) could be synergically utilized, to provide complex queuing solutions, through networking while such a solution remains a separate entity from the information system. On these lines we have developed a patient call system for BARe Hospital and installed a prototype system at the Surgical Unit.

3 illus

013124   Jadhav U S;Jange S (NO, KVAFSU, Veterinary College, Bidar, Karnataka) : Usage of on-line resources at Karnataka Veterinary, Animal and Fishery Sciences University Library, (India). Indian J agric Libr Inf Serv 2010, 26(1-2), 52-7.

Today availability of on-line resources in a university library is very common. But their proper and maximum use is a matter for discussion. The present paper examines the existence of various on-line-resource databases in Karnataka Veterinary, Animal & Fishery Sciences University Library. The study also highlights the preferences and importance of online resources among the teachers and research scholars.

13 tables, 3 ref

013123   Gupta S;Ravi Kumar;Sharma N (Dr Y S Parmar University of Horticulture and Forestry, , Solan) : Wireless networking: technical aspects. Indian J agric Libr Inf Serv 2010, 26(1-2), 95-9.

The wireless fidelity (Wi-Fi) technology provides wireless access to both the Internet and Intranet, enabling access to network-based campus services from your personal notebook computer or PDA, without being plugged into a network wall jack. Users are free to roam within zones without the worry of losing their connection. The technology allows inter building connectivity, which enables computers to send and receive data sitting anywhere within the range of the base stations or access points. The Wi-Fi technology enable to build a network for the campus community that is highly available, capable, and scalable. Wireless communication, WLAN standards, devices, topologies and security issues are been discussed.

8 ref

013122   Dubey R K (Mathematics & Computer Applications Dep, Government Science College, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh-486 001, Email: rkdubey2004@yahoo.co.in) : Approximation by operators involving jacobi poloynomials and nagy matrix. Proc Natn Acad Sci India-Sect A 2009, 79(PtIII), 303-6.

Denotes by X^p_α,β, (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) the space of all p-power (1 ≤ p ≤ ∞) lebesgue integrable functions on R with weight function w(x) = (1 - x)^α (1 + x)^β for -1 ≤ x ≤ 1 and zero otherwise. Again for p = (∞, authors assume f is continuous. A linear operator u_n (f, x, x) pertaining to matrix transforms of Fourier-Jacobi expansion is constructed to approximate the function f(x) on R.

8 ref

012042   Rastogi R P;Mathur P (Chemistry Dep, Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, Email: rprastogi@yahoo.com) : Complex dynamics in systems involving both cross catalytic and autocatalytic processes. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 2009, 75(4), 159-65.

In this communication, the effect of interrelation between cross catalysis and autocatalytic processes on the nature of attractorhas been investigated. Rossler's model for deterministic chaos has been modified by inclusion of cross-catalysis. With this slight change in the model, the nature of attractors differs, although chaos is observed in the definite range of values of parameters. In contrast with earlier models involving two autocatalytic processes, attempt has been made to analyse the situation when three autocatalytic processes involving the three variables x, y and z and when (i) there is cross-catalysis and (ii) there is no cross catalysis. Deterministic chaos is still observed in such cases. However, characteristics of the attractor differ which have been specified.

5 illus, 8 ref

012041   Osadciw l;Veeramachaneni K;Gao W;Kamath G (NO, Electrical Engineering and Computer Science Syracuse Univ, NY - 13244, Email: laosadci@syr.edu) : Intelligent optimization techniques making practical emergency responder sensor networks. Opsearch 2009, 46(2), 246-58.

Swarm intelligence algorithms are developed to solve different aspect of the complex "First Responder Sensor Network" for emergency personnel. Swarm intelligence algorithms can solve both design problems as well as real-time processing problems. In this paper, two particle swarm optimization algorithms are developed to solve a complex design problem and, for contrast, multilateration, a real-time signal-processing problem. A novel signal design technique is developed to design an ultra-wideband signal that supports communications as well as estimating location inside buildings and in hazardous conditions where GPS is unavailable. With the real-time processing in this network, propagation time is measured so that the location is estimated by a multilateration algorithm. The PSO based multilateration algorithm fuses time measurements from three or more sensors to locate a person in a two coordinate system.

6 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

012040   Misra S (Computer Engineering Dep, Atilim Univ, Ankara, Turkey) : Metric for global software development environment. Proc Indian Natn Sci Acad 2009, 75(4), 145-58.

Unit testing is one of the most effective techniques to find defects at an early stage, which reduces the testing and maintenance efforts exponentially at the later phase. It becomes more important when the environment is global software development, where the software developers are disparate over the different environments and places. In this paper, we suggest to apply cognitive weight complexity metric (CWCM) for unit testing in a global software development environment. On the contrary, to the other metrics, CWCM calculates the cognitive complexity of the code and is a language independent complexity measure. Cognitive complexity plays an important role in understanding the fundamental characteristics of software, therefore directly affects the understandability and maintainability of software systems. The CWCM is theoretically evaluated against Weyuker's proposed set of measurement principles and is found to satisfy seven Weyuker's properties. The empirical validation and practical applicability of the proposed metric is evaluated by test cases, comparative study and through a framework.

8 illus, 5 tables, 42 ref

012039   Kalyanpur A;Singh J;Bedi R (NO, , Plot No, 7G, Opp Graphite India, Whitefield, Bangalore-560 048, Email: arjun.kalyanpur@telradsol.com) : Practical issues in picture archiving and communication system and networking. Indian J Radiol Imag 2010, 20(1), 2-5.

Picture Archiving and Communication System (PACS) is a key workflow tool in the functioning of radiology departments worldwide, today, and its utilization is rapidly growing in India. The key challenges in PACS implementation are related to vendor and feature selection, integration with the existing HIS, user training, maintenance and scalability to meet increasing demands. Additionally, the networking requirements that PACS imposes on hospital networks are not insignificant. This article attempts to review these issues from the standpoint of what a prospective or new user needs to know.

2 illus, 9 ref

012038   Joshi H D (Computer Science Dep, Rollwala Computer Centre, Gujarat Univ, Ahmedabad, Email: hirenjoshirajkot@yahoo.com) : The complete biometric system. Prajna 2010, 18(1-4), 76-9.

The Complete Biometric System is a biometric facilitated third-party authentication system. It tries to address most of the major issues faced by current biometric industry. This paper describes a system that hides all the complexities of biometrics and provides biometric technology, vendor and platform independent authentication. It also introduces two new ideas: many-to-many mapping reduces the Total Cost of Ownership (TCO) while Device-Hierarchy implement in depth security. It achieves biometric vendor, technology and platform independence through the BioAPI specification (the Defacto standard for Biometrics). However it sets it sights far beyond the BioAPI. The system is able to overcome the issues relating to integration of biometrics in an enterprise level network which is one of the biggest problems faced by the biometric industry. It is also designed to provide a simple development environment that does not require complex data structures, pointers and memory management inherent to the BioAPI.

4 illus, 9 ref

012037   Jindal V;Dharmaraja S (Mathematics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Delhi, Email: dharmar@maths.iitd.ac.in) : Call processing delay analysis in cellular networks: a quening model approach. Opsearch 2009, 46(3), 289-302.

Mobile devices generates a call request message while initiating a call, which is then sent to a base station (BS). A BS processes a call request message and then takes a decision of acceptance or rejection for the call. It is important to analyze the total time, which includes the waiting time and the processing time, spent by a call request message in the system. For if, this time is greater than the permissible delay, call will be blocked. Hence, the quality of service is degraded which is not acceptable to the service providers. Further, failures (hardware and software related) and their recovery increase the delay. With this background, in this paper, we present queuing models for the analysis of delay experienced by a call request message for two cases: first, services of BS are not interrupted and second, services are interrupted due to the occurrence of failures at the BS. In the end, we discuss special cases of proposed queuing models based on the distribution of the processing times.

3 illus, 10 ref

012036   Awad M M (NO, National Council for Scientific Research, Centre for remote Sensing P., Beirut, Lebanon, 11072260) : Optimization of GIS analysis using hybrid genetic algorithm. Opsearch 2009, 46(2), 238-45.

Geographic information system (GIS) analysis is used to help in rinding solutions for the most important geographical issues. Several programming techniques and methods are used to produce optimal solutions for GIS analysis. One of these techniques is the Solver in Microsoft Excel (MS Excel) which adjusts the values in the Excel sheet cells to produce an optimal result. Hybrid genetic algorithm (HGA) which is a combination of genetic algorithm and Hill-climbing technique is an important optimization method to solve many combinatorial problems such as GIS analysis problems. The solutions provided by HGA are better than the one obtained by any linear programming tool such as the Solver in MS Excel. The Solver produces one solution, which is most of the time not an optimal solution and leads to wrong GIS analysis. In order to prove this idea, several sites are selected as wildlife habitat locations in Lebanon using GIS analysis software, then HGA and the Solver are compared to find the maximum area for a wildlife habitat with the lowest cost of managing the habitat. This comparison proved that HGA finds many optimal solutions for wild life habitat locations better than the solution produced by MS Excel Solver. In addition, the cost provided by HGA is always similar or less than the cost of Solver solution.

3 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

011007   Visumathi J;Shumuganathan K L (CSE Dep, Jeppiaar Engineering College, Chennai, Email: jsvisu@gmail.com) : Computational intelligence for evaluation of intrusion detection system. Indian J Sci Technol 2011, 4(1), 40-5.

Intrusion detection system work at many levels in the network fabric and are taking the concept of security to a whole new sphere by incorporating intelligence as a tool to protect networks against un-authorized intrusions and newer forms of attack. Intrusion detection system is one of the widely used tools for defense in computer networks. In literature, plenty of research is published on Intrusion detection systems. In this paper we present a survey of intrusion detection systems. We survey the existing types, techniques and approaches of intrusion detection systems in the literature. We propose a new architecture for intrusion detection system and outline the present research challenges and issues in intrusion detection system using SVM classifiers. Finally we carry out our experiments based on our proposed methodology using DARPA (Defense advanced research projects agency) intrusion detection data set which is used for IDS evaluation.

3 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

011006   Vasishta S (NO, PEC Technology Univ, Chandigarh-460 012, Email: seema313@gmail.com) : Assessment of academic research output during 1996-2009: a case study of PEC University of Technology, Chandigarh. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 136-42.

The study investigates the contribution and impact of research output of PEC University of Technology as reflected in its publications covered in Scopus international multidisciplinary database. The study describes the broad characteristics of research publications of PEC during 1996-2009, its growth, format, media of communication, national and international collaboration profile and overall citation impact, distribution of research output and impact under broad subjects and under different subject departments, most productive authors, and highly cited papers. It also compares publications output and citation impact of PEC with select similar neighbouring engineering institutions.

11 tables, 8 ref

011005   Patkar V (NO, , D-1, Anita C.H.S., Plot 612, Sector 6, Charkop, Kandivali (West), Mumbai-400 0167, Email: vnpatkar2004@yahoo.co.in) : Passage to ontology tool for information organisation in the digital age. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 90-102.

To facilitate access to relevant documents and information has been the core of the library and information science (LIS) profession. In this regard tools like classification, cataloguing, and indexing formed the basis of library practice for a long time. These served particularly well for the material that was predominantly in the print form and required physical location for storage. New information sources, however, in contrast are increasingly in the electronic or digital form and stored on medium like computer hard disks requiring completely different strategy for access and management. Extension of the traditional bibliographic control tools as well as construction of new tools has therefore become pertinent. Ontology is one of the latest tools in this context. The paper discusses progress of information organising tools culminating in ontology, highlights the commonality of the concept of ontology and its applications among the fields of philosophy, computer science and LIS. It also discusses the select features of ontology development in practice and directions for features of ontology development in practice and directions for further work.

3 illus, 1 table, 43 ref

011004   Krishnamuthry M;Rajashekara H M (Documentation Research and Training Centre, Indian Statistical Institute, Bengaluru-560 059, Email: mkrishna_murthy@hotmail.com) : Current trends in wireless technologies in academic libraries. J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(1), 41-8.

Wireless communication is the transfer of information over a distance without the use of wires. Wireless communication is generally considered to be a branch of telecommunications. Wireless operations permit services, such as long-range communications that are impossible or impractical to implement using wires. Wireless communication brings fundamental changes to data networking and telecommunications, and makes integrated networks a reality. Wireless networks focus on networking and user aspects. Network architecture for personal communication systems, wireless LANs, radio, tactical and other wireless networks, and design and analysis of protocols are addressed on a regular basis. At present, the major application of Wi-Fi implementation in libraries is limited to information management. This paper elaborates the Wi-Fi in detail about the components, functions, area of applications, issues, and challenges.

^iia1 illus, 6 ref

011003   Khoo C S G;Na J C;Wang V W;Chan S (Wee Kim Wee School of Communiciation & Information, Nanyang Technological Univ, Nanyang) : Developing an ontology for encoding disease treatment information in medical abstracts. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 103-15.

A disease-treatment ontology is being developed to model and represent treatment information found in medical abstracts. Treatment information extracted from medical abstracts and medical articles can then be encoded in this ontology and used for information retrieval, question-answering, summarisation and knowledge discovery. This paper explains the initial version of the ontology developed based on an analysis of 50 medical abstracts on colon cancer therapy retrieved from the Medline database. The ontology divides disease-treatment information into five classes-disease, treatment, condition, effect, and evidence. The sub-classes, properties and instances of these main classes are discussed with examples.

7 illus, 1 table, 32 ref

011002   Gupta B M;Har Kaur;Adarsh Bala (NO, National Institute of Science, Technology & Development Studies, New Delhi-110 012, Email: bmgupta1@gmail.com) : Mapping of Indian diabetes research during 1999-2008: a scientometric analysis of publications output. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 143-52.

This study analyses the India research output in diabetes during 1999-2008 on several parameters including its growth, rank and global publications share, citation impact, overall share of international collaborative papers, and share of major collaborative partners. It also analyses the characteristics of most productive institutions, authors, and highly-cited papers. The publications output, impact and collaborative publication share of India is also compared with China, South Korea and Brazil.

8 tables, 12 ref

011001   Gokhale P;Deokattey S;Bhanumurthy K (NO, Mumbai Univ, Kalina, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (East), Mumbai-400 098) : Ontology development methods. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 77-83.

An ontology defines a common vocabulary for researchers who need to share information in a specific domain. It includes interoperability of basic concepts in the domain and relations among them. The present paper takes a brief overview of different tools and methods for developing ontologies, their relationship with artificial intelligence, followed by a review of literature on the same. Method for developing an ontology on energy amplifiers is discussed in brief.

2 tables, 46 ref

011000   Giri K (NO, Don Bosco Institute of Technology, Mumbai-680651, Email: kaushal.giri@gmail.com) : Role of ontology in semantic web. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 116-20.

The present generation of computers is changing from single isolated devices to entry points into a worldwide network of information exchange. Therefore, support in the exchange of data, information, and knowledge is becoming the key issue in computer technology today. The increasing volume of data available on the Web makes information retrieval a tedious and difficult task. Researchers are now exploring the possibility of creating a semantic Web, in which meaning is made explicit, allowing machines to process and integrate Web resources intelligently. The vision of the semantic Web introduces the next generation of the Web by establishing a layer of machine-understandable data. The success of the semantic Web crucially depends on the easy creation, integration and use of semantic data, which will depend on building an ontology. This paper states the role of ontology in supporting information exchange process, particulary with semantic Web.

1 illus, 10 ref

010999   Ghosh D N;Koushik Ghosh (Mathematics Dep, Dr. B. C. Roy Engineering College, Durgapur-713 206) : Detection and analysis of peaks in monthly data of sunspot numbers. Indian J Theor Phys 2008, 56(3), 169-74.

Features like peaks constitute one of the simpler anomalies in periodic signals ; they do riot alter signal periodicity and can be easily characterized by a set of consistent methods. We have analyze the monthly sunspot data from January 1749 to February 2005 to search for its periodicity by the method of Rayleigh power spectrum analysis and the peaks obtained by this method are further analyzed by Integral method in order to determine their confidence levels.

2 illus, 10 ref

010998   Deshpande N J;Kumhar R (NO, DLIS, Pune Univ, Maharashtra-411 007, Email: njdeshpande@unipune.ac.in) : Construction and applications of ontology: recent trends. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 84-9.

The purpose of ontology is to achieve inter-operability by providing a common terminology and understanding of a given domain of interest, which in turn allows for the assignment of clear meaning to learning object. Ontologies are used in artificial intelligence, biomedical informatics, library science, chemistry and many other subjects. The purpose of this paper is to make the library professionals alert about the literature published on ontology and applications of ontology.

42 ref

010997   Baikady M R;Mudhol M V (Health Sciences Library, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal Univ, Manipal-576 104, Email: baikadi@yahoo.com) : Web as a learning resource at the medical college libraries in coastal Karnataka: perception of faculty and students. DESIDOC J Libr Inf Technol 2011, 31(2), 121-35.

Web resources have exploded in popularity and use and have lead to innovations in learning, teaching, clinical practice, and patient care. Availability of Web resources has changed what medical faculty and students actually read and use. However, little research has been done to find out medical faculty and students' perception about the Web resources in the medical college libraries. The main aim of this paper was to investigate the perception of Web as a learning resource by the faculty members and postgraduate students in medical college libraries of Coastal Karnataka. A questionnaire-based survey of six medical college libraries in Coastal Karnataka was conducted. The results show that respondents prefer using the Web more to the traditional library. They perceived that Web contains exhaustive knowledge and is easy to use.

9 tables, 13 ref

010020   Santra A (NO, Infosys Technologies Ltd, 129, Nakshatra, Balapur, Keshavgiri PO, Hyderabad-500 005) : New approach for estimation of software testing process based on software requirements. J scient ind Res 2010, 69(10), 746-9.

Study presents a new approach for estimation of software testing process based on software requirements. It is an initial input in software development life cycle (SDLC). Proposes a more reliable and simpler approach for estimating software testing process in application software built in object-oriented (OO) technology.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

010019   Mathankar M K;Kolhekar S R;Pandharikar N S (NO, Govt. Vidarbha Institute of Science & Humanities, Amravati, Maharashtra) : Sequential pattern mining with progressive database. Vidarbha J Sci 2010, 5(3-4), 31-7.

Database mining is motivated by the decision support problem faced by most large retail organizations. Development of bar-code technology has made able retail organizations to collect and store massive amounts of sales data, referred to as the basket data. A record in such data typically consists of the transaction date and the items bought in the transaction. Very often, data records also contain customer-id, particularly when the purchase has been made using a credit card or a frequent-buyer card. A sequence database consists of sequences of ordered elements or events, recorded with or without a concrete notion of time. There are many applications involving sequence data. In this paper we have presented an application of data mining on shop database. This warehoused database is mined using PISA, which stands for Progressive mining of Sequential patterns algorithms whose results can be utilized for decision making.

2 illus, 10 ref

010018   Bhargava M (Professional & Continuing Studies Dep, Chestnut Hill College, Philadelphia, PA, USA, Email: mbhibiscusrosa_1998@yahoo.com) : E-learning in emerging nations and experiences in using various E-learning technologies. Indian Surveyor 2010, 64(1), 81-7.

According to research, it seems the existing 19th century educational institutions and the educational teaching and learning approaches may not be effective and enough for this 21st century global and digital society to bring about a meaningful learning environment. The author feels, keeping this aim in mind technology driven approaches have driven changes in the teaching and learning approaches. It seems to bring about a revolution in the way we learn and teach. In the author's opinion and experience, e-learning and innovations in educational technology would able to change the face of educational institutions in the years to come as can already be seen in this century. However, the author feels there are certain limitations in terms of infrastructure; teaching methodologies and access to innovative educational technologies which cannot be ignored. Is it the innovation in lectures or is it the technology driven educational approach responsible for pedagogical innovation seems to form the argument.

9 ref