023469   Verma R K;Negi H;Joshi N (Building Pest Management, C.B.R.I. Roorkee, Environmental Science Dep, Kanya Gurukul Mahavidyalaya, Haridwar) : Termite control by using extracts of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium. J Envir Biosci 2008, 22(1), 97-100.

Toxicity and repellent potential of Chrysanthemum cinerariaefolium leaves extracts against termite Microcerotermes beesoni were studied through contact toxicity and repellency assay. study revealed that the petroleum ether extracts exhibits 58.2± 1.70% and 68.8±1.89% mortality after 24 hrs and 48 hrs of treatment respectively. The methanol chloroform extracts showed 66.8± 1,84%± and 67.0± 1.79% termite mortality. Petroleum ether extracts showed highest repellency of 75.0± 2.04% and 56.2± 1.44% followed by methanol residue butanol extracts> methanol hexane extracts. It was evident from the data that extracts of leaves of petroleum ether were found most effective repellent and also possess knock down effect against Microcerotermes beesoni.

2 tables, 8 ref

023468   Tripathi S;Pandey G C;Singh C S;Srivastava S K (Environmental Sciences Dep, Dr. R.M.L. Avadh Univ, Faizabad) : Physico-chemical analysis of effluents of Narang distillery, Nawabganj, Gonda. J Envir Biosci 2008, 22(1), 25-9.

Narang Distillery Nawabganj (Gonda, U.P.) effluents were analyzed for their physico-chemical characteristics (Temperature, odour, colour, pH, EC, Free CO₂, Total alkalinity, TDS, TSS, Total Hardness, DO, BOD & COO) and metals (Cd, Cr, Pb, Zn, Mn, Fe) during 2006-2007. Distillery effluents showed high levels of BOD, COD and metals. There was complete absence of DO levels. The distillery effluents contained high level of pollution potential, which were beyond the normal standard (except pH & total alkalinity).

1 table, 26 ref

023467   Sultana A;Kadam S U;Babar M (Geology Dep, Dnyanopasak College, Parbhani-431 401, Email: mdbabar2002@rediffmail.com) : Evaluation of pollution status and water quality index of groundwater from residential areas of Parbhani city (Maharashtra). Bionano Front 2009, 2(2), 112-15.

The investigation was undertaken to study the suitability of ground water and to understand the magnitude of the pollution at Parbhani city in Parbhani District. The bore water samples (BW) located along the natural streams are contaminated due to sewage and waste disposal in the streams from the Parbhani city. The chemical concentrations of TH, IDS and SO₄ of water samples at station numbers G, H, l and J are found to be greater than the water samples at station number A, B, C, D, E and F. The study revealed that the water samples (ByV) located near the areas of waste disposal sites and natural streams in which untreated sewage is dumped are more polluted compared to the other areas. This is also confirmed by the bacteriological study of the area. Similarly the bacterial contamination is too high and the percentage of Faecal coliform in the water of dug well (DW) is similar to that of sewage and stream water. The over all seasonal changes have been observed in the study area that may be attributed to rainy season.

1 table, 11 ref

023466   Singh D P;Saxena R S (NO, , Bharat Kutir, Agra Road, Etah-207 001) : Diuranal variation of zooplankton in Daryabganj lake of district Etah. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 39-40.

In an aquatic environment microorganisms exhibit a dominating influence upon its abiotic and biotic factors. The productivity of aquatic environment is directly correlated with the density of phytoplankton and Zoo plankton. Plankton is used as a food not only by planktoivorous fish also make used of this food component at one or other stage of their life cycle. The present investigation was carried out in Daryabganj lake of District Etah (U.P.).

1 table, 11 ref

023465   Singh D P;Saxena R S (NO, , 66 Indrapuri, Railway Road, Etah-207 001) : Macrozoobenthic fauna of lake Daryabganj (Etah) with reference to pollution. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 27-8.

Deals with the evaluation of water quality and pollution status of lake Daryabganj Etah (U.P.) Investigation revealed the pollution indication parameters such as free carbon-dioxide, hardness, chlorides showed their maxima at station 1. BOD was highest as station 2 (zone with domestic sewage). Slight reduction in free carbon dioxide and NH₃ - N was observed at station 3, still their concentrations were higher. Nickel and cadmium concentrations were maximum at station 3. Mercury was highest at station 2.

2 tables, 7 ref

023464   Shrivastava N;Rajawat J (Microbiology Lab., Govt. P.G. College, Kota, Rajasthan) : Impact of bacterial contamination of Chandloi river water on human health. Eco Res J Biosci 2008, 7-8(1-2), 58-62.

Water is of vital concern of mankind since it is directly linked with human welfare. Infect the maintenance of a healthy aquatic ecosystem is dependent on the bacteriological and physico-chemical characteristics of water and also on the biological diversity of water ecosystem. But due to improper disposal of human and animal excreta caused a the problem of bacterial pollution even, if sewage is not peoperly disposed of, it may contaminate land and water sources, and also negatively influence the health of humans. A great pressure has been put on the existing water resources, due to lack of sanitary facilities and improper water treatment, and consequently this untreated waste water gives best opportunity for the growth of various types of bacteria. No doubt, bacteria play an important role in the decomposition of particulate organic matter and regeneration of minerals, but high bacterial density in water also causes the pullution due to influx of organic mater through domestic sewage. Gupta et al. (2002), carried out comparative study of enrichment of nutrients in river water of Ghagara and Ganga. Due to different anthropogenic activities, the level of nutrients and heavy metals enhances in water which adversely affect the quality of water. The enrichment of nutrients due to various human activities was also observed by Tripathi (1982), Tiwari (1983) and Sikandar (1986). Microbiological analysis of water of river Barak was studied by Sinha et al. (2007), and observal the presence of E-Coli, Styphylococcus sp. Streptococcus sp. Bacillus sp. Sandhy (1979) had also observed low bacteriological density in the well waters as compare to the surface water. Ground water system was found to have consistently higher bacteriological load especially

2 tables, 16 ref

023463   Sharma V;Tiku A K (Biochemistry Dep, Allahabad Agricultural Institute, Deemed University, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Physico-chemical and enzymatic studies conducted on river/riverine micro-organisms subjected to heavy metal stress. Natn J Life Sci 2008, 5(2), 165-8.

Assaying of river waters (Ganga, Yamuna, Sangam) was performed in the city of Allahabad via physico-chemical, bacteriological and enzymatic parameters. Water samples were collected from the specific sites and subjected to analysis. Amalgamation of the results indicated inferior water quality at the Sangam site as compared to the sites of Ganga and Yamuna. The study revealed a lower level of pollution in the water samples obtained from Yamuna. From the observed results, it can be inferred that water quality of Ganga showed sub-standard.

6 tables, 7 ref

023462   Sharma A;Prakash B;Joshi S (Zoology Dep, govt. College Ajmer, Ajmer, Rajasthan) : Physico-chemical analysis of ground water quality in villages of Sarwar tehsil. Natn J Life Sci 2008, 5(1), 49-52.

Fluoride is a component of 80 minerals, the most widely recognized of them are fluoraptite, fluorite and cryolite. Natural waters vary in chemical composition of fluoride and the factors controlling the composition include physical, chemical and biological processes. Geologically, there is a belt underneath Aravali ranges, beginning from Panchrnahal (Gujarat) to Gurgaon (Haryana) and passing through southeast Rajasthan which is rich in fluorspar, cryolite and fluoraptite. The excess fluoride has several effects due to the deposition of fluoride on hard tissues. Although the problem of fluoride contamination of ground water is quite serious and widespread in Rajasthan, much of the problem can be mitigated -through health education and monitoring the seriousness of the problem. Early detection of fluoride toxicity manifestations is crucial for introducing preventive measures. Rainwater harvesting defluoridation techniques and intake of diet rich in calcium, vitamin C, E and anti-oxidants is the only solution for the new millennium community.

2 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

023461   Semwal N;Akolkar P;Jangwan J S (Chemistry Dep, S.R.T. Campus Badshahithaul, Tehri Garhwal, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Srinagar-246 174, Email: nrip_semwal@yahoo.co.in) : Use of benthic macroinvertebrates for assessment of impact of canalization on water quality of river Ganga (Bhagirathi). J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 191-6.

Development of the canal network results in alteration in substratum composition with the change in natural flow of river which subsequently affect the biological establishment in addition to physicochemical characteristics. Studies have indicated, under similar Class 'A' of Clean Biological Water Quality, there was change in water quality characteristics of river Ganga (Bhagirathi) water after its diversion, into Gang canal from Haridwar. Elevated levels of Conductivity, Total Dissolved Solids, Total Alkalinity, Total Hardness and Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen values were observed in Gang Canal compared to river water, whereas, Chloride and Phosphates values have been reduced in Gang Canal. Bacterial contamination in Gang Canal was mainly attributed to its soil origin. Due to lack of substratum, sediment bound micropollutants tend to increase in canal water. Disappearence of various genus of benthic macro-invertebrates belonging to river Ganga such as: Peltoperlidae, Leptoceridae, Brachycentridae, Goeridae, Stenopsychidae, Euphaeidae, Blephariceridae, Simulidae, Tipulidae, Corydellidae, Thiaridae, Hirudinidae, Planariidae and Lumbriculidae in Gang Canal indicated total loss of habitats as compared to river Ganga.

5 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref

023460   Saxena S;Akolkar P;Bhamrah H S (Zoology Dep, M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad-201 001, Email: saxena_sapna01@yahoo.co.in) : Impact of physicochemical characteristics of various genera of benthic macroinvertebrates of Hindon canal water quality on wetland of Okhla barrage bird sanctuary. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 233-9.

Wetland existing in wildlife habitats of Okhla Barrage demand water quality suitable for highly productive and rich biodiversity of fauna of benthic macroinvertebrates. Total 35 genera of Benthic macroinvertebrates were identified in Hindon Canal compared to only 13 genera in Hindon barrage and Okhla Barrage. The increase in number of genera in Hindon Canal was due to its hydrological conditions such as, flow, depth and width of canal. The decline in population of Odonates such as,Aeshna, genus of Coenagrionidae, Amphiterigidae and Protoneuridae showed habitat degradation in Okhla Barrage due to increase in Total Dissolved Solids (400.0-640.0 mg/l), Conductivity (636.0-993.0 mg/l), TotaI Alkalinity (184.0-314.0 mg/l) and Total Hardness (188.0-235.2 mg/l) in water quality. Only Peryonyx could survive the highest levels of COD (359 mg/l) and BOD (89.9 mg/l) in Hindon Canal water. As a result the Dissolve Oxygen level in Hindon Canal water was almost negligible (0.0-0.19 mg/l). The impact of chemical sources, was more prominent on aquatic life in Hindon Canal compared to Okhla Barrage.

4 tables, 8 ref

023459   Pappu K K;Raju D V S N;Manjulatha C (Zoology Dep, Andhra university, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh) : Impact of environment on the decline of fishery ressources of Bandaruvanipeta of Andhra Pradesh, India. Natn J Life Sci 2008, 5(2), 255-60.

On the east coast of India, in Srikakulam District of Andhra Pradesh, an important fishing village is resent namely Bandaruvanipeta, which lies on 84.4° longitude and 18.3° latitude. Here, the river Vamsadhara opens into the Bay of Bengal, creating a large nutrient rich area forming important fishing grounds for the capture fisheries. The rich bio-diversity of fisheries here includes finfish and shellfish. During the period of 1998-2007, a decline in the resources has been observed. Causative factors like eutrophication of estuary due to multifold sewage, urbanization, effect of saltpans, over exploitation etc. are mentioned. Conservation methods for the sustainability of resources were discussed.

5 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

023458   Mehta N J;Vaidya V K (Microbiology Dep, Institute of Science, 15, Madame Cama Road, Mumbai-400 032, Email: nihar_mehta29@yahoo.com) : Co-existence of heavy metal and antibiotic resistance in bacteria isolated from polluted environment. Bionano Front 2009, 2(2), 8-12.

An enormous increase in pollution due to the discharge of effluents containing large amounts of heavy metals from the industrial units to rivers and lakes is a matter of great concern in India. Considering this scenario, a detailed study was carried out to determine the occurrence of heavy metal resistant organisms from aquatic environments polluted by sewage and industrial effluents. All the isolates viz. Citrobacter freyndii, Escherichia coli, Bacillus giobisponts and Enterobacter aerogenes exhibited resistance to chromium, cadmium, mercury, nickel, copper and zinc. In all the cases this resistance co-existed with resistance towards various generations of antibiotics. Plasmid mediated heavy metal and antibiotic resistance was prevalent amongst the isolates obtained.

2 tables, 28 ref

023457   Mathivanan V;Vijayan P;Selvisabhanayakham; Elanchezhiyan C (Zoology Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002) : Impact of heavy metal cadmium on the bioaccumulation in selected tissues of fish Catla catla from river Cauvery, mettur, Salem district, Tamilnadu. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 251-5.

In the resent past, the surface and subsurface waters are becoming increasingly affected by activities of human beings, thereby the quality of water deteriorations in many aquatic formations. The effluents from various industries and other related sources contaminating the rivers. Thus even a single industrial source might produce many pollutional hazards, by releasing organic waste material and at the same time discharging trace amounts of heavy metals (Dorga and Kaw, 1989) and when the quantity of trace raetals exceeds beyond the limit, it causes some deleterious effect to the ecosystem (Dions and Kavinathan, 1992) and affect the aquatic farms, especially fishes (Mathivanan, 1988). Monitoring of heavy metals in fish tissues is a measure to provide an early indication of levels that are considered unsafe for people. Heavy metal uptake in aquatic organisms were reported by Mullar and Prosi (1978); Mathivanan (1988); Mathivanan et al (2004) & (2005); Norey et al (1990) and Malialakshiai (1997). Norey et al (1990) and Mahalakshmi, (1997). A prolonged period of entry of small doses of a snbstance capable of metal accumulating in a fish, organic leads to acute poisoning. Several metals are bioaccumulative and detrimental directly to fishes and indirectly human health. Hence, the impact of heavy metal cadmium on the Moaecumiilation in the selected tissue of fish, Catla catla collected from river Cauvery, Mettur, Salem District, Tamilnadu. Cadmium found to be accumulated maximum level in the gill and intestine than the kidney of fish. The results are discussed in details.

3 illus, 1 table, 25 ref

023456   Mathivanan V;Jeyachitra O;Selvisabhanayakam; Vijayan P;Elanchezhiyan C (Zoology Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002) : Environmental monitoring studies on river Cauvery at Thanjavur district, Tamilnadu in relation to pollution. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 225-31.

Deals with physicochemical aspects of Cauvery river at Tanjore District, Tamilnadu. Data were collected from three Stations to evaluate the, water quality for human consumption and irrigation. The physicochemical parameters vary from Station to Station depending upon quality and quantity of effluents and sewage water quality with regard to TDS, electrical conductivity, pH, total alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, iron, nitrate, chloride, fluoride, sulphate, phosphate, manganese, potassium and sodium were estimated according to the methods in APHA. pH, electrical conductivity, TDS, alkalinity, total hardness, calcium, magnesium, potassium. Sodium were higher in the dry season than in the rainy (wet) season. The results obtained for three sampling Stations during the dry season, (January, February) and rainy season (April, May, June). The results also indicated that relatively more K⁺ was released from land sources during the rainy season decomposing vegetable matter have been reported to rapidly release potassium. Hydrolysis of carbonates might have occurred forming hydroxide leading to increase in pH. A high variability in turbidity was found among sampling sites, which may have been due to localized saspensioa at sediment possibly caused by animals. High sodium content is considered to harmful as it induces hypertension. Excessive iron makes tissue damage. Agricultural runoff containing detergents etc, tend to increase PO₄ pollutions. The maximum values of hardness as observed in winter and maximum in summer. Nitrate values were generally high there was luxurious plant growth and abundance of decayed vegetation matter. The fluoride deposition causes several diseases and also leads to lethality. The results indicate that all the parameters are beyond the limit and unsuitable for human consumption. Hence, the water is not suitable for drinking and bathing purposes, whereas, it may be acceptable for irrigations.

16 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

023455   Manish Kumar;Aggarwal V (NO, Ganpati College of Engg. for Girls, Shahpur, Bilaspur, Haryana) : Pollution evaluation of Rispana river in eastern Doon valley region. Eco Res J Biosci 2008, 7-8(1-2), 40-7.

Studies the evaluation of water quality of Rispana river in Eastern Doon valley and its management by different techniques. Study was proposed to analyze various water samples of Raipur block including sub areas in it for its physico-chemical characteristics. Water quality parameters such as turbidity, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity, hardness, BOD, COD, TS, TDS,TSS, magnesium, manganese and toxic elements such as lead and iron was analyzed. It was observed that some harmful chemicals are hindering the proper growth of vegetation in Doon Valley. But in Doon valley the industrial effluents are very low as there are no harmful industries around the study area. Ground water contains salts which are derived from the location and movement of the water. The main purpose of analyzing the physico-chemical and toxicological characteristics of water are to determine its pollution status. In fact, the final status of a water body is governed by these factors and the status of the water is really the result of interaction of these factors. Hence it was concluded that ground water sources(underground water Raipur region) is hygienic and safer in all senses to be used for drinking or other domestic purposes without any specific treatment.

14 illus, 12 ref

023454   Kumbar S M;Ghadage A B;Patil S S (Zoology Dep, Arts, Commerce and Science College, Palus Dist. Sangli, Maharashtra) : Preliminary studies on physico - chemical parameters of pond water of Palus district Sangli (M.S.). Life Sci Bull 2008, 5(1), 59-61.

Physicochcmical parameters of pond water of Palus were analyzed to study the potability of water for, suitability for fish culture and domestic uses. Parameters such as color, odor, temperature, pH, total dissolved solid, dissolve oxygen, biological oxygen demand, free carbon dioxide; total hardness, alkalinity and chloride were considered for analysis. It was observed that value of total dissolved solid 210 mg/l and chloride 338.4 mg/l were above the tolerance limit.

1 table, 10 ref

023453   Karatas M;Sekert Y (Fisheries and Aquaculture Dep, Faculty of Agriculture, Gaziosmanpasa University, Tokat-60250, Turkey, Email: docdrmehmetkaratas@gmail.com) : Heavy metal levels in tissues of cyprinus carpio from kaz lake in Tokat, Turkey. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(4), 3310-12.

Samples of comrrlOnly consumed fish (Cyprinus carpio) were analyzed for concentrations of heavy metals (AI, Cd, Mn Cr, Cu, Fe, Ni, Pb, V and Zn) inhabiting the Kaz Lake (Tokat, Turkey). Heavy metal contents of muscle, gill and gonad tissues was detected in fresh matter by atomic absorption spectrophotometer and counted in mg kg^-1. With respect to concentrations of pollutants in the Kaz Lake should not pose any threat to the fishes and public health.

^ssc2 tables, 12 ref

023452   Jeenger C P;Mathur P (Environmental Studies Dep, MDS Univ, Ajmer, Rajasthan) : Vermicomposting of solid waste in Ajmer (Rajasthan). Life Sci Bull 2008, 5(1), 7-12.

One of the major task faced in the country, is the management of solid wastes. The concern for its safe disposal is of paramount importance for society. This problem is getting more complex day to day with an increase in urban population and with generation of new types of wastes. In Ajmer City, the total solid waste per day is about 150 MT. the amount and types vary from place to place in Ajmer city. In the present study the wastes were collected from different locations representing different population of different economic status. Their composition was analyzed. The amount of biodegradable (organic matter) wastes was estimated. The biodegradable wastes were separated from MSW and subjected to vermicomposting. The efficiency of conversion into manure was estimated and the quality of the compost was determined. Present study showed that biodegradable waste was successfully converted into vermicompost by using Eudrillus eugineae earthworms and prepared were free from filthy smell, harmful chemicals and pathogens and safe to handle even in bare hands. Being a balanced organic fertilizer, vermicompost increased vegetable production and substituted chemical fertilizer requirement when applied in the field at the rate of 10 MT per hectare.

3 illus, 4 tables, 10 ref

023451   Jadhav U N;Deshmukh A M (Microbiology Dep, Dr.B.A. Marathwada Uni.Subcentre, Osmanabad-413 501) : Decolorization of rem red and rem blue textile dyes by Micromonospora carbonacea. Bionano Front 2009, 2(2), 18-20.

The potential of Micromonospora carbonacea was evaluated for their ability to decolorize textile dyes Rem red and Rem blue. After decolorization of Rem red and Rem blue by Micrornonospora carbonacea in glycerol aspargine broth medium after 6 days, degradation products were extracted and used for analytical studies; which includes. Thin layer chromatography (TLC) and toxicity testing( microbial and phytotoxicity). Results indicate that Micromonospora carbonacea exhibit better potential for degradation of Rem red and Rem blue. Degradation products obtained are less toxic than original dyes and are most helpful for the growth of plants.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

023450   Gupta A K;Pandey P;Mehrotra M (NO, , 12 Dig Colony, Varanasi-221 002) : Removal of colour from carpet industrial waste water by fungi. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 47-8.

In the study, four fungal species namely Cladosporium cladosporioides, Fusarium oxysporum, Penicllium chrysogenum and Trichoderma harzianum have been used to study the decolourisation potential of these dominantly present fungi for red, green blue and orange dyes used in dyeing the yarns for carpet weaving at Varanasi. The result indicate that the water characteristics get deteriorated due to pollution load. The Peniciliium chrysogenum, Trichoderma harzianum, Cladosporium cladosporioides and Fusarium oxysporum were found to be more effective for decolourisation of red, blue, green and orange dyes respectively.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

023449   Eswaralakshmi R;Jayanthi J;Ragunathan M G (Advanced Zoology and Biotechnology Dep, Guru Nanak College, Chennai-600 042) : Light plus fluoxetine enhances nutrient mobilization during ovarian development in a freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei. J Envir Biosci 2008, 22(1), 101-5.

The organic compounds like protein carbohydrate and lipid have been quantitatively estimated in tissues such as haemolymph, hepatopancreas, muscle and ovary of a female fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium lamarrei lamarrei exposed to continuous light along with Fluoxetine treatment and all the tissues shows fluctuations in their contents due to Fluoxetine treatment. The results show that the light and fluoxetine have stimulated the mobilization of organic contents. The organic compounds were found to be deposited more in ovary than the hepatopancreas.

3 tables, 21 ref

023448   Dhembare A J;Pondhe G M (Zoology Dep, P.V.P. College, Pravaranagar-413 713) : Ground water characteristics and their significance with specific reference to public health in Chinchpur area, Maharashtra. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 121-3.

Decription of a 30 drinking water samples have been from dug well and tube well in order to find out the magnitude of health problem in Chinchpur area, Maharashtra. The water quality parameters viz- pH, TDS, TH, Ca, Mg, Cl, SO₄, PO₄ and NO₃ were carried out. The finding revealed that the contents in majority of sampling sites were below the WHO and ISI limits. The results were discussed in the light of WHO and LSI standards for drinking water and literature on public health aspects.

1 table, 9 ref

023447   Devendra Singh;Bansal S;Negi H;Aggarwal S K (Biotechnology Dep, Uttaranchal College of Science and Technology, Dehradun, Email: drsandeep_rawat@yahoo.com) : Bio-efficiency of fluoride on some behavioural changes in the fish Schizotharchithys progastus. J Envir Biosci 2008, 22(1), 107-11.

Adult and healthy specimens of Schizotharchithys progastus were exposed to fluoride for 90 days and observations were recorded on 30,60 and 90 days. Average increase in body length and weight was 4.6±0.7cm and 6,0±0.7gm respectively. About half of exposed fish died during experiment. While remaining half become sluggish. While control specimens gained 5.6±0.6cm and 7.5±0.8gm in length and weight. As per as Reno Somatic Index was compares with the specimens measured and weight on zero days.

4 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

023446   Deshmukh D R;Sonawane S R (Zoology Dep, Pratishthan Mahavidyalaya, Paithan-431 107) : Seasonal variation in abiotic factors of Godavari river at Paithan. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 143-5.

Deals with the seasonal variation in abiotic factors of Godavari river water. The abiotic factors include the temperature of water, dissolved oxygen, pH, alkalinity and hardness of water playing an important role in the distribution of planktonic flora and fauna.

1 table, 28 ref

023445   Dalal A;Arora M P (Zoology Dep, M.M.H. College, Ghaziabad-201 001) : Seasonal physicochemical fluctuations of water quality of river Hindon. J expl Zool 2008, 11(1), 125-31.

Investigation seasonal fluctuations of physicochemical nature of water of river Mindon was studied. For the purpose four sites were selected to collect samples monthly for a period of two years. The samples were subjected to investigation of various physicochemicai parameters. Some tests were immediately employed at the study sites and the other tests were employed in the laboratory. Water temperature, air temperature, colour, pH, TDS, suspended particles, free CO₂ carbohydrate alkalinity, bicarbonate alkalinity, calcium, ammonium, nitrogen, nitrite nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, iron, manganese, fluoride, sulphate, phosphate, magnesium, silicate, chloride, sodium, potassium, DO, BOD, COD and conductivity were studied and discussed.

21 ref

023444   Cholke P B;Mahajan M C (NO, , Nisarg ousing Society, Mahada, Morwadi, Pimpari, Pune-411 018) : Assessment of culturable aeromycoflora at four different sites from pimpri chinchwad. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 51-2.

Petriplates containing P. D. A. medium were exposed at four different sites from June 2004 to May 2006 in order to know the volumetric information of culturable molds in the atmosphere of Pimpri Chinchwad. Over a period of two years, in all 4259 colonies of culturable fungi constituted 26 genera with 42 species were recorded. In the 1 st year and 2nd year respectively 1934 and 2325 colonies, were recorded from four different sites.

2 illus, 5 tables, 11 ref

023443   Chitra K Y;Sree Ram Kumar N (Cell & Molecular Biology Laboratory, Zoology Dep, Nizam College, Basheerbagh, Hyderabad-500 001) : Preliminary study on the immune status of fish from the polluted water lake. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 9-10.

In the investigation the response of the lymphocytes to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) has been studied to evaluate the functional ability of the lymphocytes of the fish from the polluted waters of the Hussain Sagar lake. The percent migration inhibition levels against PHA in the control fish (obtained from the relatively non-polluted water bodies i.e., Himayatsagar and Osmansagar) were compared to those in the polluted water fish. The differences between them were statistically significant.

1 table, 2 ref

023442   Chauhan U K;Neelam Singh M;Singh A (NO, , TF-1, Univ Campus, A.P.S. Univ, Rewa-486 003) : Emerging antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from various drinking water sources of Rewa city (M.P.). Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 33-4.

In the study seven water samples from various drinking water sources situated in Rewa city were collected in the months of September in which the three water samples showed the presence of pathogenic bacteria Pseudomonas aeruginosa, where as single strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa, was isolated and identified from each of the three water samples. Thus high incidence of bacterial resistance to antibiotics was seen in drinking water.

2 tables, 15 ref

023441   Chakir M;Negoua H;Moreteau B;David J R (Laboratoire Aliment, Environment et Sante, Faculte des Sciences et Techniques, Universite C, BP 618, Marrakesh, Morocco, Email: david@legs.cnrs-gif.fr) : Quantitative morphometrical analysis of a north African population of Drosophila melanogaster: sexual dimorphism, and comparison with european populations. J Genet 2008, 87(4), 373-82.

Genetic variability of quantitative traits was investigated in a Moroccan population of Dmsophila melanogaster, with an isofe-male line design. Results were compared with data previously obtained from French populations. Although the environmental and thermal conditions are very different in France and Morocco, only two significant differences were observed: a shorter wing and a lighter abdomen pigmentation in Morocco. It is, therefore, concluded that Moroccan D. melanogaster are quite typical temperate flies, belonging to the Palaearctic region, and very different from the ancestral Afrotropical populations. Almost all traits were genetically variable, as shown by significant intraclass correlations among lines. Genetic correlations were highly significant among three size-related traits, while much lower between size and bristle numbers. Fluctuating asymmetry was greater for abdominal bristles than for sternopleural bristles. Sex dimorphism, analysed as a female/male ratio, was identical in French and Moroccan populations. Examination of the thorax length/thorax width ratio showed that the thorax is more elongated in females. Sexual dimorphism of wing length was significantly more correlated to thorax width than to thorax length. The results illustrate the value of measuring numerous quantitative traits on the same flies for characterizing the genetic architecture of a natural population. In several cases, and especially for genetic correlations, some interesting suggestions could be made, which should be confirmed, or invalidated, by more extensive investigations.

4 illus, 7 tables, 44 ref

023440   Bulut M;Akbulut M;Suat Ates A;Mendes M (Faculty of Fisheries, Canakkale Onsekiz Mari University, Canakkale, Turkey, Email: mbulut@comu.edu.tr) : Effect of some heavy metals on hatching of fertilized eggs in four marine fish species in aliaga bay (Eastern Aegean sea), Turkey. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(4), 2603-9.

The study was carried out to determine the effects of some heavy metals such as Cd, Mn, Zn on hatching success of fertilized eggs of four marine fish species, Dicentrarchus labrax (Linnaeus, 1758), Sparus aurata (Linnaeus, 1758), Dentex dentex (Linnaeus, 1758), Lithognathus mormyrus (Linnaeus, 1758) in Aliaga Bay (Eastern Aegean Sea). The relationships between heavy metal concentrations in eggs and their hatching success were determined by multiple linear regression analysis. Results showed that magnitude and type of the effects of the three heavy metals studied in this research on egg hatching ratios differed based on fish species. In terms of the magnitude of the effect, Zn has a greater effect than Cd and Mn on the hatching in D. dentex, while it is smaller in D. labrax. The effects of Zn on egg hatching are in the same direction and about the same level for S. aurata and L. mormyrus.

4 tables, 29 ref

023439   Aycicek M;Kaplan O;Yaman M (Chemistry Dep, Sciences and Arts Faculty, Firat University, Elazig, Turkey, Email: myaman@firat.edu.tr) : Effect of cadmium on germination, seedling growth and metal contents of sunflower (Helianthus annus L.). Asian J Chem 2008, 20(4), 2663-72.

Sunflower plants were grown by using the cadmium-added irrigation water at different concentrations. Increasing cadmium applications in irrigation water caused a decrease at dry weight in third week of the study. Cadmium concentration in shoot samples increase depending on cadmium in irrigation water while a stationary change was found in cadmium level of root samples after irrigation with 0.05 mg L^-1 cadmium. As similar cadmium in shoot, iron in root samples increase by all cadmium dozes. Furthermore, a stationary change in iron of shoot and zinc of both root and shoot were found for all doses and weeks.

3 tables, 34 ref

023438   Anju Singh;Acharya M;Chauhan U K (Environmental Biology Dep, A.P.S. Univ, Rewa, Madhya Pradesh) : Decolourization of paper mill effluent by bacteria. Life Sci Bull 2008, 5(1), 47-50.

This paper presents the colour remoal study and degradation of lignin, reduction of BOD, COD, pH of the paper mill effluent. The bacteria sp. like Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli used for the present study. Although the efficacy of both Pseudomonas, Klebsiella and E. coli in decolouring the effluent was almost of par, however, the former was found to be superior in terms of biodegradation of lignin and was therefor, selected for further studies. The Pseudomonas, sp. degradation of lignin and reduction of pH, BOD, COD and colour, and E. coli decolourizing about 80-90% the effluent colour. During the study in addition of above reported values of decolourization and lignin degradation, considerable amount of BOD, COD and pH reduction was also observed.

1 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

023437   Akhtar A;Meena K K (NO, , C/o, Mr. Mohd. Mohsin, Naya Gaon, Police Line, Kota-324 001) : Effect of coal generated wastes on the foliar features of Solanum melongena L.. Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 29-30.

In investigation attempts have been made to compare the foliar features of Solarium melongena L. growing vat different treatment levels viz-T₁ (5g / day), T₂ (10g / day) and T₃ (20g / day) with control. The leaves exhibited injury symptoms like chlorosis and nacrosis.

1 table, 11 ref

023436   Agrawal P C;Satyarthi D K;Verma R K; Atideepayan (NO, , 1/256 Khalsa Gall, Rawat Para, Agra-282 002) : "Aquatic insects as indicator of water quality, related to physico-chemical parameters". Mendel int J 2008, 25(1-4), 5-6.

Investigation supported habitat of some aquatic insects, which marked the pollution of water quantitatively likes presence of Orthetrum pruninosum neglectum, Crocothemis servillia servillia, Ischnura senegelensis, Zyxomma petiolatum, Anax immaculifrons of Odonata group and Micronecta prashadana, Anisops batillifrons, A. extendofrons of Hemiptera, Anopheles culififacies, Aedes sp., Chironomus sp., Harnishchia sp, of Diptera, Noterus sp. and Agabus sp. of Coleoptera occur in Vernal pond which indicates that it is highly polluted as more domestic sewage as well as industrial effluents are drained in Vernal pond in comparison to Ketham lake.

2 tables, 9 ref

022364   Yadav S S;Singh V P;Verma A;Sharma P;Sharma Y K (Laboratory of Environment Science, Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: Yogesh_s26@yahoo.com) : Micro-nutrient based approach to reduce nickel toxicity in spinach (Spinacia oleracea. L). Res Envir Life Sci 2008, 1(2), 73-6.

Wire house pot culture experiments were carried out to know the ability of spinach (Spinacia oleracea L, c.v. Kataidar) to tolerate the elevated levels of nickel in soil. The cultivar was grown in alluvial soil with 0, 200, 500 and 1000 μM of nickel and for the recovery of the damage due to higher concentration of nickel (500 and 1000 μM) with boron (150 and 300 μM) and copper (50 and 100 μM).The results revealed that the increased level of nickel causes reduction in fresh and dry weights and pigment contents (chlorophyll, pheophytin, carotenoid) both in 45 and 90 days of estimation. The biomass yield and pigment contents significantly increased with the treatment of boron and copper in combination with nickel as compared to respective concentrations of nickel alone (500 and 1000 μM).

3 tables, 30 ref

022363   Vasanthy M;Jeganathan M (P.G.&Research Dep of Environmental Sciences, Govt. Arts College, Ariyalur-621 713, Email: vasanthy02@yahoo.co.in) : Monitoring of air quality in terms of respirable particulate matter. J Ind Pollut Control 2008, 24(1), 53-5.

As Ariyalur is a land of limestone, the cement industries flourishes to maximum resulting in air pollution. The present study is concerned with the determination of total respirable particulate matter (TRPM) concentration at different locations of the Cement city. The experiments were carried out for a period of 3 months, i.e., from January 2006 to March 2006. The analysis results of air quality was studied. It was concluded that the maximum concentration of TRPM was recorded in vellalar street and a minimum concentration of TRP was noted at the college campus. Thus it is clear that the values are higher than the prescribed standards there by it is important that the control measures must be taken to check the air pollution.

1 illus, 3 tables, 3 ref

022362   Tuteja R;Sharma J K (Chemistry Dep, Guru Jambheshwar Univ of Science & Technology, Hisar-125 001, Email: ravinder_tuteja@rediffmail.com) : Recovery and re-use of triazine reactive dyes from textile effluent. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 464-71.

Textile effluent is the major source of pollution and threat to mankind. Most of the dyes used are synthetic with bulk carbon content. Reactive (Triazine) dyes are preferred for the dyeing of cellulosic fabrics because of their wide shade range, easy application and better colourfastness properties. But the drawback with these dyes is their great affinity for water. Due to this large amount (approx 30%) of the dye remains unreacted and discharged into effluent. This increases the cost of dyeing and pollution load. In the present work, recovery and re-use of untreated dyes from the textile effluent is studied by solvent extraction process using surfactants. Studies are carried out with Reactive Blue 171 from the triazine class of reactive dye having molecular weight of 1418.9. The solvent taken for the studies is iso-amyl alcohol as the lower alcohols are soluble in water. The process involves two steps: first step is the removal of unreacted dye from textile effluent i.e. aqueous phase into solvent phase using reverse micelles of cationic surfactant i.e. Hexadecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide. In the second step dye is backward extracted into the aqueous phase from the solvent phase using anionic surfactant i.e. Sodium dodecylbenzene sulfonate. Recovered dye is re-used to dye the fabric and the shade, colourfastness and strength properties of fabric are compared with the fabric dyed with native dyes. It is found that re-use of recovered dye is possible with almost similar properties by suitable makeup of the dye bath.

12 illus, 19 ref

022361   Swapnavahini K;Saritha V;Padmavathi B (Environmental Studies Dep, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM Univ, Visakhapatnam, Email: ksv.ji08@yahoo.com) : Geochemistry of soil samples in Yendada area, Visakahapatnam. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 415-7.

Soil testing is a rapid chemical analysis to assess the available nutrient status and reaction of a soil. Four different soil samples were collected from Yendada region of Visakhapatnam with varying utility. The soils were subjected to systematic analysis. Based on the values of the physico-chemical parameters, the quality of soil was inferred and discussed.

1 table, 16 ref

022360   Suresh T;Kottureshwara N M (Industrial Chemistry Dep, Gulbarga Univ P.G. Centre, Cantonment, Bellary-583 104, Email: suresh_chempg@yahoo.co.in) : Quality of groundwater in selected areas of Sandur taluk in Karnataka state, India. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 350-60.

Hydrogeochemical investigations were carried out in Sandur taluk, a major mining taluk of Bellary district in Karnataka. Water samples of 43 bore wells at various locations were collected and analysed for its suitability for domestic and irrigation purposes. Most of the physico-chemical parameters were within the permissible limits of WHO and ISI standards for drinking water. However, some samples show very high NO₃, Cl and F content than the desirable limit. The data was also subjected to various hydrochemicaf interpretations. According to USSL classification, the groundwater of the study area falls under mostly three types as C₂ S₁, C₂ S₂ and C₃ S₁. In eight locations it was found to be of C₃ S₂ type with moderately high salinity. The value of SAR was in the range of excellent to good type. Based on the Piper trilinear diagram, the study area was characterized by water having temporary hardness. Fluoride was most dominant ion responsible for the contamination of the groundwater. Ten samples of the study area were prone to excess fluoride and not suitable for drinking. Water samples were also subjected to microbiological analysis. Few samples were found to be highly contaminated with conforms while most of the samples were suitable for human consumption.

1 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

022359   Srivastava S;Mishra K;Tandon P K (Environmental Sciences Dep, Faculty of Botany, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: dr_kumkum@rediffmail.com) : Effect of sewage-water on seed germination and early seedling growth in pulses. Res Envir Life Sci 2008, 1(2), 49-52.

Black gram (Vigna mungo L) and gram (Cicer arietinum L.) seeds were grown on different concentrations of sewage-water to study its toxic effect on seed germination and seedling growth. The germination % was found decreased with increase in concentration of sewage-water in both crops species. In morphological parameters i.e. plumule length, radicle length, number of lateral roots, fresh weight, dry weight and moisture % were also found to decrease with increase in concentration of sewage-water in both crops. In black gram 10% sewage-water treatment was showed promotory effects while in case of gram the growth was promoted from 10 to 50% of sewage-water concentration and it start decrease from 75% of sewage-water treatment.

4 tables, 21 ref

022358   Sonwane D V;Lawande S P;Gaikwad V B;Kamble P N;Kuchekar S R (Shri Chhatrapati Shivaji College, Shrigonda, K.T.H.M. College, Nashik, Email: shashi17@gmail.com) : Ground water quality around kurkumbh industrial area, Daund, Pune district. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 421-23.

In the present study an attempt has been made to find the quality of ground water, around Kurkumbh industrial area. The water quality parameters viz pH, electrical conductivity (EC), sodium (Na), potassium (K), Calcium ( Ca), magnesium (Mg), chloride (Cl), sulphate (S04), carbonate (CO₃), bicarbonate (HCO₃), fluoride (F), total hardness (TH), total dissolved solids (IDS), SAR and RSC were analyzed. The result shows that the ground water from some sampling sites are within permissible limit according to WHO.

1 table, 17 ref

022357   Shyam S;Nath K;Dharam Singh (Laboratory of Environmental Sciences, Botany Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: shilpa_lko@yahoo.com) : Harmful effects of air pollutants in biochemical parameters of plants. Res Envir Life Sci 2008, 1(2), 65-8.

Variations in biochemical parameters can be used as indicators of air pollution. Analysis data reveals that TSPM and RSPM level was exponentially higher during winter and summer season. The concentration of SO₂ and NOx was greatly influenced by the automobile emission. Higher concentration was found in commercial area while NOx concentration was found higher than SO₂. Higher level of pheophytin reduction was found in winter season in all the plant species, when the pollution level was high. The average pheophytin content in plant leaves all the location showed that values were higher than chlorophyll content, which indicates the conversion of chlorophyll to pheophytin or reduced biosynthesis. Protein content was found reduce in both plants species, and the maximum reduction was found in plants at commercial locations where the pollution level was comparatively high. An increase in POD activity was observed at commercial location ion comparison to residential locations. This study observed that at commercial locations and in winter season, stress on plants was higher.

3 tables, 27 ref

022356   Selim Reza A H M;Hoogendoorn J;Zhou Y;Nonner J (Geology and Mining Dep, University of Rajashahi, Bangladesh) : Statistical analysis and interpretation of water quality data of the Vitens well fields. J Geol Soc India 2008, 71(4), 513-26.

Study area of the Water supply company Vitens is located in the northern and eastern part of The Netherlands. The company operates more than 80 well fields abstracting groundwater from about 880 wells. To carry out the main task of hydrochemical interpretation and to estimate the risk of environmental conditions to the groundwater quality in the capture zones of the Vitens well fields, chemical quality analyses of groundwater in the well fields were carried out and methodologies for statistical and hydrochemical interpretation procedures were designed and tested. Statistical methods such as cluster analysis and multidimensional scaling have been applied for the analysis and interpretation of the groundwater quality data. Initial statistics utilised the application of the Stuyfzand and Piper methods to obtain a first hand idea on the water types. Hierarchical cluster analysis was carried out for further classifying the water types in the study area. Thirteen components from the well samples namely pH, CH₄, NH₄, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg, Na, K, HCO₃, Cl, SO₄ and NO₃ were used for this purpose. With hierarchical clustering analysis, the water samples were classified into 12 clusters. Cluster 1 and 3 contain the majority of the samples and were subdivided into 8 sub clusters. Multidimensional scaling and GIS Arc View have been applied to visualize the results of clustering in two-dimensional plotting. The results were used to carry out an intensive hydrochemical interpretation of the study area, which finally led to the formulation of 8 major and 3 minor water types.

11 illus, 4 tables, 3 ref

022355   Sarkar M;Manna S;Pramanick P P (Chemistry Dep, Kalyani Univ, Kalyani-741 235, Email: mitali_ku@yahoo.com) : Evaluation of the efficiency of fly ash from thermal power plant in controlling aquatic pollution. J Indian Chem Soc 2008, 85(11), 1130-3.

Contamination of ground water due to geoenvironmental causes is a worldwide problem including India. The problem further aggravates due to anthropogenic activities particularly through indiscriminate use of ground water. The geogenic route is mainly the dissolution and leaching of minerals deposits like of arsenopyrite, apatite and fluorite. This results in elevated concentration of arsenic and fluoride in drinking water and subsequent health hazards. The present report describes the use of fly ash for removal of both arsenic and fluoride in water. The operational parameters and the extent of removal are determined. The suitable condition for adsorption is evaluated from the nature of the isotherm curves and thermodynamic constants. A comparison is made with activated carbon in terms of the efficiency as well as cost of operation.

1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

022354   Saritha V;Swapna Vahini K;Padmavathi B; Rohini Kumari V (Environmental Studies Dep, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM Univ, Visakhapatnam, Email: vsjr08@gmail.com) : Characterization of groundwater of different activity regions of an urban settlement. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 539-42.

Rapid expansion with industrialization along with residential and other built-up areas in cities is affecting the groundwater resources in terms of quality and quantity. The present study is aimed at characterizing the present groundwater quality of an urban settlement. 10 groundwater samples were collected from bore wells at different zones of the study area and were analyzed for pH, Electrical Conductivity, Total Hardness, Total Dissolved Solids, Calcium, Magnesium, Chloride, Sulphate, and Phosphate. The results revealed that concentration of most of the ions exceed the prescribed permissible limits making the water unsuitable for drinking purpose.

3 tables, 12 ref

022353   Reetanjali Singh;Mishra A (Centre of Advanced Study, Geology Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: singh_reetnajali@rediffmail.com) : Impact of bio-medical waste incinerator in environment of Lucnkow city. Res Envir Life Sci 2008, 1(2), 71-2.

The bio-medical waste is the waste generated by the hospitals, nursing homes and clinical laboratories consisting of human tissues, organs, body parts, body fluids and blood products, excreta and other anatomical wastes, swab, soiled cotton and bandages, needles, disposable syringes, scalpels, IV fluid bottles, bags, catheters, uro-bags, amputees, bottles, expired medicines and used gloves etc. Information on the elemental content of incinerator ash (Produced during burning of human organ, animal and medical waste in incinerators) is scanty in India. In this study nineteen trace elements were analyzed in incinerator ash collected from three major hospitals, of Lucknow city. Concentrations of zinc and lead were found to be very high in comparison to other metals due to burning of plastic products. The source of Ca, P and K are mainly bone, teeth and other animal organs. A wide variation in trace concentration of several toxic elements has also been seen due to variation in initial waste composition, design of the incinerator and operating conditions.

28 ref

022352   Rajankar P N;Gulhane S R;Tambekar D H; Ramteke D S;Wate S R (Environmental Impact & Risk Assessment Div, , Neeri, Nagpur-20, Email: prashant_nr@rediffmail.com) : Water quality assessment of groundwater resources in Nagpur region (India) based on WQI. E J Chem 2009, 6(3), 905-8.

Water quality index (WQI) has been calculated for different groundwater sources i.e. dug wells, bore wells and tube wells at Khaperkheda region, Maharashtra (India). Twenty two different sites were selected in post monsoon, winter and summer season. And water quality index was calculated using water quality index calculator given by National Sanitation Foundation (NSF) information system. The calculated WQI showed fair water quality rating in post monsoon season which then changed to medium in summer and winter seasons for dug wells, but the bore wells and hand pumps showed medium water quality rating in all seasons where the quality was slightly differs in summer and winter season than post monsoon season, so the reasons to import water quality change and measures to be taken up in terms of groundwater quality management are required.

1 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

022351   Praveen A;Sreelakshmy P B;Gopan M (Civil Engineeirng Dep, Government Rajiv Gandhi Institute of Technology, Pampady, Kottayam-686 501, Email: arakkalpraveen@gmail.com) : Coir geotextile-packed conduits for the removal of biodegradable matter from wastewater. Curr Sci 2008, 95(5), 655-8.

Majority of residential units and small-scale commercial operators in India dispose wastewater either onsite or into the public drainage systems, without paying any attention to the public health and environmental impacts. Need for high investments and the requirement for large operational space are the reasons often quoted against the installation of a proper wastewater treatment unit. This communication presents a viable and cost-effective technology using coir geotextile, for the removal of organic matter from wastewater. Coir geotextile conduits, prepared using non-woven-type material and having a specific weight of 0.9-1.7 kg/m² could be an acceptable solution for most of the small-scale units.

3 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

022350   Padmavathi B;Saritha V;Swapnavahini K (Environmental Studies Dep, GITAM Institute of Science, GITAM Univ, Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, Email: padma2009b@gmail.com) : Characterization of wastewaters in semi urban settlements of Visakhapatnam. Rasayan J Chem 2009, 2(2), 531-5.

The indiscriminate dumping of wastewater, particularly residential wastes waters encompass a wide range of potential contamination and concentrations. The present study deals with the analysis of the wastewater of certain locality in an unsewered, semi urban areas of Visakhapatnam. The wastewater samples were collected from seven sampling points in the selected area and were subjected to laboratory studies. Several working parameter's such as pH, Conductivity, Total Solids, Total Suspended Solids, Total Dissolved Solids, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Chlorides, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Sulphates, Phosphates and Nitrates were analyzed using standard methods. The characteristics of the waste-water coming from different points varied according to the activities.

2 illus, 3 tables, 15 ref

022349   Nirmal Kumar J I;Kumar R;Bhatt I (P.G. Dep of Environmental Science and Technology, Institute for Science and Technology for Advanced Studies and REsearch, (ISTAR)1, Vallabh Vidyanagar-388 120, Email: istares2005@yahoo.com) : Metabolic response and nutrient removal by Tolypothrix tenuis (Kutz.) from fertilizer industrial effluent. J Ind Pollut Control 2008, 24(1), 69-74.

With an increase in industrialization the problem of effluent disposal and maintaining the quality of natural ecosystem is becoming acute. Replacing the conventional approach of disposal or dilution, new technologies of bioremediation, detoxification, accumulation, and disinfection of the system are being developed. Exploitation of cyanobacteria in bioremediation is one of the recent trends. In the study, cyanobacteria -Tolypothrix tennis (Kutz.) was treated with fertilizer industry effluent to find out its nutrient removal efficiency and also metabolic changes occurring due to it. The metabolic changes (Growth- Chlorophyll-a, Carotenoids, Proteins, Carbohydrate, Phenols and Amino acids) and nutrient removal (PO₄, SO₄ &NO₂uptake) were determined after every three-day interval for 15 days. Results showed growth of T. tennis in 90 per cent effluent concentration was inhibited by 65% that compared to control at the end of 15 days. The test concentrations caused a concentration dependent decrease in pigment content. A decrease in carbohydrate values was observed with rise in effluent concentrations. However, Phenols were found to increase with increased effluent concentrations but amino acids were found to decline. Rise in removal of phosphate by the organism was observed in all the doses of effluent in medium. Removal of nutrients from the medium was found to increase.

3 illus, 25 ref