022330   Bhide S;Datar V M;Jena S;Kalmani S D;Mondal N K;Padmashree G K;Satyanarayana B;Shinde R R;Verma P (High Energy Physics Dep, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Colaba, Mumbai-400 005, Email: bsn@tifr.res.in) : Preliminary results from India-based neutrino observatory detector R&D programme. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(6), 1015-23.

Develops and studies the performance of glass RFC prototypes, under the INO detector R&D programme. They are success in building and characterising a large number of chambers using local glass, these have met with severe aging problems after a few months of continuous operation. Then builts a couple of RPCs using a Japanese glass. Reports on the long term stability tests of these RPCs. Also presents some of our recent results on tracking of cosmic ray muons in a stack of glass RPCs.

5 illus, 7 ref

022329   Bharat Singh;Rajput B S (Prince Institute of Innovative Technology, D-16, Sector-9, New Vijay Nagar, Ghaziabad) : Phase operator associated with harmonic oscillator. Acta Cienc Indica-Phys 2008, 52(2), 175-83.

The quantum phase operator contained in polar decomposition of the annihilation and creation operators associated with harmonic oscillator has been analyzed and it has been shown that the non-vanishing analytic index for harmonic oscillator leads to an alternative class of quantum anomalies.

14 ref

022328   Benjamin C;Jayannavar A M (Centre de Physique Theorique, CNRS.UMR 6207-Case 907, , , Email: cbiop@yahoo.com) : Mesoscopic aharonov-bohm effect. Phys Educ 2007, 24(2), 139-47.

The Aharonov-Bohm effect applied to electrons is another version of the double slit experiment. This effect has the advantage that the phase difference between the two paths can be adjusted by applying a magnetic field which threads the ring. Even when the field is confined to the interior of the opening in the ring and cannot affect the electron's motion directly, the Aharonov-Bohm effect will make the phase difference dependent on the magnetic flux inside the ring.

3 illus, 26 ref

022327   Behnke T;Gaede F;Desy H (NO, Deutsches Elektronen Synchroton, Notkestrasse 65, D-22603 Hamburg, Germany, Email: ties.behnke@desy.de) : Software for the international linear collider: simulation and reconstruction frameworks. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(6), 1089-92.

Software plays an increasingly important role already in the early stages of a large project like the ILC. In international collaboration a data format for the ILC detector and physics studies has been developed. Building upon this software frameworks are made available which ease the event reconstruction and analysis.

10 ref

022326   Behera H;Mukhopadhyay G (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Powai, Mumbai-400 076, Email: harihar@phy.iitb.ac.in) : On the invariance of the speed of light. Phys Educ 2007, 24(3), 177-80.

The invariance of the speed of light in all inertial frames - the second postulate of special theory of relativity (STR) - is shown to be an inevitable consequence of the relativity principle of special theory of relativity taken in conjunction with the homogeneity of space and time in all inertial fames, i.e., the 1st postulate of STR. The new approach presented here renders the learning of special theory of relativity logically simpler, as it makes use of only one postulate.

12 ref

022325   Basu P K (Institute of Radio Physics and Electronics, Univ of Calcutta, 92, Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700 009, Email: pkb.rpe@caluniv.ac.in) : Silicon photonics. Resonance 2007, 12(10), 37-46.

The increased use of optoelectronic devices such as TV screens and computer monitors in everyday life, calls for a material on which integration of all circuits may be performed. Silicon, the most widely used material in electronics, has limited application in optoelectronics due to its poor light emission property. In this article, the need for silicon photonics in present day ICs, and communication, the reason for its inefficient light emission, and recent breakthrough in the form of Si Raman laser are discussed.

9 ref

022324   Bammannavar B K;Naik L R;Pujar R B;Chougule B K (PG Department of Studies in Physics, Karnatak Univ, Dharwad-580 003, Email: naik_36@rediffmail.com) : Preparation, characterization and physical properties of Mg-Zn ferrites. Indian J Engng Mater Sci 2007, 14(5), 381-5.

Polycrystalline nano-sized ferrites with the general chemical formula Mg_1-x Zn_x Fe₂O₄ (where x = 0.1, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4 and 0.5) have been prepared from a simple polymer matrix based precursor solution. The solution was composed of metal nitrates with polymer PVA and Sucrose. Thermolysis of the precursor mass at about 773 K resulted in the oxide phase. Samples of ferrites were characterized by various experimental techniques including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction studies, IR studies and VSM (vibrating sample magnetometer) analysis. The variation of resistivity with temperature shows the break at Curie temperature, indicating the transition from ferrimagnetism to paramagnetism however; the effects of porosity on electric and magnetic properties of the ferrite samples are also discussed.

5 illus, 4 tables, 24 ref

022323   Bambade P;Drugakov V;Lohmann W (Lal, Universite Paris-Sud 11, Batiment 200, 91898 Orsay Cedex, France, Email: wlo@ifh.de) : Impact of BeatmCal performance at different international linear collider beam parameters and crossing angles on τ searches. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(6), 1123-7.

The ILC accelerator parameters and detector concepts are still under discussion in the world-wide community. As shown, the performance of the BeamCal, the calorimeter in the very forward area of the ILC detector, is very sensitive to the beam parameter and crossing angle choices. Proposes BeamCal designs for small (0 or 2 mrad) and large (20 mrad) crossing angles and report about the veto performance study done. As an illustration, the influence of several proposed beam parameter sets and crossing angles on the signal-to-background ratio in the stau search is estimated for a particular realization of the supersymmetric model.

2 illus, 2 tables, 9 ref

022322   Ashok Kumar;Jha B K (Physics Dep, M.R.J.D. College, Bishnupur, Begusarai (Bihar)) : Nuclear magnetic moment as described on the basis of relativistic mean field. Acta Cienc Indica-Phys 2008, 52(2), 135-44.

Introduces the genera! form of effective magnetic moment operator as a linear combination of spin, angular momentum and tensor operators, where respective coefficients depend on nuclear structure of individual nucleons. Omitting, meson exchange current and other small corrections, the major correction is due to configuration mixing and core polarization. The relativistic mean field theory predicts some undesirable enhancement due to iso-scalar find iso-vector orbital and spin magnetic moments. Defines an, effective mean cf single valence nucleon and a simple analytic relation between (magnetic moment) and effective mass.

2 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

022321   Arunagiri C;Seshadri S (Physics Dep, Government Arts College, Ariyalur-621 713) : Vibrational spectral studies of 8-hydroxy quinoline 3-acetic acid. Acta Cienc Indica-Phys 2008, 52(2), 117-20.

The vibrational (IR) Spectra of 8-Hydroxy Quinoline 3-acetic acid have reported in the region 300-4000 cm^-1 8-Hydroxy Quinoline 3-acetic acid compound play an using KBr pellet. 8-Hydroxy Quinoline 3-acetic acid compound play an important role in pharmaceutical industry. The observed fundamental bands were assigned assuming the molecules under point group. These bands have been correlated with various modes of vibrations reported in the literature.

2 illus, 1 table, 6 ref

022320   Appleby R;Bambade P (NO, The University of Manchester and the Cockcroft Institute, Oxford Road, Manchester, Email: r.b.appleby@dl.ac.uk) : New final doublets and power densities for the international linear collider small crossing angle layout. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(6), 1119-22.

Uses current and proposed final doublet magnet technologies to reoptimise the interaction region of the international linear collider and reduce the power losses. The result is a set of three new final doublet layouts with improved beam transport properties. The effect of localised power deposition and it's reduction using tungsten liners are considered.

2 tables, 4 ref

022319   Anand M Y;Kagali B A;Shashidhar N (Physics Dep, Bangalore University, Bangalore-560 056) : Simple experiment for determining solar declination. Phys Educ 2007, 24(2), 133-8.

If simple observational exercise that can be performed by college students, with low-cost equipment, to determine the declination of the sun on a given day is described. This exercise would be able to educate students about various astronomical concepts like the celestial equator, the polar axis, hour angle, zenith angle, declination etc. with minimum effort.

6 illus, 1 table, 1 ref

022318   Ajith Kumar B P;Satyanarayana V V V;Singh K (NO, Inter University Accelerator Centre, New Delhi-110 067) : Innovative science experiments using PHOENIX. Phys Educ 2007, 24(2), 153-62.

A simple, flexible and cost effective hardware lust software framework. Phoenix, for developing computer interfaced science experiments is presented. It can be used for developing computer interfaced science experiments without getting into the details of electronics or computer programming. For developing experiments this is a middle path between the push-button systems and the develop-from-scratch approach. Emphasis is on leveraging the power of personal computer for experiment control, data acquisition and the mathematical analysis of data. This article explains the architecture of Phoenix along with some sample experiments. Phoenix is developed at Inter-University Accelerator Centre, an autonomous research institute of University Grants Commission. India. providing particle accelerator based research facilities to the Universities. The hardware uses only locally available components and the design is freely available.

5 illus, 9 ref

021269   Zaki M F;Abdel-Naby A;Ahmed Morsy A (Experimental Nuclear Physics Dep, Nuclear Research Center, Atomic Energy Authority, P.O. 13759 Abu Zaabal, Cairo, Egypt, Email: moha1016@yahoo.com) : Single-sheet identification method of heavy charged particles using soild state nuclear detectors. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 191-8.

The theoretical and experimental investigations of the penetration of charged particles in matter played a very important role in the development of modern physics. Solid state nuclear track detectors have become one of the most important tools for many branches of science and technology. An attempt has been made to examine the suitability of the single-sheet particle identification technique in CR-39 and CN-85 polycarbonate by plotting track cone length vs. residual range for different heavy ions in these detectors. So, the maximum etchable ranges of heavy ions such as ⁹³Nb, ⁸⁶Kr and ⁴He in CR-39 and ⁴He and ¹³²Xe in CN-85 polycarbonate have been determined. The ranges of these ions in these detectors have also been computed theoretically using the Henke-Benton program. A reasonably good agreement has been observed between the experimentally and theoretically computed values.

5 illus, 2 tables, 13 ref

021268   Yusoff A R M;Syahrul M N;Henkel K (Physics Dep, Science Malaysia Univ, Penang, Malaysia, Email: abdrashid_4@yahoo.com) : Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon germanium thin films. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 285-300.

Hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon germanium thin films (nc-SiGe:H) is an interesting alternative material to replace hydrogenated nanocrystalline silicon (nc-Si:H) as the narrow bandgap absorber in an a-Si/a-SiGe/nc-SiGe(nc-Si) triple-junction solar cell due to its higher optical absorption in the wavelength range of interest. In this paper, we present results of optical, structural investigations and electrical characterization of nc-SiGe:H thin films made by hot-wire chemical vapor deposition (HWCVD) with a coil-shaped tungsten filament and with a disilane/germane/hydrogen gas mixture. The optical band gaps of a-SiGe:H and nc-SiGe:H thin-films, which are deposited with the same disilane/germane/hydrogen gas mixture ratio of 3.4:1.7 : 7, are about 1.58 eV and 2.1 eV, respectively. The nc-SiGe:H thin film exhibits a larger optical absorption .coefficient of about 2-4 in the 600-900 nm range when compared to nc-Si:H thin film. Therefore, a thinner nc-SiGe:H layer of ~500 nm thickness may be sufficient for the narrow bandgap absorber in an a-Si based multiple-junction solar cell. We enhanced the transport properties as measured by the photoconductivity frequency mixing technique. These improved alloys do not necessarily show an improvement in the degree of structural heterogeneity on the nanometer scale as meastired by small-angle X-ray scattering. Decreasing both the filament temperature and substrate temperature produced a film with relatively low structural heterogeneity while photolumines-cence showed an order of magnitude increase in defect density for a similar change in the process.

13 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

021267   Yang W;Joshi A;Xiao M (Physics Dep, Arkansas Univ, Fayetteville, AR 72701, USA, Email: wyang@soe.ucsc.edu) : Single-photon all-optical switching using coupled microring resonators. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 219-28.

Study the nonlinear phase response of a microring resonator coupled to a bus waveguide and the use of this nonlinear phase shift to store information in the microring resonator and enhance the switching characteristics of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer (MZI). By introducing coupling between adjacent microring resonators, the switching characteristics of the MZI can be exponentially enhanced as a function of the number of microring resonators, when compared to the linear enhancement for uncoupled resonators. With only a few moderate-finesse microring resonators, the switching power can be reduced to attowatt level, allowing for photonic switching devices that operate at single-photon level in ordinary optical waveguides.

4 illus, 22 ref

021266   Yadav R P;Sharma A;Vats R P;Rawat P S (Physics Dep, Govt. P.G. College, Bisalpur (Pilibhit)-262 201, Email: rpyadav93pphysics@yahoo.co.in) : Effect of axial magnetic field on weak cylindrical shock in dusty gas. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 331-42.

Ignoring the effect of overtaking disturbances, the weak cylindrical shock propagating in a dusty gas in presence of constant axial magnetic field has been investigated by Chester-Chisnell-Whitham method. The analytical relations for shock velocity and shock strength have been derived. The relations so obtained are analyzed for very small to large size particles (Neno to macro size particles). It is found that shock velocity, shock strength and flow variables decrease with the increase in magnetic field.

20 illus, 4 tables, 12 ref

021265   Usha Kiran K;Yadahalli R M;Vani R M;Hunagund P V (Applied Electronics Dep, Gulbarga University, Gulbarga-585 106, Email: prabhakar_hunagund@yahoo.co.in) : Compact broadband stacked dual wide slit loaded rectangular microstrip antenna. Indian J Radio Space Phys 2008, 37(5), 366-9.

Compact broadband stacked dual wide slit loaded rectangular microstrip antenna is designed, fabricated and studied experimentally. The design consists of stacking (h = 3.2 mm) of two dual wide slit loaded rectangular microstrip patches of the same size. The parametric analysis was carried out by varying slit width and slit length of dual wide slits. This stacked dual wide slit loaded rectangular microstrip antenna gives a broad bandwidth of 27% and 24% reduction in antenna size. The obtained bandwidth also covers the frequency range of wireless local area network applications.

021264   Turgut U;Simsek O;Buyukkasap E (Physics Education Dep, Education Faculty, Ataturk Univ-25240, Erzurum, Turkey, Email: umitturgut2000@yahoo.com) : Measurement of mass attenuation coefficients in some Cr, Co and Fe compounds around the absorption edge and the validity of the mixture rule. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 199-207.

The total mass attenuation coefficients for elements Cr, Co and Fe and compounds CrCl₂, CrCl₃, Cr₂(SO₄)3K₂SO₄-24H₂O, CoO, CoCl₂, Co(CH₃COO)₂, FePO₄, FeCl₃.6H₂ O, Fe(SO₄)2NH₄-12H₂ were measured at different energies between 4.508 and 14.142 keV using secondary excitation method. Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Se, Br, Rb, Sr were chosen as secondary exciters. 59.5 keV γ-rays emitted from a ²⁴¹Am annular source were used to excite a secondary exciter and K_α(K-L₃, L₂) lines emitted by the secondary exciter were counted by a Si(Li) detector with a resolution of 160 eV at 5.9 keV. It was observed that mixture rule method is not a suitable method for determination of the mass attenuation coefficients of compounds, especially at an energy that is near the absorption edge. The obtained values were compared with theoretical values.

2 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

021263   Sumayya A;Yohannan Panicker C;Varghese H T; Harikumar B (Physics Dep, TKM College of Arts and Science, Kollam, Kerala, Email: cyphyp@rediffmail.com) : Vibrational spectroscopic studies and AB initio calculations of L-glutamic acid 5-amide. Rasayan J Chem 2008, 1(3), 548-55.

The vibrational wavenumbers and corresponding vibrational assignments of L-Glutamic Acid 5-amide are examined theoretically using the Gaussian 03 set of quantum chemistry codes. Comparison of the observed IR and Raman spectra with the calculated results by Hartree-Fock method is found in agreement with the experimental data. Theoretical infrared and Raman intensities are reported.

1 illus, 2 tables, 23 ref

021262   Subha P A;Jisha C P;Kuriakose V C (Physics Dep, Cochin Univ of Science and Technology, Kochi-682 022, Email: pasubha@gmail.com) : Nonlinearity management and diffraction management for the stabilization of two-dimensional spatial solitons. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 229-39.

The nonlinear Schrodinger equation which governs the dynamics of two-dimensional spatial solitons in Kerr media with periodically varying diffraction and non-linearity has been analyzed in this paper using variational approach and numerical studies. Analytical expressions for soliton parameters have been derived using variational analysis. Variational equations and partial differential equation have been simulated numerically. Analytical and numerical studies have shown that nonlinearity management and diffraction management stabilize the pulse against decay or collapse providing undisturbed propagation even for larger energies of the incident beam.

11 illus, 28 ref

021261   Singh Y P;Singh R A (Physics Dep, Govt. Women's Polytechnic College, Sagar-470 001, Email: y_p_s_2k@yahoo.com) : Numerical simulation of the internal vibrations of OH group in amino-salicylic acids. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 185-8.

The IR spectra of amino substituted salicyclic Acids recorded by FT1R spectrometer and also simulated theoretically. The simulation were performed using GF matrix and AMI. PM3. DFT method. In this work following steps were taken: optimizing the geometry, computing the IR spectra and comparing it with experimental spectra. Assuming C_s point symmetry, vibrational assignments for the observed frequencies have been proposed. The spectra exhibit distinct features originating from low frequency vibrational modes caused bv mtra-molecular motion.

3 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

021260   Singh T;Chaubey R (Applied Mathematics Dep, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu Univ, Varanasi-221 005, Email: drtrilokisingh@yahoo.co.in) : Bianchi type-I, V and VIo models in modified generalized scalar-tensor theory. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 159-66.

In modified generalized scalar-tensor (GST) theory, the cosmological term <65> is a function of the scalar field φ and its derivatives φ². We obtain exact solutions of the field equations in Bianchi Type-I, V and VIo space-times. The evolution of the scale factor, the scalar field and the cosmological term has been discussed. The Bianchi Type-I model has been discussed in detail. Further, Bianchi Type-V and VIo models can be studied on the lines similar to Bianchi Type-I model.

20 ref

021259   Shelke R E;Bhuyar L B (Principal, Govt. I.T.I. (Girls) Morshi Road, Amravati-444 603, Email: samryr@rediffmail.com ) : Heat transfer enhancement between impinging circular air jet and flat plate using cubical finned surfaces. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 313-20.

An experimental investigation is performed to study the effect of the finned (rough) surface on the local heat transfer coefficients between the impinging circular air jet and flat plate. Reynolds number is varied between 7000 and 30000 based on the nozzle exit condition and jet to plate spacing between 0.5 to 6 times of the nozzle diameter. The fins used are in the form of cubes of 2 mm size spaced at a pitch of 5 mm on the target plate. It is observed that the different shape of the fins cause different effects on the heat transfer coefficient between the impinging jet and the target plate. The increase in the heat transfer coefficient up to 70 % depending on the shape of the fin, nozzle plate spacing and the Revnolds number is observed in case of finned surfaces.

4 illus, 13 ref

021258   Sharma H;Prakash S (Applied Science Dep, Rayat and Bahra Institute of Engineering and Bio-Technology, Sahauran, Mohali-140 104, Email: hitesh@rbiebt.ac.in) : Atomic displacements due to interstitial hydrogen in Cu and Pd. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 255-65.

The density functional theory (DFT) is used to study the atomic interactions in transition metal-based interstitial alloys. The strain field is calculated in the discrete lattice model using Kanzaki method. The total energy and hence atomic forces between interstitial hydrogen and transition metal hosts are calculated using DFT. The norm-conserving pseudopotentials for H, Cu and Pd are generated self-consistently. The dynamical matrices are evaluated considering interaction up to first nearest neighbors whereas impurity-induced forces are calculated with M₃₂H shell (where M = Cu and Pd). The atomic displacements produced by interstitial hydrogen at the octahedral site in Cu and Pd show displacements of 7.36% and 4.3% of the first nearest neighbors respectively. Both Cu and Pd lattices show lattice expansion due to the presence of hydrogen and the obtained average lattice expansion ΔV/V = 0.177 for Cu and 0.145 for Pd.

3 tables, 20 ref

021257   Sharma A K (Physics Dep, M.D. Univ, Rohtak) : Effect of dye concentration on nitrogen laser threshold pump intensity in six rigid and non-rigid coumarin dyes. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 209-12.

The effect of dye concentration on N₂-laser threshold exciting intensity in rigid dyes (C-480 and C-540A) and non-rigid dyes (C-440, C-460, C-485 and C-500) dissolved in ethanol has been studied by Amplified Spontaneous Emission (ASE) technique under pulsed N2-laser excitation. The dye concentrations used were in the range 10^-5M to 10^-2M. The results were interpreted on the basis of molecular dye structures, excited state absorption and twisted intra-molecular charge transfer.

3 illus, 12 ref

021256   Sethuraman J (4/71 Kurinji Nagar, B Block, Reserve Line, Madurai-625 014, Email: sethunirmala@yahoo.com) : New approach to damped harmonic oscillator. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 177-82.

A new approach is made in discussing the theory of damped harmonic oscillator (DHO) through convolution method known in Fourier transform technique. This approach serves as a good application to illustrate the use of convolution.

7 ref

021255   Seshadri T R (Physics Dep, Delhi Univ, Delhi-110 007, Email: trs@physics.du.ac.in) : Some classic problems. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 211-15.

2 ref

021254   Senapati K;Budhani R C (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, Kanpur-208 016, Email: rcb@iitk.ac.in) : Appearance of an inhomogeneous superconducting state in La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃-YBa₂CU₃O₇-La_{0. 67}Sr_0.33MnO₃ trilayers. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 267-75.

Experimental study of proximity effect in La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃-YBa₂Cu₃O₇-La_{0. 67}Sr_0.33MnO₃ trilayers is reported. Transport measurements on these samples show clear oscillations in critical current (I_c) as the thickness of La_0.67Sr_0.33MnO₃ layers (df) is scanned from <126>50 A to <126>1100 A. In the light of existing theories of ferromagnet-superconductor (FM-SC) heterostructures, this observation suggests a long range proximity effect in the manganite, modulated by its weak exchange energy (<126>2 meV). The observed modulation of the magnetic coupling between the ferromagnetic LSMO layers as a function of d_f, also suggests an oscillatory behavior of the SC order parameter near the FM-SC interface.

4 illus, 34 ref

021253   Rawat D;Khan I A;Sadhna Singh;Gaur N K (Physics Dep, Saifia P.G. College of Science and Education, Bhopal-462 001) : Anharmonic properties of cesium halides. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 203-8.

The Anharmonic properties of mixed halide crystals are investigated using a three-body interaction potential. This includes the prediction of third order elastic constant (TOEC), Fourth order elastic constant (FOEC) and pressure derivatives of second order elastic constant (SOEC) and third order elastic constant (TOEC). The Agreement between experimental and theoretical results is, generally good. The inclusion of Anharmonic terms in the potential might lead to further improvements.

5 tables, 25 ref

021252   Ravi S;Subramanian P (Physics Dep, Gandhigram Rural Univ, Gandhigram-624 302, Email: psmanian_gri@yahoo.com) : Theoretical explanation of electron paramagnetic resonance and optical parameters for Cu<. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 313-16.

The EPR parameters, anisotropic g-factors g_x, g_y and g_z for Cu²⁺ ion and hyperfine structure constants A_x, A_y and A_z for Cu²⁺ in LiNbO₃ crystal are calculated by the method of diagonalizing the full Hamiltonian matrix. The crystal-field parameters contact with the crystal structure by the aid of the superposition model. The optical transition parameters are calculated using Zhao crystal-field model. The calculated results are in good agreement with the observed values. The results are discussed.

1 table, 22 ref

021251   Raj Kumar;Pandey D N;Shukla S R (Reader, Physics and Electronics Dep, Dr. R.M.L. Avadh Univ, Faizabad) : Study of transmittance and quantum efficiency of alkali halide crystals. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 247-50.

Studied theoretically the variation of transmit-tance and quantum efficiency with wavelength in the spectral range of 53.6 to 174.4 nm for various photocathode materials (Csl, KI and KBr) for different thickness.

3 illus, 15 ref

021250   Puzhakkal S M;Bannur V M (Physics Dep, Calicut Univ, Malappuram-673 635, Email: udayanandan_km@redffmail.com) : qq Pair production in non-Abelian gauge fields. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 181-90.

Calculate the qq pair production probability in the colour-flux tube model by considering the effect of non-Abelian interactions in the theory. Non-Abelian interac-tions in the colour field are time-dependent and hence should oscillate with a characteristic frequency ω₀, which depends on the amplitude of the field strength. Using the WKB approximation in complex time, we calculated the pair production probability. When the strength of the field is comparable to the quark masses, the corresponding pair creation probability is maximum, and for the static field ω₀ → 0, recoveres the well-known Schwinger result.

1 table, 14 ref

021249   Palani R;Geetha A;Saravanan S;Shanbhag V (Physics Dep, D.D.E., Annamalai Univ, Annamalainagar-608 002, Email: palani_physics06@yahoo.co.in) : Intermolecular interactions of some amino acids in aqueous 1,4-dioxane solutions at 298.15K. Rasayan J Chem 2008, 1(3), 495-502.

Ultrasonic velocity (U), viscosity (η) and density (ρ) have been measured for three amino acids viz., L-serine, L-proline, L-histidine in aqueous 1,4-dioxane mixtures (0.6m) at 298.15K. Using the experimental values, the adiabatic compressibility (β), molal hydration number (n_H), apparent molal compressibility (φ_K), apparent molal volume (φ_V), limiting apparent molal compressibility (φ⁰_K), limiting apparent molal volume (φ⁰_V), their constants (S_K,S_V),and viscosity coefficients of A and B parameters of Jones-Dole equation were calculated and the results of these parameters have been discussed in terms of solute -solvent and solute-co-solute interactions.

3 tables, 26 ref

021248   Padmanabhan T (IUCA, , Pune-411 007, Email: nabhan@iucaa.ernet.in) : Surprise in the Kepler problem. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 191-4.

1 illus, 1 ref

021247   Niraj Singh;Virendra Singh (Physics Dep, T.D.P.G. College, Jaunpur-222 002) : Reflector antenna tolerance determination by gain measurement. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 273-8.

To predict the loss of Gain of antenna due to surface deviation which are not distributed uniformly over the aperture, an extension of Ruze Theory was presented. It is found that the assumption of uniform error distribution, in general underestimated the axial gain of antenna, whose surface deviation have regional variations over aperture. This effects becomes significantly only when the surface deviation cannot be considered small as compared to the wavelength. Furthermore, it is found that the assumption of a uniform distribution of error may have a significant effect on predicted scatter even when surface deviation are not large. Assuming that the deviations from uniform distribution are also random, a correction term to theory is also presented.

4 illus, 14 ref

021246   Naresh Kumar;Ahmad N;Meena L R;Roy Bhowmik S K;Hatwar H R (Meteorological Office, , Patiala) : Mathematical model for mountain wave in a stratified rotating atmosphere across western ghats. Mausam 2007, 58(3), 381-6.

ref

021245   Mondal K K (Physics Dep, Sovarani Memorial College, Dist. Howrah-711 408, Email: kalyan_mondal@vsnl.net) : Propagation of ion-acoustic waves in a dustry plasma with non-isothermal electrons. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 241-53.

For an unmagnetised collisionless plasma consisting of warm ions, non-isothermal electrons and cold, massive and charged dust grains, the Sagdeev potential equation, considering both ion dynamics and dust dynamics has been derived. It has been observed that the Sagdeev potential V(φ) exists only for φ <62> 0 up to an upper limit (φ ≈ 1.2). This implies the possibility of existence of compressive solitary wave in the plasma. Exhaustive numerics done for both the large-amplitude and small-amplitude ion-acoustic waves have revealed that various parameters, namely, ion temperature, non-isothermality of electrons, Mach numbers etc. have considerable impact on the amplitude as well as the width of the solitary waves. Dependence of soliton profiles on the ion temperature and the Mach number has also been graphically displayed. Moreover, incorporating dust-charge fluctuation and non-isothermality of electrons, a non-linear equation relating the grain surface potential to the electrostatic potential has been derived. It has been solved numerically and interdependence of the two potentials for various ion temperatures and orders of non-isothermality has been shown graphically.

8 illus, 20 ref

021244   Menon G I (The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani Post, Chennai-600 113) : Monte Carlo simulations. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 203-9.

Describes the basic ideas behind the Monte Carlo simulation technique, beginning with the applications of this technique to numerical integration and ending with a description of the technique as it is used in statistical mechanics. The emphasis is on the generality of the method and on the wide range of applications it has, some of which have little to do with physics.

021243   Mekarzia M;Guerti M;Guessoum A (Aeronautics Dep, Blida Univ, Algeria, Email: M_mekarzia@yahoo.fr) : Measure and identification of acoustic impulse responses by NLMS-DC. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 279-84.

Presents results for a realization of a system of measurement of acoustic impulse responses. The realization of a measuring bench makes it possible to measure the acoustic impulse response of a room with a dynamics of 48 dB by the method of identification by inter correlation of the signals tests. The latter proved to be better than the identification by the algorithm of the stochastic gradient with decreasing step (NLMS-DC) especially for the identification of impulse responses in the noised mediums.

5 illus, 3 tables, 16 ref

021242   Krishnakumar G;Padmanabhan C D (Meteorolgical Office, , Pune) : Variation of the temperature, wind and moisture over north and north last India during GEWEX 1998. Mausam 2007, 58(3), 386-90.

5 ref

021241   Kandpal D;Kalele S;Kulkarni S K (Physics Dep, G.B. Pant Univ of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 145, Email: d_kandpal77@rediffmail.com) : Synthesis and characterization of silica-gold core-shell (SiO₂@Au) nanoparticles. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 277-83.

Reports a systematic investigation of the growth and attachment of small gold nanoparticles to the functionalized surface of larger silica nanoparticles by three different methods. Nearly monodispersed silica particles and gold nanoparticles were prepared by sol-gel method. The size of the particle could be altered by changing the concentration of reactants, temperature and the time for which they react. The nanocore-shell particles prepared by three different methods were studied using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), UV-vis spectroscopy and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. it has found that the third method (c), a combination of the first two methods (a) and (b), has given better results.

7 illus, 14 ref

021240   Joag P S (Physics Dep, Pune Univ, Pune-411 007) : Pre-relativity and classical physics. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 157-62.

021239   Jamil U;Sarma J K (Physics Dep, Tezpur Univ, Napam, Tezpur-784 028, Email: jamil@tezu.ernet.in) : Regge behaviour of distribution functions and t and x-evolutions of gluon distribution function at low-x. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 167-80.

t and x-evolutions of gluon distribution function from Dokshitzer-Gribov-Lipatov-Altarelli-Parisi (DGLAP) evolution equation in leading order (LO) at low-x are presented assuming the Regge behaviour of quarks and gluons at this limit. We compare our results of gluon distribution function with MRST 2001, MRST 2004 and GRV 1998 parametrizations and show the compatibility of Regge behaviour of quark and gluon distribution functions with perturbative quantum chrornodynamics (PQCD) at low-x. Discuss the limitations of Taylor series expansion method used earlier to solve DGLAP evolution equations in the Regge behaviour of distribution functions.

3 illus, 41 ref

021238   Isinkaye M O;Ajayi J R (Physics Dep, Ado-Ekiti Univ, Ado-Ekiti (Nigeria)) : Characterization of radionuclides in rocks and sediments of Ikogosi warm spring in southwest Nigeria. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 219-24.

Rock and sediment samples were collected around Ikogosi warm spring (southwestern Nigeria) for characterization of the naturally occurring radionuclides by gamma ray spectrometric measurements using a highly sensitive HpGe detector. With the exception of two isotopes, the main radionuclides analyzed in the samples were the progenies of Uranium-238 and Thorium-232. The other two isotopes were the naturally occurring, none series potassium-40 and Uranium-235, which belong to the actinium decay series. K-40 has mean activity concentrations of 585.495±17.395Bq/kg and 113.886, ± 5.564Bq/kg for rock and sediment samples respectively. From 226Ra and its progenies, the total mean activity measured is 290.861±44.253Bq/kg for rocks and 77.672±19.366Bq/kg for sediments while 228Ac and its progenies have a total mean of247.607±16.171Bq/kg for rock samples and 97.581±10.511Bq/ kg for sediment samples. Uranium-235 contributes a total mean activity concentration of 8.425±0.780Bq/kg andl.314±0.316Bq/kg for rock and sediment samples respectively. The elevated levels of uranium and thorium isotopes could be attributed to the high monazite content in the rock samples of the study area. The average values of each of the radionuclides detected in rock samples were far more than those measured in the sediment samples.

1 illus, 2 tables, 18 ref

021237   Gupta S (Tata Institute Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai-400 005, Email: sgupta@theory.tifr.res.in) : Plasmas and dimensional analysis. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 149-55.

A plasma is any material which contains mobile charge carriers. examine the physics of plasmas using dimensional analysis to obtain two essential phenomena of plasma physics, namely, Debye screening and Landau damping. Shows how these phenomena carry over to relativistic quantum theories. Such relativisitic quantum plasmas are nowadays being studied in high energy physics labs.

021236   Faidah A (Physics Department Faculty of Science, King Abdul Aziz Univ, Jeddah, P.O. Box 80203 Jeddah 21589, (Saudi Arabia)) : Optical absorption of manganese phthalocyanine thin films in the UV-Vis and med-IR regions. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 179-84.

The optical absorption of thermally evaporated Manganese phthalocyanine (MnPe) in the UV-Vis and med IR regions were investigated. The infrared absorption (IR) spectra for MnPc powder and for asdeposited and annealed films were measured. The spectra allow characterization of vibrational modes in a spectral range of 500-1600 cm^-1. The absorption spectra recorded in the UV-Vis region for the as deposited and annealed films showed two well-defined absorption bands of phthalocyanine molecule, namely the Soret band (B) and the Q-band. Some of the important optical absorption parameters such as the molar extinction coefficient, Emolar. the oscillator strength, f, and the electric dipole strength of the principle optical transitions are evaluated. The fundamental and the onset energy gaps for the as deposited and annealed films are estimated.

4 illus, 3 tables, 18 ref

021235   Devlal K;Gupta B R K (Physics Dep, Maharaja Surajmal Institute of Technology, C-4 Janakpuri, New Delhi-110 058, Email: k_devlal@rediffmail.com) : Equation of state for inert gas solids. Pramana J Phys 2007, 69(2), 307-12.

The equation of state is a fundamental relation to analyse the thermophysical properties of different class of solids and it plays a key role in basic and applied condensed matter physics research. A lot of work has been done in the field of ionic solids, minerals and metals but a very little work is done in the field of inert gas solids. Most of the equations of state failed to explain the properties of inert gas solid because of their abnormal behavior in the low temperature range. la the present paper, Singh-Gupta equation of state has been used to study the properties of these solids, The results obtained using these equations have shown a good agreement with available experimental results. Thus it is shown that these equations of states successfully explain the behavior of inert gas solids.

6 illus, 3 tables, 22 ref

021234   Demirci N (Necatibey Faculty of Education, Balikesir Univ, 10100 Balikesir/Turkey, Email: ndemirci@yahoo.com) : Using joke tales to impact physics instruction: an example using concepts in acoustics. Phys Educ 2006, 23(3), 183-9.

Discuss the potential role of Joke Tales to improve physics teaching and/or learning. Wit, common sense, ingeniousness, ridicule and the kind of humor that reflects human psychology often indirectly helps the learning process. In this study approach or assertion is incorporation of traditional instruction interspersed with well-known but humorous tales like Nasreddin Hodja 's of Turkey, to teach some science concepts (here in topics related to Sound).

17 ref

021233   Dave P N;Parmar N J (Nirma University of Science and Technology, Chemical Engineering Dep, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad-382 481, Email: pragneshdave@hotmail.com) : Ultrasonic studies on dye stain removal by surfactants. Ultra Scient phys Sci 2007, 19(2), 321-6.

The ultrasonic velocities (U) and densities (p) have been measured for three surfactants, viz hexadecylpyridinium bromide (HPyBr), sodiumdodecylbenzene sulfonate (SDBS). and Trition X-100 (TX-100) with acridine orange in aqueous solutions in the absence and in the presence of protease at different time intervals at 298K and at pH 5.5.The surfactants chosen for the present work at different time intervals at 298K and at pH 5.5.The dye concentration has been maintained constant (5.0 x 10^-6 m) and the concentration of the surfactant maintained to critical micelle concentration. Acoustical parameters such as adiabatic compressibility intermolecular free length and acoustic impedance have been calculated. The ultrasonic studies disclose that protease can enhance the detergent action of surfactant.

1 illus, 1 table, 19 ref