008363   Panikar M V N;Krishnan S (Botany Dep, Centre for Biodiversity of Microflora, S.N.College, Kollam, Kerala) : Stages of Zygospore spp formation in two species of desmids from Kerala. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 913-14.

Different stages of zygospore formation in two species of desmids : Closterium acerosum (Schrank) Ehrenberg and Tetmemorus brebissonii (Menegh.) Rolfs., collected from different places of Kerala are presented with the help of diagrams.

4 illus, 10 ref

008362   Pande H C (Botanical Survey of India, , Dehra Dun) : Pteridophytic floristic diversity in Corbett tiger reserve, Uttaranchal. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 803-11.

Deals with a brief taxonomic account of 46 species of pteridophytes (39 ferns and 7 fern-allies) belonging to 26 genera under 18 families collected from Corbett Tiger Reserve of Uttaranchal. A brief description of all the taxa with ecology, localities, collector's name with field no. have been provided.

6 ref

008361   Mishra K N;Yadav K N (Botany Dep, T.D.P.G. College, Jaunpur-222 002) : Growth studies of some tree species growing in urban atmosphere. Bioved 2008, 19(1-2), 109-115.

In order to determine the differences in response of tropical evergreen and deciduous trees towards urban air pollution three different tree species viz. Ashok (Polyalthia longifolia) Linn (Family Caesalpiniaceae), Mango. (Mangifera indica) Linn (Anacardiaceae) and Shisham (Da/berg/a sissoo) Linn (Family Papilionaceae) growing in different packets of Jaunpur city were studied. The trees are exposed to ambient urban air dominated by automobile and vehicular exhausts. A reference site was also selected as control away from the city area in the same locality. The biomass, growth at breast height (G.B.H)., growth rate, canopy cover, number of leaves per twig with chlorophyll content were estimated. Trees were also tested for their biochemical parameters like ascorbic acid (AA), soluble sugars (SS), glutathione (G.S.H.) and starch (St.) contents. Phloem exudates were also collected and soluble sugars are estimated to monitor translocation of photosynthates. The difference between one tree species growing at polluted site than that of control one were significant at (P<0.05). The data indicate a decline in leaf chlorophyll content, biomass, canopy cover, number of leaves per twig in affected plants. Higher accumulation of starch were observed in deciduous species. The G.B.H., growth rate, amount of photosynthate, rate of dry matter accumulation (i.e. productivity) is reduced significantly in all the tree species at affected sites. The leaves show premature defoliation in affected plants. The evergreens showed higher translocation of photosynthates and continuous growth was observed.

2 tables, 33 ref

008360   Matthew K M (The Rapinat Herbarium, St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirapalli-620 002) : Exotic flowering plants of the coromandel coast. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 773-97.

Deals with 341 exotic species of flowering plants belonging to 259 genera under 80 families from coromandel coast. Besides correct nomenclature, the authentic specimens and literature on which the results are based have been provided in tabular form for future reference.

1 table, 9 ref

008359   Maheshwari R (NO, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore-560019, Email: ramesh.maheshwari01@gmail.com) : Botanist, mycorrhiza and a knighthood. Resonance 2008, 13(6), 541-7.

Most plants are attached via their roots to specialized fungi. The filamentous hyphae of these fungi extend beyond the nutrient-depleted zone in the soil, absorbing and supplying nutrients to the plants in exchange for photosynthetically-made carbon compounds manufactured by the plant. The hyphae also attach to litter and decompose the organic matter, releasing the mineral ions sequestered in the structural poly-men. The mineral ions are absorbed and translocated to the roots. Most plants are so dependent on their fungal partners for supplying nutrients that they languish or die without them. This fascinating interaction, to a large extent, has come from the pioneering work of Sir David J Read, FRS, Emeritus Professor of Plant Sciences at the University of Sheffield, UK.

5 illus, 5 ref

008358   Lal J (Botanical Survey of India, 10-Chatham Lines, Allahabad-211 002) : Contributions to the bryoflora of central Indian zone III. mosses of Amarkantak, Madhya Pradesh, India. Bioved 2008, 19(1-2), 137-140.

During the course of studies on the moss flora of Amarkantak 37 taxa (35 species and 2 var.) belonging to 25 genera and 15 families were collected and are being reported for the first time. Of these, Bryum arachnoideum C. Muell. (Fam. Sryaceae) is a new record for India.

8 ref

008357   Kadam R M;Allapure R B;Biradar R G;Jadhav B S (NO, Aerobiology Research Center Mahatma Gandhi Mahavidyalaya, Ahmedpur, Dist. Latur) : Screening of some medicinal plants for antifungal activity from Udgir, India. Ecol Envir Conserv 2008, 14(1), 175-7.

Attempt was made to evaluate antifungal assay of crude extract of some medicinal plants which are very common in our area. The extract tested possess various degree of anitifungal activity. Medicinal plants exhibit antifungal activity since they contain innumerable biological active (compound) chemical constituents. Plants selected for antifungal assays are commonly present.These plants include Lantana indica, Ailanthus excelsa. Annona squamosa. The collected plants were indentified with the help of flora of Madras Presidency. Plants collected were used for the evaluation of antifungal properties. The plants were shade dried and then powdered and crude extract, alcoholic extract were prepared. Seed Mycoflora of Groundnut. Jawar and Tur were isolated by blotter paper method.The fungi associated with seed are Aspergillus, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Pencillium, Akaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Cephalosporium etc. The seeds are treated with these plant extracts of 5, 10 & 15 min., the seeds treated the Lantana indica inhibit the growth of many dominant fungi like Fusarium, Alternaria, Cladosporium, Curvularia etc. From this study it is noted that the plant extracts are used as antifungal agents and these plants extracts are not hazardous like Pesticides.

3 tables, 11 ref

008356   Joseph T S;Mathew M (Botany Dep, St. Thomas College, Ranni, Pathanamthitta Dist, Kerala) : Description and ecology of two medicinally important species in the genus Nervilia Guad in Kerala, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 996-9.

Ecology and distribution of the genus Nervilia Guad. belonging to the Orchidaceae is presented. The study showed that two species of Nervilia, viz. Nervilia aragoana Gaud. and Nervilia plicata (Andr.) Schltr., are distributed in the forest regions of Kerala, India. The former grows in forested as well as non-forested areas in the State, while the latter is a typical species of deep forests.

2 illus, 9 ref

008355   Jishtu V;Goraya G S;Rawat G S (NO, Himalayan Forest Research Institute, Shimla) : Flora of Rupi Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary: a checklist. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 953-74.

Survey of flora of Rupi-Bhaba Wildlife Sanctuary revealed the occurrence of 635 species belonging to 247 genera under 103 families. The flora has been classified as angiosperms and gymnosperms and the families are arranged as per Bentham & Hooker [1862-83] system of classification. Further, the genera under a family and species thereafter follow an alphabetic sequence. For each species, correct botanical name with author citation and vernacular name, if any, have been cited, besides habit, distributional altitudinal range and local uses.

12 ref

008354   Jeewa Ram;Chatta L;Thakor B B L (Plant Pathology Dep, Rajasthan College of Agriculture, MPUAT, Udaipur-313 001) : Efficacy of botanicals against Fusarium solani, the incitent of storage rot in ginger. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 921-24.

Ginger is the rhizome of herbaceous perennial Zingiber officinale Rose. The parts of nineteen medicinal and aromatic plants (rhizomes, bulb, leaves and flowers) were extracted and then screened in vitro for their antifungal activity against Fusarium solani inciting dry storage rot of ginger during storage conditions. Extract of Allium sativum L., Datura stramonium L., Azadirachta indica A. Juss., Lantana camara L., Ocimum tenuiflorum L., Diospyros cordifolia Roxb. and Lawsonia inermis was found most effective to inhibit the mycelial growth of fungus.

1 table, 10 ref

008353   Gurudev Singh B;Wrrier R R;Anandalakshmi R; Kumar A M;Shanthi K;Shivalingam R (Div of Seed Technology, Institute of Forest Genetics and Tree Breeding (IFGTB), Forest Campus, R.S.Puram, P.B. No. 1061, Coimbatore-641 002, Email: gurudevsingh@yahoo.com) : Vegetative propagation of Tinospora cordifolia- a folkloric and ayurvedic medicinal plant. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 812-17.

Several medicinal plants have been assessed as endangered, vulnerable and threatened due to over harvesting or unskillful harvesting. Conservation strategies need to be adopted for continuous supply to meet the ever increasing demand and sustainable utilization of resources. Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers. ex Hf. f. & Th. is widely used in Indian Ayurvedic medicines. The stem is harvested for therapeutic uses. Vegetative propagation studies to standardise the size of the cuttings and auxin requirements were attempted. Futher, variation in rooting ability of Tinospora cordifolia (Willd.) Miers ex Hk.f. & Th. germplasm collected from different geographical locations was also tested. The species rooted well without any hormone treatment with 96 per cent rooting. A variation in rooting ability was observed with cutting from different locations. Altitudinal variations also had an effect on rooting and survival ability of the cutting, with high altitude germplasm showing a rooting of 20 per cent and survival of 11 per cent.

2 tables, 8 ref

008352   Gupta A;Rawat A;Tiwari E;Sahu T R (Dep of Botany, Dr. H.S. Gour Vishwavidyalaya, Sagar) : Weed flora of sagar in rainy season & post rainy season. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 839-44.

Deals with about 119 species belonging to 81 general and 26 families of the rainy and post rainy weed flora of Sagar. Besides enumeration of species, phenology and habit of the plants have been recorded.

2 tables, 11 ref

008351   Fredan M A A (College of Science, King Faisal University, P.O. Box 5324, Al-Hassa - 31982, Saudi Arabia, Email: Malfredan@kfu.edu.sa) : Diversity of rimth (Haloxylon salicornicum (MOQ) Bunge ex boiss. communities in the eastern region of Saudi Arabia. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 1000-08.

Dwarf shrubs play a predominant role in the natural vegetation cover of eastern Saudi Arabia. Rimth (Haloxylon salicornicum (Moq.) Bunge ex Boiss.) is a perennial shrub of sandy and saline areas of the desert, dominates in some parts of the region. It is an important economic plant used for sand stabilization, pasture and fuel. Habitat destruction and fragmentation have restricted an increasing number of plant species to small and isolated populations. In a vast land area of Eastern province, the Rimth communities are now restricted to three regions only, Al-Hassa, Harad and Nairiyah. These plant communities also show decline in vegetation due to various reasons. This study dealt with the characteristic diversity of the Rimth communities and the influence of environmental changes on this diversity. Rimth in the study areas was accompanied by a large number of winter ephemerals. Such ephemerals account for the greatest proportion of species community. (>90%). The number of associated species in Hassa and Harad was limited. The three sites had a lower species diversity than the other regions. Nairiyah site contained the largest number of species and had the highest percentage of vegetation cover. The results suggested that the diversity of Rimth populations depend on their location characteristics.

1 illus, 5 tables, 27 ref

008350   Das A K;Dutta B K;Sharma G D (Botany Dep, S S College, Hailakandi-788 151) : Tea garden flora of Barak valley, Assam, India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 858-66.

Survey of Tea Garden flora of Barak Valley has been carried out during the last three years, covering all the seasons of the year. In the present investigation a total 105 plant species are reported. Out of the total 105 plants, 14 species are pteridophytes and 91 species are angiosperms. The present survey revealed that amongst the pteridophytes the dominant family was found to be Pteridaceae, while among he angiosperms the family Orchidaceae and Poaceae were found to be the dominant, compared to others.

29 ref

008349   Dan M (NO, Tropical Botanic Garden and Research Institute, Palode, Thiruvananthapuram-695 562, Kerala) : Taxonomic approach to the plants of the bible. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 798-802.

Bible referred more than hundred plants, which were closely interwoven to the ancient civilizations of the Middle East regions. The botanical identities of some taxa are doubtful, but the contextual evidences in the scripture and the commentaries of the scholars could resolve the problem p to certain extend. The vascular taxa of the Bible chiefly pertained to fifty five families of angioserms and two Gymnosperm families. Poaceae, Fabaceae, Asteraceae and Liliaceae are the predominant families. Most frequently mentioned species are Vitis vinifera L., Ficus carica L., Olea europaea L., Cedrus libani A. Rich. and triticum aestivum L.

1 table, 5 ref

008348   Chakrabarty T;Balakrishnan N P (Botanical Survey of India, , Sikkim Himalayan Circle, Gangtok-737 103, Email: c_tapa@vsnl.net) : Miscellaneous notes on some species of Mallotus (Euphorbiaceae) of Indian and Myanmar. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 867-71.

Mallotus oreophilus Muell.-Arg. is ivalidly published being without citation of any type speciment or reference to earlier published names. Two varieties, var. ochracealbidus and var. floccosus were described under it with citation of specimens. It is now found that M. oreophilus is synonymous to M. nepalensis and the two varieties are transferred to M. nepalensis. Mallotus montanus (Muell.-Arg.) Airy shaw and M. macrostachyus (Miq.) Muell.-Arg. are recorded for the first time from Myanmar. The correct name for M. tetracoccus (Roxb.) Kurz is found to be M. ferrugineus (Roxb.) Muell.-Arg., M. oblongifolius (Miq.) Muell.-Arg. and M. Helferi Muell.-Arg. is M. peltatus (Geisel.) Muell.-Arg. with two varieties. Mallotus stenanthus Muell.-Arg. is reduced to a variety under M. resinosus (Blanco) Merr.

008347   Baruah A;Nath S C (Botany Dep, Darrang College (GU), Tezpur-784 001) : Systematics and diversities of Cinnamomum species used as "Cinnamon" spice in north-east India. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 872-87.

Systematic census of Cinnamomum species used as "cinnamon" spice in Northeast India was conducted during 1994-1997. Fourteen taxa with variable phenotypic and odoriferous characters were collected. On critical study with emphasis to their morphology, foliar epidermal and venation characters these taxa revealed to be comprising of seven species namely C. assamicum Nath & Baruah, C. bejolghota (Buch.-Ham.) Sweet, C. cassia Blume, C. iners Reinw., C. pauciflorum Nees, C. sulphuratum Nees and C.verum Presl. for each taxon latest botanical names alongwith its synonyms, taxonomic citations, morphological descriptions (variant, if any), phenology, occurrence, distribution, uses and significant foliar epidermal and venation characters hae been appended. A taxonomic key to differentiate the taxa, formulated on the basis of evaluated characters, has also been provided.

3 illus, 21 ref

008346   Agbagwa I O;Okoli B E (Dep of Plant Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, University of Port Harcourt, P.M.B. 5323, Port Harcourt, Rivers State, Nigeria) : Fruit epidermal features in the systematics of Abrus adanson papilionaceae in parts of tropical West Africa. J Econ Taxon Bot 2007, 31(4), 845-57.

Comparative epidermal studies using simple microscopy on herbarium and fresh fruits of three Abrus Abanson species )A. canescens Welw. ex Bak., A. precatorius L. and A. pulchellus Wall. ex Thw.) and a new collection of Abrus sp., occurring in parts of Tropical West Africa show that they are characterized by stomata, trichomes and other epidermalf features. The epidermal cell shape in the species is irregular with straight anticlinal pattern in the new collection Abrus sp., but straight and arcuate in the other three. Observed differences in the dimensions of epidermal cell are such that a sort of similarity exists between A. pulchellus and the new collection abrus sp. With ten stomata types observed in the species, stomata features are the most striking. The restriction of sunken paracytic stomata in a. precatorius, brachy-para-hexacytic monopolar type in the new collection Abrus sp. and hexacytic and contiguous types in a. canescens are reasonably diagnostic. Stomata in groups of two occurring in clusters between 10-13 were observed in A. pulchellus and a. canescens. Stomatal Index (SI) value are distinct for each species (2.81 in A. precatorius and 15.74 in Abrus sp. and A. pulchellus), being the lowest and highest in the genus. The glandular multicellular and simple unbranched trichomes are present in all species as well as crystals encrusted in cells. The study aims at improving systematic information on the genus, which is hitherto scanty.

4 illus, 4 tables, 25 ref

007295   Zadi N;Sinha M R (Botany Dep, P.G. Centre, Jamshedpur Co-operative College, Jamshedpur-831 001) : Agaricus trisulphuratus Berkeley - a mew report from Saranda forest of Jharkhand. J Res-Birsa Agric Univ 2008, 20(1), 103-5.

^ssc2 illus

007294   Wadoodkhan M A;Solanke S N;Shaikh R I (Botany Dep, Herbarium of Cyperaceae Majalgaon College, Majalgaon, Beed, Maharashtra) : Scirpus articulatus (S.L.) - a complex in cyperaceae. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3), 294-305.

Attempts to clear put a confused picture of specific delimitation and diagnosis of 6 taxa of Scirpus articulatus complex, which have been enumerated with diagnostic key, illustrations and recent nomenclature.

5 illus, 26 ref

007293   Tripathi P P;Pandey P;Mishra R K (Botany Dep, M.L.K. (P.O.) College, Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh) : Leaf impressions from the Siwalik beds of south-eastern Bhutan and their climatic signifiance. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 169-73.

Two leaf impressions collected from Darranga river section of the Siwalik beds (Formation II, Middle Miocene-Pliocene) of Bhutan have been described with their climatic significance. A comparative study of the leaf impressions has been done with the modern taxa Lagerstroemia parviflora Roxb. and Lagerstroemia microcorpa Linn of the family Lythraceae. Occurrence of these two leaf impressions indicate that tropical evergreen forest may have flourished under warm humid climatic conditions in the Himalayan foot hills of Bhutan during Mio-Pliocene times.

4 illus, 23 ref

007292   Thoke R B;Sabale D (Botany Dep, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Seed borne fungi of some economically important leguminous crops. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 419-20.

Seeds of Chickpea, Cluster bean, Hyacinth bean and Lentil crops were examined for associated mycoflora by using Blotter, Agar Plate and Seed Washing methods. Sixty four fungal species belonging to 26 genera were recorded. Predominant among these were Aspergillus (16), Alternaria (5), Chaetomium (5) Cladosporium (4), Mucor (4), Rhizopus (3), Fuarium (3), Penicillium (3), Curvularia (2), Drechslera (2), Phialophora (2), while the remaining 15 genera were represented by single species.

5 ref

007291   Tejavathi D H;Gayathramma K (Botany Dep, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore, Karnataka) : Micropropagation through leaf culture of Agave vera-cruz Mill.. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 113-16.

Protocol for micropropagation of Agave vera-cruz Mill. through leaf culture has been developed. In vitro grown immature leaf explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog medium with L2 vitamins (MMS) containing 3% Sucrose and 0.8% Agar. Callus was initiated on MMS + 2, 4-D (4.52 mM) + BAP (8.8 mM). Highest rate of regeneration was observed when this callus was sub-cultured on MMS + 1AA (17.10 mM) + BAP (17.6 mM). Shoots of about 5-6 cm were excised along with basal callus from the mother callus and sub-cultured on MMS + IB A (2.52 mM) + BAP (8.8 mM) + GA₃ (2.5 mM) for further proliferation and elongation of shoots. Roots were developed at the base of these shoots after two weeks of culture on the same medium. Regeneration of the plantlets through organogenesis was confirmed by histological studies. Four months old plantlets were transferred to pots containing sand, soil and manure in the ratio of 1:1:1 without any intervening hardening phase. 70 to 80 per cent of survival was recorded.

6 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

007290   Swarupa Rani S;Mathur S;Rajani M (Botany Dep, S.N. Vanitha Mahavidyalaya Research Centre, Exhibition Grounds, Nampally, Hyderabad-500 001) : Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungal root colonization in certain medicinal and ornamental plants of apiaceae. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3), 240-3.

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungi form obligate symbiotic association with roots of angiosperms and other plants. Their root colonization is one of the parameters to evaluate host-dependency. In the investigation 7, plants belonging to the family Apiaceae were screened for AM fungal root colonization.

2 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

007289   Suthar R K;Rathore P;Purohit S D (Plant Biotechnology Lab, Botany Dep, Mohanlal Sukhadia University, Udaipur-313 001) : In vitro growth and shoot multiplication in Terminalia bellerica Roxb. under controlled carbon dioxide environment. Indian J expl Biol 2009, 47(3), 204-9.

The shoot cultures of Terminalia bellerica Roxb. were grown on Murashige and Skoog's medium containing 1.5 mg l^-1 BAP (6- benzyl aminopurine), and supplemented with or without sucrose (3 %). A range of CO₂ concentrations (0.0, 0.6, 10, 40 g^-3) was provided in small acrylic chambers by using different concentrations and combinations of NaHCO₃ (sodium bicarbonate), Na₂CO₃ (sodium carbonate), KHCO₃ (potassium bicarbonate) and K₂CO₃ (potassium carbonate). To obtain a CO₂-free environment, a saturated solution of 10 % of KOH (potassium hydroxide) was kept in the chamber. Complete absence of carbon source caused death of shoots within 20 days. Under controlled and enriched CO₂, the shoots grew fully photoautotropically on sucrose-free medium. The growth of cultures was better with carbon dioxide (40 g^-3) than sucrose (3%) in the medium. Maximum number of shoots, number of leaves per cluster, fresh and dry weight and chlorophyll contents were recorded when both sucrose and CO₂ (40 g^-3) were provided to the culture.

007288   Survase S A;Sardesai M M (Botany Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University, Aurangabad-431 004) : Additions to the flora of Marathwada. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 314-19.

Deals with addition of twenty nine species of flowering plants to the flora of Marathwada. Updated nomenclature, family, locality and description are given for each species.

7 ref

007287   Srivastava S (P.T.L. Physics Dep, Govt Polytechnic, , Chapra) : Effect of monochromatic light on flowering plant Brassica comoestris L. Bull Bio Sci 2006, 4(2), 103-6.

Electromagnetic waves play key role in the germination, growth, flowering and reproductive features of plants. Electromagnetic waves coming to the earth interact with matter and here the plant of Brassica comperstris L has been taken as matter. White light coming to the earth is a combination of seven colours having different wave-lengths. In addition to these visible light, infrared rays, far infrared rays, ultraviolet rays are invisible electromagnetic waves which influence the organic world. That is white light, a combination of all mentioned rays activates the physiological activities of plants regulated with soil water relationship, all synthetic processes, catabolic processes, growth, photoperiodism, vernalization and movement produces. Supposing if single monochromatic light coming to the earth from cosmos may have some effect on the biological activities. Considering this attempt has been made to study the effect of single monochromatic electromagnetic wave on plant of Brassica compestris L. Effect of blue, green, yellow and red light on percentage of germination and vegetative growth have been examined.

5 tables, 3 ref

007286   Singla R;Singh J;Kumar D (Biotechnology Dep, S.B.S. (P.G.) Institute of Biomedical Science and Research, Balawala) : Heat shock proteins (HSPs) and acquisition of thermo tolerance in higher plants. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 252-7.

Plants are sessile organisms and their ability to adapt to stress is crucial for survival in natural environment. The analysis of stress responsiveness in plants is an important route to the discovery of genes conferring stress tolerance and their use in crop improvement programmes. Many observations suggested a relationship between stress tolerance and heat shock proteins in higher plants but role of individual protein is yet to be characterized. A correlation between HSP induction and adaptation to stress in higher plants is the subject of this review article.

^iia2 illus, 53 ref

007285   Singh I P;Ansari N A;Gautam A;Shukla D; Srivastava S;Mishra V A;Shukla S;Srivastava G P;Tewari J P (Botany Dep, M.L.K. (P.G.) College, Balrampur, Uttar Pradesh) : Some metabolic changes in pea (Pisum sativum L.) infected with mosaic virus. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 192-6.

Primary and secondary metabolites viz.carbohydrates, proteins, amino acids and phenols have received considerable attention in relation to resistance in plants against diseases. Total carbohydrate, amino acid and protein in different parts of infected plants by pea mosaic virus and healthy plants were carried out. Root nodulation and root abnormality were also observed. Carbohydrate amount of healthy and infected leaves, stem and root increased, with the increase in growth of plants. Amino acid amount in different counter pans of diseased plants were higher as compared to healthy. Protein content was always higher in infected plant parts (leaf, stem and root) than their healthy counterparts, but maximum protein content was found in diseased leaves (18.70 mg/ g) followed by root and stem (12.10 and 9.85 mg/g). The results revealed, that pea mosaic virus infection was also found to reduce the number, size and fresh weight of root nodules. The number of secondary roots and nodules decreased significantly in diseased plants. The phenolic content decreased with the increase in infection in plants.

5 tables, 12 ref

007284   Shirgave P D;Sonar B A (Botany Dep, Shivaji University, Kolhapur-416 004) : Propagation of Jatropha curcas L. through stem cuttings. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 412-13.

2 tables, 7 ref

007283   Shinde V;Pawar A B (P.G. Botany Dep, Yashavantrao Chavan Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Some aquatic hyphomycetes from Satara district. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 423-4.

1 illus, 2 ref

007282   Shinde M R;Bhamburdekar S B (P.G. Botany Dep, Plant Physiology Sect, Krishna Mahavidyalaya, Rethare, Satara-415 110) : Effect of aluminium toxicity on the activity of enzyme lipase during groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) seed germination. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 362-3.

Deals with the study of effect of different concentrations of aluminum on the activity of enzyme lipase during seed germination of two groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) cultivars. In groundnut cultivar W-55, different aluminum concentrations stimulated the enzyme activity upto 72 hrs. The highest enzyme activity was noticed at 48 hrs and 72 hrs of seed germination under the influence of aluminum which declined in later stages of seed germination. Similar pattern was noticed with cv. SB-11 in response to various aluminum concentrations.

2 tables, 4 ref

007281   Shinde A B;Hallale B V;Vaidya A P (Botany Dep, Sharda College, Parbhani-431 401) : Screening of mycoflora from the receptacles of marking nut. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3A), 228-30.

Marking nut (Semicarpus ancardium Linn) belonging to the family Anacardiaceae is a medicinally and economically important plant. The receptacles are edible. These receptacles were found to be highly infected with different moulds. Therefore, the study of surface mycoflora growing on the fleshy as well as sun dried receptacle was undertaken. Ten different fungal species were isolated using blotter and agar plate method. The fungi isolated were Rhizopus, Aspergillus, Fusarium, Alternaria, Penicillium cladosporium, Curvularia and Non sporulating mycelia. The agar plate method was found to be more useful as compared to blotter method.

2 tables, 4 ref

007280   Shereena J;Salim N (Botany Dep, Physiology and Biochemistry Div, Calicut Univ, Malappuram, Kerala) : Effect of temperature treatment on leachate conductivity of Pisum sativum L. seeds during imbibition. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 85-9.

Pisum sativum seeds exposed to temperature of 35, 40, 45 and 50°C retaining cent percent viability, were allowed to imbibe water at room temperature (30±2°C) and in cold condition (Refrigerator, 3 ± l°C) and electrical conductivity of steep water (leachate) was measured at intervals of 1 hr upto 12 hrs and at 24th hr. Highest values of conductivity observed in seeds treated at 45°C and 50°C when imbibed at room temperature are correlated to disorganized cell membranes and cracked testa at higher temperature. In the cold, the leachate conductivity was more compared to that of room temperature and more or less uniform in all seed samples due to reduced cellular membrane repair at low temperature. Significant increase in leachate conductivity of seeds treated out 50°C and imbibed under cold condition is discussed as a cumulative effect of imbibitional injury and chilling injury.

2 tables, 33 ref

007279   Shekhawat M S;Dixit A K (Botany Dep, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Karaikal, Pondicherry) : Micropropagation of Phyllanthus amarus (Schum and Thom) through nodal shoot segment culture. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 79-84.

Methods were developed in investigation for cloning and large scale plant production of Phyllanthus amarus (Shum &Thom) from the germplasm selected from the arid areas of Rajasthan, India. Nodal shoots segments were used as explants. These explants were dressed and surface sterilized. Multiple shoots were induced by proliferation of axillary buds/meristem on Murashige & Skoog's (MS) semisolid' medium + 2.0 mgl-1 6-Benzylaminopurine (BAP). The shoots of P. amarus were further multiplied on modified MS (MMS) + 0.1 mgl-1 Indole 3-acetic acid (1AA) + 0.5 mgl-1 each of BAP and Kinetin. The in vitro generated shoots were rooted on half-strength MS medium containing 2.0 mgl-1 Indole 3-butyric acid (IBA) + 2.0 mgl-1 IAA with 100 mgl-1 activa:ed charcoal. By this method 78% shoots were rooted. The shoots could also be rooted by pulse treatment with 300 mgl-1 IBA solution for 4 minutes. Only 46% shoots were rooted within 2-3 weeks in this method. The in vitro rooted plants could be hardened and acclimatized in green house and transplanted to the field successfully

5 illus, 5 tables, 10 ref

007278   Shekhawat M S (Botany Dep, Arignar Anna Govt. Arts College, Karaikal, Pondicherry) : New methods for sterilization of explants and hardening of cucurbitaceous plant. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 228-30.

Studies were conducted to develop special methods of sterilization of selected Cucurbitaceous female plants. Nodal explants were harvested for surface sterilization and initiation of cultures. The cut ends of nodal explants were sealed in liquid wax and then surface sterilized. 100 % survival rate of explants was observed in tissue culture by this method. On the other hand, when the plants were hardened. they should get physical support and they also require habitat soil for the rapid development of root system which is the prerequisite for survival of these plants. In this method 97 % plants survived in the field conditions.

2 tables, 13 ref

007277   Sathe S D;Kajale M D;Kamble S Y (NO, Abasaheb Garware College, Karve Road, Pune-411 061) : Holocene, palynological and palaeoenvironmental aspects with reference to sites in Nagpur district, Maharashtra, India. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3A), 188-96.

Multidisciplinary approach in study of Lithostratigraphy, sediment logical features, pollen analysis, Nonpolleniferous palynomorphs, Neoecology and phytogeography, study of invertebrate (shells), vertebrates remains, lacustral archaeological remains in form of antiquities in washed (Tools, potsherds, Terracotta beads), Local geomorphology, Mineral magnetic study and Radiocarbon dating have been undertaken. The Human palaeoecological approach at the lake site has been designed to provide Historic and Geo-phytological basis for understanding extant Biodiversity in the region.

7 illus, 3 ref

007276   Salgare S A (NO, , Salgare Research Foundation Pvt. Ltd., Parthamesh Society, Shivaji Chowk, Karjat, Maharashtra) : Variation in the resting period of pollen of successive flowers of five forms of Petunia axillaris bsp. In vitro culture of sugars (D-glucose and sucrose) and further evidence of a criticism of Saoji and Chitaley (1972). Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 261-3.

^iia16 ref

007275   Salgare S A (NO, , Salgare Research Foundation PVT. LTD., Prathamesh Society, Shivaji Chowk, Karjat, Maharashtra) : Megasporogenesis in Dolichos lablab L.: Further evidence of a criticism of Roy (1933). Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 258-60.

Dolichos lablab L. is a member of the tribe Phaseoleae of the Papilionaceae. In one micropreparation, chalazal cell of the dyad contained a single nucleus and the micropylar one two nuclei. In one more micropreparation only three cells (a linear arrangement of three cells) were found. However, Roy (1933) was not aware of such an important anomalies in Dolichos lablab. This proves his superficial and misleading observations.

^iia24 ref

007274   Salgare S A (NO, , Salgare Research Foundation Pvt. Ltd., Prathamesh Society, Shivaji Chowk, Karjat, Maharashtra) : Effect of fernoxone on the rate of pollen germination and tube growth of successive flowers of five cultivars of Petunia axillaris BSP. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 231-4.

Atrataf 50 W stimulated the rate of germination of pollen and tube growth in F series of violet-flowered and F-24 series of white-violet-flowered cultivars of Petunia axillaris. It produced maximum stimulation (100.00%) in the rate of pollen germination as well as the tube growth of F-24 series of white-violet-flowered cultivar. Atrataf 50W caused maximum inhibition in the rate of germination of pollen (28.52%) and tube growth (93.33%) of F series of white-violet-flowered cultivar of Petunia axillaris.

^iia35 ref

007273   Sajeed Ali S;Manver A V;Vidhale N N (Microbiology Dep, Shri Shivaji Science College, Amravati, Maharashtra) : Rhizospheric pseudomonas and their biocontrol potential against fungal pathogen of groundnut and soybean. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 406-8.

Plant growth promoting activity of rhizospheric and soil Pseudomonas sp. was investigated to elucidate their role in preventing the deleterious effects of phytopathogenic fungi. The Pseudomonas sp. showed hydroxamate and chatcolate type siderophore production on Succinate medium and were able to inhibit phytopathogenic fungi such as Macrophomina phaseolina, Fusarium oxysporum, Aspergillus niger, A. flavus. It was found that Pseudomonas sp. had plant growth promoting activity.

3 tables, 15 ref

007272   Sagar S D;Kulkarni S;Hegde Y R (Plant Pathology Dep, Agricultural Sciences Univ, Dharwad, Karnataka) : Management of rhizome rot of singer by botanical. Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 155-8.

Rhizome rot of ginger is a complex disease which is caused by Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium solani. Efficacy of fourteen plant extracts were evaluated against Pythium aphanidermatum and Fusarium solani at 5 and 10 per cent concentrations. Among 14 plant extracts Azadirachta indica showed maximum inhibition of mycelial growth (63.72%) of P. aphanidermatum. Among 14 plant extract tested against F. solani, maximum inhibition of mycelial growth was noticed in Ferula asafeotida powder extract (68.51 %) followed by Ocimum leaf extract (60.16%).

2 tables, 5 ref

007271   Renuka R;Prakasam V;Ravichandran V (Plant Pathology Dep, Adhiparasakthi Agricultural College, G.B. Nagar, Tamil Nadu) : Biochemical changes in chrysanthemum infected with leaf blight (Alternaria chlamydospora). Int J Pl Sci 2007, 2(2), 152-4.

Chrysanthemum, an important flower crop grown in India next to rose and jasmine, suffers due to incidence of several diseases. Alternaria chalmydospora causes leaf blight disease and causes severe losses. Biochemical analysis of the infected plant revealed that the quantity of total sugars, reducing sugars, non reducing sugars and phenols were less in top, middle and bottom healthy leaves han in the diseased leaves. Higher content of sugars and phenols were recorded only in bottom infected leaves when compared to top and middle leaves.

1 table, 15 ref

007270   Pinos-Rodriguez J M;Gonzalez-Munoz S;Badillo B;Garcia-Lopez J C;Aguirre-Rivera J R;Infante S (Instituto de Investigacion de Zonas Deserticas, Universidad Autonoma de San Luis Potosi, Altair 200 Fracc. del Llano. 78377. San Luis Potosi. S.L.P. Mexico) : Chemical composition and ruminal in vitro degradation of fresh or silage of Agave salmiana Otto ex. Salm-Dick. J appl Anim Res 2008, 33(1), 45-8.

Chemical composition and in vitro DM ruminal degradation of whole plant or leaves of Agave salmiana immature, mature or castrated, fresh or silage were estimated. Results suggest that silage process affected pH, DM, NDF, ADF, ash and in vitro DM ruminal degradation, but did not reduce saponin concentration. DM, OM, CP, ADF, ash and DM degradation rate was modified by maturity. Moreover, segment plant impacted OM, CP, ash, saponin and DM degradation rate. Fermentative compounds were found in normal concentrations in the A. salmiana silages.

3 tables, 17 ref

007269   Pillai S G;Patil M B (P.G. Botany Dep, Shivaji Collrge, Parbhani, Maharashtra) : Air borne biocomponents in the industrial area at Parbhani. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3A), 204-5.

Survey of air-borne bioparticles was conducted at Industrial area of Parbhani during 2004-05 using Tilak air sampler at different places. 40 different bio-components were recorded from the atmosphere. Out of these 30 belonged to fungal type, 8 to pollen grains and 2 to other types. Among the fungal spores Cladosporium, Alternaria, Curvularia, Periconia and Pithomyces were found to be dominant in the air-spora. The pollen from Grasses,. Amaranthaceae, Parthenium and Cassia were recorded as predominant air borne types. It is evident from the findings that fungal flora dominated the air-spora through out the investigation period.

2 tables, 5 ref

007268   Pawar A B;Patil A (Botany Dep, Y.C. Institute of Science, Satara-415 001) : Airspora of a museum of murals and paintings in Satara dist. (M.S.). Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3), 267-8.

Deals with the study of airspora of Aundh Dist. Satara, (M.S.), during different seasons from September 1999-August 2001. Aundh is on the world map due to a well built, old, established museum, having rare murals, articles, sculptures etc. In this museum, some old and rare paintings are deteriorating and turning black in colour. Two years of continuous, aerobiological studies revealed presence of about 37 types mycopollutants belonging to various fungal groups and 11 types of different bacteria. The dominant were Alternaria, Aspergillus, Cladosporium, Curvularia, Penicillium, Sarcinella, Mucor, Fusarium, Rhizopus, Cephalosporium etc. During winter season, large amount of mycopollutants were found flourishing than in summer. Bacteria were observed throughout the year, but their exact role is not known.

1 table, 8 ref

007267   Patil S S;Kamble A B (NO, Sadguru Gadage Maharaj College, Karad-415 124) : Effect of mancozeb, chloropyriphos and cypermethrin on seed germination and seedling growth of Glycine max (L.) Merrill. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(4), 414-18.

Effect of fungicide Mancozeb and insecticides Chloropyriphos and Cypermethrin was studied on germination and seedling growth of Glycine max (L.) Merrill using different exposure periods of 6 and 12 hours. Wet treatment of Mancozeb caused stimulation in germination percentage at lower concentration while at higher concentration reduction was recorded. Seedling growth was influenced at higher exposure period of 12 hours. Exposure period of 6 hours of Mancozeb caused stimulation in seedling growth at lower concentration while at higher concentration reduction was recorded. Wet treatment of Chloropyriphos and Cypermethrin in general exhibited a negative response to germination and growth. Higher concentration with 12 hour duration affected the growth to a greater extent.

3 tables, 15 ref

007266   Patil N N;Kshirsagar A (Botany Dep, Chandmal Tarachand Bora College, Shirpur, Pune-412 210) : Association of vesicular arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi with Marsilea quadrifolia. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3A), 197-9.

Rhizosphere soil and roots of Marsilea quadrifolia were collected from potholes, near Nighoj, Pamer Tahasil, of Ahamadnagar, District of Maharashtra in the rainy and winter seasons of 2007. The percent root colonization of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was 55% to 85% and spore count ranged from 80 to 120 chlamydospores/50g in rhizosphere soil. The predominant fungi observed were Acaulospora sps. followed by Scutellispora sps. Acaulospora delicata, A. denticulata, A. laevis, A. polonica, and A. scrobiculata were dominant in rainy season from rhizosphere soil. The Glomus leptotichum, Scutellispora alborosea, Scutellispora auriglobosa, and Scutellispora fulgida were dominant in winter season from rhizosphere soil.

1 illus, 1 table, 4 ref

007265   Patil N N;Khodade M S (Botany Dep, Chandmal Tarachand Bora College, Shirur Ghodnadi, Pune-412 210) : Influence of AM, azotobacter and vermicompost on growth and yield in banana (Musa pardisiaca L.). Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3), 310-11.

1 table, 10 ref

007264   Patil N N (Botany Dep, Chandmal Tarachand Bora College, Shirur, Pune-412 210) : Distribution and abundance of vesicular arbuscualr mycorrhizal fungi in western ghats of Maharashtra. Bioinfolet 2008, 5(3A), 206-7.

Rhizosphere soil and roots of Eugenia jambolana were collected from different places of western ghats of Maharashtra e.g. Kolhapur (Panhala), Mahabaleshwar, Bhorghat, Bhimashankar, Malshejghat and Bhandardara. The dominance of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal (AM) fungi was highest in the rhizosphere soil of Mahabaleshwar in comparison to other places of western ghat. The root colonization of AM fungi was 100% while the spore count ranged from 270 to 790 chlamydospores /50g in rhizosphere soil. The predominant fungi observed were Acaulospora sps. followed by Glomus sps. in the rhizosphere soil of Eugenia jambolana from Mahabaleshwar.

5 ref