002003   Mukherjee A;Borad C K;Parasharya B M (AINP on Agricultural Ornithology, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand-388 110) : Comparative account of population and breeding pair density of the Indian sarus crane (Grus antigone antigone) in Kheda district, Gujarat. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(8), 839-43.

Population estimation of the Indian sarus crane was carried out in Kheda District, Gujarat during 1998 and 2000. The data obtained was compared with the findings of 1989. An attempt was also made to correlate various factors affecting the distribution of the population. Using the equation of depreciation the rate of decline (10.22% per year) in the number of sarus crane was found in the last ten years. Overall decline was 62%. Main emphasis was given during the breeding period (both pre and post) to identify the fresh recruitment rate in the population in terms of adult-juvenile ratio.

5 tables, 13 ref

002002   Mathew G;Binoy C F (Entomology Dep, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi-680 653) : Migration of buttereflies (Lepidoptera : Rhopalocera) in the new Amarambalam Reserve forest of the Nilgiri biosphere reserve. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(8), 844-7.

Migration of five species of butterflies viz., Appias albina darada C. & R. Felder, A. wardii Moore, A. indra shiva Swinhoe, Cepora nadina remba Moore and Graphium sarpedon teredon Felder were recorded during February 2000 in the New Amarambalam Reserve Forest located at an elevation of 650m in the Kerala part of Western Ghats, India. The orientation of flight was from north-east to soauth-west, along the banks of the river Karimpuzha, and the groups comprised of about 77% of males giving a male to female ratio of 3.4 : 1. The most abundant migraory species were Apias albina darada (53.55%) and A. indra shiva (37.16%) followed by Graphium sarpedon teredon (4.92%), A. wardii (2.73%) and Cepora nadina remba (1.64%). The peak hours of flight was between 1200hr and 1300hr when as many as 160 butterflies/minute were recorded. Mud-puddling behaviour was also observed among the females of A. albina darada.

3 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

002001   Ghate H V;Pawar V M;Yadav B E (Zoology Dep, Modern College, Pune-411 005) : Note on a horned cyprinoid fish Schismatorhynchos (Nukta) nukta (Sykes) from the Krishna drainage, Western Ghats. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(7), 830-1.

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002000   Chhangani A K (Zoology Dep, J.N.V. University, Jodhpur-342 001) : Recurrence of wild boar (Sus scrofa) around Jodhpur, Rajasthan after 50 years. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(9), 887.

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001999   Bhowmik M K (Centre for Wildlife, West Bengal Animal and Fishery Sciences, , Belgachia, Kolkata-700 037) : The causes of decline of hog deer (Axis porcinus) in protected areas of Himalayan West Bengal. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(8), 858-60.

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001998   Basavarajappa C;Kanamadi R D (Zoology Dep, Karnatak University, Dharwad-580 003) : Composition and dynamics of the bird community of Tavaragundi village, Bellary district, Karnataka. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(7), 820-8.

A study on species composition and dynamics of avian fauna of Tavaragundi (Karnataka, India) was carried out for a period of four years (May 1994 - April 1998). A otal of 121 species was recorded. There was a significant variation in the number of birds/species from month to month within the year whereas it did not vary from year to year. The species number increased in October and was highest between December and April/May. The number of birds were maximum between December and March and began to decrease from April onwards. The study suggests that Tavaragundi is rich in avian fauna and species diversity.

2 illus, 2 tables, 7 ref

001997   Acharjyo L N;Vinod Kumar;Patnaik S K (NO, , House No. M-71, Housing Board Colony, Baramunda, Bhubaneswar-751 003) : Longevity of lion-tailed macaque (Macaca silenus) in captivity at Nandankanan zoological park, Bhubaneswar. Zoos Print J 2002, 17(8), 861.

7 ref

000015   Ramanujam M E;Verzhutskii B (Pitchandikulam Bio-Resource Centre, Gratitude Avian Rehabilitation, Auroville, Pondicherry-605 101) : Prey of the greater false vampire bat Megaderma lyra E. Geoffroy at Kaliveli, Tamil Nadu. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(10), 1655-6.

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000014   Ramanujam M E;Verzhutskii B (Pitchandikulam Bio-Resource Centre, Gratitude Avian Rehabilitation, Auroville, Pondicherry-605 101) : On the prey of the spotted owlet Athene brama (Temminck) in a forested ravine in Auroville, Pondicherry. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(10), 1654-5.

Pellets of a pair of Athene brama and their young were gathered outside their nesting cavity during the breeding season (January to April) in two consecutive years (2002 & 2003). 2,122 prey items were identified in 197 pellets. Basic food (<62>20%) consisted of beetles and hymenopterans; constant food (5-20%) of termites and othopterans; supplementary food (1-5%) was scorpions, spiders, cockroaches, ant lion larvae, moths, lizards and mice; and chance food (<60>

1 table, 10 ref

000013   Molur S;Daniel B A;Siliwal M (NO, Zoo Outreach Organisation, 29-1, Bharathi Colony, Peelamedu, Coimbatore-641 004) : Distribution of the regal parachute spider Poecilotheria regalis Pocock, 1899. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(10), 1665-7.

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000012   Borkar M R;Komarpant N (Biodiversity Research Cell, Zoology Dep, Carmel College for Women, Nuvem, Goa) : Diversity, abundance, and habitat associations of butterfly species in Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary of Goa, India. Zoos Print J 2004, 19(10), 1648-53.

Bondla Wildlife Sanctuary is a very popular wilderness destination for the tourists visiting Goa. One of smallest wildlife protected area in the state, its flora comprises of a mixture of evergreen and moist deciduous forests, besides some riparian patches. The tourist zone of the sanctuary has artificial landscape in form of animal enclosure, a formal garden and orchards. Against the backdrop of increasing interest in eco-tourism, it was envisaged to compile a species inventory of butterflies of this region, and find out the best seasons for butterfly sightings. The investigation on species diversity and abundance was carried out in three distinct habitat types, within the sanctuary viz. forests, orchards and formal gardens. Habitat associations of 91 butterfly species were determined by analyzing weekly sighting records from the three habitat types. The recorded species belonged to 66 genera, 14 subfamilies and five families. Nymphalidae dominated the list with 40 species, followed by Lycaenidae (19 species), Papilionidae (14 species), Pieridae (12 species), and Hesperiidae (6 species). Of the total butterfly species listed in this sanctuary, 71 species are habitat generalists and 20 species are habitat specialists, 13 figure in the scheduled categories of the Wildlife (Protection) Act, and eight are endemics. Based on the analysis of weekly data, flight periods and seasonality of species have been worked out. The findings have been based on one year of fieldwork. Species have been classified based on their relative estimates of abundance. Such studies on monitoring the species diversity and abundance of butterflies can give valuable information on their population dynamics.

2 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

014289   Thakur M;Santvan V K;Nigam A (School of Life Science, IGNOU, New Delhi) : Indigenous knowledge, attitude and practice of some wild plants of Darlaghat Wildlife Sanctuary Solan (H.P.). Bioinfolet 2011, 8(2), 121-3.

The people living in Himalayan region and the tribal areas have developed indigenous techniques and acquired knowledge using various plants. Nature has bestowed the Himalayas with vast, varied and many endemic plant species. Different traditions, beliefs, needs and cultures of the various people and the diversity of flora in this region contribute to plant folklore. A large number of folk-medicines still remain endemic to certain regions or people in the region. Keeping this in view, the present study has been undertaken to document indigenous knowledge pertaining to different plants in the Darlaghat wildlife sanctuary, situated in Solan district of Himachal Pradesh. A total of 65 plant species, of ethno-botanical importance were found in this region. Some of the important plants and their uses have been discussed.

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014288   Mishra B K;Badola R;Bhardwaj A K (NO, Wildlife Institute of India, Dehradun-248 001, Email: bidyut@wii.gov.in) : Social issues and concerns in biodiversity conservation: experiences from wildlife protected areas in India. Trop Ecol 2009, 50(1), 147-61.

There has been a growing realization that the conventional 'Gun and Guard' method of conservation is no more effective in dealing with the socio-ecological complexity and political dimensions of biodiversity conservation. Handling these challenges require an integrated approach that recognizes the interconnectedness of social and ecological systems and attempts to link science, policy and societal goals through interdisciplinary methods of problem solving and multi-stakeholder decision making. The ecodevelopment approach currently being promoted in India by the government agencies seeks to promote social change in the fringe villages in order to secure full participation of the local communities in biodiversity conservation by their capacity building and finding ecologically sound and culturally appropriate means of livelihoods for achieving sustainable development. Using examples of best field practices from selected protected areas, this paper presents a framework for an integrated approach to biodiversity conservation and sustainable development of local communities that combines the strengths of community-based studies and science of landscape management through a process of social learning and trans-disciplinary inquiry.

3 illus, 58 ref

014287   Datta-Roy A;Ved N;Christy Williams A (NO, Samrakshan Trust, New Delhi-110 075, Email: primateroy@gmail.com) : Participatory elephant monitoring in South Garo hills: efficacy and utility in a human-animal conflict scenario. Trop Ecol 2009, 50(1), 163-71.

Evaluates the efficacy of community based elephant monitoring programme in South Garo Hills, Meghalaya (India). Major objectives of the programme are to understand the ranging and habitat utilization patterns of free ranging Asian elephants in a human interspersed habitat with frequent human - elephant conflicts. Collected information on elephant presence in the landscape through participatory wildlife monitoring techniques by modifying an existing model for African elephants from six 'akings' or clan villages which are worst affected by human-elephant conflict (HEC). A total of 201 visits were recorded in six 'akings' during June 2005 to July 2006, of which solitary elephants accounted for 100 visits. The visits were found to peak during the two main harvesting periods in the Garo hills indicating a definite seasonality pattern in the visits. Information from individual 'akings' also indicate that some 'akings' were particularly prone to visits by solitary animals indicating the complexity in the dynamics of elephant ranging patterns within the landscape. They note that participatory elephant monitoring can be a useful tool to collect basic data orr- elephant presence in tropical ecosystems where traditional line transect method is restricted by considerations of terrain, access and resources. Other advantages, limitations and conservation implications are discussed.

6 illus, 31 ref

013126   Santra A K;Pan S;Samanta A K;Das S;Halder S (Livestock Production and Management Dep, West Bengal University of Animal and Fishery Sciences, Kolkata-700 037, Email: santra_ajit@yahoo.com) : Nutritional status of forage plants and their use by wild elephants in South West Bengal, India. Trop Ecol 2008, 49(2), 251-7.

Studied the utilization pattern of wild plant species by migratory elephants in relation to their nutritive values. Migratory elephants were selective for food plants in the wilderness. Out of 52 recorded plant species, only 22 plant species were found to be utilized either fully or partially as evidenced by branch breaking, debarking, uprooting, etc. Among the plants consumed by the elephants, Diospyros melanoxylon was utilized the most (34.4%) followed by Pterocarpus marsupium (24.9%). Bark of Buchanania lanzan was moderately utilized (10.6%). All other recorded plants were utilized below 10 per cent. Crude protein content in utilized plants varied from 3.18 (Shorea robusta) to 21.25% (P. marsupium), and crude fibre from 20.0 (P. marsupium) to 54.0% (D. melanoxylon). Sodium, potassium, calcium, manganese, copper, and zinc contents also varied among the utilized plants Elephants foraged more on nutritionally rich plants, and because of the generally poor nutritional value of natural fodder, the migratory elephants in South West Bengal prefer nutritively richer agricultural crops.

3 tables, 23 ref

012056   Malhotra M;Prakash M M;Pawar K (Zoology Dep, Govt. Holkar Science College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh-452 001) : Seasonal diversity of waterfowl belonging to family anatidae at Sirpur Tank, Indore. Ind Res Commun 2010, 4(2), 174-6.

Family Anatidae includes Geese, Teals and Ducks. Seasonal diversity of waterfowl belonging to this family at Sirpur tank has been investigated. This family includes 16 species belonging to 7 genera of waterfowl. Among these species Dendrocygna javanica and Nettapus coromandelianus were resident, Anser indicus, Tadorna ferruginea, Anaspoecilorhyncha, Anasplatyrhnchos andAythya nyroca were resident migrant and Anas acuta,Anas creca, Anas strepera, Anaspenelope, Anas querquedula, Anas clypeata, Netta rufina, Aythyaferina and Aythyafuligula were migrant. Nettapus coromandelianus was found dominated throughout the year and Anser indicus were observed recessive. But on the basis of seasonal fluctuations, during winter Anas penelope, Aythya nyroca and Nettapus coromandelianus were found among the most abundant category and Anas indicus and Aythyaferina belonging to very less abundant category. During summer Dendrocygna javanica, Anas poecilorhynca and Nettapus Coromandelianus included under the most abundant category and Tadorna ferruginea under less abundant category. In the monsoon Dendrocygna javanica and Nettapus coromandelianus were included under less abundant category.

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012055   Khare P (Zoology Dep, Govt. Model Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Daily activity cycle of chinkara and neelgai in Panna National Park, Panna, Madhya Pradesh. Life Sci Bull 2009, 6(2), 177-8.

Behavioral studies are very important for wild life conservation. The present study of daily activity cycle of Chinkara and Neelgai has been studied in the Panna National Park of M.P. Neelgai are much more diurnal in their habits and much more tolerant of the sum, retiring later in the morning and rising earlier in the evening and come out later in the evening they can often be seen advancing into the field at dusk. The daily routine of grazng and resting of Chinkara and Neelgai changes somewhat with the season. The present observations revealed the fact that the Chinkara and Neelgai were found only at low densities beyond a distance of two or three kilometers from water surface.

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011023   Joshi R;Rambir Singh (NO, Doon Institute of Management and Research, Shyampur, Rishikesh, Dehradun-249 204, Email: ritesh_joshi@yahoo.com) : Dose wide ranging tuskers survive in north-west India?. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2010, 33(7-8), 205-15.

Large mammals are vulnerable~fb local extinction in fragmented landscapes mainly due to large scale habitat loss and massive encroachments inside the protected habitat. Investigated the unnatural deaths of protected male elephant's population in the Rajaji - Corbett National Park and its adjoining protected habitat, north-west India. Continuous deaths of male elephants in last two years at famous Rajaji -Corbet! wildlife corridor have become a cause of great concern as far Asian elephant's conservation is concerned. Since March 2001. 12 male elephants have died through electrocution, poisoning, gunshot and bull-fight. The mortality rate for males was significantly higher than for females and calves, and the most numbers of deaths occurred at Rajaji - Corbett wildlife corridor. Currently most of the corridors through which elephants perform their seasonal traditional migration are denied to them and elephants are slowly executing aggressive behaviour and as a result men slaughter rate has increased during recent years. Despite, human encroachments and developmental activities as the major obstacle, railway track and national highways, which passes through the Rajaji National Park and its adjoining protected habitats are another barrier, which restricted the frequent movement of wide ranging tuskers within their home range. This study reviews the potential causes of decline in male elephant's population and suggests some recommendations regarding long-term survival of Asian elephants in this area. Additionally, minimization of all kinds of biotic pressures in the corridor areas and providing higher protection to wildlife corridors are highly recommended.

3 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

024577   Chatterjee P;Mukherjee P S;Sen D;Ghoshthakur D (Physiol Dep, Univ Coll of Sci, 92 A.P.C. Road, Kolkata-700 009) : Evaluation of working condition of a tannery at kolkata-an ergonomic approach. Indian J Physiol Allied Sci 2005, 59(1), 23-32.

This is a pilot study to assess the working conditions of a tannery at Kolkata. The environmental parameters such as heat stress, illumination level, noise level were measured and the general house keeping was evaluated. The man-machine relation was also taken into consideration. Man and machine dimensional match and the center of gravity analysis show lower stability during operations.The study shows that the working temperature, humidity and noise level are higher in the tannery than the recommended level. On the other hand the illumination level is low. Bad smell and heavy suspension of dust also make the environment hazardous. Some suggestions are made to improve the working condition which would allow the workers to perform better and for longer duration. This in turn would enhance the productivity of the industry and the quality of work. Recommendations may be incorporated in the proposed 'Leather Complex', where all the tanneries are expected to move soon.

3 illus, 6 tables, 6 ref

022505   Nayak A K (NO, , Conservator of Forest (Wildlife), Bhubsneswar (Orissa)) : Seasonal diversity of kingfishers in Bhitarkanika National Park, Orissa. Indian For 2005, 131(12), 1559-63.

Bhitarkanika National Park, criss-crossed by creeks and creeklets surrounded by thick mangroves provides an ideal habitat for kingfishers. Earlier only 6 species were recorded from this park. The paper lists 8 species including the 6 species recorded earlier, along with observation relating to their richness and seasonality, feeding and breeding habits. The two species now recorded from the park are - (i) Stork-billed kingfisher and (ii) Ruddy kingfisher only. Twelve species of kingfishers are found in the Indian sub-continent.

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022504   Meena R L;Bava J G;Jadeja R S (NO, Conservator of Forests Kachchh Circle, Bhuj (Gujarat)) : Habitat of great Indian bustard (GIB) in Kachchh: Protection and management. Indian For 2005, 131(12), 1554-8.

The Kachchh Bustard Sanctuary (KBS) is the only habitat left in Gujarat that is sustaining all the three important bustards of the region especially the Great Indian Bustard (GIB) with a population of 40⁺ birds. The unique ecosystem of grasslands with shrubs, insects, raptors and reptiles forms the sufficient food and prey base for these endangered species. The only problem is the biotic interference by over-grazing and efforts to increase the area for cash crops in zone of influence. The management has to take steps for enlarging the area under the Sanctuary and controlling the biotic interference through all the tools of wildlife management.

3 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

021498   Tehsin R H (NO, Wildlife Advis Bd Govt of Raj, 106 Panchwati, Udaipur-313 004) : Infrasonic alarm for earthquake. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 62.

021497   Singh V B (NO, Wild Life Warden, U.P) : Tiger in Uttar Pradesh. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 70-6.

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021496   Naha D (NO, Dolphin Inst, Dehradun, Uttaranchal) : All India tiger census-2005 (Winter) Dholkhand range (Rajaji National Park) Uttaranchal. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 65-6.

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021495   Johnsingh A J T;Negi A S;Dhananjai Mohan (NO, Wildlife Inst of India, Dehradun) : Golden mahseer conservation in Uttaranchal. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 9-17.

Golden mahseer is one of the splended ecotourism species the Government of Uttaranchal should strive to conserve in order to enhance the prospects of nature tourism opportunities in the State. This stream-lined, yellow-finned and beautiful fish has several attributes which make it extremely vulnerable to extinction. In relation to body mass the fish produces less number of eggs than the commercially exploited species (e.g. rohu and catla), the eggs take longer time to hatch and the semiquiscent stage soon after hatching is much longer making it extremely vulnerable to predation. The fish needs clean streams from July to September for spawning and large and long rivers or reservoirs in the lower altitudes in the months of October to June for wintering, feeding and replenishing for the next breeding season. In Uttaranchal the golden mahseer is largely confined to lotic habitats (streams and rivers). The abundance of the fish over the decades has declined drastically as the fry, fingerlings and brooders are killed in the spawning streams by destructive ways of fishing such as dynamiting, poisoning and by the use of electricity. Further in three river systems (Yamuna, Ganga and Sharda) the fish has lost its feeding or wintering habitat as a result of hydel and irrigation projects. The loss of feeding or wintering habitat in Yamuna river is so severe that the future of the fish in the Yamuna drainage is bleak.

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021494   Johnsingh A J T;Negi A S (NO, Wildlife Inst of India, Dehradun-248 001) : Tiger and leopard in Rajaji - Corbett conservation unit, north-west India. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 18-33.

Rajaji-Corbett Tiger Conservation Unit (RCTCU), in north-west India, is one of the eleven Level-1 Tiger Conservation Units (TCU) identified in the Indian subcontinent for the long-term conservation of the tiger. This TCU of about 7500 km² stretches from river Yamuna to Sharda and includes portions of the Other Himalaya and the Shivalik hills. The tract is drained by numerous rivers/streams, many of which remain dry during most parts of the year, and are locally called `raus'. Little less than one third of this TCU comes under protected areas (Rajaji National Park - 800 km² and Corbett Tiger Reserve - 1400 km²) and the rest are under various reserve forest divisions, four of which have been converted into monoculture plantations. Between November 1999 and March 2000, evaluated status of tiger and leopard by counting the number of different pug marks on 3-5 km transect walks along 52 raus, for a total distance of 479 km in these reserve forests and plantations. Raus in the crucial Rajaji-Corbett corridor were walked more often than other raus. People and cattle seen along the transects, were also counted, as an index of disturbance. In this TCU, the tiger occurs in three isolated populations, and the total number of adult tigers may be around 80. The leopard population may be between 300 and 500, and possibly still occurs as a single continuous population.

1 illus, 6 tables, 31 ref

021493   Johnsingh A J T (NO, Nature Conserv Foundation, Mysore, Karnataka, Email: ajtjohnsingh@ncf-india.org) : Road map for conservation in Uttaranchal. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 54-61.

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021492   Jhala Y V;Qureshi Q;Gopal R;Negi A S (NO, Wild Life Inst, Dehradun, Uttaranchal) : Monitoring of tiger, co-predators, prey and habitat. Cheetal 2006, 43(1-2), 63-4.

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016307   Choudhary R (NO, Melghat Tiger Reserve, Amravati, Maharashtra) : Spatial distribution and density of tigers with reference to the status of biotic pressure and protection accorded in different habitats of Melghat Tiger Reserve. Indian For 2005, 131(6), 753-64.

Melghat Tiger Reserve, one of the nine prime `Tiger Reserves' covered under `Project Tiger' in 1973, has three different areas which received varying degree of protection for its habitats. The study reveals that the spital distribution and density of tiger sas well as its prey biomass to a large extent is dependent on elimination of human uses and disturbances, and more density is observed as the ecosystem comes closer to the natural functioning devoid of human pressures. The `core' area i.e Gugamal National Park of the Reserve, which is free from all disturbances and is almost close to natural functioning has displayed tiger density of about 7 tigers per 100 km<sup>2</sup>, whereas, the Melghat Sanctuary with some disturbances in terms of visitation and other human uses through presence of villagers shows a density of 4 tigers per 100 km<sup>2</sup>. In contrast, the `Multiple Use Area' which is dominated by villages and their cattle, thoughit is part of MTR, shows a dismal density of only 2 to 3 tigers per 100 km². The recently extended buffer area which is newly declared as Wan, Ambabarwa and Narnala Sanctuaries has excessive human pressure and displays still low density of 1.5 tigers per 100 km². The density of prey biomass shows significant variations being inversely proportional to the extent of biotic pressure. The study reveals that human and cattle use must be eliminated from the area of Reserve, if the areas is to be managed as a Tiger Reserve in its true sense.

1 illus, 8 tables, 11 ref

015279   Burnicki A C;Patil G P;Taillie C (NO, The Pennsylvania St Univ, University Park, PA, USA) : Assessing the similarity between neighboring watersheds and evaluating the effect of watershed size on conditional entropy profiles. J Indian Soc Agric Statist 2004, 57(spl), 191-207.

Assessment and monitoring of landscape characteristics at different scales has become an increasingly important issue in landscape ecology. And multiscale landscape fragmentation of a watershed is an important landscape characteristic. It is effectively measured by conditional and marginal entropy profiles of the watershed. The paper examines how the conditional and marginal entropy profiles of a large watershed relate to the profiles for the medium watersheds contained within its boundaries. It also examines whether large watersheds are comprised of medium watersheds that are similar to each other in terms of their landscape fragmentation.

17 illus, 17 ref

014196   Rawat G S (NO, Wildlife Inst of India, Chandrabani, Dehra Dun-248 001) : Vegetation dynamics and management of rhinoceros habitat in Duras of West Bengal: an ecological review. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2005, 28(5-6), 179-86.

Jaldapara Wildlife Sanctuary and Gorumara National Park in Northern West Bengal, located in the Duar areas, represent biodiversity hotspots amidst sea of human habitation. The natural vegetation of Duars is characterized by a mosaic of hygrophilous (tall) grasslands, woodlands, tropical moist deciduous and tropical semi-evergreen forests which remain in a state of flux due to recurring flood and succession. The Great Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis, a native herbivore of north Indian flood plains has evolved to exploit all the serai stages to meet its year round food and cover requirements. Management of habitat for this species within these protected areas would require understanding of successional trends and mimicking the natural processes. The review deals with the habitat characteristics in these areas, current habitat management practices and their ecological implications.

2 illus, 22 ref

013136   Dev Roy M K;Nandi N C (NO, Zool Surv of India, Jawaharlal Nehru Road, Kolkata-700 016) : On the brachyuran crabs of Salim Ali bird sanctuary, Goa. J envir Sociobiol 2005, 2(1-2), 123.

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013135   Bhatnagar P S (NO, Zool Surv of India, M-Block, New Alipore, Kolkata-700 053) : Saving tiger for human health and economics. J envir Sociobiol 2005, 2(1-2), 119-21.

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011004   Zarri A A;Rahmani A R (NO, Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Hornbill House, S.B. Singh Road, Mumbai-400 023, Email: bnhs@bom4.vsnl.net.in) : Malabar trogon Harpactes fasciatus pennant in the Nilgiris upper plateau, Tamil Nadu. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 116.

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011003   Unnithan U (NO, , 1304 A, Jal Vayu Vihar, P.O. I.I.T., Powai, Mumbai-400 076, Email: bnhs@bom4.vsnl.net.in) : A catalogue of the birds in the collection of the Bombay Natural History Society 41. family: emberizidae: buntings. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 10-15.

Deals with 466 specimens belonging to 21 species and subspecies up to Synopsis Number 2060 of the Indian Handbook (10: 234) and one extralimital specimen. Author does not have specimens of one subspecies in our collection.

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011002   Soni H;Pankaj J;Joshua J (NO, , 29-Yogiswami Society, Bhalej Road, Anand-388 001, Email: hirensoni@yahoo.com) : Nesting behaviour and unusual feeding pattern in common woodshrike (Tephrodornis pondicerianus). J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 120.

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011001   Sivakumaran N;Rahmani A R (NO, Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Hornbill House, S.B. Singh Road, Mumbai-400 023, Email: bnhs@bom4.vsnl.net.in) : Spotted dove Streptopelia chinensis feeding on winged termites. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 115.

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011000   Sivakumar K;Sankaran R (NO, Wildlife Inst of India, P.O. Box. 18, Chandrabani, Dehra Dun-248 001, Email: ksivakumar@wii.gov.in) : The diet of the Nicobar megapode Megapodius nicobarienisis, in great Nicobar Island. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 106-9.

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010999   Senthilmurugan B (NO, Bombay Nat Hist Soc, Hornbill House, S.B. Singh Road, Mumbai-400 023, Email: bnhs@bom4.vsnl.net.in) : Fish in the diet of the black drongo Dicrurus macrocercus Vieillot. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 116.

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010998   Reddy S (For & Ecology Div, Natn Remote Sens Ag, Balanagar, Hyderabad-500 037) : Invasion of alligator weed Alternanthera philoxeroides (Mart.) Griseb. in Andaman Islands. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 133.

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010997   Neumann-Denzau G (NO, Im Brook 8, 24321 Panker, Germany) : Did tigers Panthera tigris tigris pass through the indus delta?. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 93-5.

1 illus, 16 ref

010996   Naoroji R;Sangha H S;Barua M (Godrej Bhavan, 4A Hom Street, Fort Mumbai-400 001) : The lesser kestrel Falco naumanni and amur falcon Falco amurensis in the Garo hills, Meghalaya, India. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 103-5.

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010995   Krauss D A;Scivoletti N (Biol Dep, Boston Coll, 140, Commonwealth Ave., Chestnut Hill, MA-02467, USA, Email: kraussd@bc.edu) : An observation of mate selection in the house crow Corvus splendens: an apparent instance of modified lekking in a corvid. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 117-20.

27 ref

010994   Joshua J;Gokula V;Sunderraj S F W (NO, Guj Inst of Desert Ecology, Post Box 83, Opp. Changleshwar Temple, Mundra Road, Bhuj-370 001) : Territorial fighting behaviour of great Indian bustard Ardeotis nigriceps. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 114-15.

1 illus, 1 ref

010993   Jatinder Kaur;Choudhury B C (NO, Wildelife Inst of India, Post Box No-18, Dehra Dun-248 001) : Predation by marsh harrier Circus aeruginosusi on chick of sarus crane Grus antigone antigone in Kota, Rajasthan. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 102-3.

1 illus, 6 ref

010992   Hariharan G N;Balaji P (NO, M.S. Swaminathan Res Foundation, III Cross Street, Taramani Institutional Area, Chennai-600 113, Email: gnhariharan@mssrf.res.in) : Use of lichens in bird nest construction: observations from Bolampatti range, Tamil Nadu, Western Ghats. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 121-3.

1 illus, 8 ref

010991   Gupta A K (Wildlife Inst of India, Fac of Wildlife Sci, Department of Population Management, Capture & Rehabilitation, P. O. Box 18, Chandrabani, Dehra Dun 248 006, Email: akg@wii.gov.in) : Dietary differences between two groups of phayre's langur Trachypithecus phayrei in Tripura, India: responses to food abundance and human disturbance. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 3-9.

Dietary differences were compared between two groups of Phayre's Langur (Trachypithecus phayrei), one each in Gumti and Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary, Tripura, northeast India. In Gumti Wildlife Sanctuary (OWLS), out of 19 food species used by the group, just 5 accounted for more than 75% of the total feeding time, while in Sepahijala Wildlife Sanctuary (SWLS), 16 out of 67 food species accounted for almost the same feeding time. Out of twelve common food species in both the sanctuaries, some were used more frequently in GWLS than in SWLS, and vice versa, e.g. Albizzia procera was a highly preferred food species in Gumti than in Sepahijala. Feeding on young foliage was almost the same for both the groups. In GWLS, the langur ate more seeds (23.2%) and a little unripe fruit (5.3%), while in SWLS, it ate more unripe fruit (17.6%) and spent equal durations of time feeding on seeds (6.0%) and mature foliage (5.8%). Differences in food abundance and availability, and variations in the nature and intensity of human disturbance have been identified as some of the possible reasons for the dietary differences in the two groups. The study highlights the need for species- and area-specific conservation strategies, based on detailed information on specific ecological needs of adjacent populations of any given indicator/flagship wildlife species.

4 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

010990   Gopi Sundar K S;Choudhury B C (NO, Wildlife Soc of India, M-52, Greater Kailash Part-1, New Delhi-110 048, Email: gopi@savingcranes.org) : Grit use in the sarus crane Grus antigone. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 106-9.

1 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

010989   Gopi Sundar K S (NO, Int Crane Foundation, E-11376, Shady Lane Road. P.O. 447, Wl-53913-0447, USA, Email: gopi@savingcranes.org) : Observations of mate change and other aspects of pair-bond in the sarus crane Grus antigone. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 109-12.

14 ref

010988   Ghose D;Khan S (Durga Prosad Ghose, P.O. Shyampur Baj Baj, South 24 Parganas-743 319) : Albino bulbul at Keibul Lamjao National Park, Manipur, India. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2005, 102(1), 120-1.

2 ref