023362   ZARRINKHAT F, NAJAFABADI A F, PAKIZEH T (K. N. Toosi Univ of Technology, Tehran, Iran, Email: t.pakizeh@kntu.ac.ir) : Influences of dipole– quadrupole strong interactions on optical properties of plasmonic nanodimers. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 125003.

An extended analytical method based on the dipole-quadrupole electromagnetic interaction is proposed to investigate the optical properties of strongly interacting plasmonic nanoparticles for which the known coupled dipoles approximation (CDA) is inaccurate. The introduced simple and novel method used here, namely coupled dipole-quadrupole approximation (CDQA), is used to elaborate on the optical interactions of individual modes including dipole-dipole, dipolequadrupole and quadrupole-quadrupole. A simple and versatile formula is presented for the modified dipole-polarizability by considering an adjacent quadrupole effect, leading to accurate prediction of remarkable features in the optical properties of nanoparticle clusters in simple or complex forms. Interestingly, in a nanodimer configuration, it is shown that the quadrupole strongly affects the dipolar resonance energy, though the dipole impact on quadrupole properties are negligible. The findings are verified by the approximated methods, numerical computations and generalized Mie theory.

6 illus, 34 ref

023361   HAO Z, GAO Y, HUANG Z, LIANG X (Physics Dep, Tianjin Univ of Commerce, Tianjin-300 134, Email: lxyhzhq@tjcu.edu.cn) : Polarization-independent magneto-electric Fano resonance in hybrid ring/disk heterocavity. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 125002.

In this work, we study the scattering properties of the hybrid ring/disk hetero-cavity and reveal the existence of polarization-independent magneto-electric Fano resonance. Such Fano resonance occurs through the destructive interference between the orthogonal electric and magnetic modes in hetero-cavity, where the Si ring provides additional magnetic response. Furthermore, dipole radiative enhancement is used to analysis magneto-electric response of the hetero-cavity and the spectral features of cavity can be used to quantitatively characterize by coupled oscillator model. Generation of magneto-electric Fano resonance in such nano structures does not require any symmetry breaking and presents clear advantages over their asymmetric counterparts, as it is easier to fabricate and can be used in a wider range of technological applications.

6 illus, 39 ref

023360   MADADI E (Engineering Sciences and Physics Dep, Buein Zahra Technical Univ, Qazvin,Iran, Email: ebrahimmadadi@gmail.com) : Optical trapping of Au-Fe alloyed nanoparticles: A theoretical calculation. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 125001.

Magnetoplasmonic nanoparticles, such as Au-Fe alloys, are very interesting for their properties. In this article, the optical trapping of Au-Fe nanoparticles are investigated as a function of Fe atomic percent doped in gold nanoparticles, theoretically. Using a generalized Lorenz–Mie theory, it is shown that the maximum force exerted on the alloyed nanoparticles enhances about 75% with increasing Fe atomic percent. It is shown that the trapping strength is depth-dependent and shows a 20% increment in shallow positions and a 17% decrement in the axial direction in the optimal depth, which is 7 mm deep inside the sample. Wavelength dependence of alloyed nanoparticles is studied too.

6 illus, 44 ref

023359   REN X, SUMMERS A M, KANAKA RAJU P, VAJDI A, MAKHIJA V, FEHRENBACH C W, KLING N G, BETSCH K J, WANG Z, KLING M F..[et al] (Physics Dep, Kansas-State Univ, Manhattan, USA, Email: carlos.trallero@uconn.edu) : Single-shot carrier-envelope-phase tagging using an f-2f interferometer and a phasemeter: A comparison. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124017.

Carrier-envelope phases (CEPs) from a kHz repetition rate, non-CEP stabilized laser system are measured and tagged with two different methods: an f–2f interferometer and a stereo-above threshold-ionization carrier-envelope-phase-meter. Both methods utilize the octave spanning spectrum generated in the hollow-core fiber (HCF) that broadens the laser spectrum to produce few cycles pulses. Phases from both methods are carefully synchronized and compared on a single shot level. The results show that the CEPs measured by both methods are in good agreement and demonstrate that a HCF based f–2f interferometer is well suited for CEP tagged experiments.

4 illus, 37 ref

023358   BANDRAUK A D, GUO J, YUAN K (Laboratoire de Chimie Théorique, Univ de Sherbrooke, Québec, Canada, Email: andre.bandrauk@usherbrooke.ca) : Circularly polarized attosecond pulse generation and applications to ultrafast magnetism. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124016.

Attosecond science is a growing new field of research and potential applications which relies on the development of attosecond light sources. Achievements in the generation and application of attosecond pulses enable to investigate electron dynamics in the nonlinear nonperturbative regime of laser-matter interactions on the electron’s natural time scale, the attosecond. In this review, we describe the generation of circularly polarized attosecond pulses and their applications to induce attosecond magnetic fields, new tools for ultrafast magnetism. Simulations are performed on aligned one-electron molecular ions by using nonperturbative nonlinear solutions of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation. We discuss how bichromatic circularly polarized laser pulses with co-rotating or counter-rotating components induce electron-parent ion recollisions, thus producing circularly polarized high-order harmonic generation, the source of circularly polarized attosecond pulses. Ultrafast quantum electron currents created by the generated attosecond pulses give rise to attosecond magnetic field pulses. The results provide a guiding principle for producing circularly polarized attosecond pulses and ultrafast magnetic fields in complex molecular systems for future research in ultrafast magneto-optics.

13 illus, 1 table, 93 ref

023357   VINCENTI M A (Information Engineering Dep, Univ of Brescia, Italy, Email: maria.vincenti@unibs.it) : Non-collinear counter-propagating beams inepsilon-near-zero films: Enhancement and inhibition of nonlinear optical processes. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124015.

Epsilon-near-zero (ENZ) materials are excellent platforms for nonlinear optical interactions. We demonstrate that the linear interference of two non-collinear, counter-propagating beams impinging at oblique angle can either enhance or suppress nonlinear optical processes depending on their initial phase difference. Our results validate the idea that using ENZ materials allows one to circumvent both phase-matching conditions and the use of resonant structures, thus providing a path for efficient and effective control of nonlinear processes.

7 illus, 49 ref

023356   LIU X , ZHOU M , QIU S, SUN L, LIU H, LI Q, WANG Y (Key Laboratory of Multidimensional Information Processing, East China Normal Univ, Shanghai, Email: qlli@cs.ecnu.edu.cn) : Adaptive and automatic red blood cell counting method based on microscopic hyperspectral imaging technology. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124014.

Red blood cell counting, as a routine examination, plays an important role in medical diagnoses. Although automated hematology analyzers are widely used, manual microscopic examination by a hematologist or pathologist is still unavoidable, which is time-consuming and error-prone. This paper proposes a full-automatic red blood cell counting method which is based on microscopic hyperspectral imaging of blood smears and combines spatial and spectral information to achieve high precision. The acquired hyperspectral image data of the blood smear in the visible and near infrared spectral range are firstly preprocessed, and then a quadratic blind linear unmixing algorithm is used to get endmember abundance images. Based on mathematical morphological operation and an adaptive Otsu’s method, a binaryzation process is performed on the abundance images. Finally, the connected component labeling algorithm with magnification-based parameter setting is applied to automatically select the binary images of red blood cell cytoplasm. Experimental results show that the proposed method can perform well and has potential for clinical applications.

12 illus, 2 tables, 34 ref

023355   BABICHEVA V E (Center for Nano-Optics, Georgia State Univ, Georgia, Email: vbab.dtu@gmail.com) : Long-range propagation of plasmon and phonon polaritons in hyperbolic metamaterial waveguides. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124013.

We study photonic multilayer waveguides that include layers of materials and metamaterials with a hyperbolic dispersion (HMM). We consider the long-range propagation of plasmon and phonon polaritons at the dielectric–HMM interface in different waveguide geometries (single boundary or different layers of symmetric cladding). In contrast to the traditional analysis of geometrical parameters, we make an emphasis on the optical properties of constituent materials: solving dispersion equations, we analyze how dielectric and HMM permittivities affect propagation length and mode size of waveguide eigenmodes. We derive figures of merit that should be used for each waveguide in a broad range of permittivity values as well as compare them with plasmonic waveguides. We show that the conventional plasmonic quality factor, which is the ratio of real to imaginary parts of permittivity, is not applicable to the case of waveguides with complex structure. Both telecommunication wavelengths and mid-infrared spectral ranges are of interest considering recent advances in van der Waals materials, such as hexagonal boron nitride. We evaluate the performance of the waveguides with hexagonal boron nitride in the range where it possesses hyperbolic dispersion (wavelength 6.3–7.3 ?m), and we show that these waveguides with natural hyperbolic properties have higher propagation lengths than metal-based HMM waveguides.

5 illus, 2 tables, 65 ref

023354   CHEN P, SALAS R, FARHAT M (Electrical and Computer Engineering Dep, Wayne State Univ, Detroit, USA, Email: pychen@wayne.edu) : Generation of high-power terahertz radiation by nonlinear photon-assisted tunneling transport in plasmonic metamaterials. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124012.

We propose an optoelectronic terahertz oscillator based on the quantum tunneling effect in a plasmonic metamaterial, utilizing a nanostructured metal-insulator-metal (MIM) tunneling junction. The collective resonant response of meta-atoms can achieve >90% optical absorption and strongly localized optical fields within the MIM plasmonic nanojunction. By properly tailoring the radiation aperture, the nonlinear quantum conductance induced by the metamaterial enhanced, photon-assisted tunneling may produce miliwatt-level terahertz radiation through the optical beating (or heterodyne down conversion) of two lasers with a slight frequency offset. We envisage that the interplay between photon-assisted tunneling and plasmon coupling within the MIM metamaterial/diode may substantially enhance the modulated terahertz photocurrent, and may therefore realize a practical high-power, room-temperature source in applications of terahertz electronics.

7 illus, 67 ref

023353   GUICHARD R, CAILLAT J, LEVEQUE C, RISOUD F , MAQUET A, TAIEB R, ZAIR A (Research Software Development Group, Univ Coll London, London, United Kingdom, Email: r.guichard@ucl.ac.uk) : Compensation of high order harmonic long quantum-path attosecond chirp. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124011.

We propose a method to compensate for the extreme ultra violet (XUV) attosecond chirp associated with the long quantum-path in the high harmonic generation process. Our method employs an isolated attosecond pulse (IAP) issued from the short trajectory contribution in a primary target to assist the infrared driving field to produce high harmonics from the long trajectory in a secondary target. In our simulations based on the resolution of the time-dependent Schrödinger equation, the resulting high harmornics present a clear phase compensation of the long quantum-path contribution, near to Fourier transform limited attosecond XUV pulse. Employing time–frequency analysis of the high harmonic dipole, we found that the compensation is not a simple far-field photonic interference between the IAP and the long-path harmonic emission, but a coherent phase transfer from the weak IAP to the long quantum-path electronic wavepacket. Our approach opens the route to utilizing the long quantum-path for the production and applications of attosecond pulses.

6 illus, 33 ref

023352   WU T , LIANG C , WANG F, CAI Y (Optoelectronics and Energy & Collaborative Innovation Center of Suzho, Soochow Univ, Suzhou- 215 006, Email: yangjiancai@suda.edu.cn) : Shaping the intensity and degree of coherence of a partially coherent beam by a 4f optical system with an amplitude filter. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124010.

It is known that a 4f optical system with an amplitude filter can be adopted to shape the intensity of a coherent Gaussian beam. In this paper, we investigate the propagation of a typical kind of partially coherent beam called a Gaussian Schell-model (GSM) beam through a 4f optical system with an amplitude filter in the frequency plane. It is demonstrated both numerically and experimentally that the 4f optical system with an amplitude filter can be used to shape the intensity and degree of coherence of a GSM beam simultaneously. The shaped beam displays interesting properties and forms controllable far-field intensity lattices, which may be useful for particle trapping and information transfer.

11 illus, 52 ref

023351   KANG Y, LI B, FANG Z (School of Physics, Peking Univ, Beijing- 100 871, Email: zhyfang@pku.edu.cn) : Radiative energy transfer from MoS₂ excitons to surface plasmons. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124009.

In this work, we demonstrated the energy transfer process from few-layer MoS₂ to gold dimer arrays via ultrafast pump-probe spectroscopy. With the overlap between the MoS₂ exciton and the designed plasmon dipolar modes in the frequency domain, the exciton energy can be radiatively transferred to plasmonic structures, excited the localized surface plasmon resonance, and then enhanced the oscillation of coherent acoustic phonons. Power-dependent differential reflection signals and an analytical model based on the rate equation of exciton density were carried out to quantitatively study the energy transfer process. Our finding explores the energy flow between MoS₂ excitons and surface plasmons, and can be contributed to the design of exciton-plasmon structures utilizing ultrathin materials.

5 illus, 34 ref

023350   GONG X, LI H, LU P, SONG Q, JI Q, LIN K, ZHANG W, MA J, LI H, ZENG H, WU J (State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, East China Normal Univ, Shanghai- 200 062, Email: xcgong@lps.ecnu.edu.cn) : Ellipticity dependent symmetric break of doubly ionized acetylene in strong laser fields. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124008.

We experimentally investigate symmetric dissociative double ionization of acetylene in femtosecond laser pulses of various ellipticities. Two dissociative ionization pathways with kinetic energy release of 4.8 and 6.0 eV, denoted as the low- and high-EN pathways, are observed in the spectrum of the ejected fragment ions. The relative yield of the high-EN gradually increases as compared to the low-EN when the polarization of the driving laser field is adjusted from linear to circular with increasing ellipticity. The low and high-EN fragment ions exhibit distinct angular distributions for various field ellipticities. It is attributed to the releasing of electrons from orbitals of different symmetries in producing the low- and high-EN pathways.

4 illus, 34 ref

023349   HOFF D, KRÜGER M, MAISENBACHER L, PAULUS G G, HOMMELHOFF P, SAYLER A M (Helmholtz-Institut Jena, Jena, Germany, Email: dominik.hoff@uni-jena.de) : Using the focal phase to control attosecond processes. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124007.

The spatial evolution of the electric field of focused broadband light is crucial for many emerging attosecond technologies. Here the effects of the input beam parameters on the evolution of few cycle laser pulses in the focus are discussed. Specifically, we detail how the frequency-dependent input beam geometry, chirp and chromatic aberration can affect the spatial dependence of the carrier-envelope phase (CEP), central frequency and pulse duration in the focus. These effects are confirmed by a direct, three-dimensional measurement of the CEP-evolution in the focus of a typical few-cycle pulse laser using electron rescattering at metal nanotips in combination with a CEP-metre. Moreover, we demonstrate a simple measurement technique to estimate the focal CEP evolution by input-beam parameters. These parameters can be used in novel ways in order to control attosecond dynamics and tailor highly nonlinear light–matter interactions.

8 illus, 51 ref

023348   LI H, ZANG H, SU Y, FU Y , XU H (Coll of Electronic Science and Engineering, Jilin Univ, Changchun- 130 012, Email: huailiang@jlu.edu.cn) : Generation of air lasing at extended distances by coaxial dual-color femtosecond laser pulses. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124006.

We present an approach for generation of air lasing at extended distances by coaxial dual-color femtosecond laser pulses. A strong 800 nm pulse prepares the population inversion in N₂⁺ during the filamentation in air, and a weak 400 nm pulse produced coaxially with the 800 nm light by frequency doubling in a BBO crystal seeds the N₂⁺ gain medium, producing strong narrow-band lasing emission at ?391 nm. We demonstrate that this scheme can overcome the difficulty in spatially overlapping two beams at a far distance, and the lasing emissions at a designed position can be manipulated by dispersion components inserted in the propagation path of the coaxial two-color beam. Our results provide a way for remote generation of air laser for standoff spectroscopy and detection.

4 illus, 24 ref

023347   MATSUDA N, H NISHI, KARKUS P, TSUCHIZAWA T, YAMADA K, MUNRO W J, SHIMIZU K, TAKESUE H (NTT Nanophotonics Center, NTT Corporation, Kanagawa- 243-0198, Email: m.nobuyuki@lab.ntt.co.jp) : Generation of entangled photons using an arrayed wave guide grating. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124005.

We propose an on-chip source of entangled photon pairs that uses an arrayed-waveguide grating (AWG) with multiple nonlinear input waveguides as correlated photon pair sources. The AWG wavelength-demultiplexes photon pairs created in input waveguides and simultaneously produces a high-dimensional entangled state encoded in the optical path. We implemented the device with a monolithic silicon–silica waveguide integration platform and demonstrated the entanglement of two dimensions in a proof-of-principle experiment.

4 illus, 40 ref

023346   SHAO Y , YUAN Z, YE D, FU L, LIU M, SUN X, CHENGYIN W, LIU J, GONG Q, LIU Y (Physics and State Key Laboratory for Mesoscopic Physics Dep, Peking Univ, Beijing- 100 871, Email: yunquan.liu@pku.edu.cn) : Phase-space perspective on the wavelength dependent electron correlation of strong field double ionization of Xe. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124004.

We measure the wavelength-dependent correlated-electron momentum (CEM) spectra of strongfield double ionization of Xe atoms, and observe a significant change from a roughly nonstructured (uncorrelated) pattern at 795 nm to an elongated distribution with V-shaped structure (correlated) at higher wavelengths of 1320 and 1810 nm, pointing to the transition of the ionization dynamics imprinted in the momentum distributions. These observations are well reproduced by a semiclassical model using Green–Sellin–Zachor potential to take into account the screening effect. We show that the momentum distribution of Xe²⁺ undergoes a bifurcation structure emerging from single-hump to double-hump structure as the laser wavelength increases, which is dramatically different from that of He²⁺, indicating the complex multielectron effect. By back analyzing the double ionization trajectories in the phase space (the initial transverse momentum and the laser phase at the tunneling exit) of the first tunneled electrons, we provide deep insight into the physical origin for electron correlation dynamics. We find that a random distribution in phase-space is responsible for a less distinct structured CEM spectrum at shorter wavelength. While increasing the laser wavelength, a topology-invariant pattern in phasespace appears, leading to the clearly visible V-shaped structures.

6 illus, 35 ref

023345   DJIOKAP J M N, STARACE A F (Physics and Astronomy Dep, Univ of Nebraska, NE- 68588-0299, Email: marcelngoko@unl.edu) : Doubly-excited state effects on two-photon double ionization of helium by time-delayed,oppositely circularly-polarized atto second pulses. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124003.

We study two-photon double ionization (TPDI) of helium by a pair of time-delayed (nonoverlapping), oppositely circularly-polarized attosecond pulses whose carrier frequencies are resonant with 1Po doubly-excited states. All of our TPDI results are obtained by numerical solution of the two-electron time-dependent Schrödinger equation for the six-dimensional case of circularly-polarized attosecond pulses, and they are analyzed using perturbation theory (PT). As compared with the corresponding nonresonant TPDI process, we find that the doubly-excited states change the character of vortex patterns in the two-electron momentum distributions for the case of back-to-back detection of the two ionized electrons in the polarization plane. The doubly-excited states also completely change the structure of fixed-energy, two-electron angular distributions. Moreover, both the fixed-energy and energy-integrated angular distributions, as well as the two-electron energy distributions, exhibit a periodicity with time delay ? between the two attosecond pulses of about 69 as, i.e. the beat period between the ( 2s2p) 1Po doubly-excited state and the He ground state. Using PT we derive an expression for an angle-integrated energy distribution that is sensitive to the slower beat period ?1.2 fs between different doubly-excited states as well as to the long timescale ?17 fs of autoionization lifetimes. However, with our current computer codes we are only able to study numerically the time-dependent phenomena occurring on an attosecond time scale.

8 illus, 3 tables, 39 ref

023344   CHENGLONG Y, ADHIKARI S, CHI Y, LABORDE M L, MATYAS C T, ZHANG C, SU Z, BYRNES T, LU C, DOWLING J P, OLSON J P (Physics and Astronomy Dep, Louisiana State Univ, LA- 70803, Email: olson.jonathanp@gmail.com) : Multiparameter estimation with single photons—linearly-optically generated quantum entanglement beats the shot noise limit. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124002.

It was suggested in (Motes et al 2015 Phys. Rev. Lett. 114 170802) that optical networks with relatively inexpensive overheads—single photon Fock states, passive optical elements, and single photon detection—can show significant improvements over classical strategies for singleparameter estimation, when the number of modes in the network is small (n < 7). A similar case was made in (Humphreys et al 2013 Phys. Rev. Lett. 111 070403) for multi-parameter estimation, where measurement is instead made using photon-number resolving detectors. In this paper, we analytically compute the quantum Cramér–Rao bound to show these networks can have a constant-factor quantum advantage in multi-parameter estimation for even large number of modes. Additionally, we provide a simplified measurement scheme using only single-photon (on–off) detectors that is capable of approximately obtaining this sensitivity for a small number of modes.

3 illus, 55 ref

023343   TONG Y , DAI H, CHEN X (School of Physics and Astronomy, Shanghai Jiao Tong Univ, Shanghai- 200 240, Email: xfchen@sjtu.edu.cn) : Experiment demonstration of backward propagating surface plasmon resonance mode. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 124001.

Surface plasmon resonance (SPR) is the physical process of surface plasmon excitation. The polarization sensitivity of the coupling efficiency and control of the directionality of SPR are facing challenges. We have experimentally demonstrated a new plasmonic coupler that overcomes these challenges using nano scale particles on a silver film. Our device is based on the Mie scattering of SPR and achieves a complete bidirectional excitation. The proposed design can be used to create sensors with both bidirectional and unidirectional launching of SPR, and consequently, can be extended to a broad range of applications in biosensor systems.

5 illus, 25 ref

023342   OMATSU T, MIYAMOTO K, LEE A J (Molecular Chirality Research Center, Chiba Univ, Japan, Email: omatsu@faculty.chiba-u.jp) : Wavelength-versatile optical vortex lasers. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 123002.

The unique properties of optical vortex beams, in particular their spiral wavefront, have resulted in the emergence of a wide range of unique applications for this type of laser output. These applications include optical tweezing, free space optical communications, microfabrication, environmental optics, and astrophysics. However, much like the laser in its infancy, the adaptation of this type of laser output requires a diversity of wavelengths. We report on recent progress on development of optical vortex laser sources and in particular, focus on their wavelength extension, where nonlinear optical processes have been used to generate vortex laser beams with wavelengths which span the ultraviolet to infrared. We show that nonlinear optical conversion can be used to not only diversify the output wavelength of these sources, but can be used to uniquely engineer the wavefront and spatial properties of the laser output.

18 illus, 92 ref

023341   JUNG D, BANK S, LEE M L ,WASSERMAN D (Electrical and Computer Engineering Dep, Univ of California, Santa Barbara- 93106, Email: dw@utexas.edu) : Next-generation mid-infrared sources. J Optics 2017, 19(12), 123001.

The mid-infrared (mid-IR) is a wavelength range with a variety of technologically vital applications in molecular sensing, security and defense, energy conservation, and potentially in free-space communication. The recent development and rapid commercialization of new coherent mid-infrared sources have spurred significant interest in the development of mid-infrared optical systems for the above applications. However, optical systems designers still do not have the extensive optical infrastructure available to them that exists at shorter wavelengths (for instance, in the visible and near-IR/telecom wavelengths). Even in the field of optoelectronic sources, which has largely driven the growing interest in the mid-infrared, the inherent limitations of state-of-the-art sources and the gaps in spectral coverage offer opportunities for the development of new classes of lasers, light emitting diodes and emitters for a range of potential applications. In this topical review, we will first present an overview of the current state-of-the-art mid-IR sources, in particular thermal emitters, which have long been utilized, and the relatively new quantum- and interband-cascade lasers, as well as the applications served by these sources. Subsequently, we will discuss potential mid-infrared applications and wavelength ranges which are poorly served by the current stable of mid-IR sources, with an emphasis on understanding the fundamental limitations of the current source technology. The bulk of the manuscript will then explore both past and recent developments in mid-infrared source technology, including narrow bandgap quantum well lasers, type-I and type-II quantum dot materials, type-II superlattices, highly mismatched alloys, lead-salts and transitionmetal- doped II-VI materials. We will discuss both the advantages and limitations of each of the above material systems, as well as the potential new applications which they might serve. All in all, this topical review does not aim to provide a survey of the current state of the art for mid-IR sources, but instead looks primarily to provide a picture of potential next-generation optical and optoelectronic materials systems for mid-IR light generation.

22 illus, 277 ref

023340   SINHA P (Physics Dep, BGR Campus, Uttarakhand, Email: piyushs03@gmail.com) : RGM Integero-differential equation for the scattering of two nuclei in the single channel approximation. J Mount Res 2017, 12, 105-7.

 A microscopic study of nucleus, nuclear scattering and reactions using Resonating Group Method (RGM) Bernheim et al. (1967) has been carried out with considerable success. In this method a nucleon which is capable of explaining reasonably well the nucleon low energy scattering data Bouten et al Pauli’s Exclusion Principle is also taken into account by employing fully antisymmetric wave functions. In this paper we have considered the simple case of elastic scattering of two clusters where all other channels and distortion effects are neglected.

8 ref

023339   GEORGE N S, ATAT J G, UDOINYANG I E (Physics Dep, Akwa Ibom State Univ, Nigeria, Email: nyaknojimmyg@gmail.com) : Geophysical assessment of vulnerability of surficial aquifer in the oil producing localities and riverine areas in the coastal region of Akwa Ibom state, southern Nigeria. Curr Sci 2017, 113(3), 430-8.

1D resistivity sounding survey was combined with geological and geohydrochemical information in order to examine the aquifer vulnerability. Ten Schlumberger soundings were executed along one profile on the basis of proximity to functional boreholes. Ten samples of groundwater from nearby boreholes were checked for concentrations of significant trace element in the laboratory. The resistivity and geohydrochemical information were employed to examine the level of protection and the associated possible risk of the groundwater repository in the mapped area. The interpreted overburden parameters (resistivities and thicknesses) of water repositories were deployed to determine the integrated electrical conductivities (IEC) and susceptibility of hydrogeological units to surface contaminations. Based on results, Eket and Onna on the southern part of Nsit Ubium have IEC which reflect medium to poor protection capacity based on slightly protected and vulnerable protective layers above the underlain groundwater within the approximate depth range of 15-30 m. Nsit Ubium, the northern zone of the survey area, has a wide range of resistivity which creates windows or vulnerable pathways for percolation of waste pollutants from the surface which flow at the deeper layer. However, layers within 15-25 m depth provide good protection to their underlying aquifer based on IEC which are > 1 ??¹. Hydrochemical parameters also show higher values that are beyond the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The integration of resistivity data and the hydrochemical data showed that the dominant topmost cover layers of the study areas are grossly vulnerable due to drainable pores in the formation.

6 illus, 3 tables, 31 ref

022367   Verma L;Soren D;Pillai S;Shrivastava P (ETC Dep, CCET, Bhilai) : Characterization studies of CdS nanocrystalline film deposited on teflon substrate. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(5), 68-70.

In this article, different substrates for deposition of CdS material have been discussed. Till date glass, mica, quartz, ceramic, etc. are commonly employed substrates in thin film growth. In the present work, CdS is deposited on Teflon substrate by chemical bath deposition (CBD) method. Also the films were deposited on different substrates like glass, copper and zinc and compared with those prepared on Teflon substrate. The films prepared on Teflon substrate were uniform, stable and also showed good radiating property. These films were further characterized by UV-VIS absorption spectral studies, SEM and EDS studies.

6 illus, 8 ref

022366   Sinha P (Physics Dep, Hemvati Nandan Bahuguna Garhwal Univ, BGR Campus, Pauri (Garhwal)-246 001, Email: piyushs03@gmail.com) : RGM integro-differential equation for the scattering of two nuclei in the single channel approximation. J Mount Res 2017, 12(Dec), 105-7.

A microscopic study of nucleus, nuclear scattering and reactions using Resonating Group Method (RGM) Bernheim et al. (1967) has been carried out with considerable success. In this method a nucleon - nucleon potential which is capable of explaining reasonably well the nucleon low energy scattering data Bouten et al. (1969) is used. Pauli's Exclusion Principle is also taken into account by employing fully antisymmetric wave functions. In this paper we have considered the simple case of elastic scattering of two clusters where all other channels and distortion effects are neglected.

8 ref

022365   Olatinsu O B;Olorode D O;Josh M;Clennell B; Esteban L (Physics Dep, Faculty of Science, Lagos Univ, Lagos, Nigeria, Email: oolatinsu@unilag.edu.ng) : Frequency-dependent electrical characterization of rock types from ewekoro, eastern dahomey basin, Nigeria. Curr Sci 2017, 113(2), 253-63.

Dielectric measurements (40 Hz-110 MHz) conducted on samples of limestone and its associated rocks from Ewekoro, Eastern Dahomey Basin, Nigeria has yielded vital information for characterization. Cole-Cole plots manifest a distribution of - 44 - relaxation times in the rock samples common for multicomponent systems. All the rock types show dielectric dispersion in dry and partially saturated conditions, but the frequency range differs for the rock types and depends on wettability. At partial water saturation there is: (i) enhanced polarization resulting in increase in real and imaginary permittivities; (ii) shortened region of dielectric dispersion; (iii) broadened electrode polarization plateau; and (iv) steeper and shorter dispersion region. Irrespective of the state of the rocks, dielectric parameters for shale and glauconite are at least an order greater than for limestone and sandstone. Geometric or textural effects are partly responsible for the observed differences coupled with the presence of charged clay/clay-like particles in shale and glauconite. Decrease in relaxation and critical frequencies in partial saturation for shale in contrast to the increase in these frequencies for the other three rock types is due the effect of pore geometry on overall dielectric relaxation. This study shows that dielectric measurement can complement geochemical analysis in laboratory evaluation and characterization of rock raw materials.

8 illus, 2 tables, 50 ref

021349   Suhail M H;Kadhim G A (physics Dep, College of science, Baghdad Univ, Baghdad, Iraq) : Synthesis and characterization of polypyrrole as a gas sensor. Int J Sci Nat 2017, 8(3), 621-8.

The - 28 - composite thin films of polypyrrole (PPy) with functionalized single wall carbon nanotube (fSWCNT) for hydrogen sulfide (H₂S) gas sensing application are presented in this paper. PPy/ fSWCNTs nanocomposite were deposited onto ITO (Indium tin oxide) coated glass substrate by electrochemical polymerization method of pyrrole monomer with oxalic acid and different ratios from functionalized single-walled carbon nanotubes (0.005, 0.01)% in the 150 ml from distilled water. The nanocomposite films were characterized by X-ray diffraction XRD, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The XRD result showed that the deposited films have polycrystalline structure at 2 = (24, 43)°. The FTIR spectra give distinct and the prominent bonds. The morphological study by AFM showed that formation of uniform granular structure with average grain size of (40.75- 47.07) nm. The response of these composite films for H₂S gas was evaluated by monitoring the change in electrical resistance at (20, 50,100,150 and 200) °C. It is observed that the PPy/ fSWCNT nanocomposite films show a higher sensitivity as compare to pure PPy.

11 illus, 3 tables, 13 ref

021348   Hasan B A;Abdallah R M (Physics Dep, Baghdad Univ, College of Science, Baghdad) : In₂O₃:SnO₂ thin film gas sensor for detection of NO₂ at different operation temperatures. Int J Sci Nat 2017, 8(3), 453-60.

Indium tin oxide ITO compound at different ratio In₂O₃: SnO₂ were prepared by putting indium oxide and tin oxide SnO₂ in an evacuated sealed quartz tube under vacuum pressure (10^-3Torr) in an oven at 1273 K for eight hours. Thin films of pure and Indium tin oxide ITO of different doping ratio (1,3,5,7 and 9) % wt have been prepared on glass and silicon wafer (111) type n substrates at room temperature by Pulsed laser deposition. The structure of Indium tin oxide ITO alloy and thin film of various doping ratio are identified using X-ray diffraction while the morphology were examined using atomic force microscopy. The diffraction patterns of the alloys and the prepared thin films reveals polycrystalline structures with dominate peak belonged to ITO. The EDX spectrum confirms the presence of In, Sn and O elements in prepared films. The sensing properties have been done at different temperature (R.T, 373, 473, and 573K). The gas sensing measurements to NO2 gas that In₂O₃: SnO₂ prepared on n-Si showed good sensitivity. Maximum sensitivity (800) obtained for In₂O₃ :SnO₂ prepared on n- Si at operating temperature 573K and doping ratio 5%.

10 illus, 3 tables, 9 ref

021347   George N J;Atat J G;Udoinyang I E;Akpan A E; George A M (Physics Dep, Geophysics Group, Akwa Ibom State Univ, Ikot Akpaden 520102, Nigeria, Email: nyaknojimmyg@gmail.com) : Geophysical assessment of vulnerability of surficial aquifer in the oil producing localities and riverine areas in the coastal region of Akwa Ibom State, southern Nigeria. Curr Sci 2017, 113(3), 430-8.

1D resistivity sounding survey - 27 - was combined with geological and geohydrochemical information in order to examine the aquifer vulnerability. Ten Schlumberger soundings were executed along one profile on the basis of proximity to functional boreholes. Ten samples of groundwater from nearby boreholes were checked for concentrations of significant trace element in the laboratory. The resistivity and geohydrochemical information were employed to examine the level of protection and the associated possible risk of the groundwater repository in the mapped area. The interpreted overburden parameters (resistivities and thicknesses) of water repositories were deployed to determine the integrated electrical conductivities (IEC) and susceptibility of hydrogeological units to surface contaminations. Based on results, Eket and Onna on the southern part of Nsit Ubium have IEC which reflect medium to poor protection capacity based on slightly protected and vulnerable protective layers above the underlain groundwater within the approximate depth range of 15-30 m. Nsit Ubium, the northern zone of the survey area, has a wide range of resistivity which creates windows or vulnerable pathways for percolation of waste pollutants from the surface which flow at the deeper layer. However, layers within 15-25 m depth provide good protection to their underlying aquifer based on IEC which are <62>1 Ω^-1. Hydrochemical parameters also show higher values that are beyond the 2006 World Health Organization (WHO) standards. The integration of resistivity data and the hydrochemical data showed that the dominant topmost cover layers of the study areas are grossly vulnerable due to drainable pores in the formation.

6 illus, 3 tables, 31 ref

020393   Sutanto H;Wibowo S;Arifin Z;Firdausi K S; Hidayanto E;Hadiyanto (Physics Dep, Diponegoro Univ, Jalan. Prof. Soedarto, SH-Tembalang, Semarang-50275, Indonesia, Email: herisutanto@fisika.undip.ac.id) : Preparation and electro-optical characterization of ZnO thin filmsfor photocatalytic waste cooking oil treatment. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1323-9.

In this study, we have evaluated a new method for treatment of waste cooking oil (WCO) under solar irradiation using zinc oxide (ZnO) thin films. The films were deposited onto a glass substrate by sol-gel thermal spray coating and were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and UV-Vis spectrophotometer. All prepared films showed hexagonal wurtzite structure with a preferred peak at the (002) plane. UV-Vis transmittance spectra indicated that all films had high transparency in visible light region. The optical band gap of thin films decreased from 3.35 eV to 3.22 eV for ZnO and ZnO:Ag, respectively.The quality of the oil was tested using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and electro-optical methods. There were significant changes in the characteristic of the WCO after photocatalytic treatment. The peaks at 1733.12-1755.30 cm^-1 and 2853.81-2921.32 cm^-1 FTIR data were related to C=O and C-H - 29 - cluster function, respectively. We obtained the peaks around 1165 cm^-1 which indicated a characteristic of good commercial oil. From electro-optical measurements, the polarization angle decreased by 1°. From these results, ZnO-based photocatalyst obviously enhanced the quality of WCO. This finding will be useful for treating WCO with a simple and low-cost method.

7 illus, 25 ref

020392   Suresh S;Shivprakash M C (Physics Dep, M.P.E Society's S.D.M Degree College, Honavar, Uttarakannada-581 334) : Study of ambient gamma radiation level in costal uttara kannada district, Karnataka, India. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(1), 16-20.

Ambient gamma radiation level in costal Uttara Kannada district is measured using an environmental radiation dosimeter (sensitivity 1 μR/h). Measurements were made in 17 locations both in disturbed and undisturbed areas of study locations. The measured dose rate varies from 45.6 to 131.3 nGyh-1. Relatively higher radiation levels around some places are obviously due to the presence of granitic outcrops in these regions. Significant seasonal variations in gamma dose rate were not observed during the study.

2 illus, 1 table, 22 ref

020391   Singh B;Parvinder Kaur;Hemant Kumar (Physics Dep, Motilal Nehru College, Delhi Univ-110 021) : Simulated characteristics of a nonlinear directional coupler based optical switch. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(6), 1-5.

This paper presents a nonlinear directional coupler for optical power switching. The theoretical study has been done to study the coupling characteristics of the nonlinear directional coupler. Variation of the coupling coefficients with wavelength have been done, and found that, out of all four coupling coefficients, nonlinear coupling coefficient (equivalent to self-phase modulation) decreases with the wavelength. The wavelength dependency of the critical power is studied. We have study the variation of coupling coefficients with the width of waveguide and realized that single mode waveguide with smaller core width have lower critical power. Here, we have proposed a noble design of NLDC with asymmetric waveguide along the length with lower critical power as compare to the symmetric waveguide directional coupler.

10 illus, 14 ref

020390   Sharma V;Gupta G (Applied Physics Dep, GZSCCET, MRSPTU, Bathinda, Punjab) : Effect of initial chondritic composition on the differentiation of the planetesimals in the early solar system. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(6), 213-8.

The detailed numerical simulations for the differentiation of the planetesimals have been developed using 26Al and 60Fe as the heat sources. The two different scenarios have been used for the planetary differentiation. These scenarios deal with the origin of the basaltic achondrites either by the partial silicate melting, or from the residual melt left subsequent to the crystallization in a cooling magma ocean. In order to develop the numerical simulation, we have solved the radial heat conduction partial differential equation numerically using the finite difference method with the classical explicit approximation. In the present paper, differentiation of the planetesimals has been performed with the consideration of different bulk initial chondritic compositions. The initial composition of the planetesimals same as that of L, LL, - 28 - CI and CV chondritic compositions have been considered.

6 tables, 36 ref

020389   Saxena R;Bhatt S C (NO, IFTM Univ, Lodhipur, Rajput, Moradabad-244 001, Email: saxena.richa23@gmail.com) : Intermolecular interactions in aqueous solution of polyvinyl alcohol. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1340-7.

Density, viscosity, and ultrasonic velocity studies have been carried out in an aqueous solution of poly vinyl alcohol at 1 MHz frequency. Measurements were carried out in temperature range 30°C to 65°C at different concentration range 0.3% to 1.0%. From these different acoustical parameters have been calculated from intermolecular free length and relaxation time by using measured values of ultrasonic speed, density, and viscosity. By using these values intermolecular interactions and relaxation time are discussed.

10 illus, 5 tables, 23 ref

020388   Saxena P K (NO, Tech Next Lab Private Limited, Lucknow-226 003, Email: a.saxena@technextlab.com) : Numerical study of dual band (MW/LW) IR detector for performance improvement. Def Sci J 2017, 67(2), 141-8.

In the present study, an extensive numerical analysis has been performed and an effort has been made to understand the underlying physics, which is presently unclear for researchers for development of third generation FPA infrared detectors based on HgCdTe material. To reduce technology development cost associated with dualband photodetector for operation at MWIR and LWIR regions, a 2D theoretical model has been proposed including all the relevant physics. The structure under present study considers back-to-back diode structures to detect simultaneous MW/LW operative wavelength by changing the biasing polarity of the diodes. The optimum electrical and optical outputs from dualband detector have been achieved through performing design of experiments. The coupled basic semiconductor equations including nonlinear continuity, transport and Poisson's equations have been solved to achieve electrical (I-V) characteristics under no bias condition and modern optics equations has been coupled to semiconductor equations to obtain optical characteristics. The quantum efficiency of both detectors has been computed and compared with experimental results. The computed results obtained on the basis of proposed model accurately matches with the experimental results reported by others researcher. The results exhibit the quantum efficiencies, QE_MW=95 per cent and QE_LW=74.5 per cent, respectively.

5 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

020387   Najam L A;Hameed T K;Farhan A O (Physics Dep, College of Science, Mosul Univ, Mosul, Iraq, Email: prof.lai2014@gmail.com) : Assessment of radon gas concentrations levels and hazards indices in houses of wassit province-Iraq. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1311-5.

In this work a set of indoor Rn-222 measurements have been carried out in various houses in Wassit province. Rn- 222 concentrations were the measurement by using rad-7 detector. The results show that, the highest Rn-222 concentration in indoor houses was found in Nuamaniya district which was (121 Bq/m³), while the lowest Rn-222 concentration was found in Badra district which was (49 Bq/m³), which is less than the recommended range (200- 300 Bq/m³), the hazard indices values were lower than the permissibility limit value.

3 illus, 1 table, 19 ref

020386   Muthaiyan L;Sriram S;Jeyaprakash B G; Balamurugan D (Functional Nanomaterials Lab, Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of, Thanjavur-613 401, Email: balamurugan@eee.sastra.edu) : Combined experimental and DFT/TDDFT study of berry dye chelated TiO₂ for DSSC applications. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1417-23.

Berry dyes were investigated experimentally and theoretically empathize the importance of anchoring group (hydroxyl group) properties. Density functional theory (DFT) is adapted to study pelargonidin dye present in the natural berry shows good oscillator strength (f) and light harvesting efficiency (LHE). XRD and FESEM studies show the formation of titanium dioxide (TiO₂) spherically shaped nanocrystallite. The berry dye and pelargonidin sensitized with TiO₂were investigated by UV-Vis Spectra and FTIR results were compared with theoretical results. Intramolecular charge transfer (ICT) in the pelargonidin-TiO₂system studied using DFT and TD-DFT methods.

8 illus, 20 ref

020385   Maragani N;Vijaya Kumar K (Solid state Ionics Research Laboratory, Physics Dep, K L Univ, Guntur-522 502, Email: drvijayakambila@gmail.com) : Structural and A.C. conductivity studies of (PAN+NaF) gel polymer electrolyte system with ZrO₂nano filler for an electrochemical cell applications. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), .

The effect of ZrO₂ filler on the electrical conductivity of the polymer electrolyte (PAN+NaF) was studied. The nanocomposite polymer electrolytes with various compositions of Polyacrylonitrile (PAN), sodium fluoride (NaF) salt, Zirconium oxide (ZrO₂) and plasticizing solvents dimethyl formamide (DMF) and ethylene carbonate (EC) are synthesized by solution casting technique. The free-standing, translucent, stretchy with good mechanical strength and 136 micron thick films are formed. The promising structural and complexation changes in polymer electrolytes have been explored by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and Fourier Transforms Infrared (FTIR) techniques. The X-ray diffraction patterns of polyacrylonitrile, NaF, and ZrO₂ ceramic filler, indicates the decrease in the degree of crystallinity with increasing concentration of the filler. The surface morphology analyzed with the help of Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).The electrical properties, i.e., the ionic conductivity of solid polymer electrolytes have been measured as a function of temperature and composition. The maximum ionic conductivity was observed for 4 wt% of ZrO₂ at room temperature (303 K) is about 3.69 x 10^-4S/cm and 4.96 x 10^-3 S/cm at 373K.

8 illus, 1 table, 28 ref

020384   Maragani N;Vijaya Kumar K (Solid State Ionics Research Laboratory, Physics Dep, K L Univ, Guntur-522 502, Email: drvijayakambila@gmail.com) : Ion-conducting gel polymer electrolyte based on poly (acrylonitrile) complexed with (NaF + ZrO₂): application as an electrochemical cell. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1128-36.

Gel polymer electrolyte films of high conductivity were prepared using Poly acrylonitrile (PAN) complexed with Sodium Fluoride Salt (NaF) and ZrO₂ nano fillers. These films were characterized like EDS Spectroscopy, UV-Vis Spectroscopy, DSC, Tensile test, and Discharge Studies measurements have been performed to characterize the polymer electrolytes. The DSC result shows that varying of melting point with increase in salt concentration. The effects of ceramic filler (ZrO₂) on the conductivity of the Gel polymer electrolytes were studied. The high conductivity has been observed for 4 wt% of ZrO₂ at room temperature (303 K) is about 3.69 x 10^-4S/cm and 4.96 x 10-3 S/cm at 373K. The prepared thick films and found to be freestanding, translucent and stretchy with good mechanical strength. The electrochemical cell has been fabricated with the configuration of Na/PAN: NaF(70:30)/Cathode(I₂+C+Electrolyte+ ZrO₂)and discharge characteristics were studied under the constant load of 100kΩ various cell parameters such as open-circuit voltage (OCV),short circuit current (SCC),energy density, and power density has been calculated.

6 illus, 5 tables, 37 ref

020383   Kathait G S;Rohilla V;Thapliyal P;Biswas D; Singh S (NO, H.N.B. Garhwal Univ, Srinagar Garhwal, Uttarakhand) : Effect of different strontium content on dielectric properties of barium strontium titanate ceramic. Int J latest Technol Engng Mgmt appl Sci 2017, 6(6), 75-9.

This paper discusses the effect of different Strontium content on the transition of Barium Strontium Titanate solid solutions. Doping of ceramics is one way to enhance the electrical properties. BST, PZT and other ferroelectrics of interest are already studied and considered for random access memories. Shifting of curie temperature is related to the strontium content in the BST ceramic [1]. Samples were prepared for x = 0.10, 0.15, 0.20 and 0.22. Solid state reaction method is used for preparing different compositions. Pellets with diameter 8 mm using dia piston were prepared. For these pellets, the dielectric properties were observed between room temperature and 126°C, for different Sr content. X-Ray powder diffraction study shows the structural and crystal symmetry for different strontium content. Transition of curie point, towards room temperature is observed with increasing strontium content. Low and fairly constant dielectric loss, near room temperature is observed, which is suitable for dynamic random access memory (DRAM) cell. Furthermore, composition dependent dielectric conductivity plot shows different region of conduction process. Study shows BST ceramics, with increasing Sr content are very important candidate for a wide range of applications.

7 illus, 2 tables, 19 ref

020382   Kannan R;Selvambikai M;Rajathy I J;Ananthi S (Physics Dep, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore-641 049, Email: selvambikai.m.sci@kct.ac.in) : Study on structural analysis of electroplated nano crystalline nickel based thin films. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1213-17.

The present work focuses on the synthesis and structural characterization of nickel based thin films like NiFeAg, NiMo, NiMoW and NiFeP through electrodeposition method. All these nickel based thin films were successfully coated on the copper substrate at a constant current density of 10 A/dm² and 30 minutes time of deposition. The chemical composition of the synthesized thin films was analyzed by using Energy Dispersive X-ray Analysis (EDAX) spectrograph. The surface morphology of the electroplated films was investigated by using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM).The X-ray diffraction pattern of coated thin films reveals the crystalline nature, structure, and size. The nickel based thin films already have numerous industrial applications which include Micro Electro Mechanical system (MEMS). The main aim of this current research work is to develop the new permalloy (Ni80% Fe20%) based thin films for fabrication of MEMS devices.

3 illus, 3 tables, 19 ref

020381   Inbakumar S;Andavan P M (R&D Dep, Bharathiar Univ, Coimbatore, Tamilnadu, Email: inbakumar.s.sci@kct.ac.in) : Glow discharge plasma treatment on nonwoven fabrics for medical application. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1226-31.

In this paper, glow discharge plasma operating in air atmosphere has been used to improve the surface hydrophilic and antibacterial properties of the polyester non-woven fabric. The wicking height results show that the surface hydrophilic property of the fabric samples is greatly improved with plasma treatment. The analysis of SEM shows that the surface roughness of the treated fabric samples increases due to etching in plasma processing. The analysis of FTIR and XPS indicate that oxygen-containing and nitrogen-containing polar functional groups and addition that copper is embedded on the polyester surface in plasma processing. Plasma-treated samples will use to good padding cloth and dressing cloth.

5 illus, 1 table, 15 ref

020380   Arul A R;Manjulavalli T E;Venckatesh R; Rajkumar G (Physics Dep, Kumaraguru College of Technology, Coimbatore-641 049, Email: emanjhu@gmail.com) : Antibacterial efficiency of modal fabric treated with oxides of Ti/Si/Zn nanocomposites. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1455-61.

The antibacterial efficiency of nano TiO₂, TiO₂/SiO₂, TiO₂/ZnO and TiO₂/SiO₂/ZnO Nanocomposites coated on modal fabric using dip coating was evaluated using Fourier infrared spectroscopy, Transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy and zone of inhibition against Bacillus subttilis. The particle size varies between 17.9 nm to 46.4 nm. The fabric treated with TiO₂/SiO₂/ZnO exhibited a maximum zone of inhibition of 53 mm followed by 47 mm and 43 mm for TiO₂ and TiO₂/ZnO treated fabrics respectively.TiO₂/SiO₂ treated fabric has shown a minimal zone of inhibition of 36 mm.

5 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

020379   Aram S;Ramalingam H B;Krishnamurthi P (Physics Dep, Government Arts College, Dharmapuri, Tamil Nadu, Email: drkrishnamurthi@gmail.com) : Dielectric measurements of the ternary mixtures of alcohols with aniline in carbon tetrachloride at 301K. Rasayan J Chem 2017, 10(4), 1247-52.

The nature of hydroxylamine complexes was identified through the formation of hydrogen bonding between alcohols (methanol, ethanol, propanol, and butanol) with aniline from the dielectric measurements like dielectric constant, density and refractive index. From these measurements, the dipole moment of hydroxylamine complex was determined from the Huysken's method origin of Onsager model also evaluated the dipolar increment. The enthalpy changes due to bond formation obtained from the dipolar increment. The dipole moment of the both cis and trans structure are determined and tabulated, the dipole moment values of the trans are higher than the cis structure it may complex is form the trans structure. The value of dipole moment of the complex, dipolar increment and enthalpy changes concluded complex formation mainly due to the polarization only. These values indicate the order of the complex methanol <62> ethanol <62> propanol <62> butanol, aniline as one of the component.

2 illus, 2 tables, 24 ref

019415   Shaikh K S H;Lad A B (Physics Dep, Amolakchand Mahavidyalaya, Yavatmal, Maharashtra, Email: shaikhkalim70@yahoo.in) : Second harmonic generation in KDP single crystal. Int J Sci Nat 2016, 7(4), 752-5.

Potassium dihydrogen phosphate (KDP) is an excellent inorganic nonlinear optical material with different device applications. In the present work, single crystal of pure KDP crystal has been grown from the aqueous solution by slow evaporation technique. KDP crystal is a suitable nonlinear material for second Harmonic generation. UV- visible studies suggest that the crystal is suitable for nonlinear - 30 - applications. During the growth it has been observed that the low evaporation rate gives good quality crystals, avoiding temperature fluctuation during stirring and for long time magnetic stirring gives good quality crystals with lesser defects. We synthesized KDP single crystal this crystal possess high optical and structural perfection that make it possible to produce elements for doubling and tripling of laser radiation frequency.

1 illus, 15 ref

018468   Tari D;Haryan S;Patankar K;Jaiswal V;Samant M;Sivakami S;Dongre P M (Biophysics Dep, Mumbai Univ, Vidyanagari, Santacruz (E), Mumbai-400 098, Email: drpmdongre@yahoo.co.in) : Simple egg membrane model for understanding diffusion characteristics of nanoparticles and amino acids. Curr Sci 2017, 112(7), 1574-8.

This study reports the passive diffusion (in vitro) of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) and those of the amino acids tryptophan, phenylalanine, tyrosine across a biological membrane model. The experiments were carried out under physiological conditions at pH 7.4. Chicken egg shell outer membrane model was used to study the passive diffusion of the above materials. Passive diffusion was performed against and towards gravitation for 24 and 48 h. Fick's first law of diffusion was adopted for quantification of diffusion coefficient, permeability constant and diffusion rate. The egg shell membrane was characterized using scanning electron microscopy. The SNPs were synthesized by chemical degradation method and characterized by UV-visible spectroscopy and dynamic light scattering. An average size of nanoparticles obtained was 62 nm. The diffusion rates of amino acids were higher than those of SNPs. However, they were enhanced in their presence. Permeability coefficient and diffusion coefficient were higher for amino acids than SNPs. The possible mechanisms have been explained on the basis of molecular properties.

4 illus, 1 table, 27 ref

018467   Shakya V;Pandey N K;Misra S K;Roy A (Sensors and Materials Research Lab, Physics Dep, Lucknow Univ, Lucknow-226 007, Email: vandna647@rediffmail.com) : Electrical and optical properties of ZnO-WO₃ nanocomposite and its application as a solid-state humidity sensor. Bull Mater Sci 2017, 40(2), 253-62.

This study reports the humidity sensing characteristics of ZnO-WO₃ nanocomposite. Pellet samples of 0-5 weight% ZnO in WO₃ were sintered from 300 to 600°C. When exposed to humidity, the resistance of the sensing samples was found to decrease with increase in relative humidity (RH). Five percent ZnO-doped WO₃ showed maximum sensitivity of 20.95 MΩ/%RH in 15-95% RH range. Sensor parameters like reproducibility, aging, hysteresis, response and recovery times were also studied. Sensing mechanism is discussed in terms of sintering temperature, composition and crystallite size of the sensing element. It was observed that sensing mechanism is strongly based on annealing temperature and percentage of doping. The sensing samples have also been investigated by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Raman spectroscopy. The crystalline size of the sample was identified by powder X-Ray Diffraction data. The SEM analysis was used to study the surface morphology. The structure, phase and the degree of crystallinity of the materials were examined by Raman spectroscopy.

10 illus, 4 tables, 59 ref

018466   Sen (De) A (NO, Harish-Chandra Research Institute, Chhatnag Road, Jhunsi, Allahabad-211 019, Email: aditi@hri.res.in) : Quantum entanglement and its applications. Curr Sci 2017, 112(7), 1361-8.

Quantum correlation, such as entanglement, is one of the important ingredients in most of the known quantum communication schemes. In - 32 - this article, we first introduce the concept of entangled states and then discuss the communication protocols without security, both in a two-party and in a multiple-party domain.

4 illus, 86 ref

018465   Ray N R (Centre for Indological Studies and Research, The Ramakrishna Mission Institute of Cutlure, gold Park, kolkata-700 029, Email: niharranjanray535@gmail.com) : Atomic hydrogen storage in a two-dimentional hydrogenated diamond-like carbon film. Curr Sci 2017, 112(7), 1564-7.

The present communication describes the twodimensional hydrogenated diamond-like carbon (2DHDLC) film as a system for storing atomic hydrogen, having hydrogen content in atomic per cent <126>37.5 corresponding to gravimetric density of hydrogen <126>5.8 wt%.

6 illus, 29 ref