014508   Sathyanarayana S;Sumithra S;Shanbhag S (NO, MPBIM, Bangalore, Email: mpbimsumsree@gmail.com) : Effects of individual dimensions of service quality in IRCTC by using servqual model with special reference to south western railway. Asian J Mgmt Res 2017, 7(3), 256-78.

To better customer's journey experience with Railways, IRCTC was started. Being the tourism arm of Indian Railways, IRCTC makes an essential commitment to general development of tourism in the nation. It is additionally concentrating on giving worth to cash administrations to center end local clients by its scope of visit bundles. Every customer has an ideal expectation of the service they want to receive when they avail any service. Service quality measures how well a service is delivered, compared to customer expectations. Organizations that meet or surpass desires are considered to have high service quality. The current empirical study has been undertaken to investigate the service quality dimensions that affects the customer's perception towards services offered by the IRCTC. For the purpose of the current study SERVQUAL scale has been utilised to measure the service gap. The sample size taken for the purpose of the study was 250 respondents. The values of Cronbach's a in this study for the 28 items was found to be .851. The collected data has been collated by SPSS software. Various statistical tools have been extensively used for the analysis of the collected data. We found a significant relationship between the demographic factors with various identified SERVQUAL dimensions. It was found from the study that the highest average gap was for the reliability followed by tangibles and empathy. Based on the analysis of the study a brief summary of findings have been made and a meaningful conclusion have been drawn. Finally the results have been compared with the possible evidence.

11 tables, 113 ref

014507   Sai P V S (NO, Siva Sivani Institute of Management, Kompally, Secunderabad-500 100, Email: pvssai@ssim.ac.in) : Comparative study of CSR practices in Indian before and after 2013. Asian J Mgmt Res 0000, 7(3), 242-55.

The world view towards Corporate Social Responsibility is divided. Some believe in 'agency theory' (Friedman 1970) and some others believe in "Stakeholder Theory" (Cannon 1999). The via media solution is a company seeking to maximise its owners long term wealth may well do very good things for its 'stakeholders" not necessarily thorough any direct intent but in pursuit of its main duty. After 2013 the company law is amended and CSR spending was made mandatory. The research is conducted with the purpose of understanding the - 9 - change if any in the CSR spending by Indian Corporate after the amendment of Company law in 2013. The survey is purely based on secondary sources of data, like text books, journals, magazines, reports and web sites. It is an exploratory research. Surveys and past research studies before and after 2013 have been collected and analysed. An attempt has been made to compare the studies those were conducted before and after 2013. Although there is a growth in CSR spending by Indian corporate by 26 percent, it is disheartening to observe that 20 percent of the companies which come under the definition of Corporate under the amendment have not spent even 2% of their net profits towards CSR. Only two prominent studies are quoted from post 2013 period because only one financial year is passed. Hence, there is a scope to do further research after an year or so which will make some more data available for future studies.

1 illus, 2 tables, 20 ref

014506   Sachar D;Gupta S;Bansal I (NO, , Banasthali Vidyapeeth Univ, Email: dimpysachar81@gmail.com) : Determining factors affecting job satisfaction among university teachers: a comparative study of public and private universities in India. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(1), 1-24.

University education is a critical component of human development worldwide and is definitely more than just a next level of education in the learning process. It imparts us with life-long learning. It not only helps us in earning a living, but also helps us become a better human being and live a better life. Teachers play a pivotal role in the development of a society as they are ones who educate the youth of society, who in turn, become the leaders of the next generation of people. Teachers have a huge impact on the learning of the students. Students who get the best teachers undergo intensive learning, whereas, those and who get the worst teachers fall behind. Therefore, it is better to retain the quality teachers. For this, it is important to keep the teachers motivated and satisfied. Research on job satisfaction among university teachers is an emerging issue in the field of higher education. This paper aims at determining the influential factors of job satisfaction among university teachers. This study used questionnaire as a research instrument. The survey was conducted on 450 teachers from public and private universities from Delhi and NCR region. Based on detailed literature review, the explained hypothesis was formulated. The data were analyzed using SPSS 20.0 package. For statistical analysis, an exploratory factor analysis was administered to investigate the most influential dimensions of job satisfaction among both public and private university teachers.

5 tables, 14 ref

014505   Ratnavali R;Sreenivasa Murthy S (Nagarjuna Agrichem Limited, Hyderabad, India, Jawaharlal Nehru Techno, , Hyderabad, Email: ratnamallikarjun@gmail.com) : Balanced scorecard and performance management system: a study of four Indian small and medium size enterprises. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(1), 52-66.

Performance management practices are a challenge with organizations. When a strategic tool such as the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) is introduced at the corporate level, establishing the linkage between the BSC and the Performance management system (PMS) entails efforts from different levels of the organization. While the management may have hoped for a process-driven approach to performance management, the execution - 8 - brings with it the dynamics of human processes. The study attempts to understand the journey of four companies to BSC by developing the financial and non-financial measures and how they made it a part of their performance management system. The motivation for the four companies to seek intervention was need for growth and to strengthen people performance. In this study, primary data is collected from the four organizations through questionnaires. Interactions with HR, leadership of the companies and their Consultant, provide understanding of the intervention and the process adopted, thus leading to qualitative insights. Annual reports were collected as secondary data. The study highlights the journey of these four small organizations in terms of what influenced the change, the cascading of goals, people perception of the intervention, and the impact on business performance in terms of Revenues, Profit before Tax and Profit after Tax, before and after intervention.

16 illus, 66 ref

014504   Rajkumar V;Boopathi S (Economics Dep, Bharathiar Univ, Tamil Nadu) : Economic valuation of recreational benefits from government botanical garden, the Nilgiris: An individual travel cost approach. Int J multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(7), 1-5.

Recreation is an activity of leisure and an essential part of human life, the demand for this activity has been increasing with the increase in population, income and mobility. There is, however, limited scarce natural and financial resource involved in improved provision of recreation. Hence, there is a need to estimate the economic benefit of recreation sites (Botanical Garden) so as to properly and efficiently allocate scarce resources for improvements. In this backdrop, the present paper addresses the issue like determination and quantitative estimation of the recreational use value generated by Government Botanic Garden (GBG), The Nilgiris by using the Individual Travel Cost Method (ITCM). A purposive sampling technique was used to choose 150 visitors and a linear regression method was employed to investigate determinants of recreational use value at GBG. The number of visits (per year) was taken as the dependent variable in this model. Travel cost, location, age of the respondent, family size, family income and garden quality were evaluated as independent variables and were found as major determinants of visits to the garden. Our estimated results indicate that, individual consumer surplus was determined at Rs.4000 (US$ 59.64) and total consumer surplus is determined as Rs.11.757 billion (US$ 175.293 million). This value corresponds to an annual recreational use value of the garden. The activities such as exhibitions (Flower show), picnics and natural beauty offered to visitors played an important recreational role in increasing the degree of satisfaction.

5 tables, 16 ref

014503   Rajasekar T;Deo M (Commerce Dep, Pondicherry Univ, Puducherry, Email: rajakudal@gmail.com) : Greenhouse gases emanation (GHGs), energy utilization and economic growth of group seven (G7) countries. Asian J Mgmt Res 2017, 7(3), 230-41.

The basic idea of this research - 7 - work started to understand the relationship between greenhouse gases emissions, energy utilization and economic growth of group seven (G7) countries. This concept was resultant by the recent issues of environmental degradation due to global warming and climate change. Based on the result indicated income level of group seven countries increasing gradually, the environmental quality first declines and improves further later goes weak subsequently. Hence the environmental quality of these countries will have ups and downs all the time and also at the end the environmental quality again goes weak. The result further indicate that, there is a long term effect with energy use and greenhouse gas emission. This shows that due to energy utilization the emission of greenhouse gases is high and the effect will be in long term manner.

1 illus, 4 tables, 30 ref

014502   Rajamohan S;Dung I D (Alagappa Institute of Management, Alagappa Univ, Karaikudi-630 004) : Adventure tourism in Andaman and Nicobar Islands. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(1), 92-7.

Andaman and Nicobar Islands, in India, is an unexplored beauty of India. Andaman is a fascinating getaway offering a multitude of activities. Large numbers of tourists visit the islands every year and experience the natural beauty and sterling beaches of the Islands. These pristine islands offer variety of fun loving and unforgettable adventure activities such as scuba diving, snorkeling, sea walk, trekking, island camping, parasailing, water skiing and so on. The tourist inflow has been growing but not at the desired rate. The growth rate of tourists should have been higher considering the adventure activities offered in Andaman. Adventure tourism is at the initial stage of development in Andaman and is fastest growing segment of Andaman tourism industry. Development of adventure tourism could increase the tourist arrivals and the business opportunities in the Islands. The major problem related to adventure tourism is the discord between the safety standards and the way they are followed and implemented. This paper seeks to study the potentials of adventure tourism in Andaman and further give suggestions to develop adventure tourism in Andaman Islands in order to increase the inflow of tourists. The study comprises secondary data which have been collected from journals, articles and Andaman website.

1 illus, 3 ref

014501   Nayyar V;Batra R;Dogra B (NO, , P.T.U./Apeejay Institute of Management Technical Campus, Email: varunnayyar@gmail.com) : Sustainable lifestyle: an exploration of green consumers among urban and rural area. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(1), 80-91.

While some packaging materials may be convenient to the consumers, at the same time it may be a move of environmental degradation. Consumers giving preference to least harmful and sustainable packaging exhibit sustainable buying behavior. Despite the fact that consumers of developed countries across the globe have been practicing sustainable packaging in their preference; this sustainable packaging movement is still at its nascent stage in India. Nevertheless, number of studies has been conducted in India on packaging issues, very few studies have focused on this aspect of sustainability. The prime aim of this research is to explore the perception of rural and urban consumers towards different types of packaging and it further endeavors to determine association with the environment conservation. To attain the aforesaid objective a survey on 500 Indian consumers (250 rural and 250 urban) was conducted using a well-structured questionnaire. To identify whether or not significant difference exists among rural and urban consumers Discriminant analysis technique has been applied. Research indicates that in general Indian consumers give higher preference to protective packaging. Nonetheless a greater inclination towards eco-friendly in urban and reusable in rural is evident. Consequently urban consumers show higher degree of environmental cover rather than their rural counterpart

7 tables, 38 ref

014500   Murthy VV K (Recovery Manager, Boss Financial Services, Nellore, Andra Pradesh) : Market performance of nutrine chocolate eclairs in eclairs category in retail market in Nellore city. Int J multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(8), 23-6.

Nutrine Confectionery Company, which was founded in 1952 as a small scale unit, manufacturing only candies in the early 60's has grown to be a multiproduct, multi market giant and has been the single largest manufacturer of confectionery and toffees in India since 1980. It has been the leader in confectionery industry in India for more than a decade, with an unequalled range of 40 exciting products in confectionery which include Assay, Maha Lacto, Kokanaka, Honeyfab. With its dynamic and committed approach towards product innovation and quality, Nutrine has set the trend in the Indian Confectionery Industry. The present study aims at analyzing the market performance of Nutrine chocolate Eclairs in Eclaris category in retail market particularly in Nellore city.

3 illus, 2 table, 5 ref

014499   Lala J B;Rajput TA (Commerce Dep, Gokhale Education Society's Arts, Commerce and Science College, Jawhar, Palghar, Maharastra) : Challenges and problems of GST in India. Int J multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(7), 6-8.

Goods and Service Tax (GST) is an all-inclusive tax charge on manufactures, sale and consumption of goods and services. The basic fundamental aim of GST is to make uniform the scattered indirect tax system in India and avoid the cascading effect in taxation. The impact going to make by GST will be a transformation in the entire tax system in India. GST is termed as biggest tax reform In Indian Tax Structure. The Taxation power has been well defined in Indian Constitution. The Constitution (122nd Amendment) Bill that seeks to usher in a Goods and Services Tax (GST) regime in the country will finally be taken up for discussion in Parliament. Finance Minister Arun Jaitley has been affirming that India will implement GST from 1st April 2016. This paper reveals an outline of GST concept, explains main features and what are problems created for effective implementation. The paper is more focused on advantages of GST and challenges faced by India in execution.

18 ref

014498   Khan M A (NO, Univ of Kashmir, Srinagar, Jammu and Kashmir) : Buddhist tourism in Ladakh. Int J multidiscipl Res Dev 2017, 4(7), 9-13.

Ladakh literally meaning "Land of High Passes" is a cold desert area situated in - 5 - Indian State of Jammu and Kashmir, lies between Kunlun Mountain in the North and Greater Himalayas in South and having an immense potential for Buddhist tourism. Also known as Moon Land and Last Shangrilla, Ladakh is one of the three regions of Jammu and Kashmir State, consisting of two districts viz Leh and Kargil with Boti (Ladakhi) as main language. Buddhism being major religion has deep influence of Tibetan Buddhism, which follows the Mahayana and vajrayana schools. In this form of Buddhism, Buddha is worshipped as deity having attained Nirvana (means free from cycle of birth and death) and various incarnations of Buddha known as Bodhisattvas are also worshiped in monasteries. The mythology of Tibetan Buddhism has many tales of various spirits and demons representing good and evil qualities, depicted in the form of masks, and stories are enacted as masked dances during the annual festivals of various Gompas. His Holiness Dalai Lama (14th Dalai Lama) is their supreme spiritual leader and is living incarnation of Buddha. This paper is an attempt to discuss Buddhist tourism in Ladakh division and various constraints to it.

1 table, 7 ref

014497   Kareemulla K;Venkattakumar R;Manoj P;Samuel P (NO, National Academy of Agricultural Research Management (ICAR), Rajendranagar, Hyderabad-500 030, Email: kalakareem@gmail.com) : Analysis on Agricultural sustainability in India. Curr Sci 2017, 112(2), 258-66.

Sustainability of agriculture is a matter of concern for various stakeholders. The challenges encountered by Indian agriculture are due to agroclimatic/environmental, social and economic dimensions. The sustainability strength comes due to vibrancy of these dimensions. In order to understand the regional and temporal dynamics of these dimensions, a state-level analysis of sustainability was made for two time-periods. The sustainability index estimation was based on the human development index methodology. Data for two time-periods, i.e. 2001 and 2011 were used to estimate the indices. The results revealed that in general, sustainability did not deteriorate over the reference period, although some states gained and some others lost in terms of change in the level of sustainability.

7 tables, 30 ref

014496   Guha R;Biswas A;Tortajada C;Saklani U (NO, , ) : Planning of water management practices in India. Bionotes 2017, 19(3), 80-1.

014495   Gopinath R (NO, , BSNL, Trichy SSA, Tamol Nadu Telecom Circle, Email: dr.raju.gopinath@gmail.com) : Is promotion and transfer helps to employee's job satisfaction? an empirical study at BSNL with special reference in three different SSAs using modeling. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(1), 25-33.

The present study investigates that the Promotion and Transfer and its impact towards Job Satisfaction with special reference to BSNL, three different SSA (Secondary Switching Area) s namely Trichy, Thanjavur and Madurai SSA using SEM Modeling. To examine the Promotion and Transfer are associated with Job Satisfaction using by Job Descriptive Index (JDI) Scale among BSNL employees. The JDI scale included Work, Supervision, Pay, Promotions, and Co-worker. Based on the findings, Promotion and Transfer influence the Job Satisfaction, because Job Satisfaction Employees would make a positive contribution to their respective BSNL and may lead to increase the effectiveness of the BSNL. It is therefore important to have a good understanding of an individual's total personality and value system in order to understand and describe his job satisfaction. Some important implications for future research are also derived from the study.

4 tables, 11 ref

014494   Gnoufougou D (NO, Faculte des Sciences Economiques et de Gestion de l'Universite de Kar, BP 43 Kara-TOGO, Email: donclas76@gmail.com) : Towards understanding the dynamics of service quality and its correlation with patient satisfaction in health care services: an exploratory analysis. Asian J Mgmt Res 2017, 7(3), 217-29.

Today's, measurement of patient satisfaction has been encouraged by growing consumer orientation in health care and by giving a focal attention to service quality measurement scale SERVQUAL. Thus, the assessment of quality of services provided by the hospitals has been a serious concern for hospitals and health care organizations owing to the excessive demands imposed on them by users, consumers, government and society in general. This exploratory study attempts to understand the dynamics of quality of health care and its impact on patient satisfaction in public and private hospitals in Togolese twin regions of Kara and Savana. It provides the data which show that the centrality of any hospital effectiveness which is measured using patient satisfaction approach is the patient's perception about the quality of services provided. The survey method was used for data collection. A total sample size of 372 respondents, representing 65 - 4 - percents of response rate, was surveyed through questionnaire approach. The data were analyzed using SPSS software package, and techniques like descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, correlation analysis) and multiple regression analysis, were utilized to analyze and interpret the given data and to test the hypotheses. Findings of the study indicated that there is a significant positive relationship between service quality and patient satisfaction.

3 illus, 6 tables, 11 ref

014493   Ghatak A;Aamukta (Inst. Of Management, Christ Univ, Bangalore, Email: aamukta@res.christuniversity.in) : Shareholder's wealth creation in mergers and acquisitions in Indian IT industry: an event study methodology of acquiring company's perspective. Asian J Mgmt Res 2017, 7(3), 200-16.

The aim of this paper is to analyze if acquiring firm shareholders ascertain positive or negative abnormal returns around Information Technology merger announcement. The study has employed event study methodology to estimate abnormal returns. The study includes sample size of 52 mergers in Information Technology from 2006-2015. As daily stock data is used to ascertain abnormal returns, there is an issue of non-synchronous trading. The models like Scholes and William, Dimson aggregated coefficient and Fowler and Rorke are employed to ascertain unbiased beta and alpha value (model parameters). The other model used are mean adjusted model and market adjusted model are employed for robustness check. Market model is the core model to ascertain the effect of Information Technology merger announcement on the shareholder's abnormal return. The research has employed a short event window of 61 days and focusses on the narrow 3-day window to capture significant effect of Information technology merger announcement on shareholders' wealth. The findings suggest that acquiring firm shareholders have gained a positive and insignificant abnormal returns from the Information Technology merger announcement.

1 illus, 8 tables, 48 ref

013405   Saxena A;Hussain M;Singh A (College of Agribusiness Management, G.B. Pant University of Agriculture & Technology, Pantnagar-263 145, Email: ankurcabm@gmail.com) : Impact of amended APMC act on apple business in Himachal Pradesh, India. Indian J agric Res 2017, 51(1), 38-43.

Indian - 2 - agricultural marketing system is suffering from various problems viz. improper warehousing, lack of grading and packaging, inadequate transport facilities, presence of large number of middlemen, malpractices of traders, inadequate market information and insufficient fungs etc. Long chain of middlemen decrease the producer's share in consumer rupee and exploit the farmer. Though Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee (APMCs) under the Agricultural Produce Marketing Committee Act, 1964 control and regulate buying and selling operations at all regulated agriculture marketing yards but there are lot of inefficiencies involved in practices of APMCs. However amended APMC Act prevents anticompetitive practices. There is no compulsion on the producer to sell their produce in APMC market yards, producer are quite free to sell directly to private companies or private market yards or farmers-consumer market under amended APMC Act. The present Study has analysed awareness and preception of apple growers regarding amended APMC Act. Two districts of Himachal Pradesh viz. Shimla and Kullu were selected on the basis of highest apple production. Apple growers were divided in two groups viz. Group 1 (growers who follow traditional supply chain) and Group 2 (growers who follow traditional and modern supply chain both).

4 tables, 17 ref

013404   Parthiban P;Amalaldhasan S;Dhanalakshmi R (NO, National Institute of Technology, Tiruchirappalli-620 015, Email: parthee_p@yahoo.com) : Fuzzy quantitative approach to prioritize green factors in supply chain. J scient ind Res 2017, 76(7), 401-7.

Eco Design integrates environmental thinking into product design and packaging including in its production, consumption and disposal of the product life cycle in the supply chain. In today's scenario eco design is very important for saving our environment. This papers aims to investigate the technology, organization and environment factors of the eco design that influence the adoption of Green Supply Chain Management using Fuzzy Quality Function Deployment (FQFD). Quality function deployment (QFD) is a planning and problem-solving methodology used to translate customer requirements (CRs) into technical requirements (TRs) in the Course of new product development (NPD). In the proposed model, fifteen fundamental requirements of customers are identified and eight main factors of eco design are derived to satisfy the overall requirements as detailed. The importance of the customer requirements and relationship strength were identified as linguistic data. We have collected data for the criteria from the decision makers of the automotive industry. Under different situation the values of subjective data are often inaccurate so we have applied Fuzzy Quantitative Approach to overcome this deficiency of high subjectivity and low reliability. This study shows the fuzzy logic using Quality Function Deployment for easy decision making. So this proposed method shows the final ranking of the important eco design factors that influences the adoption of Green Supply Chain Management in the automotive industry. The final result of paper gives Stakeholder Cooperation is the most important factors of eco design.

1 illus, 4 tables, 17 ref

013403   Feng M;Yu K;Wang X;Hao R (Donlinks School of Economics and Management, Science and Technology Beijing No. 30 Univ, Xueyuan Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100083, P.R. China, Email: haorongnfc@hotmail.com) : Empirical analysis on the influence of technological innovation on performance of iron and steel industry. J scient ind Res 2017, 76(7), 397-400.

This study selected the relevant indicators from 2000-2012 through the composite index, showing iron and steel industry technology innovation and performance and measured the levels of that technology innovation and performance, and also analyzed the impact of technology innovation on performance based on generalized least squares and put forward some related suggestions. This research presents that a change of 1% in iron and steel industry technology innovation will lead to a similar change of 0.758% in performance; a change of 1% in the average asset scale will cause an opposing change of 0.076% in performance; a change of 1% in the number of employees at the end of year will give rise to an opposing change of 0.014% in performance.

3 tables, 9 ref

012441   Wath S B;Prasad P (NO, CSIR-National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (CSIR-NEERI, Nehru Marg, Nagpur-440 020, Email: p_prasad@neeri.res.in) : Review on water resources availability and management practices in India. J envir Sci Engng 2015, 57(3), 271-86.

Conservation and management of water resources is critically important for a vast and fast developing country like India. However, rapidly increasing population and continuous betterment of lifestyle has put tremendous pressure on water resources around major cities leading to alarmingly reduction in per capita water availability. Moreover, increasing fluctuations in precipitation over the country has only aggravated the problem. This paper presents the current and future water scenario in India and also discusses the impacts of various factors like population, pollution, mismanagement, climate change, government laws and regulations etc. on water resources and its availability. While emphasis has been laid on water productivity and various government initiatives, the paper also discusses and analyzes limitations in water management. Based on study and analysis, the paper finally recommends Best Management Practices (BMP) and Best Available Technologies (BAT) used and practiced worldwide for effective and efficient water management in India. The paper also highlights the importance of Public Private Community Partnership (PPCP) along with the recently developed monitoring tools and data information systems for sustainable and effective water resource management to meet present requirements without compromising the future needs.

8 tables, 58 ref

012440   Vinith H P;Patil S R (MBA Dep, AIT, Chikkamagaluru) : "Problems faced by costomers during online grocery purchase at Bengaluru city. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 50-3.

Online Grocery Retailing is slowly developing and gaining its importance in the field of E-Retailing. But the online grocery retailing has not penetrated the minds of customers very successfully as expected. Therefore to identify the gap, the research title was developed and the survey was done with the objectives to know the level of awareness of the customers have towards Online Grocery Retailers, and further to know the various difficulties faced by customers in the process of online grocery purchase. Some of the major findings are 32% of respondents strongly agree that, the online grocery purchase is a complicated process, 37% of the respondents agree that, they face difficulties in returning the products, 34% of the respondents strongly agree that there is a lack of security in the process of online grocery purchase. Finally the study was concluded stating that there are certain problems faced by customers in online grocery purchase, if these problems are addressed the online grocery retailing will soon be very successful than traditional grocery retailing.

3 ref

012439   Verma S;Chatterjee R;Sen S (Microsoft Faculty Fellow, Fujairah Women's College, Higher Colleges of Technology, Fujairah, U.A.E, Email: shilaverma@gmail.com) : Decoding the mantra of succession planning for the unorganized retail stores in Central India. Indian J Market 2017, 47(2), 24-33.

The paper intended to study the unorganised retail sector in Central India related to their preparedness towards succession planning. Also, the paper tried to explore the family dynamics shared between the family members of a business. Literature was studied to analyze the various aspects related to succession planning. Bhopal being one of the growing markets having great potential has been the centre of the study. Empirical data were gathered from 138 family businesses of Bhopal using the questionnaire method. Evidences were found justifying the gap existing in the - 20 - succession planning in the family owned businesses in Central India. The study being conducted by taking 138 family-owned businesses limits the possibility of generalizability of the data. The insights can be used by the family-owned unorganized retail stores in Bhopal to work out a systematic way of succession planning and avoid all the pitfalls to a successful venture. The paper is one of its kinds as the empirical data being collected represents family-owned businesses of Bhopal and elucidates the present scenario of succession planning among them.

5 illus, 3 table, 23 ref

012438   Venkateswarlu R;Reddy M S (GITAM School of International Business, GITAM Univ, Visakhapatnam-530 045, Email: rangavajhala_v@yahoo.co.in) : Optimal ordering policies for deteriorating items with controllable deterioration rate and time dependent quadratic demand. Int J appl Sci Engng Res 2016, 5(1), 98-106.

This paper presents a deterministic inventory model for deteriorating items when the deterioration rate is controllable using preservation technology and the demand rate is a quadratic function of time. The optimal cost of the system is calculated allowing shortages. Further it is assumed that the holding cost is a linear function of time. A numerical example is given and the robustness of the model is tested through sensitive analysis.

1 illus, 11 ref

012437   Veena A;D'Souza D (Management Studies Dep, PES Univ, 100 Feet Ring Road, BSK III stage, Banglore-560 085, Email: veenaandini@pes.edu) : Establishing the market potencial of a rental model Multipurpose Electric Vehicle (MPEV) for individuals with lower limb disabilities in India. Indian J Market 2017, 47(2), 8-23.

Electric vehicles (EV) were developed as a sustainable and cost-effective solution to the environmental problems resulting from petroleum-based forms of transportation. In recent years, renting of vehicle systems has garnered a great deal of interest and activity internationally as an innovative transportation solution. Existing research about EVs is largely concentrated on a purchase model. Results included perceptions of high costs to purchase and maintain EVs. This study, in contrast, focused on a rental model of EVs offering the potential to lower transportation costs and cost-sustainable option. The objective also included understanding the users' perception of a potential rental model of electric vehicles (EV). The study used the survey method to assess the perception, potential benefits, and drawbacks of a rental model of EVs. The expected findings included positive perceptions of the cost savings associated with the EV rental model versus the hybrid rental model.

17 table, 19 ref

012436   Tripathi V (Business Administration Dep, Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gorkhpur Univ, Gorakhpur, Uttar Pradesh, Email: veena.tripathi06@gmail.com) : Role of stealth marketing strategy to manipulate teenagers. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 189-99.

Marketing Communication has migrated to another paradigm to manipulate the influential consumer of their products in the family. Teenagers are playing a role as a strongly opinionated buyer in family buying process and to give regard to this marketers are trying to impose products on them by playing with their cognitive enthusiasm. To orchestrate this Marketers have started applying Stealth Marketing to communicate with teenagers which encourage unfair practices. The New Marketing Strategy is also featured as Buzz or Undercover Marketing. This new concept of marketing mislead consumer through advertisements of their product which is not significant to them. When this strategy, target teenagers, it leads to deceptive and unethical practices. This paper is an attempt to gain an insight into how marketers, manipulate Teenagers decision making process by raising Stealth marketing techniques. It is an exploratory study aimed at understanding the way marketers work to hold consumer. This paper highlights the research done in the last five years on role of Stealth Marketing in manipulating teenagers and identifies areas for future research with India as the focus. The paper provides evidence of stealth marketing in manipulating teenagers. The study tried to elaborate the concept of Stealth - 19 - Marketing by highlighting two Indian television advertisements and from Facebook as an example of social networking. This paper also tried to explore the semantic characteristics used in Indian advertisement which are targeting Teenagers. The study comes out with the useful insight and recommendation which would be helpful in further research.

16 ref

012435   Thakur A;Shabnam;Rupinder Kaur (Marketting Dep, Mittal School of Business, Lovely Professional Univ, Phagwara, Punjab, Email: anand.thakur@ipu.co.in) : Empirical study on consumer trust in online shopping in Punjab. Indian J Market 2017, 47(2), 47-59.

Online shopping in India is an emerging trend for marketers for promoting their merchandise in a wide geographical area using the Internet. India acquired 283.8 million Internet users by 2016. India is now the third largest Internet user after the U.S. and China. Lack of trust is the biggest obstacle to the success of online shopping. The present study focused upon the relationship of trust antecedents with consumer trust and consumer trust with online shopping activities with the help of a cross-sectional survey conducted in Punjab. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to achieve the results of this research. The results revealed that knowledge and privacy protection did not have a significant relationship with consumer trust. The results revealed that security protection, perceived risk, and perceived benefits are very important antecedents for building trust among the consumers towards online shopping. Consumer trust was found to have a significant relationship with online shopping activities. Finally, some useful implications have been offered for the marketers at the end.

4 table, 33 ref

012434   Stanley J;Rashmi Karolin Y (NO, ICAR-VPKAS, Almora-263 601, Email: stanley_icar@rediffmail.com) : Top level manager: skills, functions, tasks, approaches, responsibilities and roles. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 170-8.

A top-level manager should have focused goals and a strong strategy to - 18 - attain it, which distinguishes him/her from others in the organization. First of all, the manager needs to recognize the roles and duties of the organization. As a Top level manager, the roles are to develop goals, strategic plans to achieve them and formulate company policies and make decisions to direct the organization. While developing the goals of the organization, he should try to understand the competition, world economies, politics and social trends which affect the organization's effectiveness. The work of top level manager is mostly of visioning/thinking, planning and deciding. The skills, tasks, approaches, functions, responsibilities and roles of a top level manager are discussed in detail.

1 illus, 9 ref

012433   Singh D (NO, Magadh Univ, Gaya, Bihar) : Job satisfacting, organisational commitment and its effect on work performance in contractual employees - a case study of Bihar vikas mission, Bihar, India. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 175-9.

Employee attitude are important to management because they determine the behavior of workers in the organization. The common held opinion is that "A satisfied worker is a productive worker". A satisfied work force will create A pleasant atmosphere within the organization to perform well. Hence job satisfaction has become a major topic for research studies. Nowadays it is a new trend to hire contractual or temporary employees in organization HR strategies of developing countries. The specific problem addressed in this study is to examine the impact of job satisfaction and organisational commitment on performance of contractual employees. It considered which rewards (intrinsic and extrinsic) determine job satisfaction of an employee. It also considered influence of age, sex and experience of employee on level of job satisfaction and organisational commitment. Despite of growing acceptance that temporary employment likely to be a persisting and significant feature of contemporary work, there is no clear ideas about how it expects the satisfaction, well being and performance of employees. A sample of 215 staff of Bihar Vikas Mission were selected using satisfied random sampling Data was collected things the use of questionnaires. The study found that there was a positive relationship between temporary employment and employer performance. Employer took up temporary employment as an alternative to reach of permanent employment and with the hope of gaining permanent employment in the longer term. This motivated them to work harder to enhance their performance. The study also found that the organization was promoting the employability of the employers by providing handsome salary and enhancing their employability of the employer through contract renewal. The purpose of the study was to examine the job satisfaction and employer performance level of contractual employee at Bihar Vikas Mission (BVM). This gives the contractual employee a sense of job security which enhances their performance and satisfaction level.

23 ref

012432   Simon S;Manohar B M (NO, Al Musanna College of Technology, Muladdah Musanna, P.O.Box: 191, P.C:314, Sultanate of Oman, Email: simi@act.edu.om) : Consumer involvement towards ready-to-eat breakfast cereals in India: An application of revised product involvement inventory (RPII). Indian J Market 2017, 47(2), 34-46.

Consumer behaviour studies are gaining relevance in the current Indian retail scenario against the backdrop of various challenges that are posed by changed consumer lifestyles. Consumer involvement in the purchase decision process concept has been an interesting topic to consumer researchers as well as other practitioners. It affects the purchase decision of consumers which includes information search and the actual buying process that are directly related to consumer buying behaviour. The goal of the study was to explore and discuss the applicability of the revised product involvement inventory (RPII) to rate the level of involvement in the buying behaviour of Indian consumers of RTE - 17 - breakfast cereals. The study was carried out from January 2015 to 2016. A research model was developed in order to understand the relationship between the constructs of involvement with reference to its sub - scales of interest and importance. A survey method was used for data collection. The data was analyzed and interpreted using structural equation modelling (SEM). The results revealed that RPII represents a reliable measurement scale for measuring involvement in the Indian market. In the study, it is proved that consumer involvement with subscale of interest has more significance among RTE breakfast cereal consumers in India. The dimensions of involvement such as brand loyalty, product information search, time taken to choose the product, and in addition, the psychological tension element were found to significantly affect consumer decision making.

2 illus, 13 table, 22 ref

012431   Shailaja S M;Neelima I M (Commerce & Management Dep, S.S.A. Govt. First Grade College, Ballari, Karnataka) : Women's multiple roles: the need for social infrastructure. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(3), 34-5.

Women community leadership will need to be identified and included in committees that may be formed under various sectors, to ensure that women are included in planning for sectors other than social development, such as infrastructure, use of common lands, natural resources and employment.

7 ref

012430   Polisetty A (NO, , , Email: arunapolisetty@yahoo.com) : Impact of budgeting on the performance: a case study of Maha cements. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 98-103.

This research work was focused on exploration on the use of budgeting in my home industries. A budget is a quantitative expression of a plan for a distinct period. It may include deliberate sales volumes and revenues, resource quantities, costs and expenses, assets, liabilities and cash flows. It expresses strategic plans of business units, organizations, activities or events in measurable terms. The objective of the study is to determine whether the budgeting affect the quality of services delivery in production. The research also aims at determining whether the budgeting contributes to the improvement of management efficiency and high productivity. The present study adopted a descriptive research design with data gathered through questionnaire administered to128 respondents. Non-parametric tool of chi square was employed to analyze the data. Hypotheses were tested and analyzed on a 5% level of significance and it was revealed that budgeting is a useful tool. It can be concluded that budget, which is a continuous management activity, should adapt to changes in the dynamic business environment.

3 tables, 24 ref

012429   Pareek P;Singh M (NO, Symbiosis International Univ, Pune, Maharastra, Email: priyanka.pareek@siu.edu.in) : Code mixing as a socio - Psychological advertising strategy in the Era of glocalization. Indian J Market 2017, 47(1), 41-53.

The inventive use of language in different areas by humans makes them creative and innovative. The use of innovative language in advertisements is to hold the attention of consumers and to motivate them to purchase different products. They (advertisers) use different and updated language techniques in advertising; one of them is code mixing (CM), which refers to the mixing of words from different languages in a systematic pattern. This paper intended to provide the role and impact of code - mixing in advertising in India through the interviews conducted from 100 individuals. This will result in understanding the concept of code - mixing from the perspective of 'global advertising strategy. Additionally, it would help in understanding the cultural identities of other regions and 'social responsibilities'. The results obtained from lexical analysis of code mixed advertisements and readers' attitudinal surveys showed that the linguistic factors of advertisements are designed keeping multilingual reader's psychology in mind. Advertisers strategically utilize their linguistic creativity by including different symbolic meanings in their creative linguistic repertoire. It helps in keeping - 16 - the product memorable. In order to fulfil the purpose of the study, quantitative approach was used to check whether code mixing in advertisements works as a successful language strategy in having imprints on consumers' minds. The paper provides new explanations using exploratory and descriptive analysis that would be helpful as an evidence to enhance the quality of communication in marketing. It will further provide insights to the advertisers for the development of new marketing policies.

48 ref

012428   Narayanan K (NO, University Edinburgh Business School School, Edinburgh, UK, Email: knarayan@esxeed.ed.ac.uk) : Effect of emotional intelligence on organizational citizenship behavior. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 154-63.

This study aims to determine the relationship of emotional intelligence with organizational citizenship behavior. Descriptive and analytical design was adopted and 344 employees from manufacturing firms formed as the sample for the study. The results indicate the attributes of emotional intelligence i.e self-awareness, understanding emotion, ability to sense emotion and acknowledge emotion, goal setting and its achievement, believing to be a competent person, self-motivation, self-encouragement to try best significantly differ with the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior and self-control, sensitive to feeling and emotion attribute does not significantly differ with the dimensions of organizational citizenship behavior.

6 tables, 43 ref

012427   Mishra D;Mohanty A (NO, Mahavir Institute of Engineering & Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha) : Productivity improvement through incentive scheme - a case study. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(3), 71-7.

National Aluminum Company, a profit making public sector had an incentive scheme earlier under which the incentive amount payable to the employees of NALCO, Angul (Orissa), was based on their wages not on their performance. More over the employees without full presence in the plant were getting the same incentive amount as that of employees with full presence i.e. nil absent employees. Hence an attempt is made in the revised incentive scheme to reduce absenteeism; through introduction of productivity based group incentive scheme. This study is an attempt to do a comparative analysis of the earlier and newly introduced incentive scheme at NALCO, Angul. The objective analysis clearly indicates that the newly introduced incentive scheme not only helped in improving productivity and performance but also in reducing the absenteeism of employees significantly.

2 illus, 11 ref

012426   Mashwana V;Chiliya N;Chikandiwa C T (NO, Univ of Witwatersrand School of Economics and Business Sciences, Private bags 3, Wits 2050, South Africa, Email: VuyelwaMashwama@wits.ac.za ) : Effect of spokes-character credibility on consumer's attitude and buying intention: A south african focus. Indian J Market 2017, 47(1), 11-25.

The recent technological development in animation has provided an attractive alternative to break into the cluttered marketing environment. Created animated spokes-characters can be used as brand endorsers in today's era. The purpose of this article was to investigate the impact of advertisements and brands that use spokes-characters on purchase intention. The study surveyed 260 respondents in Johannesburg City, South Africa. The study found that consumers like spokes-characters and adverts that use spokes-characters. Moreover, the research findings revealed that only spokes-character attractiveness and expertise influence attitude toward the adverts and spokes-character trust influences attitude towards the brand. In addition, the results reflect that companies can use spokes-characters to improve chances to engage customers about the brand and create long-term relationship and commitment.

2 illus, 5 table, 40 ref

012425   Kulenur S;Sharath B S;Naveen P (JSS Centre for Management Studies, Sri Jayachamarajendra College of Engineering, Mysore, Karnataka) : Interface between human resource management and risk management with the special reference to compensation management at selected it companies. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 146-53.

Human Resource Management is the pattern of planned human resource deployments and activities intended to enable an organization to achieve its goals. HRM appears to be significantly linked with the overall effectiveness of the organizational performance. The HR department's representation in the strategic decisions of the organizations has become necessary for the organization to achieve goals. Quality HR strategies, policies and procedures are required for the organizations to address various practices like compensation management, industrial relations, performance management, training and development, talent acquisition and retaining, employee engagement etc. Implementing the best human resource practices is the preferred approach for improving quality and productivity in organizations and managing the risk aspects associated with it. It is necessary to understand the growing importance of risk management which is associated with the human resource practices like Outsourcing, Corporate Culture, Non-Monetary Rewards, Strategic Change, Performance Management, Organization's Performance, Organization's Ability to Pay, Personnel Management, IT Governance etc., which will have an impact on the production, financial and marketing decisions. This paper concentrates on the study of compensation management and the risk associated with it. And understands the role of HRM to prevent the risks and improve the effectiveness of the organization.

5 tables, 8 ref

012424   Krishnam Raju K;Banerjee S (Head of the Dep, College of Finance, Management and Development, Ethiopian Civil Servic, Ethiopia) : Study on job description and its effect on employee performance: case of some selected manufacturing organizations in the city of Pune, India". Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(2), 1-10.

Accordingly Brannick et al. (2007), job descriptions is an instrument used by the people who does not know accurately how to perform the job. So, to make employees perform their jobs well there has to be a clear and specific job description. Therefore, many organizations are working hard to make sure that job descriptions that they have are effective in term of productivity and in achieving the organization's objectives. For these reasons, many researchers conducted many study to assess the effects of job description for the success of the organizations. As, in the fast changing world there are many changes in the nature of working environment and technology, and so the job description should be adjusted to incorporate the changes. Therefore, this study focuses - 14 - on the assessment of the role of job description in determining the employee performance particularly in some selected manufacturing organizations in the city of Pune, India. So, far it will use different concepts and practices in relation to job description and its effects on employees' performance.

7 tables, 29 ref

012423   Khanna M;Vaibhav S (School of Management, Career point univ, Hamirpur, (H.P), Email: manish.khanna80@gmail.com) : Indian rural banking- Role of regional rural banks. Asian J Adv Basic Sci 2017, 5(1), 26-9.

The financial possibility of the RRBs (Regional Rural Banks) has, however, been a matter of concern since the 1980s, just five years after their existence. A number of committees have gone into the issue of their financial possibility and feasible restructuring. India's economy is primarily rural in nature. Over the past few years rural India has witnessed an increase in the buying power of consumers, accompanied by their desire to upgrade their standard of living. In order to shape the present rural scenario there is an urgent need of upgrading various factors like employability, literacy, irrigation, infrastructure, advanced technologies, basic telecommunication facilities and above all need of efficient financial system. This study made an attempt to enquire as to factors that influence the performance of the RRBs and the role-played by these banks.

15 ref

012422   Kapoor D;Chaudhary M (NO, Amity Univ, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, Email: dkapoor@amity.edu) : Patanjali: Emergence of a new star on the Indian FMCG horizon. Indian J Market 2017, 47(1), 54-63.

In the present day world, life has become more complex and competitive; people are under more stress than before because of lifestyle leading to various diseases at an early age. The vast field of Ayurveda is gaining popularity across the world because of its amazing therapeutic values. Consumers are demanding more herbal and organic products across different categories of personal and home care. Patanjali Ayurveda Ltd. is one of the new entrants in the Ayurvedic and herbal FMCG sector, but has already created waves across the country, giving tough competition to the established multinational corporations. This research highlights the perception of consumers towards Patanjali products. A total of 150 respondents were surveyed to explore various factors influencing consumers' purchase for Patanjali products, and the overall attitude towards strategies implemented by Patanjali Ayurveda. The study findings showed that product quality, brand image, and trust are the most important factors influencing consumers' decision making in selecting Patanjali products. Association of the name of Baba Ramdev is also influencing sales of Patanjali. However, results revealed the average satisfaction from Patanjali products.

9 table, 18 ref

012421   Kakati R P;Saikia B (Business Administration Dep, Gauhati Univ, Jalukbari, Guwahati, Email: rinalinik@yahoo.com) : Impact of micro finance in formation of economic and social capital among beneficiaries of self-help groups in Kamrup district of North Eastern India. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 129-39.

Microfinance through its philosophy and practices of poverty eradication is one pattern of financing that aims to encompass the excluded section of population, especially in the rural areas. The effectiveness of micro finance has been under criticism over the last few years. This study examines the role of micro finance in formation of economic and social capital among the beneficiaries of 22 villages of Kamrup Rural District of Assam of North East India. Economic capital is found to form in all the four blocks under the study but SHGs with more than five years in operation are found to have higher savings than SHGs with less than five operating years. However, from the inferences on testing of hypothesis, Social Capital formation has been found to be varying across the villages. The agency implementing micro finance programmes need to take more initiative in remote villages for effective formation of social capital among the beneficiaries. This research also undoubtedly supports other researchers that micro finance has not reached the core poorer; it has substantiated the economic needs of mainly a certain section of deprived population of villages.

1 illus, 8 tables, 16 ref

012420   Jhamb A;Jhamb S (NO, , ) : Microfinance and Microfinance and entrepreneurship development. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(2), 54-6.

The roots of Microfinance were seen in the 19th century but these little roots took the shape of trees in the 20th century. These trees were grown by a very famous personality named Prof. Mohammed Yunus. He won noble prize for this work. He was very much moved emotionally by seeing the financially poor condition of his countrymen and that emotional outlet was in form of Microfinance under Grameen Model for the development and poverty alleviation and uplifting the standard of living of his countrymen. Seeing this tree grow many nations all over the world thought of joining hands and to make theses scattered trees grow into a dense forest. And their efforts really started bearing fruits on these trees. In the same time NABARD (National Bank for agricultural and Rural Development) took the initiative to bring the same changes in the rural areas of India. And as the time moved further the gloomy faces of people started changing into the smiling faces as slowly and steadily money started rolling into their hands and they started to move out of the clutches of money lenders. "Microfinance in India works under 4 major models a) Self Help Group b) Grameen Model c) Joint Liability Group d) Co-operative society".

3 ref

012419   Hedau A (NO, Institute of Management Technology, Nagpur, Email: ahedau@imtnag.ac.in) : IPO pricing - evidence from Indian capital market. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 104-14.

In India, the prospectus, issued by the firm going to public, have a calculation of offer price based on historical financial information (EPS, Profitability, P/E ratio etc). However, on the day of listing, list price (listing day closing price) significantly differs from the initial offer price and thereby confirms the presence of underpricing anomaly. The difference between offer price and list price substantiates the presence of few unaccounted variables which have dominance over the initial offer price calculated using historical financial information. The pricing of IPOs is puzzle to the participants of primary market. In the absence of any specific method, subscribers are using different approaches to decide the offer price. This gives differential returns to different investors. This paper studies the pricing of IPOs offered in Indian capital market during 2007-2015 using stepwise - 12 - regression. The study found four, accounting and two, market related factors are explaining around 62.6% of the offer price. Granger Causality test shows the bidirectional relationship between dependent and independent variable. Age of the firm, a significant variable in earlier studies found insignificant in this study. This shift is interpreted as investors are valuing future potential than the historical parameters.

6 tables, 20 ref

012418   Gupta S S;Malik S;Kataria A (NO, Institute of Management Studies, Ghaziabad, Uttar Pradesh) : "Analytical study on contribution of private banks in the success of Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana". Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 180-6.

With a view to bring about a complete financial inclusion of all the households in the country, on 15 August, 2014 'Pradhan Mantri Jan-Dhan Yojana' was announced by Honorable Prime Minister, 'Mr. Narendra Damodar Modi'. This held to be a very serious National Mission on Financial Inclusion for bringing a paradigm shift to highest level of transparency together with Governance. It was realized that financial inclusion is the essence of sustainable economic growth and development of a country. To strategize this vision it was felt that large sections of the rural population should come within the ambit of banking system. Attempts at every corner were made by the policymakers and financial institutions and no stone was left unturned. Financial Inclusion is an unavoidable factor for the economic development of a country without which the progress shall remain a distant vision. The reason being that a lion's share of total population remains outside the growth process. One of the peculiar reasons for poverty is high level of absenteeism from banking. No doubt that there are few lakh people who are enjoying all kinds of services from savings to net banking, but still by and large around 40% of people lack access to even basic financial services like savings, credit and insurance facilities even after 69 years of independence. In order to fulfill National Mission of PMJDY or Financial inclusion we cannot neglect the role of private banks in ensuring the access to financial services in an affordable manner. Thus the need arises to analyze their contributions through this paper.

5 ref

012417   Ganjali M;Shahrakipour M;Shahrakipour H (Staffing and Selection Dep, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Iran) : Relationship between Efficency and Effectiveness among Staff of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. Archiv appl Sci Res 2016, 8(4), 54-9.

This study aimed to investigate the relationship between efficiency and effectiveness among administrative staff of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences. The population consisted of 360 people. Based on Morgan table, 185 people were randomly selected as the study's samples. To collect data, two researcher-made questionnaires were used: the 23-item Efficacy Questionnaire and the 27-item Effectiveness Questionnaire. After reviewing the items, a group of professors and experts confirmed face validity and content validity of both questionnaires. To determine the reliability of the questionnaires, they were - 11 - distributed among 30 people out of the whole samples and Cronbach's alphas of 0.91 and 0.90 were determined using the SPSS software. To determine the relationship between efficiency and effectiveness of staff of Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Pearson Correlation test was conducted and a significant relationship was found. There was also a significant relationship between efficiency and effectiveness in terms of education level; however, the results showed no significant relationship between the mentioned variables in terms of gender, marital status, age and years of service.

2 table, 15 ref

012416   Gaikwad S V (Commerce Dep, MAEER'S Arts, Commerce & Science College Pune 38, Maharashtra) : Methods to manage the challenges of change. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(2), 20-4.

"Marketing is the conception and deliverance of a standard of living to the society". Marketing has got a very significant role in marketing and business management. It is considered to be as a proper and pure management function. So, just because of this it has got its base in the decision making process of an organization. Thus, Marketing is essential for meeting the needs, desires and wants of the customers on large scale. It is about understanding and handling customers by identifying their problems and finding different ways to produce products or services which are demanded by customers. Marketing Management is the planning, implementation, analysis, and control of marketing based programmes that are designed to build, create and maintain the practical approach of the marketing techniques. It helps the marketing firms to take decision regarding the changes taking place in the environment. These changes are related to the four important "P's" of Marketing Mix. Thus, marketing management gives importance to the application and practical method of the marketing activities of the firm. So, for this reason the Marketing Manager has got a crucial to role to play in the marketing firm in connection with achieving the organizational objectives. It is the Marketing Manager only who will take decision regarding the following things: a. How to deal with the production of products by adding new features to it. b. How to charge prices on the commodities before placing it for sale in the market. c. How to get and identify markets for the product. d. How to deal with the promotion and advertising strategies in order to increase the sales of the firm. e. How to provide good packages on the product regarding safely handling it, etc. The perception of marketing not only deals with the simple transaction of exchange of goods and services but also includes the complex and complicated transactions as well, connecting various interrelated and unified variables. As the thought regarding the same has changed, various experts have tried to put the definitions of marketing management at various points of time. One can really find the variations in the definitions because of the fact that marketing has no accepted fundamental hypothetical base like other streams have got. Thus, in short marketing management is the management which deals with the marketing activities of the firm.

1 illus

012415   Dahiya K S;Batra D K (Health and Hospital Management Dep, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, Email: Kirti6359@gmail.com) : Tourist decision making: exploring the destination choice criteria. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 140-53.

The research study is focused on "tourist decision making: exploring the destination choice criteria", for the popular heritage tourism circuit in India; the Golden triangle. Golden triangle comprises of a tourism circuit joining the three major cities in North India; Delhi, Agra and Jaipur. Tourist choice factors have been explored for the first time in India, for a zonal tourist destination like 'Golden Triangle'. 'Golden Triangle' is one of the top listed tourism circuits in the world, particularly in south-east Asia. Tourist decision making based on their evaluation criteria of the motivational and concern factors have been explored in the research study. Six factors are extracted from the twenty variables that were measured on Likert scale comprising motivational and concern factors. A statistical technique known as exploratory factor analysis was adopted for factors extractions. The factors are 'comfort', 'climatic conditions', 'sparkling reception', 'Incredible India', 'affordable tourist facilities' and 'events'. With the help of frequency distribution three other factors are also discovered. Three other factors that have influence on tourist's choice of destination are 'food', 'events' and 'nightlife' at the tourist destination. Overall, the research discovered nine factors that have influence on the - 10 - tourist decision making while selecting the destinations of golden triangle.

4 illus, 4 tables, 34 ref

012414   Charles A;Kasilingam R (NO, Manonmaniam Sundaranar University, Tirunelveli-627 012) : Retail investor's investment behaviour and their income-an analtyical study of Indian equity market. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 179-88.

In this technological era, money plays a major role of determining one's life. People have different options on investments. Investing is a word associated with risk and return. A stock market investment is one such option mostly preferred by investors while thinking about investments. This is the market which provides optimum return to the investors, if they handle in an appropriate way. Investors are often influenced by various biases in making investment decisions. Further, their investment behaviour is determined by certain demographic factors of age, marital status, gender, occupation, profession, financial dependents and income. Amongst these, income is the primary factor which determines most of the people's investment behaviour. The present study focuses the influence of investors' income on determining their investment behaviour. For this purpose, multistage random sampling method is used to collect the data from retail investors who are accessing the Indian equity market from Tamilnadu circle. The collected data were analyzed quantitatively by using the chi-square test and correspondence analysis test. The findings of this study reveal that individuals' income has shown significant influences of determining their investment behaviour. Further findings reveal that individuals' income is directly proportional to their financial literacy.

6 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

012413   Chakrabarty D;Biswas W (School of Management and Social Science, Haldia Institute of Technology, Haldia Affiliated to West Bengal Univ, West Bengal) : Implementing the aspects of financial inclusion in the phase of demonetisation - the probable pros and cons in Indian context. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 138-41.

The concept of 'financial inclusion' was introduced by the reserve bank of India in April 2005 with an objective of delivering financial services to the economically challenged and underdeveloped segment of the society at an affordable rate. RBI encouraged the formal banking sector as well as the microfinance sector to provide soft loans and savings facilities especially to the poor with a flexible documentation process to attract them under the umbrella of RBI. This will not only improve the financial stake of the low-income group of the country, but also ensure them a safe investment and will increase the portfolio size of the bank and NBFCs. In 2014, The Government of India announced 'Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna" to expand the financial inclusion project by bringing more people under banking and banking spread sector. On 8th November 2016, Mr Narendra Modi, Prime minister of India ceased 500 and 1000 rupee notes as legal tender which can be termed as demonetization. Although the immediate mission was to eradicate black money, fake money and terror financing; it can be considered as a way forward to the 'Jan Dhan Yojna" and hence can be used as a strategy instrument of imposing financial inclusion across the country. This paper examines the advantages and disadvantages of demonetization in implementing financial inclusion in India. In spite of the fact that demonetization will force the people to make their transaction through bank and NBFCs, there are serious challenges like the liquidity crunch of the cash based segment of the economy, the bank and digital literacy issues etc. In this paper the challenging issues have been addressed as well as the bottleneck of financial inclusion in post-demonetization period has - 9 - been discussed by identifying the crucial parameters like percentage of people having bank account, the percentage of people uses mobile and /or internet, the literacy percentage of the country, the policy of the banks, the documentation requirement of the bank and feasibility of the poor section etc.

9 ref

012412   Binh T V (NO, 1-University of Economics, Ho Chi Minh City, Email: binhtv@ueh.edu.vn) : Network and its impact on product quality/performance: the case of pangasius farmer in the Mekong river delta, Vietnam. Asian J Mgmt Res 2016, 7(2), 115-28.

The paper is going to find out impacts of pangasius farmer's network linkages on its farming, particularly for product quality. Pangasius is fresh fish and has a significant distribution to the government's budget and rural employment generation. A qualified sample of 200 pangasius farmers is employed. There are three farmer groups considered, including individual farmers, farmers being members of the fishery association, and farmers being members of the company's fish club. Based on statistical methods, the study finds empirical evidence of significant relationships between the farmer's harvested fish and its network linkages. Evidence also confirmed that the farmer produces high quality of pangasius once it uses network linkages with farming technique system. Also, using network linkages of contract farming system and market information, the farmer gets the higher product quality. More interestingly, the farmers belong to the fishery association, and the fish club of the company, they have more advantages to approach network linkages to increase their product quality. Findings as mentioned are positive contributions to policy decision makers to strengthen network linkages of the farmer toward quality improvements of pangasius.

5 tables, 24 ref

012411   Bhatia S (NO, Dr. Virendra Swarup Group of Institutions, Kanpur) : Advantages of the training and development for the employees. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(4), 134-7.

In this era where competition is increasing day by day in the corporate world training and development has become one of the important key to achieve success. Training is an important subsystem of Human Resource Development. It is a specialized function and is one of the fundamental operative functions for known resource management. Development is a long-term educational process utilizing a systematic and organized procedure by which managerial personnel get conceptual and theoretical knowledge. Basically, it is an attempt to improve the current or future employee performance of the employee by increasing his or her ability to perform through learning, usually by changing the employee's attitude or increasing his or her skills and knowledge. These types of training and development programs help in improving the employee behavior and attitude towards the job and also uplift their morale. Thus, employee training and development programs are important aspects which are needed to be studied and focused on. This paper focusses on the advantages of the training and development for the employee's.

6 ref