020001   Rana N;Khetarpaul N;Varsha Rani (Foods and Nutrition Dep, I.C. College of Home Science, C.C.S. Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar, Haryana) : Gender comparison of nutritional status of school going children consuming mid-day meal. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 55-8.

Study was undertaken in Hisar district of Haryana state. Govt. Primary School of Hisar city and Govt. Primary School of Mangali village of Hisar I block were selected as per the demand of study. A sample of 100 rural and 100 urban respondents of 5-10 year age were taken, thus, to make a total sample of 200 school going children. Anthropometric measurements and dietary intake (24-h recall method) were used to assess the nutritional status of rural and urban school going children who were consuming mid-day meal. Their intake of pulses and green leafy vegetables was significantly lower than RDI. Differences were found in cereals (t=3.17*), roots and tuber (t= 3.51*), other vegetables (t= 10.64*), green leafy vegetables (t=5.49*), milk and milk products (t=9.65*) and sugar and jaggery (t=6.03*) intake in the daily diets of rural and urban respondents. Out of 200 school going children, 32.5 per cent were underweight, 27.5 per cent stunted while 17 per cent children were wasted; out of them 5.5, 8 and 3.5 per cent were severely underweight, stunted and wasted, respectively. Magnitude of wasting (26.5%) and underweight (42.1%) was higher in girls in comparison to boys (10.2% wasted and 25.6% underweight).

4 tables, 10 ref

020000   Pandey A;Aparna K (Human Development and Family Studies Dep, Post Graduate Research Centre, College of Home Science, Acharya N.G. R, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, Email: alka.tripathi86@gmail.com) : Development of iron enriched ladoo by incorporating Eclipta alba leaves powder. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 6-9.

Study on the development of iron enriched snack product (ladoos) was conducted with the objective of producing iron enriched product to overcome iron deficiency in different age groups of people. The product was prepared by using dates, sesame seeds and different dry fruits, jaggery and dried Eclipta alba leaves powder, which is a highly enriched plant source of iron. Main objective of incorporating Eclipta alba leaves in ladoos was to increase its iron content and make it iron enriched to fulfill the iron requirement of all age groups. Results of the study clearly showed that 100 g of product can provide approximately 12 mg iron which can be a good source of iron and can be used as a iron supplement in diet by different age groups of people. The results from The study revealed that ladoos incorporated with Eclipta alba did not affect the taste of the product and found to be highly acceptable, but the colour was darkened compared to control which was due to the colour of the Eclipta alba leaves. It was also found from The study that the overall acceptability of the product prepared by incorporating Eclipta alba without adding wheat flour was more, compared to the control group and ladoos prepared by incorporating wheat flour and Eclipta alba. Hence, these ladoos can be used as a food supplement to combat Iron Deficiency Anemia (IDA).

1 illus, 3 tables, 7 ref

019999   Mishra M;Jain S (Food and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology U, Udaipur, Rajasthan, Email: maanvi29@gmail.com) : Prevalence of malnutrition among infants (6-12 months) in urban Udaipur (Rajasthan). Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 245-9.

Nutritional status in children is most vulnerable during the weaning stages when both macro and micro nutrients may be insufficient to maintain growth and development. The study was undertaken to discover the prevalence of malnutrition among the children (6-12 months) Data on demography and socio-economic aspects were collected on a total of 50 children i.e. using interviewing their mother. Anthropometric measurements were taken to assess the nutritional status. All the measurements were taken following standard techniques. The major findings were as follows: Out of 50 respondents, the degree of malnutrition was higher mainly in boys rather than girls in case of weight for age, head and chest circumference. Classification based on height for age shows that out of 50 respondents most of the subjects 78 per cent were short heighted. only 22 subjects were in normal category. Similar result of some studies showed that more per cent of male subjects suffered from different grades of malnutrition than female subjects. Possible reasons may be that mothers are not giving proper attention to the child due to working outside. Mostly mothers left their children at Anganwadi centre. Mothers have to be educated about the importance of breast feeding, proper time to start weaning, advice against indulging in harmful feeding practice. A health and nutrition survey must be conducted at proper intervals.

5 illus, 6 tables, 5 ref

019998   Mishra M;Jain S (Food and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology U, Udaipur, Rajasthan, Email: maanvi29@gmail.com) : Assessment of weaning practices adopted by the mothers in urban Udaipur, Rajasthan. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 103-6.

The period of weaning is the one during which a child becomes accustomed to the change from a diet consisting solely of his or her mother's milk, to one totally devoid of it, may take a year or more and it is one of the most crucial period in a child's life. Weaning practices are influenced to a great extent by the socio-economic status, education, religion, knowledge, attitude and beliefs of mother about childcare. The study was undertaken to assess weaning practices adopted by mothers in urban Udaipur, Rajasthan. Data on demography and socio-economic aspects were collected by interviewing total 50 lactating mothers randomly selected from three areas of Udaipur city. Weaning practices adopted by mothers shows that 30 per cent mothers did not feed colostrums to their children, it will effect nutritional status of children in later ages. 68 per cent mothers stop to feed milk because of insufficient milk, it indicates poor health status of mothers. In feeding pattern 16 per cent mothers did not sterilize bottles. Only 38 per cent mother sterilize bottle just after one feed. These improper practices will be harmful for child's health and hygiene. Supplementary food pattern shows that in semi-solid food 60 per cent mothers feed khichdi to their children. In ready to at eat food 36 per cent mothers have given biscuit to their children. Assessment indicates that mothers have to be educated about the importance of breast feeding, proper time to start weaning, advice against indulging in harmful feeding practice.

3 tables, 4 ref

019997   Mishra M;Jain S (Food and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology U, Udaipur, Rajasthan, Email: maanvi29@gmail.com) : Development and evaluation of low cost nutrient dense supplements for children (1-3 years). Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 1-5.

Nutritional status in children is most vulnerable during the weaning stages when both macro and micro nutrients may be insufficient to maintain growth and development. The pattern of supplementary feeding during the first year of life is increasingly recognized as important determinants of malnutrition. The study was conducted leading the objective to fulfill the nutritional requirement of children in early years of life as it is the growing period of physical as well as mental development of children. The main point that should be considered while planning that one serving should fulfill 1/6 nutritional requirement. The recipe was analyzed in its nutrient content using AOAC method and the result showed the nutrient content of one serving of the recipe as compared to calculated. The nutrient comparison between calculated value and analyzed value of the supplement (A) showed that the analyzed value of moisture, protein, fat were 4.5, 6.6 g, 8.9 g, respectively, that was as same as calculated. The carbohydrate and energy content were 37.2 g. 249.8 kcal, respectively. Nutrition composition of supplement (B) showed moisture, protein, fat 5.79g, 5.32g, 15.4 g, respectively. The carbohydrate and energy content were 35.39 gm. 250.16 kcal, respectively. Both planned supplements were low cost as the price for one serving was less than Rs. 5 The nutrient analysis showed that supplements were nutrient dense, having rich amount of energy, protein, fat those are essential for growth and development of children.

5 illus, 3 tables, 2 ref

019996   Mishra M;Bhatnagar V (Food and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology Un, Udaipur, Rajasthan) : Effect of processing methods on phytic acid, total iron and iron bioavailability of cowpea. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 51-4.

Cowpea is a oval creamy white bran with a black eye, soft textured, an excellent source of fibre and folate and a good source of iron. One of the main drawbacks that limits the nutritional quality of legumes is the presence of anti-nutritional factors. The study was undertaken to investigate the effects of processing methods such as soaking, germination, fermentation, wet heating on phytic acid, total iron, iron bioavailability of cowpea. 100g. sample was weighed for each processing technique separately as soaking and germination for 24,48,72 hrs. fermentation and wet heating (10,15,20 min.). Samples were analyzed in triplicate for phytic acid, total iron and iron bioavailability using standard procedure. Results showed that soaking for 24,48,72 hrs. decreased phytic acid and increased total iron and iron bioavailability. It can be concluded that germination for 24 hrs. was better than 48 hrs. as phytic acid increased during 48 hrs. germination and T₁ (24hr.) germination was more effective than other as it increased total iron and iron bioavailability. 20 mints wet heating decreased not only phytic acid but also total iron and its bioavailability as compared to control, so 20 min. cooking is not suitable for cowpea, 10 mints cooking is good as it maintains both iron and its bioavailability. Fermentation can be suggested as a best method of processing as it decreased the phytic acid more than other methods and increased total iron and its bioavailability, respectively.

4 illus, 4 tables, 8 ref

019995   Marak N (Foods and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, Central Agricultural Univ, Tura, Meghalaya, Email: natasha.marak@gmail.com) : Impact of family's vegetable cultivation on the nutritional status of rural garo women. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 161-5.

The objective of this study was to do a comparative analysis of the nutritional status of the farming and non-farming communities. In order to meet the objective, fifty one farmers and fifty one non-farmers/ non-vegetable growers were randomly selected from three villages from the West Garo Hills district. A questionnaire was prepared to ascertain their food consumption pattern, dietary intake and farming practices. After statistically analyzing the data, it was revealed that there was no significant difference in the food and nutrient consumption, anthropometric status (height and weight) of women belonging to farming and a non-farming family. The communities need to be educated in the importance of consuming adequate amounts of vegetables, especially green leafy vegetables. The only way to combat the high incidence of anaemia in the population is to increase the iron intake, which was found to be way below the RDA. The farmers can also be encouraged to increase their production of vegetables, so that it not only increases the family income but also increases their intake.

9 tables, 10 ref

019994   Manoj Kumar;Prasad P (Home Science, Food and Nutrition Dep, T.M. Bhagalpur Univ, Bhagalpur, Bihar, Email: manoj_kumar9210@yahoo.com) : Transition of diet from mother's childhood to children and its impact on their health and nutritional status of rural Anganwadi centre. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 254-8.

Among children between the age of 6 and 59 months, a majority (70%) are anaemic. Nearly 3/4 (75%) of women in India are anaemic. The ICDS scheme was launched on 2nd October 1975 as a centrally sponsored project with one of its core aim to improve the nutritional and.health status of pregnant and lactating mothers and children below six years. The main objective of the study was to assess the diet transition from mother's childhood to children and its impact on health and nutrition status of mother and children. There was no any remarkable difference in the diet of the mother and children. The SNP provided to the pre-school children at AWCs fulfils the only partial dietary requirement. Dietary pattern of mother and children showed that Bhat and Sabji was the major food stuff of their diet. There was lack of milk, green leafy vegetable, fruit, pulse and non-vegetarian in diet. Sattu was one of the main foods in diet sources. All mother and children belonged to BPL family; there was lack of availability and accessibility of adequate diet. Due to hardworking of mothers only 28 per cent got morning diet. Only 10 per cent mothers and 28 per cent children were getting adequate diet, resulting 70 per cent mothers underweight and 80 per cent mothers anaemic, whereas, 52 per cent children undernourished. For the improvement of the dietary intake and nutritional status of mother and children of rural areas, improvement of the services of SNP/THR and Nutrition Health Education of ICDS are must.

5 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

019993   Lenka C;Samantaray P;Jena D (Home Science Dep, R.D. Women's College, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, Email: jagannathseeds@gmail.com) : Nutritional status and food habits of tribal children (1-5 yrs): a study in Mayurbhanj district of Odisha. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 190-6.

Nutritional status and food habits of 350 children (0-5 years) was assessed in 11 Anganwadis of Udala ICDS project, Mayurbhanj district of Odisha by using random purposive sampling method with the help of pretested questionnaire. Data on anthropometric measurements and food intake were collected by using required tools. Majority of the parents were agricultural labourers with low socio-economic condition. Problem of malnutrition was more among girls in comparison to boys. Mean height, weight, head circumference, mid-upper arm circumference and chest circumference of both tribal boys and girls were found to be lesser than NCHS standard, Wolanski standard and ICMR standard. The mean food and nutrient intake of the tribal children was found to be less than the recommended dietary allowances. The amount of consumption of all foods decreased with the severity of malnutrition. Significant difference in the intake of the different food items was observed between normal and moderately malnourished children and between normal and severely malnourished children.

7 tables, 5 ref

019992   Lande R A (Home Science Dep, Shri Shivaji Arts, Commerce and Science College, Akola, Maharashtra, Email: smtaley@rediffmail.com) : Impact of garden cress supplimentation on prepubertal girls under anemic condition. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 221-5.

Anemia is most common in all the groups of adolescent girls. Preparing them for sound health and accepting the challenges of health problems in their future life, their diet is to be supplemented with traditional iron rich food. So, attempts were made to assess the effect of garden cress supplementation on the iron deficiency anemia in pre-pubertal girls. 240 pre-pubertal girls were selected with the help of equal interval method of randomization ratio. To study the effect of dietary supplementation four different types of treatment were considered. Difference in terms of improvement in anthropometric measurements and haemoglobin were indicative under observation. Majority (69.16%) of respondents had their Hb level in between 8 to 9.8 mg/dl which was greatly influenced by dietary iron and vitamin C. The quantity of daily iron intake in between 11 to 14 mg/dl indicated the positive and effective supplementation on anthropometric status and Hb level in MSG followed by MEG and LIG.

5 tables, 3 ref

019991   Kumkum Kumari (P.G. Home Science Dep, J.D. Women's College, Patna, Bihar, Email: drkumkumsharma29@rediffmail.com) : Effect of socio-economic status on dietary and nutrient intakes of adolescent girls of Patna, Bihar. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 62-4.

Adolescence is a period of rapid growth accompanied by major physical changes which require extra nutritional intake of nutrients such as carbohydrates, protein, fat, vitamin and minerals. Adolescent girls are a very important segment of population as they are the potential mothers of future generations. Socio-economic status of adolescent girls has a bearing on their dietary and nutrient intake. The present survey was conducted to assess the variation in food and nutrient intake among the adolescent girls of low, middle and high income groups residing in the jurisdiction of Patna Municipal area. Standard methods of dietary and nutrition survey were used to collect the information. The results were compared with RDA given by ICMR across different income levels of the adolescent girls. The study revealed that the adolescent girls as a whole have a poor intake of food in terms of quality and quality irrespective of their socio-economic status. However, intake of certain food and nutrients varied among girls coming from different socio-economic groups.

3 tables, 5 ref

019990   Kiran U V (Human Development and Family Studies Dep, School for Home Sciences, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Univ, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh, Email: raysbbau@gmail.com) : Design compatibility of hand tools. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 259-63.

Hand tools are ubiquitous and they are integral to the daily routine. Workers in agricultural work, industrial occupation and home makers in kitchens make intensive use of hand tools, and poor tool design can adversely affect user's performance and lead to increased accidents and injuries. Kitchen tools aid to perform the job safely, efficiently and comfortably even in adverse working conditions, reinforcing strength and effectiveness of hands. The problem arises with the selection of right tool with the availability of variety of tools in the market ensuring comfort and safety. The study is an attempt to know user's opinion about the design and comfort features of the kitchen tools used by them. Twin cities of Hyderabad and Secunderabad were selected for the study. A total of 120 employed home makers were identified as the sample and a self-structured interview schedule pertaining to tool possession, frequency of tool use, user identity, years and duration of use of tool, and feeling of convenience while using the tool were studied. The results of the survey revealed that peelers, kitchen tongs and graters are the tools, which are very useful but are felt stressful and comfortable to use. Results of the study confirmed that the existing kitchen tools have certain design flaws in user's point of view and require modifications to improve user's comfort and efficiency.

1 illus, 5 tables, 5 ref

019989   Khare T;Sharma P (College of Home Science, G.B. Pant Agriculture and Technology Univ, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, Email: tulikagbpuat@gmail.com) : Assessment of the physiological cost of work for the workers performing kitchen related standing activities in restaurants. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 38-42.

Restaurant workers who spend most of the time in buildings and therefore experience the greatest amount of exposure while performing various activities is at greatest risk. They do the work which is very labour and hand intensive. These result in physiological disorders related to increase in blood pressure, heart rate, pulse rate and total cardiac cost of work. This is mainly due to lack of awareness of the basic principles, poor working conditions and reluctance to change existing and traditional work methods and tools. Besides this awkward posture, the work place and psychological factors are also important aspects; for workers health and safety. Therefore, the study was undertaken to find out the physiological cost of work for the workers performing kitchen related standing activities in restaurants. Therefore, the study was undertaken to find out the physiological risk assessment among the workers engaged in an organized restaurants industry. For The study 120 workers from the four south Indian restaurants i.e. Srinidhi sagar, Raaga the family restaurant, Tamarind and Inchara, the family restaurant, Bangalore city, Karnataka State. Research design used was descriptive-cum-experimental. Purposive sampling was used and data were collected by interview method. The workers were mainly literate and aged from 25-40 years. The data further showed the existing condition of the restaurant workers which were satisfactorily regarding the work environment.

1 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

019988   Joshi P;Tayde V V;Wattamwar V M (Extension Education Dep, Anand Niketan College of Agriculture, Warora, Chandrapur (M.S.)) : Correlation of anganwadi workers of integrated child development scheme. Agric Update 2012, 7(3-4), 295-7.

Study was conducted in forty villages of four taluka of Parbhani district of Marathwada region of Maharashtra State on 80 anganwadi workers with an object to study the personal, social and economical characteristics of anganwadi workers and to examine the relationship between the personal, social and economical characteristics of anganwadi workers and their communication behaviour. The data were collected by personally interviewing the anganwadi workers and analyzed statically. The result of study depicted that maximum respondents expressed in middle age group, most of the respondents were educated up to secondary school level, fifty per cent of the respondents were high cast, Majority anganwadi workers were married, while three fourth respondents were from joint family and 70 per cent respondents were from medium family income group. Further it was revealed that majority of the respondents had service experience between 6 to 10 years, 93.75 per cent respondents received both basic and revised trainings. Most of the respondents had favourable attitude towards ICDS. While 71.25 per cent of the respondent were moderately satisfied with their job and medium level of knowledge about their job components. Education, service experience, training received, job satisfaction, and knowledge about job components had positive and significant relationship with communication behaviour of anganwadi workers.

3 tables, 5 ref

019987   Iyn N N I;Banumathi P;Kanchana S;Sundaram S P;Ibrahim S M;Ilamaran M;Selvi J (Food Science and Nutrition Dep, Home Science College and Research Institute, T.N.A.U., Madurai, Tamil Nadu, Email: noush_f007@yahoo.com) : Starch: modification techniques and resistant starch on human wellness. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 305-15.

Starch modifications such as physical, chemical and enzymatic treatments are done to disrupt the granule structure and to induce the required functional properties of native starches. Resistant starch, a non-digestible polysaccharide and highly retrograded starch fraction used as a functional food ingredient which is formed upon modification of starch and food processing is a useful starch derivative. Resistant starch had evoked a considerable position in human society due to its reputed and positive impacts on health analogous to dietary fibre. The present review focuses on the starch modification techniques to improve the functional properties and resistant starch content in foods.

^iia89 ref

019986   Ghatge N S (Pravara Rural Education Society's, Women's College of Home Science and BCA, Rahata, Ahmednagar, Maharashtra, Email: nalinihemangi26@rediffmail.com) : Effect of soychakali feeding on anthropometric status of malnourished pre-school children. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 295-9.

To combat malnutrition supplementary feeding programmes are the emerging need in under nutrition for vulnerable segment in the population. Supplementary feeding must be the additional nutrients which are providing for the optional growth and desirable change in health status in particular. Hence, traditional and familiar supplementary foods must be based on the formulation of the required nutrients for the treating of malnutrition, return the child to physiological, immunological and biochemical normality.Organoleptically high score evaluated soychakali was provided as supplementary food to preschool malnourished children. The soychakali was given @ 50 g/ child/day. Selection of pre-school malnourished children were done according to waterlow classification. The anthropometric measurements such as weight (kg), height(cm), body mass index (kg/m²), skin fold thickness (mm), arm circumference (cm), wrist circumference (cm) and mid arm muscle circumference (cm) were significantly increased after supplementation of soychakali for six months. Control group found steady, slow and non-significant change in all the anthropometric indices after experimental period.

6 tables, 9 ref

019985   Firdusi S N;Neog N;Barooah M S (Food and Nutrition Dep, Assam Agricultral Univ, Jorhat, Assam, Email: nishat4t@rediffmail.com) : Nutrient composition of two non-conventional greens (Lasia spinosa and Alpinia nigra) of Assam having therapeutic importance. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 343-6.

Changmora (Lasia spinosa) and Tora (Alpinia nigra) are two non- conventional greens of Assam known to be used in rural dietaries as culinary herbs as well as therapy to treat various diseases. The tender leaves of L. spinosa and shoots of A. nigra were analyzed for their nutrient composition. Both the leaves and the shoots exhibited a good amount of energy (308.68 Kcal and 246.55 Kcal, respectively) indicating the presence of high energy yielding nutrients i.e. carbohydrates - 43.50 g and 30.70 g, protein -14.50 g and 11.25 g and fat-8.52 g and 8.75 g, respectively. These two herbs are known to be used for treating inflammation and rheumatism probably due to their high fat content as anti-inflammatory factors. The leaves of L.spinosa and the shoots of A.nigra contained high amount of fibre-14.60 g and 31.2 g, respectively showing their importance in alleviating various chronic degenerative diseases. These two greens contained ample amount of minerals like calcium (416.00 mg and 250.00 mg, respectively), potassium (109.41mg and 57.67 mg, respectively) and iron (19.45 mg and 9.10 mg, respectively). High amount of calcium content in A. nigra signifies its therapeutic use in alleviating bone weakness. Both the greens were found to be a rich source of ascorbic acid (leaves 165.18 mg and shoots 95.89 mg, respectively). Thus L.spinosa and A.nigra could be considered as two potential non-conventional greens of Assam accredited with well-balanced nutrients and health caring properties.

1 table, 26 ref

019984   Farzana F H;Fatima N (NO, College of Home Science, Marathwada Krishi Vidyapeeth, Parbhani, Maharashtra) : Effect of garlic chutney on hypertensive subjects. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 134-8.

Study was undertaken to assess the effect of garlic chutney on hypertensive subjects. Garlic contains allicin, which is sulphur containing substance that may have hypertensive reducing properties. A sample of 60 hypertensive subjects was selected purposively. Their information regarding socio-economic status and health status was collected through questionnaire. They were divided into two groups, experimental and control, 30 in each group. The blood pressure reading was taken initially for all the 60 people. The prepared accepted garlic chutney was given to 30 subjects of experimental group for 60 days. The reading of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at 0,15, 30,45 and 60 days was recorded for both the groups. The collected data were analyzed statistically and it was concluded that consumption of 0.45 g of dried garlic powder for 60 days has the positive effect on hypertensive subjects for systolic and diastolic blood pressure reading.

3 tables, 3 ref

019983   Dhyani A;Singh R (Human Development and Family Studies Dep, G.B. Pant Agriculture and Technology Univ, Pantnagar, Udham Singh Nagar, Uttarakhand, Email: ritu.sigh07@gmail.com) : Temperament of adolescents as a function of their type of family. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 10-3.

Present study assessed the difference in the temperament of adolescents being brought up in foster home and biological nuclear families. SOS Children's Village was the purposively selected foster home for The study. The sample for The study comprised of forty five (45) 14-18 year old adolescents from SOS Bhimtal and an equivalent number of respondents from.biological nuclear families of Bhimtal itself, thus, making a total of 90 respondents for The study. Temperament of the adolescents was assessed by administering Dimensions of Temperament Scale by Chadha and Chandan (2005). Results revealed that boys, irrespective of their type of family, were significantly more aggressive and impulsive than their counterparts whereas, girls from both the families were significantly more warm and tolerant than the boys. Comparison of temperament of respondents across their type of family revealed that respondents from foster home were significantly more secretive, responsible, tolerant and tough-minded than their counterparts. On the other hand, respondents from the biological nuclear families were significantly more placid, sociable, reflective and cooperative than those being brought up in the foster home.

2 tables, 9 ref

019982   Devi S;Baranwal A;Singhal A (Home Science Extension and Communication Management Dep, College of Home Science, M.P. Univ of Agiruclture and Technology, Udaipur (Rajasthan), Email: sarita30@gmail.com) : Entrepreneurial needs as perceived by rural women in agriculture and non- agriculture sector. Agric Update 2012, 7(3-4), 271-4.

Describes about the entrepreneurial need as perceived by rural women in Faizabad city of Uttar Pradesh. The study was conducted in 8 villages of Bikapur block of Faizabad district of Uttar Pradesh. The sample comprised of purposively selected 80 rural women i.e.40 women entrepreneur and 40 non entrepreneurs (5 entrepreneurs and 5 non-entrepreneurs from each of the 8 selected villages). All the respondents perceived and expressed entrepreneurial need in agriculture enterprises.From the findings of the study it could be thus inferred agro-based enterprises were the perceive need of women.Hence the planners and the policy makers should think and promote these enterprises to rural community.

3 tables, 5 ref

019981   Deka M B;Saikia R M;Saikia P (AICRP-Home Science, Extension Education Dep, Faculty of Home Science (A.A.U.), Jorhat (Assam), Email: pompisaikia.aau@gmail.com) : Micro-finance and functioning of women SHG in Jorhat district of Assam. Agric Update 2012, 7(3-4), 372-5.

The study was conducted in Jorhat district of Assam to find out the micro-finance and functioning of SHGs in Jorhat district of Assam. Fifty SHGs from Jorhat district were selected randomly for the study fund sources and utilization and problems faced by the group members was studied. The organizational profile revealed that majority were 3 years old. Most of the groups were of medium size having 12-14 members. All the SHGs maintained regularity in convening meeting. Group savings and utilization pattern showed that 32 SHGs followed a monthly saving pattern and rest weekly savings pattern and amount of contribution was upto Rs.50.00 for majority of the groups. Records were maintained by the secretary. Both farm based and non farm based activities were undertaken for income generation. All the SHGs followed their own constitution and source of fund was assistance from block followed by banks. Time for convening meeting emerged as the major problem followed by contacting different members.

2 tables, 4 ref

019980   Bisht D;Bakhshi R (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana, Punjab, Email: deepshelly@gmail.com) : Awareness among women regarding deforestation and fuel wood saving practices followed by them. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 242-4.

The present investigation was undertaken to know the awareness of rural and urban respondents regarding deforestation, its causes and effects and to study the firewood saving practices followed by respondents. The study was conducted on 60 rural and 60 urban respondents of Ludhiana district and the results showed that only 10 per cent of rural and 88.33 per cent of the urban respondents were aware about deforestation. As regards energy saving techniques while using fuel wood about 60 per cent rural respondents used to follow such practices. The urban households were not found to be using firewood at all.

1 illus, 3 table, 3 ref

019979   Bisht D;Bakhshi R (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana, Punjab, Email: deepshelly@gmail.com) : Water saving practices: a comparison of rural and urban homemakers of Ludhiana district. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 187-9.

The objective of the present investigation was to study the different water saving practices followed by rural and urban homemakers, in home and while performing various personal care activities. The study was conducted on 60 rural and 60 urban homemakers of Ludhiana district. The results showed that higher number of urban respondents were following different water management practices, such as turning off water when brushing teeth, sharing water saying tips with others, etc. as compared to their rural counterparts.

2 tables, 3 ref

019978   Baruah M;Borah S (Family Resource Management Dep, College of Home Science, Assam Agricultural Univ, Jorhat, Assam) : Energy consumption pattern in rural households of Tura, Meghalaya. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 280-3.

Energy has been recognized as basic requirement in every aspect of human welfare. Energy is a fundamental requirement for subsistence in the form of cooking, heating and lighting and at the same time it is a necessary input in productive processes such as agriculture, transportation and industry. In India, the household sector is one of the major energy consuming units accounting for half of the country's energy demand which is nearly double quantity of energy consumed by agriculture and industry. A sample of hundred households was selected for the study from the rural areas of Tura, Meghalaya. The-objective of the study was to estimate per capita energy consumption per household. The study on energy consumption pattern in rural households of Tura revealed that non-commercial sources were used in greater amount as compared to commercial sources. The per capita consumption of firewood was 1.48 as compared to L.P.G. which was only 0.08.

5 tables, 3 ref

019977   Balwinder Kaur;Kanwaljit Kaur (Home Science, Extension and Communication Management Dep, Collge of Home Science, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana, Punjab, Email: balwindergorsian@gmail.com) : Awareness of rural women of Punjab regarding pollution causing electricity consumption practices. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 289-91.

The study was conducted to find out the awareness regarding pollution causing electricity consumption practices in three regions of Punjab i.e. Majha, Malwa and Doaba. For this purpose, 240 rural women of district Gurdaspur, Hoshiarpur and Ludhiana were selected. Data were collected through interview schedule. Study findings revealed that majority of the respondents had medium level of awareness. Eighty two per cent were aware about the noise pollution due to high pitch of television and radio. Large majority of respondents (92%) were not aware that rays from microwave and oven are harmful for health as well as environment. Education, mass media exposure and family education, family income were significantly correlated with level of awareness whereas respondent's income, extension contacts had no significant effect on awareness. There in need to create the awareness among rural women regarding alternatives and management strategies to control pollution causing electricity consumption practices.

1 illus, 3 tables, 5 ref

019976   Ansari S;Dhakar R (Human Development and Family Studies Dep, College of Home Science, Maharana Pratap Agriculture and Technology Un, Udaipur, Rajasthan) : Development of stress scale for aged. Asian J Home Sci 2013, 8(1), 359-61.

The aim of the study was to construct arid validate a scale for assessment of stress in aged widows and widowers. The stress scale consisted of 56 questions on various aspects of stress. A pilot study was conducted and forty aged citizens (20 widows and 20 widowers), between the age range of 60 to 80, were selected from Kanpur (U.P.). The content of structured scale was validated by panel members. The reliability and validity of tools were computed. In view of high validity and reliability scores, this tool was found to be an acceptable instrument to assess the level of stress of widows arid widowers.

2 tables, 4 ref

018934   Singh V P;Pathak V;Verma A K;Gaurav Kumar;Raj Kumar (Livestock Products Technology Dep, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, DUVASU, Mathura-281 001, Email: pathakvet@gmail.com) : Effect of different cooking methods on quality of broiler chicken meat chat. Haryana Vet 2012, 51(12), 38-40.

The study is envisaged for the comparative quality assessment of broiler chicken meat chat prepared by three cooking techniques (roasting, microwave cooking and frying). The chat was prepared with broiler chicken meat, condiments, spice mix, salt, lemon juice and coriander leaves. Cooking yield was estimated along with sensory evaluation and proximate analysis. On the basis of study we found that broiler meat chat prepared by roasting scored highest for sensory attributes. Nutritionally, broiler chicken meat chat prepared with microwave cooking was found best among all three cooking techniques. The analysis of data revealed that colour and appearance, flavour, texture, mouth coating of roasted and fried broiler chicken chat were non-significantly different among each other but these values were significantly higher than that of microwave cooked products. The sensory scores of saltiness and overall acceptability revealed significant difference among different cooking techniques. The data on proximate analysis (except fat value) and cooking parameters also showed non-significant differences among each other. Fat values of roasted and microwave cooked products were found similar and were significantly different from fried products.

3 tables, 13 ref

018933   Jeyagowri R;Bidhyapathi Devi A (Resource Management Dep, Avinashilingam Institute for Home Science and Higher Education for Wom, Coimbatore-641 043) : Creating awareness on the use of biogas in rural households in Imphal. Res Highlight 2013, 23(2), 105-14.

Energy is the key to the development of a nation. Wise selection of energy which improves living standard as well as environment is an inevitable to all the people in the modern days. Everybody should know the current energy trends and understand the advantages of renewable sources of energy which are crucial to sustainable human life. Biogas is eco-friendly and low cost energy technology can be used to combat the fuel crisis. This study on fuel use pattern of rural masses in hilly region revealed that they were mostly dependent on traditional fuels such as agricultural wastes, animal wastes and conventional fuels such as LPG and electricity. Due to the use of traditional fuels in unprocessed form create health hazards to the homemakers. The knowledge gained through the awarness programme on biogas may balance the gap between demand and supply of fuel and improve the quality of life.

10 tables, 8 ref

018932   Dhanya N;Jaya S (Home Science Dep, St. Teresa's College, Ernakulam-682 035) : Functioning of old age homes and life satisfaction of elderly. Res Highlight 2013, 23(2), 87-95.

There is an urgent need for setting up homes for the aged with activities and programmes, structured with all infrastructure facilities so that the aged could live happily and independently, it is now essential to find out if these institutions have provided all sufficient services for elderly to lead a satisfactory life.

5 tables, 8 ref

018931   Dhaka B L;Chayal K;Poonia M K (NO, Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Bundi-323 001, Email: bldhaka@gmail.com) : Perception of rural women about improved cooking stoves in Bundi district of Rajasthan. Indian J Ecol 2012, 39(2), 192-4.

Study was conducted in Bundi district of Rajasthan to know the perception of rural women about the benefits of use of improved cooking stoves. A total of 75 rural women were selected from six villages as respondents through proportionate sampling. Study revealed that majority (57.33 per cent) of the respondents had favourable perception towards the benefits of use of improved cooking stoves and had replaced use of traditional cooking stoves with improved cook stoves partially. Safe passage or removal of cooking smoke outside kitchen area was perceived as the most important benefit of use of improved cook stoves followed by fuel saving and time saving. Factors such as family size, level of education, innovativeness, heath consciousness and contact with extension personnel were found to have positive and significant correlation with the perception of respondents towards benefits of use of improved cooking stoves.

5 tables, 4 ref

018930   Bahman S;Yadav N;Kumar A;Ganguly S;garg V; Marwaha S S (Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, , SCO:7&8 (Top Floor), Phase-V sAS Nagar (Mohali)-160 059, Email: pbti2005@yahoo.com) : Impact of house hold practices on the nutritional profile of milk. Indian J Publ Hlth 2012, 56(1), 82-7.

The purpose of this study was to see the effect of household practices on the nutritional profile of milk. Different types of pasteurized milk samples: standardized, double toned, full cream, and unpasteurized milk were analyzed. The effect of household practices on the nutritional profile of all these milk samples was studied using National/lnternational methods. Boiling of milk increased the concentration of most of the components and minerals except for vitamins A, B₃, B₅, and B₁₂ where the decrease observed was 21%, 13%, 3% and 21%, respectively. Addition of water decreased the concentration of minerals and vitamins. Addition of sugar increased the energy and condiments increased total solids, carbohydrate and minerals content but led to a decrease in the vitamin content. Storage of milk led to a decrease in total solids by 19% and vitamins A, B₃, B₅, and B₁₂ by 26%, 17-19%, 23%, and 18-26%, respectively. The pH was not influenced by any of the household practices. Every step during household practices in the handling of milk reduces its nutritional profile and significantly affects the quality. Vitamins playa very important role in health and loss during household processing becomes an interesting attribute that requires further research in detail.

3 tables, 2 illus, 27 ref

018929   Awasthi V;Bahman S;Thakur L K;Singh S K;Dua A;Ganguly S (Punjab Biotechnology Incubator, , SCO: 7&8 (Top Floor), Phase-V, SAS Nagar (Mohali)-160 059, Email: pbti2005@yahoo.com) : Contaminants in milk and impact of heating: an assessment study. Indian J Publ Hlth 2012, 56(1), 95-9.

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of household practices on milk contaminants. Samples of pasteurized as well as unpasteurized milk (Vendor's milk) were analyzed for AFM 1, pesticide residues, and heavy metals. Simulating the household practices, the impact of boiling on these contaminants was assessed. The contaminant Aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) was detected at a concentration ranging from 0.071-0.075 ppb in unpasteurized as well as pasteurized milk samples analyzed during the course of study. Moreover, boiling had no impact on the quantity of AFM1 present in the milk. Pesticides and heavy metal contents were found to be within acceptable limits in all the milk samples tested. Mycotoxins especially aflatoxins in cattle feed and their consequential presence in milk and milk products is a serious concern world over as they are reported carcinogens. These fungal toxins are resistant to high temperatures and may lead to various health hazards. Preventive steps must be taken at each stage to ensure good quality of milk and milk products free from these contaminants. Awareness programs and education for the dairy farmers and milk processors may be helpful in this regard.

1 table, 2 illus, 28 ref

018928   Awasthi N;Khan K;Singh A S N;Singh A (NO, Machs, Chandra Shekhar Azad Agri & Tech. Univ, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh) : Assessment of physical features of rural kitchen. Adv Life Sci 2012, 1(1), 62-5.

Housing in India has two major facets: urban and rural. The nature and magnitude of rural housing problem is much more complex. In the rural areas, poor people usually live in kachcha sheds which can hardly be called houses in the true sense. It is surprising but true that when living standard of people has been rising day by day, there is not much improvement in the organization and qualities of kitchen especially in rural areas and lower income brackets of urban areas. A home maker spends major part of her working hours in food related tasks and the kitchen is the main arena where these tasks are performed. A rural homemaker spends about 6 to 7 hours daily in the kitchen. It is important that kitchen of a house should meet at least minimal standards, so that the health and safety of a home maker, who spends most of her time in the kitchen can be safe guarded. Keeping this fact in view the present study was conceptualized to gain inside into the rural kitchen, its physical features, use and storage features available. Study was conducted in Kanpur District through direct interview schedule. Rural kitchen were still not in good condition maximum were of kachcha type and constructed in open verandah.

018927   Agarwal A;Awasthi V;Dua A;Ganguly S;Marwaha S S (PunjabBiotechnology Incubator, , SCO: 7&* (Top Floor), Phase-V, SAS Nagar (Mohali)-160 059, Email: pbti2005@yahoo.com) : Microbiological profile of milk: impact of household practices. Indian J Publ Hlth 2012, 56(1), 88-94.

This study was undertaken with an objective to evaluate the effect of household practices on the microbiological profil of milk. Milk samples of pasteurized, ultra heat treated (UHT) as well as unpasteurized milk (Vendor's milk) were collected. The effect of different storage practices and treatments on the microbiological profile (standard plate count (SPC), coliform, E. coli, Salmonella, Shigella, Staphylococcus aureus, yeast and moulds, anaerobic spore count, and Listeria monocytogenes) of milk was studied using National/ International Standard Test Methods. Average SPC in vendor's milk was found very high as compared to pasteurized milk. Coliform, yeast and moulds, E. coli, and Staphylococcus aureus were detected in the samples of vendor's as well as pasteurized milk. Boiling the milk reduces SPC and kills the other microorganisms. Storage of boiled milk under room temperature or refrigerated condition resulted in a similar increase in SPC at the end of 24 h, but storage of un-boiled milk even under refrigerated conditions increased SPC manifold after 24 h. The pasteurization process and hygienic conditions at the milk processing units along with cold chain of milk from suppliers to end users needs improvement. Currently, even pasteurized milk does not match the microbiological standards. It is recommended that milk should be boiled before consumption and refrigerated for storage to improve its shelf life/keeping quality.

2 tables, 3 illus, 42 ref

017861   Singh A (Food & Nutrition (Biochemistry) Dep, Institute of Home Science, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra-282 002) : Comparative study of health status between the adolescents taking normal, fast and fermented food. Flora Fauna 2013, 19(1), 3-7.

The study was conducted to know the health status between the adolescents according to their food habits. Significant difference regarding health status of adolescents taking normal, fast food and fermented food were observed. Adolescents should be aware that consumption of high fat fast food may contribute to childhood and subsequent adult obesity.

5 tables, 7 ref

016849   Thirumangaimannan G;Gurumurthy K (School of Biosciences and Technology, VIT University, Vellore-632 014, Email: kalaichelvan@gmail.com ) : Study on the fermentation pattern of common millets in Koozh preparation - a traditional South Indian food. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2013, 12(3), 512-17.

Koozh is a popular South Indian traditional food made from finger millet (Eleucine corocana Gaertn.). The traditional preparation method was applied to other common millets, viz. Pearl millet [Pennisitum typhoides (Burm.f.) Stapf & C.E. Hubbard], Sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.)Moenchand Maize (Zea mays L.). The fermentation process was monitored for microbial succession. The biochemical changes and sensory properties were evaluated and compared with traditional finger millet fermentation process. Microbial profile and biochemical changes in selected millets were identical to traditional fermentation process. Starch hydrolysers were the primary players in the initial hours (0 -10 hrs) of fermentation in all grains, while lactic acid bacteria (LAB) dominated the later hours (0 - 15 hrs). Starch hydrolysis was the major biochemical transformation occurred during the initial fermentation period, and in later conversion of sugar into acids took place which made the medium acidic. Koozh prepared from pearl millet and sorghum had sharp flavor and received acceptability from consumers, while Maize Koozh did not appeal to the consumers. This study is an attempt to add variety to traditional process and to improve commercial value and marketability.

2 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

016848   Singh P;Tewari P;Yadav R (Home Science Extension Dep, College of Home Science, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture and Techn, Pantnagar-263 145) : Role of women in farming activities in Hill zone of Uttarakhand. Pantnagar J Res 2013, 11(2), 299-304.

Women, especially of hill region are the backbone of agriculture and play a significant role in the management of natural resources. Inspite of this, actual and potential role of women in bringing about sustainable development has been ignored. Present study was conducted with the objective to know the role of hill women and men in farming activities. Finding reveals that the role of hill women is quite prominent in almost all the farming activities. Partial access and control of both women and men was observed over majority of the farm related resources i.e. use of land, tools and implements, improved seeds, fertilizers, insecticides/pesticides and retention for commercial purpose. Farm related resources where money matters were involved i.e. purchase/sale of land, marketing and management of cash, rural men had more access and control.

3 illus, 4 tables, 8 ref

016847   Shrestha R;Awasthi P;Tiwari N (Foods and Nutrition Dep, College of Home Science, G. B. Pant University of Agriculture and Tech, Pantnagar-263 145) : Effect of incorporating oat flour on the sensory and physico-chemical characteristics of bread. Pantnagar J Res 2013, 11(2), 292-5.

Oat bread was prepared by replacing refined wheat flour with oat flour in different proportions. The bread with incorporation of ten per cent oat flour was found to be most acceptable and non-significantly different in most of the sensory and physical characteristics from the control. As the incorporation of oat flour was increased, the sensory characteristics gradually decreased. Loaf volume and specific volume also decreased with the increased oat flour incorporation, while weight of the breads increased gradually. Nutrient content of acceptable oat bread was found to be higher than the control especially in protein, iron and fiber content.

4 tables, 13 ref

016846   Pandya A D;Dholakia K L (Clothing and Textiles Dep, Faculty of Family and Community Sciences, The M S University of Baroda, Vadodara-390 002, Email: amita_1957@yahoo.co.in) : Historical Overview of Kutch Embroideries. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2013, 12(3), 524-9.

Handicrafts for eternity hold the essence of its original abode though it transforms according to the change in milieu and time. Knowledge of past at all times facilitates the inkling of foundation. It provides the inspiration for future modifications and innovations. Embroidery of Kutch has withstood the ravages of time and tough competition with other handicrafts of the region. The changing times have though, affected Kutch and its crafts as various progressive factors like commercialization and industrialization that have influenced the life of artisans. It was essential to record the history of omnipotent needle craft of Kutch in order to maintain the roots intact which can serve as a guideline for future generations. Survey was undertaken to exhume and document the history of Kutch embroidery craft a part from desk research.

2 illus, 5 ref

016845   Blah M M;Joshi S R (Home Science, St Mary`s College, Shillong-793 003, Meghalaya, Email: srjoshi2006@yahoo.co.in) : Nutritional content evaluation of traditional recipes consumed by ethnic communities of Meghalaya, India. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2013, 12(3), 498-505.

Various traditional foods consumed by the ethnic Khasi tribe of Meghalaya, India were sampled, standardized and evaluated for their nutritional contents. This food comprised of the main lunch or dinner dishes, and side dishes consumed with the meals, and also the food items taken as snacks. A total of 80 different most preferred recipes of vegetarian and non-vegetarian types were selected and standardized. A panel of 10 local women evaluated the recipes for sensory acceptance. The nutritive values of the standardized recipes were calculated for one portion size meal for all the major and micronutrients like protein, fat, carbohydrate, fibre, calcium, iron, vitamin C, carotene and calories. The nutritive values also incorporate the nutritional contributions made by wild edible fruits, berries, nuts, roots and spices, edible green leaves including salad and chutney consumed by the ethnic tribes as part of the whole meal. The findings reveal that the whole meal taken together makes a good balanced diet in the tribal food habits.

1 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

016844   Baliga S S;Naik V A;Mallapur M D (Community Medicine Dep, Jawaharlal Nehru Medical College, Nehru Nagar, Belgaum-590 010, Email: baliga1983@rediffmail.com) : Nutritional status of adolescent girls residing in rural area: a community-based cross-sectional study. J Scient Soc 2014, 41(1), 22-5.

Adolescence is a period of transition between childhood and adulthood. Nutritional requirements during this period increase tremendously compared to preceding years of growth. The nutritional status of adolescent girls, the future mothers, contributes significantly to the nutritional status of the community. The present study was aimed to assess the current nutritional status of the adolescent girls. This one-year community-based, cross-sectional study was undertaken at a village Peeranwadi of District Belgaum, Karnataka among 400 adolescent girls of 10 to 19 years. Information on socio-demographic variables was collected by an interview using pre-designed and pre-tested questionnaire. A 24-hour recall method was used to assess nutrient intake. The nutrient intake was calculated using tables of nutritive value of Indian foods. For the comparison of anthropometric data, National Center for Health Statistics and National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey standards were used. The mean age among the study population was 12.9 ± 2.06 years. Majorities (73.5%) of them were Hindus, 98.5% were literate, and 90% were currently studying. Adolescent girls between 10 and 14 years were more stunted (63.82%) as compared to 15 to 19 years (40.84%) (P = 0.0003) and thin (60.79% vs. - 39.43%; P = 0.0009). Overall, the mean calorie intake was observed to be 1272.20 ± 133.28 kcal/day, protein intake was 40.99 ± 3.32 gm, and iron intake was 14.42 ± 2.58 mg. Overall, majority of girls were having dietary intake less than 50% of RDA, and almost three fourth of girls were anemic.

5 tables, 23 ref

015778   Khawas G (Sociology Dep, Jadavpur Univ, Kolkata, Email: gkhawas@yahoo.co.in) : Nutritional health status of primary school children a study in Jaldhaka hill community. Int J Inf Comput Sci 2013, 16(1), 46-52.

Health status of a community can be observed in the light of the nutritional status of its children. The growth and nutritional status of the children of various sections of Indian population have been assessed (Chatterjee and Mondal, 1991; Agarwal et al, 1992)^1,2, but the information about the traditional communities of Darjeeling hills in this regard is very limited. As of 2001 India census, Darjeeling has a population of 1609172. The total area of Darjeeling covers 3149.00 sq.k.m with the density of 511 per sq.k.m. Darjeeling Himalayan region, which is popularly known as the '.Queen of the Hills', is considered as the place of biological and cultural diversity. The region is the mosaic of diverse ethnic groups. While the dominant inhabitants are Nepalese and accounts for half the population, the other half is made up of Bhutias, Lepchas, Tibetans, Mechis, Rajbansis and a heterogeneous lot, such as Santhals, Chota-Nagpuris, Hindus, Mahomedans, Peshwaris, Afghans, Kashmiris, Jews, Chetties, etc., attracted to the district by its climate and trade, as well as by the high wages obtaining in the tea gardens, cinchona plantations and other industries. However, each community has its own dialect but due to historical and a socio-cultural reason, Nepali language has emerged as common lingua franca of all. Hinduism, Buddhism, Christianity and to some extent Islam, remain the predominant religion. The present study has been undertaken to evaluate the physical growth pattern and nutritional status among 6 -10 years old Nepali speaking children from Jaldhaka -Darjeeling foot hill regions in West Bengal. One hundred children of 6-10 years of age were selected from the rural areas of Darjeeling district. They were assessed for nutritional health status by applying Body Mass Index study; 24-hr recall method and Food Frequency Questionnaire. The signs and symptoms of nutritional security were observed among the children in rural hill community more prominently as compared to National and provincial reality.

2 tables, 10 ref

015777   Darsan S P;Reshma J K;Mathew A (Environmental Sciences Dep, All Saints College, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) : Estimation of lycopene content in different tomato varieties and its commercial products. Asian J envir Sci 2013, 8(2), 122-4.

Lycopene, the predominant carotenoid in tomatoes, exhibits the highest antioxidant activity and singlet oxygen quenching ability of all dietary carotenoids. The present study evaluated the lycopene content of fresh tomatoes, temperature treated and commercial products (sauce, ketchup and puree) procured from Thiruvananthapuram city, Kerala. The raw tomatoes showed the highest lycopene content (Bella rosa 10.44 mg/kg fresh wt) and commercial products showed least values (sauce 0.137 mg/kg fresh wt and ketchup 1.23 mg/kg fresh wt). This study recommends the usage of a tomato product daily to reduce the rate of chronic diseases.

1 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

014722   Sudha Rani K;Srivastava S (Human Science Dep, Anna Adarsh College for Women, Chennai-600 040) : Time management skills of married working women in planning, controlling and evaluating their time. Res Highlight 2013, 23(1), 22-30.

6 tables, 10 ref

014721   Ghosh R;Xalxo R;Gope M C;Mishra S;Kumari B; Ghosh M (Home Science Dep, Ranchi Univ, Ranchi) : Estimation of heavy metals in locally available vegetables collected from road side market sites (1-4) of different areas of Ranchi city. Pharmbit 2011, 23-24(1-2), 68-73.

Heavy metals are among the major contaminants of food supply and may considered the most important problem to environment. The hypothesis behind the present study is that the irrigation with waste water, transportation and marketing site of vegetables in contaminated environment may elevate the levels of heavy metals in vegetables through surface deposition. Eight Road side Markets and two organised Markets were demarcated for vegetable purchasing. The present study was focused on Site-1 to Site-4 only. Six vegetables out of thirteen showed higher Metal Pollution Index in Site-3 and Site-4. All sites showed several fold higher concentrations of Lead (Pb), than the permissible PFA limit. Site-4 contains significantly higher concentration of Pb (P<60>0.001) than all other sites. The present study has generated data on heavy metal pollution in and around Ranchi City, Capital of Jharkhand and associated risk assessment for consumer's exposure to the heavy metals.

6 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

013687   Thapliyal P;Sehgal S;Kawatra A (NO, IC College of Home Science, CCS Haryana Agricultural Univ, Hisar, Haryana-125 004) : Effect of processing on carbohydrate content of chickpea varieties. Indian J Nutr Diet 2012, 49(9), 382-9.

Total soluble sugars, reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch were in the range of 4.85 to 8.94, 0.63 to 1.26, 3.73 to 7.09 and 38.70 to 48.37 per cent, respectively. While studying the effect of soaking reduction in total soluble sugars was observed. Significantly (P<60>0.05) higher reduction in total soluble sugars was observed in HC-1 and non-significant differences were found in H-208 and C-235. Reducing sugars, non-reducing sugars and starch content were observed to reduce significantly (P<60>0.05) after soaking. Total soluble sugars, reducing sugars and non-reducing sugars content inereased significantly (P<60>0.05) whereas reduction in starch (22.18 to 28.97%) was observed in germinated chickpea varieties. While studying the effect of pressure cooking, it was observed that total soluble sugars and non-reducing sugars content increased significantly whereas reducing sugars and starch content decreased significantly (P<60>0.05). The study led to the conclusion that of all the three processing techniques germination was the best method as it increased the carbohydrate content except starch which decreased, followed by pressure cooking and soaking.

5 tables, 28 ref

013686   Pugazhenthi T R;Jothylingam S (Dairy Science Dep, Madras Veterinary College, Chennai-600 007, Email: drtrptry@gmail.com) : Analysis of physico chemical properties of low calorie herbal flavoured milk. Tamilnadu J vet Anim Sci 2013, 9(5), 372-7.

Herbal flavoured milk was prepared by incorporating Aloe vera pulp extract at different concentrations viz. 3, 5 and 7per cent. Based on the sensory evaluation, herbal flavoured milk with 5 per cent Aloe vera pulp extract was found to be the best. Different low calorie herbal flavoured milk were prepared using artificial sweeteners like aspartame and sucralose at different levels of sugar replacement and stored at 5° C up to 5 days for further analysis. Based on the sensory evaluation, dietetic herbal flavoured milk up to 75 per cent replacement of sugar with aspartame and 100 per cent replacement of sugar with sucralose were found to be ideal. Among the various physico chemical properties analysed in dietetic herbal flavoured milk, the mean pH and titratable acidity were within the normal range. When the level of artificial sweeteners was increased to replace the sugar, the specific gravity, viscosity, SNF and total solids content decreased. There was no significant difference (P <62> 0.05) between the control and-various treatments with regard to fat, lactose, total ash, minerals like calcium, phosphorus, sodium, potassium and iron contents. On the contrary, there was a highly significant (P <60> 0.01) difference in SNF and total solids content.

^ssc2 tables, 13 ref

013685   Many J N;Radhika B;Ganesan T (Home Science Dep, Bharathidasan Govt. College for Women, Puducherry) : Red yeast rice: a natural food colourant- an analysis. Indian J Nutr Diet 2012, 49(9), 395-400.

The application of natural pigment promotes consumer health protection by preventing; carcinogenic and tetragenic effects of some synthetic colourants like nitrosamines formed from nitrites and nitrates. Food products treated with Red Yeast Rice extract are thought to have nutritional and pharmacological benefits. Besides a food colourant, Red Yeast Rice contains naturally produced Monacolins which has the ability to reduce LDL cholesterol and increase HDL cholesterol thus improving heart health. Red Yeast Rice helps to ensure the availability of flavourful,: nutritious, colourful, and safe colours that might meet consumer expectations. Hence Red Yeast Rice is a healthier alternative to artificial food colouring.

2 illus, 4 tables, 14 ref

013684   Janci Rani P R;Sarojini K S (Sudents Welfare Dep, Amrita Vishwa Vidyapeetham, Coimbatore-641 112) : Nutrient content and total antioxidant activity in brahmi, moringa, amla, dries powders and formulation of value added recipes. Indian J Nutr Diet 2012, 49(7), 272-82.

This study highlighted the fact that total antioxidant activity was high in Amla and Moriga followed by Brahrni dried powder. Among the recipes formulated the total Antioxidant activity was higher in most of the BMA powder incorporated recipes. Nutrient component was most favorable in the judicious combination of BMA powder addition followed by Moringa powder addition. Formulation was very much acceptable with Moringa powder addition upto 15 per cent and Brahmi and BMA powder addition upto 10 per cent. Any further increase in the proportion of dried powder decreased the scores of the recipes. "T" Values for the total mean scores were calculated for the standard and formulated recipes and was found to be satisfactory. The most accepted recipe scores were on par with the standard recipes and no significant difference was noticed between them. It can be concluded that BMA added recipes would be more beneficial in the nutrient and antioxidant point of view followed by Moringa addition. It points to the fact that while planning a diet, variety and combination of food groups which is even locally available is preferable due to a variety of reasons.

1 illus, 8 tables, 18 ref

013683   Chauhan K;Mehta P;Dhapola P;Agarwal A (Foods and Nutrition Dep, The M.S. Baroda Univ, Vadodara) : Impact evaluation of "quick cooking food mix" on nutritional status of institutionalized elderly. Indian J Nutr Diet 2012, 49(7), 290-7.

The pre and post intervention data on elderly subjects clearly showed positive impact on some health parameters and no adverse effect on any aspect of physical as well as mental health. The study has resulted into successful development of the "Quick Cooking Food Mix as a Base for geriatric feeding" which was highly acceptable, easy to cook and digest, cost effective, convenient, and excellent medium for introducing nutrient rich foods. These results have therefore further strengthened and supported the idea of introducing Quick Cooking Base Mix not only for normal elderly but also for geriatric population with deficiencies, who can benefit by the addition of nutrient rich ingredients with dehydrated or precooked vegetables, fruits and nuts powder. Introduction of such foods can prove to be a boon for geriatrics living alone or in the institution for combating malnutrition in elderly.

3 illus, 3 tables, 12 ref