020717   Jagbir Singh;Shashi Kant (Botanyn Dep, Jammu Univ, Jammu-180 006) : Life forms and biological spectrum with varying biotic pressures of Kalakote range, Rajouri (J&K) India. Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 159-63.

The biodiversity of Kalakote range is under severe threat of biotic interferences like coal mining, nomadism, grazing, encroachments, over exploitation and other allied interferences. A total of 356 tracheophytes species collected from the present study area have been classified into nine life forms classes (Raunkiaer's 1918, as modified by Braun- Blanquet 1932). Nine life forms have been recorded: Therophytes 30.89%, Macrophanerophytes 16.57%, Nanophanerophytes 12.35%, Chamaephytes 16.85%, Hemicryptophytes 12.64%, Hydrophytes and helophytes 1.40%, Liana and epiphytes 5.61% and Geophytes 3.65%. The dominance of therophytes is due to biotic interferences coupled with heavy grazing pressure.

1 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

020716   Jadeja B A;Modhvadia A R;Jha K (Botany Dep, M.D. Sicence College, Porbandar-360 575) : Some ethnobotanical useful mangroves in Diu (U.T.), India. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 221-5.

A floristic survey of ethnomedicinal useful mangrove plants occurring in the Diu and surroundings was conducted to assess the potentiality of mangroves for ethnobotanical uses. The survey is based on the exhaustive interviews with local physicians practising indigenous system of medicine, village head men, priests and tribal folks. Many tribes like Khaniya koli, kharwa, vaniya, brahmin, vanja, khoja inhabit in Diu. These people especially belongings to primitive or aboriginal culture possess a good deal of information about properties and medicinal use of plants. In the present paper an attempt has been made to docunient the traditional mangroves uses prevalent amongst the aboriginals of Diu. A list of mangrove species along with their parts used and the different ethnobotanical uses are given.

1 table, 6 ref

020715   Hogale K R;Patil B D (Botany Dep, S.G.M. College, Karad-415 110) : Air spora of vegetable market at Karad, Maharashtra. Nat Envir Pollut Technol 2008, 7(3), 461-6.

Studies on air spora of vegetable market at Karad were carried out with the help of Rotorod air sampler to monitor biopollutants. The study was carried out from 1st Oct. 2006 to 31st Dec. 2006. The investigation reports 57 types of biopollutants, out of which 52 belong to fungi, and five to pollen grains, algal fragments, hyphal fragments, insect and insect parts. The spores of Curvularia, Nigrospora, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Helminthosporium, Sclerospora, Epicoccum, Teichospora, and Chaetomium are common in occurrence. The spores found in the study, which have already been proved to be allergenic in nature, are Curvularia, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Alternaria, Helminthosporium, Chaetomium, smut spores and Epicoccum.

1 illus, 2 tables, 11 ref

020714   Gopalan R;Murugan C (NO, , Botanical Survey of India, Southern Circle, Coimbatore-641 003) : Eugenia agasthiyamalayana (Myrtaceae)-a new species from the southern western ghats of India. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 641-2.

Eugenia agasthiyamalayana (Myrtaceae) allied to E. discifera Gamble is described and illustrated as a new species from the Agasthiyamalai, Southern Western Ghats of India.

1 illus, 1 table, 5 ref

020713   Gogoi M;Islam M (Botany Dep, Gargaon College, Simaluguri-785 686) : Certain endangered and threatened ethnobotanically important plants Sivasagar district, Assam. Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 205-7.

Sivasagar district of North-East India is a transitional zone of Arunachal Pradesh and Nagaland. From topographical point, this particular area is undulating with three foot hills endowed with luxuriant vegetation and rich biodiversity. Tribals of the dominant forest areas are playing an important role in ethnobotanical aspect in their day-to-day life. Species of Lycopodium, Angiopteris, Cyathea, Helminthostacys, Gnetum, Aquillaria, Entada, Catunarengum, Lilsea etc. considered as endangered ones and very few are found to be threatened (e.g. Psilotum). During the survey 27 species have been recorded which are used in different aspect.

10 ref

020712   Goel S;Arora A (Botany Dep, S.D. (P.G.) College, Muzaffarnagar-251 001, Email: Sneha_mzn_2007@yahoo.co.in) : Applied aspects of Stevia rebaudiana. Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 303-5.

Slevia, a natural, non-caloric sweetener is a member of family Asteraceae commonly called as 'Mau tulsi' or 'Cheeni tulsi' in India. The plant consists of glycosides (Steviosides and Rebaudiosides), which are 250-300 times sweeter than ordinary table sugar. Apart from its natural sweetener the plant has got medicinal and economical value. The plant is used for various medical treatments such as diabetes, cardiotonic, antimicrobial and different skin problems. In India a number of researchers are doing work on the plant but there is need to promote commercial production, non-agric research and its approved use.

^iia2 illus, 19 ref

020711   Ghatak A;Banerjee B;Dey N (Botany Dep, Darjeeling Government College, Darjeeling-734 101) : Nostoc muscorum a mucilaginous ball forming blue-green algae from Darjeeling hills. J Hill Res 2008, 21(2), 70-2.

^ssc1 illus, 8 ref

020710   Ghai N;Sehgal Z;Singh P (Botany Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: navitaghai@yahoo.com) : Influence of plant growth regulators on changes in the levels of metabolites in developing fruits of mashbean (cv.UL-388). Ecol Envir Conserv 2008, 14(4), 745-9.

Homobrassinolide (HBR) (0.1 and 0.5 ng mL^'1) and humicil (HL) (0.5 and l.Oug mL^-1) were used as foliar applications on mashbean crop at vegetative and floral inititation stages. The effect of these two PGRs on changes in the levels of various metabolites viz; total soluble sugars, starch, free amino acids and total soluble proteins in the pod wall and seeds at different developmental stages were studied. Both the PGRs resulted in an increase in the level of various metabolites in the developing fruits (pod wall and seed). There was an increased turnover of sugars and amino acids and enhanced deposition of reserves in the form of proteins by HBR and HL, which resulted in improved quality of mashbean seeds.

8 tables, 16 ref

020709   Gemici M;Nil Azeri F;Unal D (Botany Dep, Faculty of Science, Ege Univ, Bornova 35100, Izmir, Turkey, Email: meliha.gemici@ege.edu.tr) : Correlation between cytokinins and polyamines contents of Capsicum annuum L. callus cultivated in vitro. Asian J Chem 2008, 20(3), 1848-58.

Polyamines are naturally found both in animals and plants. They play important roles in a number of cellular processes such as replication and translation, embriyonic development, cell cycle, programmed cell death and cancer. Although the metabolic pathway of polyamines is lighten in recent years, its relationship with hormones still remains unclear. In this study, the authors investigate a correlation between polyamines and hormones. Endogen cytokinins and polyamines (spermidine and spermine) contents have determined by TLC and HPLC methods in Capsicum annuum L. subcallus that derived from callus formation medium consist of arginine, 2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and both of them at day 21. Phenylalanine amonium liyas (PAL) enzyme analysis have also performed. The results suggest that the use of cytokinins in cell may only related to spermine. Polyamines amount was been proportional to decrease of PAL enzyme content. When cytokinin and PAL enzyme content was compared, the consumption of cytokinin in callus which placed applicaton medium, was likely to decrease PAL activity. The results suggest that the use of cyto-.kinins in cell may only related to spermine.

5 illus, 1 table, 30 ref

020708   Garud B D;Yadav S S;Varghese M (P.G. Dep of Botany, Jai Hind Educational Trusts, Z.B. Patil College, Dhule-424 002) : Floristic analysis of Toranmal flora of Nandurbar district in Maharashtra state, India. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 495-8.

Toranmal is one of the bridal ranges of Satpuda mountains. It is in the north of Dhule district and falls under the newly carved district viz., Nandurbar and taluka Dhadgaon. The flora is highly diversified in vegetation and have rich number of floristic composition due to its topography, climatic and edaphic factors which are favourable for such luxurious vegetation. The present paper deals with the synoptical analysis of the flora w.r.t. 761 species belonging to 425 genera spread over 115 families. 

7 tables, 13 ref

020707   Elumalai K;Dhanasekaran S;Veeraiyan G; Meenakshi V (Zoology Dep, Annamalai Univ, Annamalai Nagar-608 002) : Feeding deterrent activity of certain plant extracts against the fruit borer, Helicoverpa armigera (Hubner). J appl Zool Res 2008, 19(2), 133-8.

Study aimed to check the organic solvent extracts of Abutilon indicum, Clemdendron inerme, Croton sparsiflorus, Enicostemma littorale, Pseudoca/ymma alliacea, Sida caprinifolia, and fruits of Solanum surattense against the fourth instar larvae of fruit borer H. armigera for their feeding deterrent activity. The maximum activity was recorded in the petroleum ether extract of C. inerme and its impact on the larvae was further studied. It was interesting to observe that 2/3 of the larval weight was reduced after 7, 9 and 12 days after treatment. Similarly, it also induced larval mortality at 2.5 and 5% concentrations. The development of new botanical pesticide can be possible by the isolation and identification of the effective principles.

4 tables, 17 ref

020706   Dilip K;Bonoranjan P (Botany Dep, Dibru College, Dibrugarh-786 003, Email: dilip_kalita29@rediffmail.com) : Some folk medicines used by the Moran of Assam, India. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 247-50.

An attempt has been made to study folk medicines i.e. ethno medicines used by the Moran people of Assam for the treatment of 18 different diseases which are prevalent among them. A total no of 34 such medicinally important plant species are reported.

1 table, 12 ref

020705   Desai P B;Patel N K (Biology Dep, Sheth M.N. Science College, Patan, Gujarat, Email: taxonomy.naren@gmail.com) : Floristic diversity of wetland of Sabarmati river corridor surround the Dharoi dam. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 457-9.

The work has been done to collect the information about different plant species of the Dharoi dam area. The data obtained from these studies have botanical importance particularly in the field of forest. During my field research work, we have discovered wetland flora of Dharoi dam. We are finding out 68 plant species which are belong to 43 families.

3 illus, 4 tables, 5 ref

020704   Desai M;Vediya S;Pandit B R (Botany Dep, Bhavan's Sheth R.A. College of Science, Ahmedabad, Gujarat) : Phenological study of some dry deciduous forest tree species of Shamlaji forest, North Gujarat, India. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 421-2.

Phenology is important for the study of plant animal interactions which affect pollination and dispersal, and important for plant reproduction. The study deals with the phonological data of 19 forest tree species. Observations on leaf fall, new foliage, flowering and fruiting have been discussed in detail. These data are useful to analyses the phonological pattern of tree species in the dry deciduous forest along disturbance gradient to understand the response of tree species to climate factor and the periodicity.

5 ref

020703   Deka D;Sarmah G C (Botany Dep, Dudhnoi College, Goalpara, Assam) : Natural dyes used in traditional looms by certain tribes of Goalpara district, Assam. Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 195-7.

The Goalpara district of Assam is inhabited by a considerable number of aboriginal ethnic communities like Bodos, Rabhas etc. They have gathered excellent knowledge about various uses of plants through experience for being constantly associated with forest-based resources over many generations. The present paper deals with some plant species for dyeing fabrics by two major aboriginal communities of Goalpara district of Assam i.e., the Bodos (12 species) and the Rabhas (09 species) who have intensive knowledge in dyeing fabrics purely by indigenous process.

2 tables, 16 ref

020702   Daniels A E D;Daneil P (Botany Dep, Scott Christian College (Autonomous), Nagercoil-629 003) : Frullania cylanica nees (Frullaniaceae)-new to the hepatic flora of India. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 637-9.

Frullania ceylanica, earlier though to be endemic to Ceylon (Sri Lanka), is added here to the bryoflora of India from the Western Ghats of Tamil Nadu. Based on earlier literature its taxonomy and nomenclature are discussed and a detailed description is provided along with an illustration and information on habitat.

9 ref

020701   Chowdhury S;Datta A K;Maity S (Botany Dep, Genetics and Plant Breeding Section, Kalyani Univ, West Bengal, Email: dattaanimesh@gmail.com) : Induced stem fasciation in sesame (Sesamum indicum L.). Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 165-70.

Thirteen branched fasciated (BF₂, frequency - 0.42%) and five unbranched nonfasciated (UNF, frequency - 0.16%) were induced at M₂out of 3130 plant progenies following induction of X-rays and gamma irradiations (50,100,200 and 300 Gyre doses) to dry seeds (moisture content: 9.56%) of sesame (Sesamum indicum L. var. B-67, Family: Pedaliaceae). The fasciated mutant had broadened (width 1.5 cm - 3.5 cm), flattened and ribbed stem (main axis) compared to cylindrical stem (1.0 cm -1.2 cm) in normal (N) and UNF plant types. Average zone of fasciation in BF2 was72.64% - 77.82% and it initiated from a distance of 24,8cm ± 2.12 from base. Fasciated stem had narrow, lanceolate and irregularly arranged leaves (altering the normal opposite decussate phyllotaxy) with prominent fruit clusters (number- 6 to 8, 6.7 ± 0.42, 7.4 ± 0.73 fruits/cluster, distance between clusters - 6.05cm ± 0.35) and branch formation (2 - 3,2.5 ± 0.02). Flowers (phloxpurple 631/₁) and fruits (elongated) were alike in the plant types. Rare often (9.52% - M _{plants) BF, showed bifurcation of fasciated stem at upper region. The pattern of F, and BC1 segregation in different sets of crossings (BF2 x N, UNF x N, BF2 x UNF and BF2 x BF1 - BF1 reported Her by Datta et. al. 2006, used as reference in the study) demonstrated that stem fasciation is monogenic recessive to normal cylindrical stem as was unbranched to branched nature in the species. Multiple allelism for fasciated trait (Fs> fs2> fs1) and genotypes BBFsFs for normal, BBfs2fs2 branched fasciated type 2 (BF2)and bbFsFs unbranched nonfasciated (UNF) has been proposed. Meiosis (2n = 26) was normal but pollen fertility (N -83.5%, BF2 54.9% and UNF -75.7%) varied in the plant types. Fasciated stem showed lesser xy lem activity than normal stem. The mutants bred true at M4. BF2 (capsule on main axis and per plant, seed yield and seed fatty oil and protein contents) and UNF (capsule on main axis and capsule length) showed superiority over parental cultivar for some quantitative traits. However, BF2(26.7%) and UNF (28.3%) had low lamination frequency. BF2 also showed tendency of lodging at maturity.}

9 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

020700   Chavan A M;Kakde R B (Seed Pathology and Fungal Biotechnology Laboratory, Botany Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004) : Detection of fungal load on abnormal oil-seeds from Marathwada region.. Bioinfolet 2009, 6(2), 149-50.

1 illus, 5 ref

020699   Brijithlal N D;Mabel J L;Daniels A E D (Botany Dep, Scott Christian College, Autonomous, Nagercoil-629 003) : Additions to the moss flora of peninsular India from the neyyar wildlife sanctuary, Kerala, India. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 643-6.

Three mosses viz., Acroporium baviense, Cyathophorum adiantum and Lindbergia koelzii, earlier known to be distributed in the Khasia Hills, Western Himalaya and Northeast India and Western Himalaya respectively are recorded for Peninsular India. Each species is described in detail and illustrated.

3 illus, 8 ref

020698   Bhuktar A S;Sardesai M M (Botany Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004) : Additions to the flora of Marathwada. Bioinfolet 2009, 6(2), 165-7.

Deals with addition of four taxa of flowering plants to the Flora of Marathwada. Updated nomenclature, name of the family, locality and description are given for each species.

1 table, 12 ref

020697   Bhellum B L;Magotra R (NO, Govt. College for Women, Parade, Jammu-180 001) : Nervilia gammieana (Hook.F.) schltr.-An addition to the flora of Jammu & Kashmir State. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 619-20.

The paper gives taxonomic account of Nervilla gammieana (Hook. f.) Schltr. an Orchid a new record for J&K State collected from Kalidar in Tehsil Sunderbani of District Rajouri (Jammu and Kashmir).

1 illus, 14 ref

020696   Bhattacharyya D;Sanjappa M (NO, Institute of Environmental Studies and Wetland Management, Salt Lake City, Kolkata-700 098) : Rhododendron callimorphum balf. F. & W.W. SM. (Ericaceae)-an addition to the flora of India. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 625-8.

Rhododendron callimorphum Balf. f. & W.W. Sm. (Ericaceae), a taxon so far known from China, is described here as a new record to India from Arunachal Pradesh. Two varieties are known under this species. The Indian specimens belong to typical variety (var. callimorphum). A detailed description, photograph and distribution map are provided for its easy identification.

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020695   Bhandari S L;Bisht S S;Bisht N S (Botany Dep, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Campus Pauri, Pauri, Garhwal-246 001) : Micropropagation of Roylea elegans Wall.-an important medicinal herb. J med aromatic Pl Sci 2008, 30(4), 370-4.

In vitro shoot multiplication was achieved through sprouting of axillary buds using nodal segment of Roylea elegans, a monotypic taxon of Lamiaceae family. Multiple shoots were differentiated in axillary buds of R. elegans, cultured on MS medium supplemented with BA (3.0 to 6.0 mgl^-1) in combination with IAA (0.5 to 1.0 mgl 0, IBA (1.0 mg l^-1), NAA (0.5 to 1.0 mg l^-1) and GA, (0.5 mg l^-1). The maximum shoots (18.14 ± 1.84) were obtained in 3.0:1.0 mgl^-1 of BA : IAA combination whereas only 7.21 ± 1.19 shoots were obtained in 1.0 mgl^-1 BA with 0.5 mgl^-1 IBA and GA,. 4.0 : 1.0 mgl^-1 (BA: NAA) and 4.0 : 0.5 : 0.5 mgl^-1 (BA:IBA:GA₃) concentrations were also effective for efficient micropropagation in this plant. Higher number of roots were achieved in MS full strength medium with 1.0 mgl^-1 NAA (6.11 ± 0.73) or IBA (5.79 ± 0.63) whereas MS half strength medium failed to induce rooting. Pots having garden soil with organic compost, and kept in controlled environment for a longer duration, irrigation with half strength MS solution and water were the desirable conditions for achieving high survival percentage (70-80%) for this plant.

1 illus, 2 tables, 17 ref

020694   Bhale U N;Sawant V S;Sarwade P P;Rajkonda J N (Botany Dep, Yashwantrao Chavan Mahavidyalaya, Tulijapur, Dist. Osmanabad) : Arbuscular mycorrhizal colonization in ornamental plants. Bioinfolet 2009, 6(2), 145.

Seven ornamental plants growing in Osmanabad district (M.S.) were studied for root colonization. The root colonization of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi. (AMF) ranged from 57 to 98; with higher value for Canna indica L.

1 table, 3 ref

020693   Beig M A;Hassan Dar G;Ahmad K;Ganai N A (Plant Pathology Dep, S.K. Univ of Agricultural Sciences & Technology of Kashmir, Shalimar, Srinagar-191 121) : Growth response of Pinus wallichiana inoculated with Pisolithus tinctorius and Laccaria laccata under different soil moisture regimes. J Hill Res 2008, 21(2), 47-52.

The performance of two ectomycorrhizae Pisolithus tinctorius (Pi) and Laccaria laccata (LI) in promoting plant growth in kail pine (Pinus wallichiana) seedlings was assessed under different soil moisture regimes. The plants raised under 5% soil moisture condition wilted during the study period. Pt inoculated plants exhibited significantly better shoot length, root length and dry biomass at 100 and 50% soil moisture levels than under rain-fed or 20% soil moisture condition. Pt inoculated plants raised in soil having 20% moisture yielded 39.4, 32.5 and 39.9% less shoot length, root length and dry biomass than rain-fed plants. Under rain-fed condition mycorrhizal plants exhibited significant improvement in growth and biomass than non-mycorrhizal plants. The study revealed that the association of mycorrhiza not only increases nutrient mobilization ability in kail pine but a/so enhances plant ability to tolerate moisture-stress condition.

2 tables, 23 ref

020692   Bakshi M (Plant Physiology (Botany Div), Forest Research Institute, Uttarakhand) : Effect of leaf area on rooting and growth of single nodal cuttings of Dalbergia sissoo Roxb. (Shisham). Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 519-23.

Single nodal softwood cuttings of Dalbergia sissoo obtained from vegetative multiplication garden (VMG) with 100%, 50% and 0% leaf area representing full leaf, half leaf and leafless cuttings were propagated under mist chamber following treatment with Indole butyric acid (IBA) 2000 ppm. After six weeks of planting, data on rooting, sprouting and allied parameters was noted. The best rooting and sprouting was observed in 100% (Full) leaf area in almost all clones followed by 50% (Half) leaf area. Cuttings without leaf showed poor response in some clones or died in others. Analysis of variance revealed significant variation among clones and leaf areas.

2 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

020691   Bagewadi P;Thoke R B (Botany Dep, Yashvantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Comparative study of mycoflora associated with some solanaceous vegetables.. Bioinfolet 2009, 6(2), 143-4.

Fruit samples of Chilli, Tomato and Brinjal were collected from Satara and examined for associated mycoflora by humid chamber and agar plate methods. In all, 13 genera with 51 species of fungi were found to be associated with the fruits. Among them Aspergillus (16), Fusarium (9), Alternaria (7), Rhizopus (6), Cladosporium (3) and 2 species each of Mucor, Penicillium and one each of Actinomucor, Corynespora, Colletotrichum, Choanephora, Drechslera, Scoleceobasidiella were reported.

6 ref

020690   Apate S A;Kulkarni G S;Patwardhan M M (Botany Dep, Gogate - Jogalekar College, Ratnagiri-415 612) : Vegetation of some plateaus nearby Ratnagiri (Maharashtra). Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 209-12.

District Ratnagiri is a narrow coastal belt between vast Arabian Sea on western side and the hill ranges of Sahyadri to eastern side. It abounds in a variety of medicinal, insectivorous plants, some being endemic. The study reveals occurrence of 23 medicinal plant species, 3 insectivorous plant species, 1 endemic species viz. Dipcadi cocanensis and 1 highly endemic species viz. Camptorhiza indica. The increased human activities at various places are causing disturbances to this valuable vegetation. In this paper an attempt has been made to highlight the present status of vegetation at four different plateaus of Ratnagiri.

3 tables, 4 ref

020689   Antony R (NO, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thriuvananthapuram, Kerala) : Frond proliferation in Asplenium phyllitidis D. Don-A rare feron of South India. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 617-18.

Frond proliferation in Asplenium phyllitidis D. Don is reported for first time. Observation and brief Taxonomic description are provided.

2 ref

020688   Ahire P P;Kadam V B (P.G. Dep of Botany, K.T.H.M. College, Nashik-422 002, Email: drvbkadam@yahoo.co.in) : Occurrence, seasonal variation and diurnal periodicity studies in the incidence of airborne smut spores. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 503-4.

Occurrence, seasonal variation and diurnal periodicity in the incidence of air borne smut spores are described here for the first time from Nashik - a emerging metro from the North Maharashtra. Smut spores occurred in both consecutive years. Minimum percentage in the month of May and maximum in the month of February. Peak concentration of these spores occurred at 14.00 hours.

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020687   Ahire D U (Botany Dep, M.S.G. College, Malegaon Camp-423 203) : Some traditionally used medicinal plants in Nasik district (M.S.), India. Pl Archs 2009, 9(1), 499-500.

The paper reviews the medicinal plants traditionally used by the local community in Nasik district (Maharashtra), India. A collection of 180 plants was made from Igatpuri, Trimbak, Harsul, Umbarthan, Bharsinghi hill, Dangsuadane, Ambewani, Vaitarna, Kalzer, Sindewadikuran, Kalsubai hill, Peith and Kumbhala. They were identified with the help of floras (Almeida, 1990;Cooke, 1967; Hooker, 1897; John, 1993;Lakshminarsimhan&Sharma, 1991;Naik, 1999; Shah, 1978). Some of the plants are traditionally used by the local community for various ailments.

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020686   Agrawala D K;Chowdhery H J (Botanical Survey of India, Northern Circle, Dehra Dun-248 195) : Eulophia epidendraea (J. konig EX retz.) C.E.C. Fisch.-an addition to the orchid flora of Himalayan region. Indian J For 2008, 31(4), 629-32.

Eulophia epidendraea (J. Konig ex Retz.) C.E.C. Fisch. (Orchidaceae), so far known in India from peninsular regions is being reported for the first time from the Himalayan region. The same is described and illustrated here.

7 ref

020685   Aghajanzadeh T A;Jazayeri O;Jafari N (Biology Dep, Faculty of Basic Science, Mazandaan Univ, Babolsar, Iran, Email: T.Aghajanzadeh@umz.ac.ir) : Allelochemical stress of p-hydroxybenzoic acid on physiological factors in various rice (Oryza sativa L.). Ecol Envir Conserv 2008, 14(4), 801-7.

Benzole acids (BAs) are released by plants through leaching of leaf exudates and rhizodeposition. Most of them exert allelopathic effects, para hydroxybenzoic acid is one of the benzoic acid derivatives which involves in allelopathic phenomena. From the quantitation work on rice exudates, p-hydroxybenzoic acid(pHBA) identified as a key component distinguishing allelopathic potential between rice varieties. Although physiological responses of plants under action of pHBA were shown in some species but there is no many studies related to effect of pHBA on rice cultivars. Various rice (Oryza sativa L.) cultivars were used as the test species to investigate p-hydroxybenzoic acid (pHBA) effects on germination, seedling and adult plant growth factors. For germination, seeds were sterilized and then placed on Petri dish at 30°C at different concentrations (0, 10, 20 and 25 mmolL-l) for 7 d and growth factors of seedling were measured after 14 d. Seedling (10 d) planted in hydroponic medium with nutrient solution amended with 0, 25, 50 and 100 ppm pHBA concentrations. After 30 d, growth factors were determined.a-amylase and peroxidase activities were assayed by Bernfeld and Maehly methods, respectively. Our results revealed that germination percentage and a-amylase activity reduced inTaroom mahalli and Taroom deilamani but there was not same effect in Shafagh and Onda. We did not observe significant difference in germination rate with increasing concentrations of pHBA in any cultivars. In all cultivars, seedling growth factors such as shoot length, fresh weight and dry weight have reduced with increasing of pHBA as well as root growth factors. In none of cultivars, shoot growth factors in adult plant did not show significantly difference from 0 to 100 ppm pHBA concentrations but root length, dry and fresh weight reduced with increasing concentrations of pHBA. With regard to results it appears that root is more sensitive than shoot in seedling stage. It seems that improved cultivars are more resistant than traditional cultivars in germination stage but these cultivars have almost similar behavior in seedling and adult stages. With increasing concentrations of pHBA, chlorophyll content reduced; on the contrary, peroxidase activity increased.

6 tables, 47 ref

020684   Aggarwal R;Bhargava A K;Bhargava S (Botany Dep, M.S. College, Saharanpur, Uttar Predesh) : Seedling growth of Solanum nigrum, Linn in dark condition. Adv Pl Sci 2009, 22(1), 153.

Results shows that growth performance of medicinal plant Solanum nigrum increase with the age of plant.

1 table, 9 ref

019742   Vaz J;Sharma P K (Botany Dep, Goa University, Goa-403 206, Email: prabhat_k_sharma@rediffmail.com) : Photoinhibition and photosynthetic acclimation of rice (Oryza sativa L. cv Jyothi) plants grown under different light intensities and photoinhibited under field conditions. Indian J Biochem Biophys 2009, 46(3), 253-60.

Thirty-days old rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Jyothi) plants grown under the greenhouse (150-200 μmol m^-2 s^-1) or shade (600-800 μmol m^-2s^-1) were exposed to 7 days of full sunlight and compared with plants grown under direct sunlight (1200-2200 μmol m^-2s^-1).Transfer of greenhouse and shade plants to full sunlight for a day resulted in a decline in their photosynthetic efficiency (F_v/F_m) and an increase in non-photochemical quenching (qN). The decline in F_v/F_m was much greater in transferred greenhouse plants (33%) as compared to transferred shade-plants (20%). Sun-plants did not show much variation in the F_v/F_m ratio (4%) from their predawn measurements (control). The sun-grown plants showed a higher pool of xanthophyll pigments (violaxanthin + antheraxanthin + zeaxanthin). Transfer of greenhouse and shade-plants to full sunlight resulted in an increase in lutein, Chl a/b ratio, antheraxanthin (A) and zeaxanthin (Z) content. Increase in A and Z was correlated with the increase in the qN. The increase in the A and Z content was due to increase in the activity of violaxanthin de-epoxidase. Greenhouse and shade plants on exposure to sunlight showed an increase in lipid peroxidation (LPO). Prolonged exposure of greenhouse and shade plants up to 7 days resulted in recovery of the F_v/F_m, an increase in Z and A and a decline in the LPO. The study demonstrated that rice plants grown at lower light intensities initially underwent photoinhibitory damage on exposure to full sunlight, but were able to acclimate to the high irradiance by dissipating the excess light through various mechanisms such as an increase in lutein, high Chl a/b ratio and xanthophyll cycle, suggesting use of energy dissipation as a mechanism of protection against high irradiance, but to different extent and to some extent by different processes. The study was unique, as plants were grown and photoinhibited under natural conditions rather than the artificial light, as was the case in most of the studies so far. Results showed better adaptation of high-light grown plants and suggested role for chl a/b ratio and lutein, in addition to xanthophylls cycle in shade plants. Low-light grown plants could also completely adapt to full level of sunlight within 3 days of the treatment and xanthophylls cycle (measured as V, A and Z) and activity of de-epoxidase seemed to be important in this adaptation.

019741   Uma Shankar (Botany Dep, North-Eastern Hill University, Shillong-793 022, Email: arshuma@yahoo.com) : Blooming potential of the detached shoots of Cephalotaxus griffithii Hook. f.. Curr Sci 2008, 95(3), 320-1.

1 illus, 15 ref

019740   Sreekala A K;Pandurangan A G;Ramasubbu R; Kulloli S K (Plant Systematics and Evolutionary Science Div, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram-695 562, Email: balsams_india@yahoo.co.in) : Reproductive biology of Impatiens coelotropis Fisher, a critically endangered balsam from the Southern western ghats. Curr Sci 2008, 95(3), 386-8.

A study of floral phenology, pollination biology and breeding system of Impatiens coelotropis Fischer, an endemic and endangered balsam of Western Ghats was carried out in wild conditions. The flowers are beautifully coloured and open in the night between 2130 and 2330 h. Anther dehisced one day before flower opening, which confirmed the protandrous condition. Flowers offer pollen and nectar to the visitors, which include predominantly honeybees, hawk moths, butterflies, etc. It reproduces by means of cross-pollination. Manual pollinations revealed that the species permits only xenogamous pollination. The percentage of fruit set in manually pollinated flowers is higher than that resulting from open pollination. Its high altitude habitat, narrow environmental niche, fragmentation of population, poor fruit set, low percentage of seed germination and floral damage caused by the insects could be the reasons for its limited distribution in the wild.

1 illus, 3 tables, 14 ref

019739   Nair A S;Nair A S;Abraham T K;Jaya D S (Environmental Sciences Dep, University of Kerala, Kariavattom, Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala) : Physiological aspects, antioxidants and lipid peroxidation in Brunfelsia latifolia (Solanaceae) subjected to water deficit stress. Bull envir Sci 2007, 25(1), 77-83.

The pot study aimed to understand relative water content, proline, chlorophyll, lipid peroxidatio reaction and the antioxidant activity in tender and mature leaves of Brunfelsia latifolia during mild, moderate and severe water scarcity stress. Enzymatic antioxidants like catalase (E.C. 1.11.1.6), peroxidase (E.C.1.11.1.7), ascorbic acid oxidase (E.C.1.1 0.3.3), polyphenol oxidase (E.C. 1.14.1. and non-enzymatic antioxidants like ascorbic acid, glutathione, and phenol were analyzed for the study. As the stress progress, the soil moisture content, relative water content and chlorophyll content decreases. The concentration of proline and malondialdehyde increased with increased stress. The product of lipid peroxidation in severely stressed plant is significantly high (12.56μ0.04 μ M/100 g.f.wt. in tender leaf) compared with the control (3.801μ0.01 μ M/100 g.f.wt.). Enzymatic antioxidants like catalase, peroxidase, ascorbicacid oxidase and polyphenol oxidase showed increase in activity with increase in stress. The non- enzymatic antioxidants, phenol and glutathione get augmented while ascorbic acid decreased with increased stress. Study pointed out that the increase in water scarcity stress cause an increase in proline and lipid peroxidation reaction and in order to scavenge the stress induced lipid peroxidation byproducts the antioxidant level is also increased in stressed plants than the corresponding control. The ascorbic acid content got depleted because the ascorbic acid oxidase favors the ascorbate - glutathione cycle to over come the stress.

4 tables, 25 ref

019738   Mishra D N (Botany Dep, Abeda Inamdar Senior College, Pune 411 001, Email: drdeben108@gmail.com) : Medicinal plants for the treatment of fever (Jvaracikitsa) in the Madhavacikitsa tradition of India. Indian J Tradl Knowledge 2009, 8(3), 352-61.

The traditional knowledge of healing plants and their treatment methods are rooted in the Ayurvedic compendia (Sanskrit medical treaties) and in the unscripted dialects of the people in India. Scientific documentation of this vast information has been accelerated in the last few decades. Absolute correlation and correct taxonomic identification of the referred medicinal plants in the Sanskrit medical texts or of the spoken dialects have not been fully established. A first time study of the medicinal plants used for the treatment of fever (Jvaracikitsa) in Madhavacikitsa text, one of the most important post Caraka-Susruta Samhitas reveals that there are a total of 182 vernacular (Sanskrit) plant names in the text for the treatment of all major types of fever. These 182 plant names are actually of 105 medicinal plant species. These 105 plant species belong to 53 families; out of which a maximum of 10 species are from family Fabaceae, 6 from Asteraceae and 5 each from Verbenaceae, Euphorbiaceae and Poaceae. The literature search encountered several plants having one vernacular name with different botanical identifications and also a botanical identification has many vernacular names. The ambiguity is perhaps due to the regional interpolations and linguistic interpretations about the Sanskrit names and also possibly because of non-availability of any suitable ancient taxonomic or pharmacognostical record for the correct identification of these vernacular plant names.

019737   Lakshmi S;Sundaramoorthy P;Baskaran L;Sankar Ganesh K;Rajasekaran S;Sumathi K (NO, 1AA - Govt, Villupuram-605 602, Email: ppsmoorthy@yahoo.com) : Impact of briquetting and carbonization plant effluent on germination and seedling growth of groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) varieties. Bull envir Sci 2007, 25(1), 55-9.

The effect of different concentrations (control, 10, 25, 50, 75 and 100 per cent) of Briquetting and Carbonization plant effluent on seed germination, seedling growth and dry weight of five varieties of ground nut (Arachis hypogaea L. varieties ALR. 2 JL. 24 TMV. 10 VRI. 2 and VRI. 4) were studied. The lower concentration of the Briquetting and Carbonization effluent increased the percentage of germination, seedling growth and dry weight of all varieties of groundnut. But, the higher concentrations of the effluent decreased the above mentioned germination parameters. From germination study, the groundnut variety VRI. 4 was found to be more tolerant than other varieties studied.

2 tables, 20 ref

019736   Kharwar R N;Verma V C;Strobel G;Ezra D (Centre of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005, Email: rnkharwar@yahoo.com) : Endophytic fungal complex of Catharanthus roseus (L.) G. don. Curr Sci 2008, 95(2), 228-33.

Catharanthus roseus (L.) is well known for its produc-tion of several anticancerous vinca alkaloids such as vincristine, vindesine, vinorelbine, vinblastin, and the recently discovered vinflunine. This plant is a host to a plethora of endophytic fungi. A total 183 endophytic fungi representing 13 fungal taxa were isolated from leaf, stem and root tissues of C. roseus from two sites representing two different ecosystems in North India. Interestingly, with two exceptions (one coelomycete and one ascomycete), all of the isolates were Hypho-mycetes. Root tissues were heavily colonized by genera such as Alternaria, Cladosporium and Aspergillus. However, leaf tissues showed a greater diversity of endo-phytes and Drechslera, Curvularia, Bipolaris, Alternaria and Aspergillus spp. were the dominant fungi isolated. Interestingly, a fungus producing no fruiting structures was the most prevalent, isolated from C. roseus. On the basis of its partial ITS-5.8 S rDNA sequences, it was identified as Chaetomium globossum, with 99% sequence similarity (537/540). The species richness as well as frequency of colonization of endophytic fungi were pronounced in the root tissues at both sites (Loc 1, 38.6%; Loc 2, 33.7%). Study suggests that endo-phytes are both host- and tissue-specific. It also confirms that despite ecological variations, there were little differences in the species richness of fungal endo-phytes recovered from plants in the two different ecological sites.

1 illus, 3 tables, 23 ref

019735   Kalmath B;Mallik B;Srinivasa N (Entomology Dep, University of Agriculture Sciences, Bangalore-560 065, Email: baskalmath@rediffmail.com) : Mass production of Beauveria bassiana on liquid and solid media. Bull envir Sci 2007, 25(2), 149-53.

Study was conducted to test the production of Beauveria bassiana isolates Study revealed that the isolate of collected from Davangere (BBOAV) produced maximum wet weight (2.46 g / 50 ml), dry weight (0.27 g / 50 ml) with higher spore production of 133.49 spores/ ml fourteen days after inoculation. This was followed by Hassan (BBHAS), Mandy (BBMAN) and Mysore (BBMYS) and Chitradurga (BBCHI) isolates and least was found in Dharwad (BBOHA) isolate. Among the media used, Sabouraud maltose broth (SMB) was found better in terms of mycelial growth and spore production (2.44 g / 50 ml, 0.26 g / 50 ml, 164.64 x 106 spores / ml wet weight, dry weight and spore production respectively) compared to other liquid media Sabouraud dextrose broth (SOB), Potato dextrose broth (POB) and Potato carrot broth (PCB). Among the different grains used for mass production on solid media, maximum number of spores, 144.9 x 105 spore/ml, were produced on rice. Least spore production was observed on proso millet (8.5 x 105 spores /ml).

1 illus, 3 tables, 3 ref

019734   Kalmath B;Mallik B;Srinivasa N (Entomology Dep, University of Agriculture Sciences, Bangalore-560 065, Email: baskalmath@rediffmail.com) : Evaluation of Beaveria bassiana against Tetranychus urticae on french bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) under greenhouse. Bull envir Sci 2007, 25(2), 143-7.

Experiment was conducted during 2006 in the green house of Department of Entomology at GKVK, UAS, Bangalore-65 to know the effectiveness of Beauveria bassiana against T urticae. Different concentrations of the fungal isolate BBDAV-1 (B. bassiana collected from Daranagara of coconout unit) were tested against T urticae and the treatment with 1.5 x 10'0 spores/ml caused maximum infection of 75.00 per cent in adults within nine days after second spray, whereas in nymphs the same concentration caused up to 70.00 per cent and 78.40 per cent mortality, nine days after first and second sprays, respectively.

2 tables, 3 ref

018713   Zhang X;Chul H;Byung Y;Moon Myung O (Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100093, China) : On the fern genus Dryopteris adans. of korean peninsula and cheju island. Indian Fern J 2008, 25(1-2), 121-49.

Based on a critical study of the literature and specimens from Korea, Japan, Russian and China, we recognized 27 species and one variety of Dryopteris Korean Peninsula and Cheju Islands. An identification key to species is made. Taxonomical and nomenclaturel problems of some species are discussed. Excluded species and synonyms and are also listed.

19 ref

018712   Zhang X C;Chul H K;Moon Myung O;Byung Y S (Key Laboratory of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing-100 093) : On the fern genus Athyrium roth of korean peninsula and cheju island. Indian Fern J 2008, 25(1-2), 152-66.

Based on a critical study of the literature and specimens from Korea, Japan, Russia and China, we recognized 11 species of Athyrium from Korean Peninsula and Cheju Islands. An identification key to species is made. Taxonomical and nomenclatural problems of some species are discussed. Some new synonyms are proposed, and misidentifications in modern Korean flora are also corrected. Excluded species and synonyms are also listed.

11 ref

018711   Vyas M S (Botany Dep, S.P. Sr. S.M. Maha Vidyalaya, Jodhpur) : Phytochemistry of some pteridophytes of Rajasthan. Indian Fern J 2008, 25(1-2), 61-5.

Information is provided about the phytochemistry of 15 common ferns and fern allies found the slate of Rajasthan. The parameters studied arc chlorophylls, carotenoids, total aminoacids, soluble proteins, reducing sugars, total carbohydrates and glucosides. In majority of the laxa studied the vegetative and fertile portions show differences in amount of phytochemical status of the species. Some interesting observations are discussed.

27 ref

018710   Verma M P;Srivastava R B (Botany Dep, L.N. Tirhut College, Muzaffarpur-842 002, Email: mpverma1947@yahoo.com) : Observations on th morphology and ecology of Botrychium lanuginosum wall. ex hook. & Grev.. Indian Fern J 2008, 25(1-2), 87-93.

Botrychlum lanuginosum Wall, ex Hook. & Grev. is an annual herb with short erect rhizome and fleshy roots. Comparative rhizome, pinna, stipe length, spike and spore size have been critically examined for specimens collected from five places. Community structure has been examined which gives positive correlation. Spores are trilete with laesura length 12 μm and the exine is ornamented verrucately.

2 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

018709   Upadhyay N V;Patel D H;Macwan S J;Patel M A; Patel S A;Punjani N H;Sriram S (Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Projects, Anand Agricultural Univ, Anand-388 110, Email: drnvupadhyay@yahoo.com) : Effect of removal of inflorescence (Topping) on yield and yield attributes of safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum). J Res Educ Indian Med 2008, 14(2), 7-10.

Safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) belong to the family liliaceae. It is distributed in India mainly the Southern Rajasthan, Western Madhya Pradesh and North Gujarat. The dried deskinned safed musli (fasciculated root) is well known tonic and aphrodisiac drug given to cure general debility. Safed musli can be propagated both by seeds and fasciculated roots. It is known that reproductive phase in the life cycle consumes much of the stored food and energy. Experiments have proved that by removing the inflorescence (topping) the photosynthetic from the source (leaf) can be diverted to sink storage (fasciculated root) for increase productivity. Field experiment was conducted for two years at Anand Agricultural University, Anand to find out the effect of removing the inflorescence (topping) of the safed musli (Chlorophytum borivilianum) during the kharif (15 June to October) season. The 29.5% yields were increased by the topping removal of inflorescence treatment over the non-topping treatment (inflorescence left intact). The growth attributes (leaf area index, leaf area duration, leaf area ratio, net assimilation rate and relative growth rate) were significantly higher in the case of removed inflorescence (topping).

3 tables, 10 ref

018708   Tiwari I;Srivastava R B (Botany Dep, L.N.T. College, Muzaffarpur, Bihar) : Fern and fern-allies of Sitamarhi, a Bordering district of Indo-Nepal border. Indian Fern J 2008, 25(1-2), 116-19.

Detailed survey of the fern flora of Sitamarhi district (lying adjacent of Indo-Nepal border of Bihar state) is a pioneering effort in exploring the pteridophytic vegetation. This floristically virgin area some times witnesses heavy rains and floods. In spite of inundated region, scanty drainage, usar, chaurs and diara and fern-allies belonging to eleven families have been collected and analysed for morphology, ecology and palynology aspects.

2 tables, 6 ref

018707   Tatiya A U;Saluja A K (Pharmacognosy Dep, R. C. Patel College of Pharmacy, Shirpur (Dhule)-425 405, Email: aniltatiya@rediffmail.com) : Physico-chemical properties and antioxidant activity of mucilage polysaccharides from Machilus macrantha Bark. J Res Educ Indian Med 2008, 14(2), 1-6.

Mucilage from the water extract of bark of Machilus macrantha was isolated and purified by ethanol precipitation and delignification. Qualitative and quantitative analysis of sugars were identified by using HPTLC. The antioxidant effects of Mucilage were evaluated against DPPH, Nitric oxide, reducing power and lipid peroxidation model. The IC50 of mucilage was 58.01, 52.45 and 47.08 μg/ml respectively. The IC₅₀ stands for the concentration required for 50% scavenging activity. The results demonstrated that 16-20% of mucilage was present in the bark in which arabinose and xylose were present as sugars molecule. The antioxidant results suggested that mucilage of Machilus macrantha might play an important role in free radical scavenging activity.

4 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref