015278   Bandyopadhyay P K;Khatun S;Chatterjee N C (Mycology and Pathology Laboratory, UGC Centre of Advanced Study, Bota, University of Burdwan, Burdwan-713 104, Email: nc_chatterjee@rediffmail.com) : Isolation of gut fungi and feeding behavior of some selected soil microarthropods of wastelands of Burdwan district. Asian J expl Sci 2009, 23(1), 253-9.

Based on gut content analysis, Alternaria humicola and Cladosporium cladosporioides were found as the most prevalent fungi in the gut of Acarina and Collembola respectively. Altogether 21fungal species were isolated and identified. Out of which 10 were common to both Acarina and Collembola. Among 21 isolates 18 obtained from Acarina and 13 from Collembola. Acarines and Collembolan species showed different feeding habits and strategies. Oppia yodai was found to be truely fungivorous and Gamasiphis benghalensis was completely predatory in nature. Out of the 10 Collembolan species Lepidocyrtus medius is an obligatory fungivorous species and Proisotoma sp. showed facultative predatory habits. Despite preferences for certain fungal species most oribatid mites are best considered as 'choosy generalists' whereas the Collembola may be conversely considered as 'selective' opportunistic feeder.

4 tables, 23 ref

015277   Ballabh B;Chaurasia O P;Ahmed Z (Field Research Lab, DRDO, Leh-Ladakh, Jammu & Kashmir) : Traditonal medicinal plants of cold desert Ladakh - used in treatment of jaundice. J Econ Taxon Bot 2008, 32(Supl), 404-8.

Ladakh region comes under cold deserts of India and it has very thin population about 2-3 person per sq km area. The major Ladakhi population belongs to the Boto (the Budhists) tribal community, however, some minor tribal groups such as Bakarwal, Balti, Dards, Changpa ete. are also found. The tribal communities always rely on traditional medical system and medical practitioners of Ladakh are still able to provide cure and relief to more than 60 per cent of population. Deals with 17 medicinal plants of Ladakh belonging to 12 families of angiosperms which are being used in the treatment of jaundice by the local Amchis. Due to modernization and easily available facilities in the Government and private hospitals, the fast disappearing traditional knowledge on medicinal plants has an urgent need of documentation and preservation for future.

14 ref

015276   Bajpayee K K (NO, , Near Phoolmati Temple, Whiteganj, Hardoi-241 001) : Ipomoea carnea subsp. fistulosa (Convolvulacea) - a friend plant of tribals. J Econ Taxon Bot 2008, 32(Supl), 131-2.

Ethnobotany of Ipomoea carnea Jacq. subspecies fistulosa (Mart. ex Choisy) Austin (Convolvulaceae) has been discussed. The data were recorded in reference to tribal communities of Kanjars, Nuts, Loharbadhaiya, Tharus and Kalabaz etc of Eastern Uttar Pradesh. The random survey and enquiries were made to draw the various uses of plant in welfare of tribals life.

3 ref

015275   Ayoob G;Ahmad M;Shah M Y;Naqshi A R (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, University of Kashmir, Srinagar-190 006) : Medicinal flora of Kashmir valley. J Econ Taxon Bot 2008, 32(Supl), 380-93.

Diversity of medicinal plants in the Kashmir valley region is very vast. Kashmir valley with its lofty mountains abound a great variety of plants in general and medicinal ones in particular. These plants are being used both locally as well as at industrial level for alleviating diverse type of disorders. Some of the plants have very high medicinal/therapeutic value, while some of them are used ethnobotanically in Kashmir valley as well as by ethnic communities world over. Highlights the variety of medicinal plants and their use in curing various ailments.

1 table, 9 ref

015274   Archna Singh;Sharma Y;Arvind Kumar;Rana J C (NO, National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, Regional Station, Phagli, Shimla-171 004) : Important medicinal plants in Moolbari watershed area of Himachal Pradesh. J Econ Taxon Bot 2008, 32(Supl), 123-30.

Moolbari watershed is located in district Shimla on Shimla-Bilaspur highway about 12 km away from Shimla. It lies between 77°05' to 77°54' E longitude and 31°09' to 31°11 N latitude and at an altitudinal range of 1400-2000 m in Hiplachal Pradesh. Himalaya with its varied climate, soil and different land forms support a rich medicinal plant heritage, which has been used from time immemorial as herbal remedy for amelioration of people sufferings. About 66 species have been recorded which are widely used by the locals against various ailments.

13 ref

015273   Anand S P;Jeyachandran R (Plant Biology and Plant Biotechnology Dep, St. Joseph's College, Tiruchirappalli-620 002, Email: anand_srs@yahoo.co.in) : Enumeration of some potential and tribal medicinal plants of Bodamalai hills in Namakkal district of Tamil Nadu. J Econ Taxon Bot 2008, 32(Supl), 353-63.

Bodamalai hill tribe of Tamil Nadu is endowed with vast knowledge of medicinal plants. Deals with the study of some ethnomedicinal importance of 142 plants belonging to 56 families. Different medicinal plants are available in the locality used by the tribals for various diseases such as jaundice, diarrhoea, fever, skin diseases etc, and are also used for the treatment of animals. The botanical names, family, local name (Tamil name) and their uses are listed.

11 ref

015272   Ali H;Shafiq Ansari M;Ahmad T (Plant Protection Dep, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Aligarh-202 002, Email: mohdsansari@yahoo.com) : Effect of temperature on development of Lipaphis erysimi (Kaltenbach) (Homoptera: Aphididae). Entomon 2007, 32(4), 251-5.

Laboratory studies were carried out on the development of Lipaphis erysimi at 15°, 20°, 22.5°, 27°, 30° and 32 °C on detached shoot of mustard plant. The development period from first instar nymph to adult formation was the longest (16.33 d) at 20 °C and shortest (1.66 d) at 32 °C. Nymph mortality was 66.66 percent at 32 °C and 4.83 percent at 20 °C. The highest offspring (39.85 nymphs/female) was produced at 20 °C. The maximum intrinsic rate of increase (r_m) (0.341 nymphs/female/day) was obtained at 30 °C whereas r_m was negative (-0.287) at 32 °C. Reproduction rate (R₀) was highest at 20 °C (9.195), and lowest at 32 °C (0.365). The shortest generation time (τ) was found at 32 °C.

1 illus, 2 tables, 10 ref

015271   Ahire D U (Botany Dep, M.S.G. College, Malegaon Campus, Malegaon) : Ethonomedicinal plants used by the tribal people of Nasik district to cure diarrhoea. J Swamy Bot Club 2008, 25(1-4), 37-8.

History of medicinal plants is intimately connected with the history of botany. An ethnobotanical study of Nasik district has been carried out or the tribals, who live in dense forest far away from the urban area. The local inhabitants have developed and preserved a very old and strong tradition of folk medicine. The use of 28 plant species along with their local names and other information is presented.

7 ref

014349   Vijayakumari B;Hiranmai Yadav R;Thenmozhi M; Parimaladevi R (Botany Dep, Avinashilingam Univ for Women, Coimbatore-641 043) : Pharmacognostic studies of Ficus carica, Emblica officinalis, Cephalandra indica and Terminalia chebula. Int J Pharmac biol Sci 2009, 3(1), 133-8.

The fruits of four selected medicinal plants were processed and observed for pharmacognostic activities. The results of organoleptic study offer a scientific basis for the traditional use of F. carica, E. officinalis, C. indica and T. chebula which possess characters like varied green colour, pleasant and pungent odour and bitter taste. The fluorescence analysis under visible light showed colour changes such as green, yellow and brown. The observation under UV light also showed similar results. The presence of cellulose, phenols, tannins, saponins, flavonoids, quinone was confirmed during preliminary phytochemical screening. All the phytochemical tests showed positive results in the case of F. carica, E. officinalis, C. indica and T. chebula except starch. C. indica showed the absence of quinone.

4 tables, 10 ref

014348   Suresh Kumar P;Patel J S;Saraf M N (Pharmacology Dep, The Bombay College of Pharmacy, Sunder Nagar, Kalina, Santacruz (East), Mumbai-400 098, Email: saraf@bcpindia.org) : Mechanism of vasorelaxant activity of a fraction of root extract of Sesamum indicum Linn.. Indian J expl Biol 2008, 46(6), 457-64.

Petroleum ether soluble fraction (SIPE) of the root extract of S. indicum was evaluated for the vasorelaxant activity using isolated rat aorta. SIPE up to 180 μg/ml concentration significantly inhibited phenylephrine- and KC1-induced contraction to the extent of 98.13 ± 6.37 and 70.19 ± 3.43% respectively in isolated rat aorta in a concentration dependent manner. The vasorelaxant activity was not blocked by propranolol (10 μM), atropine (1 μM) indomethacin (10 μM) and glibenclamide (10 μM). Influence of SIPE on phenylephrine-induced contractions in aortic preparations in absence of functional endothelium and on pre-incubating the tissue with L-NAME (300 μM) or methylene blue (10 μM) was also studied. SIPE at 180 μg/ml concentration could elicit partial relaxation in presence of L-NAME or methylene blue to the extent of 34.26 ± 6.13 and 25.66 ± 10.95% respectively. However, in absence of functional endothelium, SIPE exhibited little relaxation to the extent of 6.70 ± 4.87%. These studies revealed that the vasorelaxant activity of SIPE was chiefly mediated through endothelium-dependent pathway.

3 illus, 35 ref

014347   Srivastava S;Rawat A K S (Pharmacognosy and Ethnopharmacology Div, National Botanical Research Institute, Lucknow-226 001, Email: sharad_ks2003@yahoo.com) : Botanical and phytochemical comparison of three Bergenia species. J scient ind Res 2008, 67(1), 65-72.

Three species of Bergenia [B. ligulata (Wall) Eng., 5. ciliata (Royle) Raizada and B. stracheyi Engl.] were evaluated for botanical, physicochemical and chemical studies. Botanical study of rhizomes revealed that B. ciliata has large number of starch grains; B. ligulata has maximum calcium oxalate crystals while B. strachevi has a lesser amount of starch grains. Physicochemical studies showed that B. stracheyi had highest percentage of all physicochemical parameters (total ash 15.8, alcohol and water soluble extractives 13.83 and 16.83, sugar 5.5 and tannins 7.86), except starch and acid insoluble ash, which were highest in B. ciliata. A comparative HPTLC study was also carried out.

6 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

014346   Srivastava D;Prabhuji S K;Rao G P (Home Science Dep, St. Joseph's College for Women, Gorakhpur-273 009, Email: shaktiprabhuji@rediffmail.com) : Taxonomic and ethno-biological status of Flacourtia jungomas (Lour.) Raeus.: an endemic nutraceutical plant of Eastern U.P.. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 49-53.

Taxonomic status of Flacourtia jungomas (Lour.) Raeus. has been discussed together with its nutraceutical importance and the important biochemicals isolated there from. The ripe fruits have high fiber content together with good protein content, low fat and higher amount of monosaturated fatty acids as compared to polysaturated fatty acids. It contains significant amount of β-carotene followed by rutein + zeaxanthene, retinol and phylloquinone (Vit K) which are important in the regulation of haemoglobin and fibrinogen in human body. Besides these, ascorbic avid (Vit. C) and niacin are also present in significant amounts. Ripe fruits contain good amount of potassium which has a definite role in regulation of blood pressure followed by phosphorus and magnesium having their role in controlling osteoporosis.

11 illus, 7 ref

014345   Srivastava C (Botany Dep, Mahatma Gandhi Post Graduate College, Gorakhpur-273 001, Email: chhamta11@yahoo.com) : Phytochemistry and medicobotany of some medicinal plants used treatmtent of arthritis. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 27-32.

Every culture in history has depended on the healing power of herbs. Even modern mainstream medicine is intimately linked to herbal traditions. Like other forms of alternative therapy, herbal medicine attempts not to cure disease, but helps the body to return itself in the state of balance i.e. health. In general, herbal medicines work in much the same way as conventional pharmaceutical drugs. Herbs contain a large number of naturally occurring substances that work to alter the body's chemistry in order to return it to its natural state of health. In recent years, due to fast and busy life style, mental tension, low physical activity, many diseases and disorders are increasing. One of the most common musculoskeletal disease and disorder is arthritis. Herbs have been used for centuries in the treatment of many diseases and it has been demonstrated that some of them can have an incredible effect as an herbal treatment for arthritis. In modern allopathic system many medicines are also prescribed for this disorder, but they have many side effects. Therefore to avoid their side effects, now days, people are much inclined to use herbs based medicines rather than modern allopathic. Keeping this in view, highlights the phytochemistry of some medicinal plants which are used traditionally for treatment of arthritis in India. These herbs have properties that can significantly reduce joint pain or swelling and have no side affects. Some herbs viz. Boswellia serrata (Salai Guggul), Curcuma longa (Haldi), Commiphora mukul (Guggul), Ricinis communis (Arandi), Vitex negundo (Nirgundi), Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha), and Zingiber officinale (Adrakh) are enumerated in this paper with their botanical names, local names, family, biological descriptions, phytochemistry and medicinal uses.

4 illus, 31 ref

014344   Saxena D K;Srivastava K;Singh S (Botany Dep, Bareilly College, Bareilly, Email: dineshsaxenabc@rediffmail.com) : Contribution to the knowledge of Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. sp. Musc. from the Kumaon hills (western Himalayas). Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 99-103.

Illustrated account of moss Hypnum cupressiforme Hedw. Sp. Musc, based on an extensive collections made during 2004-2005 from various sites of the Kumaon hills. Observations on taxonomic characterstics from populations of H. cupressiforme have been described. Dioecious, medium-sized plants with very short nerves characterize the species. The taxonomic description and discussion relating to the authenticity and extent of variability in the populations of H. cupressiforme has been provided.

2 illus, 6 ref

014343   Saxena D K;Singh S;Srivastava K (Bryology Science Div, Botany Dep, Bareilly College, Bareilly, Email: dineshsaxena@rediffmail.com) : Taxonomy of moss Isopterygium elegans (Brid.) Lindb., from Kumaon hills. Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 213-16.

Taxonomic description of the moss Isopterygium elegans along with ecological observations is presented in this paper. For present study seasonal surveys of Kumaon hills for bryophytes (mosses) were carried out during 2004-2005 till date to enumerate detail characteristics of this epiphytic moss.

5 illus, 8 ref

014342   Prasher I B;Jakhal A (Botany Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: chromista@yahoo.co.in) : Enumeration of lichen genus Heterodermia Trevis. from Nanda Devi biosphere reserve. Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 125-9.

Five species of genus Heterodermia Trevis. (Family Physciaceae) are being described from Nanda Devi Biosphere Reserve (Uttaranchal). The species are: Heterodermia angustiloba (Mull. Arg.) Awas., H. microphylla (Kurok.) Skorepa, H. pseudospeciosa (Kurok.) Awas., H. rubescens (Ras.) Awas. and H. speciosa (Wulfen) Trevis. Detailed taxonomic account of each species including morphological and anatomical descriptions, chemistry (chemical tests & TLC), distribution and geological data concerning the altitudes of occurrence, type of rock and other data regarding host-range is given.

4 ref

014341   Prabhuji S K;Rao G P;Srivastava D (Biotechnology and Molecular Biology Centre, M.G. Postgraduate College, Gorakhpur-273 001, Email: shaktiprabhuji@rediffmail.com) : Medicinal plants: potential for their therapeutic use. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 1-10.

Status of medicinal plants' use on global level has been given together with their conservation and sustainability. The Indian system of medicine, indigenous knowledge, cultivation and agro-techniques, and commercial and marketing systems have been discussed in detail. Various aspects of biotechnological application and the need for further research have also been given.

3 illus, 1 table, 88 ref

014340   Pandey A;Bhatnagar S P (Pharmaceutical Sciences Dep, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi-835 215) : Wound healing activity of Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (Moraceae). Int J Pharmac biol Sci 2009, 3(1), 125-31.

Artocarpus lakoocha Roxb. (Moraceae), commonly known as Barhal, is a plant widely used plant by tribals of Jharkhand for the treatment of many diseases. To validate the ethno medicinal claims of the plant in skin disease, wound-healing activity was investigated. The preliminary chemical studies of methanol extract showed that it contains maximum number of constituents. Therefore, the methanol extract was selected for biological activity studies. The results show that Artocarpus lakoocha extract possesses potent wound healing activity as evident from the wound contraction and increased tensile strength studies. Histopathological studies showed significant increase in fibroblast cells, collagen fibers and blood vessels formation. The results were analyzed by using one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) and found to be significant (P 0.05) in comparison to control group.

8 illus, 15 ref

014339   Mathabe M C;Hussein A A;Lall N;Nikolova R V; Basson A E;Meyer J J M (Botany Dep, Limpopo Univ, Private Bag X1106, Sovenga 0727, South Africa, Email: namrita.lall@up.ac.za) : New flavonoid isolated from Indigofera daleoides. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 21-6.

Indigofera daleoides Benth. ex Harv. & Sond. (Fabaceae) is used by traditional healers in Limpopo Province for treatment of diarrhoea. The bioassay-guided fractionation of the ethylacetate extract from I. daleoides led to the isolation of two pure compounds which were identified as compound 1 (6,2-O-[3-nitropropanoyl-β-D-glucopyranose]) and compound 2 with a novel skeleton (6,3',4'-trihydroxyflavan 5'-O-glucopyranoside). These compounds were isolated for the first time from I. daleoides. Isolated compounds were tested for antibacterial and cytotoxic activities in vitro using micro dilution method and sodium-2,3-bis-[2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl]-2H-tetrazolium-5-carb oxanilide (XTT) assay, respectively. The results showed that compound 2 (flavonoid), isolated from I. daleoides, exhibited the highest antibacterial activity against S. aureus, S. typhy, V. cholera, E. coli and S. dysentery with MIC values ranging between 25-50 μg/ml. Compound 1 (nitrocompound) was found to be less active than compound 2 (flavonoid) against most of the bacteria tested. Staphylococcus aureus had higher susceptibility to compound 2 (flavonoid) as compared to the other bacteria tested. Compound 1 (nitrocompound) and 2 (flavonoid) isolated from I. daleoides had relatively high fifty per cent inhibitory concentration (IC₅₀ values) (349.4 and 364.5 μg/ml, respectively) as compared to the crude extract (IC₅₀ 254 μg/ml), thus suggesting these compounds are less cytotoxic to Vero cells than the crude ethanol extract. The results of this study suggest possible antidiarrhoeal potential of these compounds, especially compound 2 (flavonoid) from I. daleoides which need to be further investigated. This is the first report on the antibacterial activity and cytotoxicity of purified compounds from I. daleoides.

1 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

014338   Gomez-Flores R;Gracia-Vasquez Y;Alanis-Guzman M G;Tamez-Guerra P;Tamez-Guerra R;Garcia-Diaz C;Monreal-Cuevas E; Rodriguez-Padilla C (NO, , Rio Guadalquivir 401B-Ote., Colonia del Valle, San Pedro Garza Garcia, N.L., C.P. 66220, Mexico, Email: rgomez50@hotmail.com) : In vitro antimicrobial activity and polyphenolics content of tender and mature Ebenopsis ebano seeds. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 11-19.

Ebenopsis ebano seeds are traditionally used as a coffee substitute, but their biological potential has not been validated yet. We evaluated antimicrobial activity of tender and mature seed extracts against the clinically relevant strains Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica var. thyphimurium, and Candida albicans, and determined the phenolics present in the extracts. Treatment groups included raw tender seeds (Tl), cooked tender seeds (T2), raw mature seeds (T3), toasted mature seeds (T4), and commercially available mature seeds (T5). Observed significant (p < 0.05) growth inhibition of aqueous extracts vs. E. coli (up to 32%) and vs. S. enterica (up to 25%). Similarly, significant (p < 0.05) growth inhibition of methanol extracts vs. E. coli (up to 30%), vs. S. enterica (up to 20%), and vs. C. albicans (up to 84 %) were observed. In addition, we observed differential levels of gallic acid, cafeic acid, and quercetin in aqueous and methanol E. ebano seed extracts, which varied within the treatments (T1-T5). Commercially available seeds (T5) were observed to possess the highest amount of polyphenolics. Differences in polyphenolic levels observed in the treatment groups were not related to the antimicrobial activity or maturity state of the seeds.

5 illus, 2 tables, 35 ref

014337   Goel S;Malik J A;Nayyar H;Dua I S (Botany Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: nayarbot@pu.ac.in) : Cadmium toxicity in plants and bioremediation. Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 139-49.

Heavy metals pose a serious threat to the environment and living organisms since these tend to bioaccumulate. Cadmium (Cd) is one of the most toxic heavy metals, which is elevating dangerously in the soil and water. Its damaging effects appear even at very low concentrations due to its high mobility. This paper presents concise recent information about toxic effects of Cd on plants and the adaptive mechanisms employed for survival. Suitable bioremediation approaches to overcome Cd effects are also discussed.

1 table, 101 ref

014336   Dongre P N;Yadav B P (Botany Dep, K.N. Govt. P.G. College, Gyanpur-221 304) : Allelopathic inhibition of growth and productivity of rice by some noxious weeds in pot culture. Res Crop 2007, 8(2), 301-4.

A pot culture experiment was performed to visualize the allelopathic effects of aqueous leachates of selected weeds on growth and productivity of rice during its entire growth period (Chapter IV). Four weeds viz., Amaranthus viridis, Eclipta alba, Parthenium hysterophorus and Phyllanthus niruri were selected to study the effect of their leaf leachates on growth and productivity of rice (Oryza sativa L.) var. Nati Mansuri. The results indicated that the leaf leachates of all the four weed species had significant concentration dependent retarding effect on rice during its entire growth period. Significant reduction in all the test parameters viz., root and shoot length, leaf area, root and shoot biomass was observed at all sampling dates (30, 60 and 90 days after treatment). Higher leachate concentration (20%) was found to be more inhibitory in nature as compared to lower (10%). Net primary productivity and relative growth rate values of treated plants also exhibited lower values as compared to control plants.

3 tables, 20 ref

014335   Dhingra R;Ahluwalia A S (Botany Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: phykos@pu.ac.in) : Some chaetophoralean taxa (chlorophyta) from Punjab, India. Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 161-4.

Only five chlorophycean taxa belonging to order Chaetophorales. These comprise 1 species of Microthamnion Naegeli ex Kuetzing and 4 species of Stigeoclonium Kuetzing. Among these 5 taxa, 4 are new records for Punjab State as based on the report of Punjab State Council of Science and Technology, Chandigarh in 1995.

5 illus, 22 ref

014334   Deodhar S R;Thengane R J;Thengane S R (Plant Tissue Culture Div, National Chemical Laboratory, Pune-411 008, Email: sr.thengane@ncl.res.in) : De novo shoot regeneration from root cultures of Garcinia indica choiss. Indian J expl Biol 2008, 46(6), 482-6.

Roots of plantlets of Garcinia indica when cultured for long time on half strength MS medium supplemented with BAP (0.44-2.22 μM) showed production of de novo shoots. Roots attached to mother plant showed more number of shoots, while excised root segments produced lesser shoots. Shoots (0.5-0.8 cm) were transferred to elongation medium consisting of Woody Plant Medium (WPM) supplemented with BAP (4.44-22.69 μM), IAA (5.71 μM) and kinetin (4.65 μM). It was observed that shoot length increased to 1-2 cm. WPM medium supplemented with NAA (2.69-10.74 μM) and 1BA (4.90 μM) induced rooting within 20-25 days. Using the protocol, 20-25 plantlets could be regenerated from single root explant within 3 to 4 months. The protocol has potential for large scale production of elite plants.

2 illus, 3 tables, 24 ref

014333   Chaudhary B L;Dulawat C S (Botany Dep, College of Science, Mohanlal Sukhadia Univ, Udaipur-313 001, Email: csdulawat@rediffmail.com) : Diversity of bryophyte and pteridophyte flora of Sitamata Wild Life Sanctuary (Rajasthan). Punjab Univ Res J Sci 2007, 57, 105-16.

Study has been carried out in Sitamata Wild life Sanctuary of Chittorgarh and Udaipur district located in southwest region of Rajasthan. A field survey of the study area was carried out in the year 2004-2005 to document the Bryophytes and Pteridophytes. In total, sixteen species of bryophytes and pteridophytes have been reported from this area. Eight species of bryophytes Anthoceros subtilis St., Asterella blumeana (Nees) Kachroo., Bryum argenteum Hedw, Cyathodium barodae Chavan., Fissidens diversifolius Mitt., F. geminiflorus var. nagasakinus (Besh.) Dox., Hyophila involuta (Hook.) Jaeg., Riccia gangetica Ahmad., and eight species of pteridophytes Actiniopteris radiata (Swartz.) Link., Adiantum capillus-veneris Linn., Adiantum incisum Forsk., Adiantum lunulatum Brum., Azolla pinnata R.Br., Cheilanthes albomarginata Clarke., Marsilea minuta L. and Pteris vittata L.. have been recorded.

16 illus, 13 ref

014332   Beghalia M;Ghalem S;Allali H;Belouatek A; Marouf A (Laboratory of Organic Chemistry, Natural Products and Analysis (COSNA), Aboubekr Belkand BP 119 Univ, 13000 Tlemcen, Algeria, Email: beghalia_moh@yahoo.fr ) : Effects of an aqueous extract from Ammodaucus leucotrichus on calcium oxalate crystallization in vitro. Med Pl 2009, 1(1), 37-9.

Work focuses on the behavior of in vitro calcium oxalate crystallization. The effects of plant ammodocus on the kinetics of calcium oxalate crystallization were examined. The synthetic urine was prepared immediately before use by mixing with a T-type mixing chamber equal volumes of solutions A and B. Both solutions were prepared by dissolving chemicals of reagent-grade purity in deionised and redistilled water. A: Na₂C₂ O₄ (2 m mol/1) B: CaCl₂ 2H2O (10 m mol/1). Mixture agitation was maintained to prevent sedimentation. The crystal size development was monitored by polarized microscopy at different time intervals by proceeding as follows: Sample drops were examined every five minutes by polarising optical microscopy. We followed the same experimental procedure for the study of crystallization in the presence of inhibitors. Focussed crystallisation because it may be the nucleating agent for many stones. As shown with ammodocus, the inhibitory effect was not dose dependent; the best inhibitory concentrations (97.25% and 97.85%) was observed at concentration of [75%] and [100%] mM/L, respectively. The inhibitory effect of ammodocus plant involved growth crystal phases. The growth and agglomeration of calcium oxalate crystals are differently modulated by Ammodocus leucotrichus.