017120   Lu Q;He C;Cheng Y;Ji G (Institute of Atomic and Molecular Physics, College of Physical Science and Technology, Sichuan Univ, Chengdu-610 065, China, Email: y cheng@scu.edu.cn) : First-principles study of structural phase transition, elastic and electronic properties of BaTiO₃ under pressure. Indian J pure appl Phys 2016, 54(2), 91-8.

The structural phase transition, elastic and electronic properties of BaTiO₃ for both orthorhombic and rhombohedral phases have been investigated by the generalized gradient approximation in the framework of density-functional theory. The calculated lattice parameters at the ground state are found to be in good agreement with the available experimental data and seem to be better than other calculated results. The calculated transition pressure of BaTiO₃ at 0 K between the two phases is 5.8 GPa, which agrees with other theoretical value 5.4 GPa. The calculated elastic constants C_ij of these two phases have some deviations with the experimental and theoretical results, but they, generally, conform to them well. From the calculated elastic constants C_ij, the bulk-modulus B, shear modulus G, Young's modulus E, Poisson's ratio σ, shear sound velocity V_s, longitudinal sound velocity V_L of the two phases are successfully obtained. The calculated bulk-modulus of these two phases are found to be in good agreement with other theoretical results. We calculated elastic anisotropy and presented the direction-dependent linear compressibility for both phases to display the elastic anisotropy more visually. Our calculations indicate that the orthorhombic and rhombohedral phases of BaTiO₃ both are indirect-gap semiconductor with gap value of 2.087 and 2.240 eV, respectively, close to previous theoretical results. Combined with the density of states, the characteristics of the band structure have been analyzed and their origins have been specified.

7 illus, 3 tables, 36 ref

017119   Kishore P;Dinakar D;Rao P V;Srimannaryana K (Physics Dep, National Institute of Technology Warangal, Warangal, Email: kishorephd.nitw@gmail.com) : Effect of fiber-dia on the alonside dual-plastic optical fiber vibration sensor. J Optics 2015, 44(2), 128-35.

Alongside dual-plastic optical fiber vibration sensor is designed based on the reflection intensity modulation and study the effect of transmitting fiber (TF) and receiving fiber (RF) diameter on the sensor response is studied. Three fibers of 0.75, 1 and 1.5 mm diameter are chosen with nine pair combinations for vibration measurement. From displacement response, it is observed that the sensitivity of the sensor increases as the diameter of the RF decreases and vice versa. The test results show that the frequency range increases when the RF diameter is less than the TF and vice versa. The resolution of the sensor also increases when the difference in diameters of the TF and RF decreases and vice versa. Moreover it is evident from the results that the dynamic range, range of frequency can be optimized by choosing the suitable diameter of the TF or RF as for the application.

12 illus, 2 tables, 15 ref

017118   Guldah O E;Okur I (Physics Dep, Sakarya Univ, Sakarya-54187, Turkey, Email: iokur@sakarya.edu.tr) : Optical and structural effects of Dy doping ZnO thin films on quartz galsses using the spin coating method. Indian J pure appl Phys 2016, 54(2), 99-104.

In the present paper, the optical and structural parameters of pure and Dy doped zinc oxide thin films on quartz glass substrate using the dopant of Dy in various doping molar concentrations (0.2 and 0.5 M) with different percentages ranging from 0% to 100% have been studied. All the produced thin films have been obtained by using the spin coating method and crystallized at the annealing temperature of 1000 °C for the duration of 6 h. The X-ray Diffraction (XRD) spectra have been used to see the formation of crystal phases. These show that both ZnO and Dy₂O₃ crystal phases stay together within the doped thin film matrices. The Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis absorption spectra have also been taken to describe the pure and doped zinc oxide film structures together with various optical properties such as energy band gap and refractive index.

7 illus, 21 ref

017117   Gopakumar V T;Madhusoodhanan K N;Srinaivasan B (Instrumentation Dep, Cochin Univ of Science and Technology, Cochin-682 022, Email: vtgopakumar111@gmail.com) : Simulation and experimental validation of fiber fabry-perot filters for optical clock recovery. J Optics 2015, 44(2), 178-81.

In this paper, we propose and simulate all optical clock recovery at bit rates up to 100 Gbit/s using FabryPerot filters based on fiber Bragg gratings. Simulations performed for Return to Zero (RZ) data format at 10, 40 and 100 Gbit/s show that the technique is quite simple and promising. Based on such results, we have fabricated Fabry-Perot filters for optical clock recovery and report the relevant results.

8 illus, 10 ref

017116   Das P K;Biswas M K;Hoque E;Somadder A;Faruk M O;Sharif S M;Chawdhury N;Das S K;Haque V (Physics Dep, Shahjalal Univ of Science and Technology, Sylhet-3114, Bangladesh, Email: yasmeent@sust.edu) : Nonlinear refractive index of 2, 5-dimethylaniline in methanol by Z-scan technique. J Optics 2015, 44(2), 146-50.

Experimental work has been done to measure the third-order optical nonlinearity of 2,5-dimethylaniline (DMA). The nonlinear refractive index, n₂ was measured for three different concentrations of DMA in methanol, using the Z-scan technique. Three different wavelengths of a continuous wave Ar-Ion laser were used with varying incident powers. The Z-scan results give a negative n₂, with a magnitude of the order of 10^{-14 esu. For all the wavelengths, the value of n₂ was found to increase with increasing concentration of DMA in the solution.}

7 illus, 1 table, 13 ref

017115   Bhavsar V;Tripati D (NO, SAL Engineering and Technical Institute, Ahmedabad-380 060, Email: vaishali.b.bhavsar@gmail.com) : Refractive index dispersion and optical conductivity of PPy doped PVC films. Indian J pure appl Phys 2016, 54(2), 105-10.

Refractive index (n), dispersion and optical conductivity (sopt) of undoped and PPy doped PVC films have been studied. The PPy doped PVC films are prepared by solution cast technique with various concentrations of PPy (6% to 20%) in PVC. The optical absorption spectra of these films have been recorded in the wavelength range 400-900 nm at room temperature. Optical parameters such as refractive index (n), extinction coefficient (κ), real (ε') and imaginary (ε") parts of complex permittivity, optical conductivity (σ_opt) and infinitely high frequency dielectric constant (ε_∞) have been evaluated. It is seen that the optical properties of PVC have been affected on doping it with PPy. The average refractive index (n), infinitely high frequency dielectric constant (ε_∞) and optical conductivity (ε_opt) of the samples exhibit a nonlinear compositional dependence as observed in many amorphous materials.

13 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

017114   Arya S;Mercy Latha A;Ghosh S K;Srivastava V; Paul A K;Singla M;Ramanand;Sharma R K (NO, CSIR-Central Electronics Engineering Research Institute, Pilani-333 031, Email: amercylatha@gmail.com) : Carbon film deposited collector electrode for high efficiency TWTs. Indian J pure appl Phys 2016, 54(2), 111-15.

Collector plays a vital role in determining the overall efficiency of a TWT. Higher efficiency in helix TWTs for satellite applications is one of the stringent requirements. For the enhancement of collector efficiency, various techniques are employed like (i) multi-stage depression, (ii) use of electrode material with low secondary electron emission co-efficient, (iii) texturing of electrode inner surface etc. As the carbon exhibits low secondary electron emission properties, it is a favourable material for the collector electrodes of high efficiency TWTs. Either high density graphite or the OFHC copper coated with carbon film can be used as collector electrodes of high efficiency TWTs. In order to coat carbon on OFHC copper electrodes, a suitable RF sputtering system has been developed. Various process parameters have been optimized in order to get desired carbon film deposition on OFHC copper collector electrodes. Carbon film deposition on OFHC copper has been accomplished and characterized for the suitability to use in the multi-stage depressed collector. This paper presents the details of RF sputtering system developed, carbon film deposition process parameter optimization and characterization of carbon film deposited on OFHC copper sample.

8 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

017113   Alsous M B;Almetaeb K;Alnezami M (Physics Dep, Atomic Energy Commission, P.O. Box-6091, Damascus, Syria) : Modeling of flash-pumped passively Q-switched solid state lasers. J Optics 2015, 44(2), 159-63.

Model for a flash-lamp pumped passively Q-switched solid state laser has been investigated. In this model, the pumping rate was considered as variable and dependent on the flash pump pulse shape and power. The time dependent flash discharge current was calculated and the optical time-dependent variation of the flash pulse was deduced. The simulation of the laser system was obtained as a numerical solution of this model. The laser output shape and characteristics were calculated and compared with experimental results.

7 illus, 18 ref

016204   Yajnik U A;Sarkar A;Mishra S;Borah D (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400 076, Email: yajnik@iitb.ac.in) : Flowering to bloom PeV scale supersymmetric left-right symmetric models. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 295-305.

Unified models incorporating right-handed neutrino in a symmetric way generically possess parity symmetry. If this is broken spontaneously, it results in the formation of domain walls in the early Universe, whose persistence is unwanted. A generic mechanism for the destabilization of such walls is a small pressure difference signalled by difference in free energy across the walls. It is interesting to explore the possibility of such effects in conjunction with the effects that break supersymmetry in a phenomenologically acceptable way. This possibility when realized in the context of several scenarios of supersymmetry breaking, leads to an upper bound on the scale of spontaneous parity breaking, often much lower than the GUT scale. In the left-right symmetric models studied, the upper bound is no higher than 10^{11 GeV but a scale as low as 105 GeV is acceptable.}

23 ref

016203   Yaghobi M;Adabinezhad A (Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad Unic, Amol, Iran, Email: m.yaghoubi@iauamol.ac.ir) : Structural and optical properties of the M@C₅₉X cages (X=N, B and M=Li, Na). Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 109-16.

Using B3LYP/6-31G* density functional level of theory, the structural and optical properties of the C₆₀ and M@C₅₉X cages have been investigated. Results indicate that the charge on C atoms and band gap of C₆₀ cage are changed dramatically with the substitution of one B or N atom at one of the C sites and the Li and Na atom encapsulations in the C₆₀ cage. The Mulliken analyses show that the charge is transferred completely between the alkali atoms and the C₅₉X cage. The substitutional and encapsulation doping (SED) reduce the optical gaps of the C₆₀ cage. Also, the oscillator strengths of the absorption peaks are dependent on dopant types.

4 illus, 3 tables, 37 ref

016202   Vishal Kumar;Agrawal S K;Das S (Mathematics and Basic Science Dep, NIIT Univ, Neemrana-301 705, Email: kumarvishal.bhu@gmail.com) : Hyperchaos control and adaptive synchronization with uncertain parameter for fractional-order Mathieu-van der pol systems. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 59-75.

In this paper, we have discussed the local stability of the Mathieu-van der Pol hyperchaotic system with the fractional-order derivative. The fractional Routh-Hurwitz stability conditions were provided and were used to discuss the stability. Feedback control method was used to control chaos in the Mathieu-van der Pol system with fractional-order derivative and after controlling the chaotic behaviour of the system the synchronization between the fractional-order hyperchaotic Mathieu-van der Pol system and controlled system was introduced. In this study, modified adaptive control methods with uncertain parameters at various equilibrium points were used. Also the analysis of control time with respect to different fractional-order derivatives is the key feature of this paper. Numerical simulation results achieved using Adams-Boshforth-Moulton method show that the method is effective and reliable.

9 illus, 39 ref

016201   Unnikrshnan C S (NO, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Homi Bhabha Road, Mumbai-400 005, Email: unni@tifr.res.in) : Quantum non-demolition measurements: concepts, theory and practice. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2052-60.

This is a limited overview of quantum non-demolition (QND) measurements, with brief discussions of illustrative examples meant to clarify the essential features. In a QND measurement, the predictability of a subsequent value of a precisely measured observable is maintained and any random back-action from uncertainty introduced into a non-commuting observable is avoided. The fundamental ideas, relevant theory and the conditions and scope for applicability are discussed with some examples. Precision measurements have indeed gained from developing QND measurements and some implementations in quantum optics, gravitational wave detectors and spin-magnetometry are discussed.

6 illus, 22 ref

016200   Uma V S;Goel A;Yadav A;Jain A K (Physics Dep, Amity Institute of Applied Sciences, Amity Univ, Noida-201 303) : Predicting superdeformed rotational band-head spin in A<126> 190 mass region using variable moment of inertia model. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 185-90.

The band-head spin (I₀) of superdeformed (SD) rotational bands in A<126>190 mass region is predicted using the variable moment of inertia (VMI) model for 66 SD rotational bands. The superdeformed rotational bands exhibited considerably good rotational property and rigid behaviour. The transition energies were dependent on the prescribed band-head spins. The ratio of transition energies over spin Eγ/2I (RTEOS) vs. angular momentum (I) have confirmed the rigid behaviour, provided the band-head spin value is assigned correctly. There is a good agreement between the calculated and the observed transition energies. This method gives a very comprehensive interpretation for spin assignment of SD rotational bands which could help in designing future experiments for SD bands.

35 ref

016199   Uma Sankar S (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Bombay, Mumbai-400 076, Email: uma@phy.iitb.ac.in) : Resolutions of Solar and atmospheric neutrino problems. Curr Sci 2015, 109(9), 1526-32.

^ssc9 illus, 17 ref

016198   Tavartkiladze Z (Center for Elementary Particle Physics, ITP, Ilia State Univ, 0162 Tbilisi, Georgia, Email: zurab.tavartkiladze@gmail.com) : Twin-unified SU(5) x SU(5)' GUT and phenomenology. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 281-94.

In this article, after a short introduction, grand unified SU(5) x SU(5)' model augmented by D₂ parity has been discussed. The latter turns out to be important for phenomenology. Specific pattern of the GUT symmetry breaking causes new strong dynamics at low energies. Consequently, the Standard Model leptons, along with right-handed /sterile neutrinos, come out as composite states. Issues of the gauge coupling unification, generation of the charged fermion and neutrino masses will be presented. Also, various phenomenological implications and constraints will be discussed.

3 illus, 1 table, 24 ref

016197   Srivastava R (NO, The Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, Email: rahuls@imsc.res.in) : Predictions from high scale mixing unigication hypothesis. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 425-36.

Starting with 'high scale mixing unification' hypothesis, we investigate the renormalization group evolution of mixing parameters and masses for both Dirac and Majorana-type neutrinos. Following this hypothesis, the PMNS mixing parameters are taken to be identical to the CKM ones at a unifying high scale. Then, they are evolved to a low scale using MSSM renormalization group equations. For both types of neutrinos, the renormalization group evolution naturally results in a non-zero and small value of leptonic mixing angle θ₁₃. One of the important predictions of this analysis is that, in both cases, the mixing angle θ₂₃ turns out to be non-maximal for most of the parameter range. We also elaborate on the important differences between Dirac and Majorana neutrinos within our framework and how to experimentally distinguish between the two scenarios. Furthermore, for both cases, we also derive constraints on the allowed parameter range for the SUSY breaking and unification scales, for which this hypothesis works. The results can be tested by the present and future experiments.

8 illus, 1 table, 39 ref

016196   Sriramkumar L (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036, Email: sriram@physics.iitm.ac.in) : Primordial gravitational waves, BICEP2 and beyond. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 325-33.

Observations of the imprints of primordial gravitational waves on the anisotropies in the cosmic microwave background can provide us with unambiguous clues to the physics of the very early Universe. In this brief article, the implications of the detection of such signatures for the inflationary scenario has been discussed.

3 illus, 30 ref

016195   Srinivas M D;Mandayam P (NO, Centre for Policy Studies, Mylapore, Chennai-600 004, Email: mdsrinivas50@gmail.com) : Uncertainty trade-off and disturbance trade-off for quantum measurements. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2044-51.

An important non-classical feature of quantum measurements is the celebrated uncertainty trade-off, namely that the uncertainties in the outcomes of measurements performed on distinct yet identically prepared ensembles of systems cannot all be made arbitrarily small. Recently, we have shown that quantum measurements also exhibit another non-classical feature of disturbance trade-off namely, that the disturbances associated with measurements performed on distinct yet identically prepared ensembles of systems in a pure state cannot all be made arbitrarily small. In this article, we review the known results on uncertainty trade-off and disturbance trade-off for projective and non-projective measurements.

1 illus, 35 ref

016194   Shukla P (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302) : Weak measurements: typical weak and superweak values. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2039-43.

Weak value is a physical property of a quantum system which manifests itself through a weak measurement using different pre- and post-selected ensembles of the system. The weak values of an operator may differ significantly from its eigenvalues and can even lie outside the spectrum if it is bound: they can be 'superweak'. The latter, originating due to a coherent superposition of waves, may appear as a 'supershift' on the measuring device. This property has potential application in the amplification and detection of extremely weak signals.

16 ref

016193   Sharma S;Ahuja G;Gupta M (Physics Dep, G.G.D.S.D. College, Sector 32-C, Chandigarh-160 030, Email: sharma.saman87@gmail.com) : Constraining the lightest neutrino mass and m_ee from general lepton mass matrices. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 419-24.

Despite spectacular advances in fixing the neutrino mass and mixing parameters through various neutrino oscillation experiments, we still have little knowledge about the magnitudes of some vital parameters in the neutrino sector such as the absolute neutrino mass scale, effective Majorana mass m_ee measured in neutrinoless double beta decay. In this context, the present work aims to make an attempt to obtain some bounds for m_ee and the lightest neutrino mass using fairly general lepton mass matrices in the Standard Model.

2 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

016192   Sharma N (NO, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research Mohali, S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali-140 306, Email: neetika@iisermohali.ac.in) : Nucleon-generalized parton distributions in the light-front quark model. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 479-85.

Author calculate the generalized parton distributions (GPDs) for the up- and down-quarks in nucleon using the effective light-front wavefunction. The results obtained for GPDs in momentum and impact parameter space are comparable with phenomenological parametrization methods.

3 illus, 17 ref

016191   Sharma A;Dhiman N;Singh B P;Gathania A K (Physics Dep, National Institute of Technology, Hamirpur-177 005) : Structural and optical tunability of metallodielectric composites with gradual shell growth. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 147-55.

Metallodielectric (gold@silica) composites were prepared by seed and grow method. The dielectric microspheres (core material) of an average size of 400 nm were synthesized by sol-gel method and gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were prepared by reducing the chloroauric solution. Shell growth around silica (SiO₂) microspheres was carried out in a multistep layer-by-layer process. The synthesized composites were characterized using techniques such as field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and UV-Visible (UV-Vis) spectroscopy. FE-SEM and FTIR analyses have confirmed the functionalization of SiO₂ surfaces with the amine terminal group along with the gold shell growth. XRD analysis has given an average crystallite size of 12.3 nm for metallodielectric composites. Absorption spectra have demonstrated the dependence of surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak on the successive shell growth by exhibiting a red shift.

4 illus, 2 tables, 32 ref

016190   Sainadh U S;Sandhya S N;Vathsan R;Narayanan A (Center for Quantum Dynamics, Griffith Univ, Brisbane, QLD-4111, Australia, Email: andal@rri.res.in) : Weak value amplification in resonance fluroscence. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2002-5.

The concept of weak measurement and associated weak value amplification has sharpened our understanding of the measurement process in quantum mechanics. Recent experiments show that elastic scattering events in resonance fluorescence experiments can exhibit weak value amplification effect, by post-selecting a particular measurement outcome. In this article, we theoretically analyse the physics behind this amplification process. We show that, in general, weak interaction and the associated weak value amplification in resonance fluorescence can be derived from the wellknown theory of spontaneous emission put forth by Wigner and Weiskopff. Using this theory we show that in the elastic scattering regime of resonance fluorescence, weak value amplification helps in segregating rare events. To our knowledge, weak value amplification has not been applied earlier in the time domain as a potential tool to study rare events.

3 illus, 13 ref

016189   Roy T;Vadiraj A M;Chand M;Ranadive A;Kundu S; Patankar M P;Vijay R (Quantum Measurement and Control Laboratory, Condensed Matter Physics and Materials Science, Tata Institute of Fun, Mumbai-400 005) : Quantum measurements with superconducting circuits. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2069-76.

This is to measure the state of a superconducting quantum bit (qubit) coupled to a microwave cavity by scattering a microwave signal from the cavity. The scattered signal is amplified using a low-noise Josephson parametric amplifier. We carried out measurements to infer the coherence properties of the qubit. In the strong measurement regime, we observe quantum jumps between the qubit states in real time, while we observe stochastic quantum trajectories in the weak measurement regime. The coherence times and measurement fidelity obtained are sufficient for implementing quantum error correction.

9 illus, 30 ref

016188   Roy S M (Homi Bhabha Centre for Science Education, Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai-400 088, Email: smroy@hbcse.tifr.res.in) : Arthurs- Kelly joint measurements and applications. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2029-38.

Originally devised as an extension of von Neumann measurement Hamiltonian to joint measurement of conjugate variables, the Arthurs-Kelly Hamiltonian has been found to have many other practical applications. I summarize in particular, experimental bounds on von Neumann entropy, noiseless quantum tracking of conjugate observables, remote tomography, entanlement swapping and exact measurement of correlation between conjugate observables.

5 illus, 18 ref

016187   Roy B J;Parmar A;Nandi T;Mohanty B;Oswal M; Sunil Kumar;Jhingan A;Jha V;Biswas D C (Nuclear Physics Div, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai-400 085, Email: bjroy@barc.gov.in) : Measurement of multinucleon transfer cross-sections in <. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 97-108.

Cross-sections for one- and multinucleon transfer reactions, namely, ^{58Ni(12C, 13C), 58Ni(12C, 11C), 58Ni(12C, 11B), 58Ni(12C, 10B), 58Ni(12C, 10Be), 58Ni(12C, 9Be), 58Ni(12C, 8Be g.s.), 58Ni(12C, 7Be), 58Ni(12C, 7Li) and 58Ni(12C, 6Li) have been measured at an incident energy of 60 MeV. The reaction cross-section for the corresponding transfer channels in the system 12C+56Fe have also been measured under the same kinematical conditions. Angular distribution of the elastic scattering cross-section is measured at 60 MeV. The measured elastic scattering angular distributions for these two systems have been analysed using the optical model search code SFRESCO and the potential parameters are extracted. The multinucleon transfer data are analysed to obtain cross-section dependence on the number of nucleons transferred and on the ground state Q-values. The transfer probabilities for multinucleon stripping are extracted. A detailed comparison in the multiparticle stripping and elastic scattering cross-sections between these two systems are made to understand the mechanism of multinucleon transfer and possible role of two extra protons in 58Ni target nucleus as compared to the 56Fe core.}

10 illus, 3 tables, 21 ref

016186   Rajeev Kumar (Math. Stat & Physics Dep, Punjab Agricultural Univ, Ludhiana-141 004, Email: rajeevsharma@pau.edu) : Inculsive decays of B-meson to J/ϕ and X_c1 using 386 x 10<. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 471-7.

Inclusive decays of B-mesons to charmonium have been studied in a data sample of 386 million BB_BB_ events. The data sample has been collected by the Belle detector at the KEKB asymmetric energy e^{+ e- collider operating at the ?(4S) resonance. The branching fractions have been measured for the inclusive decays to J/ψ + X and χ_c1 + X. The measured branching fraction for J/ψ + X is B(B→J/ψ(→e+e- )+X)=(1.10±0.005±0.057)% B(B→J/ψ(→+e -)+X)=(1.08±0.004±0.056)%, while the inclusive χ_c1 + X branching fraction is found to be B(B→χ_c1+X)=(0.44± 0.01±0.06). The feed-down contribution from higher charmonium states is subtracted from the measured branching fractions and the direct branching fractions are obtained to be B(B→J/ψ+X)=(0.77±0.04< F128><145>0.06)% B=(0.41±0.01±0.06).}

4 illus, 1 table, 20 ref

016185   Rajasekaran G (NO, Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, Email: graj@imsc.res.in) : Was dark matter detected in India 40 years ago?. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 363-7.

This paper is based on a paper written by M V N Murthy and G Rajasekaran, Pramana-J. Phys. 82, L609 (2014); arXiv:1305.?2715. The possibility of the unexplained Kolar events, recorded in the 1970s and 1980s, being due to the decay of dark matter particles of mass in the range of 5 - 10 GeV is pointed out.

1 illus, 13 ref

016184   Rajasekaran G (NO, Institute of Mathematical Sciences, CIT Campus, Taramani, Chennai-600 113, Email: graj@imsc.res.in) : Keynote address: high energy physics in 2014 and its future. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 199-206.

After a brief history, we focus on the present status of HEP and its possible future. Ideas to ensure a healthy growth of HEP in India are discussed. This involves a few major experimental projects in fundamental physics. None of these projects can succeed unless the crucial problem of manpower is solved. A few suggestions are offered towards this aim.

016183   Qureshi T;Hari Dass N D (Centre for Theoretical Physics, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi-110 025, Email: tabish@ctp-jamia.res.in) : Protective measurements: probing single quantum systems. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2023-8.

Making measurements on single quantum systems is considered difficult, almost impossible if the state is a priori unknown. Protective measurements suggest a possiblity to measure single quantum systems and gain some new information in the process. Protective measurement is described here, both in the original and generalized form. The degree to which the system and the apparatus remain entangled in a protective measurement, is assessed. Possible exterimental tests of protective measurements are also discussed.

1 illus, 22 ref

016182   Pramanick S;Raychaudhuri A (Physics Dep, Calcutta Univ, 92 Acharya Prafulla Chandra Road, Kolkata-700 009, Email: palitprof@gmail.com) : In the size of θ₁₃ related to the smallness of the solar mass splitting?. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 407-17.

θ₁₃ is small compared to the other neutrino mixing angles. The solar mass splitting is about two orders smaller than the atmospheric splitting. We indicate how both could arise from a perturbation of a more symmetric structure. The perturbation also affects the solar mixing angle and can tweak alternate mixing patterns such as tribimaximal, bimaximal, or other variants to viability. For real perturbations only normal mass ordering with the lightest neutrino mass less than 10^{-2 eV can accomplish this goal. Both mass orderings can be accommodated by going over to complex perturbations if the lightest neutrino is heavier. The CP-phase in the lepton sector, fixed by θ₁₃ and the lightest neutrino mass, distinguishes different options.}

4 illus, 1 table, 3 ref

016181   Patel A;Kumar P (Centre for High Energy Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru-560 012, Email: adpatel@cts.iisc.ernet.in) : Evolutionary formalism for weak quantum measurements. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2017-21.

Unitary evolution and projective measurement are fundamental axioms of quantum mechanics. Even though projective measurement yields one of the eigenstates of the measured operator as the outcome, there is no theory that predicts which eigenstate will be observed in which experimental run. There exists only an ensemble description, which predicts probabilities of various outcomes over many experimental runs. We propose a dynamical evolution equation for the projective collapse of the quantum state in individual experimental runs, which is consistent with the well-established framework of quantum mechanics. In case of gradual weak measurements, its predictions for ensemble evolution are different from those of the Born rule. It is an open question whether or not suitably designed experiments can observe this alternate evolution.

13 ref

016180   Ozawa M (Graduate School of Information Science, Nagoya Univ, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, 464-8601, Email: ozawa@is.nagoya-u.ac.jp) : Heisenberg's original derivation of the uncertainty principle and its universally valid reformulations. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2006-16.

Heisenberg's uncertainty principle was originally posed for the limit of the accuracy of simultaneous measurement of non-commuting observables as stating that canonically conjugate observables can be measured simultaneously only with the constraint that the product of their mean errors should be no less than a limit set by Planck's constant. However, Heisenberg with the subsequent completion by Kennard has long been credited only with a constraint for state preparation represented by the product of the standard deviations. Here, we show that Heisenberg actually proved the constraint for the accuracy of simultaneous measurement, but assuming an obsolete postulate for quantum mechanics. This assumption, known as the repeatability hypothesis, formulated explicitly by von Neumann and Schrodinger, was broadly accepted until the 1970s, but abandoned in the 1980s, when completely general quantum measurement theory was established. We also survey the present author's recent proposal for a universally valid reformulation of Heisenberg's uncertainty principle under the most general assumption on quantum measurement.

57 ref

016179   Ngom M I;Diouf M S;Thiam A;El-Moujtaba M A O; Sissoko G (Faculty of Sciences and Techniques, Physics Dep, Univ of Cheikh Anta Diop, Dakar, Senegal) : Influence of magnetic field on the capacitance of a vertical junction parallel solar cell in static regime, under multispectral illunimation. Int J pure appl Sci Technol 2015, 31(2), 65-75.

Theoretical study of a vertical parallel junction silicon solar cell under magnetic field, leads to diffusion capacitance determination versus magnetic field, junction recombination velocity and base thickness.

11 illus, 21 ref

016178   Naik I;Hansda S;Rastogi A K (Physics Dep, North Orissa Univ, Baripada-757 003, Email: indrajit_naik@yahoo.co.in) : Electronic properties of GaV₄S₈: A percolation approach. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 127-34.

Two polycrystalline V₄-cluster compounds of GaV₄S₈ were prepared at different annealing temperatures (GaV₄S₈-1 sintered at 800 ° and GaV₄S₈-2 sintered at 500 °). Their temperature-dependent resistivity and structural phase transformation temperature (45 K for GaV₄S₈-1 and 43 K for GaV₄S₈-2) are found to be very sensitive to the annealing condition. Above 320 K, activation energy ε₃ is calculated to be <126> 0.23 eV which decreases to <126>0.18 eV around 300 K in GaV₄S₈-1 and GaV₄S₈-2 on cooling. According to percolation theory, the gradual decrease in e 3 below 300 K is expected due to the increase in separation between V₄-clusters are significantly different in GaV₄S₈-1 and GaV₄S₈-2. This statement is strongly supported by the calculated bandwidth G per cluster in GaV₄S₈ (<126> 0.342 eV in GaV₄S₈-1 and <126> 0.374 eV in GaV₄S₈-2). A negative magnetoresistance (MR) is also found around 43 K in GaV₄S₈-2 at 6.0 T magnetic field associated with structural transition.

4 illus, 1 table, 16 ref

016177   Mohapatra R N;Zhangi Y (Maryland Centre for Fundamental Physics and Physics Dep, Univ of Maryland, College Park, Maryland-20742, USA, Email: rmohapat@umd.edu) : Quark see-saw, Higgs mass and vacuum stability. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 265-80.

Issue of vacuum stability of standard model (SM) is discussed by embedding it within the TeV scale left-right quark see-saw model. The Higgs potential in this case has only two coupling parameters (λ₁, λ₂) and two mass parameters. There are only two physical neutral Higgs bosons (h,H), the lighter one being identified with the 126 GeV Higgs boson. We explore the range of values for (λ₁, λ₂) for which the vacuum is stable for all values of the Higgs fields till 10^{16 GeV. Combining with the further requirement that the scalar self-couplings remain perturbative till 1016 GeV, we find (i) an upper and lower limit on the second Higgs (H) mass to be within the range: 0.4 ≤ (M_H /v_R) ≤ 0.7, where v_R is the parity breaking scale and (ii) the masses of heavy vector-like top, bottom and t partner fermions (P₃, N₃, E₃) have an upper bound ≤ v_R. These predictions can be tested at LHC and future higher energy colliders.}

3 illus, 5 tables, 20 ref

016176   Mohanty S (NO, Physics Research Laboratory, Ahemedabad-380 009, Email: mohanty@prl.res.in) : Inflation in the light of BICEP2 and PLANCK. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 353-61.

BICEP2 /Keck+PLANCK joint analysis of the B-model polarization and polarization by foreground dust sets an upper bound on the tensor-to-scalar ratio of r_0.05 <60> 0.12 at 95% CL. The popular Starorbinsky model Higgs-inflation or the conformally equivalent Higgs-inflation model allow low r values (<126> 10^{-3). We survey the generalizations of the Starobinsky-Higgs models which would allow larger values (r <126> 0.1). The Starobinsky-Higgs inflation models require an exponential potential which can be naturally derived from SUGRA models. We show that a variation of the no-scale SUGRA model can give rise to the generalized Starobinsky models which give large r. We also examine non-standard boundary conditions which would allow a large deviation of the tensor spectral index from the slow roll values and propose that the presence of a thermal component in the tensor spectrum arises from Gibbons-Hawking temperature of the de-Sitter space.}

2 illus, 35 ref

016175   Maninder Kaur;Arora B;Mian M (Physics Dep, Guru Nanak Dev Univ, Amritsar-143 005) : Wave packet construction in three-dimensional quantum billiards: Visualizing the closed orbit, collapse and revival of wave packets in the cubial billiard. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 31-48.

Authors examine the dynamical evolution of wave packets in a cubical billiard where three quantum numbers (n_x, n _y, n _z ) determine its energy spectrum and consequently its dynamical behaviour. We have constructed the wave packet in the cubical billiard and have observed its time evolution for various closed orbits. The closed orbits are possible for certain specific values of quantum numbers (n_x, n_y, n_z) and initial momenta (k_x, k_y, k_z). We observe that a cubical billiard exhibits degenerate energy levels and the path lengths of the closed orbits for these degenerate energy levels are identical. In spite of the identical path lengths, the shapes of the closed orbits for degenerate levels are different and depend upon angles θ and φ which we term as the sweep and the elevation angles, respectively. These degenerate levels owe their origin to the symmetries prevailing in the cubical billiard and these levels disappear completely or partially for a parallelepiped billiard as the symmetry breaks due to commensurate or incommensurate ratio of sides.

11 illus, 2 tables, 41 ref

016174   Mandayam P;Srinivas M D (Physics Dep, Indian Institute of Technology Madras, Chennai-600 036, Email: prabhamd@physics.iitm.ac.in) : Class of distance-based incompatibility measures for quantum measurements. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 1997-2001.

We discuss a recently proposed class of incompatibility measures for quantum measurements, which is based on quantifying the effect of measurements of one observable on the statistics of the outcome of another. We summarize the properties of this class of measures, and present a tight upper bound for the incompatibility of any set of projective measurements in finite dimensions. We also discuss non-projective measurements, and give a non-trivial upper bound on the mutual incompatibility of a pair of Luders instruments. Using the example of incompatible observables that commute on a subspace, we elucidate how this class of measures goes beyond uncertainty relations in quantifying the mutual incompatibility of quantum measurements.

12 ref

016173   Majumdar P (Physics Dep, Ramakrishna Mission Vivekananda Univ, Belur Math-711 202, Email: bhpartha@gmail.com) : Kalb-Ramond fields and the CMBR. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 335-41.

Cosmological implications on the polarization of the cosmic microwave background radiation, of a Kalb-Ramond field interacting with gauge fields and gravity as dictated by quantum consistency of heterotic string theory are surveyed. A parity violating augmentation going beyond the dictates of string theory is shown to lead to possible appearance of a B mode generated in the cosmic microwave background (CMB) in the post-last scattering epoch. This generation of the B mode of CMB appears to be dramatic when the augmentation is embedded within a Randall-Sundrum braneworld scenario of the first kind.

53 ref

016172   Majumdar D;Modak K P;Rakshit S (Astroparticle Physics and Cosmology Div, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, 1/AF Bidhannagar, Kolkata-700 064, Email: debasish.majumdar@saha.ac.in) : Two-component dark matter model with real singlet scalars confronting GeV γ-ray excess from galactic centre and fermi bubble. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 343-51.

Authors propose a two-component dark matter (DM) model, each component of which is a real singlet scalar, to explain results from both direct and indirect detection experiments. We put the constraints on the model parameters from theoretical bounds, PLANCK relic density results and direct DM experiments. The γ-ray flux is computed from DM annihilation in this framework and is then compared with the Fermi-LAT observations from galactic centre region and Fermi bubble.

3 illus, 1 table, 23 ref

016171   Mahesh T S;Shukla A;Hegde S S;Kumar C S S; Katiyar H;Joshi S;Koteswara Rao K R (Physics and NMR Research Centre Dep, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research, Pune-411 008, Email: mahesh.ts@iiserpune.ac.in) : Ancilla-assisted measurements on quantum ensembles: general protocols and applications in NMR quantum information processing. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 1987-97.

Quantum ensembles form easily accessible architectures for studying various phenomena in quantum physics, quantum information science and spectroscopy. Here we review some recent protocols for measurements in quantum ensembles by utilizing ancillary systems. We also illustrate these protocols experimentally via nuclear magnetic resonance techniques. In particular, we shall review noninvasive measurements, extracting expectation values of various operators, characterizations of quantum states and quantum processes, and finally quantum noise engineering.

11 illus, 1 table, 64 ref

016170   Khosa C K (Physics Dep, Panjab Univ, Chandigarh-140 016, Email: khosacharanjit@cts.iisc.ernet.in) : Dynamical generation of flavour. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 255-64.

Author propose the generation of Standard Model fermion hierarchy by the extension of renormalizable SO(10) GUT with O(N_g) family gauge symmetry. In this scenario, Higgs representations of SO(10) also carry family indices and are called Yukawons. Vacuum expectation values of these Yukawon fields break GUT and family symmetry and generate MSSM Yukawa couplings dynamically. We have demonstrated this idea using 10⊕210⊕126⊕126 Higgs irrep, ignoring the contribution of 120-plet which is, however, required for complete fitting of fermion mass-mixing data. The effective MSSM matter fermion couplings to the light Higgs pair are determined by the null eigenvectors of the MSSM-type Higgs doublet superfield mass matrix HH. A consistency condition on the doublet ([1,2,±1]) mass matrix (Det(H)=Det(H)= 0) is required to keep one pair of Higgs doublets light in the effective MSSM. We show that the Yukawa structure generated by null eigenvectors of HH are of generic kind required by the MSSM. A hidden sector with a pair of (S_ab ; φ_ab) fields breaks supersymmetry and facilitates D_O(N_g) = O. SUSY breaking is communicated via supergravity. In this scenario, matter fermion Yukawa couplings are reduced from 15 to just 3 parameters in MSGUT with three generations.

3 tables, 19 ref

016169   Keum Y Y;Salati P (Institute of Basic Science, Seoul National Univ, 1 Kwan-Ak-Ro, Kwan-Ak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email: yykeum2011@snu.ac.kr) : TeV-scale cosmic ray proton and helium spectra: contributions from the local sources. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 369-77.

Recent measurements of cosmic ray proton and helium spectra show a hardening above a few hundreds of GeV. This excess is hard to understand in the framework of the conventional models of galactic cosmic ray production and propagation. Here, we propose to explain this anomaly by the presence of local sources. Cosmic ray propagation is described as a diffusion process taking place inside a two-zone magnetic halo. We calculate the proton and helium fluxes at the Earth between 50 GeV and 100 TeV. Improving over a similar analysis, we consistently derive these fluxes by taking into account both local and remote sources for which a unique injection rate is assumed. We find cosmic ray propagation parameters for which the proton and helium spectra remarkably agree with the PAMELA and CREAM measurements over four decades in energy.

2 illus, 32 ref

016168   Keum Y Y (Institute of Basic Science, Seoul National Univ, 1 Kwan-Ak-Ro, Kwan-Ak-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, Email: yykeum2011@snu.ac.kr) : Neutrino mass bounds from neutrinoless double beta-decays and cosmological probes. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 437-51.

Authors investigate the way the total mass sum of neutrinos can be constrained from the neutrinoless double beta-decay and cosmological probes with cosmic microwave background (CMBR), large-scale structures including 2dFGRS and SDSS datasets. First we discuss, in brief, the current status of neutrino mass bounds from neutrino beta decays and cosmic constraint within the flat CMD model. In addition, we explore the interacting neutrino dark-energy model, where the evolution of neutrino masses is determined by quintessence scalar field, which is responsible for cosmic acceleration. Assuming the flatness of the Universe, the constraint we can derive from the current observation is ∑m_v <60> 0.87 eV at 95% confidence level, which is consistent with ∑m_v <60> 0.68 eV in the flat ACDM model without Lyman alpha forest data. In the presence of Lyman- a forest data, interacting dark-energy models prefer a weaker bound ∑m_v <60> 0.43 eV to ∑m_v <60> 0.17 ∑m_v <60> 0.17 eV (Seljark et al). Finally, we discuss the future prospect of the neutrino mass bound with weak-lensing effects.

6 illus, 4 tables, 49 ref

016167   Kaur D;Naimuddin M;Verma S K (Physics Astrophysics Dep, Delhi Univ, Delhi-110 007, Email: daljeet.kaur97@gmail.com) : Precision measurement of neutrino oscillation parameters at INO-ICAL detector. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 459-64.

Magnetized Iron CALorimeter (ICAL) detector at the India-based neutrino observatory (INO) is used to study neutrino oscillation sensitivity using atmospheric muon neutrino source. The ICAL detector will be able to detect muon tracks and hadron showers produced by neutrino interactions with the iron target. We have performed precision measurement analysis for the atmospheric neutrino oscillation parameters with the muon neutrino events, generated by Monte Carlo NUANCE event generator. A marginalized χ^{2 analysis based on reconstructed neutrino energy and muon zenith angle binning scheme has been performed to determine the sensitivity for the atmospheric neutrino mixing parameters, sin2θ₂₃ and |Δm2/23|.}

2 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

016166   Karthik H S;Devi A R U;Rajagopal A K (NO, Raman Research Institute, Bengaluru-560 080, Email: arutth@rediffmail.com ) : Unsharp measurements and joint measurability. Curr Sci 2015, 109(11), 2061-8.

Hear is an overview of joint unsharp measurements of non-commuting observables using positive operator valued measures (POVMs). We exemplify the role played by joint measurability of POVMs in entropic uncertainty relation for Alice's pair of non-commuting observables in the presence of Bob's entangled quantum memory. We show that Bob should record the outcomes of incompatible (non-jointly measurable) POVMs in his quantum memory so as to beat the entropic uncertainty bound. In other words, in addition to the presence of entangled Alice-Bob state, implementing incompatible POVMs at Bob's end is necessary to beat the uncertainty bound and hence predict the outcomes of non-commuting observables with improved precision. We also explore the implications of joint measurability to validate a moment matrix constructed from average pairwise correlations of three dichotomic non-commuting qubit observables. We prove that a classically acceptable moment matrix - which ascertains the existence of a legitimate joint probability distribution for the outcomes of all the three dichotomic observables - could be realized if and only if compatible POVMs are employed.

38 ref

016165   Kanishka R;Bhatnagar V;Indumathi D (Physics Dep, Panjab Univ, Sector 14, Chandigarh-160 014, Email: kanishka.rawat.phy@gmail.com) : Muon response in ICAL detector at India-based neutrino observatory. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(2), 465-9.

Magnetized iron calorimeter (ICAL) detector, proposed to be built in the India-based neutrino observatory (INO) laboratory, aims to study atmospheric neutrino oscillations. A simulations study of response of muons to the ICAL detector is presented in the form of momentum reconstruction, angle resolution and reconstruction, and charge identification efficiency (CID).

3 illus, 5 ref

016164   Kangarlou H;Abdollahi A (Physics Dep, Faculty of Science, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad Univ, Urmia, Iran, Email: h.kangarlou@iaurmia.ac.ir) : Pressure-temperature dependence of thermodynamic properties of rutile (TiO₂): A first-principles study. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 117-26.

Ab-initio calculations of thermal properties of rutile (TiO₂) have been performed by using the projector augmented-wave (PAW) method within the generalized gradient approximation (GGA). Both pressure- and temperature-dependent thermodynamic properties such as the bulk modulus, thermal expansion, thermal expansion coefficient, heat capacity at constant volume and constant pressure were calculated using two different models based on the quasiharmonic approximation (QHA): the Debye-Slater and Debye-Gruneisen model with Dugdale-MacDonald (DM) approximation. Also, the empirical energy corrections were applied to the results to correct the systematic errors introduced by the functional. It is found that the Debye-Gruneisen model provides more accurate estimates than the Debye-Slater models, especially after empirical energy correction.

5 illus, 44 ref

016163   Jassim K S;Radhi R A;Hussain N M (Physics Dep, College of Education for Pure Science, Babylon Univ, P.O. Box 4, Hilla-Babylon, Iraq, Email: khalidsj@uobabylon.edu.iq) : Inelastic magnetic electron scattering form factors of the <. Pramana J Phys 2016, 86(1), 87-96.

Magnetic electron scattering (M3) form factors with core polarization effects, energy levels and B(M3) values to 3^{+ states of the 26Mg nucleus have been studied using shell model calculations. The universal sd of the Wildenthal interaction, universal sd-shell interaction A, universal sd-shell interaction B, are used for the sd-shell orbits. Core polarization effects according to microscopic theory are taken into account by the excitations of nucleons from the (1s_1/2 1p_3/2 1p_1/2) core and also from valence 1d_5/2 2s_1/2 1d_3/2 orbits into higher shells, with 4hω4 excitation. In form factor calculations, the universal sd-shell interaction B for the sd-shell is used with the Michigan three-range Yakawa effective NN interaction as a residual interaction for the core polarization calculations. The wave functions of the radial single-particle matrix elements have been calculated using harmonic oscillator potentials. The level schemes are compared with the experimental data up to 9.902 MeV. In this study, very good agreements are obtained for all nuclei. Results from M3 form factor calculations with the inclusion of core polarization and new g-factors give good agreement with the experimental data.}

5 illus, 1 table, 22 ref