015613   Kirti J S;Singh H;Singh N (Zoology & Environmental Sciences Dep, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002, Email: nsgill007@gmail.com) : Morphotaxonomy of two species of genus Sarbanissa walker (Noctuidae: Lepidoptera). J ent Res 2014, 38(4), 319-22.

Morphotaxonomy of two species of genus Sarbanissa Walker, S. albifascia (Walker) and S. longipennis (Walker) is discussed in this communication.

2 illus, 8 ref

015612   Kirti J S;Saxena A;Singh N (Zoology & Environmental Sciences Dep, Punjabi University, Patiala-147 002, Email: nsgill007@gmail.com) : Taxonomic studies on three species of genus Sarcinodes guenee (Lepidoptera: Geometridae: Oenochrominae). J ent Res 2014, 38(4), 323-6.

External male genitalia of three species of genus Sarcinodes Guenee, viz. S. debitaria (Walker), S. aequilinearia (Walker) and S. lilacina Moore have been described and photographed for the first time.

2 illus, 15 ref

015611   Jadhav T D;Mohite S A (Fisheries Biology Dep, College of Fisheries Biology, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra) : On ova-diameter study in the horse mackerel, Megalaspis cordyla (linnaeus, 1758) along the south-west coast of India. Asian J Anim Sci 2013, 8(1), 16-19.

Horse mackerel, Megalaspis cordyla (Linnaeus, 1758) is a migratory pelagic species, found in abundance along the south west coast of India. Monthly distribution of maturity stages showed that the spawning season of M. cordyla starts from May-August to January with peak spawning during May to October. Total 300 ovaries were studied using the ova diameter measurements for a period of one year. In present study, the ova-diameter ranged between 0.2 to 0.82 mm. with the largest ova recorded during May - October and the smallest during December. The peak spawning season was recorded during April - October for M. cordyla. The observations corresponded to the ovarian development in this fish.

4 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

015610   Hegde G (NO, Veterinary Dispensary, Salkani, Sirsi, Uttarakannada, Karnataka, Email: g.hegdevet@gmail.com) : Mortality pattern of infectious bursal disease in commercial layer poultry farms. Asian J Anim Sci 2013, 8(1), 58-60.

Infectious bursal disease (IBD) is a highly contagious viral disease of great economic importance in layer poultry causing a mortality rate of up to 30%. Hence, a study on the mortality pattern of this disease was undertaken. The data on mortality due to IBD alone and mixed infections with Newcastle disease, Colibacillosis and Coccidiosis according to the season and age was recorded. The results revealed that the mortality due to IBD alone and mixed infections was significantly (P<0.01) higher during summer and between the age group of 7-8 weeks.

2 tables, 13 ref

015609   Gollapudi V K;Vardhani V V (Zoology and Aquaculture Dep, AcharyaNagarjuna Univ, Nagarjunanagar, Guntur-522 510, Email: vinodkumargollapudi@gmail.com) : Effect of ancylostomiasis on liver protein, amino acids and GST (glutathione - S - transferase) level in male swiss Albino mice. Bioscan 2013, 8(2), 459-62.

Level of total protein, amino acids and GST (Glutathione -S- transferase) was estimated in the liver of male Swiss albino mice infected with various single doses (group A, ₅₀0 dose; group B, 1000 dose and group C, 2000 dose) of infective larvae of Ancylostoma caninumon day 1, 4, 9, 16 and 30 after infection. The level of liver protein was significantly increased in all the three groups (A, B and C) of mice when compared with control groups (a, b and c) on day 1, 4, 9, 16 and 30 of infection with a peak response on day 16 of infection (in all the three groups); in groups A, B and C, there was a sudden decline of liver protein on day 30 (still higher than control). Significant increase of amino acids and GST was found from day 1 to 30 in all the 3 groups of mice. The highest level of amino acids and GST was recorded on day 16 in mice of groups A and C and on day 9 in mice of group B. Increase of liver protein, amino acids and GST in infected mice indicates the occurrence of oxidative stress in hepatocytes due to infection which might be causing abnormality in energy metabolism.

3 tables, 31 ref

015608   Deshmukh U S;Iram F;Joshi M S (Zoology Dep, Government Vidarbha Institute of Science and Zoology, Amravati-444 603, Email: ujjwaladeshmukh@rediffmail.com) : Effect of acute exposure of glyphosate herbicide, on wistar rats with reference to haematology and biochemical analysis. Bioscan 2013, 8(2), 381-3.

Herbicides have been used tremendously worldwide to control the unwanted herbs or weeds. Herbicides are synthetic compounds having the ability to inhibit the growth of plant or to kill it. Directly or indirectly these herbicides enters to our body, through accumulated in fruits, grains and water, or accidentally. Rats were exposed to oral dose of LD 50 of Glyphosate for 7 days (4000 mg/kg body weight) to study haematological and biochemical alterations, it shows that Roundup interferes with blood components altering their basic composition, Significant increase in RBC count, significant decrease in the Hb% and TLC also causing alterations in metabolism, significant increase were found in alkaline phosphatase, total proteins, glucose etc.

2 tables, 8 ref

015607   Chennaiah K;Sivasankar R;Subahan M;Sugunankar Y J (Zoology Dep, Sri Venkateswara Univ, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, Email: chennaiahk@gmail.com) : Impact of agrimin and fishmin on the aspects of protein metabolic frofiles in different fish species. Asian J Anim Sci 2013, 8(1), 1-6.

Study is aimed at investigating the effect of selective synthetic feed like agrimin and fishmin on protein metabolic profiles of the cultivable fish species like Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrhinus mrigala. The fishes selected for the study were divided into two groups viz., control group and experimental group:age, two years. The control group of fishes were fed with control feed i.e. groundnut cake and rice bran. The experimental group of fishes were further divided into two groups, agrimin and fishmin which were commercially available, have been selected for the study. The first group of experimental fish were fed with control feed mixed with agrimin. The second group of experimental fish were fed with control feed mixed with fishmin. The two groups of experimental fish were fed twice a day at 10 a.m. and at 5 p.m. The exposure period selected for the study was 30 days. After 30 days, the fishes were killed and isolated the tissues like muscle and liver at 40°C and estimated the total proteins, free amino acids and proteases. Protease activity was found to be more in the liver tissue. In agrimin and fishmin fed fish species, the muscle and liver showed more per cent elevations of their total protein content. Agrimin or fishmin treatment enhanced the fish muscle and liver protease content and all the changes were found to be statistically significant over their corresponding control values.

3 tables, 25 ref

015606   Bhat F A;Balkhi M H;Najar A M;Yousuf A R (Fishery Biology Div, Faculty of Fisheries, SKUAST-Kashmir-190 006, Email: fabhat_fb@yahoo.com) : Distribution pattern, density and morphometric characteristics of Schizothoracines (snow trouts) in Lidder river, Kashmir. Bioscan 2013, 8(2), 563-9.

During present study three Schizothoracines viz Schizothorax plagiostomus, S. esocinus and S. labiatus (snow trouts) were found to be inhabiting the Lidder river along with Salmo trutta fario, Crosscheilus diplochilus, Glyptosternon reticulatum and Triplophysa kashmirensis. The study was carried at three Zones (upstream, midstream and downstream) of varied topography and physical characteristics. The distributional pattern of these Schizothoracines varied at different zones though present throughout the year. S. plagiostomus was the dominant fish in the River, upstream the number of fishes of all the three Schizothorax species was low but the specimens were heavier and older and the trend was reverse downstream. Triplophysa kashmirensis and C. diplochilus were recorded only in the downstream of the River. Salmo trutta fario and G. reticulatum were present in the midstream and upstream only. The value of "n' in Schizothoracine fishes fluctuated between 2.9467 and 3.0997. The maximum caudal fin length, head length, maximum body depth with respect to total length was observed in S. plagiostomus, S. esocinus and S. labiatus respectively. The variations in various morphometric parameters of the three species were statistically significant. Based on geographical characteristics and bio-ecological nature, the Lidder can be divided into upper trout zone and the lower carp zone.

2 illus, 2 tables, 57 ref

015605   Balakrishna D;Mahesh T;Reddy T R (Zoology Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, Email: dhathrika@gmail.com ) : Physico-chemical properties of nagaram lake, Warangal, Andhra Pradesh, India. Asian J Anim Sci 2013, 8(1), 48-51.

In the present investigation an attempt has been made for analysis of various physicochemical parameters of Nagaram Lake, located in the Nagaram village of Warangal district, Andhra Pradesh., India. It is situated at 18° 05' 12.66" (N) latitude and 79 ° 34' 47.66" (E) longitude. Estimation of all the parameters was done with standard methods of APHA 21st Edn. The study revealed that the lake lead to eutrophication due to sewage contamination, agricultural wastes and human activities of surrounding environment. The present result indicated that total alkalinity, total hardness and phosphate values of this lake were towards the etrophication and not much use of humans and as well as aquatic animals.

1 table, 22 ref

015604   Ahmad A;Gupta N;Saxena A K (Animal Science Dep, M.J.P. Rohilkhand Univ, Bareilly-243 006, Email: guptagrawal@rediffmail.com) : Reproductive system of an ischnoceran species, Ardeicola expallidus infesting cattle egret (Bubulcus ibis). Bioscan 2013, 8(2), 443-6.

Morphological features of reproductive tract of an ischnoceran species Ardeicola expallidus infesting Bubulcus ibis are described. The male reproductive system comprises of a pair of testes, two pairs of very small vasa efferentia, a pair of vasa deferentia, vesicular apparatus and ejaculatory duct. Each testis consists of two elongated (pyriform) follicles which lie on lateral sides in 3rd to 8th abdominal segments, on either side of mid-gut. A thin and short vas efferens arises from the base of each testicular follicle and opens in the vas deferens. The vesicular apparatus is a complex organ incorporating the seminal vesicles and the accessory gland. Posteriorly, it opens into a prominent long tube ductus ejaculatorious. The female reproductive system consists of a pair of ovaries, a pair of lateral oviducts, a median oviduct, a vagina and a spermatheca. Each ovary consists of five polytrophic ovarioles located on either side of the gut in first to fifth abdominal segments. The lateral oviducts lying in V-VI abdominal segments are small thick tubes that connect the ovarioles to the median oviduct. Proximal portion of each lateral oviduct receives the pedicel of all the ovarioles of one side. The vagina is a spacious sac like structure, lying just beneath the hind gut, in the 7th abdominal segment. The point of union between the median oviduct and vagina is marked by the opening of spermathecal duct. The spermatheca is thin walled, sac like, situated dorsally above the median oviduct, opening into a very fine duct (spermathecal duct) terminating on the dorsal side of vagina.

2 illus, 14 ref

014748   Yadav U;Jadhav N (Zoology Dep, Govt P G Madhav Science College, Ujjain, Email: ulka.yadav@gmail.com) : Impact of light and dark exposure on life cycle duration (Days) of Eri silk worm, Philosamia ricini L (Saturniidae: lepidoptera). Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 81-83.

The impact of dark and light exposure on life cycle duration (days) were studied on Eri silk worm (Philosamiaricini) at Zoology Department Govt. P.G. Madhav Science College Ujjain. The diseases free laying (DFL's) were collected from Govt. Sericulture Dept. Indore. Worms were reared under hygienic laboratory conditions. The optimum 25± 2°C temperature and 75±5% Relative humidity were maintained during complete in control, dark (24 hours) and complete light (24hours) condition. The duration of life cycle of the larvae reared in dark was significantly better than the larvae kept in light condition.

12 ref

014747   Vanitharani J;Thomas N;Jeyapraba L;Mercy C; Ponmalar P S;Basil G S (Zoology Dep, Bat Research Laboratory, Sarah Tucker College (Autonomous), Tirunelveli-627 007, Email: jvanitharani@gmail.com) : Inventory message about bat species of Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger reserve (Tamil Nadu, India) through global positioning system (GPS). J theor expl Biol 2013, 10(1-2), 1-20.

The Global Positioning System (GPS) is a space-based satellite navigation system that provides location and time information in all weather conditions, anywhere on or near the Earth where there is an unobstructed line of sight to four or more GPS satellites. The application of GPS brings an inventory message about the distribution, roosting pattern and other behavioral activities of bat species present in Kalakad Mundanthurai Tiger Reserve. GPS distribution data help to manage and give species specific protection. GPS location details of feeding roost from forest interiors help forest managers, in recovery of seeds and seedlings for afforestation and habitat improvement programmes.

3 tables, 35 ref

014746   Vaidya S;Yadav U;Bhouraskar J (Zoology Dep, Microbiology and Bioinformatics Govt P G M V M, Ujjain Madhya Pradesh, Email: svaidya1961@hotmail.com) : Effect of temperature and relative humidity on rearing performances of Eri Silkworm (Philosami aricini). Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 189-96.

Eri Silkworm (Philosamia ricini) is a delicate, domesticated insect which cannot tolerate diurnal and seasonal fluctuations in the environmental condition. The life cycle of silkworm is influenced by bio-ecological stress during larval period. Deviations in humidity and temperature levels below and above certain critical limits affect larval growth and development of Eri silkworm. In present study, several experiments were performed in four temperatures 20±3°C, 24±3°C, 28±3°C and 32±3°C each with three relative humidity 50%, 70% and 90% on rearing of Eri silkworm (Philosamiaricini) to study the effect of temperature and relative humidity on larval, cocoon and grainage parameter.Our findings clearly indicated that the 28±3°C temperature and 70% relative humidity are the best for larval, cocoon and grainage parameter of Eri silkworm (Philosamia ricini).

3 illus, 4 tables, 18 ref

014745   Vaidya S;Yadav U (Zoology Dep, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Govt P G M V M, Ujjain Madhya Pradesh, Email: svaidyal1961@hotmail.com) : Rearing performance of Philosamia ricini (Eri silkworm) in different seasons of Ujjain district. Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 109-13.

India has the unique distinction of being only country producing all the five commercially traded varieties of natural silk namely Mulberry, Eri, Muga, Temperate tasar and Tropical tasar. The silk produced by Philosama ricini is called Eri silk. Eri silk is known as Non Violence silk or Piece silk. It is also said to be Poor Person's silk. The Eri silkworm (Philosamia ricini) is multivoltine, holometabolus, non-mulberry, completely domesticated and feed on castor (Ricinus communis) leaves.We observed the effect of different seasons on rearing performance of Eri silkworm in respect of different larval parameters (larval weight, larval length, ERR% and pupation) and cocoon parameter (cocoon weight, pupae weight, shell weight & shell %). Our findings clearly indicated that the rearing performance of Eri silkworm was better in spring season than winter and autumn season of Ujjain district M.P.

3 tables, 35 ref

014744   Sharma G;Navin Kumar (Zoological Survey of India, Gangetic Plains Regional Centre, Patna-800 026, Email: gopal_dolphinboy@rediffmail.com) : Discovering of a new nesting and breeding colony of the Asian openbill stork (Anastomus oscitans) at Jehanabad, Bihar. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 15-18.

2 illus, 1 table

014743   Sangha G K;Kamalpreet Kaur;Khera K S (Zoology Dep, College of Basic Science Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: sanghagk@hotmail.com) : Cypermethrin induced pathological and biochemical changes in reproductive organs of female rats. J envir Biol 2013, 34(1), 99-105.

Cypermethrin, a synthetic pyrethroid, has broad spectrum use in domestic agriculture, and veterinary applications due to its high bioefficacy, enhanced stability and low mammalian toxicity. The present investigation was performed to investigate the sub acute effects of cypermethrin (25EC) in female rats. Cypermethrin (25EC) at a dose of 50mg kg^{-1body weight (1/5thLD₅₀) was orally given to female rats for 4 weeks. Control rats received similar amount of ground nut oil. Significant decrease in ovarian weight (15.4%) was observed after four weeks of cypermethrin administration while the uterine weight (68.2%) and thickness of myometrium increased at 2 and 4 weeks. Cypermethrin caused degenerative changes in ovary as evidenced by increased follicular atresia and decreased concentration of proteins (38%), lipids (20%), phospholipids (18%) and cholesterol (37%). Acid (49.2%) and alkaline phosphatase (41%) activities were increased while lactate dehydrogenase (37.9%) and 3β-HSDH (31.3%) decreased in treated rat ovary.}

1 illus, 4 tables, 40 ref

014742   Sakthival M;Deivasigamani B;Alagappan K M; Kumaran S;Balamurugan S;Rajasekar T (NO, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: b.deivasigamani@gmail.com) : Seasonal changes in selected immune response of Mystus gulio and Mystus vittatus. J envir Biol 2013, 34(1), 37-42.

Estuaries are considered as highly potential area for that including feeding, spawning and nursery rearing of most of the finfishes and shellfishes. In the present investigation, two species of catfish (M.gulio and M.vittatus) were selected to study the impact of season on their immune organs (kidney and spleen) and selected immune response from Vellar estuary. The physico-chemical parameters (pH, temperature, salinity and rainfall) were measured during the sampling period 2009-10. The non-specific immune parameters (WBC count, lysozyme activity and NBT assay) were analyzed. The immune organs (head-kidney and spleen) variation was also observed by histological studies. Our results stated that the WBCs count of M. gulio and M. vittatus increased during summer (10.3 and 10.1 X 10^{6 ml-1) season and decreased in monsoon (6.8 and 7.0 X 106ml-1). In contrast, lysozyme activity was highest in post monsoon (1540 and 1525 U min-1ml-1) and lowest in summer (1000 and 960 U min-1ml-1). The activity of NBT was highest in monsoon (0.68 and 0.65 at 540 nm) and lowest in summer (0.012 and 0.2 at 540 nm). The histological observation implies that the cell variations were different in respect to different seasons.}

4 illus, 1 table, 31 ref

014741   Reddy K V;Arun Kumar M;Vijay Kumar G (Univ College of Pharmaceutical Science, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal, Telangana, Email: vkgugulothu@gmail.com) : Isradipine enhances the anticonvulsant activity of carbamazepine against mes and ptz induced convulsions in Rats. Int J pharm Sci Res 2015, 6(1), 247-50.

Aim of this study was to investigate the possible anticonvulsant effect of a Dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, Isradipine, which easily crosses the blood-brain barrier displaying high affinity and specificity for the brain L-type voltage-sensitive calcium channel, on maximal electroshock seizures and PTZ induced seizures. The seizures were induced in rats by maximum electroshock method and chemically by pentylenetetrazole (PTZ). Isradipine delayed the onset of action and time of death to 213.21 ± 32.46 seconds and 952.85 ± 9.81 seconds respectively when compared with control in PTZ induces seizures model. The present study indicates that Isradipine showed significant anticonvulsant effect against maximal electroshock and PTZ induced convulsion in rats.

12 ref

014740   Rawat M S;Babita Bantwan;Singh D;Gusain O P (Zoology Dep, Govt P G College, Doiwala, Dehradun, Email: drmsrawat2@yahoo.co.in) : Length-weight relationship and condition factor of brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L) from river Asiganga, Uttarakhand. Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 41-46.

Study was performed to describe length-weight relationship of ecological and commercial important exotic fish brown trout (Salmo trutta fario L.) inhabited in River Asiganga, a tributary of River Bhagirathi. The knowing of length-weight relationship is important because it provides information on the life history of species and an input to the assessment of fishery resource of the region. The length-weight relationship was estimated as: Log W = 0.310 + 3.096 Log L for males, Log W = 0.291 + 3.040 Log L for females and Log W = 0.302 + 3.073 Log L for overall. The coefficient of correlation (r) for the length-weight relationship was estimated 0.985 which showed a high degree of positive correlation between the length and weight of the fish. The condition factor (K) value was estimated highest 1.473±0.694 for the male and 1.357±0.210 for the female sex during winter.

3 illus, 3 tables, 27 ref

014739   Paul N;Ahmad T;Sharma A K (Zoology Dep, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, Email: newton.mymail@gmail.com) : Isolation, identification and biological characterization of Acanthamoeba polyphaga from suspected case of eye patients and its electron microscopy. Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 121-26.

Corneal scrapings and tear drop of 90 patients with suspected cases of keratitis and eye infection attending the Govt. Hospital and rural areas patients of Lucknow city were screened for amoebic pathogens including Acanthamoeba. Of these, 6 (6.66percent) were positive for Acanthamoeba, which fulfilled the criteria for suspecting Acanthamoeba keratitis. These were distributed among all ages with the maximum numbers in the 20-45 year age group. None of the patients were using contact lenses and were mostly agricultural labourers and had recent history of swimming in ponds and river and also associated with water sports. The predisposing factor found in this study was trauma of varying degrees. The result of present study confirmed that Amphizoic amoebae colonized almost every conceivable aquatic habitat. This is alarming signal that shows presence of Amphizoic amoebae. Incidences of infection during warm season have been traced in patients suffering from eye infection. Preventive measures include public awareness and maintenance of water body and adequate chlorination.

4 illus, 33 ref

014738   Nasaran D S;Huxley V A J (Zoology Dep, Biotech Research Laboratory, Thiru. Vi. Ka Government Arts College, Tiruvarur-610 003, Email: aldobiotech@yahoo.com) : Isolation and characterization of pathogenic bacteria infecting cultured Koi carp (Ciprinus carpio). J theor expl Biol 2013, 10(1-2), 49-55.

Present study determines the causative organism of ornamental koi carp Ciprinus carpio bacterial disease; the study also isolated the bacteria and their experimental transmission studies were carried out using standard techniques. The results of biochemical and 16S rRNA studies confirmed that the pathogen which is responsible for these infections are Aeromonas hydrophilla with 1038 nucleotides. The phylogenetic tree clearly displayed that this strain has some close relatives with the earlier strains of Aeromonas jandaei and Aeromonas hydrophila sub sp dhakensis strain.

2 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

014737   Mansour H H;El-Sayed Rifaat Ismael N;Hafez H F (Health Radiation Research Dep, National Center for Radiation Research and Technology, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. Box 29, Nasr City, Cairo, Egypt, Email: hebahosny@hotmail.com) : Ameliorative effect of septilin, an ayurvedic preparation against γ-irradiation-induced oxidative stress and tissue injury in rats. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2014, 51(2), 135-41.

Ionizing radiation is known to induce multiple organ dysfunctions directly related to an increase of cellular oxidative stress, due to overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS). This study was aimed to investigate the effect of septilin (an ayurvedic poly-herbal formulation containing the principal herbs, namely Commiphora wightii, Trinospora cordifolia, Rubia cardifolia, Emblica officinalis, Saussurea lappa and Glycyrrhiza glabra) against whole body γ-irradiation-induced oxidative damage in hepatic and brain tissues in rats. Administration of septilin for 5 days (100 mg/kg) prior to radiation resulted in a significant increase in both superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity and total glutathione (GSH) level in hepatic and brain tissues, while serum high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL) was reduced by γ-irradiation. Also, septilin resulted in a significant decrease in NO(x), nitric oxide and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels in hepatic and brain tissues and a significant decrease in serum triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (LDL) and total cholesterol levels and serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) levels and alkaline phosphatase (ALP), γ-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activities, as well as serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), compared to irradiated group. In conclusion, data obtained from this study indicated that septilin exhibited potential antioxidant activity and showed radioprotective effect against γ-radiation by preventing oxidative stress and scavenging free radicals.

1 illus, 2 tables, 59 ref

014736   Mandal G P (NO, Apterygota Section, Zoological Survey of India, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053, Email: gpmandal.zsi@gmail.com) : First records of collembola from the Birsa Mrig Bihar, Khunti, Jharkhand. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 21-2.

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014735   Maini H (Zoology Dep, Government M.H. College of Home Sc. and Sc., Jabalpur) : Intensity of bi-parental care in some waterbirds of campus area in Jabalpur. Int J Aquatic Sci Technol 2014, 2(1), 1-3.

One of the remarkable similarities between birds and mammals is parental care and endothermy, which are interrelated and enable a parent to control incubation temperature. Bi-parental care in some of the birds was observed for five months from nest building, incubation, chick feeding and chick defence till the young became independent of their parents. The birds observed were identified as Cormorant, Egret and Heron.

2 illus, 7 ref

014734   Kesharwani S (Zoology Dep, Govt (Auto) M.H. College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Phenotypic variations in earlobe attachment of human beings. Int J Aquatic Sci Technol 2014, 2(1), 11-14.

Investigation is aimed to assess the phenotypic variation (due to underlying heritable genetic variation) of ear lobes among human population.

1 illus, 8 ref

014733   Kaleka A P S (Zoology & Environment Science Dep, Punjabi Univ, Patiala-147 002, Email: apskaleka@gmail.com) : Tiger moth diversity of the Jammu & Kashmir State, with entire distributional range (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae). Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 11-14.

15 ref

014732   Kailash Chandra;Kushwaha S (NO, Zoological Survey of India, M Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053) : New records of hemiptera from Ghatigaon Wildlife Sanctuary, Dist. Gwalior, Madhya Pradesh. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 23-4.

1 table, 10 ref

014731   Goswami M;Nagpure N S;Jena J K (NO, National Bureau of Fish Genetic Resources, Canal Ring Road, Dilkusha, Lucknow-226 002, Email: mukugoswami@gmail.com) : Fish cell line repository: and enduring effort for conservation. Curr Sci 2014, 107(5), 738-9.

2 illus, 16 ref

014730   Ghosh S K;Chakraborti U;Roy S;Biswas O;Shah S K;Mitra B (NO, Zooligical Survey of India, New Alipore, M Block, Kolkata-700 053, Email: sujitghosh45@yahoo.com) : New records of some aquatic beetles from Sunderban, West Bengal. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 25.

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014729   Datta J (NO, , 78 Raja Raj Ballav Street, Kolkata-700 003, Email: jayashree.datta@yahoo.co.in) : Correlation between coat colour and behaviour in semi-feral cats. Sci Cult 2014, 80(9-10), 283-6.

Correlation of coat colour and certain behavioural patterns has been studied in 192 semi-feral cats. Of the 5 different categories of coat colour namely,(1) pure black,(2) pure white, (3) black and white, (4) white and yellow, (5) white, yellow and black, the first (pure black) was the wildest (most shy) while category 2 (pure white) was the most tameable. However, pure black once tamed (forcefully), behave rather like a "one man's dog" owing allegiance to the master only and avoiding members of his/her family. Furthermore both category (1) and (2), each comprising only 4% of the total population are basically loners. The majority (49%) of the cats belongs to category (3) (black and white) and these cats are tameable and social among themselves. Categories (4) (white and yellow) and (5)(white, yellow and black) comprise 22% and 21%, respectively of the cat population. Only category 4 (white and yellow) shows reaction with family members of the person who feeds, but these cats are basically aggressive; they direct their aggressiveness even to the person who feeds, if they are disturbed while feeding. Ethological implications of the findings have been discussed.

1 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

014728   Banyal H S;Sanjeev Kumar (NO, Desert Regional Centre, Zoological Survey of India, Jodhpur-342 005, Email: dr.harinderbanyal@gmail.com) : First record of ichthyofaunal diversity in the Barabarda Stream, near Pratapgarh City, Rajasthan. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 19-20.

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014727   Aland S R (Zoology Dep, Walchand College of Arts and Science, Solapur-413 006) : note on the heavy infestation of a psyllid gall on two host plants Ficus racemosa and Alstonia Scholaris at Solapur, Maharashtra. Bionotes 2015, 17(1), 26.

^ssc7 ref

014726   Alam M F (NO, Neuroscience and Toxicology Unit, College of Pharmacy, Jazan Univ, Min, Jazan, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia) : Toxicity sodium tellurite (Na₂TeO₃) against Aedes caspius larvae in Gizan Southwestern region, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 29-33.

The most common mosquito-borne diseases in Saudi Arabia are dengue, filaria, malaria and Rift valley fever. Rift valley fever /Dengue outbreaks in Mediterranean region have progressively increased, with recent reports of cases in Saudi Arabia. A serious out break had been seen in the southern coastal province of Jazan of Saudi Arabia. Tellurium is considered to be an important element in emerging world of corrosion resistance technology and glass ware technology. There was no literature available on mosquito larval toxicity. Thus this compound has stimulated our interest to evaluating the toxicity effect against mosquito larvae. The toxicity of Sodium tellurite was performed against Aedes caspius as per WHO methods. Preliminary toxicity of Sodium tellurite was evaluated at 200 ppm concentration in different time interval like 6 hrs, 12 hrs, 18 hrs and 24 hrs and percent mortality was recorded as 21.66%, 55%, 94% and 100% respectively against larvae. Therefore, further quantitative assay were carried out in different concentration of tellurite which was less than preliminary concentration such as 25 ppm, 50 ppm, 75 ppm, 100 ppm, 125 ppm, 150 ppm and 200 ppm. The LC₅₀ and LC₉₀ value was observed 37.5 ppm and 105 ppm respectively against the Ae. Caspius larvae. No mortality was observed in control group in all experiments. In conclusion, the Sodium tellurite are effective and may be developed as potent larvicides in future.

1 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref

014725   Agrawal B;Patil P (Botany Dep, Govt M L B Girls P G College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, Email: bhawana.agrawal19@gmail.com) : Effect of temperature on the occurrence of desmids in a lentic water body of Bhopal District, M P with reference to seasonal variation in the physico chemical parameters. Envir Conserv J 2014, 15(3), 89-93.

The aim of the study was to assess the effect of temperature on the occurrence of desmids on a lentic waterbody viz. Jawahar Bal Udhyan Pond situated in northern direction of the Bhopal district with reference to its seasonal variation in physico-chemical parameters. Water temperature of the lentic water body varied between 16.2°C to 31.9°C in winter and summer season respectively. During the present study period a total of 18 desmid taxa of 6 genera were encountered in which Cosmarium dominated in terms of species diversity. Desmids occurred maximum in winter season i.e., from December to February and minimum in post monsoon season i.e., from October and November. Different species of Closterium, Euastrum, Staurastrum, Pleurotaenium, and Sphaerozosma are considered as pollution tolerant species and the presence of all these species and result of physico-chemical parameters indicates the meso-eutrophic condition of the waterbody.

1 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

014724   Agarwala B K;Choudhuri P R (Ecology and Biodiversity Laboratories. Zoology Dep, Tripura Univ, Suryamaninagar-799 022, Email: bagarwala00@gmail.com) : New host races of Aphis gossypii (Insecta: Hemiptera: Aphididae) from Northeast India. Curr Sci 2014, 107(7), 1172-7.

Insect herbivores show dynamic interaction with their food plants in space and time. Intra-species variations in response to new environments, both biotic and abiotic, though well-known in allopatric and sympat-ric populations, were very little documented on closely related hosts. Two new host races of Aphis gossypii, a polyphagous aphid species of agriculture and horticulture importance, are reported from Tripura, northeast India. Natural populations of this aphid from two congeneric hosts, wild taro (Colocasia esculenta escu-lenta) and cultivated taro (Colocasia esculenta antiquo-rum showed significant differences in life history traits. Aphids from wild taro clones were bigger in size, showed higher mean relative growth rate and intrinsic rate of increase, and produced more offspring per generation than those from cultivated taro clones which were smaller in size and took longer development and generation time. Reciprocal transfer of aphids between the two host plant subspecies significantly dwindled their colonization success rate in successive three generations on the transferred hosts. Results suggest that asexual lineages of aphids show adaptation* to human-imposed selection pressure in the host environment.

5 illus, 30 ref

013677   Yougesh Kumar;Sharma R (PG Dep of Zoology, D A V College, Muzaffarnagar-251 001, Email: dryougeshkumar@gmail.com) : Further observations o Pallisentis colisai sarkar, 1956 recovered from the body cavity of Channa punctatus (Bloch, 1793). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 37-46.

During a survey of freshwater fishes harbouring helminth parasites at Muzaffarnagar, we observed a specimen of Channa punctatus, infected with an acanthocephalan species of the genus Pa/llsentls Vall Cleave (1928). Present communication deals with re-description of Pallisentis colisai Sarkar, 1956, (Acanthocephala: Quadrigyridae) recovered from the body cavity of the host. The description is based on 2 freshly recovered male and female specimens and supported with light microscopic camera lucida sketches and photomicrographs drawn through Motic DMB-1 Microscope. Present observations are in conformity with its original description as well as with the re-descriptions given by Farooqi (1958); Rai (1967); Sahay et al. (1967); Tadros (1966); Soota & Bhattacharya (1982) and Duggal & Kaur (1986) except for some minor variations in the measurements. Comparison in various measurements of the present specimens with those described earlier is presented in tabular form.

7 illus, 19 ref

013676   Uma Chandra N;Revathi K;Rekha V (Zoology Dep, Auxilium College, Gandhi Nagar, Vellore-632 006, Email: revathik@yahoo.com) : Biodiversity of ostracods in Pudur lake, Tamil Nadu, India. Pollut Res 2014, 33(1), 45-51.

Ostracod diversity was studied in Pudur Lake, Tamil Nadu for a period of two years during January, 2004 to December, 2005. A total of eight varieties of Ostracods were recorded during the study period of which Cypris sp., Ilyocypris sp., Hemicypris sp., Chrissia sp., Centrocypris sp. and Indiacypris sp. were the genera identified out of which Ilyocypris bradyi is reported for the first time from Tamilnadu. The detailed description of the Ostracods recorded during this study is presented for substantiating the taxonomic relevance of the study.

8 illus, 13 ref

013675   Thakur D R;Mehta A (Biosciences Dep, Himachal Pradesh University, Shimla-171 005, Email: drdr4@rediffmail.com) : First record of Ardeola grayii (Sykes) 1832 from Lossar and Kunzam la in Spiti Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. Asian J Adv Basic Sci 2014, 3(1), 102-5.

Ardeola grayii (Sykes) 1832 known as Indian Pond-Heron, has been reported for the first time from the vicinity of Spiti river at Lossar Village of Spiti Valley, Himachal Pradesh, India. In almost barren cold dessert of Spiti vally, Lossar village has little vegetation of shrubs, wild willow and Betula utilis Don commonly known as Himalayan Birch or Bhojpatra. A solitary Indian Pond-Heron was found feeding on insect larvae in this area. This is a new record of this bird from high altitude and this different but interesting migration pattern is opening the new vista of avian record from wetland and barren lands of Lahaul Spiti district of Himachal Pradesh, India.

2 illus, 19 ref

013674   Shamina S;Jishamol G (Biochemistry Dep, RVS College of Arts & Science, Sulur, Coimbatore, Tamil Nadu) : Effect of kidney biochemical enzymes in ethylene glycol induced urolithiatic rats treated with scopariadulcis (leaf). Int J Res Pharm Chem 2014, 4(2), 431-5.

Scopariadulcis has long held a place in herbal medicine in every tropical country where it grows, and its use by indigenous peoples is well documented. The decoction of the entire plant is recommended for upper respiratory problems, biliary colic or congestion, menstrual disorders, and fever; the leaf juice is still employed externally for wounds and hemorrhoids. In Brazilian herbal medicine the plant is used to reduce fever, lower blood sugar and blood pressure, and as an expectorant for coughs and lung congestion. A tea is prepared from the leaves or aerial parts of the plant for fevers and urinary tract diseases, upper respiratory disorders, bronchitis, coughs, menstrual disorders, and hypertension.The Scopariadulcis have active biological properties, including its anti-cancerous properties, are attributed to the phytochemicals. Many studies report that this phytochemical has powerful anticancerous, antitumorous, antileukemic, and antiviral (including HIV) properties. This potent phytochemical has displayed selective cytotoxic activity against malignant brain tumors, bone cancer, and melanomas (without harming healthy cells).The present study focussing on the effect of the ethanolic leaf extract of Scopariadulcis on the urolithiatic and control kidney marker enzymes. The urolithiatic condition on the experimental animal is induced by 30 days oral administration of 0.75% of Ethylene glycol. Then the ethanolic leaf extract of the plant were administered in 250 mg/kg body weight of rats orally for 30 days to the toxic group as a treatment. The variations in the kidney biochemical parameters in this urolithiatic study shows decrease level of the marker enzymes (Acid phosphatase, Alakalinephosphatase, Aspartatetrasaminase & Alanine trasaminase). On treatment with the plant extract , the normal levels are approximately regained. This study concluded that the ethanolic leaf extract of Scopariadulcis can be able to recover the kidney marker enzymes level of urolithiatic toxic rats. This will give a hope for the formulation of Antiurolithiatic drug using Scopariadulcis by analyzing other parameters simultaneously.

1 table, 9 ref

013673   Saxena V L;Saxena A K (Zoology Dep, D.G. College, Kanpur-208 001, Email: vijaykanpur@rediffmail.com) : Nidification behavior in red wattled lapwings, Vanellus indicus. Asian J expl Sci 2013, 27(2), 17-21.

Study focuses on the nidification and courtship behavior of Red Wattled Lapwings. During breeding season the male bird select the territory. Both male and female take part in building nest. The nest is generally a circular depression encircled by stones or pieces of hard clay. Four eggs are led in each nest. During the mid-March and June the birds exhibit courtship behavior. Male first gives signals of courtship. The female respond by emitting a mating call. The incubated is completed by both parents. Eggs hatch into nidifugous chicks in 28-30 days. Both parents protect territory and protect their own plumage completely (3-5 weeks) tills become good fliers.

8 illus, 30 ref

013672   Sakthivelkumar S;Veeramani V;Hilda K;Arumugam M;Janarthanan S (Zoology Dep, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai-600 025, Email: janas_09@yahoo.co.in) : Analysis on the arcelin expression in bruchid pest resistant wild pulses using real time RT-qPCR. Indian J expl Biol 2014, 52(12), 1195-1200.

Arcelin, the antimetabolic protein from wild pulses is a known natural insecticidal molecule. Wild pulses with high arcelin content could serve as potential source to increase the levels of insect resistance in cultivated pulse crops. In this study, arcelin (Arl) gene expression was screened in seven stored product insect pest resistant wild pulse varieties using real time RT-qPCR. Arcelin gene specific real time PCR primers were synthesized from arcelin mRNA sequence of the wild pulse variety, Lablab purpureus. The results revealed different levels of arcelin gene expression in the tested varieties. Canavalia virosa registered significantly high content indicating its suitability for utilization of arcelin gene in developing stored product insect pest resistance with other cultivated pulses.

2 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

013671   Ramesh Babu K (Marine Living Resources Dep, College of Science and Technology Andhra Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 003, Email: krameshmlr@gmail.com) : Improved maturation of wild and pond-reared black tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon (Fabricius) using different combinations of live and wet feeds. Asian J expl Sci 2013, 27(2), 27-42.

Impact of various combinations of live feeds and frozen feeds such as polychaete, squid meat, crab meat and beef liver was tested on the maturity and spawning of the shrimp Penaeus monodon. Females with weight ranges 86g to 96g were selected for the present experimentation. The shrimps were fed with five different combinations at the rate of 15% of their body weight. Feed combinations selected for current study was crab and polychaete, oyster and polychaete, squid and clam, beef liver and squid, and oyster and beef liver. We applied different ablated methods to evaluate the reproductive ability of wild and pond reared Penaeus monodon The great reproductive performance was achieved when shrimps fed with Feed-I, the reproductive performance based on fecundity was identified by the number of eggs in gravid females. Future research efforts focused on the artificial diets which contain both live and frozen feed combinations will be essential for the improved egg quality in tank-reared Penaeus monodon. Thereby increasing the consistency and reliability of maturation diets for better quality nauplii production.

4 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref

013670   Ramesh Babu B;Sree Ram Kumar N (Zoology Dep, Osmania University, College for Women, Koti, Hyderabad, Email: anitha_shinde2001@yahoo.com) : Caste variation in the distribution of placental GoT types among a few caste groups of Andhra Pradesh. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 13-15.

A total of 1622 placental samples belonging to Brahmins (280), Vysyas (196), Muslims (294) and Scheduled Caste (852) groups living in Andhra Pradesh, South India were studied electrophoretically for the distribution of either mitochondrial or soluble GoT types. No variants of the soluble form of GoT were found. However, 2 samples in Vysya, 3 samples in Muslim groups (2 in Shia and 1 in Khoja) and 2 samples among the Scheduled Caste groups (l in Mala and 1 in Paky) were found to display a triple banded pattern representing the GoT_M 2 -1 phenotype.

1 table, 7 ref

013669   Ramesh Babu B;Anitha Kumari S;Sree Ram Kumar N (Zoology Dep, Osmania University College for Women, Koti, Hyderabad, , Email: anitha_shinde2001@yahoo.com) : Rare variants of some placental enzymes in different caste groups of Andhra pradesh. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 53-5.

Total of 1622 placental samples belonging to Brahmins (280), Vysyas (196), Muslims (294) and Scheduled Caste (852) groups living in Andhra Pradesh were studied electrophoretically with respect to different enzyme markers, LDH, MDH and GDH. No LDH variant reported to date was observed in the present study. However, one sample from Brahmins, two samples from Vysya, five samples from Muslims (2 from Shia and 3 from Khoja) and seven samples from among the Scheduled Castes (1 from Madiga, 2 from Paky and 4 from Mochi) displayed the variant types of M.MDH. No variant type of the soluble MDH was observed in the study. Further, no placental sample showed any genetic variant of glutamate dehydrogenase enzyme system.

1 table, 12 ref

013668   Pawar S B;Pawar D D;Jadhav G P (Zoology Dep, Dnyanopasak College, Parbhani-431 440, Email: dr.shivaji_pawar@rediffmail.com) : Bio-chemical studies of gastro-intestinal cestode parasites in freshwater fish Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1954) from Nanded district. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 47-51.

The present investigation deals with description of biochemical content of gastro-intestinal cestodes parasites of freshwater fish Clarias batrachus. The caryophyllidean cestodes are the most pathogenic parasites in Clarias batrachus in tropic and sub-tropic areas. The present study deals with biochemistry (protein, glycoge and lipids) of caryophyllidean cestode in freshwater Cat fish, Clarias batrachus (Linnaeus, 1954).

17 ref 3 tables

013667   Pankaj Kumar;Jain K K;Kumar M;Chalal R S; Verma N (Fish Nutrition, Biochemistry and Physiology Dep, Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Versova, Mumbai-400 061, Email: kumarpankajfnb@gmail.com) : Effect of restricted feeding of protein level on digestive enzyme activity and histological changes in Labeo Rohita (Hamilton) fingerlings. Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 1-7.

To understand the applicability of restricted feeding in the fingerlings of the Indian major carp. rohu, Labeo rohita, an 60-day feeding experimert was conducted in the laboratory involving alternate day feeding of high and low protein diet. respectively. To support this experiment three experimental isocaloric (401.32 to 410.28 kcal/100g) diets of 30%,25% and 20% crude protein designated as diet A, diet B and diet C, respectively were prepared, using locally available feed ingredients and three different feeding schedules of high protein diet continuously (diet A-30%). alternate feeding of 1-day diet A followed by 1-day diet B (1A/lB) and alternate feeding of 1-day diet A followed by I-day diet C (1A/1C) were tested. Overall digestive enzymes activity was reported to be higher in the group fed 1A/1B) and the lowest was recorded in the group T2 fed (1A/lC but histological there is no significant difference is observed.

3 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

013666   Namdeo A;Tembhre M;Banerjee S;Gour S;Ahirwar S (NO, Govt Girls (Autonomous) PG College, Bhopal, Email: m_tembhre@yahoo.co.in) : Inhibitory efficacy of chlorpyriphos and Datura stramonium on acetylcholinesterase activity, kinetics and histology of brain of Catla catla. Asian J expl Sci 2013, 27(2), 47-56.

Influence of ethanol leaf extract of Datum stramonium, an indigenous plant used in ayurvedic medicine in India and commonly used organophosphorus pesticide; chlorpyriphos on acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity, kinetics and histology were investigated in the brain of Catla catla. The recovery of inhibited AChE by both compounds was also determined. It was observed that 96 hrs exposure of Datura stramonium leaf extract (100 mg/L) produces 47.2% AChE inhibition and chlorpyriphos (0.00073 mg/L) elicits 33% AChE inhibition. A considerable synergistic inhibitory effect was found in the brain AChE with pre-treatment of Datura stramonium leaf extract followed by chlorpyriphos exposure. This treatment could yield 60% inhibition. The recovery of Datura stramonium extract-induced AChE inhibition was ranged from 1.6% (48 hrs) to 11.7% (120 hrs) while chlorpyriphos-induced AChE inhibition was recovered to 8.1% (48 hrs) and 23.8% (120 hrs). Kinetic study of AChE also showed inhibitory potential of these compounds. The Km of control group was 0.41 x 10^{-3 M. This was increased to 0.9 x 10-3 M (Datura stramonium extract), 0.76 x 10-3 M (chlorpyriphos), and 1.1 x 10-3 M (pre-treated with Datura stramonium extract followed by chlorpyriphos exposure). The Vmax values were constant i.e. 0.11 activity/min/mg protein in control and treated groups showing competitive AChE inhibition. The cyto-architectural profile of treated brain shows histological alterations indicated by varying degree of necrosis and vacuolation in the molecular and granular layers.}

11 illus, 2 tables, 55 ref

013665   Kishore R;Kishor K;Saxena K K (PG-Dep of Zoology, Bareilly College, Bareilly-243 003, Email: dr.kailashksaxena@gmail.com) : Chromium induced haematological changes in the Cat Fish Heteropneustes Fossilis (Bloch). Uttar Pradesh J Zool 2014, 34(1), 9-12.

In the present investigation the effect of toxicity in the Heteropneustes fossilis was studied with oral administration of trivalent chromium in the form of chromium trioxide after 96h of exposure to a sub-lethal concentration of 32mg.l^{-1. When the catfish, Heteropneustes fossilis was exposed to a sub-lethal concentration of chromium of 32 mg.1-1 after 96h showed marked increased in the number of Erythrocytes, haematocrit values, clotting time, where as Leukopenia due to reduction in the number of small Lymphocytes, thrombocytopenia and significant decrease in the ESI were also noted. However, the number of immature erythrocytes, large lymphocytes and heamoglobin were not affected by metal exposure.}

1 table, 13 ref

013664   Gaitonde N;Giri V (National Centre for Biological Sciences, , GKVK Campus, Bengaluru-560 065, Email: nikhilng@ncbs.res.in) : Primitive breeding in an ancient Indian frog genus Indirana. Curr Sci 2014, 107(1), 109-12.

Western Ghats biodiversity hotspot is rich in her-petofauna and harbours numerous endemic species. Unfortunately, many of these under studied species are threatened due to habitat loss, pollution, infectious diseases and climate change. Indirana (family Ranix-alidae) is an ancient frog genus, endemic to the Western Ghats of India. Unlike most amphibians, it lays terrestrial eggs and has semi-terrestrial tadpoles. We barely have any knowledge about their development, life history, mating systems and reproductive ecology. Such information is crucial to design and implement successful conservation programmes. Hence, we studied the courtship, spawning behaviour and reproductive mode of an Indirana sp. from Amboli Reserve Forest located in the northern Western Ghats, Maharashtra, India. This species showcases a primitive type of inguinal amplexus and exhibits pronounced sexual size dimorphism, where females are significantly larger than the males. Average clutch size was 226?41.5 eggs, with an egg diameter of 3.25?0.32mm. Fertilization rate was 87% with 100% hatching success. Additionally, this frog has evolved terrestrial eggs without the dependent traits like parental care and large egg size/small clutch size witnessed in other terrestrially egg-laying anurans (frogs and toads). This frog has reproductive mode 19, with its characteristic semi-terrestrial tadpoles. This genus represents the extreme of the trend (from obligatory aquatic to completely terrestrial) that amphibians show towards terrestriality.

1 illus, 25 ref

013663   Duraikannu K;Shameem rani K;Anithajothi R; Umagowsalya G;Ramakritinan C M (Marine and Coastal Studies Dep, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai-21, Tamil Nadu, Email: duraikk84@gmail.com) : In-vivo anticancer activity of red algae (gelidiela acerosa and acanthophora spicifera). Int J pharm Sci Res 2014, 5(8), 3347-52.

Gulf of Mannar, is a unique marine habitat with diverse of macroalgae. Macroalgae are primitive non flowering marine plants, which have rich sources of bioactive compounds (i.e., proteins, peptides, amino acid, polysaccharide, alkaloids etc). The selected red algaeGelidiela acerosa and Acanthophora spicifera collected from the Gulf of Mannar, southeast coast of India. In the present study, the anticancer potential of the methanol (crude) extract from G. acerosa and A. spicifera was tested for probable anticancer activity in Dalton's Ascitic Lymphoma (DAL) cells. The cells were tested in Swiss albino mice. The results show that G. acerosa and A. spicifera algae extract were the most effective against DAL cells in mice respectively had significant anticancer activity and it might be a good candidate for further investigation in order to develop a natural compound as an anticancer agents, which can be utilized for the production of potential anticancer drug and novel pharmaceutical leads.

28 ref