013005   Abdussamad E M (NO, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute, Kochi-682 018, Email: emasamad2@yahoo.com) : Indian tuna fishery - production trend during yesteryears and scope for the future. Indian J Fish 2012, 59(3), 1-13.

Fishery for tuna and tuna like fishes in the country have been in vogue from time immemorial and presently involve fishery by coastal based fleets of varying specifications with different craft-gear combinations and longline fishery by large oceanic fishing vessels. The former undertake short duration fishing trips and exploit mainly surface tunas in the outer shelf and adjacent oceanic waters. The tuna landings though nominal during 1950-2005, registered a continuous increase over the years from a minimum of 848 t (1951) to 46,334 t (2000). With the introduction of targeted fishing for oceanic tunas during 2005-`06, the landings improved and reached the maximum of 129,801 t in 2008. The fishery was supported by nine species, five coastal/neritic species and four oceanic species. Coastal tunas formed 57% of the tuna catch during 2006-'10 and was represented by the little tuna (Euthynnus affinis), frigate tuna (Auxis thazard), bullet tuna (Auxis rochei), longtail tuna (Thunnus tonggol) and bonito (Sarda orientalis). The oceanic species, which formed 43% of tuna catch, were yellowfin tuna (Thunnus albacares), skipjack tuna (Katsuwonus pelamis), dogtooth tuna (Gymnosarda unicolor) and bigeye tuna (Thunnus obesus). Information collected from different sources suggested that longliners operating in Indian EEZ and adjacent international waters caught around 87,000 t of tune annually during 2006-'10. Catch was supported by three species dominated by yellowfin tuna and small proportion of big-eye and dogtooth tuna. Since, fishery by coastal based units restricted to small areas and share of the catch by long liners from EEZ are not clearly known, systematic assessment of tuna stock in Indian EEZ is very difficult. However, the evaluation of the fishery scenario indicated only limited scope for improving tuna production from certain areas of coastal waters; whereas enormous scope remain for increasing tuna production from the oceanic waters of EEZ. However, since tunas being straddling resources shared by several nations, exploitation at one area will influence the fishery in other areas.

15 illus, 17 tables, 39 ref

013004   Abdul A K;et al. (NO, Mandapam Regional Centre of Central Marine Fisheries Research Institut, Mandapam-623 520, Email: drggopakumar@gmail.com) : Larviculture and seed production of the silver pompano, Trachinotus blochii (lacepede, 1801) for the first time in India. Indian J Fish 2012, 59(3), 83-7.

Larviculture and seed production protocols for the silver pompano Trachinotus blochii, which is one of the promising finfishspecies for brackishwater and marine aquaculture was developed based on six trials for the first time in India. The newlyhatched larvae were stocked at a density of 20 larvae l^-1 in 2 t FRP tanks with 1.5 t of seawater. Green water technique wasemployed during larviculture upto the weaning period. Enriched S-type rotifers were fed at a density of 10^-12 nos. ml^-1 until3 day post hatch (dph) and the enriched L-type rotifers were given at a density of 6-8 nos. ml^-1 from 7 dph and thereafter withenriched Artemia at a density of 3-5 nos. ml^-1. Weaning started from 15 dph and by 20-25 dph metamorphosis was completed. The survival on completion of metamorphosis ranged from 10-15% and the specific growth rate in terms of length (mm) was8% per day. The larval morphology and growth pattern are also described.

2 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

013003   Abas A N;Iraj P;Hassan G;Iraj S H (Student of Anatomical Sciences Dep, Faculty of Specialized Veterinary Sciences, Science & Research Branch,, Tehran, Iran) : Morphology of large intestine in ostrich chickens. Ann Biol Res 2013, 4(2), 297-301.

Ostrich belongs to ratites bird flock. In spite of most morphological similarities of this bird to other birds, there are some differences between them. Large intestine of brids consists of a pair of cecum and a straight short intestine called rectum. In many bird flock, cecums in the form of two right and left closed- base tubes originate from junction of rectum and jejunum. Shape and size of large intestines are very variables. For this study, 36 ostrich chicks from east Africa breed (Struthio camelus, massaicus naumann) were selected randomly in 6 groups, each group having 6 chicks (three male and three female) by different ages. Colon and cecums were observed carefully in terms of colour, size, and proximity, and they were measured three times by digital calipers. Cervix width of cecum was more than width of ileum and colon origin. Inner duct of two right and left cecums with a common pore were opening into colon from back side. About 24-32 annular lines were apparent on external surface of both right and left cecums. Diameter of these rings was shorter than cecum diameter at the same point and it caused both cecum to have saccular state. Plica circulares were located on the internal surface of lumen of both cecums. The number of these plica was equal to the number of annular lines of cecum external surface. There were concave annular lines on external surface of chicks' colon. These appeared from the beginning of colon and extended to middle part of it. Shorter diameter of these rings compared with normal diameter of colon had caused initial and middle parts of colon to be observed as saccular state on the outside. Plica circulares were observed on the internal surface of lumen. These plica circulares were located inside just opposite to external rings of colon. Their number was equal to external rings. In the nearest species such as Rea, secum is relatively long and plica circulares have less compared with ostrich. Secums of Amo and casovari have been developed slightly and they are passive and have saccular structures on external surfaces. In kiwi brid, cecum is large and wide. Saccularation of cecum of this bird is less than ostrich, and cecums with two lateral pores open into colon. Trugopan satyra is they only bird of fowl which has apparently saccular cecum. Depending on diet and colon size, cecum varies in birds. In casovari, condsidering relative size of body, they length of colon is shorter than that of ostrich, but Rea bird has a long colon. Screamer has a large and twisty colon. Ostrich which is a bird with high-fibre diet, has a very large colon and cecum, plica circulares inside their lumen causes facies contactus to increase by fibrous foods.

29 ref

011881   Yadav B S;Patil K T (Zoology Dep, M S G College, Malegaon Camp-423 105, Dist-Nashik, Maharashtra, Email: kabilpatil@yahoo.com) : Impact of folicure pesticide on the ovary of fresh water crab Barytelphusa cunicularis. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(5-6), 515-9.

This investigation reports the impact of folicure pesticide on the ovary of crab Barytelpusa cunicularis. They were exposed to 2.36, 2.18. 1.90 and 1.74 ppm of folicure pesticide (LC₅₀₅₀ value of 48 h.) of folicure pesticide, vacoulisation of oocytes and necrosis of nuclei was observed after 10.20 and 30 days of exposure.

8 illus, 6 ref

011880   Vijaya P (Zoology Dep, M S Univ, Tirunelveli, Tamil Nadu, Email: pvijaya7374@yahoo.in) : Impact of seasonal variations on abundance of spiders at Alagar hills, Madurai, Tamil Nadu. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(5-6), 463-8.

Study was conducted to analyze the effect of seasonal variations on diversity of spiders at Alagar Hill's. Madurai District, Tamil Nadu. A total of 26 species and 25 genera of spiders belonging to 13 families were collected from the study area. Climatic conditions have been attributed as the most significant parameter in determining the diversity and species richness on a regional scale. Parameters such as humidity and temperature were recorded and correlated to the diversity of spiders. Data indicate that the intricate relationship among the selected environmenial conditions make ihis forest an epicentre of spider diversity.

4 tables, 14 ref

011879   Tribhuwan A P;Bhagwan H K (Zoology Dep, Swami Muktanand College of Science, Yeolam, Nasik, Maharashtra, Email: ajaytribhuwan@rediffmail.com) : Effect of inhaled moquito coil smoke on blood of black rat (Rattus rattus). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 303-5.

The effects of inhaling mosquito coil smoke on the haematology of the rats lung was studied, A total of 30 black rats (Rattus rattus) were used in this study. They were divided into six groups of five rats each. Rats in Group I served as control (no exposure to mosquito coil smoke) while Groups II-VI were exposed to mosquito coil smoke for 12h and for 7,14,21 and 28 days respectively. At the end of each experimental period, blood was collected from each rat for the analysis of Red blood cells (RBC), White blood cells (WBC) count, Haemoglobin (HB) concentration and percentage of Neutrophils, Monocytes, Eosinophils, Basophils and Lymphocytes. Haematological analysis obtained, reveled a significant (p <60> 0.01,0.05) increase in WBC count in all exposure periods, while analysis of differential leucocytes count revealed a significant (p<60>0.05) increase in basophil and lymphocyte percentages. Results from this study demonstrated that mosquito coil smoke inhalation challenges the immune system in experimental rats.

1 table, 8 ref

011878   Suryawanshi G D;Shaikh A M;Mane U H (Zoology Dep, Yogeshwari Mahavidyalaya, Ambajogai-431 517, Email: gdsyma@yahoo.com ) : Impact of zinc on protein content of oyster Crassostrea cattuckensis from Ratnagiri coast. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 323-8.

Crassostrea catluckensis (oysters) were exposed to sub lethal levels of znc for 15 and 30 days for metal accumulation and 15 days of metal depuration. The protein content (mg/100 mg) in control group after 15 days showed more in adductor muscle (32.6) followed by siphon (31.5), mantle (29.2), gill (28.1), gonad (27.0) and hepatopancreas (25.9). During 15 days metal exposed oysters to low and high concentrations the increased protein in body parts when compared to control except mantle (27.5) in high concentration. The rate upon 15 days in low concentration was from siphon (41.6), followed by adductor muscle (40.4), mantle (35.0), gills (33.7), gonad (31.6) and hepatopancreas (29.0). While in high concentration it increased in gills (47.1), compared to adductor muscle (35.9), siphon (33.0), gonad (27.6). mantle (27.5) and hepatopancreas (27.3) when compared to control. During 30 days the content decreased in low concentration from gill (28.36) followed by hepatopancreas (26.2), gonad (24.7). siphon (23.3), adductor muscle (23.3) and mantle (23.0). While in high concentration it was more in gonad (35.2) than adductor muscle (25.2), siphon (22.6), hepalopancreas (19.9) and mantle (18.0). During depuration the content was depurated from adductor muscle (19.0) followed by mantle (18.1). siphon (17.8). gonad (12.3). hepatopancreas (10.9), and gill (8.8) in low concentration. Whereas in high concentration the protein was from gonad (15.4) than mantle (14.9), adductor muscle (14.7), hepatopancreas (14.5), siphon (14.4) and gill (10.0) when compared with 15 days control as well as 30 days control oysters.

1 table, 15 ref

011877   Sinha P;Gupta R;Mandloi A K;Dube K K (Zoology Dep, Government Model Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Email: priyanka.shri84@yahoo.in) : Fish diversity of limestone mnes water bodies at Katni (Madhya Pradesh). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 355-6.

Rock-quarry lakes provide an unique environment. After mining there are many mines converted in to the natural ponds, in the present study fish diversity characteristics of the water of limestone mines pond in the Katni district of M.P., were determined during December,2008 to November,2010. The fish study deals with the variety and abundance of fresh water fishes in limestone mines ponds. The results of present investigation revealed the occurrence of 21 fish species.

1 table, 7 ref

011876   Shinde S;Nanware S S;Bhure D B (Zoology Dep, Mahatma Phule Jr. College, Ahmedpur Dist. Latur, Maharashtra, Email: drajbhure82@gmail.com) : Morphological study of a new species of the genus Moniezia Blanchard, 1891 (Cestoda: Anoplocephalidae) from Ovis bharal L.. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 254-8.

Deals with systematic observation of a new species of the genus Monieza i.e. Moniezia (B) interproglottina Sp.Nov were collected from Ovis bharal L. at Ausa Dist. Latur (M.S.). The present parasite comes closer to all known species of the genus Moniezial due to general topography of organ but differs due to scolex oval to rounded, simple with musculature, suckers are slightly overlapping to each other, neck long, mature proglottids are four times broader than long, testes small, oval rounded, 110-120 in numbers. The cirrus pouch is medium, oval, cylindrical, ovary bilobed, inverted 'U' shaped, vitelline gland is oval, compact and genital pore marginal, cylindrical, vas deferens is thin, curved tube.

2 illus, 19 ref

011875   Sherly Williams E;Razeena Karim L; Vijayalakshmi P V (Zoology Dep, Fatima Mata National College, Kollam-691 001, Email: sherlyrobin@rediffmail.com) : Hydrography and mangrove occurrence of selected sites in Ashtamudi lake, Kollam, Kerala. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(5-6), 455-62.

Water quality was analyzed at Ramsar site of Ashtamudi Lake. Kollam district. Kerala coast from June 2006 to May 2007. All the water quality parameters were estimated and reasonably high standards of BOD. alkalinity. Nitrate and phosphate were obtained. Comparatively low standards of DO at sites I and 4 indicated pollution. Recently various types of anthropogenic activities like pollution, encroachment and coconut husk retting are said to be threatening the very existence of Ashtamudi Lake and its mangrove vegetation. Sites 2 and 3 the heart of estuarine system, were found to be less polluted. About 23 species of mangrove plants and the associates were identified. Avicennia officinalis was found at all stations and Acanthus ilicifolicus was observed in all the three sites except site-4. the Kandachira. It is thus, evident that the second site is fully devoid of anthropogenic influx and pollution. Correlation of different water parameters shows that most of the water parameters were found to be significantly correlated to each other in all the four stations.

8 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

011874   Sharbidre A A;Patode P S (Zoology Dep, Pune Univ, Pune-411 007) : Behavioural changes and acetylcholinesterase activity in guppy fish (Poecilia reticulata) exposed to chlorpyrifos. Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2012, 11(3), 487-92.

Chlorpyrifos is a broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide and potential toxic pollutant in aquatic ecosystems. Guppies were exposed to one-seventh (0.025 ppm/L) and one-fourteenth (0.0125 ppm/L) of the 96 h LC₅₀ as sublethal concentrations for sub acute studies. The fish were exposed to both the sublethal concentrations for 96 h and allowed to recover in toxicant free medium for seven days only after sublethal exposure. Behavioural responses were studied in the experimental periods. Fish in toxic media exhibited irregular, erratic and darting swimming movements, hyper excitability, loss of equilibrium and sinking to the bottom. Fish were found under stress, but mortality was insignificant in both the sublethal concentrations. The behavioural changes may be due to the inhibition of acetylcholinesterase (AChE) activity. Inactivation of AChE activity results in excess accumulation of acetylcholine (ACh) in cholinergic synapses leading to hyper stimulation and cessation of neuronal transmission (paralysis). Impaired behavioural responses were observed even under recovery periods. This may be a consequence due to the inhibition of brain and muscular AChE activity by chlorpyrifos-oxon via biotransformation of bioaccumulated chlorpyrifos in the tissues.

4 illus, 22 ref

011873   Sahni K;Yadav R;Prabha C (Zoology Dep, Vedic Kanya P G Mahavidyalaya, Rajapark, Jaipur-302 004, Email: drksahni@yahoo.co.in) : Effects of rodenticide bromadiolone on haematological parameters of mice Mus musculus. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 329-33.

Laboratory study of bromadiolone on RBC, haemoglobin, haematocrit, MCV. MCH and MCHC values of control and treated mice (Mus musculus) of both the sexes were carried out. Results reveal that on 2nd, 4th and 6th day of autopsy in male a significant decrease in RBC count (5.5,4.9 & 4.2 x 10⁶mm³) haemoglobin content (8.9, 8.1& 7.8g%) and haematocrit (34.2,28.6 & 27.2%) occurred. In female also values were decreased as RBC (5.49,4.82 & 4.15 x 10⁶/mm³) haemoglobin content (8.6.8.1 & 7.6 g%) haematocrit (34.3,27.5 & 26.1%). The MCV and MCH values increased in male (48.9, 51.2, 53.9C & 16.2, 17.8, 18.8 pg) and in female (47.8,51.4, 52.8C & 16.2, 17.92. 18.74 pg) and there was fluctuation in the values of MCHC in male and female (31.9,31.78,31.9 & 32.2,32.1,32.5%), respectively on all autopsy days.

6 illus, 9 ref

011872   Sahay U;Srivastava H;Khalkho A P V (Zoology Dep, Ranchi Univ, Ranchi, Bihar, Email: iamat_here@yahoo.com) : On the validity of the genera Capingentoides Gupta (1961) 1 and Pseudocaryophyllaeus Gupta (1961). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 285-8.

Gupta (1961) established two genera viz., Pseudocaryophyllaeus and Capingentoides with type species P.indica (recovered from Clarias batrachus) and C.batrachii (recovered from C.batrachus) respectively. The two genera were held valid by Mackiewicz (1972) under the family Capingentidae Wardle & McLeod (1952) (Order : Caryophyllidea : Cestoda). Five Indian species are reported under the genus Pseudocaryophyllaeus (viz., P.indica Gupta (1961), P.mackiewiczi Gupta & Parmar (1984), P.clariae Dan and Sahay (2001), P.lucknowensis Gupta & Sinha (1984) and P.ritai Gupta and Singh (1984). Similarly seven Indian species are reported under the genus Capingentoides (viz., C.batrachii Gupta (1961), C.singhi Verma (1971), C.moghei Pandey (1973), C.heteropneusti Gupta and Sinha (1979), C.fotedari Gupta and Parmar (1985) and C.gorakhnathi Agarwal and Singh (1985), Unfortunately Hafeezullah (1993) considered Capingentoides conspecific with Pseudocaryoophyllaeus (vide page 36, Proc. Zool. Sur. India, occasional paper 157). Arbitrarily he considered Capingentoides batrachii Gupta (1961) a synonym of Pseudocaryophyllaeus indica Gupta (1961). But Capingentoides moghei Pandey (1973) and C.gorakhnathi Agarwal & Singh (1985) were synonimised with Lytocestus fossilis (original name Lucknowia fossilisi), Capingentoides singhi Verma (1971), C.heteropneustis Gupta & Sinha (1979), C.fotedari Gupta and Parmar (1985) were considered synonyms of Bovienia bilocula (original name Crecentovitus biloculus) Murhar (1963) under Lytocestidae Wardle & Macleod (1952) flouting his own comment Capingentoides is conspecific with Pseudocaryophyllaeus. The authors have gone into the details of literatures and observed some slides and are of the opinion that Pseudocaryophyllaeus and Capingentoides are independent genera and have reasons to consider all species reported under these two genera valid.

1 table, 21 ref

011871   Rengarajan R;Vachanth M C;Sridharan G (P.G. and Research Zoology Dep, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur-613 005, Email: rengarajan250276@gmail.com) : Water quality assessment of carp culture pond at Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 279-82.

Study was carried out to assess the water quality parameters of carp culture pond at Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu, from Nov.2010 to April 2011. The monthly variations showed minimum and maximum value of air temperature (26.5-32.5°C), water temperature (25-31.5°C), turbidity (20-65 cm), pH (7.3-8.2). dissolved oxygen (3.3-5.6 ml/1), salinity (0.044-0.064 ppt), carbon-di-oxide (0.0015-0.004 mg/l), calcium (12-30 mg/l), phosphate (0.12-0.24 mg/l), silicate (0.26-0.41 mg/l) and ammonia (0.02-0.07 mg/l) respectively. The minimum values were recorded in the month of November, but maximum values during April. The minimum and maximum level of dissolved oxygen were in the month of Feb. and Dec. But for, calcium, it was in the month of April and January. The minimum and maximum values of phosphate were in the month of November and January.

1 table, 11 ref

011870   Rengarajan R;Sridharan G (P.G. and Research Zoology Dep, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur-613 005, Email: rengarajan250276@gmail.com) : Isolation and identification of bacteria from affected fresh water carp Catla catla. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 291-4.

Affected fresh water carps were collected from the fish farm at Orathanadu, Tamil Nadu and bacterial species were isolated. Totally four different bacteria were isolated from the infected carp gill sample, namely species of Bacillus. Psendomonus, Micrococci and Fibrio. These bacterial strains were caused diseases in the carp culture environment.

1 illus, 9 ref

011869   Reddy A N;Basavaraju Y;Raghunath M R (NO, Fisheries Research and Information Centre, 10th Cross, Mayura Street, Papanna Lay Out, Hebbal Outer Ring Road, Bangalore-560 094, Email: ybraju55@gmail.com) : Use of henzocaine as an anaesthetic for freshwater carp Labeo fimbriatus. Indian vet J 2012, 89(11), 135-6.

Study was aimed to assess the efficacy of benzocaine as anaesthetic for Labeo fimbriatus, an economically important freshwater fish contributing substantially to inland capture fish production.

^ssc1 illus, 5 ref

011868   Rao N G;Neelima P;Cyril L;Arun Kumar;Rao J C S (Zoology and Aquaculture Dep, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Nagarjuna Nagar, Guntur-522 510, Email: neelima_chandini@yahoo.com) : Cypermethrin induced phosphatases activity in dfferent tissues of Cyprinus carpio. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 207-12.

Variations in the activities of acid and alkaline phosphatases were evaluated in different tissues of Cyprinus carpio under sub-lethal toxicity of synthetic pyrethriod, cypermethrin (25% EC). The activity of acid and alkaline phosphatases was found to decrease in liver intestine and kidney tissues irrespective of the sublethal concentrations of cypermethrin and exposure periods of 5, 10 and 15 days. This decrease was directly proportional to the concentrations of the pesticide and duration of the exposure period which is statistically significant (p ≤ 0.05). In the present study. maximum inhibition of AcP activity (29.9%) was observed in intestine, followed by kidney (27.3%) and liver (19.0%). AIP activity was more inhibited in kidney (25.14%). followed by liver (19.5%) and intestine (15.7%) at highest concentration of 20% 96 hLC50 and longest exposure period of 15 days.

1 table, 21 ref

011867   Peyami F Y (Zoology Dep, ICLES' M J College, Vashi, Navi Mumbai, Email: preetysinghleo@gmail.com) : Analysis of Kausa pond at Mumbra, Thane. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 11-15.

Kausa pond is perennial, situated in the heart of the town and receive huge quantity of water from hilly region and has rich fauna and flora. The physico-chemical features offresh water were analysed. The water is alkaline, calcium rich and with bicarbonate alkalinity.

1 table, 29 ref

011866   Patil S S;Nanaware S S (Zoology Dep, Krishna Mahavidyalaya Rethare (Bk.), Shivnagar, Tal. Karad, Dist. Satara, Maharashtra, Email: spsampatil1@gmail.com) : Avifaunal diversity and limnological study of Krishna river of Maharashtra, India. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 333-6.

Krishna river is originated from Mahabaleshwar, Sahayadri belt of Western Ghats. Geographically it lies in between N 17°10'33.9" latitude and E 74°15'12.7" longitude and elevation 585 m. On which built a number of small dams to form reservoirs and network of canals for irrigation to agriculture. This area receiving an annual rainfall of about 1400-1600 mm. So the river is surveyed to document avian diversity. Total 86 species of birds were recorded from the study site during year 2009 to 2010. Among these 20 birds were migratory and 66 were native birds and belonged to 18 orders and 42 families. The second part revealed limnological study of river conducted during the same year and assessed for various physico-chemical parameters like : temperature, transparency, pH, electrical conductivity, free CO₂, total alkalinity, total hardness, Ca- ion concentration, Mg- ion concentration, chlorides, dissolved O₃ and B.O.D. were analyzed and compared with WHO standards, exhibits considerable variations from month to month. Results revealed that total alkalinity, hardness, chlorides and dissolved O₂ were significantly showed differences. The rivers and canals are very important for conservation of bio-diversity especially for water birds. The preliminary survey of avifauna and limnological study will help in facilitate conservation strategy and management plan as these are the key components of ecosystem.

2 tables, 13 ref

011865   Patil D N;Pawar L B;Shewale S S (NO, S.G. Patil Arts, Comm. and Science College Sakri, Dist. Dhule, Maharashtra, Email: drlahupawar@rediffmail.com) : New species of the genus Tylocephalum Linton, 1890 (Cestoda: Lecanicephlidae) Braun, 1900; as Tylocephalum surti N. sp. from Trygon zugei at Surat (Gujarat). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 299-301.

Deals with new species of the genus Tylocephalum linton,1890. It differs from all the earlier reported species, in having the scolex divided in to anterior and posterior region. Anterior region is globular, posterior region is oval flattened. Four sucker arranged in two pairs in posterior region of scolex. Neck is long, mature segments longer than broad, testes 34-38 in number, cirrus pouch large, oval, placed in the middle of the segment. Cirrus is thin, coiled, ovary bilobed. Vagina is thin tube start from genital pore run posterior and open in to ootype. The uterus is long tube like in the middle of segment.

1 illus, 14 ref

011864   Pathak S;Goswami M M;Sarma N N (Zoology Dep, Bijni College, Chirang-781 390, Email: mrigen_goswami@rediffmail.com) : Ichthyofunal diversity and prospects of Ornamental fishes with their conservation status in Chirang district, Assam. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 1-10.

Chirang district (26°15'0"N-27°0'0"N and 90°30'0"E-90°45"0"E) is situated on the nother bank of river Brahmaputra along the foothill of Indo-Bhutan border at north-west Assam. The surverys had been carried out during 2009-2012. The main water bodies are river Manas, Aie, Champamoti, Deosri, Burisuta, Bordangi, Teklai, Langkhar, Amteka, Kuklung, Agrang, Dulani, Hakoa, Bhur and Nangalbhanga originating from the foothill of which are categorized as foothill-streams in adition to the fisheries of water pools and Kalpani wetland. The study reveals a total of 146 species with 80 genera under 11 orders and 27 families Out of these, 122 species belonging to 71 genera under 11 orders and 25 families have been considered as ornamental fishes. Of these, 96 species represented by 45 genera, 10 families under 5 orders are belonging to the hill stream dwellers. Out of these, 10.27% species are endangered (EN), 25.34% vulnerable (VU), 11.64% near threatened (NT), 28.08% least concern (LC), 1.36% data deficient (DD), 0.68% critically rare (CR) and 23.28% not evaluated (NE). The highest number of species (56) are represented by Cyprinidae family followed by Cobitidae (18), Sisoridae (17) and Bagridae (09). The survey record shows that altogether 10.95% are abundant (A), 22.60% are moderate (M), and 66.33% species are of rare (R) categories.

1 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

011863   Panwar V (Zoology Dep, Monad University, N.H-24, Delhi Hapur Road, Village Kastla-Kasmabad P.P. Pilkhuwa-245 101, Email: Vinaypanwar81@gmail.com) : toxicity of phenol derivatives, (Phenol, 2,4-Dinitrophenol and Penta chlorophenol) on enzymes of energy metabolism in tissues (Brain, Liver Kidney and Gills) of Channa punctatus (Bloch). Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 49-56.

In the present study, effects of phenol (P), 2,4-dinitrophenol (DNP) and pentachlorophenol (PCP) individually, and in three combinations viz. (PCP+DNP)/P (highly antagonistic), (DNP+P)/PCP (additive) and (P+DNP)/PCP (highly synergistic) at three sublethal levels (1/10^th, 1/15^th and 1/20^th of the 96 h LC₅₀) on the ativity of succinate (SDH), pyruvate (PDH) and lactate (LDH) dehydrogenase have been studied brain, liver, kidney and gills of a fresh water teleost, Channa Punctatus. Results indicated that activity of SDH and PDH was significantly (P<60>0.05; p<60>0.01; p<60>0.001) inibited, while activity of LDH was significantly stimulated in all the tisues at most concentrations after 15 and 30 days of exposure. Inhibition of the activity of SDH and PDH, and stimulation of the activity of LDH indicated involved of anaerobic metabolism in pollutant stress fishes.

3 tables, 17 ref

011862   Olaganathan R;Patterson J (NO, Suganthi Devadason Marine Research Institute, Tuticorin, Tamil Nadu, Email: davidnoel_22@yahoo.co.in) : Histological changes in the target organs of Channa punctatus after exposure to anthraquinone vat dyes. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(5-6), 443-9.

The study is an attempt on histopathology of gill, liver, kidney and intestine of Channel punctalus after exposure to sublethal concentrations of anthraquinone vat dyes viz., vat blue 4 and vat green 1. The dyes has been found to produce several damages in the vital organs of C. punctalus leading to various lesions like extensive lamellar hypertrophy with some proliferation at the base of secondary lamellae and hyperplasia of intercellular epithelial cells in the gills fat accumulation, hepatic necrosis, aggregation of polymorphonuclear leucocytes, hepatocellular degeneration and aggregation of hepatocytes in liver; while in kidney it caused hyperplastic of the haematopoietic tissue and the necrotic tubules were surrounded by interstitial haemorrhage. Moreover heavy odenia and sloughing of the epidermal cells and extensive haemorrhage of the intestine were also observed.

4 illus, 14 ref

011861   Nimbalkar R K;Deolalikar R V;Muley S P (Zoology Dep, Vinayakrao Patil Mahavidyalaya, Vaijapur, District Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Email: rknimbalkar@gmail.com) : New species of Lytocestus (Cohn, 1908) from Heteropneustes fossilis (Bloch) at Jaikwadi dam of Aurangabad district (Maharashtra). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 239-42.

Deals with the new species of Caryophyllidean tapeworm Lytocestus from fresh water fish Heteropneustes fossilis, A total of fifty three (53) samples of three fish species namely, Clarias batrachus (n = 18), Heteropneustes fossilis (n = 20) and Wallago attu (n = 15) were collected during July,2010 to June,2011, from the Jaikwadi dam of Aurangabad district. Different known and unknown species of tapeworms were collected from these fresh water cat fishes, especially these specimens are morphologically differ from the other known species of Caryophyllidean tapeworm in length, shape and size of reproductive organs.

1 illus, 27 ref

011860   Nikam S V;Kanse V S (Zoology Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Email: varsha.s.kanse@gmail.com) : Comparative study of seasonal incidence of chicken Coccidia in eight districts of Marathwada region (Maharashtra). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 339-41.

During the period of 4 months from March,2011 to June,2011; total 789 faecal samples were examined for coccidial infections, out of which 250 samples were positive the percentage of prevalence being 31.68. Comparative study of different districts showed minor differences in prevalence.

8 illus, 8 tables, 11 ref

011859   Nanware S S;Shinde S M;Bhure D B (Zoology Dep, Yeshwant Mahavidyalaya, Nanded, Maharashtra, Email: snanware@rediffmail.com) : Taxonomic observation of the genus Stilesia Railliet, 1893 from Ovis bharal with description of a new species. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 249-53.

Deals with new species of the genus Stilesia Railliet hi 1893 i.e. Stilesia paruterina Sp.Nov. collected from Ovis bharal at Renapur Dist. Latur (M.S.). The present form conies closer to all the known valid species of this genus in general topography of organs but differs due to some characters Le. scolex globular,, suckers four, large, muscular, arranged at two groups, neck long, mature proglottids 6-7 times broader than long, testes small, arranged in two groups,. 5 in each groups, genital pore sub-marginal, regularly alternate, vagina posterior to cirrus pouch, ovary compact, bean shaped and par uterine organ large.

2 illus, 30 ref

011858   Mudgai L K;Joshi P K;Sharma R (Zoology and Research Centre Dep, Mata Jija Bai Govt. Girls College, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, Email: rinku0312@rediffmail.com) : Therapeutic effects of Aloe vera in certain biochemical and enzymological parameters of Heteropneustes fossilis against Fenvalerate induced toxic effects. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 351-4.

Pesticides are the most important group of environmental pollutants since they are potent metabolic inhibitor. The present study aimed to evaluate the characterization of ethanolic extract of Aloe vera (Av) by infra red spectroscopy (IR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and to investigate its effects in the biochemistry of H.fossilis after giving sublethal doses of fenvalerate. In present study three sublethal doses of fenvalerate [0.25, 0.50 and 0.75 (ppm)] were given to test fish, H. fossilis for 15 days. After 15 days same fishes were given Av leaf extract (Av A) 250, (Av B) 500 and (Av C) 1000 (mg/kg of body wt.)] for 30 days to find its protection after intoxication of fenvalerate. Fenvalerate found harmful and Av was protective against doses of fenvalerate.

4 tables, 19 ref

011857   Makne H D;Pawar S B (Zoology Dep, B. Raghunath Arts, Commerce and Science College, Parbhani, Maharashtra, Email: hemamakne@rediffmail.com) : On Mogheia yamagutti sp. nov. (Eucestoda: Thysanosomidae) from Turdoides malcolmi. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 215-8.

Deals with the description of a new species of the genus, Mogheia as Mogheia yamagutti sp.nov. During an extensive survey of helminthes infecting Turdoides malcolomi an unusal occurrence of Mogheia yamagutti sp.nov. has been dealt in detail. On close morphological and anatomical observation it differs from all the known species of the genus in shape of scolex. shape and number of testes, shape of ovary, shape of vagina, shape of cirrus pouch and reported from host.

1 illus, 11 ref

011856   Maharasi S;Roopavathy J;Sridharan G (P.G. and Research Zoology Dep, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur-613 007, Email: www.maharasivelan@gmail.com) : Induced breeding of common carp by intramuscular injection of Siddha medicine-Kumari Legiyam. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 385-8.

Intramuscular injection of Siddha preparation (Kumarilegiyam) was studied on eggs and fertilization rate of common carp during May 2010 at Thanjavur. Common carps were spawned successfully at 0,7 ml kg^-1 following 0.5 ml kg^-1 injection. The number of eggs and fertilization rate of common carp on use legiyam and spawning occurred within 5 days after fertilization. The fertilization rates were higher than 60%. Actually fecundity of common carp ranged from 100000 to 200000 eggs per kg body weight. But 60,000 eggs are increased by induced breeding of kumari legiyam Siddha medicine which contained 0.83 alkaloids. This alkaloid may act like inducing agent.

1 table, 19 ref

011855   Kharoo V K (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, Email: kharoolg@gmail.com) : History and classification of the family eucotylidae Skrjabin, 1924 with description of Tanasia (T.) orientalis sp. nov. from crow pheasant. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 307-13.

Tanaisia (T.) orientalis a Monostomid parasite of the urinary tract of Centropus sinensis is described as a new species from Allahabad (U.P.), which is a new host record. Although the general morphology of the monostome collected by the author resemble Tanaisia (Tanaisia) fedtschenkoi (Skrjabin,1924); T(T.) elliptica (Nezlobinski,1926); T(T.) pelidnae (Cheatum,1938) and T(T.) inopina (Freitas,1951) Pinto et al, (2005) but there are marked variations in shape and position of testes and ovary, extent and distribution of vitellaria, size of ova and other anatomical features which have been commented upon wherever necessary. The new species differs from T.cameroni and T.pritchardae (Gupta and Saxena,1987) described from India, principally in shape of gonads, absence of ventral sucker, extent and distribution of vitelline follicles and size of ova. The history and classification of the family and genus has been thoroughly discussed. A table showing comparative dimensions recorded by different authors of certain closely resembling species along with the author's collection is given.

1 illus, 1 table, 21 ref

011854   Karthi N;Vachanth M C;Sridharan G (P.G. & Research Zoology Dep, Rajah Serfoji Government College, Thanjavur-613 005, Email: nkarthiphdzoology@gmail.com) : Fungal pathogens in tiger shrimp Penaeus monodon. J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(5-6), 469-72.

Affected shrimps Penaeus monodon were collected from shrimp culture pond at Kallimedu, Nagappattinam District, Tamil Madu, India. The fungal population of totally five different species were isolated from the front gut, mid gut and hind gut of infected P. monodon. The isolated fungi were confirmed as Aspergillus niger, A.nidulans, A.sulphureus, A. wertii and A. fumigatus Aspergillus niger and A. nidulans were observed from front gut and hind gut of P.mondon. A.sulphnreus was isolated from mid gut region. A.weriii was observed from the hind gut. A.fumigatus was isolated from front gut, mid gut and hind gut regions of infected shrimps. The predominant species of fungi isolated was A. fumigatus. The results concluded that the contaminated feeds and poor water quality were responsible to fungal diseases in P. monodon.

5 illus, 11 ref

011853   Hyalij M T (Zoology Dep, K.A.A.N.M. Sonawane Arts, Commerce and Sciences College, Satana Dist. Nashik, Maharashtra, Email: mthyalij@gmail.com) : New larval trematodes from Girana river Nashik district. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 337-8.

Nashik District has many freshwater streams, earthen dams and a few big rivers like Godavari, Darana, Girana and Mosum. Many species of gastropod molluscs are found to inhabit the freshwater of these dams and rivers. Among them many species of genus Melania, Lymnea and Vivaparous commonly occur, which shows infection of larval trematode parasites in their hepatopancreas and gonads. Very little information is available about larval trematode parasites found in this region. Hence, it was thought worthwhile to examine these species of snails for infection of trematode parasites. A new larval trematode, Cercaria equale species was reported during this study.

2 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

011852   Hyalij M T (Zoology Laboratory, K.A.A.N.M. Sonswane Arts, Commerce and Science College, Satana, Tal. Baglan, Dist. Nashik, Maharashtra, Email: mthyalij@gmail.com) : Larval trematodes of Nashik district. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 293-8.

Three species of larval trematode parasites, namely Cercaria apapilla n.sp., C.anteroatienuata and C.shirasmani n.sp. In freshwater snails of Nashik district are described here and diagnostic features compared with related species.

3 illus, 2 tables, 25 ref

011851   Hepsyba S G H;Jayanthi J;Ragunathan M G; Samuel S (Zoology Dep, Dr. Ambedkar Arts College, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, Email: gladishepsybal13@gmail.com) : Comparative study of sugar and glucose level in eye stalk less and HCG hormone injected field crab Oziotelphusa senex senex. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 219-21.

Neuropeptides is the X-organ-sinus gland (XO-SG) complex located in the eyes talk ganglia of crustaceans. The Hyperglycemic Hormone (cHH) is synthesized within the X-organ (XQ) and released from the sinus gland (SG) complex in the eyestalk, which controls hemolymph glucose concentration. Injection of human chorionic gonadotrophic caused a significant increase in the hemolymph glucose and total sugar level of intact crabs in a dose-dependent manner, apparently by triggering release of the hyperglycemic hormone, than eyestalk less crab.

2 illus, 1 table, 14 ref

011850   Gupte A;Shaikh N (Botany Dep, G M Momin Women's College, Bhiwandi-421 302 (MS)) : Seasonal variatios in Physico-chemical parameters and primary productivity of Shelar lake Bhiwandi, Thane, Maharashtra. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 41-7.

Shelar Lake is a fresh water body with its prime earlier use for drinking and irrigation. Now a day, this water body is undertaken for fish cultivation. Water quality plays an important role in productivity of lake. In present investigation, physical and chemical prameters of the water body such as temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, TDS, DO, BOD, COD, free CO₂, alkalinity, nitrates, nitrites, sulphate and phosphate along with primary productivity were analyzed seasonally. the productivity of the lake was found to be influenced by some of the physical and chemical parameters of the lake water.

11 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

011849   Gupta S S;Magdum S;Kharwar A S;Mallik S (Zoology Dep, H.P.T. Arts and R.Y.K. Science College, College Road, Nasik, Maharashtra, Email: adushere@gmail.com) : Evaluation of Tagetes erecta (marigold) induced changes in protein levels of gonads and fat bodies in Dysdercus cingulatus. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 315-8.

Effectiveness of Tagetes erecta (Marigold) as a biopesticide was assessed by analysing the Induced changes In protein level of gonads and fat body In Dysdercus cingulatus. The 1:1 dilution of standard solution (extract of one kg herb in one L double distilled water) was observed to cause 50% mortality in 96 hours. The insects were fed on cotton seeds soaked in 1:5 dilution of standard solution of Tagetes erecta extract. The insects were dissected after 24 hrs, 48 hrs and 72 hrs of the treatment. The protein content of ovary of control insects were 0.54, 0.56,0.59 mg/ml respectively and amount of protein content in treated insect were 0.51, 0.54, 0.56 mg/ml respectively. The protein content in testis of control insects were 0.24,0.29 and 0.33 rag/ml respectively and in treated insects were 0.23,0.25 and 0.30 mg/ml respectively. Similarly the protein content of fat body of control male insect were 0.28,0.30 and 0.35 mg/ml respectively and in treated male insects were 0.26,0.27 and 0.29 mg/ml respectively. The protein content in fat body of control female insect were 0.59,0.64,0.66 mg/ml respectively and in treated female insects were 0.57,0.59,0.62 mg/ml respectively. The treated insects showed significant decrease in the levels of protein in gonads and fat body when compared with controls.

4 illus, 26 ref

011848   Gohil B;Kundu R (Life Sciences Dep, Bhavnagar Univ, Bhavnagar-364 001, Email: bharatsinh.gohil@yahoo.com) : Ecological status of Cerethium caeruleum at Dwarka coast, Gujarat (India). Indian J Geomar Sci 2013, 42(4), 481-6.

The investigation was carried out to study the present ecological status of Cerethium caeruleum at Dwarka coast, Gujarat, India. C. caeruleum is a dominating mollusc species that are found mostly on the upper middle littoral zone as well as lower middle littoral zone of the intertidal substratum. As they are covered with a very hard and solid shell, fluctuation in physical condition hardly brings any change on their distribution. It was observed from the present investigation that the frequency values did not show any definite trend at the sites. It is evident that there is no significant difference of the population abundance existed between the sites as well as among the seasons.

1 illus, 2 tables, 14 ref

011847   Gohain A B;Goswami M M (Zoology Dep, Gauhati University, Guwahati-781 014, Email: arupgu@gmail.com) : Length-weight relationship and condition factor in different age group of Clarias magur (Hamilton, 1882) in Wetland-aqua habitat of Assam, India. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 65-70.

Specimens of different age groups namely fingerling, juveniles and adults of Clarias magur were collected from three wetland-aque habitats namely Kapla beel, Chilla beel and Salmara beel of Barpeta district of Assam. The Length-weight relationship (LWR) in three age groups namely fingerling, juveniles and adults were worked out independently. The body weight (BW) and total length (TL), in all categories ranged between 3.2 gm in fingerling and 190.07 gm in adult and 7.4 cm in fingerling and 31.05 cm in adult respectively. The exponent value `b' in fingerling, juveniles, male adults and female adults were estimated as 2.411, 3.635, 2.251 and 2.11 respectively. The value of Correlation coefficient `r' respectively in fingerling, juveniles, male adults and female adults were estimated as 0.879, 0.867, 0.922, and 0.846. The valu of relative condition factor (Kn) in ingerlings, juveniles, male adults, and female adults varies from 0.826-1.206, 0.855-1.446, 0.826-1.126 and 0.813-1.194 respectively.

2 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

011846   Gangale D;Singh S P (Zoology Dep, Govt. Autonomous P.G. College, Satna, Madhya Pradesh, Email: drshiveshsingh2004@yahoo.co.in) : Food plants of sambhar (Cervus unicolor) at Panna forest Panna (Madhya Pradesh). Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 357-8.

Sambhar (Cervus unicolor niger) is one of the largest native deer of the Indian subcontinent and of Southeast Asia. The paper presents the information of food plants of herbivorous deer Sambhar and their feeding ecology. During present investigation a total of 32 sambhar individuals were recorded in 4 groups, of these 27 were identified and assigned to their respective age and sex classes. Sambhar showed seasonal variation in its diet. They have been observed to feed on more than 139 species of plants. The food requirements of sambhar are less specialized than those of other deer.

12 ref

011845   Funde A B;Naik S D;Pawar A S;Hotekar S P (College of Fisheries, , Shirgaon, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra-415 629, Email: archana114@rediffmail.com) : Comparative efficiency of Mudcrab fishing methods in and around Ratnagiri, Maharashtra. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 26-34.

Mudcrab fishing is becoming a livelihood business of traditional small fishermen along the Ratnagiri coast of Maharashtra. The study has been carried out pertaining to fishermen who are involved in Mudcrab fishing, which is carried out along the ratnagiri coast by using the different methods like gillnetting, traps and handpicking. Among the Mudcrab species; Scylla serrata and Scylla tranquebarica were common crab species in the catches of the fishing methods The estimated average annual catch of mudcrab was 4428.75 kg in which 3758.33 Kg of S. serrata and 870.42 Kg of S. tranquebarica. Further, it reveals that the annual total catch of mudcrab in case of gillnetting was 1028.61 Kg (51.43 Kg/fisherman) while 3500.34 Kg (350Kg/fisherman)in traps and 99.8 Kg (12.35 Kg/fisherman) is handpicking. The annual income in Rupees ware calculated on the basis of market rate of S. serrata @ Rs. 100/Kg) and S. tranquebarica @ Rs.300/kg). From the present study, it reveals that the maximum annual income Rs.37,660/fisherman/year was possible from the trap operation and engagement for this operation is only 6 hrs while the minimum income Rs.2136/fisherman/year was observed in case of hand picking method. Thus, Trap method proved the better method for mudcrab fishing method in and around of Maharashtra in term of market value.

4 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

011844   Erande S L;Nanware S S (Zoology Dep, K.S.K.W. Arts Science and Commerce College CIDCO, Nashik, Maharashtra, Email: slerande@rediffmail.com) : Dimicron induced glycogen alteration in fresh water snail Viviparus bengalensis. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 347-9.

Pesticides have unique position among crop protecting chemicals. The Dimicron an organophosphate pesticide has ample application on account of its efficiency against a wide variety of insect pest. However on its entry into aquatic bodies through runoff water, possibilities of gross alterations in physico-chemical profile of water cannot be ruled out. Blind used of pesticide bound to affect the non target organism like Viviparus bengalensis. Toxicity of Dimicron affect on metabolic processes. In present study the toxic potential of Dimicron is assessed by acute static bioassay. The average LC₅₀ values were determined for 24 hrs, 48 hrs, 72 hrs and 96 hrs. After finding LC₅₀, snails treated with sub lethal concentration of Dimicron and glycogen was estimated in different organs. The decline in glycogen was found in foot, mantle, hepatopancreas and whole body tissues. The significant role of Dimicron in various organ of the experimental animal is discussed and the results are correlated with the findings of the earlier researchers.

1 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

011843   Dwivedi S;Singh P (Zoology Dep, Govt. College, Nagod Dist. Satna, Madhya Pradesh, Email: shikha_dwivedi@gmail.com) : Sex ratio analysis of fruit flies in Rewa division of Madhya Pradesh. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 345-6.

Rewa district is well known city of Madhya Pradesh. Mix climatic condition and topography made the district a natural habitat for presence of large number of fruit flies. Present paper deals with the sex ratio analysis of the fruit flies population in Rewa division. The proportion of the male and female flies in the population field was studied in field, as well as in laboratory. Out of the flies captured to know the seasonal abundance, 1508 flies were observed in the field with regard to sexes. For the laboratory experiment the sex ratio was determined from the number of flies emerging from the heaps of fruits which were kept for observing the time of emergence. The total number of flies observed for the sex proportion was 380 during the experiment.

1 table, 4 ref

011842   Dubey S;Dube K K;Shrivastava S (Zoology Dep, Govt Model Science College, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh, Email: sonadubey38@gmail.com) : Preliminary survey on the status of fishries in Narmada river at Jabalpur. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 243-4.

Narmada river is the largest west flowing river in India. It runs for about 112 km in Madhya Pradesh. It is also referred as the life line of Madhya Pardesh. River Narmada is the important source of livelihood for the large community of fisher folk inhabiting its bank. The present work is carried out by selecting five different stations of river Narmada and the diversity of fish fauna is seen in a study period of two years.

2 illus, 8 ref

011841   Donar A S;Reddy K R (Zoology Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad, Maharashtra, Email: ravibamu@yahoo.in) : Bio-diversity of fish fauna at Nipani reservoir from Belgaum district with respect to physico-chemical parameters. Life Sci Bull 2012, 9(2), 269-73.

Deals with the study of diversity and seasonal fluctuation in the population of fishes in relation to different physico-chemical parameters at Nipani reservoir from Belgaum district. The present investigation was carried out from February,2010 to January,2011. The species of the family Cyprinidae, Siluridae, Bagridae, Claridae, Notopteridae, Channidae and Mastacembelidae were reported from this reservoir. It was found that seasonal fluctuations in the physico-chemical parameters play a vital role in distribution of the fishes. The physico-chemical parameters of the reservoir were also analyzed and the results were interpreted with the fluctuations of the available fish fauna. The present work undertaken to enlighten the biodiversity of fishes and their importance at Nipani reservoir.

2 tables, 18 ref

011840   Devendran G;Balasubramanian U (P.G. and Research Zoology and Biotechnology Dep, A.V.V.M. Sri Pushpam College, Poondi-613 503, Email: devendran.ganesan@gmail.com) : Biochemical and haematological analysis of aflatoxin induced toxicity in albino rats (Rattus norvegicus). J Ecotoxic envir Monit 2012, 22(3-4), 309-16.

Present investigation was an attempt to evaluate the effect of aflatoxin induced toxicity on serum and blood of albino rat. Aflatoxin was obtained by growing Aspergillus flavus in PDA liquid medium. Aflatoxin were administered through intraperitoneal roule by different concentrations viz., 20, 40, 60, 80 and 100 ppm. After 8 days the animal was sacrified. The blood was collected for the analysis of SGOT, SGPT and alkaline phosphatase activities. The scrum protein, cholesterol, urea, uric acid, creatinine, bilirubin, albumin, globulin, glucose and some minerals were also analysed. The results revealed that dose dependent increased the level of uric acid, creatinine. SGOT, SGPT and ALP and decreased level in protein and glucose in serum parameters of rat. Hence they have shown that concurrent infection during aflatoxin exposure increases the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma.

4 tables, 24 ref

011839   Chidhambaram P;Athithan S;Saravanan R; Vasantharajan M (Fisheries Biotechnology Dep, Fisheries College and Research Institute, Thoothukudi-628 008, Email: prcphd73@gmail.com) : Haemotological studies on aquacultured shrimp species from Tamilnadu, India. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 57-64.

Study was undertaken with the prime objective of investigating the variations of Total Haemocyte Counts (THC) and Differential Counts (DC) in bothe apparently healthy and diseased Fenneropenaeus indicus and Penaeus monodon from farms along the Tamil Nadu coast. Three types of haemocytes such as Hyaline Cells, Small granulocytes and Large Granulocytes were observed. In Fenneropenaeus indicus and P. monodon, Small granulocytes, large granulocytes and Hyaline cells contibuted about 15%, 65% and 20% of Total Haemucyte Count respectively. In healthy F. indicus and P. monodon, the mean values of THC was recorded to the tune of 8251.56 ± 936.9 and 8147.75 ± 860.01 cells/mm³. Infected F. indicus and P. monodon, the mean values of THC was recorded to the tune of 2247 ± 426.41 and 2763 ± cells/mm³. THC of diseased shrimps were found to be lower than the apparently healthy shrim. DC studies, the mean of hyaline cells in disease affected F. indicus (7.00%) and in P.monodon (7.22%) in affected shrimp markedly increased to 18.75% and 18.89% than healthy shrimps. In F. indicus and P. monodon, the small granulocytes showed a decrease trend of 54.50% and 54.22% in affected shrimps when compared to the healthy shrimps (71.00% & 72.88%). Large granulocytes increased from 20.37% to 25.50% & 19.88% to 23.55% in normal and affected F. indicus & P. monodon.

2 illus, 3 tables, 30 ref

011838   Chen M H;Chen K S;Chen T C;Sun C L;Chen C Y (Oceanography Dep, National Sun Yat-sen Univ, 70 Lianhai Rd., Gushan, Kaohsiung 80424, Taiwan, Email: mhchen@mail.nsysu.edu.tw) : Notes on the reproductive biology of southern bluefin tuna Thunnus maccoyii in the southwestern Indian Ocean. Indian J Geomar Sci 2013, 42(4), 419-24.

Gonad samples of 47 bluefin tuna (SBT), Thunnus maccoyii, were collected on board two Taiwanese longline vessels by fisheries observers in areas A (36°-39°S, 30°-42°E) and B (30°-35°S, 67°-73°E) of the southwestern Indian Ocean, from November 12, 2007 to January 15, 2008 and from June 13, 2008 to September 2, 2008, respectively. Morphological and histological observations of the gonad samples were used to determine the sexual maturity of each fish specimen. Ten mature fish (7 females and 3 males) were found. One lean female (fork length = 175 cm; dressed weight = 74 kg), caught at 31°S and 70°E on September 2, 2008, was the only mature fish to possess spent bloodshot flaccid ovaries. It was found in area B which is at least 5,000 km away from the well known SBT spawning ground. The remaining nine mature fish constituted one quarter of the SBT caught in area A. They were non-spawning mature fish with the smallest fork length of 135 cm for the females and 130 cm for the males.

3 illus, 2 tables, 16 ref

011837   Bhatta B;Goswami M M (Zoology Dep, Dhemaji College, Dhemaji-787 057, Email: bonjeet@rediffmail.com) : Biometry and Habitat of Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn, 2000, a threatened snakehead species from Dhemaji District of Assam, India. Aquacult 2013, 14(1-2), 17-23.

Channa aurantimaculata Musikasinthorn, 2000 is an endemic Channid fish species to middle Brahmaputra River Basin of Assam, India. This golden cobra snakehead Channid is distinguish by its vivid black blotches on back and flanks; Dorsal fin rays 44'46, ventral fin rays 29'31 and pectoral fin rays 15. The specimens have been observed from three different swampy areas of Dhemaji District (25°75'0"N - 94°56'0"E) located on North Bank of the River Brahmaputra. The fishes mostly prefer burrowing type of habitat in the form of holes and tunnels with swamp vegetation. The need of conservation of this threatened Channid is the urgent matter for its declining the occurrence from the region.

2 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

010692   Yugandhar M;Sripathi B;Vijuyudu;Kumari K V; Rao M R (Zoology Dep, S.V. Univ, Tirupati-517 502) : Impact of alcohol on rat heart and endothelial cellular nitric oxide synthase activity in vitro and in vivo. Int J Pharmac biol Sci 2013, 7(3), 9-12.

Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the regulation of heart contractility, platelet aggregation in the cardio vascular system of mammals. Multiple authors reported alcohol as to interact with cardio vascular NO pathway parameters. The impact of 20% ethanol (w/v) at selected doses of 5gm/perkgover5 or 10 weeks in vivo and 100-1000 μ litre in vitro on the heart and endothelial (ET) cellular nitric oxide synthase (NOS) activity was reported. Alcohol at the employed doses in both in vitro and in vivo appeared to inhibit the rat heart and ET cellular 100000 x g soluble fractions NOS activity and this was reported as due to interaction of alcohol with rat heart and ET cellular based calcium/Calmodulin - dependent events on which NOS activity is known to be dependent.

2 tables, 20 ref

010691   Therisa K K;Desai P V (Zoology Dep, Goa Univ, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 206) : Metabolic responses in discrete, mice brain regions like CC, CG, H and CQ during PTZ induced epileptic seizures. Curr Neurobiol 2012, 3(1), 31-8.

Epilepsy, a neurological disorder with recurrent seizures, involves disruption of different metabolic enzymes and its related metabolites altering the normal processes of metabolism, either during the onset or post epilepsy in the brain. In the present work, it is convincingly, observed that the Mice brain regions such as Corpus callosum (CC), Cingulate gyrus (CG), Hippocampus (H) and Corpora quadrigemina (CQ) shows significant changes in the activities of metabolic enzymes such as AST, ALT, LDH; ATPases like Na⁺, K⁺-ATPase, Mg²⁺-ATPase, Ca²⁺-ATPase along with their metabolites such as Glucose, Pyruvate, Lactate and Glutamate, altering the metabolic integrity during Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) induced epileptic seizure. We report from the present work that, H and CG are affected completely during epileptic seizure as compared to its control but CC and CQ shows partly altered as far as metabolism in brain is concerned.

10 illus, 48 ref