011495   Patil M R;Mane M L;Gaikwad P K;More S D; Kawade V B;Jadhav K M (Physics Dep, Dr. Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada Univ, Aurangabad-431 004) : Development of nanosize nickel ferrite and effect of sintering temperature on the structural properties of nanosize nickel ferrite. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 74-5.

Nanosize nickel ferrite (NiFe₂O₄) was prepared by sol-gel auto combustion technique at tow temperature using citric acid as a fuel. The metal to fuel ratio was taken as 1:4, whereas pH of the sample was maintained at 8. The prepared NiFe₂O₄ sample were sintered at various temperatures viz. 500 °C, 700 °C and 900 °C to see the effect on structural properties. The X-ray diffraction was employed to characterize the prepared NiFe₂O₄. The broad lines in XRD patterns indicate the nanosize nature of the samples. Using XRD data the structural parameters were obtained. It was found that the lattice constant, particle size varies with sintering temperature.

1 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

011494   Patil A;Killedar A;Patil V;Choi J W;Yoon S J (NO, Vishwakarma College of Arts Commerce and Science, Kondhwa Bk. Pune, Email: sjyoon@kisi.re.kr) : Structural, compositional and electrochemical properties of nanocrystalline SI-CR alloy anodes for lithium thin film battery. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 155-7.

In recent years, many new materials have been investigated in order to meet the need of high energy density for thin film batteries. Silicon based anode materials are attracting wide attention because of the highest theoretical capacity. By using DC magnetron sputtering method aluminium film was deposited on ceramic substrate which acts as a current collector. Nanocrystalline film of Silicon-Chromium(Si-Cr) alloy was deposited on aluminum film by using same sputtering method. High purity chrome and silicon alloy sputtering target was used for the deposition. Both the films were analysed by XRD, EDAX, AFM and SEM. Electrochemical properties of the films were analyzed. After Lithium insertion and excretion the effect on the structure and surface of the thin film has been studied. The crystallite size was determined by FWHM of XRD peaks. Particle size and microstructure of the film have been studied by SEM and AFM The thin films have 96% purity of silicon-chromium and aluminium which is confirmed by EDAX. Composition ratio between silicon and chrome obtained by EDAX is 5:1.

5 illus, 12 ref

011493   Patankar K K;Deshmukh V J (NO, Rajaram College, Kolhapur) : Anomalous behavior in dielectric and magnetic permeability properties of composites. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 61-2.

Composites of CuFe₁₈Cr_0.2O₄ BaTiO₃ composites were prepared ceramic method by varying the mole ratio of component phases. Dielectric constant and magnetic permeability of these composites were measured for different values of frequencies. Results obtained showed interesting variations in both dielectric constant and permeability on application of magnetic and electric field respectively. The results obtained are interpreted in terms of magnetomechanical and electromechanical properties exhibited by the ferrite and ferroelectric phases in composites.

3 illus, 8 ref

011492   Patange S M;Lohar K S;Shrisath S E;Jadhav S S;Mane D R;Jadhav K M (NO, Shrikrishna Mahavidyalaya, Gunjoti) : D.C. resistivity and dielectric properties of nano-size CU-ZN ferrites. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 52-3.

Nanocrystalline samples of ferrites Cu_0.7Zn_0.3Al_xFe_2-xO₄ with x=0.0 to 1.0 were prepared by wet chemical technique and have been studied by X-ray diffraction, d.c. resistivity and dielectric properties. The lattice constants calculated from XRD data decrease with increase in Al content x. The d.c. and a.c. resistivity as function of temperature were studied for various Al substitutions in Cu-Zn ferrite. The d.c. resistivity of all samples was measured as a function of Al content x using two-probe method. The activation energy of all samples was found to be lower in ferrimagnetie region than that in paramagnetic region. The transition temperature obtained from d.c. resistivity data decrease with increase in Al content x. Dielectric properties such as dielectric constant (') and loss tangent (tan ) have been investigated at constant frequency and varying temperature. The dielectric constant and tangent loss for ferrites prepared through wet chemical route posses a value lower than that of the ceramically prepared samples.

3 illus, 13 ref

011491   Panda S K;Jacob C (Materials Science Centre, Indian Institute of Technology, Kharagpur-721 302, Email: cxj14_holiday@yahoo.com) : Catalytic synthesis of ZnO nanorods on patterned silicon wafer-an optimum material for gas sensor. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(5), 493-8.

ZnO nanorods have been synthesized over etch-patterned Si (110) wafer using annealed silver thin film as growth catalyst. The growth of ZnO nanorods were performed by a two-step process. Initially, the deposition of Zn thin film was done on the annealed silver catalyst film over etch-patterned Si (110) substrate by thermal evaporation, and then annealed at 800°C in air. The etching of the patterned Si (110) wafers was carried out by 50% aqueous KOH solution. The samples were investigated by optical microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy and room temperature photoluminescence spec-troscopy. ' V shaped grooves with no undercut were formed after etching due to the anisotropic nature of the KOH etchant. The etch-patterned wafer was used to provide larger surface area for ZnO growth by forming 'V-grooves. This ZnO film may be predicted as a very good material for gas sensor.

7 illus, 33 ref

011490   Palaspagar R S;Nemade K R;Koparkar K A; Kosalge S S;Bhalerao G T;Muley G G;Pawar B H;Waghuley S A (Physics Dep, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati Univ, Amravati-444 602, Email: rspalaspagar@yahoo.com) : Activation energy of polythiophene/vanadium pentoxide composite material. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 112-15.

Society has always wanted and continued to seek materials that are strong, tough, and light. In this quest, it was discovered that the macroscopic combinations of two or more different materials resulting in a new material with improved properties could be described as "composite". The composite of polythiophine/vanadium pentoxide (PTh/V₂O₅) was prepared by 20 wt% V₂O₅ in the form of pallet. The polythiophine was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method in methanol. FeCI₃ was used as an oxidant. Monomer to oxidant ratio was 1:1 M. It showed a 99% fitting of Arrhenius plot. The dielectric constant at fixed frequency (1 KHz) was linearly varies with temperature. The composite characterized by XRD analysis. The variation of logo versus 1/T for composite shows Arrhenius nature. The activation energy for composite was found to be 1.8 x 1CT^{-4 eV/K.}

3 illus, 32 ref

011489   Palaspagar R S;Nemade K R;Koparkar K A; Kosalge S S;Bhalerao G T;Muley G G;Pawar B H;Waghuley S A (NO, , , Email: rspalaspagar@yahoo.com) : D.C. conductivity of PTH/V₂O₅ composite. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 85-7.

The composite of polythiophine/vanadium pentoxide (PTh/V₂O₅) was prepared by 20 wt% V₂O₅ in the form of pallet. The polythiophine was synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method in methanol. FeCl₃ was used as an oxidant. Monomer to oxidant ratio was 1:1M. it showed a 99% fitting of Arrhenius plot. The dielectric constant at fixed frequency (1 KHz) was linearly varies with temperature. The composite characterized by XRD analysis. The variation of Iogo versus 1/T for composite shows Arrhenius nature. The activation energy for composite was found to be 1.8 x 10^{-4 eV/K}

3 illus, 21 ref

011488   Nemade K R;Palaspagar R S;Koparkar K A; Kosalge S S;Bhalerao G T;Muley G G;Pawar B H;Waghuley S A (Physics Dep, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati Univ, Amravati-444 602, Email: krnemade@yahoo.com) : Sensitivity and dynamic response of zinc oxide thin film to carbon dioxide gas. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 133-5.

Zinc Oxide (ZnO) based sensors have attracted much attention as gas sensors because of their chemical sensitivity to gases, high chemical stability, non-toxicity and low cost. The film of ZnO was prepared by Screen Printing method on glass substrate. The silver electrodes are deposited on both the sides of film for measuring sensing characteristics. The sensitivity of film was measured for different Concentration (ppm) of CO₂ gas at room temperature. The Higher value of sensitivity was found to be 0.3 at 200 ppm. The response time was found to be ~ 1 min. The film was characterized by XRD analysis. The possible mechanism for CO₂ gas detection in ZnO material is based on reactions that occur at the sensor surface, resulting in a change in concentration of adsorbed oxygen.

3 illus, 27 ref

011487   Narayan H;Alemu H;Macheli L;Sekota M; Thakurdesai M;Gundu Rao T K (Physics and Electronics Dep, National Univ of Lesotho, Roma 180, Lesotho, Email: h.narayan@nul.ls) : Role of particle size in visible light photocatalysis of congo red using TiO₂. [ZnFe₂O₄]_x nanocomposites. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(5), 499-506.

TiO₂-[ZnFe₂O₄]_x (x = 0.0-0.5) nanocomposites (NCs) with an average particle size of 72.4 nm were synthesized by the method of co-precipitation/hydrolysis (CPH). For the comparison of particle-size dependent effects, a set of polycrystalline samples with similar compositions was also prepared by solid state reaction (SSR) route. Average particle size for SSR prepared samples was about 3.0μm. All the samples were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size analyzer, Raman spectroscopy and Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) spectroscopy. Their visible light photocatalytic activity was tested for the degradation of Congo Red dye. Maximum photodegradation was observed for the NC with x = 0-1 synthesized by CPH (particle size, 71 nm). Similar composition prepared by SSR method (particle size, 6-19 μm) showed lower photoactivity in comparison even with that observed for pure TiO₂ (particle size, 4-03 μm). It was, therefore, concluded that enhanced photodegradation is directly related to the reduced particle size of the composites, which implies that photosensitization is the process primarily involved. Although, doping of TiO₂ with ZnFe₂O₄ does extend the cut-off wavelength towards visible parts of the spectrum, its contribution in the enhancement is not as significant as that due to the photosensitization.

8 illus, 15 ref

011486   Nagabhushanam M;Nagabushan E;Jaya Prakash D; Rajam B;Yadaiah K (Physics Dep, Univ College of Science, Osmania Univ, Hyderabad-500 007, Email: mamidala_nb@yahoo.com) : Growth, characterization and transport properties of Pb_xZn_1-xS mixed crystals. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(1), 109-15.

The polycrystalline Pb_xZn_1-xS semiconductor powder with (0 ≤x ≤ 0.5) has been prepared by controlled co-precipitation method from an alkaline medium using thiourea as a sulphide ion source. Pellets are made with these powders applying 10 ton/sq.cm. pressure and sintered at 800°C for 2 h in nitrogen atmosphere. X-ray studies of these samples have indicated that the compounds are polycrystalline in nature with mixed hexagonal and cubic structure of ZnS and cubic structure of PbS. Lattice parameters (a and c) of all the compounds are determined from the X-ray data and are found to decrease nonlinearly with increase in Pb concentration (x). It is also observed that the grain size of the crystallites increases in samples with x = 0-0.5. Scanning electron micrographs have shown that both cubic and hexagonal crystallites are present in the mixed crystals. The electrical conductivity in Pb_xZn_1-xS is found to decrease with increase in composition (x = 0-0.5), whereas it increases at all temperatures in all samples. Mobility of charge carrier concentration is found to increase with increasing temperature. The increase in carrier mobility in Pb_xZn_1-xS samples may be due to reduced grain boundary potential. In Pb_xZn_1-xS samples with x = 0-0-3, the sum of the activation energy due to charge carriers and grain boundary potential is equal to the activation energy due to conductivity.

8 illus, 16 ref

011485   Nagabhushana K R;Lakshminarasappa B N;Singh F (Physics Dep, Jnanabharathi, Bangalore Univ, Bangalore-560 056, Email: bnlnarasappa@gmail.com) : Photoluminescence and raman studies in swift heavy ion irradiated polycrystalline aluminum oxide. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(5), 515-19.

Polycrystalline aluminum oxide is synthesized by combustion technique and XRD studies of the sample revealed the ur-phase. The synthesized sample is irradiated with 120 MeV swift Au₉+ ions for the flu-ence in the range from 1 x 10₁₁ to 1 x 10₁₃ ions cm_-2. A broad photoluminescence (PL) emission with peak at - 447 nm and two sharp emissions with peak at ~ 679 and ~ 695 nm are observed in pristine when sample was excited with 326 nm. However, in the irradiated samples the PL intensity at - 447, 679 and 695 nm decreases with increase in ion fluence. The cr-A1₂O_3, gives rise to seven Raman modes with Raman intensity with peaks at - 253, 396, 417, 546, 630, 842, 867 cm_-1 observed in pristine. The intensity of these modes decreases with increase in ion fluence. However, the Raman modes observed at lower fluences are found to disappear at higher fluence.

4 illus, 22 ref

011484   Mukhopadhyay P (Materials Science Dep, Defence Institute of Advanced Technology, Pune-411 025, Email: prantikmukherje@yahoo.com) : Recrystallization microstructure modelling from superimposed deformed microstructure on microstructure model. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(4), 415-20.

The recovered cold rolled microstructure obtained from orientation image microstructure of Al-4%Mg-0-5%Mn alloy (AA5182 alloy) was superimposed on the grid of cellular automata based micro-structure model. The Taylor factors of deformed/cold rolled orientations were considered as the driving force for recrystallization. The local development of recrystallized microstructure and texture were simulated with orientation dependent grain boundary mobility and compared with the experimental results.

5 illus, 1 table, 10 ref

011483   More S D;Shirsath S E;Shinde A B;Jadhav S P; Shengule D R;Jadhav K M (Dep of Physics, PG and Research Center, Deogiri College, Aurangabad-431 001) : Synthesis and characterization of nano-crystalline cu-zn spinel ferrites. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 121-3.

Nano-crystalline powders of Cu-Zn ferrites having the chemical formulas Zn,Cu_1-xFe₂O₄, where x varies as 0.0, 0.2, 0.4 and 0.6 were synthesized by wet chemical co-precipitation technique. The synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction technique. The as prepared powder of Cu-Zn samples was sintered at 800 °C. The XRD pattern of the sintered sample showed the well defined Bragg's peaks corresponding to spinel structure. The particle size estimated from Scherrer's formula proves the nano crystalline nature of the sample. The surface morphological study was carried out using scanning electron microscope. The gain size and surface area were determined using SEM images.

2 illus, 1 table, 8 ref

011482   Maya Devi S;Muneera C I;Louie Frobel P G; Suresh S R;Sreeja S (Physics Dep, Kerala Univ, Kariavattom, Trivandrum-695 581, Email: drcimuneera@hotmail.com) : Low-threshold saturable absorption and nonlinear refraction in composite films of brilliant cresyl blue dye-polymer system. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 69-70.

Low threshold gaturabje absorption and nonlinear refraction behaviour displayed by composite films of Briliant Cresyl Blue dye, cast by embedding it on a polymer host, polyvinyl alcohol for different concentrations, as studied using the standard Z-scan technique under different peak incident intensities for the first time, the source of excitation being a continuous wave low power He-Ne laser operating at 632.8 nm wavelength. The sign and magnitude of the nonlinearities were estimated from the Z-scan data for different concentrations and incident intensities and the measured values of coefficients of nonlinear absorption, nonlinear refraction and the third-order nonlinear susceptibility of the dye-polymer composite films were as high as the largest of those reported for cw excitation.

3 illus, 10 ref

011481   Malekar V P;Kulal P M;Dhasade S S;Patil J S; Fulari V J (Holography and Materials Research Lab., Physics Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur-416 004) : Measurement of properties of electrodeposited cuse thin films by double exposure holographic interferometry. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 9-10.

Holography is a well-known optical technique which can provide valuable information on the location and distribution of small particles in three-dimensional space. Reports a technique, which uses double exposure holographic interferometry together with simple mathematicannterpretation. It is observed that, increase in deposition time thickness and mass of CuSe thin film increases but stress to substrate as welt as fringe width decreases. The structural property of the deposited CuSe thin films has been studied using XRD for the confirmation of the material.

4 illus, 2 tables, 6 ref

011480   Li J;Sheng X H (NO, , Shanghai Zhuzong Company, Shanghai 200032, P.R. China, Email: shengxiaohong2@sina.com) : Nano-tribological characteristics of TiO₂ films on 3-mercaptopropyl trimethoxysilane sulfonated self-assembled monolayer. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(5), 481-6.

Silane coupling reagent (3-mercaptopropyI trimethoxysilane (MPTS)) was used to prepare two-dimensional self-assembled monolayer (SAM) on silicon substrate. The terminal -SH group was in situ oxidized to -SO₃H group to endow the film with good chemisorption ability. Then TiO₂ thin films were deposited on the oxidized MPTS-SAM to form composite thin films, making use of the chemisorption ability of the -SO₃H group. Atomic force microscope (AFM) and contact angle measurements were used to characterize TiO₂ films. Adhesive force and friction force of TiO₂ thin films and silicon substrate were measured under various applied normal loads and scanning speed of AFM tip. Results showed that the friction force increased with applied normal loads and scanning speed of AFM tip. In order to study the effect of capillary force, tests were performed in various relative humidities. Results showed that the adhesive force of silicon substrate increases with relative humidities and the adhesive force of TiO₂ thin films only increases slightly with relative humidity. Research showed that surfaces with more hydrophobic property revealed the lower adhesive and friction forces.

8 illus, 16 ref

011479   Kundaikar G V;Tangsali R B;Pissurlekar V J; Budkuley J S (Physics Dep, Goa Univ, Taleigao Plateau, Goa-403 206) : Transport properties of nanoparticles MN_xZN_(1-x)FE₂O₄ prepared by novel synthesis. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 176-80.

Mn _xZn _(1-x)Fe₂O₄ with x = 0.4, and 0.5, nanoparticle ferrite material with grain size (~17nm-25nm) was synthesized by using auto-combustion synthesis. The novel part of the whole synthesis is that, unlike metal nitrates conventionally used for auto- combustion synthesis, metal oxides were used to obtain the required material at low processing temperature. The 28, d, and lattice constant values 'a' found using Rietveld Analysis on XRD data were in excellent agreement with reported values. Transmission Electron Microscopy confirming the nanoparticle size of the crystallites and EDS spectra for Stoichiometry confirmation was obtained. Thermoelectric and resistivity exhibited a usual semiconductor like behavior with contributions from large surface area to volume ratio and phonons vibrations adding up to enhance the resistivity of the samples. The room temp resistivity of the samples was found to be in the range of 10^{8 to 109 Ohm-cm.}

10 illus, 4 tables, 9 ref

011478   Kumari K;Banerjee S;Chini T K;Ray N R (Plasma Physics Div, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata-400 064, Email: niharranjan.ray@saha.ac.in) : Preparation of diamond like carbon thin film on stainless steel and its SEM characterization. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(6), 563-7.

Reports the formation of a very smooth, continuous and homogeneous diamond-like carbon DLC thin coating over a bare stainless steel surface without the need for a thin Si/Cr/Ni/Mo/W/TiN/TiC inter-facial layer. As confirmed by the field-emission scanning electron microscopy, good adhesion is achieved as characterized by (i) the formation of a smooth, continuous film with no pores, (ii) a significant reduction of oxygen in the interfacial layer, and (iii) the development of rich carbon content at the top surface. Thickness measurements by cross-sectional secondary-emission microscopy showed that the DLC coating is essentially a 2-dimiensional material.

5 illus, 15 ref

011477   Kumar M (NO, B.R.A. Bihar Univ, Muzaffarpur-842 001, Email: mukbihar@rediffmail.com) : Estimation of scattering from a moist rough surface with spheroidal dust particles. Bull Mater Sci 2009, 32(4), 459-62.

The scattering from moisture rough surface with spheroidal dust particles having surface with spheroidal dust particles has recently received much attention. In part due to the recent prediction and observation of the spheroidal dust particles in rough surfaces under elastic wave by the Kirchhoff scattering model and scalar approximation with slope. Our analysis shows that the scattering depends on the moisture (2-4-5%) with spheroidal dust particles. At slightly moisture rough surface the dielectric properties increase with change in field amplitude in a rough surface with spheroidal dust particles.

3 illus, 6 ref

011476   Kulal P M;Gangavane S A;Malekar V P;Prabhune V B;Pawar S J;Fulari V J (Holography and Material Research Laboratory, Physics Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur-416 004, Email: vijayfulari@gmail.com) : Electochemical synthesis of Sb₂Se₃ thin films and its holographic study using He-Ne laser. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 184-6.

Eiectrodeposition of Antimony selenide (Sb,Se₃) thin films onto stainless steel substrate using bath containing potassium antimony tartarate and selenium dioxide. The structural morphological and optical properties of the deposited films are studied using X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and optical absorption techniques, respectively. Surface wettability tested by measuring contact angle meter. XRD pattern revealed that the Sb₂Se₃ thin films are polycrystalline in nature. Scanning electron micrograph of Sb₂Se₃ films clearly shows the formatron of flakes. The Sb₂Se₃ thin film shows direct band gap with energy 2.0 eV. Wettability test of Sb₂Se₃ thin films reveals superhydrophilic nature with water contact angle less than 10°. The determination of thickness, mass and stress of the Sb₂Se₃ thin film was carried out by Double Exposure Holographic Interferometry (DEHI) technique which uses He-Ne laser.

7 illus, 1 table, 9 ref

011475   Kosalge S S;Bhalerao G T;Palaspagar R S; Koparkar K A;Nemade K R;Joharkar S U;Muley G G;Pawar B H;Waghuley S A (Physics Dep, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati Univ, Amravati-444 602, Email: sawaghuley@yahoo.co.in) : Cerium dioxide as a carbon dioxide gas sensor. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 88-9.

Rare earth oxides have been extensively explored for several advanced applications, such as in electronics, optics, heterogeneous catalysis and gas sensors. The film of cerium dioxide (CeO2) was prepared by Screen Printing technique on glass substrate. The silver electrodes are deposited on both the sides of film for electrical contacts. The sensitivity of film was measured for different concentration (ppm) of CO2 gas at room temperature. The sensitivity was found to be rapidly increased after 200 ppm of CO₂.

2 illus, 14 ref

011474   Koparkar K A;Nemade K R;Palaspagar R S; Kosalge S S;Bhalerao G T;Muley G G;Pawar B H;Waghuley S A (Physics Dep, Sant Gadge Baba Amravati Univ, Amravati-444 602, Email: kakoparkar@yahoo.com) : Sensing response of polyaniline/polyvinyl acetate composite film to carbon dioxide gas. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 27-9.

The films of Polyaniline (PANI)/polyvinyl acetate (PVAc) composite were prepared by chemical oxidative polymerization method on glass substrate. Two films of 20 and 40 wt% PVAc were prepared. The silver electrodes are deposited on both the sides of films for measuring sensing characteristics. The sensitivity of films was measured for different concentration (ppm) of CO₂ gas at room temperature. Both films shows cross sensitivity at about 800 ppm of CO₂. XRD analysis was used to characterize the films.

3 illus, 14 ref

011473   Kawale R S;Tumberphale U B;Karhale G A; Kalamse G M (Physics Dep, Science College, Nanded-431 605, Email: kalamse_gm123@rediffmail.com) : Dielectric behaviour of thiophenol (C₆H₆S) im benzene at 15.2GHZ microwave frequency. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 14-15.

Using Surber's technique coefficient from the air-dielectric boundary of liquid, the dielectric constant (ε'), dielectric loss (ε") of Vfhiophenol in Benzene solution for different moie fraction of thiopMrji; have been measured at 15.2 GHz. Density (ρ), dielectric constant (ε'), dielectric loss (ε") have been evaluated to estimate molar polarization ( P₁₂) and dipole moment (μD). These parameters used to interpret the dfefecttle behaviour of thiophenol. It is found that the moiar polarization ( P₁₂) and dipole moment (μD) increases with increase in mole fraction of thiophenol.

4 illus, 1 tables

011472   Kamat S D;Gangawane S A;Dhaigude H D;Fulari V J (Govt. College of Arts, Commerce & Science, Quepem, Goa) : Structural and dielectric properties of zinc substituted PbTiO₃ ceramics. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 152-3.

Solid solution of Pb_0.9Zn_0.1 TiO₃ was prepared using conventional solid state combustion route. It was characterized by XRD. EDAX, FTIR and FT Raman Spectroscopy. The surface morphology of the sample was carried out using scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The band gap energy of the sample was determined using UV visible Spectroscopy. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the sample were studied as a function of temperature and frequency. XRD and FTIR studies indicated the formation of monophasic and homogenous sample. The FT Raman Spectroscopic study showed the presence of soft optical phonons in lower frequency range. The UV visible spectroscopic studies showed a band gap of 2.75 eV for the sample. The dielectric constant and loss tangent of the sample showed a decrease with frequency, It showed a sharp rise with increase in temperature with a maxima at transition temperature. The toss tangent of the sample showed decrease with frequency and increase with temperature.

8 illus, 15 ref

011471   Kale C M;Kakde D E;Kawade R B;Shengule D R; Shukla S J (Indraraj College of Arts, Commerce and Science, Sillod, Aurangabad-431 112) : Mossbauer spectral studies in Ti<. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 167-9.

Ti^{4+ substituted nickel ferrite were prepared by conventional oxide ceramic processes. The influences of Ti4+ substitution on structural and magnetic properties of nickel ferrite were investigated using X-ray diffraction technique and pulse field magnetization technique. The results of X-ray diffraction pattern indicate that with increase of Ti4+ concentration the diffraction peaks shifted slightly towards higher angle and the lattice parameter 'a' decreases. Using XRD data the structural parameter were calculated and their variation with Ti4+ substitution is studied. Mossbauerspectroscopy is used to characterize the magnetic properties. The Mossbauer spectra shows two set of six line hyperfine pattern for all the samples indicating the presence of iron ions in both tetrahedral (A) and octahedral [B] site. On substituted Ti4+ ions, isomer shift (Is), hyperfine magnetic field (H₁), quadrupole shift (Qs) decreases.}

2 illus, 8 ref

011470   Jin W;Zhai C;Wang L;Zhang Y;Zhan X (Institute of Aerospace Science & Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai 200 240, China) : Ambiguity function method scheme for aircraft attitude sensor utilising GPS/GLONASS carrier phase measurement. Def Sci J 2009, 59(5), 466-70.

When the receivers of GPS, GLONASS, COMPASS and other such systems are equipped with multiple antennas, they can give attitude information. Based on the difference carrier phase equations established in local level frame (LLF), a new algorithm is presented to resolve aircraft attitude determination problems in real-time. Presuming that the cycle integer ambiguity is known, the measurement equations have attitude analytical resolutions using single difference (SD) equations of two navigation satellites in-view. Similar with SD process, the double difference (DD) measurements are established and analysed. In addition, the SD and DD algorithms are capable of reducing the integer search space into some discrete point space and then the ambiguity function method (AFM) resolves the ambiguity function within the point solutions space. Therefore the procedures have very low computation, thus saving time. The hardware architecture has been realised using multiple GPS/GLONASS OEMs. The experimental results have demonstrated that the proposed approach is effective and can satisfy the requirement of real-time application in cases of GPS, and combined GPS, and GLONASS.

8 illus, 1 table, 11 ref

011469   Jamadade V S;Patil S V;Pusawale S N;Fulari V J;Lokhande C D (Thin Film Physics Laboratory, Physics Dep, Shivaji Univ, Kolhapur-416 004, Email: l_chandrakant@yahoo.com) : Spectroscopic, microscopic and structural studies of leucoemeraldine, emeraldine and pernigraniline form of polyaniline thin films. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 38-40.

Reports the electrosynthesized leucoemeraldine (L), emeralidine (E) and pemigraniline (P) forms of polyaniline on to stainless steel (304) substrates. The properties of these forms were studied usig X-ray diffraction (XRD) technique; Raman and fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and surface wettability. Amorphous nature of leucoemeraldine, emerladine and pernigraniline forms of polyanline has been revealed from XRD analysis. The formation of elemental bonds of polyaniline films have been comfirmed by FTIR and Raman spectroscopic techniques. SEM images showed compact nature for leucoemeraidine (L). emeraldine (E) and pernigraniline (P) forms and some extent of overgrowth are observed for pemigranline (P) form. Surface wettability measurement showed hydrophobic to hydrophilic change with water contact angles 102°, 65° and 86° for leucoemeraldine (L), emeraldine (E) and pemigranline (P) forms, respectively.

5 illus, 7 ref

011468   Jadhavar L B;Sayyad S B;Jadhav K M (M.S.P. Mandal's, Arts, Commerce & Science College, Kille-Dharur, Dist. Beed-431 122, Email: rspalaspagar@yahoo.com) : Microstructural, infrared and dielectric properties of NIGA_xCR_XFE_2-2xO₄ ferrites. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 93-6.

An extensive Study of micro structural, IR absorption spectra and dielectric properties of nickel ferrite when doped with Ga and Cr were carried out. The general Chemical formula is NiGa_xCr_x Fe_2-2xO₄ where x = 0.1 to 0.5. The samples were prepared by usual double sintering ceramic method. The X ray diffraction pattern of the samples revealed the formation of a single phase cubic spinel structure. The variation of lattice constant (a) with the composition x shows that on addition of Ga, Cr content value of lattice constant goes on decreasing from x = 0.2 and this behavior can be explained on the basis of ionic radii. The IR absorption spectra shows two absorption bands which is a common feature of a ferrite. The dielectric properties ε^{1 and tan δ with frequency were studied and all the samples shows normal dielectric behavior with frequency}

5 illus, 2 tables, 26 ref

011467   Jadhav V;Ghodke R;Bhagwat S (Physics Dep, Abasaheb Garware College, Karve Road, Pune-411 004) : Effect of temperature for the control of crystal growth of SnO₂ thin films. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 149-51.

Highly conductive transparent SnO₂ thin films were prepared on Corning glass substrate using spray pyrolysis technique. It is observed that these films are polycrystalline with the preferred orientation along (220). The preferred growth of the film along the direction critically depends on the temperature and the concentration of the precursor solution which in turn governs the interstitial incorporation of tin atoms. This was investigated using X-ray diffraction technique. The interstitial incorporation also improves the electrical properties, mainly the conductivity. The results also show that films with high conductivity and with a transmittance as high as 85% in VIS-NIR range can be achieved by controlling the substrate temperature and other deposition parameters.

3 illus, 1 table, 12 ref

011466   Jadhav S S;Rathod S M;Shinde A B;Shendkar J H;Patange S M (D.S.M.'s Arts, Comm. & Sci. College, Jintur-431 509, Email: rspalaspagar@yahoo.com) : Effect of ZN<. Bionano Front 2010, ICLAM(spl), 81-4.

The ferrite system Mg_1-xZn_xFe₂O₄ with x=0.0 to 1.0 (x=0.2) is prepared by sol-gel auto combustion method. The characterization of the ferrite samples is made by X-ray diffraction technique. The X-ray diffractograms reveals the cubic phase in the ferrite matrix. The particle size is calculated by Scherrer metod, which is 46nm on average. The scanning electron microscope (SEM) photographs of the samples confirm the nanocrystalline nature of the ferrite samples. The lattice parameter, X-ray density and bond lengths are the different parameters calculated from XRD patterns.

5 illus, 24 ref

011465   Ilango G;Balachandran V;Arivazhagan M;Xavier R J (Physics Dep, A.A. Government Arts College, Musiri-621 201, Email: brsbala@rediffmail.com) : Vibrational spectral studies of 1,4-dihydroxy-2,3,5-trimethylbenzene. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(2), 1413-18.

Vibrational spectral studies of 1,4-dihydroxy-2,3,5-trimethyl-benzene has been carried out by assuming C_s point group symmetry. The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra are interpreted on the basis of force field calculations and potential energy distributions.

1 illus, 2 tables, 8 ref

011464   Ilango G;Arivazhagan M;Balachandran V;Xavier R J (Physics Dep, A.A. Government Arts College, Musiri-621 201, Email: brsbala@rediffmail.com) : Vibrational assignments and normal coordinate analysis of 2-fluorenyl methyl ketone. Asian J Chem 2009, 21(2), 1419-24.

The FT-IR and FT-Raman spectra of 2-fluorenyl methyl ketone have been recorded. The observed frequencies were assigned to various modes of vibrations on the basis of normal coordinate calculations, assuming C_{S point group symmetry. The potential energy distribution associated with normal modes is also reported here. The assignment of fundamental vibrations agrees well with the calculated frequencies.}