017006   Andheria A (NO, , 2, Sagar building, V.P. Road, Andheri (W), Mumbai-400 058) : Southernmost record of Eastern Calandra-lark Melanocorypha bimaculata and sighting or lesser kestrel Falco naumanni from Matheran, a hill station near Mumbal. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2003, 100(1), 118-20.

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017005   Andheria A (NO, , 2, Sagar Building, V.P. Road, Andheri (West), Mumbai-400 058) : First sighting of lesser adjutant-stork Leptoptilos javanicus from Sanjay Gandhi National Park, Mumbai. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2003, 100(1), 111.

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016075   Kushwah R B S (NO, Bagdara Sanctuary, Sidhi, Madhya Pradesh) : In the eve of vulture crisis - the vulture sightings at Bagdara Sanctuary, Sidhi (Madhya Pradesh), India. Indian For 2004, 130(5), 585-91.

23 ref

016074   Chowdhuri D N;Ghosh T K (Zoology Dep, P N degree College, Parsa, Saran-841 219) : Protection of wild animals: Why ? & How ?. Bhartiya Vaigyanik Evam Audyogik Anusandhan Patrika 2004, 12(1), 135-8.

Each living being whether plant or animal has its own status with a view to natural balance. Forests and forest animals are an undetachable and essential part of environment. Entire vegetation and the forest animals of the world are associated together with the food chain. They all have such a close natural alliance that the abolition or absence of even a single entity can affect the balance of nature which cannot be recouped by any other at all. To be able to sustain the balance of life and environment the existence of forest animals is very essential.

014149   Shivati S (NO, Cente for Cellular and Molecular Biology, Uppal Road, Hyderabad 500 007) : Conservation of wild animals by assisted reproduction and molecular marker technology. Indian J expl Biol 2003, 41(7), 710-23.

Wild animals are an integral component of the ecosystem. Their decimation due to abrupt natural calamities or due to gradual human intervention would be disastrous to the eosystem and would alter the balance in nature between various biotic components. Such an imbalance could have an adverse effect on the ecosystem. Therefore, there is an urgent need to put an end to the ever incresing lift of endangered species by undertaking both in situ and ex situ conservation using tools of modern biology, to ascertain the degree of genetic variation and reproductive competence in these animals. Highlights the development and use of molecular markers such as microsatellites, minisatellites, mitochondrial control region, cytochrome b and MHC loci to assess the genetic variation in various Indian wild animals such as the lion, tiger, leopard and deer. Also presents data on the semen profile of the big cats of India. Reproductive technologies such as cryopreservation of semen and artifical insemination in big cats are also highlighted.

6 illus, 6 table, 90 ref

013127   Kler T K (All India Network Project on Agri, Ornii, Zoology & Fishereis Dep, Punjab Agric Univ, Ludhiana) : Decline in the populations of house sparrow Passer domesticus indicus and build-up in the populations of brownbacked Indian robin saxicoloides fulicata cambaiensis in urban residential areas. Pestology 2003, 27(8), 9-12.

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019797   Schaller G B (NO, , ) : The tiger and its prey. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 34-9.

Modern man tends to look at wolves, lions, tigers, and other large predators with a deep-seated antipathy and intolerance. In part, this may be the result of descriptions such as the following one by Theodore Roosevelt of a puma cornered by hunter: "the big horse-killing cat, the destroyer of deer, the lord of stealthy murder, facing his doom with a heart both craven and cruel." In this one sentence he not only denounced the supposed character of predators and emphasized the fact that they occasionally cause economic looses by killing livestock, but he also intimated that they are detrimental to deer and other wildlife populations in which man has a vested interest.

3 tables, ref

019796   Rishi V (Chandrabani Grant, P.O. Mohabbewala, Dehradun-248 110, Email: vinodrishi@rediffmail.com) : Procedure for tracing representatives tiger pugmarks. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 11-12.

The use of a pug mark tracer - a rectangular sheet of glass, normally about 18 cm x22.5 cm x 3 mm - in the exercise for census of tigers is well known to the forest staff. However, neither every person associated with census work is a good draftsman, nor one can expect it to be so. Consequently more oftern than not, the tracings that reach to the co-ordinator of the census operation for screenig the tigers do not qualify as the right kind of tracings. Defective tracings create problems in screenig the pugmarks for identification of tigers and arriving at the correct census figure. This factor has oftern been the root cause of criticism of the work done by the forest officers in counting tihgers by the so called 'put-mark' techniqe. The criticism is valid so long as such abnormal tracings are taken into account and personal skills are pressed into service to judge the tracings and identify the tigers.

019795   Rawat S (Biology Dep, Uttaranchal College of Technology & Biomedical Sciences, Dehradun) : Study on breeding period and behaviour of Garra gotyla gotyla and crossochelius latius latius, of family Cyprinidae. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 15-16.

Both are fresh water fishes belonging to family cyprinidae and both are mansoon breeder. They migrate upstream in shoals in search of shallow spawning grounds. They breed once during a year and their spawning season is very short during the early part of rainy season. The breeding period of Crosschelius latius latius is from July to September. The breeding season of Garra gotyla gotyla is from July to September.

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019794   Rauthan J V S;Rauthan G;Bisht R S;Rawat S; Sharma B;Negi L (Fisheries Research Laboratory, Zoology Dep, D.A.V. (P.G.) College, Dehradun-248 001) : Eco-biological studies on a hill stream fish pseudechenesis sulcatus (McCelland) in Bhilangana river of Garhwal Himalaya. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 30-3.

During present studies Pseudecheneis sulcatus (McCelland) is well adapted to life in turbulent water of rocky hill-streams. It is bottom living fish and found adhering to the stones with the help of the adhesive thoracic apparatus and striated paired fins. The bottom living habit of the fish is supported by the broadening of head, dorso-ventral flattening of the anterior part of the body. The fish is well adapted for living in fast flowing hill streams and the rivers of the Garhwal. It is insectivorous and bottom feeder fish. The breeding period of this fish commences from July and continues upto October

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019793   Negi A S (NO, , 300 Model Colony, Araghar, Dehradun) : My contribution to corbett tiger reserve. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 1-5.

Corbett Tiger Reserve fascinates me, like it would fascinate any nature and wild life lover. My first visit to Corbett was in the early sixties after my school examination. My stay that summer, with my elder brother who was posted at Dhikala as A.P.O. created in my tender heart a niche for forest, wildlife and nature. My subsequent visits strengthened my love for forest and wildlife. In those days, forestry operations were carried out even around the Dhikala chaur (grassland). I spent long hours almost everyday, sitting alone on a machan and observing wild animals and birds. I never got weary of watching these creatures. Baiting of tigers for viewing and photography was a regular practice in those days. One day, while accompanying tourists for tiger sighting. I was put on a less important machan with a few staff of the park. We were lucky. Five tigers made a roaring appearance one after the other, just below the machan on which we were sitting, after a hanka (driving out the tiger by tame elephants from the dense grass cover). I was extremely excited at the sight of these magnificent cats. It was a lifetime experience, for I have not seen 5 tigers together in wild again until this day.

019792   Luther W (NO, , ) : Corbett of Kumaon. Cheetal 2010, 48(3), 29-31.

019791   Khattri S N;Singh S P (Zoology Dep, D.B.S. (P.G.) College, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Vanishing wildlife. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 00.

019790   Johnsingh A J T;Christy Williams A (NO, Esteem Gardania, Sahakara Nagar, Banglore-92, Email: ajtjohnsingh@gmail.com) : Elephant bulls of Rajaji-Corbett elephant range. Cheetal 2010, 48(3), 1-5.

019789   Johnsingh A J T (NO, The Magnolia Esteem Gradania, Shakara Nagar, Banglore-92, Email: ajtjohnsingh@gmail.com ) : Dhole dog of the Indian jungle. Cheetal 2010, 48(3), 11-15.

019788   Jhala Y V (NO, Wild Life Institute of India, Post Box No-18, Chandrabani, Dehradun) : All india tiger estimation process. Cheetal 2010, 48(3), 16-19.

019787   Ishtiaq F (Conservation Genetics Lab, Wildlife Institute of India, P.O. Box 18, Chandrabani, Dehradun-248 001, Email: farahishtiq@yahoo.com) : Avian malaria and decline of white-backed vulture population. Curr Sci 2009, 97(2), 134-5.

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019786   Iman B (NO, Sanskriti, Hazaribagh-835 301) : Global warming and wildlife. Cheetal 2010, 48(3), 20-1.

019785   Chowfin S M (NO, , ) : Forests in today's world. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 25.

Forests are playing and increasing role in today's world for their role in Carbon Sequesteration and Wildlife Biodiversity. Recent Research conducted in the production forests of Deramakot and Tangkulap, Sabah, Malaysia analyzed the effects of the combination of Sustainable Forest Management (SFM) together with Reduced Impact Logging (RIL) and Forest Certification. Reduced Impact Logging consists of careful pre-harvest planning and improved harvesting techniques and also involves reduced harvest and post-harvest silvicultural treatments. SFM is a broader management concept which combines RIL techniques with a longer cutting cycle in the management unit. The research found that forestry practices are generally destructive when applied to pristine forests but most forests in a landscape are degraded and when SFM is applied to these degraded forests it proves beneficial for Carbon Storage as well as wildlife biodiversity.

019784   Chaudhary B L;Dubey S (Botany Dep, Mohan Lal Sukhadia Univ, Udaipur, Email: dubeys1230@yahoo.co.in) : Account of mammalian fauna in jaisamand wildlife sanctuary, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India. Cheetal 2010, 48(4), 26-9.

The Jaisamand wildlife sanctuary having a total area of 52.342 Sq. km is situated at 50 Km south of Udaipur City, Rajasthan. The sanctuary represents rich diversity of plants and animal species, many of them are of rare varieties. In the past the animal species included Lion, Tiger, Wolf, Wild Dog, Sambhar, Sloth Bear, Otter, Four-horned Antelope, Black Buck, Golden Mongoose etc which have gone extinct in the sanctuary as well as from the region. The geographical peculiarities rendered the sanctuary a resting place for migrating animals during earlier times. The human intervention caused local extinction of species mostly through the habitat destruction. The current study presents an account of available mammalian species along with their local status in the sanctuary. A total of 21 mammalian species were recorded till date. Nearly 52% of them are Less Common and about 19% are Rare. There is urgent need to focus on effective conservation plans to protect the mammalian fauna of the sanctuary.

1 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

018568   Ilyas O (Wildlife Sciences Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh-202 002, Email: orus16@rediffmail.com) : Conservation of musk deer (Muschus chrysogaster in Uttarakhand Himalaya. Bionotes 2010, 12(1), 13-15.

1 table, 13 ref

009079   Bairagee A;Kalita J (Dolphin Conservation Society, Blue Hill, Jyotinagar, Guwahati - 781 021) : Plant diversity in the threatened tropical grassland of Pabitora wildlife sanctuary, Assam, India. Pl Archs 2003, 3(2), 243-6.

Grasslands once extensive in Northern India are now restricted to some protected areas and sanctuaries and Pabitora wildlife sanctuary in Assam is one of them. It is a small sanctuary covering 72.25 grassland of the total area. Its diversity is less containing four major grass species namely Imperata cylindrica, Saccharum spontaneum, Erianthus ravanae and Phragmites karka. Among tree Albizia procera is the dominant species covering 60 of the total area. Its growth is maximum due to secondary succession. Regarding other associated plant species Desmodium trifoliatum, a herb and Cardiospermum helicacabum, a climber are the most common species seen with the grass species assemblage.

1 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

000001   Muriuki G W;Njoka T J;Reid R S (NO, Kenya Trypanosomiasis Research Institute, P.O. Box 362 Kikuyu, Kenya) : Tsetse, wildlife and land-cover change in Ruma National Park, south-west Kenya. J hum Ecol 2003, 14(4), 229-35.

The study sought to investigate land cover change in the park over the past 50 years, using four-time-series aerial photo interpretation, questionnaires and participatory rural appraisals. Findings showed a more than 10% increase in shrublands and a commensurate decrease in grasslands between 1948 and 1993. Considering the enormous efforts placed on tsetse control in the past, the proliferation of prime tsetse habital could have serious implications on agricultural development and human health of the settled community in Lambwe Valley. The sustenance of tsetse and bush control to avert conflicts in resource use is a prerequisite for harmonious coexistence of the park with the people.

3 illus, 2 tables, 28 ref

007230   Urfi A J (NO, Sundarvan Nature Discovery Centre, S.M. Road, Jodhpur Tekra, Ahmedabad-380 015) : Heronry at Traj in Kheda district, Gujarat. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 113-14.

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007229   Tehsin R H (NO, , 38/106, Panchwati, Udaipur-313 004) : Jungle crow Corvus macrorhynchos and its ingenuity with dry roti. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 117-8.

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007228   Soni V C;Bhalodia K P;Dave S M;Bhuva V J (Biosciences Dep, Saurashtra University, Rajkot-360 005) : Molluscan fauna and its distribution in the wild ass sanctuary. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 139-41.

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007227   Smetacek P (NO, , Iones Estate, Bhimtal, Nanital-263 136) : Individual variation and sexual dimorphism in Thamnoecha uniformis (Butler 1875), Lepidoptera:Sphingidae. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 26-7.

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007226   Sharma S K (NO, Phulwari Wildlife Sanctuary, Kotra-307 025) : Occurrence of Habenaria longicorniculata Grah. family Orchidaceae in Mount Abu Wildlife Sanctuary, Rajasthan. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 156.

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007225   Sharma S K (NO, Phulwari Wildlife Sanctuary, Kotra-307 025, District Udaipur) : Abnormal weight and length of the Indian pangolin Manis crassicaudata gray, 1827, from Sirohi district, Rajasthan. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 103-4.

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007224   Sharma S K (NO, Phulwari Wildlife Sanctuary, Kotra-307 025, District Udaipur) : High-tension electric poles used as night roost by troops of Hanuman langur Presbytes entellus at Nahargarh Wildlife Sanctuary, Jaipur. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 103.

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007223   Saxena R (NO, , MIG-853, Darpan Colony, Thatipur, Gwalior-474 011) : Occurrence of Galloperdix spp., family phasianidae in northwestern Madhya Pradesh. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 108.

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007222   Sawant P;Rajagopalan A (NO, Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, S.B. Singh Road, Dr. Salim Ali Chowk, Bombay-400 023) : Strange behaviour in the rat snake Ptyas mucosus family colubridae. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 126.

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007221   Sawant M S;Ranade A M (College of Fisheries, Konkan Agricultural University, Shirgaon, Ratnagiri-415 629) : Edible oysters of the genus Crassostrea sacco 1897, along the Ratnagiri coast, Maharashtra, India. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 44-6.

Edible oysters, which provide subsistence level fishery along the Indian coastline, are represented in the Ratnagiri region, Maharashtra State, by three species, namely Crassostrea gryphoides, C. madrasensis and C. rivularis. Based on an extensive series of material, a simple key for their identification is formulated. C. madrasensis is reported for the first time from the northwest coast of India.

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007220   Sankar K;Jethwa B (NO, Wildlife Institute of India, P.O. Box No. 18, Chandrabani, Dehra Dun-248 001) : Notes on the food habits of striped hyena Hyaena hyaena Linn. 1758 in Sariska Tiger Reserve, Rajasthan. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 104-5.

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007219   Sangha H S (B-27, Gautam Marg, Hanuman Nagar, Jaipur-302 021, , ) : Supplementary note on the avifauna of the Thar desert (Rajasthan). J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 120-6.

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007218   Sajan B;Veeramani A (NO, Periyar Tiger Reserve, Thekkady, Kerala-685 536) : Scavenging by stripenecked mongoose Herpestes vitticollis on a tiger kill in Periyar Tiger Reserve, Kerala. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 104.

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007217   Ramanujam M E (Gratitude Avian Rehabilitation, , Auroville, Pondicherry 605 101) : Inter-specific intimidatory behaviour in nestling Indian eagle owls Bubo bengalensis (Franklin). Zoos Print J 2003, 18(10), 1213-16.

Intimidatory behaviour of nestling Bubo bengalensis to human nitruders was investigated in five subjects. This disclosed a series of distinct behavioural units viz., hissing, ruffled plumage, bill clicking and the full intimidatory display - increasing in intensity from a crouched concealing posture and linked by short duration transition phases. Often no reaction to human presence was discernable. This was due to the effects of repeated stimulation/ of the parents' alarm calls/ developmental stage of the young. The rationale for these intensity types and behavioural patterns, with emphasis on motivational and phylogenetic elements has been discussed.

5 illus, 2 table, 18 ref

007216   Raju Thomas K;John George M;Biju C R (NO, Bombay Natural History Society, Hornbill House, S.B. Singh Road, Mumbai-400 023) : Freshwater fishes of southern Kerala with notes on the distribution of endemic and endangered species. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 47-53.

Freshwater fishes were collected from rivers of southern Kerala from November 1996 to April 2000. A total of 117 species belonging to 58 genera, 27 families, and 10 orders were recorded. The most abundant order was Cypriniformes, followed by Perciformes and Siluriformes. The distribution of 36 endangered and 11 endemic species is also included. Most of the endangered fish are restricted to one or two rivers.

2 tables, 34 ref

007215   Purandare K (NO, , 62/A, Prashant, Erandwane Gaonthan, Off Karve Road, Pune-411 004) : Brown crake Amaurornis akooi sykes feeding on the eggs of the large pied wagtail Motacilla maderaspatensis Gmelin. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 119.

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007214   Patel B H (NO, , 6 Patel Society, Vyayamshala Rd, Lotia Bhagol, Anand 388 001) : A preliminary list of spiders with descriptions of three new species from Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala. Zoos Print J 2003, 18(10), 1207-12.

A preliminary survey of the spider fauna of Parambikulam Wildlife Sanctuary, Kerala, India was carried out in September 2001. A total of 91 species of spiders belonging to 53 genera distributed in 22 families were recorded from four sites within the Sanctuary. Out of these, Achaearanea globosa sp. nov. of Tharidiidae, Neoscona parambikulamensis sp. nov. of Araneidae and Striogoplus moluri sp. nov. of Thomisidae are described and illustrated as new to science. Along with this theraphosid spiders of four species of four different genera are also recorded.

14 illus, 1 tables, 33 ref

007213   Parasharya B M;Vyas R (AINP on Agricultural Ornithology, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand-388 110) : Status of the purple-rumped sunbird Nectarinia zeylonica in Gujarat state. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 119-20.

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007212   Panda P C (Taxonomy & Conservation Div, Regional Plant Resource Centre, Bhubaneswar-751 015) : Typhonium flagelliforme (Roxb. ex Ludd.) blume, family Araceae: an addition to the flora of Orissa. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 157-8.

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007211   Mukherjee A (AINP on Agricultural Ornithology, Gujarat Agricultural University, Anand-388 110) : Observations on the mating behaviour of the Indian sarus crane Grus antigone antigone in the wild. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 108-13.

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007210   Manimekalan A;Arunachalam M (Centre for Environmental Sciences, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Alwarkurichi-627 412) : Rediscovery of critically endangered air breathing catfish Clarias dayi hora pisces: claridae, at Mudumalai Wildlife Sanctuary, Tamil Nadu. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 129-31.

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007209   Khacher L (NO, , 646 Vastunirman, Gandhinagar-382 022) : Some clarifications regarding the lesser flamingo Phoenicopterus minor and the crab plover Dromas ardeola. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 106-7.

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007208   Jog M M;Maratha R R;Goel S S;Ranade S P; Kunte K K;Watve M G (Microbiology Dep, Abasaheb Garware College, Pune 411 004) : Sarcocystis infection in chital (Axis axis) and dhole (Cuon alpinus) in two Indian protected areas. Zoos Print J 2003, 18(10), 1220 -2.

A survey of faecally dispersed parasites in Mudumalai National Park and Wildlife Sanctuary and Tadoba National Park revealed that the Dhole or Indian Wild Dog (Cuon alpinus) shed sporocysts of Sarcocystis sp. consistently in large numbers. Post mortem examination of chital, the major prey of Dhole, showed presence of sarcocysts in the heart and skeletal muscles. Circumstantial evidence points to a Chital-Dhole life cycle for this species. Reports the prevalence and intensities of infection of the two hosts in both the sanctuaries.

2 illus, 17 ref

007207   Jha S (NO, Green Peoples India, Pranta Pally, P.O. and Dist Malda-732 101) : More evidence of red-vented bulbul Pycnonotus cafer feeding on house gecko Hemidactylus flaviviridis. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 118.

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007206   Jayson E A;Mathew D N (Wildlife Biology Div, Kerala Forest Research Institute, Peechi-680 653) : Structure and composition of two bird communities in the Southern Western Ghats. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 8-25.

The structure and composition of bird communities was studied in the Tropical Evergreen and Moist Deciduous forests of Silent Valley and Mukkali in the Western Ghats of south India from 1988 to 1993. Variable width line transects were employed to assess the bird community each month. To correlate the structure and composition of bird community to the vegetation type, parameters like girth class distribution of trees, maturity index of vegetation and vegetation profile diagrams were prepared. A total of 9,921 birds were recorded during the period of study, and altogether 137 taxa of birds were identified from the two vegetation types. Species richness of birds was similar in both the habitats. The yellow-browed bulbul (Hypsipetes indicus) was the most common and dominant species at Silent Valley (Tropical Evergreen), where as Mukkali (Tropical Moist Deciduous) black drongo (Dicrurus adsimilis) was the most common and jungle babbler (Turdoides striatus) was the dominant species. No significant difference in bird species richness between years was found in the Tropical Evergreen forests, where as significant difference in species richness was obtained between different years in the Tropical Moist Decidous Forest. The study showed that a high diversity index of vegetation (H') is an indication of increased density of birds in tropical forests.

5 illus, 9 tables, 43 ref

007205   Himmatsinghji M K;Varu S N (NO, , Jubilee Ground, Bhuj, Kutch-370 001) : Two interesting avian record from Kutch, Gujarat state. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 115-16.

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007204   Harvey B;Sharma S C (NO, , N 50 Panchsheel Park, New Delhi-110 017) : Initial colonisation of the Yamuna flood plain by the sind sparrow Passer pyrrhonotus. J Bombay Nat Hist Soc 2002, 99(1), 35-43.

Sind sparrow Passer pyrrhonotus appears to be spreading out of its traditional range in the Indus Basin in Pakistan and extreme northwest India. Birds were found in twelve sites near canals in eastern Haryana and north Delhi during January-August 2001 and successful breeding was first proved in June. Details of the sightings, observed habits and nesting are given with descriptions of the plumage.

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