005413   Singh D P;Saxena R S (NO, , Bharat Kuteer, Agra Road, Etah-207 001) : Residues of organochlorine insecticides with reference to Daraybganj lake of district - Etah (U.P.). Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 117.

Insecticides when present in water are taken up by planktons and through food chain accumulate in micro-organisms and other edible species, causing contamination leading to Pollution.

1 table, 2 ref

005412   Shinde A N;Mulye V B;Chogale N D;Bhatkar V R; Bondre R D;Mohite A S (NO, College of Fisheries, Shirgaon, Ratnagiri, Maharashtra-415 629, Email: anshinde7@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of different probiotics on growth of Macrobrachium rosenbergii (De-Man) post larvae. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 7-12.

Macrobrachium rosenbergii post larvae with an average length of 16.5 ± 0.4 mm and an average weight of 27.0 ± 1.16 mg were fed for 30 days with experimental diets viz A, B, C, D and E which incorporated five probiotics P-1, P-2, P-3, P-4 and P-5 respectively. Post-larvae were fed twice a day @ 10% of the body weight for 30 days. In treatment D wherein the probiotics P-3 was used the various growth parameters indicated best growth among all other treatments. Survival rate was same for treatment B, D and E while treatment C shows survival rate nearly same. Viability test were conducted for testing the viability of probiotics both as pure probiotics and incorporated in diets. Based on the statistical analysis probiotic P-3 was found better growth of M. rosenbergii post larvae.

6 tables, 17 ref

005411   Sharma U D;Khan M A;Lodhi H S;Tiwari K J; Shukla S (Prawn Research Centre, Zoology Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: sanjiveshukla@gmail.com) : Acute toxicity and behavioural anomalies in freshwater prawn, Macrobrachium dayanum (Crustacea-Decapoda) exposed to chromium. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 1-6.

Fresh water prawn, Macrobracbium dayanum were subjected to Static bioassay test to evaluate the LC₅₀ values of Potassium dichromate (K₂Cr₂O₇). The LC₅₀ values for 24, 48, 72 and 96h exposure were 2.74, 2.62, 2.58 and 2.49 mg/l respectively. The chief behavioural alterations observed after chromium exposure were hyperactivity, erratic swimming, rapid surfacing, aggressiveness, loss of balance and profused mucous secretion on gills, carapace and abdominal segments. Blackening of certain body parts like gills, carapace and abdominal appendages of 25% test animals was observed. Behavioural anomalies were found dose and duration dependent.

1 table, 30 ref

005410   Sen P;Tiwari K J;Shukla S;Shukla R;Sharma U D (P. G. Dep of Zoology, B S N V P G College, Lucknow-226 001) : Effect of cadmium on ventilation and oxygen consumption of fesh water prawn Macrobrachium dayanum (Crustacea-Decapoada). Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 95-100.

Fresh water prawn, Macrobrachium dayanum were subjected to acute concentration, 0.15 mg/l (96h LC₅₀) of cadmium chloride to evaluate its effects on scaphognathite oscillations and oxygen consumption rate. Scaphognathite oscillations were found first increased then decreased after 96h (nan control where as oxygen consumption showed continuous decreasing trend through out the experiment than control ones. Possible interaction of cadmium in relation to respiration of these economically important crustaceans has been discussed.

2 tables, 36 ref

005409   Sathe T V;Shinde K P;Jadhav B V (Zoology Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur, Maharashtra) : Mating behaviour in a damselfly Ischnura forcipata (morton). Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 77-9.

Ischnura forcipata (Morton) a damselfly (Odonata : Agrionidae), is an important biocontrol agent of several Lepidopteran pests and Jassids of rice in agroecosystem of Kolhapur, India. Ethology of a pest biocontrol agent has direct relation with population suppression of pest species and success of biocontrol programme. Therefore, mating behaviour in above species has been studied. The mating behaviour consists, a typical chain of events viz. territorial behaviour, courtship and recognition, grasping and clasping, tandem, intramale sperm translocation, copulation invitation, copulation, copulation-wheel position, tandem after copulation and separation. Details of mating behavioural chain have been discussed.

7 ref

005408   Rukhsana A;Chishti M Z;Rehana A;Bhat B A;A Firdousa (Post Graduate Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: rukhsan_sidiq@yahoo.co.in) : Infection dynamics of Diplozoon kashmirensis in Schizothorax spp in Dal lake Kashmir India. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 357-61.

Information on infection dynamics of Trematode parasite Diplozoon kashmirensis in Schizothorax spp. in Dal Lake. Forty nine specimens of Diplozoon kashmirensis were found infecting the gills of Schizothorax Spp. A total of 304 Schizothorax were examined for the Diplozoon kashmirensis from Dal lake, 27 were found to be infected (prevalence 8.88) with mean intensity of 1.81 and relative density of 0.161. This study demonstrated that Diplozoon kashmirensis follows its own seasonal trend showing infection on peak in the spring and summer months but no infection was found in the winter and Autumn months. Therefore it can be said that season plays an important role in the parasitic life cycle so. more ecological information on fish parasitology is needed in order to control parasites by manipulating environmental parameters to reduce parasitic infections within an ecosystem.

2 illus 2 table 16 ref

005407   Roy S (NO, , 604, Shri Ram Regency, 2, Burdman Compound, Circular Road, Ranchi-834 001) : Haematological studies on Malaria infected patients of Sadar block, Hazaribagh. Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 89-90.

Study highlights the ANAEMIA of MALARIA which is a very important cause of sickness in a cross section of population. Venous blood samples of positive malarial cases (23 cases of P.vivax and 5 cases of P. falciparum) were taken for study of Haemotological values. The values considered were Hb values, RBC count, packed cell volume, mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular haemoglobin and mean corpuscular haemoglobin concentration. Anaemia was a significant finding.

3 tables, 6 ref

005406   Rayaz K;Aeyaz S;Bhatia S;Afzal J (NO, Govt. Post Graduate College, Rajouri-185 212) : Aquatic ecosystem and fish potential of Bhaderwah valley (J&K). Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 55-62.

Water is the precious gift of nature to mankind. But expeditious rate of increasing anthropogenic activities has left an indelible mark of destruction of vital aquatic ecosystem throughout the world. The growing food demands have accelerated the pace of over grazing, forest cutting, agricultural development and usage of certain chemicals to has deteriorate (he natural aquatic ecosystem. Present communication is an attempt to assess the nature of aquatic ecosystem in Bhaderwah valley of Jammu and Kashmir. The study established the fact that overwhelming rate of destruction in water quality renders the region to host only 20 species of fishes accounting to the production of 890.19 quintals with the lending value of Rs. 35.60 lacs. Besides, increasing anthropogenic activities have becomes an important constraint in the development of fish resources in the area.

10 tables, 22 ref

005405   Pushpalatha S;Manickavasagam S (Parasitoid Taxonomy and Biocontrol Laboratory, Entomology Dep, Faculty, Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002, Email: entopuspha@rediffmail.com) : Collection of vital campopleginae townes (Ichneumonidae: Hymenoptera) groups by malaise traps from Kolli hills, India. Pl Archs 2008, 8(2), 825-8.

Campopleginae Townes (Hymenoptera : Ichneumonidae) genus trapped in the malaise traps were installed at the outlier of Eastern Ghats, the Kolli hills, Tamil Nadu, India and also studied based on the number of subfamilies caught in the sweep net. The traps were specifically designed to suit the purpose and were installed at 2 different locations in the high altitude forest regions of the Kolli hills and were shifted to another area every month. The parasitoids caught in the collection chamber were removed every fortnight for observing the insect complex. Observations and description of the campoplegine genus and a table on different ichneumonid sub families caught in the different erections have been accounted for in this paper.

6 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

005404   Pal B C;Das A K (Zoology Dep, North Bengal Univ, Darjeeling-734 430) : Nesting in night heron, Nycticorax nycticorax (Linnaeus) at Raiganj wildlife sanctuary, West Bengal, India. Envir Ecol 2008, 26(1), 91-9.

A total of 494 nests of night herons were studied during two consecutive breeding seasons i. e. June 2002 to January 2003 and June 2003 to January 2004 at the Raiganj Wildlife Sanctuary, Uttar Dinajpur, West Bengal. Various factors associated with nesting such as nest site selection, preference of tree species, nest height, distance between adjacent nests, nest size at different developmental stages, role of male and female partners in nest construction, repair and sanitation were analyzed.

2 illus, 3 tables, 37 ref

005403   Ojha P;Mandloi A K;Dube K K (Fishery Sc. Dep, College of Vety. Sc. and A.H., JNKVV, Jabalpur, Madhya Pradesh) : Relation of quality fish seed stocking and fish yield in Adhartal pond, Jabalpur (M.P.). Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 105-8.

Observation made on the basis of the fish production along with the size, stocking rate of (he fish seed stocked in Adhartal fresh water fish culture pond. However, the total fish yield from this pond is only 3130 kg in the yr. 2000-2001 with an average yield of 190 kg/ha/annum. After brought this ground under some management through line i.e. stocking of reservoir with good quality of advanced size fish seed and with that we produce a total 3725 kg/annum with an average yield of 225 kg/ha/annum in the yr. 2001-2002.

3 tables, 11 ref

005402   Natarajan E;Perumal P (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502, Email: menrajan@yahoo.co.in) : Partial purification and characterization of antimicrobial protein in the gills of the red banded grouper Epinephelus fasciatus, (Forsskal 1775). Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 337-42.

Identification and purification of a novel antimicrobial peptide/protein in the gills of the red banded grouper, Epinephelus fasciatus, a teleost fish, was investigated for the purpose of using compounds of the innate immu-nity for anti-infective agents in animals and human. The 50% of acetonitrile elutes(30 μg) caused an inhibition zone diameter of 0-16.4 mm depending on the salt concentration and the microbe tested. The Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrum of gill extract in 50 mM sodium phosphate buffer was alpha-helix and Beeta-turn with tyrosine as amino acid side chains. The antimicrobial activity of the protein was thermostable, remaining present even after incubation at 80°C for 10 min. It can be concluded that gill extract protein showed a strong antimicrobial activity in vitro against a broad spectrum of microorganisms without significant hemolytic activity.

2 illus, 15 ref

005401   Muthalagi S (Zoology Dep, Govindammal Aditanar College for Women, Tiruchendur-628 215) : Effect of different concentrations of sewage on the liver of the fish Catla catla. Envir Ecol 2008, 26(1), 110-13.

Histopathological study of liver of Catla catla exposed to different concentrations of sewage was studies. There is a positive relationship between the concentrations of sewage and cellular damage. The histopathological changes showed increasing tendency with the parallel increase in sewage concentration, hepatocellular degeneration, fatty vacuolation, disintegration of normal liver parenchyma and aggregation and disorganization of hepatic chords of the liver. The histopathological changes observed confirmed the impact of sewage on the liver of C. catla.

3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

005400   Mustafa Shah G;Jan U;Bhat B A (P G Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190 006, Email: bilalwildlife@yahoo.co.in) : Snow cover as the limiting factor affecting the feeding ecology and distribution of hungul deer, Cervus elaphus hanglu Wagner at Dachigam National Park Kashmir. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 299-304.

Feeding ecology and distribution of Hangul deer (Cervus elaphus hanglu) was studied by direct observations and analysis of the freshly collected pellet groups. Data was collected for winter months of 2005 and 2006 along eight transects in lower Dachigam. Browse constituted the majority of the diet whereas, herbs were less utilized. As the ground vegetation was mostly snow covered the deer distribution was limited to lower belts of the Park where browse was the dominant food source available.

1 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

005399   Mishra D D;Bansal A;Agarwal P C (Zoology Dep, D.S. Degree College, Aligarh-202 001) : Effect of sporozoan parasite, Myxobolus on the body weight of the fresh water fishes in Aligarh region, U.P.. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 49-54.

Effect of Myxobolus on the growth of infected fishes was studied. Loss of body weight of infected fishes is noticed. Observations indicate that increase weight loss in infected fishes is 3.63 gm in first year, 4.31 gm in second year, 4.66 gm in third year, 5.9 gm in fourth year and 8.0 gm in fifth year weight loss of infected fishes increase with the increase of age.

2 illus, 2 tables, 5 ref

005398   Laxma Reddy B;Benarjee G (Fisheries Research Lab, Zoology Dep, Kakatiya Univ, Warangal-506 009, Email: gbgss@yahoo.co.in) : Histochemical changes in the intestine of fresh water murrel, Channa striatus due to acanthocephalan, Pallisentis nagapurensis. Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 113-14.

The acanthocephalan parasite, Pallisentis nagapurensis is found infected to the fish Channa striatus. This parasite brought about histopathological and histochemical abnormalities in fish intestine. The histoarchitecture and histopathological changes observed in the host intestine include damage of villi, eruption of villi, inflammatory fibrosis associated with hyperplasia, metaplasia and necrosis of epithelial cells. In the infected fish the carbohydrates, glycogen, protein and lipid contents are increased significantly. Work deals with the histochemical alteration in the intestine of infected and uninfected fish.

1 table, 13 ref

005397   Kumari Swarnim (Zoology Dep, Ranchi Univ, Ranchi, Jharkhand) : Experimental studies on the population density of Drawida willsi (michaelsen) (oligochaeta : annelida) in controlled and malathion treated pot. Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 71-5.

An experimental study has been carried on Drawida willsi (Annelida) in controlled and malathion treated pot to assess the results whether they are significanct or not.

2 illus, 5 tables, 8 ref

005396   Kumar N;Verma G (Zoology Dep, R.B.S. College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) : Status of synthetic pesticides and plant extracts against Bihar hairy caterpillar (Spilosoma obliqua walker). Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 63-5.

Bioassay studies were carried out in the laboratory to determine the relative toxicity of chloropyriphos, endosulphan, acetone and alcoholic leaf extracts of Asgemone mexicana, Parthenium hysterophorus and Nicotiana plumbigenifolia against 3rd instar larva of Spilosoma obliqua. Based on the LC50 value of insectides and taking the acetone leaf extract of P hysterophorus as a unity, the relative toxicity of chloropyriphos, endosulphan, acetone and alcoholic leaf extract of N. plumbigenifolia, P. hysterophorus and A. mexicana was 3.14, 1.93, 1.02, 1.53,1.0, 0.79, 0.64 and 0.58 respectively. The synthetic pesticides chloropyriphos and endosulphan were found to be most toxic as compared to plant products. However, N. plumbigenifolia were the most toxic among all the 3 plants used for the successful control of S. obliqua.

1 table, 8 ref

005395   Krishna P V (Zoology and Aquaculture and Centre for Aquaculture Research and Educat, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Nagarjuna Nagar-522 510) : Food spectrum of spotted murrel Channa punctatus from repalle area Guntur district Andhra Pradesh. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 83-8.

Detailed study of the food spectrum and feeding habit of spotted murrel Channa punctatus (Koch) which inhabitats ponds, creeks, canals, tanks etc., in Repalle mandal in Guntur district, Andhra Pradesh revealed that these fish are predominantly omnivorous nature and the most abundant and important food fish. The spectrum of different food items in different water bodies depends on many environmental lactors and the selection mechanism of fish and the available food items in the environment The staple food for the juvenfles was insects and their Larvae, crustaceans and planktonic organism's and miscellaneous matter, and (hat of adults was fishes including their larvae followed by crustaceans and planktonic forms, miscellaneous matter and animal tissues. The average feeding intensity in both juveniles and adults was studied month wise and the relation between different stages of maturity particularly during spawning period and feeding intensity were also discussed.

2 illus, 20 ref

005394   Krishna P V (Zoology and Aquaculture and Centre for Aquaculture Research and Educat, Acharya Nagarjuna Univ, Nagarjuna Nagar-522 510) : Influence of eyestalk ablation on growth and moulting in fresh water prawn Macrobrachium rosenbergii. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 67-71.

Effect of unilateral eyestalk ablation on Macrobrachium rosenbergii juveniles and adults which were classified according to (heir size was investigated. Males and females prawns were separately tested for the effect of intact and eyestalk ablation and survival, growth and moult frequency in two groups of prawns. For the 1 group (bigger size) of males and females both ablated and intact prawns average size 18.4(g) ±2.15; 16.4(g) ± 1.3 and for the D group (smaller size) males and females of both ablated and intact prawns average size 4.35 (g) ± 0.65; 4.6(g) ± 0.75 were selected for the experiment Ablation bad a highly significant effect on growth of female and male of smaller size group, manifested in both increase in size increment per moult and shortening of the moult interval. The survival rate was better in smaller size group and respond quickly for the eyestalk abaltion.

2 illus, 18 ref

005393   Jan U;Mustafa Shah G;Ahanger F A;Bhat B A; Wani J A (P.G. Dep of Zoology, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190 006) : Breeding biology of mallard (Anas platyrhynchos Linn.) at Hokersar wetland, Kashmir-part I. courtship, pair formation, mating and territoriality. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 207-9.

Breeding biology of mallard was studied at Hokersar wetland, Kashmir during 2004-2005. Fieldwork started in January 2004. Discusses the observations made on courtship, pair formation, mating and territoriality

8 ref

005392   Jalaj R K;Verma L P (R. A., Krishi Vigyan Kendra, Rajendra Agricultural Univ, Pusa, Samastipur-848 125) : Temporal variations in water quality of traditional bheries of West Bengal. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 89-93.

Result of studies made on the temporal variation in some of the physico-chemical properties of improved traditional brackish water bheris during October 2004 to May 2005. The studies revealed that the bheries are good profitable brackish water aquaculture resources and fluctuations are in the suitable range of culturing the fresh and brackish water fish species. The period between final harvesting and initial stocking is used for the drying, ploughing and timing of pond besides the repairing of embankment which helps in maintaining the optimum carrying capacity of bheries year after year.

6 illus, 4 ref

005391   Jaiswal K;Goel R;Kumar R (NO, Baba Saheb Bhimrao Ambedkar Univ, Vidya Vihar, Raebareli Road, Lucknow, Uttar Pradesh) : Studies on cocoon shapes in most popular mulberry silkworm race of Uttaranchal in different seasons. Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 93-6.

Data from an experiment involving most popular mulberry silkworm race of Uttaranchal have been analysed to know the cocoon shape variability in three different treatments (One treatment of control at Lucknow, other of field conditions at Lucknow and third of field conditions at Gonda) across different seasons of Uttar Pradesh viz. monsoon, autumn and spring seasons. Study showed that in second treatment i.e. field conditions at Lucknow more uniformity in cocoon" shape has been obtained for all seasons compared to other treatments except spring season. Therefore, if proper rearing packages are followed, silkworm rearing can prove to be a boon for the farmers of Uttar Pradesh.

1 table, 23 ref

005390   Jadhav U A (Life Science Dep, Mumbai Univ, Kalina, Mumbai-400 098) : Observations on the length - weight relationship of Tilapia mossambica (Oreochromis mossambica) from Nath Sagar dam, Paithan. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 23-7.

Length-weight relationship of the freshwater fish of Nath sagar dam Paithan, Aurangabad Tilapia mossambica (Oreochromis mossambica) has been worked out The relationship between length and weight was found to be curvilinear. Differences between the regression coefficients of two sexes were significant. Thus a general length -weight relationship not applicable to both sexes has been calculated. Cube law has been found to be not applicable in case of this species as the 'b' value of length and weight relationship is significant.

2 tables, 11 ref

005389   Jadhav U (Life Sciences Dep, Mumbai Univ, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400 098) : Correlative changes in the pituitary gland and gonads of Tilapia mossambica (oreochromis mossambica) from koti tirth tank, Kolhapur, district, Maharashtra. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 45-8.

Study was undertaken with a view to investigate the correlation between the pituitary gland and gonadal activities in freshwater fish Tilapia mossambica (Oreochromis mossambica) collected from Koti Tirth Tank, Kolhapur District, Maharashtra. Histological observations revealed that the reproduction behaviour of the fish is under the control of pituitary.

8 ref

005388   Guru Prasad B R;Hegde S N;Krishna M S (Studies in Zoology Dep, Mysore Univ, Manasagangotri, Mysore, Karnatka) : Relationship between body size and remating activity in male Drosophila bipectinata. Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 21-8.

Apparent association between male size and male mating components with first and second females were studied in four different geographical populations of Drosophila bipectinata using no-choice method. Male size and male mating components such as mating latency, copulation duration with first and second female and male mating ability (number of females inseminated by single male) varied significantly among different geographical populations. There was a positive correlation between male size and male mating components. Male size and its mating components were significantly correlated within the populations also suggesting that large males copulated for longer duration, mated with second female more frequently and inseminated more females while small males copulated shorter and remated less frequently. Also noticed that duration of copulation was shorter in the male's mating with second female than in first mating. Inter populational variation in male size and male mating components was also noticed.

1 illus, 3 tables, 36 ref

005387   Gupta K;Singh K P (Zoology Dep, Allahabad Univ, Allahabad-211 002, Email: kps29@rediffmail.com) : Developmental toxicity of VPA in the rat : effect on embryo-fetal development. Natn Acad Sci Lett 2007, 30(1-2), 49-54.

Women with epilepsy have a higher risk of congenital malformations than that of general population and these risk factors increase approximately twice when treated with classical AEDs than non-treated epileptic women. Among classical AEDs Valproic acid (VPA) is used very commonly by physicians to treat the epilepsy even during pregnancy. In the study nulliparous pregnant Charles-Foster rats (165-175 g) were exposed with a dose of 200 mg/kg body weight of VPA from gestational day 0-20 (GD0-20). Simultaneously, corresponding control rats were treated with vehicle of the drug. Pelleted food and water was provided ad libitum. Standard laboratory conditions were maintained throughout the experiment. On GD 21. dams of both groups were sacrificed and their fetuses were collected and weighted individually. On gross examination, cataract eyes and significant reduced body weight and size were found in VPA treated rat fetuses. Sporadic incidences of hemorrhages on body and brain were also recorded in VPA exposed fetuses. These results suggest that administration of VPA during critical period of development may cause somatic and neural alterations in the developing fetuses. The involvement of various mechanisms for inducing abnormal developmental delay may not be ruled out. Therefore, critical consideration of drug use in pregnancy is required.

^ssc3 illus, 20 ref

005386   Gogate M N;Joshi V R;Mulye V B;Sapkale P H; Chogale N D (College of Fisheries, (Dr.B.S. Konkan Krishi Vidyapeeth), Shirgaon, Ratnagiri-415 629, Email: meenalgogate@rediffmail.com) : Effect of different levels of lactitol on the shelf life of treated frozen surimi prepared from tuna fish. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 29-36.

Reveals cryoprotective effect of 4,6,8,10 and 12 % lactitol on bleached frozen frigate tuna (Auxis thazard) surimi stored at-20 °C for 6 months. The results were compared with the control without percentage and peroxide value were found in lower levels (4 and 6%) whereas, (he decrease in values of protein and SSN were lowest in 8,10,12 % lactitol as compared to the lower levels of lactitol at toe end of 5 month storage and control a! the end of 5 month of storage. Decreases in toe scores of all organoleptic characteristics during storage were noticed in all the samples. However, toe extent of decrease was lowest in toe 8 % lactitol as compared to other levels (5 months) and control (3 months). The study suggests that toe frozen treated tuna surimi at 8 % lactitol, 0.3 % polyphosphate and 0.01 % BHA can be stored satisfactorily for 4 months in view of it's acceptance.

5 illus, 5 tables, 20 ref

005385   Ghosh A;Adhikari S;Bhattacharya A;Mondal A K (C/O Shri Chinmoy Bhattacharya Co-ordinator, Krishnanagar Govt College Study Centre Netaji Subhash Open Univ, Krishnanagar Nadia, West Bengal-741 101) : Biological spectrum of Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary Nadia Murshidabad forest division West Bengal. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 389-94.

Biological spectrum of the Bethuadahari Wildlife Sanctuary, a tropical community, reveals that per hundred species of its flora, 61.16 are phanerophytes, 15.7 chamaephytes, 5.79 hemicryptophytes, 4.13 cryptophytes and 13.22 therophytes. The phanero-chamaephytic phytoclimate indicates moist, warm, humid tropical nature of the geoclimate. However, high scarcity of hemicryptophytes in comparison with Raunkiaer's normal spectrum, indicates that the soil in the site is at the risk of erosion. At present, the sanctuary appears to be a disturbed area also, perhaps due to tourists and some other biotic factors. Water management and soil conservation is deemed essential.

1 illus, 3 tables, 25 ref

005384   Gautam R K;Shah S;Singh N;Irshad S (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, Dr. B. R. Ambedkar Univ, Khandari Campus, Agra-282 002) : Changes in certain enzymological parameters in Nuvan induced fresh water teleost Channa punctatus (Bloch). Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 73-4.

Effect of sublethal concentration (0.024) ml/l) of organophosphate compound "Nuvan" on Channa punctatus were studied after 24,48,72 and 96 hour. The result indicates increased activity of Serum Glutamic Oxaloacetic Transminases (SGOT) and Glutamic Pyruvic Transminanses (SGPT) in serum of all treated.

1 table, 7 ref

005383   Dubey D;Parashar A;Somdutt (Zoology Dep, Sorojini Naidu Govt Girls P G College, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh) : Length-weight relationship and condition factor of Indian major carps viz Catla Catla Labeo rohita and Cirrihinus mrigala in a rearing pond. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 375-8.

Length and weight relationship of Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrihinus mrigala were calculated separately during developmental stage. The fishes known as Indian major carps are economically viable and climatically suitable species. Hence the communication deals with the biological aspect like the length and weight and condition factor, which will be useful for fisheries management. The weight and the length of these species follows the general logarithmic equation: Catla catla Log W= -7.0490+0.1218 Log L, Labeo rohita Log W = -0.1650 + 0.9917 Log L, Catla mrigala Log W = -0.7515 + 0.8118 Log L. The value of exponent n=0.012183, 0.09917 and 0.8118 for Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrihinus mrigala respectively when tested with "t" test found to be significantly deviating from cube law at P=0.001 level. However, condition factor (k) worked out to be 0.7,0.6 and 0.9 for Catla catla, Labeo rohita and Cirrihinus mrigala respectively indicating that the fish is not growing well in weight as compared to length, may be due to improper feeding of these species in the stock tank.

4 illus, 17 ref

005382   Dar P A;Bhat F A;Rashid M;Mir S H;Wani S A; Dar Z A (P G Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 007, Email: parvaiz_nisu@yahoo.co.in) : Histochemical distribution of acid phosphatase in Cotylophoron cotylophorum (Platyhelminthes: Digenea) from rumen of cattle. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 273-8.

Detailed histochemical localization of acid phosphatase at the tissue level of Cotylophoron cotylophorum, a stomach fluke of cattle, has been described. Cotylophoron cotylophorum were collected from the rumen of cattle in local abattoirs. Frozen sections were cut and histochemical localization of acid phosphatase was done by using Lead Acetate method. Acid phosphatase activity was demonstrated in various tissues like musculature of oral sucker, acetabulum, tegument, digestive system, reproductive system and parenchymal cells. The possible functional activity of this enzyme in different tissues has been discussed. Histochemical distribution of acid phosphatase revealed its positive activity in almost all the tissues of Cotylophoron cotylophorum. Muscles of pharynx, its tegument as well as tegument lining the mouth and acetabulam showed intense reaction for acid phosphatase. Similar reaction for acid phosphatase was recorded in the intestinal caecae and various muscle layers of acetabulam. Vitelline cells and their secretory products were also acid phosphatase positive. Acid phosphatase was detected histochemically in the sites where absorption, secretion and excretion occur and is postulated to be related with these functions.

8 illus 1 table 27 ref

005381   Chittaranjan Rao B;Nagaraja Rao P (NO, , H. N. 1-1-230/2/3, Dr. Ramaiah Lane, Chikkadpally, Hyderabad-500 020) : Coloured rubber septa interference on the bio-efficacy of sex pheromone of Helicoverpa armigera HUBNER. Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 93-4.

Synthetic sex pheromone for Helicoverpa armigera was loaded in White, Cream, Orange, Red and Gray coloured rubber septa. These coloured septa with same pheromone lure were tested for their Bioefficacy for catching Helicoverapa armigera male moths in the cotton fields of Basuregadi village, Ranga Reddy district, Andhra Pradesh.

2 tables, 5 ref

005380   Chauhan P;Sharma H B;Sharma R;Bhadoria N S (Zoology Dep, B.S.A. College, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh) : Ovipositional deterrent effect of some plant extracts against gram pod borer Helicoverpa armigera (Huber). Pl Archs 2008, 8(2), 991-3.

Ovipositional deterrent effect of four plants extracts viz., margosa seed, leaves of night-flowering jasmine, forest jasmine and stramonium prepared in ethanol, acetone, hexane and water was assessed on the basis of number of eggs laid and percent oviposition for two consecutive years against Helicoverpa armigera under net house condition. Minimum egg deposition and percent oviposition was recorded in ethanol extract of margosa seed followed by hexane, acetone and water extracts of margosa seed, which showed their ovipositional deterrent effect against H. armigera. The ethanol extract of night-flowering jasmine also showed ovipositional deterrent effect against the pest.

2 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

005379   Chaudhry S;Kohli R (Zoology Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014) : Sequence analysis of mitochondrial 16S ribosomal RNA gene fragment in two populations of Culex quinquefasciatus say (culicidae : diptera). Natn Acad Sci Lett 2007, 30(1-2), 55-60.

The mitochondrial genes are maternally inherited, lack introns, have multiple copies, carry highly conserved gene order and higher rates of evolution as compared to nuclear genes. Deals with the sequence analysis of 16S rRNA mitochondrial gene fragment in two wild populations of a mosquito Culex. quinquefasciatus Say which is a confirmed vector of filariasis and Japanese encephalitis in humans. Two specific oligonucleotide primers with base sequence of 5'-CGCCTGTTTATCAAAAACAT-3'and 5'-CTCCGG TTTGAACTCAGATC-3' were used for the in vitro amplification of mitochondrial DNA of freshly hatched adult females. When the amplified products of this gene fragment were subjected to agarose gel electrophoresis, a distinct band each for populations A and B was obtained which consisted of 583 and 641 bases respectively. The sequence analysis of bases in the DNA from these two bands showed several loci differing in complementary base pairs due to probable insertions deletions (indels). Loci suffering transitions and transversions were also detected wherein the rates of transitions were found to be higher than those of transversions. In overall base composition the entire sequence of the present 16S rRNA gene fragment of Culex quinquefasciatus is A-T rich and the two population are genetically distinct.

^ssc2 illus, 25 ref

005378   Channa A;Nabi S (P G Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006) : Histochemical study of neutral mucin in the digestive tract of Glyptothorax kashmirensis Hora. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 371-3.

Histochemical localization of neutral mucin in the histological sections of the various portions of the digestive tract of Glyptothorax kasmirensis Hora adopting PAS technique has been studied. It has been observed during the present study that entire digestive tract from oesophagus to rectum react positively for neutral mucin. The results of the investigation indicate that the mucous cells are the sites of intense reaction. The muscularis and serosa are however, devoid of any reaction.

6 illus 11 ref

005377   Chakraborty B K (NO, , 7 Umed Ali Road, Khupakhola, Mymensing-2202, Bangladesh, Email: binayborty@yahoo.com) : Induction of spawning in spiny tara baim, Macrognathus aral (Bloch & Schneider) in Bangladesh. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 37-44.

Common hormonal carp Pituitary gland (PG) was tested to evaluate the efficacy on ovulation, fertility and hatching rate of Macrognathus aral under controlled conditions. A screening test of PG hormone was investigated to find out the effective dose of ovulation and spermiation of M. aral Forty two different doses (2 mg and 4.0 mg to 18.0 mg.PG.kg^-1 body weight) and twenty four different doses (2.0 mg to 10.0 mg.PG.kg^-1 body weight) PG hormone were tested for different length of time to find out the accurate dose which responses of ovulation and spermiation of M. aral, In confirmation test, a double dose of 2.0 mg and l6.5±0.56 mg.PG.kg^-1 body weight was the most effective dose in case of ovulation and a single dose of 8.5±0.5 mg.PG.kg^-1 body weight was found to be effective in spermiation. During confirmation test highest fertility rate (90.2±1.42%), hatching rate (88.5±2.28.5%) and survival rate (82.8±1.34%) of off springs was recorded in treatment B (16.5±0.5 mg. PG.kg^-1 body weight).

1 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

005376   Babu A;Sekar V;Kashinathan R;Annadurai D (Centre of Advanced Study in Marine Biology, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502) : Shell damage and shell injuries of the intertidal snail Turritella duplicata (Linn. 1758). Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 211-14.

Shell damage and injuries of Turritella duplicata was studied using data collected from three locations namely Puducherry, Parangipettai and Tranquebar. The stations are mentioned as I to III respectively. T. duplicata collected from different habitats showed high variation in size, being maximum at station II (105.5mm) where the place is sandy shore and minimum at station I (83.5mm) with artificial rocky shore. High number of injured shells was found in station II. Predation by crab, sea birds and fishes seems to high risk of the shell damage.

1 illus, 14 ref

005375   Arvind Kumar;Paliwal A (NO, , 8/166, Jeoni Mandi, Agra-282 004) : Insecticidal effects of certain neem based pesticides against Corcyra cephalonica ST.. Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 87-8.

Investigation was conducted to test the certain neem based pesticides under laboratory conditions to the stored grain pests, Corcya cephalonica St. (Lepidoptera). The relative toxicity of five neem based pesticides extract was worked out by taking Lc₅₀ values. Neemazal were found to be highly toxic and their relative toxicity could be arranged in the following descending order : Neemazal > Neemgold > Bioneem > Nimbicidine > Achook. experimental results will helpful, the toxicity level of various neem based pesticides and also serves in the selection of various neem plant extract in the control of stored grain pests.

1 table, 8 ref

005374   Arunkumar L (Zoology Dep, Mayai Lambi College, Yumnam Huidrom-975 008) : Bangana chindwinicus, a new species of cyprinid fish (Cypriniformes : Cyprinidae) from Manipur, India. Aquacult 2008, 9(1), 13-22.

Bangana chindwinicus, a new species of benthopdagic cyprtaid fish form the Chindwin basin of Manipur, India is described here. It is characterized by the following combination of characters: prominent snout with two rows of tubercles separated by a wide groove, lateral line scales 37-38+3-4 (total 40-41), circumpeduneular scales 2r, lateral transverse scales 8/1/5, scales between, vent and anal In base 3-4, gill rakers 49, predorsal. scales small and arranged irregularly with varying numbers of 13-15, and origin of pelvic fin under 4th branched dorsal fin ray.

1 illus, 2 tables, 41 ref

005373   Annadurai D;Babu A;Sekar V;Kasinathan R (CAS in Marine Biology, Annamalai Univ, Parangipettai-608 502) : Scanning electron mocroscopic structure of radula of the venomous gastropod Conus monile Hawas in Bruguiere. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 225-8.

Scanning electron microscopic structure of the radular of Conus monile was elucidated. Relationships of its component were apex, barbs, cutting edge, adapical opening of the lumen, serration, external fold, shaft, basal spur, base and basal opening of the lumen which are used in the capture of prey. The radular tooth is short, stout and basically a rolled sheath, consisting of chitin. The outer whorl of the tooth is flattened and apex is pointed while the base is thickened and strengthened, a cusp is present (basal spur) at the base.

8 ref

005372   Amin A;Khan A R (PG Department of Zoology, Kashmir Univ, Srinagar-190 006, Email: ayesha_aat@yahoo.co.in.) : Seasonal abundance of helminth parasites in fish (Schizothorax spp) in district Doda of Jammu & Kashmir. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(2), 311-13.

Aim of the study was to determine the prevalence of Helminthic infestation in fishes of District Doda. 236 fishes were collected and examined for Helminth infection. Overall 107 (45.33%) specimens were infected by two types of Helminth parasites, viz., Rhabdhochona kashmirensis and Pomphorhynchus kashmirensis. Rhabdhochona kashmirensis was most prevalent parasite (38.5%) followed by Pomphorhynchus kashmirensis (18.22%). In the study nematode showed marked seasonal occurrence in summer and acanthocephalan in spring.

2 table 10 ref

005371   Amarjit Kaur;Renuka P;Lingampally V (Zoology Dep, Osmania Univ College for Women, Koti, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh) : Influence of Ageratum conyzoides leaf extract on the stored grain pest Corcyra cephalonia (stainton). Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 137-8.

Ageratum conyzpides crude leaf extract caused disruption in the growth and development of rice moth Corcyra cephalonica. A decrease in protein level in the fat body haemolymph and ovaries in the treated resultant adults was observed when compared to adults suggesting hopes for its use in the stored grain pest management.

8 ref

005370   Akhtar R;Jyoti M K;Singh R;Shafiq M;Zubair S M (Zoology Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu, Jammu & Kashmir) : Population dynamics of rotifers in a temperate pond (sarkoot), Kishtwar, district Doda, (J&K). Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 97-100.

In the investigations, an attempt has been made to enlist and study seasonal fluctuations in rotifer populations in Sarkoot pond of Kishtwar (Distt. Doda, J&K State). The work revealed the occurrence of fourteen species of rotifers dominating qualitatively amongst the total zooplanktonic community inhabiting the pond.

1 illus, 2 tables, 22 ref

005369   Akhilesh Kumar;Rajeev Ranjan;Kumar Vimal;Das S N;Singh V P (Sericulture Laboratory, P.G. Dep of Zoology, A.N. College (M.U.), Patna-800 013) : Study of sericin in indoor and outdoor harvested tasar cocoon of species of Antheraea mylitta. Mendel int J 2007, 24(3-4), 121-2.

Comparative investigation on the study of sericin reared in laboratory condition and sample collected from outdoor condition of the species of Antheraea mylitta of Daba ecoraces under indoor and out-door condition shows significant variations. The mean sericin percentage in the indoor harvested cocoons of Antheraea mylitta are less than outdoor harvested cocoons. The aforesaid variation are probably due to the differences in the quality of food as well as the changing environment in two different conditions.

1 illus, 2 tables, 3 ref

005368   Agarwal A;Tiwari S (Zoology Dep, School of Life Sciences, Dr. B.R. Ambedkar Univ, Agra, Uttar Pradesh) : Effect of antioxidant on nitrogen dioxide induced kidney injury in albino rat. Natn J Life Sci 2007, 4(1), 89-92.

In the albino rat, Rattus norvegicus (Berkenhout) were exposed to 80 ppm nitrogen dioxide gas for 30 and 60 days for one hour per day. In the histopathological sections of kidney viz. glomerulonephritis, hemorrhages into glomerular spaces and debris in tubular lumena were observed after 30 days exposure to nitrogen dioxide in albino rat which is completed with development of the glomerular permeability and continuing nephritic edema after 60 days exposure to nitrogen dioxide gas in albino rat. Development of glomerular permeability and nephritic edema of kidney is the indication of kidney tissue injury after inhalation of nitrogen dioxide. A reduction in serum total protein is also correlated with kidney tissue damage. General improvement of kidney tissue damage was observed after supplementation of antioxidant (vitamin C) that detoxifies variety of free radicals. Suggests that nitrogen dioxide inhalation produces nephrotoxicity and serum total protein disorder, which are significantly reduced after supplementation of antioxidant.

5 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

004485   Yousuf M;Ehtashamul Hassan M;Singh R B (Forest Entomology Div, Tropical Forest Research Institute, Jabalpur-482 021) : Record of Apanteles sp. (hymenoptera : bracobnidae) : A larval parasitoid of Atteva fabriciella Swederus. Bull pure appl Sci-Sect A 2008, 27(1), 31-4.

One new species: Apanteles attevae sp. n. is described & illustrated. Specimens of new species were emerged from the larvae of Atteva fabriciella Swederus. The new species Apanieles attevae is closely related to A. pliycodis Viereck. However, the new species differs by having its longer hind tibial spur (outer) and distinct shorter ovipositor sheath, about as long as hind tibia.

7 illus, 14 ref

004484   Ulfat Jan;Bhat B A (P G Dep of Zoology, Univ of Kashmir, Hazratbal Srinagar-190 006, Email: bilalwildlife@yahoo.co.in) : Bear predation risk associated with hangul deer (Cervus elaphus hanglu Wagner) in Dachigam National Park Kashmir. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(1), 91-4.

During the study conducted from January 2005 to December 2006 no direct encounter between black bear and hangul deer was recorded. Indirect evidence from bear scats collected along fourteen transects in the park revealed that predation by bear was possible when both species coexisted in appreciable numbers and when the appreciable food supply for bear was not available in the habitat. Out of 136 scats, 128 were found to contain fruit, foliage and insects. Hangul hairs were recovered from eight scats.

1 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

004483   Ulfat Jain;MustafaShah G;Wani J A;Ahanger F A;Bhat B A (P G Dep of Zoology, Univ of Kashmir, Hazratbal, Srinagar-190 006, Email: amtjavid2004@yahoo.co.in) : Foraging site selection by northern shoveler (Anas clypeata Linn.) at Hokersar wetland Kashmir-I influence of molluscs. Indian J appl pure Biol 2008, 23(1), 131-7.

Ecology of water birds is closely tied to the distribution and abundance of food resource. For many species of waterfowl, macro-invertebrates are an important dietary component that influence their habitat selection. During the study on foraging site selection by Northern Shoveler (Anas clypeata) emphasis was given on influence of density and biomass of molluscs on foraging behaviour of Northern Shoveler. Statistically significant differences in density and biomass of molluscs noticed during the stay of Northern Shoveler at the Hokersar wetland from September 2004 to April 2005 are discussed. The study revealed a positive correlation between density and biomass of molluscs and distribution of foraging sites of Northern Shoveler.

4 table, 23 ref

004482   Suresh V R;Biswas B K;Vinvi G K;Mitra K; Mukherjee A (NO, Central Inland Fisheries Research Institute, Barrackpore, Kolkata-700 120) : Biology of Amblypharyngodon mola (Hamilton) from a floodplain wetland, West Bengal. Indian J Fish 2007, 54(2), 155-61.

Biology of Amblypharyngodon mola from a floodplain wetland was studied during May 2003 to April 2004. The length-weight relationship of the fish suggested isometric growth. The regression models obtained was log W =2:9819 X - 4.9826 log L, R² = 0.7278 for male and log W = 3.0579 X -5.0873 log L, R² = 0.9213 for female. The fish is a herbivore, feeding mainly on species belonging to the orders Myxophyceae, Bacillariophyceae, Chlorophyceae and Euglenophyceae. November-February was the most active feeding period. The sex ratio was 1:7.7. The fecundity ranged from 21 to 16867, while the relative fecundity ranged from 7 to 2122. The length at first maturity was 51-56 mm for males and 39-44 mm for females. The ova diameter ranged from 0.05 to 0.7 mm. The fish breed once for a definite period during April-October in the wetland.

3 illus, 1 table, 23 ref