006445   Siwach M;Dahiya A S (NO, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Ujjha, Panipat, Haryana, Email: meenasiwach@hotmail.com) : Knowledge and utilization of consumer education by rural and urban women. J hum Ecol 2009, 25(1), 41-4.

The study was conducted on 40 women representing the rural and urban areas of district Panipat (Haryana). The respondents were assessed by developing an interview schedule.lt has been found that most of the urban women (62.50%) had fairly good knowledge of consumerism followed by about (35%) having medium knowledge and (2.50%) having low knowledge.Whereas,a complete reverse trend was observed in rural women i.e. only (7.50%) had high knowledge followed by (75.00%) having low knowledge and about (7.50%) had medium knowledge.Moreover,in case of utilization pattern of consumerism the rural women seldom or never utilized consumer education.Whereas,the urban women, most of the time always utilised their consumer education knowledge except in filing a complaint against the shopkeeper.

2 tables, 7 ref

006444   Shreshtha M;Verma H L (NO, NC College of Engineering, Panipat-132 107, Email: ms_Ms@rediffmail.com) : Strategic management practices: a study of selected Indian companies. Dronacharya Res J 2010, 2(1), 43-50.

In this age of cutthroat competition it has become indispensable for business organizations to adopt certain practices, which provide them competitive advantage. The changing business environment as a result of economic liberalization and globalization has made the things more difficult for the people having responsibility for running the organization. This puts emphasis on taking strategic decisions in such a manner that it ensures the organizational success not only for the present but also for the years to come. These strategic decisions can be taken by following a structured path of strategic management process. Many of the organizations feel about adopting strategic management process for taking strategic decisions but how much these are successful in doing that is an issue of concern. This paper investigates about the presence and procedure of strategic management practices in Indian organizations.

4 tables, 14 ref

006443   Rinku Sanjeev; (MBA Dep, Dronacharya Engineering College, Greater Noida, Email: rinku_sanjeev@rediffmail.com) : "HR outsourcing: trends and techniques". Dronacharya Res J 2010, 2(2), 20-4.

In the transition period of corporate environment, companies seeking to tighten their focus on core competencies and to achieve considerable cost savings have embraced outsourcing as a strategic tool. For HR perspective, the functions are becoming increasingly complex and resource-intensive. So employers need to organize and deploy their workforces effectively if they are to be successful and meet the demands of national/international competitiveness. The challenge is to secure high levels of productivity and commitment to meet rapidly changing business, regulatory and technological circumstances, while meeting employees' needs for fulfilling, creative and supportive working environments. Further, the introduction of e-business and the electronic mediation of customer relationships (and, more recently, staff relationships) have picked up for both the public and private sector organizations. It is raising the challenges of work location and organization, knowledge management, and skills obsolescence. As a consequence of these and other shifts in business strategy, employers are seeking greater performance and productivity improvements from their employees. The business contribution of HR management is therefore coming under the spotlight. In the light of the above discussions this paper tries to delve deep into the area of HR Outsourcing- the conceptual foundations, the broad gamut of HR outsourced services, role and relevance as a strategic business tool in cost reduction, enhancing employee effectiveness risk protection, focus on core competencies and providing a value-based proposition to the organization. In addition to the stated benefits it also proposes to ponder as to whether to outsource or not. Further it discusses the flip side of HR Outsourcing and then steps for it. To an extent we have also analyzed the recent trends in HR Outsourcing. All in all the paper presents HR Outsourcing concepts, Analysis and challenges ahead for prospective organizations of tomorrow.

1 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

006442   Rathore M;Kaushik V (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology Univ, Udaipur-313 001, Email: madhuchauhan2@rediffmail.com) : Stress impact on industrial area of Indian managers. J hum Ecol 2009, 25(1), 37-40.

Advancements in science and technology has brought tremendous change in the life style of people which leading to higher stresses. Stressful situation at work place, disturbs the mental peace, weakens a person psychologically and create complexities in social and familial relationship. The present study analyzed the stress impact on managers of a selected industry in India. Standardized scales for stress assessment were used for estimating the stress of the subjects from private and public sector. Results revealed that on an average the managers had low stresses. Therefore, it was concluded that the increase or decrease of stress will have impact on quality, quantity of work and productivity of work.

2 illus, 1 table, 7 ref

006441   Rahul Rishi;Singla R;Siwach A (Computer Science & Engineering Dep, Technological Institute of Textile & Sciences, Bhiwani-127 021, Email: rahulrishi@rediffmail.com) : Power dissipation & delay in in 6T - symmetric SRAM. Dronacharya Res J 2010, 2(1), 26-33.

In recent years rapid growth is noticed in mobile, hand-held communication devices, battery operated devices and fast data transfer demand, that these systems should have larger memory capacity and low power consumption and with minimum operational delays. Since memory is maintained consisting a large part of systems, nearly fifty percent, reducing the power and delay in memories becomes an hot burning issue. Almost half of the total CPU (central processing unit) dissipation is due to memory operations. It is necessary to identify the sources of power consumption and delay in memory blocks so as they can be reduced, hence allowing for better overall performance of the system. Today's microprocessors are very fast and require fast caches with low power dissipation and low delay. This paper presents the simulation results of 6T SRAM (six transistors static random access memory) cells, which are the main choice for today's cache applications. The stability of the cell is best among all the cells, existing in memory cell configurations.

7 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

006440   Chopra Y P;Pahuja S;Sengupta A (Electronic and Communication Engineering Dep, Dronacharya Engineering College, Gurgaon-123 506, Email: yashpal_chopra@yahoo.com) : Evaluation and enhancement of time management skils. Dronacharya Res J 2010, 2(2), 75-9.

Time is one of the most precious resources today because it is limited. We cannot create time. A day has only 24 hours. Personal time management skills are essential skills for effective people. Those who use skills routinely are among the highest achievers in all walks of life from public service to sports to business. If one uses these skills well, he will be able to function exceptionally well, even under intense pressure. Goal setting, prioritizing, avoiding procrastination, managing interruptions, scheduling and saying no tactfully are considered as the fundamental skills of time management.

8 ref

005380   Bhattacharya C C (NO, , M/s. STUP Consultants P. Ltd) : Leadership in construction management. Indian Highw 2009, 37(11), 61-2.

022144   Sinh H;Arneja G S (Mechanical and Production Engg Dep, Guru Nanak Dev Engng Coll, Gill Road, Ludhiana, Punjab) : Six sigma for productivity improvement in Indian manufacturing industry. Mfg Technol Today 2007, 6(12), 26-9.

Implementation process of Six Sigma in three Indian manufacturing industries is discussed. All the five steps i.e. define measure, analyze, improve, and control (DMAIC) were implemented successfully. Rejections were reduced to the extent of 3.4 ppm from the past level of approx.4000 ppm. Productivity value based on ratio of total output to total input was calculated before and after the implementation of Six Sigma Methodology. The results show an upward trend in productivity values in all three manufacturing units.

2 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

021085   Sen A;Tiwari G;Upadhyay V (Transportation Research and Injury Prevention Programme, Indian Institute of Technology, Hauz Khas, New Delhi-110 016e, Email: geetamt@gmail.com) : Should bus commuting be subsidized for providing quality transport services?-a case for Delhi. Sadhana 2007, 32(4), 329-45.

Urban transport has serious problems that are symptoms of the general process of rapid urbanization and environmental degradation. Policymakers in general and urban economists in particular have paid little attention to public transport system pricing leading to the absence of a financially viable, self-supporting urban transport system. Reports a partial equilibrium model developed by us, which captures transport tax reforms in the presence of certain transport externalities. Our theoretical model shows that the question of public transport subsidies to reduce congestion and provide quality transport services depends on three factors: (a) the extent to which such subsidies induce people to switch from private transport to public transport; (b) if the price elasticity of current users of public transport is higher, there may be a sharp rise in public transport ridership as a reaction to increased subsidies, which will have an undesirable effect; and (c) there is the danger that subsidies will cause a loss in productive efficiency. The numerical model of our paper for Delhi shows that the cross price elasticity of public transport demand with respect to the price of private transport is significant (0.63) in the off-peak period whereas the same in the peak period is somewhat low (0.16) and the combined effect of these elasticities will result in a considerable modal shift in favour of bus transport demand (19%) if the price of public transport were to be subsidized and private transport were to be priced optimally. Even without subsidy, the modal shift will be significant (18%), if the under-priced private transport modes are optimally priced keeping the current bus prices constant. Shows that there will be significant welfare gains in both these scenarios.

2 illus, 6 tables, 17 ref

016998   Raju K V I;Rama Reddy V V;Satyanarayana B; Ramachandra Raju V (NO, MVGR Coll of Engng, Vizimagaram-535 005) : ISO-cost contours to facility location problems in the presence of circular and polygonal forbidden regions. Opsearch 2007, 44(4), 304-21.

The paper presents a methodology to obtain a library of alternate sub-optimal level planar locations to a proposed facility among a set of existing facilities and in the presence of circular and polygonal forbidden regions. To the problems involving polygonal forbidden regions, Sloping Line Search (SLS) Technique developed by the authors for determining the shortest unconstrained Euclidean distance between any two planar locations, in the presence of a single / two convex / non-convex polygonal forbidden region, is used together with bi-section method. Further, for applications involving circular forbidden regions an improved logic that enables direct selection of the shortest feasible path, among alternate paths, is developed and implemented. Applications of the revised method effectively minimized the limitations experienced and reported in earlier works leading to obtaining solutions to situations involving non-convex polygonal forbidden regions also.

9 illus, 4 tables, 8 ref

016997   Arora N;Dinesh Kumar (Mechanical & Industrial Engng Dep, Indian Inst of Techbnol, Roorkee 247 667, Email: arorafme@iitr.ernet.in) : Operational analysis and resource management. Opsearch 2007, 44(4), 277-303.

The paper discusses the operational analysis and resource allocation in a medium sized thermal power plant, situated in North India. The case study is focused on the coal handling system of the plant. The system consists of three subsystems with two possible states: good and failed. The behaviour of each working unit is analysed on the basis of the collected data. Based on the analysis, appropriate maintenance strategies for different situations have been developed. The quantitative improvement in the system availability thus achieved has been tabulated. Using dynamic programming, the profit analysis and resource allocation of the system is given. Findings of the paper may help the process engineer in taking timely decisions to maintain the system at an optimum availability level within the stipulated constraints.

6 illus, 9 tables, 25 ref

009827   Gupta R;Kailash Kumar (Statistics Dep, Lady Shri Ram College for Women, New Delhi-110 004, Email: prof_rakeshgupta@yahoo.co.in) : Cost benefit analysis of a distillery plant system. Int J agric statist Sci 2007, 3(2), 541-54.

Deals with the modeling and analysis of an industrial system producing alcohol in a distillery plant. It is a complex type reparable engineering system model consisting of four different subsystems namely - Boiler, Heater, Plate Heat Exchanger and Condenser connected in series configuration. Additional boiler and condenser are also used in parallel with the similar subsystems. The system may fail if any one of the subsystem fails or both the standby and main units fail. The various important measures of system effectiveness are obtained by using regenerative point technique.

4 illus, 7 ref

003257   Bapat M S;Yadav S N (NO, Willingdon College, Sangli, Maharashtra) : Fuzzy sets in sugarcane industry decision. Int J Trop Agric 2009, 27(1-2), 247-50.

Selection of sugar factory is a crucial decision for a sugarcane producer in sugarcane management. Various types of approaches and techniques can be used for the purpose. With the increasing applicability of decision science approach for these types of decision models are becoming popular for a scientific representation of the problem along with the solution procedure. Wlien goals and constraints are stated imprecisely, decision problem grow in importance, in the investigation of social and complex systems. In this paper such a problem in individual Decision-Making form is highlighted. The methodology of Zadeh's fuzzy set theory is applied to fuzzy decision making. A case study from the Indian sugar industry sector has been taken for the illustration.

2 tables, 5 ref

000962   Chakrabarty R;Nath S K (Business Managment Dep, Calcutta Univ, Kolkata (West Bengal)) : On measurement of export instability: an innovative index. Calcutta Statist Ass Bull 2006, 58(231-2), 281-91.

Instability in export performances may be caused by a variety of market forces botb short-term and long-term. Fluctuations may be caused by upward or downward turn of export performances or may be due to their combined  effect. When such fluctuations upset the export target, it may become a serious concern of the export-planners. But, unfortunately, the present methodologies fail to segregate the downward or negative pulling effect of export performance. The present paper aims at developing a quantitative tool for measuring export-instability based on upward arid downward turn of export performance and which is capable of quantifying instability on a year-to-year basis.

3 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

000962   Chakrabarty R;Nath S K (Business Managment Dep, Calcutta Univ, Kolkata (West Bengal)) : On measurement of export instability: an innovative index. Calcutta Statist Ass Bull 2006, 58(231-2), 281-91.

Instability in export performances may be caused by a variety of market forces botb short-term and long-term. Fluctuations may be caused by upward or downward turn of export performances or may be due to their combined  effect. When such fluctuations upset the export target, it may become a serious concern of the export-planners. But, unfortunately, the present methodologies fail to segregate the downward or negative pulling effect of export performance. The present paper aims at developing a quantitative tool for measuring export-instability based on upward arid downward turn of export performance and which is capable of quantifying instability on a year-to-year basis.

3 illus, 3 tables, 11 ref

002008   Srivastava R (NO, KIET, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : Retail sector in India: issues, challenges & prospects. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 41-50.

India is the most attractive retail market today with abundance of opportunities. The Indian retail market is growing with a rapid pace of about 25-30%. This paper provides detailed information about the growth of retailing industry in India. It examines the growing awareness and brand consciousness among people across different classes in India and how the urban and semi-urban retail markets are witnessing signi/icant growth. It also highlights the recent trends in retail industry along with the opportunities available for both the national and international players. It is also prudent to acknowledge the deficiencies and problems as well along with listing out the opportunities that India presents for various types of retailers.

1 illus, 1 table, 17 ref

002007   Srivastava B (NO, KIET School of Management, Ghaziabad) : Future of small retailing-a strategic approach. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 19-26.

After IT industries organized retailing in India has enhanced economy and  improved living standards. But no doubt organized retail affects every single Indian and every sector of Indian society. The paper gives a glimpse of the current status of the retail industry in India and its contribution for economic growth. Paper enumerates the several factors for low productivity of small retailers and addresses its ability to manipulate consumption pattern of society, increased customer satisfaction and likely change in the market shares of the different types of sellers. Paper discusses certain measures for retention of small retailers against organized retailers. The main theme of enquiry of this paper is there future of small retailing for the Indian society.

24 ref

002006   Salim M (NO, King Abdul Aziz Univ, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia) : Impact of retail management in the growth of Indian economy. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 31-9.

Retailing, one of the largest sectors in the global economy, is going through a transition phase not only in India but the world over. Retail management system targets small and midsize retailers seeking to automate their stores as well as impact on the growth of the economy of India which shows the Indian Retail industry US$ 270 billion industry and it is in fast growing rate approx, over13% per annum. Indian retailing industry has also seen a phenomenal growth in the last six years (2001-2007). Refer to RNCOS' "India Retail Sector Analysis (2006-2007)" report helps clients to analyze the opportunities and factors critical to the success of retail industry in India, which is a significant contributor to the overall growth of economic activity in India. Retail management not only impact on economic growth but there is a technology impact also which help the organised retailer score over the unorganised players, giving both cost and service advantages.

14 ref

002005   Nisa S (Management Studies, DODL, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi) : Changing trend Indian food retail industry and its impact on consumers and retailers. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 51-64.

India has one of the highest densities of retail outlets (15 million) compared to any other countries. Majority of these retail outlets are small and medium sized. As recently as 2005, only 3 percent of all retail (food and nonfood) trade in India was in the organized sector the figure is put at 5 percent in the food sector. If we compare this with India's Asian neighbors, the nature of the Indian retail landscape becomes clear. Organized food retailing is a relatively new phenomenon in India, with small Western-style supermarkets only starting to appear since the 1990s. Traditional local markets and small-scale retailing continue to dominate India's food retail sector. Around 70 per cent of the total households in India (188 million) reside in the rural areas. The total number of rural households are expected to rise from 135 million in 2001 -02 to 153 million in 2009-10. Unlike in the past the debate today is no longer whether food and grocery retail in India would grow but rather how fast can it grow and what challenges need to be overcome.

2 tables, 23 ref

002004   Kanimozhi T (Management Studies Dep, PSNA College of Engineering and Technology, Kothandaraman Nagar, Dindigul, Tamil Nadu) : Digital signage-a new sign in retail business. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 65-76.

The retail sector, one of the India's largest industry, accountsforover l0% of the country's Gross Domestic Product (GDP) and around 8% of the employment. Looking at the increasing demand in the retail market that is driven by customers' changing lifestyles, income growth, and different demographic patterns, the retail sector is expected to grow at a higher rate than the GDP of the country. (Priyanka Akhour Jul26,2007 jRetailer's main area of focus is on customers to transform their shopping experience from a traditional historical format to tech-savvy feeling according to the modem lifestyle. Retail industry is expected to be tripled in next few years. To meet this competition retailers should be enabled to attain flexibility in meeting frequent changing business demands. Based on Intelligent Retail Network IRN foundation Digital Signage is designed to meet specific needs of retailers. In stores Digital Signage is designed to meet specific needs of retailer's offers, networking solutions to tell customers about their products and thus drive more sales at the point-of-decision since it reaches the customers while they are selecting products on the sales floor. In this busy world the way finding Systems, and Product Locators helps the customers to save their precious time without walking around the giant retail markets in search of the product and brand what they expect. (RocSearch, Jan 17, 2005). Many retail markets are mushrooming through out the country. So the only way to differentiate their stares in the market place and attracting the customers is by making the retail markets unique through digital retailing. Targeting becomes easier and cost-effective for businesses than through mass media such as print ads or television advertising since unlimited content can be displayed.

6 illus, 20 ref

002003   Dharmendra Singh;Dubey M (NO, Faculty Finance at ICFAI Business School, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) : Kingfisher and Air Deccan a right mix?-a case study. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 77-88.

1 illus, 23 ref

002002   Baumgarten G T;Yucetepe V (NO, Kean Univ, USA) : How acquisitions in the retailing sector affect stakeholders: the special case of franchise acquisitions and their franchisees. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 1-8.

Corporate branding has become a signal of a firm's overall positioning and as such, is an integral component of a firm's marketing communications. Industry consolidation has at the same time become the competitive option of choice in many industries. The increased merger and acquisition activity has given rise to unique branding challenges. Corporate re-branding is difficult when acquired and acquiring firms have equally recognizable brands. The re-branding challenge is exacerbated when one of the firms is a franchise, and franchisees choose whether to retain the original name or adopt the new. The individual choices can result in a portion of franchisees retaining the original franchise name while others adopt the new. The re-branding and strategic challenges facing a franchise operation are highlighted by focusing on the UPS experience after it purchased the Mail Boxes Etc. (MBE) franchise. The UPS/MBE case is used to illustrate that re-branding choices can affect a firm's various stakeholders differently, with particular emphasis given to the franchisees.

14 ref

002001   Ali S S (NO, Insitute of Management Studies, Ghaziabad) : Retail sector by purchase incidence model. Prajna 2009, 11(1), 9-17.

The purchase behaviour of consumer on fast moving consumer goods has been studied in terms of purchase during a fixed time frame. In the latest study, Allenby, Leone and Jen (1999) have used Generalized Gamma distribution in place of Gamma distribution. While results have been mathematically more elegant, application has become a bit more complicated.At the same time Yuge(1999) has analyzed this problem from the view point of competition between the store and the consumer. In all the cases the emphasis has been on studying the number of possible purchases, by eliminating the heterogeneity of the population by averaging out the 'regional effects'. A quantity of interest is the penetration of a product for a given time period. The problem arises when the data is incomplete because of missing observation in some periods. To overcome this, a set of Poisson model has been found suitable and simple.

18 ref

001038   Grimaud N;Tournemaine R (NO, Toulouse School of Economics (IDEI and LERNA) and Toulouse School, 21 Allee de Brienne-310 00 Toulouse, France, Email: grimaud@cict.fr) : Funding research and educating people in a growth model with increasing population. Icfai Univ J Knowledge Mgmt 2009, 7(5-6), 35-52.

This paper formalizes an interdependence between a Research and Development (R&D) sector that produces knowledge and a human capital sector that educates individuals such that both activities appear equally essential to sustain per capita long-term growth. It treats the question of research funding in a model without any intermediate goods production sector, and assumes that knowledge is directly protected by patents so that any user must reward innovators directly. To keep the analysis simple, an equilibrium in which there is perfect competition on private goods markets is constructed. Knowledge is rewarded at its marginal profitability.

39 ref

001037   Ghosh R (NO, Women's Interlink Foundation, 2A, Ballygunge Place (East), Kolkata-700 019) : WTO and sustainable development. Indian Sci Cruiser 2009, 23(1), 68-9.

6 ref

001036   Akroyd C;Narayan S;Sridharan V G (Accounting and Finance Dep, Auckland Univ, New Zealand, Email: c.akroyd@auckland.ac.nz) : Use of control systems in new product development innovation: acvancing the 'help of hinder' debate. Icfai Univ J Knowledge Mgmt 2009, 7(5-6), 70-90.

New Product Development (NPD) innovation is a critical activity in the current economic environment. In order to manage their NPD innovation projects, firms use Management Controls Systems (MCS). However, the. effect that these systems have on NPD innovation is not dear. One stream of research suggests that MCS help NPD innovation while another stream suggests MCS hinder NPD innovation. Past research has shown that the role and style of MCS used may offer explanations on why MCS can both help and hinder NPD innovation. This paper adds another explanation by examining the relationship between three models (divisional, activity/decision and conversion/response) of a commonly used MCS, known as the Stage-Gate Process1 in the NPD innovation literature, and three types of NPD innovation projects (incremental, semi-radical and radical). The insights from an ethnomethodology informed field study are used to understand how and why the firms may use a different MCS (Stage-Gate Process models) for different NPD innovation project types.

9 illus, 2 tables, 50 ref

020899   Samuel R (NO, Vision Age India, Chennai-600 024) : Prevalance study on physical and cognitive disability among elderly in a community population. Indian J Gerontol 2009, 23(3), 296-301.

The medical advancement has increased life expectancy; but science is yet to succeed in controlling the diseases and disabilities that afflict elderly persons. Disability is usually caused by disease process, injury and aging. Utilisations of health services can, to a great extent, enable the elderly to minimize, if not avoid, disability caused by disease process. Disability caused by Injury and aging are inevitable. The present study was carried out to find the level of morbidity and disability in an elderly population in few areas, selected through stratified simple random sampling, in the city of Chennai, Tamil Nadu. Interestingly, the population was quite healthy and only less than 25 per cent suffered from different types of age related medical problems like hypertension, heart ailments and diabetes. It is also quite probable that the medical conditions are yet to be diagnosed. The disability profile was higher in Locomotor and Cognitive domain followed by self care. Socialisiation was the least affected domain. Disability in cognitive domain was found to significantly affect the person's ability to perform house hold task. Though different levels of cognitive disabilities that particularly affect the elderly people are recognised, it is yet to be included in the Disabilities Act in India. Recognising cognitive disability and providing cognitive rehabilitation can improve the brain functioning in reversible medical conditions and enable the person to have a better quality of life.

4 tables, 6 ref

024066   Palit P N (NO, Sadhanpur Vivekanands High School (H S), Barddhaman, West Bengal) : Jewellery manufacturing industry of Burdwan city West Bengal. Indian J Landsc Syst ecol Stud 2007, 30(1), 41-52.

This paper aims at bringing into focus several hidden dimensions of the jewellery industry like the structure, processing, tradition, absorption capacity of artisan, problems faced, causes of large concentration of jewellery manufacturing units in the old core of the city by analysing the profile of some selected jewellery manufacturing unit - on sample basis. This industry owes its root since the reign of Raj family and also the supremacy of this industry depends on the skill of the swarnashilpi (artist) and on the fineness of his work. Once caste bound (sonar baniya) industry is now open for all castes. This paper critically examines the artisan's pay structure, educational status, livelihood. It conclude with some recommendations for enabling the industry to survive in the long run.

12 ref

017767   Yang C T;Ouyang L Y;Wu K S;Yen H F (Industrial Engineering & Management Dep, Ching Yun Univ, Jung-Li, Taoyuan 320, Taiwan, Email: ctyang@cyu.edu.tw) : Inventory model with temporary price discount when lead time links to order quantity. J scient ind Res 2010, 69(3), 180-7.

This paper presents effects of a temporary price discount offered by supplier on a retailer's replenishment policy, when lead time is linked to order quantity. A decision process for retailers is developed in deciding whether to adopt a regular or special order policy during a temporary sales period. Optimal special order quantity is determined by maximizing total cost saving between special and regular orders, and illustrated by several numerical examples along with sensitivity analysis of optimal solution.

2 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

016716   Singh R;Singh M (Extension Education Dep, Rajendra Agricultural University, Pusa, Samastipur-848 125) : Relationship of socio-personal, economic and communicational variables of trained and untrained beekeepers with knowledge of beekeeping enterpreneurial development training program. Envir Ecol 2009, 27(3A), 1304-11.

Knowledge of an innovation is requisite for its successful adoption. It is an essential requirement for occupational socialisation of entrepreneurs as it forms the basis for action preceding the act of adoption. The aspect of the study was to find out relationship of socio-personal, economic and communicational variables of trained and untrained beekeepers with knowledge of beekeeping entrepreneurial development training program. Maximum percentage of trained beekeepers were middle age group and medium level of education, belonged to nuclear family, had medium family size, small land holding, farming occupation and medium family income. They had medium cosmopoliteness and were member of one organisation, possessed milch animal, had medium innovation proneness, medium economic motivation, were high management orientation and high risk taking ability. Most of the untrained beekeepers were of middle age group, low level of education, belonged to joint family, had larg family size and landless, farming occupation and medium family income. Further, they had low cosmopoliteness, low innovation proneness, low economic motivation, low management orientation, low risk taking ability and did not possess any animal and membership of any organisation. For trained beekeepers, the variables viz. education, size of holding, occupation, family income, cosmopoliteness, social participation, animal possession, innovation proneness, economic motivation, management orientation and risk orientation were found to be positively and significantly correlated with the level of knowledge about beekeeping practices whereas incase of untrained beekeepers, the variable education, occupation, family income and cosmopoliteness were significantly and positively correlated with the level of knowledge about scientific beekeeping enterprises. The results thus indicates that beekeeping entrepreneurial training is an effective medium for increasing knowledge, changing attitude, inoculating necessary skills and enhancing decision making ability to adopt the technology.

2 tables, 24 ref

013433   Satyanarayana;Verma S (Commerce and Business Management Dep, Vaagdevi P.G. College, Warangal) : Cross-border mergers and acquisitions in India-a snap shot. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 48-54.

8 tables, 20 ref

013432   Sandhar S;Vigg V;Nathani N (NO, Prestige Institute of Management, Gwalior) : Economic factors and prediction of index returns. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 18-26.

The economic analysis determines if the economic climate is conducive and capable of encouraging the growth of business sector, especially the capital market. In order to survive and grow in the global economy it is necessary that the impact of factors, affecting the capital market should be known. This study was carried out to see how this phenomenon is taking place in India as well as in the rest of the world. The study was concentrated on some of the economic factors to evaluate whether they affect the share market returns. The study posited that the economic factors like GDP; interest rate and inflation rate affect the stock market returns to some extent but the effect is delayed. Further the study concludes that there are some more factors to that affect the investors' returns. The study developed new insights into the capital market and the ways of understanding them to the knowledge of the researcher.

4 illus, 2 tables, 12 ref

013431   Rathod R;Dalvadi Y (Business Studies Dep, Sardar Patel Univ, Vallabh Vidyanagar) : Non statutory disclosure in India an analysis of selected companies. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 13-17.

Changes, challenges, competition, crisis, and corporate governance are the main five Cs that are changing the world of accounts and accounting disclosure. It is discretionary to give non statutory information in the annual reports; it depends on the company's policy to disclose it. The present study intends to study the disclosure practices of a few Indian companies in case of non statutory information. It tries to find that which type of non- statutory information, Indian companies are providing and which information they are still not able to provide or do not like to provide. Annual reports of twenty companies have been selected randomly from the list of 400 companies have been their annual reports are thoroughly studied in respect to disclosure of non-statutory information (both accounting and non accounting). The study comes out with some interesting findings.

2 illus, 2 tables, 4 ref

013430   Pandey V K;Sahu P (NO, Prestige Institute of Management, Gwalior) : Customer evaluation of service quality a study of mobile service with special reference to Gwalior. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 4-12.

The premise of 'quality of service' as the competitive edge in gaining market leadership has been well recognized both in academic research and by leading service organizations. However, it has become increasingly important for organizations to find ways, not only to reach the top, but to maintain that leadership in an ever increasing competitive market-place. In order to protect their long-term interest, service organizations are seeking ways to forge and to maintain an on-going relationship with their customers. This paper presents the changing focus of service quality from a mere competing instrument to that of the basic core of the service concept in meeting and exceeding customer expectations. It is argued that long-term superiority of a service firm is dictated by the organization's ability to maintain their relationship with the customer by offering 'service loyalty': a demonstration of the organization s commitment to maintain the service promise. This paper outlines how a firm's service employees develop the service, which leads to exceptional service and the ability to exceed customer expectations.

2 tables, 69 ref

013429   Mitra S;Dhar S;Agrawal K M (Indian Institute of Social Welfare & Business Management, Management House, College Square West, Kolkata-700 073) : Environmental proactiveness. J Mgmt Res 2008, 8(2), 96-11.

There are a number of factors, which contribute to the variations in the environmental performance of organizations. This paper attempts to select the primary environmental performance indicators. Also, an attempt has been made to identify some factors that explain the variations in the overall environmental performance score. Considering the nature of the industry segment, government ownership, total capital investment, total annual turnover, age of the unit and ratio of permanent employees out of total workers as the determinants and the environmental performance score as the dependent variable, multiple regression models were used to ascertain which of the variables significantly influence environmental proactiveness and which of these do not.

4 tables, 51 ref

013428   Kukkdui J B;Bais S S (Management Dep, Gulbarga Univ, Gulbarga, Karnataka) : WTO, India and vat: what salt could be gained?. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 55-61.

The VAT has come to occupy a central stage in the international trade. It is considered as the most best and efficient commodity tax. It helps to maximize trade but it an deviations form the methods and principle of its operation would bring more difficulties and pose more problems than providing and answer. In the view, all the members of WTO have to introduce VAT in principle in place of existing commodity taxes. This would help the nations to maximize their trade. The trade benefits will be more to some of the WTO members who have their own trade unions (for example the present EU as against ECM). Similarly introduction of the "True VAT" in a tax deseeded (more serious than AIDS) country like India, the VAT is a tailor made device for improving domestic allocative efficiencies. Thus there are basic structural and fundamental benefits of VAT for India. If it would goes a technological change, there would more under trade advantages. Under WTO, it can export more and more. The formation of Asian common market has to be initiated only the countries like India. Under these circumstances the import taxes and subsidization of export would help to develop the country international standing in foreigh trade, there fore it would be possible for India to sale freely on the waters of WTO.

1 table, 9 ref

013427   Faisal M N;Akhter A (Business Administration Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh-202 002) : Minimizing retail shrinkage: understanding the basic premises. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(3), 51-5.

Shrinkage is a cost, and reducing this cost generally presents a profit opportunity in the retail industry. To combat staff theft more effectively retailers need to pin-point discrepancies at an earlier stage and focus more upon large-scale frauds. The use of specialist software to identify significant discrepancies quickly is likely to be part of this approach. At best, however, these measures should enable retailers to manage staff crime more successfully, not to eliminate it completely. Retailers' most effective protection against loss from employee theft is to develop and implement a comprehensive system of internal controls that are integrated into an overall strategy of increased security awareness and practice. This comprehensive strategy should include a culture of honesty with a written code of ethics and conduct, proper employee screening, background checks, technology measures, careful inventory control, and overall continued awareness and vigilance by the management. Potential employee theft, combined with liability, is strong reasons for business managers to be educated on the issues related to employee theft, hiring, and the new techniques that are available. Organizations which are impacted by retail shrinkage need to look at how they can work together. Networking between academic researchers, retailers, local and central government, retail associations, and the security agencies should become a high priority in the coming years to minimize the losses due to retail shrinkage.

1 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

013426   Chatterjee J (NO, ABES Engineering College, Ghaziabad) : Glibalization, market competitiveness & SMEs. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(2), 44-7.

8 ref

013425   Ansari V A (Business Administration Dep, Aligarh Muslim Univ, Aligarh, Uttar Pradesh) : Eliminating equity capital as a risk cushion. J Indian Mgmt Strategy 2008, 13(3), 61-4.

21 ref

013424   Agarwal A;Foead A I;Thanapipatsiri S; Pichaisak W;Varmvanj V (NO, , C/o Hindustan Chemical Industries, Gill-Colony, Court Road, Saharanpur-247 001) : Osteoporotic compression fracture of spine treated with posterior instrumentation and transpedicular bone grafting. Antiseptic 2009, 106(7), 341-5.

Retrospectively reviewed the preliminary results of operative treatment of osteoporotic compression fracture of the spine. A series of 11 patients presented to Siriraj Hospital from October I, 2001 up to April 24, 2004 were selected far the study. All patients had primary osteoporosis. Mean age was 72.6 years (58 - 55 years). The method used was posterior instrumentation and transpedicular bone grafting. The indications for surgery were neurological deficit, kyphotic deformity and intractable pain. 2 patients had loss of bowel and bladder control. Postoperative, patients were put on lumbar orthosis for 3 months. Mean follow up was 10.1 months (2.1 -- 25.5 months). On follow up, all patients recovered from pain. Most patients (7/11) regained one grade Frankel except one patient preoperatively had Frankel grade D continued to have grade D after operation. One patient remained loss of bowel and bladder control. Activity of daily living improved in 9 patients, but 2 patients still needed aid with walking and standing. There was no pedicle screw loosening, pulled out or implant breakage until the last date of follow up. Adjacent level of vertebrae also did not show any fracture or reduced in height. Concluded that this operative method is acceptable for osteoporotic fracture of spine, although longer period of follow up is much favorable to evaluate its efficacy.

2 illus, 4 tables, 14 ref

012386   Das P (SQC & OR Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, 203, B.T. Road, Kolkata-700 108) : Adaptation of fuzzy reasoning and rule generation for customers' choice in retail FMCG business. J Mgmt Res 2009, 9(1), 15-26.

In today's retail business, ensuring customer satisfaction in delivering the right product and service to the end-users is the major concern for the future growth of the organization. In the present work an attempt is made to model the customer choice in FMCG product design during purchase in retail outlets based on customer survey. Since the behavior of customer cannot be predicted easily due to association of fuzzyness involved, fuzzy reasoning is adapted for modeling such uncertainty along with generation of rules towards product design preference using statistical principle. The results found from this work would be beneficial to the retail management, in general, about customers' profile and would help in planning retail business for FMCG items.

9 tables, 12 ref

011376   George P;Mallik D (NO, S P Jain Institute of Management & Research, Dadabhai Road, Munshi Nagar, Andheri (W), Mumbai-400 058, Email: preeta@spjimr.org) : Monetary policy and international financial integration: the case of India. J Coop Univ Res Ind Enterpr 2009, 2(3), 59-69.

Deals with the impact of monetary policy on the fulfillment of international financial integration in India. The interest rate parity condition is the criterion used to measure integration. The study reveals that one of the reasons why interest parity is not achieved in India is the pursuance of an independent monetary policy by the regulator, the Reserve Bank of India. Interest rate smoothing and price smoothing are important objectives of monetary policy in the Indian context and the endeavor to achieve these objectives hinders the fulfillment of interest parity.

1 illus, 6 tables, 17 ref

010289   Venkatesh B;Kathuria V;Goel A (NO, K.J. Somaiya Institute of Management Studies & Research, Vidya Vihar, Mumbai-77, Email: bhagi3@gmail.com) : Indian consumers' perception towards "smart fabrics": an empirical study. J Coop Univ Res Ind Enterpr 2010, 2(4), 64-69.

Innovations resulting from technological advancement are emerging in the fields of textiles. One suck technology called sensory perception technology (SPT) gives new dimensions to the textile fabrics. SPT offers the opportunity to put cosmetic benefits into textiles. It is a revolutionary way of combining smell, sight and touch into textiles, It distributes benefit laden particles such as moisturizer, deodorant, fragrances, vitamins, repellents or anti tobacco agents to any fabric via micro encapsulation. These products are called as "Smart Fabrics". This research investigates the Indian consumer's perception towards SMART FABRICS. This study was undertaken for a company from textile industry which wanted to set up manufacturing capabilities for producing smart fabrics. This company which exports fabric abroad wanted to check the feasibility of finding a suitable market for smart fabrics in India as it meant market expansion. Some companies in India have already introduced smart fabrics to the Indian market but not at a large scale. Western markets are already familiar with smart fabrics. As an initial study, the objective of this research was to understand the attitude of consumers towards smart fabrics. The study also intended to identify the socio economic profile of the segments which had positive attitude towards smart fabrics. A survey was conducted in the metropolitan city of Murnbai. Factor analysis revealed five components which were labeled suitably. The study revealed that educated and financially affluent consumers responded positively to the concept of smart fabrics. The study recommended that smart fabrics may be positioned as a premium product in the apparel segment.

1 table, 21 ref

010288   Suresh N;Anil Kumar S;Gowda D M (NO, Don Bosco Institute of Bio-Sciences and Management Studies, Bangalore, Email: sureshn_rao@yahoo.co.in) : Credit risk management in commericial banks. J Coop Univ Res Ind Enterpr 2010, 2(4), 72-83.

The study was conducted to establish framework for measuring and managing credit risk for fifteen private Banks and to analyse the relationship of diversified portfolio of credit advances and NPAs of private banks. The portfolios of all credit advances in all regions were considered for the study. It was found that the relationship between Over all NPAs of private sector banks had no correlation with that of individual Bank and portfolios of occupations plays significant role towards contribution of NPAs. Personal loans are inversely proportional to the NPAs and are significant in all regions. The credit advances towards services sector is very low even though, 62 % of India's GDP is from them. Hence, Banks need to diversify their portfolio to achieve a better credit equilibrium and establish Risk Management Information System. The study enables a Banking Industry to progress towards its goals and objectives in the most direct, and effective way.

10 tables, 15 ref

010287   Shivaprakash A V;Harish V (NO, G.S.K.S.J.T.I., Bangalore) : Supply chain management in garment retailing. Man Made Text India 2008, 51(3), 94-7.

Supply chain management is an essential aspect of business today. The idea is to apply total system approach to managing entire flow of information material and service from raw material supplier through factories and warehouse to the end customer. Consider how materials might flow from a companies suppliers, through the company's operation and then on to its customers. An increasingly popular prospective today is to view the flow of materials from suppliers all the way to customers as a system to be managed. This perspective is commonly reoffered to as supply chain management. A supply chain is a sequence of suppliers, wholesalers, operations and retailer outlets. Different companies may have different supply chains due to the nature of their operation and whether they are primarily a manufacturing operations or a service operation. The seminar deals with comparison on conventional and vendor managed inventory (VMI) supply chain process. Vendor managed inventory process is the mechanism where the supplier creates the purchase orders based on the demand information exchanged by the retailer/customer. In simple terms, VMI is a backward replenishment model where the supplier does the demand creation and demand fulfillment. In this model, instead of the customer managing his inventory and deciding how much to fulfill and when, the supplier does.

4 ref

010286   Kundu K (NO, Alphia Institute of Business Management, Kolkata Campus, Ushasee Apartments, (277), 9 New South Park, P.O.: Regent Park Estate, Kolkata-700 092, Email: kaushik.kundu@alphia.org) : Influence of organizational culture on the institution building process of an organization. J Coop Univ Res Ind Enterpr 2010, 2(4), 48-57.

The concept of Organizational Culture has been developed over a long period of time. The concept has been developed mainly from the anthropological and societal concept of culture. Several models have been given over a period of time. Schien' s and Hofstede's are being more prominent among them. For the present context a three tier model has been developed modifying the previous mo The tires belong to the unconscious, semiconscious, and conscious levels depending on contributing factors. At the unconscious level factors like values, beliefs, assumptions are present. At the level of semi consciousness people will find components like attitude, artifacts etc. At the conscious level of culture one may find norms, behavior, practices, rituals etc. Institution building for an organization may be viewed as a proactive process of that generates new values for m organization as well as for the society. Exploration of the concepts indicates that the process m Institution building is basically nurtured and facilitated by the culture of the organization. This pom has tried to establish that how organizational culture can influence the process of institutional building in any organization.

27 ref

009142   Tirimanne D N;Ariyawardana A (Agricultural Economics and Busines Management Dep, Faculty of Agricult, University Peradeniya, Sri Lanka) : Use of organizational design features in purchasing. J Mgmt Res 2008, 8(3), 162-7.

Study was conducted to identify the extent of the use of organizational design features in purchasing and their influence on the purchasing performance of 40 garment manufacturing firms. Twenty-three organizational design features in 3 broad categories were used to group the firms. Purchasing performance was measured by using 5 factors. Analysis revealed 2 significantly different groups in terms of 19 organizational design features. Group One consisted of small firms whereas the other consisted of larger firms. The extent of use of all categories of organizational design features was greater in Group Two compared to Group One. Firms that used greater extent of organizational design features achieved better performance in purchasing.

3 tables, 19 ref

009141   Ongori H;Agolla J E (Management Dep, Faculty of Business, University of Botswana, Gaborone, Botswana) : Occupational stress in organizations and its effects on organizational performance. J Mgmt Res 2008, 8(3), 124-35.

Human resource practitioners, counsellors, professionals and managers in various organizations are concerned about the impact of occupational stress in organizations. Occupational stress affects employee turnover, productivity and firm performance. Managers in various organizations are in dilemma over what interventions need to be employed to minimize the costs associated with occupational stress. It is therefore, essential to understand the causes, symptoms and effects of occupational stress on organizational performance. The data used for study was generated by convenience random sampling of employees working in public sector organizations in Botswana. The findings from study show that occupational stress affects employees in several ways and is a major source of employee's turnover in many organizations. Suggestions have been made to inspire managers to understand and develop appropriate interventions to manage and minimize stress in their organizations.

1 illus, 4 tables, 48 ref

009140   Mukhopadhyay A R;Pradhan B;Gupta A (SQC & OR Unit, Indian Statistical Institute, , Email: 203, B. T. Road, Kolkata-700 108) : Developing an index for trading throgh multi commodity exchange in India. J Mgmt Res 2008, 8(3), 168-73.

Describes the construction of index for a commodity exchange organization. There are three types of commodities viz. Metal, Energy and Agricultural products, which are traded through this exchange. constructed indices for each commodity group and a combined index. For each commodity group, used weighted geometric mean of the price relatives as the index. Weights are selected based on the percentage of contribution of the number of contracts and physical market value. The combined index has been calculated by weighted arithmetic mean of group indices. Such a composite index is called MCX COMDEX. These indices are comparable with indices of other trading organizations. The indices have been made on-line by the trading exchange to give the current scenario of the real-time performance of the indices.

2 illus, 2 tables, 3 ref

009139   Jha S S;Nair S K (NO, Narsee Monjee Institute of Management, Higher Studies, Mumbai-400 056) : Influence of locus of control, job characteristics and superior-subordinate relationship on psychological empowerment. J Mgmt Res 2008, 8(3), 147-61.

Studies growing competition and ever increasing customer expectations today are driving the hospitality industry to embark on employee empowerment practices. Available literature on empowerment indicates that the success of empowerment depends on various factors related to the employee, the job, and the organization. Presents the results of a study undertaken to see the influence of variables such as internal locus of control, job characteristics, and superior-subordinate relationship on the psychological empowerment of employees in the hospitality sector. The sample consisted of 319 frontline employees of five-star hotels located in the city of Mumbai. Results based on correlation and multiple linear regression analysis show all the three variables to positively influence the psychological empowerment of the frontline employees. Implications of these findings are discussed.

5 tables, 64 ref