SHAIKH M, KHEDKAR J K
047814 SHAIKH M, KHEDKAR J K ( Chemistry Dep, Shri Anand Coll, Pathardi - 414102, Email: shaikh.muktar@rediffmail.com) : Binding of methyl viologen and its radical to p - Sulfonatocalix[4]arene. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1297 - 1303.
Binding of N,N? - dimethyl - 4,4? - bipyridinium (methyl viologen, MV2+) and its radical (MV+? ) to novel p - sulfonatocalix[n]arene (CX[4] - S,) host has been investigated using the density functional theory (DFT). The hydrogen bonded interactions between ? - , ? - and - CH3 protons of methyl viologen with SO3 ? groups of CX[4] - S render stability to their complexes. In the lowest energy structures, one of the methyl groups of MV2+ was partially penetrated within the cavity of CX[4] - S host owing to C - H???O interactions with upper rim of host while the remaining methyl group excluded from the cavity. The radical MV+? revealed qualitatively similar binding patterns to CX[4] - S host as that of MV2+. Moreover, interaction energy of methyl viologen dication was predicted to be larger than that of the corresponding radical cation.
6 illus, 5 tables, 42 ref
SRAVANTHI T, MADHAVI N
047813 SRAVANTHI T, MADHAVI N ( Chemistry Dep, Jagarlamudi Kuppuswamy Chowdary Coll, Guntur - 522 006, Email: madhavijkcchempg@gmail.com ) : Validated Stability Indicating HPLC method for simultaneous quantification of trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and chlorpheniramine maleate in tablet forms. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1291 - 6.
A novel easy stability indicating high performance liquid chromatography method has been developed for the concurrent assessment of trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene in combination with chlorpheniramine maleate using Luna C8 column with UV detection at 224 nm. The mobile phase comprised of 0.02 N phosphate buffer (pH 5.5) and acetonitrile (55:45 v/v) was delivered with a flow rate of 1.5 mL/min. The method was linear over the concentration range 6.25 - 18.75 ?g/mL (trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene) and 1.5 - 4.5 ?g/mL (chlorpheniramine maleate). The limit of quantification was 1.57 ?g/mL (trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene) and 0.969 ?g/mL (chlorpheniramine maleate). The calculated recoveries were 100.083 - 100.287% (trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene) and 99.827 - 100.277% (chlorpheniramine maleate). Trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and chlorpheniramine maleate were subjected to forced stress like acid hydrolysis, base hydrolysis, thermal and oxidation degradation. The drugs were found to degrade in the applied conditions. The degraded products were resolved effectively from the trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and chlorpheniramine maleate. The suggested stabilityindicating HPLC method can be used for the quantitative evaluation of trithioparamethoxy phenylpropene and chlorpheniramine maleate in bulk medications and tablet formulations.
3 illus, 5 tables, 18 ref
BELWAL S, KARIVEDA S, RAMAGIRI S
047812 BELWAL S, KARIVEDA S, RAMAGIRI S ( Chemistry Dep, Anurag Group of Institutions, Hyderabad - 500038, Email: saovita29@gmail.com) : Synthesis, characterization and antituberculosis activity of biologically nanostructured zinc and titanium metal compounds. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1286 - 90.
Green chemistry was used to obtain nano - range sized titanium and zinc compounds from their macro - sizes by using an aqueous extract of horse gram (Macrotyloma uniflorum). Ultraviolet - visible (UV - vis) and Fourier - transform infrared (FTIR) spectrophotometers were employed for characterizing the nanoparticles of biosynthesized metal nanoparticles. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) was used to analyse the reduced nanoparticles of Ti and Zn metals. Microdilution was employed to determine in vitro properties, such as effects of nanocomplex antimicrobials on Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) H37RV strain. MTB strains isolated from patients with multidrug - resistant tuberculosis (MDR - TB) were resistant to first - line drugs. Novel synthesized nano - complexes exhibited potential antituberculosis activities. Titanium nanocomplexes exhibited the highest minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) in comparison to zinc nanocomplex. In a cytotoxic study, an IC50 of 1000 ?g/mL, for both Ti and Zn nanocomplexes, was reported, and thus, these complexes were non - toxic when compared to isoniazid.
3 illus, 2 tables, 41 ref
PRASAD N N, NADH R V, SRINIVASU N
047811 PRASAD N N, NADH R V, SRINIVASU N (AET Laboratories, Hyderabad - 502319, Email: prasadnn14@gmail.com) : Validated HPLC method for assay and content uniformity testing of roflumilast in blend and tablets. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1279 - 85.
Roflumilast is a selective enzyme inhibitor of phosphodiesterase - 4. This drug is recommended for treatment of patients suffering from chronic - obstructive - pulmonary - disease with chronic - bronchitis. Roflumilast is not official in pharmacopoeia and the reported methods are having high chromatographic run times. A short run time HPLC method was developed for assay and content uniformity testing to determine the roflumilast in blend and tablets. The mobile phase consists of 10 mM sodium dihydrogen phosphate monohydrate buffer and acetonitrile in the ratio of 45:55 v/v. The HPLC method was developed using accucore - C18 150 ? 4.6 mm, 4 ?m column with a flow rate of 1.0 mL min - 1, 215 nm wavelength and 10 ?L injection volume with run time of 5 min. The method linearity was proved between 5.02 - 40.17 ?g mL - 1 and obtained correlation - coefficient value is 1.0000. The mean recovery of roflumilast was 100.6%. The stability indicating nature was established and performed the validation by considering ICH Q2 (R1) recommendations.
5 illus, 5 tables, 11 ref
ELSHEIKH M A, ALI D M H, ALOTAIBI S H
047810 ELSHEIKH M A, ALI D M H, ALOTAIBI S H ( Chemistry Dep, Taif Univ, Saudi Arabia , Email: malikabdalla@yahoo.com ) : Evaluation of some toxic and essential trace elements in children foods and infant formulae by using ICP - OES. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1273 - 8.
In Turabah province of Saudi Arabia, infant formula and children?s food products were investigated to determine the concentrations of essential trace elements, namely Mn, Ni, V and Si, and toxic trace elements, namely Al, Ba, Pb, Cd, and As, present in them. Their daily intake amounts were calculated and compared with provisional tolerable daily intake (PTDI), which was calculated based on the provisional tolerable weekly intake (PTWI), which was recommended by joint FAO/WHO. The results obtained were found to be below the PTDI levels. Some samples exhibited a large amount of Al. The PTWI of Si and V is not established; however, their concentrations were compared with those reported in other studies. In some samples, a high concentration of Si was observed. The method employed for evaluation was based on the limit of quantification (LOQ), limit of detection (LOD), and recovery percent of 92.3?101.6%. Accuracy and precision were employed for evaluating the results.
6 illus, 8 tables, 28 ref
AROUA L M
047809 AROUA L M ( Chemistry Dep, Tunis El - Manar Univ, Tunis, Tunisia , Email: aroua.lotfi@yahoo.com) : Novel mixed complexes derived from benzoimidazolphenylethanamine and 4 - (Benzoimidazol - 2 - yl)aniline: Synthesis, characterization, antibacterial evaluation and theoretical prediction of toxicity. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1266 - 72.
Benzoimidazolphenylethanamine (BPE) has been synthesized using condensation reaction from o - phenyldiamine and L - phenylalanine. Some metal complexes have been synthesized from 4 - (benzoimidazol - 2 - yl)aniline, benzoimidazolylphenylethanamine and cadmium(II), tin(II), copper(II) and nickel(II) metal in a molar ratio (1:1:1). All new metal complexes were characterized by spectroscopic data of FTIR, UV - visible electronic absorption, X - ray powder diffraction and thermal analysis. Spectra analysis of the mixed metal complexes showed the coordination of ligands to the metal ions via nitrogen atoms. The XRD powder showed that metal complexes have a monoclinic system. The preliminary tested in vitro antibacterial activities of Sn(II) complex was assayed against four bacterial isolates namely Micrococcus luteus, Staphylococcus aureus as Gram - positive, Pseudomonas aerugmosa and Escherichia coli.
6 tables, 63 ref
GIRI P, ZANDU S K, SINGH I
047808 GIRI P, ZANDU S K, SINGH I (Chitkara Univ, Rajpura - 140401, Email: inderbir.singh@chitkara.edu.in) : Chemical modifications of guar gum for drug delivery applications: A Review. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (6), 1259 - 65.
Guar gum is a natural excipient extracted from the plant seed of Cyamopsis tetragonolobus, belonging to the Leguminosae family. In the pharmaceutical industries, it contributes an important role due to its non - toxicity, ease of availability, biodegradability and eco - friendly nature. The major constituents of guar gum is galactomannan which is composed of D - galactose anhydride and mannose anhydride. Hydroxyl groups present in galactomannan can be modified by carboxymethylation, grafting or cross - linking with other excipients for developing modified polymers having desirable properties. Guar gum is commonly used as a suspending, emulsifying, stabilizing, gelling and thickening agent in various dosage forms. The guar gum derivatives are also useful in controlling the drug release from the pharmaceutical dosage forms. In this review, different aspects of synthesis of guar gum derivatives and its applications in various drug delivery systems is described.
7 illus, 3 tables, 50 ref
KUMAR N, LAL C, SINGH B, PATEL A K
047807 KUMAR N, LAL C, SINGH B, PATEL A K ( Chemistry Dep, Harcourt Butler Technical Univ, Kanpur - 208002, Email: c.lal9940@gmail.com) : Synthesis and biological activities of some novel spiro heterocyclic pyrrolizidine derivatives of 11H - indeno[1,2 - b]quinoxaline through 1,3 - Dipolar Cycloaddition. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1255 - 8.
The synthesis of spiropyrrolidines by the Knoevenagel condensation has been reported as highly bioactive natural and synthetic organic products. The synthesis was initiated by Knoevenagel condensation of indole - 2 - one with an appropriate benzaldehyde in presence of Lproline to afford spiropyrrolidines. Herein, a design and pathway of syntheses of a library of spiropyrrolidines bearing spiro heterocyclic indeno[1,2 - b]quinoxaline - 11 - one motifs were reported, which also demonstrated an exceptional inhibitory activity against the anticancer cells. A novel series of dispiroindenoquinoxaline pyrrolizidines were synthesized by the condensation of indeno[1,2 - b]quinoxalin - 11 - one and starting material (a product of ninhydrin and aldehyde derivatives). The structure of the synthesized compounds was established by spectral data.
1 table, 19 ref
AL - QAHTANI S D
047806 AL - QAHTANI S D ( Chemistry Dep, Princess Nourah Bint Abdul Rahman Univ, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia , Email: a_salhah@yahoo.com) : Potentiometric Studies of Mixed Copper(II) Complexes with ? - aminolevulinic acid and some selected peptides. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1251 - 4.
Ternary complex formation in the system Cu(II) - ALA - L (ALA = ? - aminolevulinic acid drug; L = peptides) has been studied by pHpotentiometrically at 25 ? 0.1 ?C with I = 0.10 mol L - 1 NaCl. The stability constants of binary and ternary complexes were calculated and interpretated. The concentration distribution of the complexes in solution was graphically presented using the HySS program. In addition, the values of ?log K, log X and relative stabilization percentage (% R.S.) for the mixed - ligand complexes studied have been evaluated and discussed.
4 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref
DAO T P, DO H T, KHOI L Q, PHAP N V G, CANG M H, PHAM T N, MUOI N V
047805 DAO T P, DO H T, KHOI L Q, PHAP N V G, CANG M H, PHAM T N, MUOI N V (Can Tho Univ, Can Tho City, Vietnam, Email: ptnhut@ntt.edu.vn, nvmuoi@ctu.edu.vn ) : Evaluation of physico - chemical properties of lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) essential oil grown in tien giang province, Vietnam. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1248 - 50.
The lemongrass (Cymbopogon citratus L.) essential oil plays a vital role as an ingredient in different fields due to aromatic, antibacterial properties and antifungal activity. In this study, essential oil of lemongrass was obtained using hydrodistillation method and evaluated for chemical compositions and physico - chemical characteristics. The averaged physico - chemical parameters were determined as specific gravity (0.8865 g/cm3 ), acid index (2.948), ester index (6.402) and refractive index (9.35). Moreover, the hydrodistillation process performance was achieved 0.29%. The composition of essential oils was analyzed by GC - MS, revealing a total of 18 volatile constituents existing in the lemongrass oil. The major components were ? - citral (40.838%), ? - citral (28.494%), ? - myrcene (16.654%), 2,3 - dehydro1,8 - cineole (2.264%) and geraniol (2.388%). The citral component accounts for high content (more than 70% of volume) of oil.
1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref
SIYAL L, KUMAR B, KUMAR R, SAHNEY R
047804 SIYAL L, KUMAR B, KUMAR R, SAHNEY R (Amity Univ, Noida - 201313, Email: rachanasahney@gmail.com, rsahney@amity.edu ) : Synthesis of horseradish peroxidase - gold nanoparticle conjugate through green route. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1243 - 7.
Synthesis of horseradish peroxidase - gold nanoparticle conjugates (HRP - AuNPs) has been studied for the development of biofunctionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) through biogenic route. Herein, horseradish peroxidase enzyme has been used to synthesize gold nanoparticles at room temperature in tricine buffer. The morphology and size distribution of HRP - AuNPs conjugates were obtained by different techniques including dynamic light scattering (DLS), UV - visible (UV - vis) spectrophotometry, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X - ray analysis (EDX). The enzyme activity of HRP - AuNP conjugate was compared with free enzyme to determine their catalytic efficiency. The results suggests that HRP - AuNP conjugates are monodisperse particles with average hydrodynamic diameter of 83.93 ? 2.1 nm, zeta potential of about - 18.4 ? 1.1 mV and higher enzyme activity towards H2O2 as compared to free horseradish peroxidase. These biofunctionalized gold nanoparticles could act as tag or labeling agent for various applications.
4 illus, 1 table, 50 ref
SWAIN A, HARIPRASAD P
047803 SWAIN A, HARIPRASAD P (, Indian Institute of Technology Delhi, New Delhi - 110016, Email: phari@rdat.iitd.ac.in) : Identification of ? - Glucosidase Inhibitors from Cyperus articulatus L. Rhizome Extract Using HRLC - MS/MS and molecular docking. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1235 - 42.
Cyperus articulatus is widely distributed in Indian subcontinent and its rhizome has been used as folk medicine in different geographical regions for treatment of diseases like malaria, epilepsy and dysentery. In present study the rhizome extracts were studied to identify the natural inhibitor compounds for ? - amylase and ? - glucosidase. Among six different solvent extracts of the rhizome, the acetone extract which showed to have highest phenolics and flavonoids exhibited ? - glucosidase inhibition (IC50 9.1 ?g/mL). Different fractions were collected using column chromatography and flash chromatography to analyze the active fractions. Two major fractions significantly showed high enzyme inhibitory activity. In HRLC - MS/MS phenolic as well as non - phenolic class of compounds were identified such as quercetrin, dihydroquercetin, mycophenolic acid, koparin - 2 - methylether, C16 - sphinganine, embelin, phytosphingosine, colforsin, 7,8 - dihydroxystearic acid and palmitic acid derivative. The two active fractions having IC50 8.38 and 7.65 ?g/mL, were shown to exhibit competitive and mixed type inhibition, respectively. Molecular docking analysis of the compounds with the ? - glucosidase active site showed that the phenolic class of compounds have efficient binding with one of the aspartate (Asp66, Asp349 and Asp212) residues whereas there was non - polar contacts with other residues in case of non - phenolic compounds such as long chain hydroxyl acids. The results suggest that Cyperus articulatus rhizome is a potential source of drug ingredients for the management of type - II diabetes.
5 illus, 1 table, 35 ref
THUY G V, TIEN N M, QUY N N, CANG M H, QUAN P M, BUI L M, MINH L V, MUOI L G
047802 THUY G V, TIEN N M, QUY N N, CANG M H, QUAN P M, BUI L M, MINH L V, MUOI L G (Can Tho Univ, Can Tho City, Vietnam , Email: blminh@ntt.edu.vn, nvmuoi@ctu.edu.vn) : Preliminary chemical, total polyphenol, total flavonoid contents and antioxidant activity of eucalyptus camaldulensis Dehnh.. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1230 - 4.
This study aimed to identify phytochemicals and evaluate antioxidant activities of different extracts from Eucalyptus camaldulensis, an aromatic plant in the Myrtaceace family. Examined extracts in different solvents such as diethyl ether extract (DEE), the ethanolic extract (EE) and the aqueous extract (AE). Total polyphenol and total flavonoid contents were determined via aluminum chloride colorimetric method. Antioxidant activity was performed via ABTS and DPPH radical scavenging assays. The results showed that a wide variety of pharmacologically active compounds such as alkaloid, oil, flavonoid, triterpenoid, saponin, tannin and polyphenol were present in the leaves of Eucalyptus camaldulensis. The result of quantitative determination showed that total polyphenol content of the diethyl ether extract, ethanolic extract and aqueous extract achieved 73.47 ? 1.64, 306.48 ? 3.87 and 76.47 ? 1.64 mgGAE/g, respectively. Meanwhile, total flavonoid content was 41.74 ? 2.21, 45.98 ? 1.79 and 18.05 ? 0.81 mgQE/g, respectively. The ethanolic extract exhibited the highest DPPH (IC50 = 10.52 ? 0.14 ?g/mL) and ABTS (IC50 = 9.86 ? 0.17 ?g/mL). These results indicate that Eucalyptus camaldulensis leaves can be used in dietary applications with the potential to reduce oxidative stress.
4 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref
KUMAR S , SANTRA P K, DWIVEDI J, ARYAN R C
047801 KUMAR S , SANTRA P K, DWIVEDI J, ARYAN R C ( Chemistry Dep, Banasthali Vidyapith, Banasthali - 304022, Email: satte28@gmail.com) : Synthesis, characterization and docking studies of Anti - HCV Molecules. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1221 - 9.
The present study reports the synthesis and characterization of novel molecules inhibiting the spread of hepatitis C. The molecules were designed as to block the NS3/4A protease enzyme on HCV RNA. The molecules were synthesized using usual peptide synthesis techniques. Compounds with purity more than 95% were characterized and docking studies were also performed. All the compounds were characterized using physico - chemical techniques such as determination of melting point by DSC and NMR, mass, IR spectral studies. The docking studies were also conducted to assess the activity of molecules for inhibition of hepatitis C virus.
1 table, 13 ref
CHOUDHURY M, SHARMA S, AHMED B, BEZBARUAH B
047800 CHOUDHURY M, SHARMA S, AHMED B, BEZBARUAH B (Applied Sciences Dep, Gauhati Univ, Guwahati - 781014, Email: bipulbezbaruah@gmail.com) : The ? - ? Stacking Interaction of azaborine and some of its derivatives: A quantum mechanical study. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1212 - 20.
Derivatives of azaborine viz., diazaborines, borazine and pseudoborazine, but interestingly all of them are not purely aromatic. The sequence of aromaticity of some azaborine and its derivatives were given as azaborine > diazaborine > pesudoborazine > borazine. Also they have different ring bond distances as B - B, N - N and B - N. Due to their difference in properties of aromaticity and structure, the ? - ? stacking interaction was also very interesting and quite different from the normal aromatic systems. Quantum mechanical, MP2 method is quite useful for determining the ? - ? stacking interaction in different azaborine dimers and its derivatives for eclipsed and staggered stacked conformations. Stacked models of azaborine derivatives with intermolecular rotations also shows different interaction energies.
5 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref
BARKU V Y A, OPOKU - BOAHEN Y, ACKON V
047799 BARKU V Y A, OPOKU - BOAHEN Y, ACKON V ( Chemistry Dep, Univ of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana, Email: vbarku@ucc.edu.gh ) : Citrus sinensis seed as a potential source of quality edible and industrial oil. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1207 - 11.
Seeds of sweet oranges (Citrus sinensis) were analyzed for oil and fatty acid composition. The crude oil was extracted by the use of soxhlet extraction. The results showed that oil content is as high as 71 %. The physico - chemical assessment gave the following results: refractive index (1.457), peroxide value (4.12 meq/kg) and iodine value (34.06 Wijs). The ATR - IR spectrum of oil showed prominent bands at 3008.6, 2921.73, 2852.7, 1742.86, 1709.23, 1460, 1167.66, 1117.39 and 1051.16 cm - 1 that identified fatty acid composition. The percentage compositions of various classes of fatty acids present in the oil were polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs, 39.82 %), monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, 57.08 %) and saturated fatty acids (SFAs, 3.09 %). The oil has linoleic acid (18:2, n - 6) as the only PUFA and the second highest fatty acid composition (25.63 %). Palmitoleic acid is the highest MUFA (56.30 %) as well as the highest fatty acid composition while capric acid (C10:0) is the lowest fatty acid (0.02 %). These results and in addition to the low compositions of erucic acid, behenic acid and lignoceric acid indicated that the seed oil of sweet orange is possible suitable for both human consumption and industrial purposes.
3 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref
ZAMIR R, ISLAM N, PARVIN S, RAHMAN S, FARUQUE M O, ASRAF M A, ZAKARIA M
047798 ZAMIR R, ISLAM N, PARVIN S, RAHMAN S, FARUQUE M O, ASRAF M A, ZAKARIA M ( Chemistry Dep, Univ of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh, Email: rsnzamir@gmail.com ) : Chemical contamination in date fruits collected during ramadan from different markets of Dhaka North City, Bangladesh. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1203 - 6.
Assessment of toxic metals in date fruits collected during Ramadan from different market sites within Dhaka city of Bangladesh have been carried out. Detection of toxic metals like Zn (0.07 - 0.15 mg/100 g), Cu (0.08 - 0.28 mg/100 g), Mn (0.80 - 1.25 mg/100 g) and Fe (0.54 - 1.90 mg/100 g) were found within safety limit for consumption with respect to international regulatory body.
1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref
RAGASA C Y, OYONG G G, TAN M C S, REYES M M D L, CASTRO M E G
047797 RAGASA C Y, OYONG G G, TAN M C S, REYES M M D L, CASTRO M E G ( Chemistry Dep, De La Salle Univ, Manila, Philippines, Email: consolacion.ragasa@dlsu.edu.ph ) : Cytotoxic sterols from philippine mushrooms. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1197 - 1202.
Ergosterol peroxide (1) and ergosterol (2) were commonly isolated as the major compounds of Philippine mushrooms. Sterols 1 and 2 from the dichloromethane extract of Geastrum triplex and Termitomyces clypeatus, respectively, were evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against four human cancer cell lines, viz., breast cancer (MCF - 7), colon cancer (HT - 29), leukemia (THP - 1), and small lung cell carcinoma (H69PR), and a human normal cell line, human dermal fibroblast - neonatal (HDFn), using the PrestoBlue? cell viability assay. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the strongest activities against HT - 29 with IC50 values of 1.79 and 2.98 ?g/mL, respectively, while Zeocin gave an IC50 of 4.89 ?g/mL. These compounds also exhibited strong antiproliferative effects against MCF - 7 with IC50 values of 4.13 for 1 and 4.20 ?g/ mL for compound 2, comparable to Zeocin with IC50 = 3.68 ?g/mL. Only moderate cytotoxicity resulted when compounds 1 and 2 were tested against H69PR with IC50 values of 7.78 and 6.83 ?g/mL, respectively, while Zeocin exhibited an IC50 of 9.81 ?g/mL. Furthermore, compounds 1 and 2 showed no effects against THP - 1 (IC50 > 100 ?g/mL), while Zeocin showed an IC50 of 4.73 ?g/mL. Although compounds 1 and 2 have been reported to exhibit different bioactivities in previous studies, the cancer cell lines tested and/or the polarities of the solvents for extraction varied. Therefore, comparisons of the cytotoxic activities of compounds 1 and 2 with earlier studies could not be made extensively.
2 illus, 1 table, 27 ref
ACHARJEE N, MONDAL S
047796 ACHARJEE N, MONDAL S ( Chemistry Dep, Durgapur Government Coll, Durgapur - 713214, Email: nivchem@gmail.com) : N - t - Butyl - ? - aryl Nitrones as Potent Spin Traps: DFT analysis of electron localization function topology, local selectivity, reactivity and solvent effects. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1191 - 6.
Density functional theory studies were performed to analyze the reactivity and selectivity of radical capture by N - t - butyl - ? - aryl nitrones. Biologically relevant three important radicals viz. hydroxyl, methyl and hydroperoxyl were selected for the study. Topological analysis of the electron localization function (ELF) allows to classify these nitrones as zwitter - ionic type three atom components (TAC). Effects of electron withdrawing and electron donating C - aryl substituents on the electronic chemical potentials, global hardness, electrophilic and nucleophilic indices of nitrones were observed. Radical attack at the carbon atom was predicted by Merz - Kollman algorithm, which is in agreement with the experiments unlike the natural population analysis. Hydroxyl adducts were predicted to be more stable than methyl and hydroperoxyl adducts. cis - Adducts were more stable than the trans - , with the highest differences in stability noted for the methyl adducts. Relative energies of adducts was lowered in non - polar solvents and thus increase in stability was observed along the series from water to heptane.
6 illus, 4 tables, 39 ref
RAJA K D, RAMANA V S V, BABU K R, BABU B K, KUMAR V J, KUMAR K S R P, SHARMA H K
047795 RAJA K D, RAMANA V S V, BABU K R, BABU B K, KUMAR V J, KUMAR K S R P, SHARMA H K (Analytical Research Dep, Aurobindo Pharma Limited Research Centre - II, Sangareddy - 502329, Email: durgaraj.kondempudi@rediffmail.com) : Simultaneous and trace level determination of six potential impurities by UPLC - ESI - MS/MS in antiarrhythmic drug: dronedarone hydrochloride. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1183 - 90.
Development and validation of six potential impurities by ultra performance liquid chromatography electro spray ionization tandem mass (UPLC - ESI - MS/MS) method for dronedarone hydrochloride drug was accomplished coherent with ICH guidelines. Successful chromatographic separation of dronedarone with its six impurities was attained by using gradient elution mode on RP - UPLC column using three pump mode system of 0.1 % formic acid in water as mobile phase A, methanol as the mobile phase B and solvent mixture of methanol, acetonitrile and water in the ratio of 65:30:5 v/v/v as the mobile phase C. Chromatographic conditions were set as 0.3 mL min - 1 flow rate at the column temperature of 45 ?C with the injection volume 2 ?L. Briefly, the method enabled quantitation of six impurities with high accuracy (recovery > 90 %) and precision (% RSD < 5.0),within the ranges of 0.18 - 2.82 ?g g - 1. The regression (r) for each impurity over a range was > 0.99. The detection limit and quantitation limit of impurities were set at 0.09 and 0.18 ?g g - 1, respectively. The performed validation tests proved the suitability of the method for its intended purposes.
4 illus 4 tables, 19 ref
BHARTI , JANGWAN J S , KUMAR A, KUMAR V
047794 BHARTI , JANGWAN J S , KUMAR A, KUMAR V ( Chemistry Dep, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Univ, Badshahithaul - 249199, Email: chemistry.bharti@gmail.com) : Analysis of organochlorine pesticides in drinking water and their degradation by synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1177 - 82.
This study reports the analysis of drinking water sources of river Krishni catchment, contaminated by organochlorine pesticides. Iron oxide nanoparticles had been synthesized through co - precipitation method and utilized for the degradation of organochlorine pesticides using advanced oxidation processes. The sharp and narrow peaks of X - ray diffraction patterns revealed the crystalline nature of synthesized iron oxide nanoparticles having size less than 100 nm. The nanoparticles were also characterized using TEM, UV - Vis and IR spectral analysis. Liquid - liquid extraction and GC - MS were used for the detection analysis of pesticides. GC - MS technique was used for further quantitative analysis of 19 pesticides. The degradation analysis showed the maximum amount of degradation (up to 98.38 %) of organochlorine pesticides.
9 illus, 3 tables, 17 ref
SINGH N, PANDEY J
047792 SINGH N, PANDEY J (Amity Univ, Lucknow - 226 028, Email: jpandey@lko.amity.edu) : One - Pot, Water - Mediated, H2O2 - HCl catalyzed synthesis of benzazepines. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1165 - 8.
One - pot, multicomponent H2O2 - HCl catalyzed system was employed for the synthesis of a series of benzazepine compounds. The implemented procedure oxidized the carbon - nitrogen bonds and produced benzazepines, while integrating diamines and substituted ketone. The advantage of the exercised synthetic route was that the reaction was water mediated and the completion time was quite reduced compared to the time required by conventional methods.
1 table, 22 ref
RAO L V, RAO K T, KANDEPI V V K M
047791 RAO L V, RAO K T, KANDEPI V V K M ( Chemistry Dep, GITAM Institute of Science, Visakhapatnam - 530045, Email: lakinani.gitam@gmail.com) : A Validated RP - HPLC method for estimation of related compounds in hydroxy naproxen. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1158 - 64.
A simple, linear gradient liquid chromatographic method (RP - HPLC) is proposed for the simultaneous estimation of related compounds in hydroxy naproxen samples. Chromatographic separation was achieved on Zorbax SB C8 (150 ? 4.6) mm, 3.5 ?m particle size RRLC short column and eluent A used as 0.1% v/v trifluoroacetic acid in water and eluent B used as acetonitrile using Agilent RRLC (UHPLC) system. The mobile phase flow rate was 1.0 mL/min and the eluted compounds were monitored at 235 nm for related substance method and assay method. The excellent resolution was obtained between hydroxy naproxen and its related compounds, which were eluted within 25 min. The performance of the method was validated with respect to ICH guidelines for specificity, limit of detection, limit of quantification, linearity, accuracy, precision and robustness. The correlation coefficient(r) was > 0.995 for both the methods from linearity data and percentage of recovery is 98.0 to 102.0 for assay method and 80.0 to 120.0% for related substance method. Sensitivity of the method was found be less than 0.5 ?g/mL. Peak homogeneity data for naproxen in the chromatograms from the selectivity solution obtained by use of the photodiode array detector demonstrated the specificity of the method for analysis of hydroxy naproxen in presence of the related compounds.
7 illus, 10 tables, 27 ref
SHETTY P R, SHIVARAJA G, KRISHNASWAMY G, PRUTHVIRAJ K, MOHAN V C, SREENIVASA S
047790 SHETTY P R, SHIVARAJA G, KRISHNASWAMY G, PRUTHVIRAJ K, MOHAN V C, SREENIVASA S (Studies and Research in Organic Chemistry Dep, Tumkur Univ, Tumakuru - 572103, Email: drsreenivasa@yahoo.co.in ) : Synthesis, characterization, biological screening, ADME and molecular docking studies of 2 - phenyl quinoline - 4 - carboxamide derivatives. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1151 - 7.
In this work, some 2 - phenyl quinoline - 4 - carboxamide derivatives (5a - j) were synthesized via base catalyzed Pfitzinger reaction of isatin and acetophenone followed by C - N coupling reaction using POCl3 and assessed them for their in vitro antimicrobial and anticancer activity. The structure of newly synthesized compound were established by FT - IR, 1 H & 13C NMR and Mass spectrometric analysis. The synthesized carboxamides were subjected to preliminary in vitro antibacterial activity as well as for antifungal activity. Results of antibacterial activity were compared with standard antibacterial (ciprofloxocin) and antifungal (fluconozole). Among the tested compounds, 5d, 5f and 5h exhibited promising activity with zone of inhibition ranging from 10 to 25 mm. Further, the anticancer activity determined using MTT assay against two cancer cell lines. Compounds 5b, 5d, 5f and 5h showed good anticancer activity among all the other derivatives. In order to correlate the in vitro results, in silico ADME and Molecular docking studies were carried out for (5a - j). ADME properties results showed that all the compounds obey rule of Five rule except 5a, 5e and 5g compound. Molecular docking studies of the synthesized compounds showed good binding affinity through hydrogen bond interactions with key residues on active sites as well as neighboring residues within the active site of chosen target proteins viz. antibacterial, antifungal and anticancer. Comparison of both results of in silico as well as in vitro investigation suggests that the synthesized compounds may act as potential antimicrobial as well as anticancer agents.
3 illus, 3 tables, 28 ref
SONG J H, BAE S M, CHO S K, CHO J H, JUNG D I
047789 SONG J H, BAE S M, CHO S K, CHO J H, JUNG D I ( Chemistry Dep, Dong - A Univ, Busan 604 - 714, Republic of Korea, Email: jhsong@dau.ac.kr; dijung@dau.ac.kr) : A Study on N - Substituted Nortropinone Synthesis using Acetone Equivalents. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1145 - 50.
Robinson?s synthesis has long been a classic in organic chemistry due to its simplicity and impact in the industry. Various modifications have been made to improve the system. Among them, replacing acetone with more acidic chemical equivalents such as calcium dicarboxylic acid or ethyl dicarboxylic acetone improved the yield. In line with this trend, our group previously reported the synthesis of mono - and diN - substituted tropinone derivatives from the one - pot reaction of 2,5 - dimethoxy tetrahydrofuran and various amines with acetonedicarboxylic acid in the presence of HCl and water at room temperature. In this study, the synthesis with acetone instead of acetone - dicarboxylic acid was examined. Mono - and di - N - substituted nortropinones were prepared in higher yields in all cases although there were extent to which yields increased depending on the nature of substituents.
2 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref
QURAISHI I S, PAWAR R A, SHINDE D R, TAMBADE P S, CHASKAR M G
047788 QURAISHI I S, PAWAR R A, SHINDE D R, TAMBADE P S, CHASKAR M G ( Chemistry Dep, Prof. Ramkrishna More Coll, Akurdi, Pune - 411044, Email: drshindechemistry1970@gmail.com ) : Solar Photocatalytic Activity of Nanocrystalline ZnO obtained from different precursors. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1139 - 44.
In present study, ZnO photocatalysts were successfully synthesized by thermal decomposition of different precursors. Thermal decomposition temperatures of precursors were obtained by thermogravimetric analysis. The synthesized ZnO photocatalysts were characterized for their crystalline phase, surface morphology and band gap, respectively by powder X - ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and diffuse reflectance spectroscopic methods. Chemical analysis of synthesized ZnO photocatalysts was performed for Zn(II) content. Photocatalytic activity of ZnO photocatalysts was evaluated under the solar irradiation on crystal violet dye in aqueous solution. The results of experiments showed that ZnO synthesized from zinc carbonate consists of higher photocatalytic activity than ZnO synthesized from other precursors, which is even higher than bench mark Degussa P - 25 TiO2 photocatalyst. ZnO synthesized from zinc carbonate is further used for mineralization of dyes from three different effluents.
9 illus, 3 tables, 26 ref
AGARWAL M, SINGH M, HUSSAIN J
047787 AGARWAL M, SINGH M, HUSSAIN J ( Chemistry Dep, Galgotias Univ, Greater Noida - 201306, Email: meenuagarwal303@yahoo.in) : Evaluation of Groundwater Quality for Drinking Purpose using Different Water Quality Indices in Parts of Gautam Budh Nagar District, India . Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1128 - 38.
Water Quality Index (WQI) is a mathematical value for quality of water, which includes the concentration of a number of constituents present in it. Chemical and biological measures of water quality are used to represent water quality index. Measured value of the selected parameters, ideal concentration of that parameter in pure water and standard value given by different quality control organizations are used to determine this number. In the present study, three indexing methods; Weighted Arithmetic Water Quality Index (WAWQI), Groundwater Quality Index (GWQI) and Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) were used to calculate water quality index of groundwater. A hydrochemical analysis of 22 groundwater samples was conducted to evaluate the quality of groundwater for drinking purpose. Ten hydrochemical parameters were selected for computing WQIs of groundwater samples and BIS standards were used for standardization. Analytical results show that 100 % of samples have magnesium and total hardness above the acceptable limit of BIS (10500, 2012). The mean concentration of nitrate was found 196.96 ? 9.3.18 mg/L. Spatial distribution of various parameters shows that south - east part of study area has contaminated groundwater. The results of water quality index shows that drinking water quality of 82 % (WAWQI), 95 % (GWQI) and 77 % (CCME WQI) of groundwater samples were poor to unsuitable type. Water quality index map also reveals that groundwater of village Badhpura, Dhoom Manikpur, Dairy Maccha, Khera Dharampura, Bisrakh road, Duryai and Dujana of district Gautam Budh Nagar of India, was not fit for human consumption.
9 illus, 6 tables, 45 ref
GUPTA M K, TANDON P K, SHUKLA N, SINGH H, SRIVASTAVA S
047786 GUPTA M K, TANDON P K, SHUKLA N, SINGH H, SRIVASTAVA S ( Chemistry Dep, Univ of Allahabad, Allahabad - 211002, Email: mahesh27620@gmail.com : mahesh27620@gmail.com ) : Efficient removal of methyl orange and rhodamine - B dyes with low cost banana peel activated carbon. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1121 - 7.
Acid activated carbon obtained from cheap, non - toxic and locally available banana peel was used as a low cost and efficient adsorbent for the removal of dyes methyl orange and rhodamine - B from the aqueous solution. Changes in the resulting material before and after activation and after treatment were studied by different techniques, such as SEM - EDX, XRD, FTIR measurements. Effects of duration of treatment, amount of banana peel activated carbon, pH, and initial methyl orange and rhodamine - B concentration, on the removal of dye were studied to get optimum conditions for maximum dye removal. Removal efficiency of the activated ash remains almost constant in a wide range of pH from 2.5 to 5.6. In 75 min at room temperature removal of 98.5 % methyl orange (anionic) and 99.0 % rhodamine - B (cationic) dyes with 0.1 g and 0.125 g, respectively was obtained from the contaminated water having 10 ppm dye concentration.
7 illus, 2 tables, 42 ref
HOANG N V, TUAN N C
047785 HOANG N V, TUAN N C (Institute of New Technology, Hanoi, Vietnam, Email: minhtitvoi2009@gmail.com, tuansintep@gmail.com) : Degradation kinetics of 2,4,6 - trinitrophenol from water using atmospheric air cold plasma. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1116 - 20.
The degradation studies of picric acid (2,4,6 - trinitrophenol, TNP) in water sample through a dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) of atmospheric air cold plasma was carried out. The used DBD reactor consisted of comprised two electrodes that were separated by using an insulating dielectric barrier having a electric discharge voltage varying from of 7.0 to 22.0 kV. The effects of the initial concentration of TNP on the initial degradation rate was investigated methodically. The initial degradation rate was determined experimentally by changing the initial concentrations of TNP between 91.02 and 210.17 mg/L using the DBD of cold air plasma. From experimental results, a kinetic equation for TNP degradation was established based on varying initial concentration as ?R = 0.0252CTNP/(1+0.0076CTNP). When 0.0076CTNP << 1, the kinetics of TNP degradation complied with the pseudo - first - order reaction. For TNP degradation kinetics, such as ln (Ct/C0) = 0.0269t + 0.1605, ln (Ct/C0) = 0.0197t + 0.0792, and ln (Ct/C0) = 0.014t + 0.0623, the initial concentrations of TNP were 91.02, 153.3 and 210.17 mg/L, respectively. Moreover, the effect of initial concentration of TNP and the electric power on the degradation efficiency of TNP were determined.
6 illus, 2 tables, 28 ref
LACHAKKAL S K, RUDRAPPA, ILIGER S R, THIPPAIAH D
047784 LACHAKKAL S K, RUDRAPPA, ILIGER S R, THIPPAIAH D (Post - Graduate Studies and Research in Polymer Science Dep, Univ of Mysore, Mandya - 571402, Email: demappa@uni - mysore.ac.in ) : Synthesis and characterization of chemically cross - linked CMC/acrylamide hydrogels. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1109 - 15.
Carboxymethyl cellulose/poly(acrylamide) (CMC/Amm) hydrogels were synthesized by the chemical cross - linking method. Ammonium persulfate used as an initiator, while aluminium sulfate used as a cross - linking agent. The structure and morphology of the hydrogels were characterized by FTIR and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. The swelling behaviour of the hydrogels can be studied by using acids (CH3COOH, HCl and HClO4) and also in the pH of the buffer solutions at different temperature (room temperature, 30 and 37 ?C) was studied. Swelling of hydrogels increased with an increase in the concentration of aluminum sulfate up to 20 %, above 20 % it has found to be decreased. The effect of four series of cationic different concentrated salt solutions on the swelling had found to be the following order K+ > Na+ > Ca2+ > Mg2+.
2 illus, 3 tables, 27 ref
SHARMA V K, BARDE A, RATTAN S
047783 SHARMA V K, BARDE A, RATTAN S (Amity Univ, Noida - 201313, Email: srattan@amity.edu, anup.barde@ibs.net.in) : Design, synthesis and characterization of pyrimidine based thiazolidinedione derivatives. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1101 - 8.
Novel thiazolidine - 2,4 - dione (TZD) based pyrimidine derivatives have been synthesized by Knoevenagel condensation reaction between thiazolidine - 2,4 - dione and amino pyrimidinyl aliphatic aldehydes followed by heterogeneous metal reduction. Synthetic strategy involved nucleophillic substitution of hydroxyl protected six membered aliphatic chain on 4,6 - dichloropyrimidine followed by Suzuki coupling. This approach is regioselective, efficient and versatile for synthesis of such analogs.
1 table, 23 ref
YADAV K K, KUMAR A, AZIZ M K, SABA R, RAJAK A, SRIVASTAVA S
047782 YADAV K K, KUMAR A, AZIZ M K, SABA R, RAJAK A, SRIVASTAVA S ( Chemistry Dep, Univ of Allahabad, Allahabad - 211002, Email: shekhsri@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and Characterization of [CrLCl2]Cl Complexes (where L = S4 Macrocyclic Ligands): A Photoelectron Spectroscopic Study. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1097 - 1100.
In this study, five complexes of the type [CrLCl2]Cl [where L = S4 macrocyclic ligands] were prepared and analyzed by elemental analysis, molar conductivity, infrared and X - ray photoelectron spectroscopy and their geometry was established as octahedral.
2 illus, 3 tables, 61 ref
SINGH N P, AGARWAL U, KUMAR A, KUMAR K
047781 SINGH N P, AGARWAL U, KUMAR A, KUMAR K ( Chemistry Dep, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorakhpur Univ, Gorakhpur - 273009, Email: npsmcm.in@gmail.com) : Novel Cr(III), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) complexes of schiff base ligand derived from salicyaldehyde and 3,4 - diaminotoluene: synthesis, characterization and biological screening. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1091 - 6.
A new Schiff base ligand (L) [2,2? - ((1Z,1?Z) - ((4 - methyl - 1,2 - phenylene)bis(azanylidene))bis(methanylylidene))diphenol], derived from condensation of salicyaldehyde and 3,4 - diamino toluene. The synthesized ligand was used for complexation with different metal ions Cr(III), Co(II), Zn(II) and Cd(II) using a molar ratio of metal:ligand (1:1). The synthesized ligand and its metal complexes were characterized by TLC, NMR (1 H & 13C), UV - visible, mass, FT - IR spectroscopies, elemental analysis, magnetic moment and conductivity measurement. On the basis of above studies the proposed structure of synthesized mononuclear metal complexes have been found to possess tetrahedral geometry while Cr(III) and Co(II) ions possess octahedral geometry. The spectral studies revealed that the synthesized ligand was acting as tetradentate chelating agent and coordinated to metal centre via deprotonated phenolate oxygen and azomethine - N atom. The biological activity of ligand and its metal complexes were screened in vitro against Gram - negative bacteria (Salmonella typhimurium and E. coli), Gram - positive bacteria (Staphylococcus aureus and Bacillus subtilis) and fungus (Aspergillus fumigatus) to ascertain their antibacterial and antifungal properties.
3 tables, 45 ref
KAMAL M, KADDOUR A A, HAROUN M, YASSIN M
047780 KAMAL M, KADDOUR A A, HAROUN M, YASSIN M (Al - Andalus Univ for Medical Sciences, Qadmous, Syria, Email: mk1@au.edu.sy, mahmoud.kamal.s.k@gmail.com) : GC - MS analysis of european mistletoe (Viscum album L.) Plant grown at syrian coastal area. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1087 - 90.
In this study, efforts were made to isolate phtochemicals from European mistletoe (Viscum album L.) using hot (Soxhlet) and cold (magnetic rotation) extraction methods. The dried Viscum album L. (10 g) were extracted exhaustively by Soxhlet with methanol and dichloroethane solvents. Subsequently, 1 ?L of sample was utilized for GC/MS analysis, which exhibited 50 peaks of phytoconstituents in the range of 0.12 - 22.04%. The highest flavonoids content was determined using quercetin calibration curve having a value of 62.26 mg QE/g dry weight.
1 illus, 1 table, 14 ref
YAO S, CAI Z, HUANG X, SONG L
047779 YAO S, CAI Z, HUANG X, SONG L (Yancheng Institute of Technology, P.R. China, Email: jsyc_czs@163.com) : Preparation of salicylic nitrile through direct catalytic dehydration of salicylamide with immobilized phosphoric acid as catalyst. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1082 - 6.
Salicylic nitrile was prepared through direct catalytic dehydration of salicylamide under high temperature using immobilized phosphoric acid as catalyst. The catalytic performances of different catalysts were evaluated according to the analytic results of GC - MS, and the feasibility about the preparation of salicylic nitrile by direct catalytic dehydration of salicylamide was investigated according to the composition of product determinated by GC analysis (area nomalization). Experimental results indicated the comprehensive property of silica gel supported phosphoric acid was the best one among all of the catalysts utilized in this study. When the temperature of catalyst bed was 480 ? 10? and silica gel supported phosphoric acid was utilized as catalyst, the conversion ratio of salicylamide was 88.79%, the selectivity to salicylic nitrile was 97.97% and the yields of salicylic nitrile could up to 86.99%. Meanwhile, the experimental results showed the increase of temperature of catalyst bed could result in the increase of the conversation of salicylamide, but much more byproduct could be formed when the temperature of catalyst bed was too high.
8 illus, 4 tables, 20 ref
BENCELA M, KUMARI S S
047778 BENCELA M, KUMARI S S (Chemistry & Research Centre Dep, South Travancore Hindu Coll, Nagercoil - 629002, Email: bencela88@gmail.com) : Synthesis, spectroscopic and antimicrobial studies of Co(II), Cu(II) and Ni(II) complexes of schiff base derived from citral and L - Histidine. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1075 - 81.
A new series of [M(L)Y]X?nH2O (M = Co(II) and Cu(II), where Y = H2O, X= NO3 ? , n = 3), M = Ni(II), where Y = H2O, X = NO3 ? , n = 2) complexes with new Schiff base ligand (L) were synthesized by the condensation of citral and L - histidine. The ligand and its M(II) complexes were characterized based on elemental analysis, spectroscopic studies like FT - IR, electronic, 1 H NMR, 13C NMR, ESR data, also accompanied with thermal studies, magnetic susceptibility and molar conductance measurements. In the light of these results, distorted square planar geometry were proposed for the M(II) complexes in which the M(II) centres are present in NNO coordination sphere. To evaluate the biological properties of the Schiff base ligand ( L) and its metal complexes, they were screened for their antibacterial and antifungal activities and the results indicate that the complexes exhibit the significant activity
3 illus, 5 tables, 36 ref
YAQOOB A A, UMAR K, AHMAD Z, IBRAHIM M N M, AHMAD A, BHAWANI S A
047777 YAQOOB A A, UMAR K, AHMAD Z, IBRAHIM M N M, AHMAD A, BHAWANI S A (Chemical Sciences Dep, Univ Sains Malaysia , Penang Malaysia, Email: mnm@usm.my, sabhawani@gmail.com ) : Synthesis of Ag@Polycarbazole nanocomposite using ferric acetate as an oxidant. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1069 - 74.
Silver nanowires and Ag@polycarbazole nanocables have been effectively fabricated. Polyol - reduction and ion adsorption process were used to fabricate pure silver nanowires and Ag@polycarbazole nanocomposite by using an oxidant (iron acetate). Ions of oxidant were adsorbed on the surface of pure silver nanowires to oxidize carbazole monomers for efficient polymerization. The morphology of nanowires and Ag@PCz composite were characterized by using SEM, FT - IR and photoluminescence analysis. The SEM shows the presence of a smooth polymeric sheath. FT - IR and photoluminescence analysis shows dominant peaks that indicate the presence of silver nanowires and polycarbazole (PCz) with a smooth polymeric coating. Nanoparticle analyzer was used to determine z - average and actual size of sample. UV - visible spectrum shows two bands that were dominant at 345 and 410 nm. These are ? to ?* transitions that indicates the presence of polycarbazole nanocables.
7 illus, 2 tables, 27 ref
KUMARASWAMY K, GANDHAM H B, PRASAD R J D, REDDY B A, KALIYAPERUMAL M, RUMALLA C S
047776 KUMARASWAMY K, GANDHAM H B, PRASAD R J D, REDDY B A, KALIYAPERUMAL M, RUMALLA C S (Medicinal Chemistry Dep, GVK Biosciences Pvt. Ltd., Hyderabad - 500076, Email: chidanand_swamy@yahoo.co.in) : Isolation and characterization of novel degradation products of valsartan by nmr and high resolution mass spectroscopy: development and validation of valsartan by UPLC. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1064 - 8.
Valsartan is used to treat high blood pressure, heart failure and diabetic kidney disease. It was subjected to forced degradation under acidic, basic and peroxide mediated oxidation. The forced degradation was performed according to ICH guidelines Q1A(R2)?Stability Testing of New Drug Substances and Products. The drug was inert under peroxide mediated hydrolysis, two degradants (DP - Val - 1, DPVal - 2) were formed in base hydrolysis and one degradant (DP - Val - 3) was formed in acid hydrolysis. These degradants were initially identified through LC - MS and isolated by mass mediated purification system. DP - Val - 1 and DP - Val - 3 are already reported but their structures were not confirmed by 2D NMR studies. DP - Val - 2 is novel degradant and its structure has been elucidated by substantial analysis of high resolution mass spectrometry and 1D, 2D NMR spectroscopy. DP - Val - 1 consists of a mixture of rotamers and this hypothesis was confirmed by variable temperature NMR (VT - NMR). A stability indicating RP - UPLC method was developed and validated for assay determination valsartan API drug. A valsartan UPLC method was validated on Acquity BEH C - 18 2.1 ? 100 mm, 1.7 ?m column with shorter runtime of 6 min and the method was validated as per regulatory guidelines in terms of specificity, accuracy, linearity, precision, limit of detection and limit of quantitation.
8 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref
KASIMBI D, REDDY K H, DEVANNA N
047775 KASIMBI D, REDDY K H, DEVANNA N ( Chemistry Dep, Sri Krishnadevaraya Univ, Anantapuramu - 515 003, Email: khussainreddy@yahoo.co.in) : Spectral studies and antibacterial activity of vanadium(III) complexes of heterocyclic hydrazones. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1059 - 63.
Vanadium(III) complexes having the composition VLCl3 [where L = 2 - acetylpyridine acetoylhydrazone (APAH), 2 - acetylpyridine benzoylhydrazone (APBH), 2 - acetylthiophene acetoylhydrazone (ATAH) and 2 - acetylthiophene benzoylhydrazone (ATBH)] have been investigated using physico - chemical and analytical techniques. Molar conductivity data suggested that the complexes are neutral. Structures of all the vanadium(III) complexes are determined based on infrared and UV - visible spectral data. Electronic spectra of vanadium(III) complexes show three peaks suggesting octahedral structure. Comparison of vibrational spectra of hydrazones and complexes suggest that the hydrazones act as neutral tridentate ligands. The ligands and their vanadium derivatives are screened for their bacteria destroying activity against pathogenic bacterial strains viz. Gram - negative E. coli, Gram - positive Bacillus, Gram - positive Staphylococcus aureus and Gram - negative P. aureoginosa. Bacteria destroying activities of present complexes are comparable to the activity of the streptomycin. Complexes show more activity than their respective ligands in the case of Gram - positive Bacillus and Gram - negative P. aureoginosa.
2 illus, 4 tables, 45 ref
MINI R, BEAULA T J, MUTHURAJA P, JOTHY V B
047774 MINI R, BEAULA T J, MUTHURAJA P, JOTHY V B (Physics Dep, Women?s Christian Coll, Nagercoil - 629 001, Email: benaezhil@yahoo.com ) : Supramolecular Assembly Interceded by C - H???O Hydrogen Bonds and Nitro????(arene) Interactions of Antibacterial 4 - Methyl - (2 - nitro benzylidene)aniline using DFT and its spectral studies. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1048 - 58.
4 - Methyl - (2 - nitrobenzylidene)aniline (MNBA) was grown and its structural as well as spectral analyses (FT - IR, FT - Raman, UV and NMR) using experimental and DFT computations were performed to understand its biological applications. Stability of molecule, charge delocalization, charge analysis and charge transfer interactions had been explored to examine the structural analysis. Docking studies also suggested that 4 - methyl - (2 - nitrobenzylidene)aniline exhibit antibacterial activity. Supramolecular assembly of 4 - methyl - (2 - nitrobenzylidene)aniline molecule was interceded by C - H???O hydrogen bonds and nitro????(arene) interactions.
13 illus, 10 tables, 36 ref
MANIVANNAN R, DEVI D S
047773 MANIVANNAN R, DEVI D S ( Chemistry Dep, Government Arts Coll, Kumbakonam - 612001, Email: manickam_mani@yahoo.co.in) : Structure elucidation of new flavone and antioxidant, anti - inflammatory activities from leaves of vitex negundo linn.. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1043 - 7.
A medicinally active chemical investigation on the leaves of Vitex negundo induce the confinement and identification of flavones apigenin (1), kaempferol (2) and one new flavone 5,7,4? - trihydroxy - 3,3?,6,8 - tetramethoxy flavone (3) and one known and rare flavone 5,7,4? - trihydroxy - 6,3?,5? - trimethoxyflavone (4). These compounds composition were well - established on account of chromatography and spectroscopic sign and correlation with literature data. Antioxidant and carrageenan - induced paw edema in male albino rats were determined. Compounds 1 and 2 exhibited the most potent antioxidant effect at a dose of 200 mg/kg. Compound 1 produced noticeable anti - inflammatory effects (2.66 ? 0.08 at 3 h of injection) lightly off that of other compounds.
1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref
GUPTA M, VALECHA S M
047772 GUPTA M, VALECHA S M ( Chemistry Dep, K.C. Coll, Churchgate, Mumbai - 400 020, Email: mridula.gupta@kccollege.edu.in) : Synthesis and characterization of new palladium(II) schiff base complexes derived from ? - Diketones and diamines. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1039 - 42.
A new series of heterocyclic Schiff bases were prepared from condensation of 1 - phenyl - 3 - methyl - 4 - acetyl/benzoyl - pyrazolone with 4,4? - diaminodiphenylmethane and 4,4? - diaminodiphenyl ether, resulting in the formation of four novel Schiff base ligands. These ligands were then treated with ethanolic solution of PdCl2, to form corresponding palladium(II) complexes. These complexes were characterized by elemental analysis, IR, 1 H NMR, TGA, magnetic susceptibility measurements and UV - visible absorption spectroscopy. All the Pd(II) complexes were found to have one coordinated water molecule. Schiff base ligands chelated with the metal atom through two donor sites N and O of azomethine ( - C=N - ) and phenolic ( - OH) groups, respectively.
1 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref
SENTHILKUMARAN G, SENTHIL S
047771 SENTHILKUMARAN G, SENTHIL S ( Chemistry Dep, Government Arts Coll, Salem - 636 007, Email: shendils@gmail.com ) : Synthesis and characterization of 1,2,3 - triazole containing Fe(II) Sensor. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1033 - 8.
A new bis(1,2,3 - triazolyl) imine based probe was designed and synthesized. Chemical structure of the probe was confirmed by IR, 1 H and 13C NMR spectroscopy. The probe was investigated for its recognition abilities in aqueous - organic mixture against various cations and anions. It shows a highly selective colorimetric response to Fe(II) ion by changing the colour from colourless to brownish pink. Chemosensitivity of the probe was investigated by absorption spectrometric titration with the Fe(II) ions. 1 H NMR titration studies indicated imine nitrogen and one of the nitrogen in triazole ring was involved in complex formation with Fe2+ ion. Energy optimization studies by DFT method exhibits a marginal energy gap between ligand and Fe(II) complex (0.1166 eV) confirms the formation of metal ligand complex.
7 illus, 38 ref
ALBARIMAN N H, SABRAN S F, OTHMAN N W, ISHAK N, DHEYAB A S, ANJUR N
047770 ALBARIMAN N H, SABRAN S F, OTHMAN N W, ISHAK N, DHEYAB A S, ANJUR N (Technology and Natural Resources Dep, Univ Tun Hussein Onn Malaysia, Johor 84600, Malaysia, Email: fatimahsb@uthm.edu.my, fatimahsabd7@gmail.com) : Insecticidal and repellant activities of southeast asia plants towards insect pests: A review. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1026 - 32.
Crops are being damaged by several plant pests. Several strategies have been developed to restrict the damage of cultivated plants by using synthetic pesticides and repellants. However, the use to control these insects is highly discouraged because of their risks on humans. Therefore, several alternatives have been developed from plant extracts to protect crops from plant pests. Accordingly, this review focuses on outlining the insecticidal and repellant activities of Southeast Asia plants towards insect pests. Several extracts of plants from Southeast Asia were investigated to explore their insecticidal and repellant activities. Azadiracha indica (neem) and Piper species were highly considered for their insecticidal and repellant activities compared to other plants. This review also addressed the investigation on extracts of other plant species that were reported to exert insecticidal and repellant activities. Most of the conducted studies have been still in the primarily stage of investigation, lacking a focus on the insecticidal and repellant spectrum and the identification of the active constituents which are responsible for the insecticidal and repellant activity
3 tables, 64 ref
SHET N, NAZARETH R, MURTHY P K, SUCHETAN P A
047769 SHET N, NAZARETH R, MURTHY P K, SUCHETAN P A (Studies and Research in Chemistry Dep, Tumkur Univ, Tumkur - 572103, Email: pasuchetan@gmail.com) : 4 - {[4 - (Dimethylamino)benzylidene]amino} - 5 - methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole - 3 - thiol as Corrosion Inhibitor for 316 Stainless Steel in 2.5 M Sulphuric Acid: An experimental and theoretical investigation. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 115 - 25.
The corrosion inhibition competence of 4 - {[4 - (dimethylamino)benzylidene]amino} - 5 - methyl - 4H - 1,2,4 - triazole - 3 - thiol (DBTT) on 316 stainless steel (316 SS) in 2.5 M H2SO4 was studied using various electrochemical as well as weight - loss measurements. The alloy surface was examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X - ray spectroscopy (EDX). Concentration effect on inhibition efficiency was investigated by varying concentration from 5 to 2000 ppm in the temperature range 30 - 60 ?C. Results indicated mixed - type inhibitory action of DBTT. The efficiency increased with the raise in concentration of DBTT and temperature, reaching a highest of 92.4 % at 60 ?C. Langmuir adsorption isotherm is obeyed. Calculation of different thermodynamic factors suggests that the adsorption is via both physisorption and chemisorption. In addition to these, several global reactivity parameters were calculated using DFT method at B3LYP/6 - 311++(d,p) basis set. Theoretical calculations are in good concurrence with the experimental results.
8 illus, 7 tables, 62 ref
AKILA A, SAKTHIVEL P, PONNUSWAMY S
047768 AKILA A, SAKTHIVEL P, PONNUSWAMY S ( Chemistry Dep, Government Arts Coll, Coimbatore - 641 018, Email: kspons2001@gmail.com) : Synthesis, characterization, stereochemistry and antimicrobial evaluation of N - Acyltetrahydrobenzodiazepin - 2 - ones. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1007 - 14.
A few N5 - substituted (1) and N1,N5 - disubstituted tetrahydro - 1,5 - benzodiazepin - 2 - ones (2 - 8) viz. N5 - chloroacetyl - , N5 - formyl - , N5 - dichloroacetyl - , N1,N5 - diethoxycarbonyl - , N1,N5 - bischloroacetyl - , N5 - piperazinoacetyl - and N5 - morpholinoacetyltetrahydro - 1,5 - benzodiazepin2 - ones have been synthesized. The characterization and conformational analysis of these compounds 2 - 8 have been carried out using IR and 1 H, 13C, DEPT & 2D (COSY & HSQC) NMR spectral techniques. The coupling constants for compounds 3 - 6 were determined by irradiating the C4 - methyl doublet. The appearance of major and minor conformers has been found in the case of benzodiazepin - 2 - ones (3 and 6) and the spectral data confirm the equilibrium due to ring inversion over the N - C=O rotation. The spectral data and the extracted coupling constant values revealed that the substituted tetrahydro - 1,5 - benzodiazepin - 2 - ones (2 - 8) prefer to adopt boat conformation. The antimicrobial activity of compounds 1 - 8 has also been evaluated.
6 illus, 3 tables, 54 ref
BASHA S F, ANWAR S
047767 BASHA S F, ANWAR S (Sciences and Humanities Dep, Vignan?s Foundation for Science, Technology and Research, Guntur - 522 213, Email: shaikanwarcu@gmail.com, drsa_sh@vignan.ac.in) : A Three Component Protocol for the Synthesis of Aziridines using BF3?(OEt)2. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 1001 - 6.
Synthesis of N - (1R,2S) - 2 - (bromo - 3 - oxo - 1,3 - diphenylpropyl) - 4 - methylbenzene sulfonamide and N - (1R,2S) - (2 - bromo - 3 - oxo - 1,3 - diphenylpropyl) - 4 - methylbenzene sulfonamide was carried out by a three component reaction using phenacyl bromide, p - toluenesulfonamide and carboxyaldehyde in presence of mild Lewis acid such as BF3?(OEt)2 in dichloromethane. The synthetic utility of this protocol was carried out with syn - isomer to yield corresponding cis - aziridines. This protocol was operationally simple for a wide variety of substituted carboxaldehydes and substituted phenacyl bromides.
3 tables, 32 ref
THOMAS R, PARDASANI P
047766 THOMAS R, PARDASANI P (Sreenidhi Institute of Science and Technology, Hyderabad - 501 301, Email: rajithomas28@gmail.com) : Theoretical rationalization of structure of transannular bonded germanium complexes containing amide functionality. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 995 - 1000.
Penta and tetra coordinated germanium complexes have been synthesized from N,N? - bis(2 - pyridyl)pyridine - 2,6 - dicarboxamide (H2L) and N - (pyridine - 2 - yl)picolinamide (HL1 ) with dialkyl/aryl and trialkyl/aryl germanium halides in 1:1 molar ratios. The molecular structures and electronic properties of complexes were well analyzed by GAUSSIAN 03 suit of programs. The transannular bonding observed in penta coordinated complexes have been well established by natural bond orbital, Wiberg bond index and molecular electrostatic potential analysis.
4 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref
RAMASAMY S, PONNUCHAMY S, PONNUSAMY S
047765 RAMASAMY S, PONNUCHAMY S, PONNUSAMY S (R & D Center, Visakhapatnam - 530 019, Email: ponnuchamy_85@yahoo.co.in) : Synthesis of selective bioactive pyridylpyridones: in silico studies and biological evaluations. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (5), 985 - 94.
Twenty three substituted pyridylpyridones were designed and performed for molecular docking studies against ? - amylase enzyme. The top three hit molecules were synthesized and characterized by 1 H NMR, 13C NMR, ESI - mass and FT - IR spectroscopic techniques. Experimental biological applications were studied for these compounds. The DFT calculations were executed for the hit compounds. In addition, molecular electrostatic potential mapping was also executed for additional support.
4 illus, 3 tables, 29 ref
HEMALATHA K, ILANGESWARAN D
047764 HEMALATHA K, ILANGESWARAN D ( Chemistry Dep, Rajah Serfoji Government Coll, Thanjavur - 613 005, Email: dhailangeswaran@gmail.com ) : Synthesis and characterization of piperidin - 4 - one derivatives using green solvent. Asian J. Chem 2020, 32 (4), 981 - 4.
A deep eutectic solvent of glucose - urea was found to be an inexpensive and effective reaction medium in the synthesis of piperidin - 4 - one derivatives. In this work, 3 - methyl - 2,6 - diphenyl piperidin - 4 - one (4a), 3,5 - dimethyl - 2,6 - diphenylpiperidin - 4 - one (4b), 2,6 - diphenylpiperidin4 - one (4c), piperidin - 4 - one (4d), 3,5 - dimethylpiperidin - 4 - one (4e), 3 - methyl - 2,6 - di(2 - hydroxyphenyl)piperidin - 4 - one (4f), 3,5 - dimethyl 2,6 - di(2 - hydroxyphenyl)piperidin - 4one (4g) were synthesized using a deep eutectic solvent (DES) of glucose and urea with the percentage composition of 60:40. The yields of these products were 82, 78, 75, 68, 72, 70 and 70 %, respectively. The products obtained were characterized by FT - IR and 1 H NMR spectroscopic techniques. A synthesis of piperidin - 4 - one derivatives by using this green solvent was considered to be new environmentally safe synthetic method.
32 ref